Calcs Basics Webcast V2 (ODTUG)

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Agenda
Marketing Technologies Group | www.mtgny.com
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Advantages of Essbase calculations

Outline calculations and calc scripts
Global calculations and the Essbase calc cycle
Syntax basics
Formulas and intersection names
Crossing dimensions and the calc Point of View
Most useful commands and functions
Simple allocation example
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Visit our Event Calendar at mtgny.com for links to upcoming

presentations as well as previously recorded sessions.
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Advantages
Centralized data is more

secure
Easier to validate
Very scalable
Global formulas are fast,
easy and consistent
Rich set of analytics
functions
Easy to create sophisticated
reports
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Caution: Always Experiment On A Copy
It Starts with a Calc Script

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Most Essbase calculations are batch

But there are also dynamic calcs
The default calc is just Calc All;
Which calculates the entire database
Two Types of Outline Calculations

calcs are created/edited in the Outline Editor

Consolidations based on hierarchies
Member formulas
Calc All; executes all hierarchy consolidations and all
member formulas
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Hierarchy
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Outline
Member formula
Essbase Calculation Cycle

loops through every dimension

calculating each cell in a specific order
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Essbase
Default Calc
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Calc All;
Execute from EAS, Spreadsheet, MaxL
Calculates all outline formulae and hierarchies
Can be customized
Essbase loops through all dimensions touching every
cell in order
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Custom Calc Scripts

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Restrict calculation to a subset of the database

Provide procedural control of calculation order
More functions and commands
Allow for alternate calculations
Custom Calc Scripts

can create custom calc

scripts in the Calc script
Editor
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Syntax Basics (abbreviated)

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Not case sensitive (a few exceptions)

Semicolon terminator (Sales = Price * Units;)
Member names with spaces or numerics need
double quotes (e.g. 2012 or Total Expenses)
Comparison uses == (e.g. IF(Sales==0))
-> specifies intersection (e.g. Jan->Sales)
Calc Member Blocks ( see other webcast)
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Cell Names and Intersections

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Spreadsheets
store data in
intersections
named using row
numbers and
column letters
Essbase Uses Business Descriptions
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Essbase names
intersections using
business
descriptions
(member names)
Two Dimensional Model

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Income Statement
Actual
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Sales
Cost Of Sales
Gross Profit
SG&A
Corp. Overhead
Profit Bef. Tax
Tax
Net Incom e
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Jan Feb Mar ... Dec
100
Dec -> Net Income
Three Dimensional Model

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Income Statement
Variance
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Jan Feb Mar ... Dec
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Income Statement
Sales
Budget Cost Of Sales
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Feb Mar ... Dec

GrossJan
Profit
Income Statement
Sales
SG&A
Actual Cost Of Sales
Corp. Overhead
Feb Mar ... Dec
GrossJan
Profit
Profit Bef. Tax
Sales
SG&A
Tax
Cost Of Sales
Corp. Overhead
Net Incom e
25
Gross Profit
Profit Bef. Tax
SG&A
Tax
Corp. Overhead
Net Incom e
75
Profit Bef. Tax
Tax
Net Incom e
100
100
Actual -> Dec -> Net Income
A Five Dimensional Model

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Needs 5 coordinates in the cell name
All Region->All Products->Actual->Dec->Net Income
Visual Approach to Calculations

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a spreadsheet view
Analyze the cell names
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Create
Jan->Actual->Margin = Jan->Actual->Sales - Jan->Actual->COGS

Feb->Actual->Margin = Feb->Actual->Sales - Feb->Actual->COGS
Margin =
SalesCOGS
Writing Member Formulas

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Jan->NY->Margin = Jan->NY-> Sales

-Jan->NY-COGS;
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In a three dimensional database

Jan->NY->Margin will calculate one cell
Fewer Co-ordinates Increases Scope
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NY->Sales
NY->COGS;
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NY->Margin=
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Fewer Co-ordinates Increases Scope
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Sales
COGS;
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Margin=
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Specifying Multidimensional Ranges

members names from

more dimensions reduces the
range calculated
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Adding
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Sales
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Actual->Sales
Jan->Actual->Sales
Left Side Point of View Is Passed To The

Right Side
Every cell reference requires a complete set of co-ordinates (1 for each

dimension)
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If you omit any co-ordinate Essbase implicitly matches the cell being
calculated
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Sales-
COGS;
Margin =
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You type:
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Essbase Calculates:
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Jan->Actual->Margin = Jan->Actual->Sales - Jan->Actual->COGS;

Feb->Actual->Margin = Feb->Actual->Sales - Feb->Actual->COGS;
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(all the months and all the scenarios)
Implied Relative References

Margin =
Sales -
COGS
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Jan->Margin = Jan->Sales - Jan->COGS
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Feb->Margin = Feb->Sales - Feb->COGS
Crossing Dimensions with Absolute

References
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Cross dimensional operator ->creates an absolute reference. It

overrides the left side POV on the right side
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NY->Colas->Share = NY->Colas->Sales % Total Market ->Colas-> Sales

Colas->Sales % Total Market ->Colas-> Sales
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Colas->Share =
Sales % Total Market
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Share =
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Note: Cross-dims ( ->) on left is not best practice
-> Sales
Order of Calculation: Dimensions

The Dense Calc

Accounts Dimension (requires Accounts Dimension property)
2.
Time Dimension (requires Time Dimension property)
3.
Remaining Dense Dimension (in Outline Order)
4.
Two-Pass Calcs (requires Default Calc containing CALC ALL; )
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Remaining Sparse Dimensions (in Outline Order)
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1.
The Sparse Calc
Note: See Demystifying Sparse and Dense webcast
Order of Calculation: Hierarchy
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Calc Order: 1. Accounts
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Qtr1
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Mar
675
270
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-
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Feb
645
258
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1
-
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F
F
Measures
Profit
Margin
Sales
COGS
Total Expenses
Marketing
Payroll
Misc
Ratios
Margin %
Profit %
Jan
678
271
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0
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Load Data
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Qtr1
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3 Calc Margin for all dense dims

1 Read Sales Data
2 Read COGS Data
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-
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Feb
387
645
258
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1
-
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+
+
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F
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Measures
Profit
Margin
Sales
COGS
Total Expenses
Marketing
Payroll
Misc
Ratios
Margin %
Profit %
Jan
407
678
271
94
51
0
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Margin:Consolidate Sales (+) and COGS (-)
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3
1
2
7
4
5
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Calc Margin for all dense dims

Read Sales Data
Read COGS Data
Calc Total Expenses for all dense dims
Read Marketing data
Read Payroll data
Read Misc. data
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Qtr1
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+
+
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F
Feb
387
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258
142
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-
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Measures
Profit
Margin
Sales
COGS
Total Expenses
Marketing
Payroll
Misc
Ratios
Margin %
Profit %
Jan
407
678
271
145
94
51
0
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Total expenses: Consolidate Marketing (+), Payroll (+) and Misc. (+).

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Calc Measures for all dense dims

Calc Profit for all dense dims
Read Sales Data
Read COGS Data
Read Marketing data
Read Payroll data
Read Misc. data
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7
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Qtr1
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+
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F
F
Feb
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245
387
645
258
142
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1
-
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Measures
Profit
Margin
Sales
COGS
Total Expenses
Marketing
Payroll
Misc
Ratios
Margin %
Profit %
Jan
262
262
407
678
271
145
94
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0
-
Profit: Consolidate Margin (+) and Total Expenses (-)

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Calc Measures for all dense dims

Calc Profit for all dense dims
Read Sales Data
Read COGS Data
Read Marketing data
Read Payroll data
Read Misc. data
Calc Margin % for all dense dims
Calc Ratios for all dense dims
Calc Profit % for all dense dims
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7
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1
60.0
60.0
38.4
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+
+
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F
F
Feb
245
245
387
645
258
142
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1
60.0
60.0
38.0
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Measures
Profit
Margin
Sales
COGS
Total Expenses
Marketing
Payroll
Misc
Ratios
Margin %
Profit %
Jan
262
262
407
678
271
145
94
51
0
60.0
60.0
38.6
Formulas: Margin % Sales, Profit % Sales
Calc Order: 2. Time
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Two-Pass Calcs
Two-Pass calcs are recalculated to correct for

errors created by the default calc order
Set Two-Pass property on members in the outline
Two-Pass calc works on the accounts dim and on
dynamic calcs
If you use a script (other than the default) you must
use the CALC TWOPASS; command
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Calculation Order Affects Results
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Dynamic Calcs
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Calculated on retrieval or as precedent

Dynamic Calc Non-Store
Dynamic Calc and Store
Set in Outline Editor
Advantages of Dynamic Calcs
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Dynamic Calc Rules of Thumb

Make all dense calcs Dynamic (Non-Store) with 2

exceptions:
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member with input data

If the order makes the calc wrong
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Any
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Dont use Dynamic Calc and Store

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Clearblock dynamic to update

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Need
Basic Calc Script Commands

Calculates the database based

on the outline.
CALC DIM (single or multiple

dimensions listed);
Calculates a single dimension or

multiple dimensions. If all
dimensions are listed it is the
same as a CALC ALL; command.
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CALC ALL;
e.g.
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Calc Dim(All Markets,All Products)
IF & FIX: Controlling Scope in a Calc Script

You can focus the calc on a subset using FIX

statements in a script
FIX(Actual)
Calc Dim(Accounts);
ENDFIX
You can test conditions using IF statements
IF(Sales==#Missing)
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ENDIF
Sales=Units*Price;
Conditional Logic: IF Statements
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IF (condition)
commands;
ELSEIF (condition)
commands;
ELSE
commands;
ENDIF;
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Conditional Logic: IF Statements

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Outline or script
Script requires calc member block
Loads and tests each specified member
Use on dense dimensions
Controlling Scope with FIX

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FIX (mbrList)
commands
ENDFIX
FIX statement cannot calc the fixed dim
Script only - not outline
Loads only those blocks specified
Passes thru database once per FIX Statement (unnested)
Use multiple fixes on sparse dimensions
FIX(NY)
CALC DIM (Measures,Year);
ENDFIX
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FIX(NY,NJ)
ENDFIX
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FIX(NY:CT)
ENDFIX
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FIX(NY,Apples)
ENDFIX
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FIX(@CHILDREN(AllMkts))
ENDFIX
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Hierarchical References
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Relationship Functions - obtain Values

Member Set Functions - return a listing of member
names
Boolean Functions - perform a test (true/false)
based on member names
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Relative and Absolute References
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Crossing Dimensions
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Crossing 2 Dimensions
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Crossing 1 Dimension
Relationship Functions Obtain Values

[, mbrName])
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@PARENTVAL(dimName
[, mbrName])
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@ANCESTVAL (dimName, genLevNum
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@MDPARENTVAL (dimCount,
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dimName1, . ... .
[,mbrName])
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dimNameX
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@MDANCESTVAL (dimCount,
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dimName1, genLevNum1. .
dimNameX, genLevNumX
[,mbrName])
@ParentVal( )
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@PARENTVAL(dimName [, mbrName])
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Share = Sales % @PARENTVAL(AllMkts ,Sales
);
@AncestVal( )
, Sales
);
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Share = Sales % @ANCESTVAL (AllMkts,
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@ANCESTVAL (dimName, genLevNum [, mbrName])
genLevNum
> 0 = Generation
< 0 = Level
0 = Level
@MDParentVal()
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@MDPARENTVAL (numDim, dimName1, . ... . dimNameX [,mbrName])

, All Regions, All Products,Sales
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Share= Sales/@MDPARENTVAL ( 2
);
@MDAncestVal()
@MDANCESTVAL (dimCount, dimName1, genLevNum1. . dimNameX, genLevNumX [,mbrName])

,All Products, 2
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,All Markets, 2
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Share=Sales/@MDANCESTVAL (
, Sales
);
Comparing Relationship Functions

dimName ,
mbrName)
@AncestVal (
dimName, genLevNum1,
mbrName)
dimNameX,
mbrName)
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@MDParentVal( dimCount, dimName1.. .
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@ParentVal(
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@MDAncestVal( dimCount, dimName1, genLevNum1. . dimNameX, genLevNumX ,mbrName)
Hierarchical References Summary Chart

ABSOLUTE
RELATIVE
(All Destinations refer to different values, same relationship)
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(All Destinations refer to the same value)
@PARENTVAL(dimName, Xmbr)
Cross One-Dimension
@ANCESTVAL(dimName,genLevNum,[mbrName])
e.g. @ANCESTVAL(Markets, 2, Sales)
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@MDPARENTVAL(numDim,dimName1,dimNameX,[
Xmbr])
e.g. @MDPARENTVAL(2, Markets, Products,

Sales)
Cross Multiple Dimensions
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Sales->Markets
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e.g @PARENTVAL(Markets, Sales)
Sales->Markets->Products
@MDANCESTVAL(numDim,DimName1,GenLevNum1,
DimNameX,GenLevNumX [,Xmbr])
e.g. @MDANCESTVAL(2, Markets, 2, Products,

2, Sales)
Allocation Example
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FIX(Headcount)
Calc Dim(All Markets,
All Products);
ENDFIX
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C
Rent= Headcount%
* Rent ->All Markets
>All Products;
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Headcount%=Headcount
/ Headcount->All
Markets >All Products;
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Copyright MTG 2012

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ABOUT MTG: Founded in 1992 MTG provides consulting, training and
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collaborative development services specializing in the Oracle Enterprise

Performance Management system. We have extensive experience working with
Oracle Essbase, Hyperion Planning and related technologies.
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MTG offers a number of available training opportunities and learning materials.

Visit us online to access the following resources:
op
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MTG | Marketing Technologies Group

55 Broad Street, 10th Floor
New York City, NY 10004
Phone: 212-824-2900
Fax: 212-824-4929
info@mtgny.com

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rig

Advantages of Essbase calculations

Visit our Event Calendar at mtgny.com for links to upcoming

Centralized data is more

Caution: Always Experiment On A Copy

It Starts with a Calc Script

Most Essbase calculations are batch

Two Types of Outline Calculations

calcs are created/edited in the Outline Editor

Essbase Calculation Cycle

loops through every dimension

Custom Calc Scripts

Restrict calculation to a subset of the database

Custom Calc Scripts

can create custom calc

Syntax Basics (abbreviated)

Not case sensitive (a few exceptions)

Cell Names and Intersections

Marketing Technologies Group | www.mtgny.com

Essbase Uses Business Descriptions

Marketing Technologies Group | www.mtgny.com

Two Dimensional Model

Jan Feb Mar ... Dec

Dec -> Net Income

Three Dimensional Model

Marketing Technologies Group | www.mtgny.com

Jan Feb Mar ... Dec

Feb Mar ... Dec

A Five Dimensional Model

Needs 5 coordinates in the cell name

All Region->All Products->Actual->Dec->Net Income

Visual Approach to Calculations

Jan->Actual->Margin = Jan->Actual->Sales - Jan->Actual->COGS

Writing Member Formulas

Jan->NY->Margin = Jan->NY-> Sales

In a three dimensional database

Fewer Co-ordinates Increases Scope

Marketing Technologies Group | www.mtgny.com

Fewer Co-ordinates Increases Scope

Marketing Technologies Group | www.mtgny.com

Specifying Multidimensional Ranges

members names from

Left Side Point of View Is Passed To The

Every cell reference requires a complete set of co-ordinates (1 for each

Jan->Actual->Margin = Jan->Actual->Sales - Jan->Actual->COGS;

(all the months and all the scenarios)

Implied Relative References

Jan->Margin = Jan->Sales - Jan->COGS

Feb->Margin = Feb->Sales - Feb->COGS

Crossing Dimensions with Absolute

Cross dimensional operator ->creates an absolute reference. It

NY->Colas->Share = NY->Colas->Sales % Total Market ->Colas-> Sales

Sales % Total Market

Note: Cross-dims ( ->) on left is not best practice

Order of Calculation: Dimensions

The Dense Calc

Time Dimension (requires Time Dimension property)

Remaining Dense Dimension (in Outline Order)

Two-Pass Calcs (requires Default Calc containing CALC ALL; )

Remaining Sparse Dimensions (in Outline Order)

The Sparse Calc

Note: See Demystifying Sparse and Dense webcast

Order of Calculation: Hierarchy