Stat-312: Quiz #01

Name:
Key
1. (a) Data in the table represent length measurements of a rod, in cm. Calculate the following statistics for the
data (verify data entry using the sample st. dev.!):
9.22
9.47
9.96

10.52
10.80
9.53

n=
xn =

10.69
9.50
9.96

30
9.952 cm

10.66
8.99
9.47

10.41
10.52
10.77

9.58
10.07
10.84

9.28
9.53
10.23

8.13
10.30
10.38

xmin =
8.13 cm
Sx (sample st. dev.) = 0.6341145515 cm

9.61
10.22
10.23

xmax =
Q1 =

9.36
9.97
10.37

10.84 cm
9.50 cm

median =
10.02 cm
sample variance = 0.4021 cm2
Q3 =
10.41 cm
IQR =
0.91 cm
midhinge =
9.955 cm
range =
2.71 cm
(b) Do the data in the table represent a Numerical or Categorical variable? If this is numerical data,
determine whether it is a discrete or continuous variable.
Numerical or Categorical / Discrete or Continuous
(c) For the table of length measurements above, answer the following questions:
(i) Above what value will you find the largest fourth of the data?
Q3 = 10.41 cm
(ii) Determine the outlier fences, and identify outliers in the set.
Fences: [ 8.135 cm , 11.775 cm ]
Outliers:

{8.13 cm}

2. Draw the locations of xn , ( xn Sx), xmin, Q1, median, Q3, and xmax for the data shown in the drawing.
n = 15, so Q1 is 4th data value,
median is 8th data value and Q3
is 12th data value. xn balances
data. Slight left skew, so mean
is slightly to the left of the
median. ( xn Sx) covers ~2/3 of
data values.
3. The data set below gives details about inspection failure modes for resistors on a production line.
(a) Create a Pareto chart for the data, and draw it on the axes provided. Include bar graphs with count labels
(left axis) for each defect category, and a cumulative percentage polygon (ogive, on the right axis).
Qty Reject Failure Mode

250

100.0

99.1

95.3

243

85.7

200

100
80

150
100

60

156
43.9

40
76

50

Percent

72.0

20

53
21

5
0
Activation
Failure

Resistance
High

Contact
Failure

Resistance
Low

Lead
Problems

0
Cracked
Seal

Resistance Low
Resistance High
Cracked Seal
Cracked Seal
Lead Problems
Resistance Low
Cracked Seal
Contact Failure
Cracked Seal
Lead Problems
Activation Failure
Resistance Low
Contact Failure
Cracked Seal
Lead Problems
Resistance Low
Cracked Seal
Cracked Seal
Lead Problems
Activation Failure

Count

11
21
5
47
24
11
15
23
23
42
4
22
30
84
38
32
8
61
52
1

(b) Do the failure data follow Paretos Principle (more or less)?

YES / NO
Briefly explain your answer. 72% of defects were caused by 2 out of 6 (33%) of failure modes.

xn

Sample Mean

Sample Standard Deviation

Sample Variance

Range

Sx

1 n
xi
n i 1

n
1
2
xi x n
n 1 i 1

S x2 S x
2

n
1
2
xi x n
n 1 i 1

xmax xmin

Q1

n 1
th Ordered Value
4

Median

n 1
th Ordered Value
2

Q3

3n 1
th Ordered Value
4

Midhinge

Q1 Q3
2

IQR

Q3 Q1

Inner Fence Outliers

x < Q1 1.5IQR, or x > Q3 + 1.5IQR