Calculations for Reinforced Soil Wall (Sta

Title

Hand Calculations for modular block wall of height 10.75 m

Reference

BS 8006-1:2010

Date :
Designed by:
Checked by :
Approved by :
Design Input Parameters
Reinforced Soil Data
Angle of Internal friction 1
Unit wt
Y1
Retained Backfill Soil Data
Angle of Internal friction 2
Unit wt
Foundation Soil Data
Cohesion
Angle of Internal Friction 3
Unit wt
Crash Barrier Data
Strip load due to crash barrier Q
Live Load Ql

32
18.5 kN/cu.m
30
18.5 kN/cu.m
0 kPa
30
18.5 kN/cu.m
15.45 kPa
23 kPa

Live Load should be considered as per provisions of IRC:78-2014

Water table is considered below the influence zone.
General Shear Failure is considered.

COMPUTATION OF EXTERNA
10.75 m HIGH WALL BY STATIC ANALYSIS

Coefficient of active earth pressure (k a):

For reinforced soil:

ka = (l-sin)/(l+sin)

kal

0.307

Wall batter

For retained backfill soil:

32
4.23

ka2

0.333

Mechanical wall height H =

10.75

Length of reinforcement L=

7.60

Minimum embedment depth

Unit weight of foundation soil Vf

18

Foundation properties :

kN/m3

Summary of partial factors to be used

Partial factors

to be applied tan0'
Soil material factors :

to be applied C
to be applied Cu
Sliding across surface of reinforcement (fs)

Soil/reinforcement interaction factors

Pullout resistance of reinforcement (fp)

Foundation bearing capacity : to be applied
Partial factors of safety

Sliding along base of the structure or any horizontal surface where there is soil-soil contact

Partial load factors for load combinations associated with walls

combinations

Effects

Mass of the reinforced soil body (ffs)

Mass of the backfill on top of the reinforced soil wall (ffs)
Earth pressure behind the structu(ffs)
Traffic load: On reinforced soil b(fq)
Behind reinforced soil block

(fq)

1.5

51

IRC:SP:102-2014
CASE :A

LOADS
Self weight of Reinforced Soil Wall
Lever
Vj= Yi*H*L*ff5
= 18.5*10.75*7.6*1.5

kN/m

2267.18 kN/m

Strip load due to Crash Barrier

V2

Arm

= Q x b*fts

XI

3.8

width of the Strip Load

V2

= 15.5*1.6*1.5

kN/m

37.08 kN/m

b=

1.6

X2

0.8

X3

3.8

Ql

* H * ffs

Vertical load due to Live Load

V3

= Ql x L*ffs
= 23*7.6*1.5

kN/m

262.2 kN/m

Resultant Vertical Load

Rv = V1+V2+V3
=

2566.45 kN/m

Horizontal Forces

Earth pressure behind reinforced soil block

Pi - 1/2 * ka2 *v2 * H2*ffs
= 0.5*0.333*18.5*10.75*10.75*1.5
=

534.22 kN/m

Earth Pressure due to Live Load :

P2 = ka2 *

= 0.333*23*10.75*1.5
-

123.56 kN/m

Check for Sliding along the base

CASE;B
For long term stability where there is soil to soil contact at the base of

the structure
fsRh< Rv(tan0'p/fms)+(C*L/fms)
Rh

is the horizontal factored disturbing force

Rv

is the vertical factored resultant force

0'p

is the peak angle of shearing resistance under effective stress conditions

fms

is the partial materials factor applied to tan0'p, C',CU

fs

is the partial factor against base sliding

is the effective base width for sliding

Sliding force (Rh)

Resisting force

(Rv * tanO'p)/fms

886.91 kN/m

(Pi+P2)

789.34 <

657.78 kN/m

886.91

Hence structure is safe in sliding stability

52
IRC;SP; 102-2014
Check for Bearing Failure
Overturning Moment
Mo = (PI * H/3 + P2 * H/2)

CASE :A

2578.4 kN-m/m

Resisting Moment
Mr = (VI * L/2 +Lc/2 x V2+V3*L/2)
=

9641.3 KN-m/m
Eccentricity (e) of resultant load Rv about the centre line of the

base of width L
(Mr-M0)

e=

L/2 I(V1+V2+V3)

3.8

7062.8
2566.46

3.80-

1.048 m

2.752
<
<

Bearing pressure qr due to Meyerhof distribution

qr

Rv
L-2e

L is the reinforcement length at the base of the wall

Rv

is the resultant of all factored vertical loads

=

2566.46
5.504

=
qr

<

quit/ fms

466.29 kN/m2

+ Y* Dm

fms is partial material factor applied to qu,t

Ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil

quit = {cf
for cp = 30

Nc

= 30.14

Nq

= 18.4

Ny

= 22.40
L-2e = 5.50

quit = qNq+ 0.5 (L-2e) yf Ny

= 1440.80

kN/m2
qr<

1047.14 kN/m2

456.29 <

1047.14

Hence foundation is safe against bearing capacity failure

53
IRCiSP; 102-2014
COMPUTATIOM OF INTERNAL STABILITY FOR 10.75 m HIGH WALL BY STATIC ANALYSIS

Check for Rupture

For reinforced soil:

kal

0.307

r1

32
For retained backfill soil :

ka2

0,333

10.55 m

7.60 m
Foundation Properties

Dm

1m

18 kN/m3

LOADS
Self weight of Reinforced soil wall

Vj = Vi*H*L
=

1483.33 kN/m

Vertical load due to strip load

Qx b
V2

24.72 kN/m

Vertical load due to live load

Vj

= Q| x L
174.8 kN/m

Horizontal Forces
Pa = 1/2 * ka2*v2* H2
=

343.02 kN/m

4) E.P due to LL P2 = ka2 * Q, * H

Check for internal Sliding

Calculation for bottom layer of Geogrid

For long term stability where thercontact at the
base of the structure

fsRh< Rv(a1*tan0'p/fm$)+(C,*L7fms)

Rh

is the horizontal factored disturbing force

Rv

is the vertical factored resultant force

0'p

is the peak angle of shearing resistance under effectiv

fms

is the partial materials facto 0'p, C',CU

fs

is the partial factor against base sliding

L'

is the effective base width for sliding

Rh

1.3

( Px+Pz)* ffs
635.80 kN/m

Rv

(vx + v2)
1508.05 kN/m
826.53 <

54

848.57

IRC:SP:102-2014
MOMENTS
Overturning Moment
Mo

Mo

(Pi * H/3*ffs + P2 * H/2 *ffs)

2449.1 kN-m/m

ffs
Resisting moment
Mr = (Vx * L/2 +Lc/2 x V2+V3*L/2)*ffs
Mr

9481.0 KN-m/m
Eccentricity, e =

Elevation of Geogrid Layer

El

0.2 m

E2

0.81 m

SvJ

0.5*(E2-E1)+E1
0.505 m

ovj

= Rvj / (L-2e)

Tpj

446.42 kN/m2
= kai * ovj * Svj

69.23 kN/m
Considering the crash barrier as a strip load and

where

Tsj

(ka * Svj * ff * SJ / Dj

Dj

((hj +b)/2) + d

calculating Tsj for the bottom most Grid layer

Ka

0.307

Svj

0.505 m

ff =

55
IRC;SP;102-2014

1.5

SL

24.73 KN/m

Dj

6.875 m

Tsj

0.836 KN/m

Tj

TW + Tsi

Tj

70.07 KN/m

Geogrid D
Geogrid
Type #2

Geogrid Type #1
Tult(kPa)

40.0

60.0

Strength Reduction factors

Durability (RFd)
Installation damage(RFjd) (based on type of soil)
Creep (RFcr)

1.1

( Varies based on temp of soil)

T design (kPa)

=TU|t/(RFdxRFidxRFc

For Type #6

1.51
20.94

TD=

Tult/(RFd*RFid*RFcr)

78.53 kN/m

31.41

fn=TD/Tj
1.1 >1.1

from Table 9 of BS: 8006

Check for Pullout

Inclination of failure surface w.r.t horizontal
Elevation from bottom
wall batter (w)

6 = 45 + 0/: = 45 + 32/2 =

El

0.203 m

4.23

E.
Le = L

h E x Tan(co)
Tan{i//)

Effective Length

Le

7.47 m
Tt

Perimeter of the jth layer:

J\J n
C

cohesion of the soil

=0 KN/m2

ffs

1.5

from Table 11 of BS; 8006-1 : 20

fn

1.3

from Table 11 of BS; 8006-

1.1

from Table 9 of BS; 8006-1

2
1

O.K

56
1RC:SP: 102-2014

from Table 11 of BS: 8006-1 : 20

0.5

hj

10.55 m

ff

fp

<

fp

<

1.5 from Table 11 of BS: 8006

Pj * p* Le*(ffs*Vl*hj)/Tj*fn
28.4

Case A

Check for Connection Strength

The ultimate connection strength Tu|tconn (n) at each geosynthetic reinforcement shall be calculated as

Tultconn (n)

acs

^A/w(n)tanAcs
where TU|tconn(n) = ultimate connection strength

acs = apparent minimum connect

Acs = apparent angle of friction f

acs , Acs
Ww(n)

shall be considered from Type #6

=

(H-Ej)*Yu*Wu

Connection calculations for bottom most Grid :

H=
yu

wall height
=

10.15 m

Density of plain concrete

W = Block unit width front to back

w{n)

72.81 KN/m

acs

19.71 KN/m

Acs

30

1 ultconn (n)
From Case A

61.77 KN/m
T,

70.07 KN/m

As Tj is greater than TU|tconn(n) a secondary reinforcement of 1.0m length is provided at an elevation of 0.609m
=

Therefore 5^for the bottom most layer for connection

Tj

70.07*0.406/0.505
56.3
Tj

56.3 <

KN/m
^ Tu|tconn (n)
61.8

Reinforced Soil Wall (Static)

i.e 10.15 m +0.6 m road crust

Ultimate
limit state

Serveciability
limit state

combinations

1.5

1.5

uuuuuuu

m
m

a) External anti infernal stability

(Critical

case for sliding)

effective stress conditions

O.K

base of width L

I(V1+V2+V3)

L/6
1.27 O.K

466.29 kN/m2

Nc +q Nq+ 0.5 (L-2e) yf Ny}

O.K

18.5 KN/m3

Lever
Arm

where

XI

3.8 m

1.6 m

X2

0.8 m

X3

3.8 m

80.84 kN/m

of shearing resistance under effective stress conditions

O.K

1.5 from Table

L/2-

12 of BS 8006-1 :

2010

(Mr-M0)
I(V1+V2+V3)*1.5
3.8

7031.9
2524.28

3.80-

2.786

1.014 m

<

L/6

<

1.27 O.K

First layer from bottom

Second layer from bottom

(for bottom grid)

calculating the tension due to the st 1.6m

1.6 m

0.8 m

where Crash barrier area (A) = 0.98m2

Density of Conc

where hj =

SL

= A*yc

(10.75-0.2)

for bottom grid

25 KN/m3

Geogrid Data
Geogrid
Type #3

Geogrid Type Geogrid Type

#4
#5

80.0

100.0

120.0

1.15

1.15

1.15

Geogrid Type #6
150.0

1.1
1.51
41.88

52.35

from Table 9 of BS: 8006

62.82

78.53

O.K

jlli C
t r-.-J |jfr.

from Table 11 of BS; 8006-1 : 2010

from Table 11 of BS; 8006- a' tan
from Table 9 of BS; 8006-1 /ms

from Table 11 of BS: 8006-1 : 2010

where a1 =

0.8

from Table 11 of BS: 8006

Pj * p* Le*(ffs*Vl*hj)/Tj*fn
Where fp = 1.3 from Table 11 of BS: 8006-1: 2010

n) = ultimate connection strength

acs = apparent minimum connection strength between geogrid reinforcement and block unit
Acs = apparent angle of friction for connection of geogrid reinforcement and block unit
shall be considered from Type #6 grid to block connection report

24 KN/m
0.305 m

Ei

0.203 m

0.203+((0.609-0.203J/2)
0.406 m

O.K