Rahe Belayet 1

ivn ejvqvZ
om
I ivm~jjy v ni () whK&i-Ihxdv
W. Lv`Kvi Avyjv n Rvnvxi
un
na
ht
ru
st
AavcK, Avj-nv`xm G BmjvwgK vwWR wefvM,

Bmjvgx wekwe`vjq, Kzwqv|
.c
wc-GBP. wW. (wiqv`), Gg. G. (wiqv`), Gg.Gg. (XvKv)
Avm-mybvn cvewjKk
w
w
.a
ss
wSbvB`n, evsjv`k
www.assunnahtrust.com
ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv
ivn ejvqvZ
I ivm~jjy v ni ( ) whK&i-Ihxdv
W. Lv`Kvi Avyjvn Rvnvxi

cKvkK
Dmvgv Lv`Kvi
Avm-mybv n cvewjKk
om
Avm-mybvn Uv feb
ci evm Uvwgbvj, wSbvB`n-7300
gvevBj: 01711152954, 01922137921
iRe 1434 wnRix, R 1419 wnRix ev,

gvP 2013 Cmvqx
nvw`qv
360 (wZbkZ cvk) UvKv gv|
un
na
ht
ru
st
c_g cKvk: kvIqvj: 1423 wn, cl 1409 wnRix ev, wWmî 2002 Lv
cwigvwRZ I cwiewaZ l msiY:
.c
weq K`: 66 cvwi`vm ivW, evsjvevRvi, XvKv-1100

gvevBj: 01986290147
ivn ejvqvZi whKi I `yAvjvi we DPviYi wmwW/ggvwi KvW c_Kfve msMn Kib A_ev Avgvì IqemvBU _K
WvDbjvW Kib|
ISBN: 978-984-90053-1-5
w
w
.a
ss
RAHE BELAYAT (The way to Friendship of Allah) by Professor Dr. Kh. Abdullah Jahangir. Published by AsSunnah Pablications, As-Sunnah Trust Building, Bus Terminal, Jhenidah-7300. 6th eddition March 2013. Price
TK 360.00 only.
ivn ejvqvZi 1g msiY cKvk Dcj Ìqv
wmwK eski Dj b ki dzidziv

gvI. Avyj Kvn&nvi wmwKx Avj-KzivBkx mvnei
evYx I bmxnZ
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
wemwgjvwni ivngvwbi ivnxg| bvngv`y Iqv bymvjx Avjv ivm~wjwnj Kvixg| Avv ev`, Avgvi wb`k I AbyciYvq ivn
ejvqvZ bvgi GB eBwU wjLQ Avgvi RvgvZv Lv`Kvi Avyjv n Rvnvxi| KziAvb Kvixg I mnxn nv`xmi Dci wfw Ki eBwU jLv
nqQ| Avgvi mKj gyix` Ges hviv AvgvK fvjevmb, Avgvi civgkK iZ `b ev Avgvi wbKU _K wkv wbZ AvMnx Zuvì mKji
cwZ Avgvi Ave`b h, GB eBwUK wbRi Avgji Rb m`v me`v cvV Kieb I cvjb Kieb|
mKji KvQ Avgvi Abyiva h, hw` Avjvni c_i cw_K nZ Pvb, Avjvni bKU, ejvqvZ, ingZ, eiKZ I bvRvZ
jvfi AvMn gb _vK Zvnj wbi welqwj j ivLyb:
c_gZ, wefve ZvInx` I wimvjZi Dci Cgvb Avbyb| mvnvevq Kivg, Zveqx I Zve-ZveqxMYi AvKx`v ev Avnjym mybvZ
Iqvj RvgvAvZi AvKx`v hv Bgvg Avey nvbxdvi (in) wdKj AvKevi, Bgvg Zvnvexi (in) AvKx`vq Zvnvexqv I Abvb cvPxb
BgvgMYi wbfihvM Mm g~n wjwce iqQ mB Abymvi wbRì AvKx`v MVb Kib| cieZx hyMi weÀvZ I evbvqvU AvKx`v eRb
Kib| mv_ mv_ mKj cKvi wkiK, Kzdi, weÀvZ I Bjnv` _K AvZiv Kib|
wZxqZ, mKj cKvi nvivg DcvRb cwinvi Kib| dih Bev`Z wefve cvjb Kivi mevZK Pv Kib| mKj Kexiv Mvbvn
I nvivg eRb Kib| Kvbv gvbyl A_ev cvYxi nK (AwaKvi) b Kiv ev wZ Kiv weler cwiZvM Kib|
ZZxqZ, gbK wnsmv, NYv, wel, AnsKvi, AvZZw , RvMwZK mvb, cwZcw ev UvKv-cqmvi jvf _K h_vme cwe
ivLvi Rb me`v mZKZvi mv_ Pv Kib| GRb me`v Avjvni ìevi ZvIdxK Pq KvZifve `yAv Kib| cqvRb Qvov
gvbyli mv_ nvwk Zvgvkv ev MRe h_vme Kg Kib|
PZz_Z, bdj Bev`Z ewk ewk cvjbi Pv Kib| gvbyli mev, DcKvi I mvnvh RvZxq KvR h_vme ewk Kib| bdj
mvjvZ h_vme ewk Av`vqi Pv Kieb| weklZ Zvnvy`, BkivK I gvMwiei ci wKQy bdj mvjvZ (AvIqvexb bvg cwiwPZ) me`v
cvjb Kieb|
bdj wmqvg ewk cvjbi Pv Kib| weklZ cZK mvn mvg I enwZevi, cZK Aviex gvmi c_g, kl Ges
13, 14 I 15 ZvwiLi wmqvg wbqwgZ cvjb Kieb| GQvov AvivdvZi w`bi wmqvg I Avivi wmqvg cvjb Kieb| bdj `vb ewk
Kivi Pv Kieb| `vb KiZ mg bv nj gvbyli ewk ewk mev I DcKvi Kieb, hv Avjvni wbKU `vb wnmve MY ne|
mKjB KziAvb Kvixg wZjvIqvZ wkL wbqwgZ KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kieb| mv_ mv_ A_ eySvi Rb mvagZv Pv Kieb|
Zvnvyì ci ev dRii ci wbqwgZ KqK cv wZjvIqvZi Afvm eRvq ivLeb|
cgZ, GB M ewYZ mKj whK&i-Ihxdv wbqwgZ cvjb Kieb| mKj `yAv, gybvRvZ I whK&i wefve gyL Ki Zv
wbqwgZfve cvjb Kieb| hviv mKj `yAv I Ihxdv gyL I cvjb KiZ mg nQb bv ev gyL KiZ `wi ne ej gb
KiQb, Zvì Rb Avwg wbic Ihxdv cvjbi bmxnZ KiwQ:
(K). dRii mvjvZi ci Ges gvMwiei mvjvZi ci GB eBqi 71, 72, 70, 73, 75, 76, 77, 100, 101, 104,
105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 112 I 116 bs whK&i cvjb Kieb| A_vr, 3 evi AvmZvMwdijvn , 1 evi Avjvv AvbZvm mvjvg,
1 evi jv Bjvnv ... Kv`xi, 1 evi AvqvZzj Kzimx, 1 evi Ki wZb (Kjy ), 100 evi Ki 4 Zvmexn, 100 evi myenvbvjvwn Iqv
wenvgw`nx, 3 evi myenvbvjvwn ... KvwjgvwZnx, 10 evi mvjvZ (ì`), 3 evi wemwgjvwn ... , 7 evi nvmweqvjvn.. , 3 evi
iv`xZz.., 1 evi Bqv nvBD .., 1 evi Avjvv Bbx..| Gici hZY me em bdx BmevZi jv-Bjvnv Bjvjvn whK&i Kieb|
kl Avjvni ìevi mKvZi wbRi I mKj gymwjgi Rb `ywbqv-AvwLivZ KjvY I eiKZ Pq gybvRvZ Kieb| mKj gymwjg
gy`v , weklZ Avjvni wcq ev`vì AvwLivZi DbwZ Pq `yAv Kieb|
(L). Kggq w`bi eZvi ga me`v ewk ewk 1, 4, 9, 10, 13, 17, 18 I 117 bs whK&i cvjb Kieb|
(M). hvni I Avmi mvjvZi ci : 71, 72, 73, 75, 76 I 77 bs whK&iwj cvjb Kieb| A_vr, 3 evi
AvmZvMwdijvn, 1 evi Avjvv AvbZvm mvjvg ... , 1 evi jv-Bjvnv ... Kv`xi, 1 evi AvqvZzj Kzimx, 1 evi Ki wZb (Kyj),
100 evi Ki 4 Zvmexn|
(N). Bkvi mvjvZi ci hvni I Avmii mvjvZi Abyic Ihxdv cvjb Kieb| Bkvi mvjvZi ci ev Zvnvyì ci
h_vme ewk Ki mvjvZ (ì`) cvV Kieb| me nj AZ 100 evi ì` kixd cvV Kieb| kl Avjvni ìevi mKvZi
wbRi, mKj RxweZ, gZ gymjgvb I gyiweMYi Rb `vIqv Kieb|
(O). weQvbvq q Nygvbvi AvM 121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 131, 139 I 140 cvjb Kieb| A_vr, 100 Zvmexn, 1
4
evi AvqvZzj Kzimx, 1 evi m~iv evKvivi kl `yB AvqvZ, 1 evi m~iv Kvwdib, 3 evi Ki wZb Kjy , 3 evi
AvmZvMwdijvnv, 1 evi AvmjvgZz bvdmx...|
GB Ihxdv c_g chvqi Rb| gv^q Abvb mKj whK&i I `yAv gyL Ki Zv Dcii Ahxdvi Af
y Ki beb|
gvmb~b cwZZ wbqwgZ whK&ii gvRwjm Kvqg Kib| whK&ii gvRwjm h_vme Avjvni fq Kuv`vKvUv I ZIev ewk
Ki Kieb, Avjvn I Zuvi gnvb ivm~ji () gneZ Ges KziAvb-nv`xmi mnxn vb ARbi Pv Kieb| Avjvni ìevi
`yAv Kwi wZwb hb GB Ihxdvi viv mKj hvwKii cwic~Y DbwZ, eiKZ I ghv`v c`vb Kib Ges Keyj Ki bb|
Aveyj Avbmvi wmwKx

(cxi mvne, dyidziv)
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
è: G evYxwU c_g msiY Ìqv| bZzb msiY whKii bîjv cwieZb nqQ|
om
AvnKvij Gev`,
c_g msiYi f~wgKv

.
.
om
Roev`x I fvMev`x cvvZ mfZvi meMv mx Pvc cfvweZ nq coQb wekvmx gvbylivI| GKw`K hgb AmsL
fvMev`x Roev`x gvbyl fvMi AmviZv I AvZvi k~bZvi cxob wdi AvmQb wekvmi c_, Aciw`K wekvmxì Rxeb coQ
Roevì Qvqv| wekvmi AvavwZKZv, AvwiKZv, gnvb mv I Zuvi wcqZgi () cgi AvKzjZv _K Avgiv AbKB ewZ|
Avgiv AbKB wKQy wKQy agxq Abykvmb gb PjjI Gjvi AvwZK cfve Avgiv cyivcywi jvf KiZ cviwQ bv| Avgvì
Bmjvgx vbPPv AbK mgq ZK cwiYZ nq hvq, Avgvì AvavwZKZv nq co fvgx I wevwc` | G mgq ìKvi Ggb wKQy
Kg hv Avgvì `qwjK Avjvn I Zuvi gnvb ivm~j -Gi fvjevmvq AvKzj Kie| `qK fi è ckvw I wZvq| hv
Avgvì AvwZK weKvkK mygnvb Kie, mwZKvii ZvKIqv ARb mnvqK ne| gnvgwng cfiy mw, cg, fvjevmv, bKU ev
ejvqvZi c_ GwMq wbq hve Zuvi ev`vK| ab ne bMY mw Zuvi gnvb cfiy cgi cik|
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv `wL h, we Cgvb I cwic~Y ZvKIqv ev gnvb Avjvni wblaKZ mKj welq eRbB
ZvhwKqvq bvd&m ev AvZw Ges ejvqvZ ev Avjvni bKU I cgi c_| nv`xm kixd Avjvni ejvqvZ ev bKUi c_i
KgK `yfvM Kiv nqQ: dih I bdj| dih cvjbi cvkvcvwk AweiZ bdj Bev`Z Kivi gvag ev`v Zvi cfyi bKU I cg
ARb Ki| G eBwUZ msc AvZw I ejvqvZi G c_ mK Ges wevwiZfve bdj Bev`Z I Avjvni whK&i, `yAvgybvRvZ BZvw` mK AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ|
KziAvb I nv`xmi wb`kbvi AvjvK Avgiv `wL h, Avjvni c_ PjZ dih Bev`ZwjI Avjvni whK&i wnmve MY| GQvov
Avjvni c_ Pjvi bdj Bev`Zi AbZg Bev`Z gnvb iveyj Avjvgxbi whK&i Kiv, Zuvi KvQ cv_bv Kiv, Zuvi evYx cvV Kiv, Zuvi
gnvb nvexe, gvbeZvi gywi `~Z, mwi miv, Avjvni wcqZg I kZg ivm~j gynvv` -Gi Dci mvjvg I mvjvZ (ì`) ciY Kiv|
G meB Avjvni whK&i-Gi Afy|
KziAvb I nv`xmi eYbv Abymvi, Avjvni whK&i wekvmxi Rxebi gnvm`| gnvb mv iveyj Avjvgxbi mw I
mvIqve ARbi AbZg c_| gnvk kqZvbi KzgYv _K `qK iv Kivi AbZg Dcvq Avjvni whK&i| wPv, DrKv I
nZvkv _K gyw cvIqvi AbZg gvag Avjvni whK&i| fvivv gvbe `qK wnsmv, wel, weiw, AwiZv BZvwì gnvfvi
_K gy Kivi GKgv Dcvq Avjvni whK&i| Avjvni cwZ wekvm, AvwLivZi Kvgbv I ZvKIqvK `q mvwiZ, mxweZ, `pZi
I vqx Kivi AbZg Dcvq Avjvni whK&i| cvw_e jvf I fvgx _K `qK gy Kivi gvag Avjvni whK&i| RvMwZK fqfxwZ
I jvfjvjmv ZzQ Ki Avjvni c_ wbRK wewjq w`Z, Zuvi KvjgvK DP KiZ gywgbi AbZg evnb Avjvni whK&i|
w
w
.a
Avjvni whK&i mK AvRKvj gymwjg mgvR wwea Abyf~wZ weivRgvb| GK kYxi Bmjvg-wcq avwgK gymwjg whK&i-AvhKvi
welqwUK iZ c`vb Kib bv| eis AbKUv AenjvB Kib| AbK Av`vRi Dci ejb, whK&ii dhxjZi nv`xm me hqxd, Gi
Kvbv iZ bB| KD ev ejb, KgB Zv whK&i, gyL evievi AvDovj Kx nq? KD ev ejb AvM Kvjgvi cwZv, Bmjvgi cwZv,
Gici Kvjgvi whK&i| mgvR Bmjvg bB GLb whK&i Ki Kx ne? Gfve wewfb fvlvq G welq Aenjv cKvk Kiv nq|
whK&i mK AvjvPbv KiwQ ev eB wjLwQ bj Zviv wei nb| Zviv gb Kib, hLvb mviv wek gymwjg Dvn gvi LvQ,
Bmjvgi wei PjQ Mfxi loh, m mgq AwZ ivKvix welq wbq AvjvPbv bv Ki G mKj mKj ev GKv Kg iZcY~
welq wbq wjLvi Kx cqvRb?
Avmj ivm~jjy v n I Zuvi mvnvexMYi Rxebi Av`kK mvgb bv iL KziAvb I nv`xmi mvgvb-wKQy K_v wkL Zvi
mv_ gbi AveM I gvayix wgwkq wbR wbR gw Bmjvg Zwii dj Gwj| gywgbi Rxeb Cgvb ew, ZvKIqv ew I AvZw
hw` AwZ ivKvix welq bv nq Zv nj wK ay Mig Atmvik~b eywj Avgvì AwZ iv Kie? ivm~jjy v n I Zuvi mvnvexMYi
Rxeb _K Avgiv Kx wkv cvB? hw` Avgiv ivm~jjy v n I Zuvi mvnvexMYi Rxeb I KgK Avgvì Av`k wnmve MnY KiZvg,
Zvnj `LZvg cwievi, mgvR, `k I wek Bmjvg cwZvi AvM-ga-ci, Kgi whK&ii mv_- me`v Zuvì wRnv Avjvni
whK&i Av` _vKZ| cwZw`b mKj Bev`Z I Kgi cvkvcvwk nvRvi nvRvi evi Zvmexn, Zvnjxj I Abvb whK&i Zuviv cvjb
KiZb|
Aciw`K Ab wKQy avwgK Bmjvg-wcq gvbyl whK&iK fvjevmb, whK&i Kib Ges wbRìK hvwKi ej gb Kib|
wK Zvì whK&i ivm~jjy v n I Zuvi mvnvexMYi whK&ii mv_ wgj bv| whK&ii k Avjv`v, cwZ Avjv`v I wbqg Avjv`v|
Gì mgmvI GKB: ivm~jjy v n I Zuvi mvnvexMYK cwic~Y Av`k wnmve MnY bv Ki, Zuvì whK&i I whK&i cwZi w`K bv
ZvwKq, whK&i msv KwZcq AvqvZ I nv`xmi Dci wbfi Ki, ZvZ wbR wbR we`v, hyw, cv I iO wgwkq Zv cvjb KiQb
Zviv| Zviv fveQb GfveB Zviv G mKj AvqvZ I nv`xmi Dci mevgfve Avgj KiQb| whK&i kwUB Zvì KvQ

iZcY~ | ivm~jyjvn Kx k, Kx-fve, KLb, Kvb& cwZZ whK&i Kijb ev KiZ ejjb m welqwU Zvì KvQ
aZe bq| Zvì whK&ii aib-cwZ Ges whwKi eeZ k I evKjv AwaKvskB mybv Z weivax|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
whK&i kwUi hZ AccqvM nQ| whK&ii bvg Ggb k I cwZ eenvi Kiv nQ hv KLbv ivm~jjy v n I
mvnvexMY Kibwb| eo K jvM hLb Avgiv `wL whK&ii bvg, `yAvi bvg, ìì bvg I Ihxdvi bvg wewfb eyRyMi
evbvbv k, wbqg, cwZ BZvw` AwZ hZ mnKvi cvwjZ nQ, wK ivm~jjy v n -Gi kLvbv k, evK, wbqg, cwZ G mKj
GKeviB AenwjZ|
Aviv `ytL I e`bvi welq h, Avgvì `ki cPwjZ Bmjvgx wkvg~jK M wjZ ivm~jjy v n -Gi bvg hv wKQy whK&i,
Ihxdv ev `yAv-ìì DjL AvQ Zvi AwaKvskB RNb wg_v I evbvqvU welq| eo Avh jvM h, eyLvix I gymwjg-mn wmnvn
wmv I wgkKvZzj gvmvexn Zv Avgvì `k AbK hyM aiB cwiwPZ I cPwjZ| G mKj M msKwjZ mnxn mvjvZ (ì`),
mvjvg, whK&i, `yAv I Ihxdvwj mvaviYZ Avgvì `ki Kvbv Ihxdvi eBqB cveb bv| cjI mvgvb Ask| evwK me
evbvqvU, wg_v I AvRwe K_v w`q fiv| ay PUK`vi mvIqvei K_v, DU dhxjZi K_v I wg_v KKvwnbxi dj wev nq
Gwji wcQb QyUQb mijcvY gvbyliv| Avh welq, h hv bQb ev `LQb ZvB MnY KiQb, ejQb I wjLQb| Kv_vq
K_vwU cvIqv Mj, mZ bv wg_v Zv wbq KD wPv KiQb bv| A_P ivm~jyjv n -Gi bvg wg_v ejvi GKgv AeavwiZ cwiYwZ
Rvnvbvg|
Aviv AevK jvM, Kvbv Kvbv Ihxdv M ev whK&i-AvhKvi welqK Mi jLK Zuvi f~wgKvq `vwe KiQb, wZwb
evbvqvU whK&i, `yAv BZvw` cwinvi KiQb| ay nv`xmi whK&i AvhKvi I mvnvex-ZveqxMYi whK&i AvhKvi I Ihxdv wjwce
KiQb| A_P eB Lyj `wL hv wKQy whK&i Ihxdv jLv nqQ Zvi AwaKvskB evbvqvU; nv`xm I mvnvexMYi Avgji evBi| Avi
KziAvb I nv`xm _K hv jLv nqQ ZviI mswk nv`xmmg~n AwaKvsk hqxd (`yej ev AwbfihvM)| hgb, KziAvb Kvixgi
KwZcq m~ivi dhxjZ AbK evbvqvU nv`xm DjL Kiv nqQ|
w
w
.a
ss
nvdZ nvBKvj, `yAv Mj Avik, `yAv Avnv` bvgv, `yAv nvexex, wnheyj evnvi, `yAv Kv`vn, `yAv Rvgxjv, ivm~jjy vn
()-Gi gyevivK bvgmg~ni Ihxdv, ì` AvKevi, ì` jvLx, ì` nvRvix, ì` ZvR, ì` Zzbvwbv, ì` inx,
ì` kdv, ì` bvixqv, ì` MvIwmqv, ì` gynvv`x BZvw` nvRviv bvgi nvRviv evbvqvU PUK`vi Kvwnbxmg wKZve
co AMwYZ mijcvY gywgb G mKj `yAv, mvjvZ I whK&i cvjb KiQb| G mKj whK&i I `yAvi ga AbK gvmb~b k ev evK
msKwjZ iqQ| Ze Gwji msKwjZ ici h mKj dhxjZ ejv nqQ meB evbvqvU| GQvov Gwji ga AbK evbvqvU evK
iqQ, hv cieZx hyMi eyRMy ev A-eyRMy gvbylì Zwi| G mKj ki ga beyqZi Kvbv b~i bB| GQvov G RvZxq AbK `yAvi
ga AvcwKi, Avèi Ljvd ev wkiKg~jK kI iqQ| mevcwi ivm~jjy v n -Gi kLvbv I cvwjZ k ev` w`q Gwji wbqwgZ
Avgj wbtm`n mybv Zi cwZ Aenjv|
whK&i-AvhKviK Aenjv Kiv Ges evbvqvU k ev cwZZ whK&i Kiv DfqB mybvZi cwicx| Avgiv my`pfve wekvm
Kwi h, Rxebi mKj Kg I mKj Avgvì GKgv cwic~Y Av`k I Avgvì Avjvi w`kvix gynvv`yi ivm~jyjvn | Avgiv
Aviv wekvm Kwi h, wZwb AvgvìK cqvMnxb Av`k wkwLq hvbwb| wZwb AvgvìK Avjvni c_ AMmi nIqvi, RvbvZ jvfi I
Rvnvbvg _K gywi hZ c_i K_v ejQb Zvi meB wbRi Rxeb Kgi gvag evevwqZ KiQb| Zuvi mvnvexMYI Zuvi mKj
Bev`Z cvjbi c~YZ
g Av`k| mvjvZ, wmqvg, nR, hvKvZ, whK&i, `yAv, BwZKvd, Kzievwb BZvw` mKj cKvi Bev`Z Zuviv hfve
cvjb KiQb mfve cvjbB Avgvì bvRvZi c_|
G welqK wevwiZ AvjvPbv Avwg Gn&BqvDm mybvb M KiwQ| mLvb whK&ii bvg mybv Z weivax wewfb whK&i I
cwZ mK wjLwQ| wK mybv Z weivax Kg ev` w`q mybvZ-mZ Kg Zv KiZ ne; bBj Zv Kvbv jvf njv bv| GRb
Avgvi cig kq ki dyidzivi cxi mvne AvgvK wb`k w`jb mybv Zi AvjvK ejvqvZi c_ I mybv Z-mZ whK&i AvhKvii
Dci GKwU eB wjLZ|
GQvov AbK Avwe` I hvwKi gvbyl AvgvK gyL I Uwjdvb ejQb, Rvnvxi mvne, Avcbvi Gn&BqvDm mybvb eB
covi ci Zv Kvbv eBqi DciB Avv ivLZ cviwQ bv| wg_v, evbvqvU ev hqxd nv`xmi Dci Avgj Ki ckg ne ej
me`v fq AvwQ| Avevi wKQy Avgj Zv Kiv ìKvi| Avcwb mnxn nv`xmi Dci wbfi Ki gywgbi Rxebi whK&i-Ihxdv I cvjbxq
bK Avgj mK wjLyb, hv Avgiv wbwZfve cvjb KiZ cvie|
wK wjLZ ejj Zv njv bv| jLKi c~wu R Zv `LZ ne| Avgvi we`v Zv wKZve gyL Kiv| wKZve bv NU wKQy
wjLZ cvwi bv| mgq-myhvMi Afve| mevcwi wbRi Avgji Afve| Zv mI wKQy wjLvi Pv Kijvg|
ivm~jjy v n ()-Gi mybvZ ev ixwZ I cwZB Avgvì G eBqi GKgv wfw| Avwg ejvqvZ, Zvh&wKqv, whK&i BZvwì dhxjZ
AvjvPbv KiB kl Kwiwb| Dci mwji ivm~jyjv n I mvnvexMYi cwZ wevwiZ AvjvPbv KiZ Pv KiwQ| KviY G
mKj welq mevgfve cvjb I ARb KiQb ivm~jjy v n I Zuvi mvnvexMY| KvRB, Zuvì wevwiZ mybv Z Avgvì Rvbv ìKvi|
Zuviv Kx-fve, KLb, Kx cwigvY, KZevi, Kx Kx evK viv whK&i KiQb Zv wevwiZfve Rvbvi I jLvi Pv KiwQ|
7
mnxn ev wbfihvM nv`xmB mybv Zi GKgv Drm| ivm~jjy v n Zuvi bvg evbvqvU K_v ejZ KVvifve wbla
KiQb| G Abvqi GKgv kvw Rvnvbvg ej RvwbqQb| cvkvcvwk wZwb Zuvi DZK mZK Ki w`qQb h, Zuvi DZi ga,
weklKi cieZx hyMwjZ, AbK Zuvi bvg wg_v I evbvqvU K_v eje| wZwb DZK Gì _K mveavb _vKZ wb`k
w`qQb| mvnvexMY G welq AZ mZK _vKZb| AwbQvKZ fyji fq mvnvexMY cwic~Y gyL bv _vKj Kvbv nv`xm ejZb
bv| Ab Kviv wbKU _K kvbv nv`xm MnY KiZ Zuviv LyeB mZK wQjb| Kviv mK m`n nj Zvi nv`xm Zuviv bZbB bv|
GgbwK AwbQvKZ fyji mvebv `~i Kivi Rb Kvbv mvnvex AviK mvnvexK nv`xm ejj wZwb AbK mgq ZuvK kc_ KivZb h,
mwZB Avcwb Gfve ivm~jjy v n _K bQb wKbv? GQvov Avcbvi Kvbv mvx AvQ wKbv? A_vr, Avcwb Qvov G K_vwU Zuvi gyL
_K Avi KD bQb wKbv? BZvw`|
ZveqxMYI GKBfve mb` Qvov Kvbv nv`xm MnY KiZb bv| mbì eYbvKvixMYi nv`xm eYbvq fyj nq wKbv ev Zviv
wg_v ejb wKbv m welq Zuviv AZ mZK wQjb| mKj GjvKv _K nv`xm msMn Kiv Ges ivm~jjy vn -Gi nv`xmK wg_v
_K cwe ivLvB wQj Zuvì AbZg KvR| ceeZx hyMi gynvwmMY Zuvì c`v AbymiY Ki PjQb|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avwg Avgvi mvagZ ay mnxn I nvmvb nv`xmi Dci wbfi Kivi Pv KiwQ| AvjvPbvi ga Kvbv hqxd nv`xmi cmZ
DjL nj m mK ejwQ| AbK mgq hqxd nv`xm ay GRb DjL KiwQ h, nv`xmwU Avgvì `k cPwjZ| nv`xmwU h
hqxd Zv AbKi ARvbv| nqZ Kvbv mybv Z-cwgK cvVK nv`xmwUi mbì `yejZv RvbZ cvij wZwb DcKZ neb| ci nqZ wZwb
Zvi cwieZ mnxn nv`xmi Dci wbfi Kieb| A_ev AZ nv`xmwUi mbì `yej Zv cKvk Ki Zv eYbv Kieb|
Kvbv nv`xm hqxd nIqvi A_ D nv`xmwU ivm~jjy v n -Gi K_v bv nIqvi mvebv LyeB ewk| ivm~jjy vn -Gi BKvji
100, 200 ev 300 ermi ci GKRb `yej, AcwiPwZ ev Dvcvv K_v ejb Ggb ew `vwe KiQb h, ivm~jyjv n G K_v ejQb
ej AgyK ew ZvK RvwbqQb| Ab Kvbv gynvwm G nv`xmwU Rvbb bv ev Kviv KvQ bbwb| gynvwmMY wekvj gymwjg weki
GKcv _K AviK cv ch kZ Pv KiI Avi GKRb wbfihvM gvbyl cjb bv, h G nv`xmwU bQb ev Rvbb| G aibi
m`nhy K_v ivm~jjy v n -Gi bvg ejv DwPZ bq|
nv`xmi mnxn, hqxd Ges RvwjqvwZ wbaviYi Zveqx, Zve-Zveqx I cieZx hyMi gynv&wmMY mywbw` wbqgbxwZ
AbymiY KiQb hv AZ evwbK I hwK| Kvbv gynvwm G fyj Kij Abvb gynvwm Zv mskvab KiQb| hgb, Bgvg
nvwKg Zvi gymZvìvK M wKQz Rvj nv`xm I AbK `yej nv`xmKI mnxn ejQb| Aciw`K Bgvg Bebyj RvIhx Zvi gvIh~AvZ
M AbK mnxn ev nvmvb nv`xmK Rvj ejQb| GRb Avwg mnxn, hqxd wbaviYi BRgv ev gynvwmMYi mgw^Z gZi Dci
wbfi Kivi Pv KiwQ| weklZ cvPxb I cieZx BgvgMYi gZi Dci wbfi KiwQ| hgb, Bgvg Avng`, eyLvix, gymwjg, wZiwghx,
Avey `vD`, bvmvC, Beby gvCb, Beby wnevb, Beby LyhvBgv, gybwhix, nvBmvgx, hvnvex, hvBjvqx, Beby nvRvi I Abvb Bgvg, ivwngvgyjv n|
GQvov eZgvb hyMi gynvwmMYi AvjvPbvi mvnvh MnY KiwQ|
mnxn eyLvix I mnxn gymwjgi nv`xmi Kvbv gZvgZ Ìqv eqvèx| GQvov mKj Mi nv`xm DZ Ki mv_
mv_ nv`xmwUi Aev jLvi Pv KiwQ| h nv`xmK gynvwmMY hqxd ejQb Zv G M DjL bv Kivi Pv KiwQ| KLbv DjL
Kij Zvi `yej Zvi K_v DjL KiwQ| c_gw`K Avwg wPv KiwQjvg, hqxd nv`xmK hqxd ej DjL Kie, evwK mnxn ev nvmvb
nv`xm mK wKQyB wjLe bv| KviY c_gB Zv ej w`qwQ, h mKj nv`xmK gynvwmMY mnxn ev nvmvb ej MY KiQb mwji
DciiB wbfi Kivi Pv Kie| wK KqK cwiQ` jLvi ci wmv wbjvg h, mnxn I nvmvb nv`xmi I gynvwmMYi
gZvgZ DjL Kie| hvZ cvVK wbqZv Abyfe KiZ cvib h, wZwb mnxn nv`xm Abymvi Kg KiQb; Zuvi KgwU Kvbv
AwbfihvM mbì Dci wbfikxj bq|
DjL h, nv`xmi mbì Aev, A_vr Zv mnxn, nvmvb ev hqxd Kvb& chvqi Zv Avwg KLbv g~j eBq nv`xmi ciB
DjL KiwQ| KLbv cvÙxKvq DjL KiwQ| cvVKK welqwUi w`K j ivLZ Abyiva KiwQ| nv`xmi ciB mbì welq
wKQz DjL bv _vKj cvÙxKvq Zv `LZ cveb Bbkv Avjvn| nv`xmi cvÙxKvq GK ev GKvwaK Mi DjL KiwQ, h mKj
M nv`xmwU msKwjZ ev AvjvwPZ nqQ| UxKvq DjwLZ Mv ejxi Kvbv Kvbv M nv`xmwUi mb` I mnxn-hqxd welqK
AvjvPbv AvQ| AvMnx cvVK Luy R `LZ cvib|
myc`vbi myweavi Rb Avwg whK&iwjZ bî c`vb KiwQ| evcK A_ `yAv, gybvRvZ, BmwZMdvi BZvw` meB whK&i|
GRb Avwg mewjKB whK&i wnme bi c`vb KiwQ|
whK&ii Avgvì AbZg mgmv DPviY I A_ eySv| mvaviY evOvwj gymwjgi Rb wefve Aviex DPviY KiZ
LyeB Amyweav nq| A_P we DPviY I A_ Abyaveb whK&ii mvIqve ARbi AbZg kZ| GRb cZK hvwKii `vwqZ h, me
nj wbR Aviex `L A_ev whwb we Aviex Rvbb Gic Ab Kviv mvnvh wbq we DPviY whK&iwj gyL Kiv| Avwg mKj
whK&ii evsjv Abyev` (A_) wjLwQ| cvVKK Abyiva Kie Abyev`mn whK&iwj gyL KiZ I whK&ii mgq gbK A_i mv_
AvjvwoZ KiZ|
GQvov whK&ii wbP Avwg Zvi evsjv DPviY wjLwQ| GB DPviY GKeviB Am~Y| GB DPviY aygv mnhvwMZvi
Rb| cZK hvwKii `vwqZ me nj wbR Aviex `L A_ev Ab Kviv mvnvh wbq we DPviY whK&iwj gyL Kiv|
8
Bmjvg mK evOvwj avwgK gymwjgi Pig Aenjvi AbZg cKvk h AMwYZ avwgK gymwjg KziAvb wZjvIqvZ
KiZ cvib bv ev Aviex DPviY Rvbb bv| Aviex DPviY mwVKfve bv Rvbj KvbvfveB cwZeYvqb ev evsjv DPviY c`vbi
gvag mwVKfve whK&i ev AvqvZ DPviY me bq| Kvbv whK&i ev `yAvi evsjv DPviY c`vb mvaviYZ wZKi| KviY evsjv
DPviYi Dci wbfiZv mvaviYZ fyj DPviY vqx Ki `q| Zv mI Avwg whK&i I `yAvwji evsjv DPviY wjLwQ, ay Ag
cvVKi mvgwqK mnhvwMZvi Rb| G DPviYK h_vme Kg fyji ga ivLvi Rb wbi welqwj Abyaveb cqvRb:
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Aviex DPviY evOvwji g~j mgmv wwea c_g mgmv Aviex fvlvq Ggb AbKwj eY ev awb AvQ hv evsjv fvlvq
bB| evOvwj cvVK Aviex awbi wbKUeZx evsjv awb w`q Aviex DPviY Kib| wZxq mgmv Aviex I Abvb AbK fvlvq `xN
îawb AvQ| evsjvq Kvbv `xN î awb bB| GRb Ab fvlvi `xN î DPviY evOvwj fyj Kib|
c_g mgmv I Zvi mgvavbi cPv
(1). AviexZ (m) ev (S) Gi KvQvKvwQ wZbU awb : ( )( )I ()( |)-Gi Rb Avwg me`v (m) eenvi KiwQ|
(jz ), (), (e) BZvw` ki ga (m)-i h DPviY mB DPviY KiZ ne| hgb : (myenv-bvjvn), (mvjv-g)
( )awb evsjvq bB| KvbvfveB Abykxjb Qvov evOvwj GB awb mwVKfve DPviY KiZ cvieb bv| Avwg mvaviYZ
()-Gi DPviYi Rb (^) eenvi KiwQ| AcviM cvVK (^)-K h_vme gvUv (mvqv) wnmve DPviY Kieb|
( )evOvwji Rb AZ KwVb awb| wRnvK `vZi AMfvMi wbP ùvZ _K wewQb iL ùvZ I wRnvi gvSLvb w`q
evZvm Qo w`j Gi DPviY nq| GB eYi Rb Avwg (m) eenvi Kivi Pv KiwQ|
(2). evsjvq (R) awbi Rb `ywU eY : (R) I (h) evOvwj G `ywUi ga Kvbv cv_K Kib bv| AviexZ Gi KvQvKvwQ
PvwiwU awb (), (), (), ( |)evOvwj G PvwiwU awbB fyj DPviY Kib| Avwg ()-Gi Rb (R) eenvi KiwQ| GB DPviY
BsiwR (J)-Gi gZv, Kov I k fve wRnvK gyLi gvSLvb Dcii Zvjyi KvQ wbq DPviY KiZ ne|
( )wZbwU awbi Rb (h) eenvi KiwQ, BsivwR (Z)- Gi gZv| wRnv ùvZi KvQ wbq DPviY KiZ ne|
GZ Aviex ()- DPviY wVK ne| evwK `ywU awbi DPviY Abykxjb Qvov wVK Kiv hvq bv|
(3). evsjvq (Z) GKwU, AviexZ `ywU ( |)Avwg `ywUi RbB (Z) eenvi KiwQ| ()-i Rb (Z)-Gi wbP `vM
Ìqvi Pv KiwQ|
(4). evsjvq (`) GKwU| AviexZ ( )evsjv (`) Gi gZv| GQvov ( )awbwUI AbKUv gvUv (`)-Gi gZv DPviY
Kiv nq| Avwg ( )Gi Rb (`) I ( )Gi Rb () eenvi KiwQ|
(5). AviexZ `ywU (K)| ()-Gi Rb (K) eenvi KiwQ| cvVK (K)-K h_vme Mjvi wfZi _K DPviY Kieb|
(6). Aviexi KwVb DPviYwji AbZg Mjvi wfZi _K DPvwiZ awbwj| hgb, ( )Gwji Rb Avwg
()-Gi Rb (n), ( )Gi Rb Av/B/ ev D eenvi KiwQ| cvVK hw` `Lb Kvbv eYi c~e Dv Kgv Zvnj eYwUK
h_vme Mjvi ga wbq DPviY Kieb| mevevq Abykxjb Qvov mwVK DPviY me bq|
w
w
.a
wZxq mgmv I mgvavbi Pv

`xN (B) eySvZ (C) ev ( x), `xN-D eySvZ (E) A_ev ( ~) Ges `xN (Av) eySvZ (-) eenvi KiwQ| cvVK Gw`K LyeB
Lqvj ivLeb| Avcbvi gvZfvlv hb Aviexi DPviY evav bv `q| evsjv `xN Kvii Kvbv DPviY bB| wK Aviex DPviYi
mgq AekB Ljvq ivLeb| hgb, (Avjv-n), (mvjv-g) (myenv-b )DPviY (-) Gi j AekB GKUz Uvbeb| (mye~b
Kzm~ by ) DPviY (e~) I (`~) Gi (D)-K `xN KiZ ne: (mye,eyDDb) (Kz``yDDmyb)| (jv- kvixKv jv) DPviYi mgq (jv-) Gi
Av I (ix)-Gi (B)-K `xNvwqZ KiZ ne| (jvAvAv kvwiBBKv)|
G RvZxq AviKwU mgmv nm| evsjvq Avgiv Kvj kwUi (j) awb `yBfve coZ cvwi : Kvj& AvRKvj, A_ev
Kvjv Kvj iO| Aviex ki evsjv DPviY wjLj welqwU mgmv mw Ki| Avwg AbK mgq nm eenvi KiwQ| Ze
mvaviYfve gb ivLZ ne Kvbv Ai AvKvi, IKvi, BZvw` _K gy _vKj Zv AekB nm ne, nm Ìqv _vK ev bv
_vK| KviY AviexZ (A-Kvi bB)| KvRB (myenv-bvjvn) jLv _vKj (mye&nv-bvjvn) coZ ne, (e)-Gi wbP nm _vK A_ev
bv _vK|
G mKj cPv mnvqK gv| hvwKi hw` Aviex DPviY bv Rvbb Zvnj AekB GKRb Aviex Rvbv gvbyli mvnvh wbq
wbRi DPviYwj wVK Ki wbeb| GKevi fyj gyL Kij ci wVK KiZ K nq|
AvMB ejwQ, eBwU wjLZ c_g ciYv w`qQb Avgvi gynZvivg ki dzidzivi cxi mvne| Avjvn `qv Ki ZuvK
mevg cyivi `vb Kib, ZuvK ndvhZ Kib, ZuvK my _K mwVKfve Bmjvgi L`gZi myhvM `vb Kib Ges `ywbqv I
AvwLivZi cwic~Y wbqvgZ `vb Kib| eBwU wjLZ hviv mnhvwMZv KiQb ev Drmvn c`vb KiQb mKjKB Avjvn Dg cyivi
c`vb Kib| eB wjLZ mePq ewk K w`qwQ I AwaKvi b KiwQ Avgvi cwievii m`mì| Avjvn ZuvìK `ywbqv I
AvwLivZi mevg cyivi `vb Kib|
mxwgZ mgq Ges Zvi PqI ewk mxwgZ hvMZv wbq jLv eBq fyjvw _vKeB| mKj fyjvwi Rb Avjvni KvQ
9
gv cv_bv KiwQ| cvVKK mwebq Abyiva KiwQ, h Kvbv cKvi fyjvw PvL coj AvgvK Rvbbvi Rb| Zvi G
m`q DcKvi Avwg KZ wP iY Kie Ges Avjvn ZuvK cwZ`vb wèb|
gnvb Avjvn Rvjv kvbyi ìevi mKvZi cv_bv KiwQ, wZwb `qv Ki G z` cPvUzKz Keyj Ki bb Ges GK Avgvi,
Avgvi wcZvgvZv, x-mvb I cwiRb I cvVKeMi bvRvZi Imxjv evwbq `b| Avgxb!
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avyjv n Rvnvxi
10
PZz_ msiYi f~wgKv
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
cksmv gnvb Avjvni I Zuvi gnvb ivm~ji Dci ì` I mvjvg|

Bmjvgi AbZg j ZvhwKqv ev AvZw| wkiK, Kzdi, wekvmi `yejZv, wnsmv, AnsKvi, AvZgywLZv, KcYZv, wbziZv, jvf,
va, c`kbQv, RMrgywLZv BZvw` evwa _K gvbexq AvZvK cwe Ki wekvmi MfxiZv, Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () cwZ Mfxi cg, mKj
gvbyli cwZ fvjevmv, AvwLivZgywLZv, webq, D`viZv, `vbkxjZv, `qv`Zv, m`vPviY BZvw` cwe Yvewj ARb Ki Avjvni ejvqvZ ev ezZ ARb
KivB gywgbi Rxebi AbZg j| ^fveZB mKj gymwjg Cgvb I ZvKIqvi chvq Abymvi G j Kgewk ARb Kib|
G j ARbi cwic~YZ
g Av`k gynvv`yi ivm~jyjv n ()| Zuvi Av`ki c~YZ
g AbymiY Ki ZvhwKqv I ejvqvZi
mevP wkLi AvivnY KiwQjb Zuvi mnPiMY| Zuvì AbyK
y iY-AbymiYi c~YZ
vi DciB wbfi Ki gywgbi ejvqvZi c~YZv|
AbyKiY-AbymiY AvswkK nj ZvhwKqv I ejvqvZi j ARbI AvswkK I Am~Y nZ eva|
mybv Zi evBi Bev`Z e`wM Keyj ne bv ej AbK nv`xm ejv nqQ| hwÌ cieZx AbK Avwjg Avkvm w`qQb
h, Ljvd mybv Z AbK KgB Avjvn Keyj Ki wekl mvIqve wèb, wK AbK gywgbi gb GZ ^w cvq bv| Zuviv mybv Zi
evBi hZ Pvb bv|
Yvqx G Rxeb| Bev`Z e`wM KZUzKBz ev KiZ cvwi| GB mvgvb KvRI hw` Avevi evwZj nq hvq Zvnj Zv Zv mxgvnxb
`yfv M| GRb Zuviv mnxn nv`xm viv cgvwYZ mybv Z mZ Avgj mK RvbZ AvMnx| Zuvì DkB KziAvb Kvixg, mybv Z ivm~j ()
I mybvZ mvnvevi AvjvK ejvqvZ I ZvhwKqvi cwiPq, Kg, cwZ I chvq mK AvjvPbvi Dk 2002 mvj ivn ejvqvZ eBwU
wjLwQjvg| c_g cKvki ci `yevi cybg`y Y Kiv nqQ| MZ KqK gvm hver eBwU evRvi bB| AbK AvMnx cvVK Uwjdvb I gyL
evisevi eBwU mK ZvMv`v w`qQb| Zuvì Abyivai wfwZ Gevi m~Y bZzbfve eBwU Qvcv njv| ek wKQz welq bZzb mshvRb Kiv
nqQ| GQvov mvgwMK webvm cwigvRb I cwieab Kiv nqQ|
eBwUi mskvab hviv civgk I Drmvn c`vb KiQb Zvì mKjK Avjvn mevg cyivi `vb Kib Ges Avgvì bMY Kg
Keyj Ki wbb|
Avjvni gnvb ivm~ji Dci, Zuvi cwievi-eskai Ges Zuvi mxMYi Dci AMwYZ mvjvZ I mvjvg| iZ I kl mKj mgq
mKj cksmv RMZmg~ni cvjbKZv gnvb Avjvni wbwg|
Avyjv n Rvnvxi
l msiYi f~wgKv
w
w
.a
ss
Avj-nvg`y wjjvwnjvwh wewbgvwZnx ZvwZym ^vwjnvZ| cksmv AvjvniB hvi wbqvgZ fvj Kgjv c~YZv jvf Ki|
mvjvZ I mvjvg gynvv` ()-Gi Dci Ges Zuvi cwiRb, mnPi I Abymvixì Dci|
1423 wnRixi kvIqvj gvm (wWmî 2002) ivn ejvqvZ c_g Qvcv nq| `k ermi ci m~Y bZzb AvwK eBwU
cKvk KiZ ci gnvb Avjvni ìevi nvg`, mvbv I KZZv vcb KiwQ|
cg gvbe `qi LvivK I Rxebi cv_q| gvbyli cg ARb KKi| cvi gnvb Avjvni cg ARb LyeB mnR|
wZwb gvbylK mngqx gvqi PqI AwaK fvjevmb, mnRB gv Kib I Lywk nb| gvbyli mv_ cgi Avb` Ac~Y I
fRvjc~Y| cvi gnvb cfiy mv_ cg gvbyli `q Avb wbfRvj, cwic~Y I wPivqx Avb`, hv cvw_e Rxebi KwVbZg
gyn~ ZI `qi ckvwK vqx Ki|
gnvb Avjvni G cg Ges ejvqvZ ARb gvbe Rxebi mePq mnR KvR| KviY, cw_exZ h Kvbv Kg mdjZvi
Rb hvMZvi cqvRb, wK gnvb Avjvni ejvqvZ jvfi Rb Kvbv hvMZvi cqvRb nq bv| gnvb Avjvn hvK hZUzKz
hvMZv w`q mw KiQb mUzKiz ga mvavbymvi Pv Ki h Kvbv gvbyl Avjvni ejvqvZ jvf KiZ cvib| GKRb
mywkwZ gvbyli KvweK cv_bv Ges GKRb Mvg A_e evKcwZexi A cv_bv Avjvni KvQ mgvb ghv`vi AwaKvix|
mvwbZ cvVK, Avgiv `Le h, Cgvb I ZvKIqvi gvag gnvb Avjvni ejvqvZ AwRZ nq| Cgvb I ZvKIqvi c~YZ
vi ev
Avjvni ejvqvZi mywbw` gvcKvwV iqQ, hv w`q Avcwb Avcbvi ejvqvZ gvcZ cvieb| Cgvbi c~YZ
vi gvb` myì AvPib|
nv`xmi fvlvq: gywgbì ga m-B Cgvb c~YZ
g hvi AvPiY myì Ges Zvgvì ga m-B k h Zvi x-cwievii mv_ mevg
AvPiY Ki| Avi ZvKIqvi gvcKvwV mvewYK Avjvni gyivKvev| nv`xmi fvlvq: ev`v hLb Avjvni gvne~e nq hvq ZLb Zvi PvL,
Kvb, nvZ I cv gnvb iei wb`kbv jvf Ki| Avjvni Bev`Z Kiv hb Zzwg ZvK `LQ; KviY, Zzwg ZvK bv `LjI wZwb ZvgvK
`LQb| Avcbvi ejvqvZi chvq RvbZ wbgi `ywU Aev weePbv Kib:
(K) Avcwb ejvqvZi c_i cw_K| GRb dih-bdj Bev`Z e`wM Kib| AbK ^c, Kvkd ev nvjZ Avcwb jvf Kib|
Ze Avcwb gvbyli mv_ `ye envi Af| KvDK AvPiYi K w`Z Avcbvi K nq bv| gvbyli n b KiZ I Abvb cvc I mybv Z
weivax KvR KiZ Avcbvi nvZ, cv, PvL, Kvb ev gb-gMR Avo nq bv| wec` Avc` Avcbvi `q Akv nq hvq| Avb` I wec`
KZZv, AvKzwZ I Ave`bi Rb Avjvn Qvov Abi K_v Avcbvi `q RvMiK nq|
(L) Avcwb mKj gvbyli mv_ I cwievii m`mì mv_ myì AvPiY Af| gvbyli mv_ Lvivc AvPiY Kij Avcbvi
LyeB K nq| QvU-eo h Kvbv cvci KvR Avcbvi nvZ, cv, PvL, Kvb Avo nq| me`v Avcwb Abyfe Kib h, gnvb Avjvn
AvcbvK Ges Avcbvi `qi MvcbZg wPv `LQb| Avb`, K, wbqvgZ I gywmeZ me`v Avjvni ingZ I mvnPhi Abyf~wZ
Avcbvi `qK DvwmZ Ki ivL| DrKv-`ywv Avcbvi `qK AvQb KiZ cvi bv| h Kvbv wbqvgZ Avjvni cwZ KZZv I
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
11
h Kvbv K ay ZuviB KvQ AvKzwZi AveM Avcbvi gbK AvjvwoZ Ki|
mvwbZ cvVK Avcbvi Aev hw` c_g chvqi nq Ze Avcwb wbwZ nvb h, Avcwb ejvqvZi mwVK c_ PjQb bv|
meZ mybv Zi ewZg c_ Avcwb ejvqvZ ARbi Pv KiQb| Avi hw` Avcwb wZxq Aev ARb Ki _vKb Ze gnvb
Avjvni ìevi KZZv cKvk Kib h, Avcwb mwZKvii ejvqvZi c_ Pjvi ZvIdxK cqQb| meZ Avcwb gvmb~b
cwZZ ejvqvZi c_ Pjvi ZvIdxK cqQb| Avi ejvqvZi gvmb~b cwZB ivn ejvqvZ eBqi GKgv AvjvP|
ivn ejvqvZ-Gi welqe cuvPwU Aavq wef wQj| Gevi bZzb `ywU Aavq mshvRb Ki Mw UK mvZ Aavq wef Kiv
nqQ| mKj AavqB Kgewk cwieZb, mskvab ev mshvRb Kiv nqQ| wekl Ki mvjvZ I ejvqvZ bvg bZzb GKwU Aavq
ZZxq Aavq wnme mshvRb Kiv nqQ| G Aavq mvjvZ welqK ivn ejvqvZi c~ee Zx msiYi whKi I `yAvjvi mv_ Aviv
wKQz whKi I `yAv mshvRb Kiv nqQ Ges mnxn nv`xmi AvjvK mvjvZ Av`vqi gvmb~b cwZ AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ|
ivMevwa I SvoduK
y wkivbvgi l AavqwU m~Y bZzb mshvRb| ivMevwa Rxebi mv_ AweQ`fve RwoZ|
`xNw`b hveZ AMwYZ cvVK wewfbfve Zvì wewfb mgmv, ivMevwa, wec`vc` BZvwì Rb mybv ZmZ `yAv whKi I wPwKrmv
cwZ RvbZ PvQb| KviY ZvexR-KeR BZvwì wkiK mK AbK AvwjgB K_v ejQb| Avwg Avgvi Bmjvgx AvKx`v MI
G welq AvjvPbv KiwQ| cvVKMY ZvweR-KeR eRb KiZ Pvb| wK weK mybv Z cwZ Zv Zvì RvbZ ne| Avi GRbB
G AavqwU m~Y bZzb mshvRb Kiv njv| gnvb Avjvni KvQ Avgiv mKvZi `yAv Kwi, wZwb hb G mKj mybvZ-wb`wkZ `yAv I
Svoduy Ki eenviKvixìK cwic~Y DcKvi I KjvY c`vb Kib|
AbK Avwjg cvVK AvgvK Abyiva KiQb wmnvn wmvi nv`xmjvi evsjv`k cPwjZ fviZxq msiYi
Z_m~ c`vb KiZ| GRb G msiY wmnvn wmvi nv`xmjvi Z_m~ c`vbi c_g Aavq (wKZve) I cwiQì
(eve) DjL KiwQ| Gici Aviexq gy`Yi L I cv bî Ges mekl ebxi ga (fv) A_ev (fviZxq) wjL fviZxq msiYi
L I cv bî DjL KiwQ|
DjL h, Avwg ivn ejvqvZ iPbvq h mKj Mi Dci wbfi KiwQjvg mjvi wevwiZ Z_ eBqi kl McwZ
DjL KiwQ| M jv g~jZ Avgvi wbR^ MvMvi wQj| GLb mjv Avm-mybv n Uv-Gi Mv Mvi msiwZ| eZgvb AvjgvKZvevZzk kvwgjv bvgK BjKUwbK jvBewi AvwjgMYi ga mycwiwPZ| eZgvb msiY bZzb Z_vwì AbK mgq kvwgjvi ga we`gvb Mjvi Dci wbfi KiwQ| AvMnx cvVK Kvbv Z_ hvPvB KiZ PvBj kvwgjvi mvnvh wbZ cvieb|
c_g msiYi f~wgKvq DjL KiwQ h, nv`xmi weZv I MnYhvMZv welq Avwg c~ee Zx gynvwmMYi gZi Dci
wbfi KiwQ| G msiYi Z_m~ I cvÙxKv mskvab I cwigvRb KiZ hq KqKwU nv`xmi MnYhvMZv mK bZzb Z_ I
wfbgZ mshvRb KiwQ|
G msiY wewfb Aavq, weklZ mvjvZ I ejvqvZ kxlK ZZxq Aavq wdKn welqK wKQz weZK mybvZi AvjvK
msc chvjvPbv KiwQ| ejvqvZ ev gnvb Avjvni cg I bKUi c_ cwZeKZv `~i KivB Dk| KviY, `qK
welgy Kiv I mKj gywgbK mybv Zi AvjvK fvjevmv Avjvni ejvqvZ jvfi AbZg Dcvq| wK Avgiv `LwQ h, AbK
`xb`vi gvbyl G mKj wdKnx gZfì KviY `qK wel-hy KiQb Ges ZvInx` I mybvZi Abymvix gymwjgMY GK AciK
fvjevmvi e`j wel KiQb|
mvwbZ cvVK, gymwjg Dvni ga we`gvb wefw I nvbvnvwb gB evoQ| Avwjg-Djvgv I `xb`vi gywgbì ga wel I
`~iZ evcK _K evcKZi nQ| G myhvM Lvb cPviKMY jj gymwjgK agvwiZ KiQb| Kvw`qvbx, evnvqx, wkqv I Abvb
mc`vq Zvì cPviYv eY evwoq w`qQb| my wkiK, Kzdi, nvivg I weÀvZ wj gvbyliv `xbi bvg gvbylìK wev
KiQb| G mgq we mybvZ wfwK Rxeb MVb Ges DvZi Avfixb fvjevmv I vZZ msiY `ywU AvcZ`wZ ciiweivax
jK GK GwMq wbq hvIqv LyeB KwVb welq| RvMwZK wePvi G welq mdjZvi mvebv LyeB Kg| Ze gnvb Avjvni ìevi
KzewjqvZi AvkvUzKz gywgbi `qi m^j| Avgvi mxwgZ vb wbgi welqwjK iZcY~ ej gb KiwQ:
c_gZ: gymwjg Dvni mKj wefw, `jv`wj I SMovi AbZg KviY mybv Z ev` w`q ay `jxj-Gi Dci wbfiZv|
cZKB KziAvb-nv`xm _K cQ`gZ `jxj ck Kib| wK h welq `jxj ck KiQb m welqwU cvjbi ivm~jjy vn
I mvnvexMYi Kg, cwZ, ixwZ ev mybv Z Kx wQj, Zuviv wKfve G `jxjwU eySQb I cvjb KiQb Zv weePbv KiQb bv| Avgiv
hw` `jxji cvkvcvwk mybv Z weePbv Kwi Ze DvZi wefw I nvbvnvwb hgb AbK Kg hve, Zgwb Avgvì `qjv
AKviY wel I weiwi gqjv-AveRbv _K gy ne| AvKx`v, Avgj, `vIqvZ, wRnv`, whKi, wZjvIqvZ, ì`, mvjvg, gxjv`,
wKqvg, ZixKv, ZvmvDd mKj welqwU GKBfve chvR| ivn ejvqvZ-Gi g~j DkB `jxji mv_ mybvZi mg^q|
wZxqZ: DvZi wefw I nvbvnvwbi Ab AviKwU KviY mybvZ, Ljvd mybv Z I weÀvZ-Gi ga we`gvb
cv_Ki w`K j bv ivLv| AbK mgq Avgiv mybvZi ewZg ev Ljvd mybvZ KgK Rvqh cgvY KiZ hq ZvK
mybv Zi Pq Dg evwbq dwj| Avevi KLbv mybv ZK iZ w`Z hq mybv Zi ewZg mKj KgK weÀvZ ej `vwe Kwi|
eZ ivm~jjy v n Ges Zuvici Zuvi mvnvexMY h Kg hfve KiQb mfve Zv KivB mybv Z| mybv Zi ewZg njB Zv weÀvZ
nq bv| mybv Zi ewZg Kg ev cwZK `xb evbvj Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ nq| A_vr mybv Zi ewZg Kg ev cwZ cvjb bv
Kij Bev`Z Ac~Y _vK, mybv Zi ewZg Kg ev cwZi ga wekl mvIqve, eiKZ ev ejvqvZ AvQ ej gb Kij ev
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
12
mybv Zi ewZg KgK `xbi ixwZZ cwiYZ Kij Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ nq|
mvjvZ, wmqvg, whKi, `yAv, ì`, mvjvg, `vIqvZ, wRnv` BZvw` `xbi mKj welq Kg I KgcwZZ Avgiv G weZK
`LZ cvB| KD mybv Zi ewZg Kg, evK ev cwZK Rvhq cgvb KiZ hq gvmb~b Kg, evK ev cwZK Aev ev
Aeg~jvqb KiQb| KD mybvZi ewZgK Abyg ejZ hq mewKQzKB bv-Rvqh ev weÀvZ ej gb KiQb| Avi Gfve
cvwKZv, wefw I wel Rvi`vi nQ| Avgiv ivn ejvqvZ-G G cvwKZv `~i KiZ Pv KiwQ|
ZZxqZ: DvZi wefwi AviKwU KviY mybv Z-mZ gZf` AcmviY Kiv `xbi Rb KjvYKi gb Kiv| h mKj
welq mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi gZf` we`gvb wQj m mKj welq gZf` we`gvb _vKvB mybvZ| Gjv mvaviYZ wdKnx I gvhnvex
gZf` wnme cwiwPZ| G mKj welq mvnvex-Zvweqx I cwm gyRZvwn` BgvgMY Kvbv GKwU gZK Dg ej MnY KiQb,
wK KLbvB ewZg gZK evwZj ejvi ev ewZg gZi AbymvixK wev ej MY Kivi Pv Kib wb| KvRB G RvZxq
gZfì mybvZi wb`kbv gZf` gb bIqv, wbRi ev wbfihvM Avwjgi BRwZnv`K Dg ejv Ges Ab gZi mvb
Kiv| mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi hyMi cgvwYZ G mKj welqi KviY KvDK evwZjcx ej MY Kiv A_ev gZf` wgwUq mKjK
GKgZ KivK `xb gb Kiv weÀvZ| Avgiv KLbv mnxn nv`xm AbymiYi bvg Ges KLbv gvhnve AbymiYi bvg G AcivawU
KiwQ|
Avgiv Rvwb, cPjbi ARynvZ mybv ZK A^xKvi Kiv mwVK bq| Kvbv mgvR hw` Ggb Kvbv Kg cPwjZ _vK hv
mybv Z beex ev mybv Z mvnvev viv cgvwYZ bq Ze mgvRi cPjb A_ev AMwYZ eyRy Mi Avgji ARynvZ Zv envj ivLv Ges G
welqK mybv Z cwZK wbirmvwnZ Kiv fqi Abvq| GZ G mKj Avgji mybv Z cwZK nZv Kiv nq|
wK h mKj welq GKvwaK mybv Z we`gvb m welqwU Ab iKg| m cPjbK iZ c`vb KivB mvnvex-Zvweqx I
Zvwe-ZvweqxMYi ixwZ| Gic welq gZf` Dg-Abyg ev AwaK MnYhvMZv wbq| G wfbgZK evwZj ejv hvq bv| mgvR
cPwjZ KgwUi c hw` ivm~jjy v n ev mvnvexMYi Kvbv mybvZ cgvwYZ _vK Ze D AvgjK evwZj ej mgvR AwiZv Zwi Kiv
Abvq| Kviv KvQ Ab gZ AwaKZi kwkvjx ej cgvY nj wZwb Zv cvjb Kieb, ZvK AwaKZi MnYhvM ejeb, Ze mgvR
cPwjZ KgwUK wfwnxb ejv KLbvB DwPZ bq| GZ mybv Zi ARynvZ DvZi ga mybvn-wbwl nvbvnvwb, wel I wefw Avg`vwb
Kiv nq|
cPjbi ARynvZ mybvn mZ AcPwjZ gZ ev KgwUi cwZ Aev cvlY GKBic Abvq| mgvR cPwjZ mybv ZwUi
wecixZ mnxn mybvZK Aev Kivi A_ ivm~jyjv n -Gi cgvwYZ mybvZK Aev Kiv Ges Zuvi ci Zuvi h mKj mvnvex, Zvweqx,
Zvwe-Zvweqx I eyRMy mvjd mvwjnxb G mKj mybv Z cvjb KiQb ZuvìKI NYv I Aev Kiv| cw_exZ GKgv gynvv` K-B gnvb Avjvn G ghv`v `vb KiQb h, Zuvi cwZwU KgB weki KD bv KD cvjb KiQb| GwU gynvv` -Gi gywRhv Ges
Bmjvgi ckZv| GwUK msKxYZv I wefwZ icvi Kiv `yfvMRbK|
Avwg Avgvi mKj iPbv I ee G welqjvK mvgb ivLvi h_vmva Pv KiwQ| ivn ejvqvZi AbK cvVK evievi
wKQz wdKnx weZK mK AvgvK ck KiQb| mvaviY mvjvZ, mvjvZzj Rvbvhv, mvjvZzj weZi, weZii KzbyZ, KzbyZ bvhjv,
KziAvb wZjvIqvZi Rb Ih~, Mvmj, mvR`vq KziAvbi `yAv ev gvZfvlvq `yAv cvV BZvw` AbK welq nv`xmi wb`kbvi welq
Zuviv wavw^Z nq AbK ck KiQb| Dcii g~jbxwZi AvjvK ivn ejvqvZ-Gi welqei mxgveZvi ga G msiY Avwg
G mKj welq msc AvjvPbv Kivi Pv KiwQ|
G M AMwYZ Bgvg, dKxn I eyRy Mi bvg evievi jLv nqQ| cZKi bvgi mv_ me (ivwngvjvn) jLv nq wb|
me Zv jLv Zvweqx-Zvwe-Zvweqx hyMi Avwjgì ixwZI bq| Ze covi mgq cZKi bvgi mv_B ingZi `yAv KiZ fyjeb
bv|
mvwbZ cvVK, gnvb Avjvni ejvqvZ I cg ARb gvbe Rxebi mePq mnR A_P mePq eo ARb| Rxebi mKj
jB e_Zvi mvebv cPiz , wK gnvb Avjvni ejvqvZ ARbi j e_Zvi KvbvB mvebv bB| gywgb mvavbymvi hvB
Kieb ZvZB wZwb cwic~Y dj I mvIqve jvf Kieb| mvwbZ cvVK, Avmyb bv, gnvb iei ejvqvZ I cg ARbK wbRì
Rxebi j wnme MnY Kwi Ges G j ARb ivm~jjy v n I mvnvexMYi cwZ AbymiY Kivi Rb Pv Kwi| Avgiv Avjvni
KvQ `yAv Kwi, wZwb Avgvì mKji `qK Zuvi cg I ingZ c~Y Ki w`b| Avgxb|
Avyjv n Rvnvxi
Contents
13
m~Pxc
.c
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
1. 1. ejvqvZ I Ijx /35

1. 2. Imxjvn /36
1. 3. ejvqvZ I AvZw /44
1. 4. whK&i, ejvqvZ I AvZw /45
1. 5. whK&ii cwiPq AZv /46
1. 6. KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK whK&i /48
1. 6. 1. Avjv ni AvbyMZg~jK Kg I eRb /48
1. 6. 2. mvjvZ Avjv ni whK&i /51
1. 6. 3. mKvj-weKvj Avjvni bvgi whK&i /52
1. 6. 4. nR Avjvni whK&i /53
1. 6. 5. Iqvh-bmxnZ Avjv ni whK&i /53
1. 5. 6. KziAvb Avjvni whK&i I Avjv ni bvgi whK&i /55
1. 6. 7. Avjv ni bvg Avew ev Rc Kivi whK&i /56
1. 7. whK&i ebvg gvmb~b whK&i /56
1. 7. 1. c Ren Kivi mgq Avjvni bvgi whK&i /57
1. 7. 2. evwoZ cek I Lv` MnYi mgq Avjv ni whK&i /58
1. 7. 3. mvjvZi iZ Avjvni bvgi whK&i /59
1. 7. 4. AvBqvg ZvkixK Avjvni whK&i /59
1. 8. Rvqh, mybv Z, Ljvd mybv Z I weÀvZ /60
1. 8. 1. mybv Z /60
1. 8. 2. Ljvd mybv Z /61
1. 8. 3. weÀvZ /61
1. 8. 4. mybv Z-gy `jxj-B weÀvZi wfw /62
1. 8. 5. Dveb I weÀvZ ebvg wKqvm I BRwZnv` /64
1. 8. 6. k ebvg evK /67
1. 9. Avjv ni whK&ii mvaviY dhxjZ /69
1. 10. wekl whK&ii wekl dhxjZ /80
1. 11. gvmb~b whK&ii kYxwefvM /80
1. 12. GKZ, cweZv, cksmv I kZi whKi /81
1. 12. 1. Avjv ni Bev`Zi GKZ cKvkK evKvw` /81
whK&i bs 1, 2, 3 /81-84
1. 12. 2. Avjv ni cksmv vcK evKvw` /85
whK&i bs 4 /85
1. 12. 3. Avjvni cweZv vcK evKvw` /85
whK&i bs 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 /85
1. 12. 4. Avjvni kZ vcK evKvw` /86
whK&i bs 10 /86
1. 12. 5. gvbe Rxeb G mKj whK&ii cfve /86
1. 12. 6. whK&iwj mvewYK cvjbi dhxjZ I wb`k /87
1. 12. 7. evcK A_i wekl whK&i /91
whK&i bs 11, 12 /91-92
1. 12. 8. wbw` msLvq whKi Av`vqi dhxjZ I wb`k /93
1. 13. wbfiZv vcK whKi /95
whK&i bs 13 /95
1. 14. gv cv_bvi whKi /96
1. 14. 1. BwMdvii g~jbxwZ /97
1. 14. 1. 1. ZvIev ebvg BmwZMdvi /97
1. 14. 1. 2. mwi cwZ Abvqi ZvIev /98
1. 14. 1. 3. mKj cvcB eo /100
1. 14. 2. KqKwU gvmb~b BmwZMdvi /100
whK&i bs 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 /101
1. 14. 3. ZvIev-BwMdvii dhxjZ I wb`kbv /102
1. 14. 4. wcZvgvZv I mKj gymwjgi Rb BwMdvi /104
om
c_g Aavq: ejvqvZ, Imxjvn I whK&i /35-240
Contents
om
.c
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
1. 15. `yAv ev cv_bv vcK whK&i /105

1. 15. 1. `yAvi cwiPq I dhxjZ /105
1. 15. 2. Aea Lv` eRb `yAv Keyji c~ek Z /111
1. 15. 2. 1. nvjvj DcvRb ebvg nvivg DcvRb /111
1. 15. 2. 2. mgvR cPwjZ wewfb nvivg DcvRb /113
1. 15. 3. bvqi Av`k I Abvqi wbla /121
1. 15. 4. `yAvi KwZcq gvmb~b wbqg I Avè /122
1. 15. 4. 1. mybv Zi AbymiY /122
1. 15. 4. 2. me`v `yAv Kiv /122
1. 15. 4. 3. ewk Ki PvIqv /123
1. 15. 4. 4. ayB gj Kvgbv /123
1. 15. 4. 5. djvdji Rb e bv nIqv /124
1. 15. 4. 6. gbvhvM I Keyji `p Avkv /125
1. 15. 4. 7. wbRi Rb wbR `yAv Kiv /126
1. 15. 4. 8. Abi Rb `yAvi iZ wbRi Rb `yAv /127
1. 15. 4. 9. AbycwZì Rb `yAv Kiv /127
1. 15. 4. 10. Avjv ni bvg I Bmg Avhgi Imxjvq `yAv /129
whK&i bs 19, 20, 21, 22 /130-133
1. 15. 4. 11. `yAvi iZ I kl ì` cvV /135
1. 15. 4. 12. Bqv hvj Rvjvwj Iqvj BKivg ejv /135
whK&i bs 23 /135
1. 15. 4. 13. gybvRvZ kl wbw` evK me`v ejv /135
1. 15. 4. 14. `yAv Keyji Aev wji cwZ j ivLv /137
1. 15. 4. 15. evievi PvIqv ev wZbevi PvIqv /137
1. 15. 4. 16. `yAvi mgq wKejvgyLx nIqv /137
1. 15. 4. 17. `yAvi mgq nvZ DVvbv /139
1. 15. 4. 18. `yAvi kl gyLgj gvQv /142
1. 15. 4. 19. `yAvi mgq kvnv`Z Avywji Bkviv /143
1. 15. 4. 20. `yAvi mgq `w bZ ivLv /144
1. 15. 4. 21. `yAvi mv_ Avgxb ejv /144
1. 15. 5. ay Avjvni KvQB PvIqv /145
1. 15. 5. 1. jwKK I AjwKK cv_bv /145
1. 15. 5. 2. jwKK cv_bv jvKi KvQ Kiv hvq /146
1. 15. 5. 3. AbycwZi KvQ jwKK cv_bv wkiK /148
1. 15. 5. 4. jwKK-AjwKK mKj cv_bv Avjvni KvQ /149
1. 15. 6. `yAv Keyji mgq I vb /152
1. 15. 6. 1. ivZ, weklZ kl ivZ /152
1. 15. 6. 2. cuvP Iqv dih mvjvZi ci /157
1. 15. 6. 3. Avhvb I BKvgZi gaeZx mgq /157
1. 15. 6. 4. wRnvì gq`vb hy PjvKvjxb mgq /158
1. 15. 6. 5. `yAv Keyji Abvb mgq /158
1. 15. 6. 6. mvjvZi ga `yAv /158
1. 15. 6. 7. evii wekl gynZ
~ /158
1. 15. 6. 8. `yAv Keyji v b welq nv`xmi ggevYx /159
1. 15. 7. Avjvni KvQ cv _bv cwiZvMi cwiYvg /161
1. 15. 7. 1. Avjvni whK&ii KviY `yAv cwiZvM /161
whK&i bs 24, 25, 26 /162-164
1. 15. 7. 2. ZvIqvzj Ki `yAv cwiZvM /164
1. 15. 8. Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv KvQ `yAv /166
1. 15. 8. 1. Avjvn Qvov Kviv KvQ cv _bvB wkiKi g~j /166
1. 15. 8. 2. wdwikZv, bex I Ijxì wbKU cv_bvi `jxj /168
1. 15. 8. 3. mvaviY nvRZ ebvg eo nvRZ /170
1. 15. 8. 4. gymwjg mgvRi `yAv Kw`K wkiK /171
1. 16. ivm~jjy v ni mvjvZ-mvjvg vcK whKi /173
1. 16. 1. mvjvZ I mvjvg : A_ I Awfew /173
14
Contents
om
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
1. 16. 2. KziAvb Kixg mvjvZ /174

whK&i bs 27, 28, 29 /176-177
1. 16. 3. nv`xm kixd mvjvZ I mvjvg /178
1. 16. 3. 1. mvjZ cvVi iZ I dhxjZ /179
whK&i bs 30, 31, 32 /182-190
1. 16. 3. 2. mvjvg cvVi iZ I dhxjZ /191
1. 16. 3. 3. mvjvgi gvmb~b evK /192
1. 16. 3. 4. mvjvZ I mvjvgi evKvewji iciLv /192
1. 16. 4. mvjvZ bv covi cwiYwZ /195
1. 17. Avjvni Kvjvg cvVi whK&i /198
1. 17. 1. KziAvbx whK&ii wekl dhxjZ /199
1. 17. 2. KziAvb wkvi dhxjZ /200
1. 17. 3. KziAvb wZjvIqvZi dhxjZ /205
1. 17. 4. we wZjvIqvZ Acwinvh /209
1. 17. 5. ivm~jjy v n ()-Gi wZjvIqvZ cwZ /210
1. 17. 6. KziAvbi A_ wPv I `qg Kivi dhxjZ /212
1. 17. 7. KziAvb AvjvPbv I MelYvi dhxjZ /214
1. 17. 8. KziAvb keYi dhxjZ /215
1. 17. 9. KziAvbi gvbyl nIqvi dhxjZ /216
1. 17. 10. KziAvb eyS ev bv eyS covi ARvwPZ weZK /219
1. 17. 11. KziAvb wZjvIqvZi Avè I wbqg /229
1. 18. whKi welqK KqKwU weavb /230
1. 18. 1. whKi MYbv I Zvmexn-gvjv cm /230
1. 18. 2. me`v Avjvni whK&i KiZ ne /233
1. 18. 3. KziAvb wZjvIqvZi Rb Ih~ I Mvmj /234
1. 18. 4. mvR`vq KziAvbi `yAv cvV /238
1. 18. 5. gvZfvlvq whKi I `yAv cvV /239
15
wZxq Aavq: ejvqvZi c_ whKii mv_ /241-336
w
w
.a
ss
2. 1. we Cgvb /241
2. 1. 1. ZvInxì Cgvb /241
2. 1. 2. wimvjvZi Cgvb /243
2. 2. dih I bdj Bev`Z cvjb /249
2. 3. Kexiv Mvbvn eRb /251
2. 3. 1. nzjv n welqK Kexiv bvnmg~n /252
2. 3. 2. mwi AwaKvi msv Kexiv Mvbvnmg~n /253
2. 4. Avjvni c_i cw_Kì cvc /257
2. 4. 1. wkiK, Kzdi I wbdvK /258
2. 4. 1. 1. wkiK-Kzdii ewkvewj /258
2. 4. 1. 2. mgvR cPwjZ wKQz wkiK-Kzdi /259
2. 4. 2. weÀvZ /263
2. 4. 3. Anvi ev ZvKveyi /267
2. 4. 4. wnsmv, wel I NYv /270
2. 4. 5. Abvqi NYv Kiv ebvg wnsmv I AnsKvi /272
2. 4. 6. mwi AwaKvi ev cvIbv b Kiv /274
2. 4. 7. MxeZ ev ciwb`v Kiv ev kvbv /275
2. 4. 8. bvgxgvn ev PvMjLyix /279
2. 4. 9. c`kbQv I mvbi AvMn /280
2. 4. 10. SMov-ZK /282
2. 5. whK&ii cwZeKZv AcmviY /283
2. 6. AvZwg~jK gvbwmK I `wnK Kg /285
2. 6. 1. RvMwZK Rxebi AvwqZ iY /285
2. 6. 2. mwi KjvY iZ _vKv /287
2. 6. 3. wnsmv-gy KjvY Kvgbv /287
Contents
om
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
2. 6. 4. AvZwbqY I ahaviY /289

2. 6. 5. nZvkv eRb I Avjv ni cwZ my-aviYv /292
2. 6. 6. KZZv I mw /295
2. 6. 7. wbjvfZv /297
2. 6. 8. myì AvPiY /299
2. 6. 9. bdj wmqvg I bdj `vb /301
2. 7. Avjvni cg I Avjv ni Rb cg /301
2. 7. 1. Avjv n I Zuvi ivm~ji () cg /302
2. 7. 2. Avjv ni Rb cg /304
2. 7. 3. fvjevmvi gvcKvwV ivm~jjy v n () /305
2. 7. 4. Avjvni Rb fvjevmv-B Cgvb /305
2. 7. 5. fvjevmvZ Cgvbi gRv /306
2. 7. 6. A Avgj AwaK ghv`v /306
2. 7. 7. Avjvni cg I Qvqv jvf /307
2. 7. 8. Cgvbx cgi Aivq /308
2. 8. mvnPh I ezZ /313
2. 9. fvjevmv, mvnPh I cxi-gywi`x /317
2. 10. fvjevmv, wkv I `yAvi Rb mvvr /319
2. 11. whK&ii Avè /321
2. 11. 1. whwKii Ihxdv Zwi Kiv /321
2. 11. 2. Ihxdv b bv Kiv /323
2. 11. 3. whK&i gbvhvM /323
2. 11. 4. gbvhvMi DcKiY: mybv Z ebvg weÀvZ /324
2. 11. 5. emv, kqb, GKvwKZ I cweZv /329
2. 11. 6. whK&i iZ Aevq wewfb Kg /330
2. 11. 7. DPviY I keY /330
2. 11. 8. wbtk ev g`y k whK&i Kiv /330
2. 11. 9. nvbvdx gvhnve Rvi whK&i weÀvZ /331
2. 11. 10. cieZx hyM Rvi whK&i-Gi cPjb I mg_b /332
16
ZZxq Aavq: mvjvZ I ejvqvZ /337-444
w
w
.a
ss
3. 1. mvjvZi msw weavb I wbqg /337

3. 1. 1. mvjvZi iZ /337
3. 1. 2. Avjvni whwKii Rb mvjvZ /339
3. 1. 3. mvjvZi msw cwZ /341
3. 1. 4. KqKwU wdKnx gZf` I weÀvZ SMov /348
3. 2. mvjvZB k whKi, gybvRvZ I `yAv /350
3. 3. mvjvZi c~e I mvjvZi Rb /355
3. 3. 1. Bwvi whK&i /355
whK&i bs 33, 34 /355-356
3. 3. 2. Ihy I Mvmji whK&i /357
whK&i bs 35-39 /357-361
3. 3. 3. Avhvb I BKvgZ /361
whK&i bs 40-45 /362-368
3. 4. mvjvZi whKi /368
3. 4. 1. mvbv I wZjvIqvZKvjxb whK&i /368
whK&i bs 46-50 /368-373
3. 4. 2. iKzi whKi /374
whK&i bs 51-58 /374-379
3. 4. 3. mvR`vi whKi /379
whK&i bs 59-64 /379-382
3. 4. 4. Zvkvn&n`~ I eVKi whKi /382
whK&i bs 65-72 /382-389
Contents
om
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
3. 5. dih I bdj mvjvZ /390

3. 5. 1. mybv Z-bdj mvjvZ evwoZ Av`vq /390
3. 5. 2. mybv Z mvjvZ I mbv Z cwZ /393
3. 5. 3. dih mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq /402
3. 5. 4. evwo-gmwR` MgbvMgbi whKi /406
whK&i bs 73-81 /406-411
3. 5. 5. RvgvZ mvjvZi KwZcq AenwjZ mybvZ /411
3. 6. mvjvZzj weZi /413
3. 6. 1. mvjvZzj weZi-Gi ivKAvZ I cwZ /413
whK&i bs 82, 83 /417
3. 6. 2. mvjvZzj weZi-Gi KzbZ
y /418
whK&i bs 84, 87 /420-425
3. 6. 3. Kzby Zi Rb nq Dvjb /426
3. 6. 4. gb gb ev mk KzbZ
y cvV I Avgxb ejv /427
3. 6. 5. weZi I ivZi mvjvZ Rvi ev Av wKivAvZ /429
3. 6. 6. Kzby Z bvwhjv ev wec`vcì KzbZ
y /430
3. 7. AwZwi wKQz bdj mvjvZ /431
3. 7. 1. mvjvZzj BmwZLviv /431
whK&i bs 85 /431
3. 7. 2. mvjvZzZ ZvIev /433
3. 7. 3. mvjvZzZ Zvmexn /433
3. 8. mvjvZzj Rvbvhv /434
3. 8. 1. mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi iZ I cwZ /434
whK&i bs 86-91 /437-441
3. 8. 2. mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi ci `yAv mybv Z weivax /442
3. 8. 3. Rvbvhv enbi mgq mk whK&i gvKin /444
17
PZz_ Aavq: `bw`b whK&i Ihxdv /445-524
w
w
.a
ss
4. 1. Nyg fvvi whK&i /445

whK&i bs 92, 93 /445-446
4. 2. mvjvZzj dRii cii whK&i /446
4. 2. 1. dRii ci whK&& ii dhxjZ /447
4. 2. 2. dRii cii whK&i-Gi cKvif` /450
4. 2. 3. mvjvZzj dRii ci cvjbxq whKi /451
whK&i bs 94-96 /451-453
4. 2. 4. cuv P Iqv mvjvZi ci cvjbxq whKi /453
4. 2. 4. 1. dih mvjvZi ci whK&i-gybvRvZi iZ /454
4. 2. 4. 2. dih mvjvZi ci gvmb~b whK&i-gybvRvZ /455
whK&i bs 97-126 /455-470
4. 2. 5. mvjvZi ci whK&ii gvmb~b cwZ /471
4. 2. 6. mKvj-weKvj I mKvj-mvi whK&i /479
whK&i bs 127-143 /479-489
4. 2. 7. AwbavwiZ whK&i: Zvmexn, Zvnjxj I Iqvh /491
4. 3. mvjvZz` `vnv ev Pvk&Zi bvgvh /494
4. 4. Kge Aevi whK&i /498
whK&i bs 144, 145 /501
4. 5. hvni I Avmii mvjvZ /503
4. 5. 1. hvnii mvjvZi cii whK&i /503
4. 5. 2. Avmii mvjvZi cii whK&i /504
4. 6. mvjvZzj gvMwie /505
4. 6. 1. cuv P Iqv mvjZi whKi /505
4. 6. 2. ay mvq cvVi whK&i /506
whK&i bs 146 /506
4. 6. 3. gvMwie I Bkvi gaeZx mgq bdj mvjvZ /506
4. 7. mvjvZzj Bkv /508
4. 7. 1. mvjvZzj Bkvi cii whK&i /508
Contents
18
4. 7. 2. Bkvi ci ivZi Ihxdv: ì` I KziAvb /508

4. 8. kqbi whK&i
whK&i bs 147-171 /509-519
4. 9. wKqvgyjv Bj, Zvnvy` I ivZi whKi /520
4. 9. 1. iv Nyg bv nj ev Nyg f Mj /520
4. 9. 2. wZjvIqvZ, Zvnvy`-weZi, ì`, `yAv /520
4. 9. 3. wKqvgyjv Bj I Zvnvyì iZ I ghv `v /521
whKi bs 172 /524
.c
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
5. 1. wmqvg, BdZvi, cvbvnvi, gngvb`vwi BZvw` /525

whK&i bs 173 -183 /525-528
5. 3. FY, kZv, wec`vc`, Ryjg BZvw` /528
whK&i bs 184- 193 /528-533
5. 4. Abvb wewfb welqi whKi
whK&i bs 194: va wbqYi whK&i /533
whK&i bs 195: nuv wPi whK&img~n /534
whK&i bs 196: cvkvK cwiavbi `yAv /534
whK&i bs 197: bZzb cvkvK cwiavbi `yAv /535
whK&i bs 198: bZzb cvkvK cwiwnZi Rb `yAv /535
whK&i bs 199: cwiavbi Kvco Lvjvi `yAv /535
whK&i bs 200: DcKvixi KZZv cKvkK `yAv /536
whK&i bs 201: KvDK cksmv Kivi gvmb~b whK&i /536
whK&i bs 202: ckswmZi `yAv /537
whKi bs 203: wZjvIqvZi mvR`vi `yAv /537
whKi bs 204: `vvji wdZbv _K AvZivi `yAv /537
whKi bs 205: ^c welqK `yAv /538
whK&i bs 206: x ev ^vgxK MnYi `yAv /539
whKi bs 207: be`wZi `yAv /539
whKi bs 208: `vZ mKi `yAv /540
whKi bs 209: beRvZKi Rb Awfb`b /540
whKi bs 210: beRvZKi Awfb`bi Di /540
whKi bs 211: Soi `yAv /541
whKi bs 212: eRawb keYi `yAv /541
whKi bs 213: ewcvZi `yAv /541
whKi bs 214: wkiK _K Avkqjvfi `yAv /542
whKi bs 215: Af ev Ahvv aviYvi Kvd&dviv /542
whKi bs 216: evnb AvivnYi `yAv /543
whKi bs 217: mdi I cZveZbi `yAv /543
whKi bs 218: mdii mgq we`vqx `yAv /544
whKi bs 219: gymvwdiK we`vq Rvbvbvi `yAv-1 /545
whKi bs 220: gymvwdiK we`vq Rvbvbvi `yAv-2 /545
whKi bs 221: Kvbv vb cek ev Aev bi `yAv-1 /546
whKi bs 222: Kvbv vb cek ev Aev bi `yAv-2 /546
whKi bs 223: evRvi ev Kgj ceki `yAv /547
whKi bs 224: cQ` I AcQ`bxq welqi whKi /547
whKi bs 225: KUzevK ejj /548
whKi bs 226: Avjvni mvov jvfv I gv jvfi `yAv /548
whKi bs 227: MelK, gydZx I mZvbymvbxi `yAv /549
5. 4. Aviv KqKwU eiKZgq gvmb~b `yAv /549
5. 5. KziAvbi `yAv I cvwievwiK `yAv /555
om
cg Aavq: welq mswk whK&i I `yAv /525-556
l Aavq: ivMevwa I SvodzK

u /557-612
6. 1. AmyZvi gaI gywgbi KjvY /557
6. 2. wPwKrmv I SvoduK
y /560
6. 3. ZvweR I m~Zv /563
6. 4. ivMevwa ebvg wRb, hv`y I e`-bhi /568
Contents
om
.c
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
6. 4. 1. wRb /569
6. 4. 2. hv`y /572
6. 4. 3. Mvcbvb I fvMMYbv /574
6. 4. 4. e`-bhi /578
6. 5. wRb-hv`y: cwZiva I cwZKvi /580
6. 5. 1. wkiK Keyj Kiv /580
6. 5. 2. Ab wRb eenvi Kiv /580
6. 5. 3. Avjvni Avkq MnY I `yAv /581
6. 6. hv`yKii cwiPq /582
6. 7. wRb, hv`y I ivMevwa cwZivai gvmb~b cwZ /583
6. 7. 1. Avjv ni Amw I RvMwZK kvwi Kg eRb /584
6. 7. 2. wekl ingZ I RvMwZK eiKZi Kg cvjb /584
6. 7. 2. 1. dih mvjvZi wbqgvbyewZZv /585
6. 7. 2. 2. wcZvgvZvi L`gZ I AvZx qZvi `vwqZ /585
6. 7. 2. 3. gvbyli mev, `vb I mnhvwMZv /585
6. 7. 2. 4. Zvnvy` I PvkZi mvjvZ /585
6. 7. 2. 5. evwoZ Bev`Z I wZjvIqvZ /586
6. 7. 2. 6. BmwZMdvi, `yAv I whKi /587
6. 7. 2. 7. bvcvwK I `yM eRb Ges cweZv MnY /587
6. 7. 2. 8. Zxe Kvw I ivMi gyn~ Z mZKZv /587
6. 7. 2. 9. mv I ivZi mZKZv /588
6. 7. 2. 10. c`v cvjb I ewnMgb myMw cwiZvM /588
6. 7. 3. wndvhZ welqK gvmb~b whKi cvjb /589
6. 8. wRb, hv`y I ivMevwa cwZKvi gvmb~b SvoduK
y /590
6. 9. wRb, hv`y I ivMevwa cwZKvi Rvqh SvoduK
y /593
6. 10. wKQz gvmb~b SvodyK
u I `yAv /597
whK&i bs 228-238 /597-602
6. 11. gZy , `vdb I whqviZ /603
6. 11. 1. gZy , `vdb I whqviZ welqK whKi /603
whKi bs 240-248 /603-608
6. 11. 3. whqviZ m~iv-`yAv cvV I eLk Ìqv /609
6. 11. 4. Kei whqviZi `yAvq nq Dvjb /610
6. 11. 5. Kei whqviZi `yAvq wKejvgywL nIqv /610
19
mg Aavq: gvRwjm whK&i I whK&ii gvRwjm /613-650
w
w
.a
7. 1. gvRwjm Avjvni whK&i /613

7. 2. Avjvni whK&ii gvRwjm /615
7. 3. whK&ii gvRwjmi dhxjZ /616
7. 4. whK&ii gvRwjmi whK&i /617
7. 4. 1. KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, wkv I AvjvPbv /617
7. 4. 2. Iqvh I Bjg /618
7. 4. 3. Avjvni wbqvgZ AvjvPbv I nvg`-mvbv /619
7. 4. 4. Zvmexn-Zvnjxj I `yAv-BmwZMdvi /620
7. 4. 5. wZjvIqv, ì`, `yAv I wbqvgZ AvjvPbv /622
7. 5. whK&ii gvRwjmi whK&i-cwZ /623
7. 5. 1. KziAvbx whK&ii gvRwjm cwZ /624
7. 5. 2. Iqvh-Bjgi nvjvKvq whKi cwZ /626
7. 5. 3. gvRwjm Zvmexn RvZxq whKi cvjbi cwZ /627
7. 5. 4. mvnvexMYi whK&ii gvRwjm /628
7. 5. 5. gvRwjmi AvLwi gybvRvZ /630
whKi bs 249-250 /631
7. 6. whK&ii gvRwjm: Avgvì KiYxq /633
7. 6. 1. cwievi w`q i Kib /634
7. 6. 2. whK&ii gvRwjmi mv_x /635
7. 6. 3. `jv`wji PvivevwjZ whK&ii gvRwjm /636
7. 6. 4. KziAvbx gvRwjm KiYxq /637
Contents
20
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
7. 6. 5. Iqvh I Bjgx gvRwjm KiYxq /637

7. 6. 6. ivm~jjy v ni () Rxeb Kw`K whK&i /638
7. 6. 7. whK&ii gvRwjmi weÀvZ I cvc /640
7. 7. KvivgZ, nvjvZ I IjxMY /642
7. 7. 1. mybv Zi c mKj eyRMy GKgZ /642
7. 7. 2. wbqwgZ Bev`Z ebvg mvgwqK Abykxjb /643
7. 7. 3. gv^q AebwZ I mskvab /644
7. 7. 4. mybv Z cZveZbB wbivcvi wbqZv /645
7. 7. 5. KvivgZ-dqh ebvg ejvqvZ-ZvhwKqv /646
7. 7. 6. ejvqvZ-ZvhwKqv: `vwe I eveZv /648
7. 7. 7. bexcg-Ijxcg: `vwe I eveZv /648
kl K_v /650
Mc w /651-656
Contents
21
c_g Aavq
ejvqvZ, Imxjvn I whK&i
1. 1. ejvqvZ I Ijx
om
Aviex ( ) wejvqvZ, ejvqvZ ev IqvjvqvZ A_ bKU, ezyZ ev AwffveKZ

(closeness, friendship, guardianship )| ejvqvZ ARbKvixK Ijx ev Iqvjx ( )ejv nq| Ijx A_ wbKUeZx,
ez, mvnvhKvix, AwffveK BZvw`| Ijx A_iB AviKwU mycwiwPZ k gvIjv ( |)gvIjv A_I AwffveK, ez, mx
BZvw` (master, protector, friend, companion)|
Bmjvgx cwifvlvq ejvqvZ Ijx I gvIjv ki wewfb cKvii eenvi iqQ| DivwaKvi AvBbi cwifvlvq I
ivRbwZK cwifvlvq G mKj k wekl A_ eeZ| Ze ejvqvZ ev Ijx kq mevwaK eeZ ( ) Avjvni ezZ
I ( ) Avjvni ez A_| G cyK Avgiv ejvqvZ ejZ G A_B eySvwQ|
Aviex ZixK ev ZwiKZ ki A_ ivv ev c_| dvmxZ G A_ ivn kwU eeZ| Avgiv G cyK Avjvni ezZ
y
jvfi c_ mK AvjvPbv KiZ PvB| Ijxì cwiPq c`vb Ki Avjvn ejb :
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
Rb ivL! wbq Avjvni IjxMYi Kvbv fq bB Ges Zuviv wPvMI neb bv- hviv Cgvb GbQb Ges hviv
Avjvni Amw _K AvZiv Ki Pjb ev ZvKIqvi c_ AbymiY Kib|1
Cgvb A_ ZvInx` I wimvjvZi cwZ we, wkiK I Kzdi gy wekvm| ZvKIqv ki A_ AvZiv Kiv| h Kg ev
wPv Kij gnvb Avjvn Am nb mme Kg ev wPv eRbi bvg ZvKIqv| g~jZ mKj nvivg, wbwl I cvc eRbK ZvKIqv
ejv nq| G_K Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, cZK gymwjgB Avjvni Ijx| Bgvb I ZvKIqvi Y hvi ga hZ ewk _vKe wZwb
ZZ ewk Ijx| cwm nvbvdx dKxn Bgvg Avey Rvdi Zvnvex (321wn) Bgvg Avey nvbxdv, gynvv`, Avey BDm~d (ivn) I
Avnjym mybv Z Iqvj RvgvAvZi AvKx`v ev wekvm eYbv Ki ejb:
mKj gywgb KiYvgq Avjvni Ijx| Zuvì ga _K h hZ ewk Avjvni AbyMZ I KziAvbi AbymiYKvix wZwb
ZZewk Avjvni wbKU mvwbZ (ZZewk ejvqvZi AwaKvix)| 2
ss
1. 2. Imxjvn
.a
Dci Avgiv `LwQ h, `ywU Yi ga Ijxi cwiPq mxgve| Cgvb I ZvKIqv G `ywU Y hvi ga hZ ewk I hZ
cwic~Y ne wZwb ejvqvZi c_ ZZ ewk AMmi I Avjvni ZZ ewk Ijx ev wcq ej weewPZ neb| Ab AvqvZ Avjvn
myenvbv Iqv ZvAvjv ejb:
w
w
n gywgbMY, Zvgiv AvjvnK fq Ki, Zuvi w`K Iqvmxjvn mvb Ki Ges Zuvi c_ wRnv` Ki; hvZ Zvgiv
mdjKvg nZ cvi|3
Avgiv Rvwb, Avjvni mevP ejvqvZ ARbB gvbe Rxebi mevP mdjZv| Avi G mdjZvi Rb G AvqvZ Cgvbi
ci wZbwU Kgi K_v ejv nqQ: (1) ZvKIqv, (2) Iqvmxjvn Ges (3) wRnv`|
Cgvb I ZvKIqvi A_ Avgiv RbwQ| Imxjvn ev Iqvmxjvn ( )kwU evsjvfvlvq DcKiY ev gvag A_ eeZ
nq| wK KziAvb I nv`xmi Aviex fvlvq Iqvmxjvn A_ bKU| eZ fvlvi AbK ki A_B gv^q cwiewZZ nq|
evsjv fvlvq eZgvb m`k kwU wgvb A_ eeZ| wK `y kZvx AvM evsjv fvlvq m`k kwUi A_ wQj msev`|
Aviex fvlvq eZgvb jvevb A_ Nvj| wK cyivZb AviexZ Gi A_ wQj `ya| eZgvb AviexZ Avwgj A_ kwgK ev
KgPvix| wK cyivZb AviexZ Gi A_ wQj KgKZv ev Awdmvi|
Avi Kvbv k hLb GK fvlv _K Ab fvlvq cek Ki ZLb Zvi A_i ga cwieZb nq Aviv ewk| AviexZ I
dvmxZ bkv ev bvkIqv A_ gvZjvgx ev gv`KZv| wK evsjvq kwUi A_ gv`KZv nq Avevi AfZvI nq| GKviY AbK
mgq Avgiv AZvi ga cwo| KD ejb, bkv nvivg| Di Ab ejb, fvZ, Pv BZvwÌ Zv bkv? cKZc evsjv
Contents
22
bkv A_vr AfZv nvivg bq, eis dvmx bkv A_vr gv`KZv nvivg| AfZv nvivg ev nvjvj ne Afvmi
welqi weavb Abymvi, Avi gv`KZv mevevq nvivg| Imxjv kwUI Gic A_MZ cwieZb I weeZbi KviY gymwjg gvbm
AbK AZvi Rb w`qQ|
Avgiv Imxjv kwUK Avhvbi `yAvq cwZw`b eenvi Ki ewj
.c
om
n Avjvn .... gynvv` ()-K Imxjv c`vb Kib|

GLvb Avgiv gynvv` ()-Gi Rb Kvbv gvag ev DcKiY cv_bv Kwi bv; KviY, Avgiv wbwZfve Rvwb h, Zuvi
Kvbv gvag ev DcKiYi cqvRb bB| Avgiv GLvb Zuvi Rb bKU cv_bv Kwi| G `yAvi A_, n Avjvn, gynvv` K Avcbvi mevP bKU I wbKUeZx vb I ghv`v c`vb Kib|
fvlvwe` Beby dvwim (395 wn) ejb: IqvI, mxb I jvg: `ywU cii weivax A_ cKvk Ki: c_g A_: AvMn I
Zvjvk| ... wZxq A_ Pzwi Kiv|1 cwm fvlvwe` I gydvm&wmi Avjvgv ivwMe Bmcvnvbx (507) ejb: Imxjv: A_ AvMni
mv_ Kvbv wKQzi wbKUeZx nIqv| gnvb Avjvn ejQb: Zvgiv Zuvi w`K Imxjv mvb Ki| Bjg, Bev`Z cvjb Ges
kixqZi ghv`vgq wewaweavb cvjbi mevZK Pvi gvag Avjvni ivvq cwZwZ _vKv-B Avjvni w`K Imxjvi nvKxKvZ|
GwU-B bK Avgj ev bKU|2
mycw m gydvmwmi Bgvg Beby Rvixi Zvevix (310 wn) ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
w
w
.a
ss
Zuvi w`K Imxjv mvb Ki| Gi A_: Zuvi w`K bKU mvb Ki,A_vr h Kg Kij wZwb m nb Zv Ki| Imxjv kwU
ZvIqvm&mvjZz K_v _K dvqxjvn Ihb MnxZ Bmg| ejv nq ZvIqvm&mvjZz Bjv dzjvb we-Kvhv, A_vr Avwg AgyK KvR Ki
AgyKi wbKUeZx nqwQ|3
Bgvg Zvevix fvlvZvwKfve cgvY Kib h, Imxjv A_ bKU| Gici wZwb mvnvex Beby Avevm (iv), Zvweqx Ave~ Iqvwqj,
AvZv Beby Avwe ivevn, KvZv`vn Beby wÀvgvn, gyRvwn` Beby Rvei, nvmvb evmix, Avyjvn Beby Kvmxi, myx Avj-Kvexi, Beby hvB`,
cgLy gydvm&wmi _K DZ Kib: Zuvi Imxjv mvb Ki A_ Zuvi bKU mvb Ki, A_vr Zuvi AvbyMZ I ihvgw`g~jK bKKg
Ki Zuvi bKU I gneZ jvf mP nI|4
wRnv` A_ cPv ev cwikg| Avjvni weavb cvjbi I cPvii mKj cPvKB KziAvb-nv`xm KLbv KLbv wRnv`
ejv nqQ| mZi `vIqvZ, Abvqi cwZev`, n cvjb, Avjvni AvbyMZ-g~jK ev AvZwg~jK h Kvbv Kgi PvK
wRnv` ejv nqQ| Ze Bmjvgx cwifvlvq wRnv` A_ wKZvj ev gymwjg ivi ivxq hy| gywgb mvagZ mZi `vIqvZ wèb
Ges myhvM _vKj ivxq wRnv` Ask wbeb|5
eZ c_g AvqvZ ZvKIqv ejZ hv eySvbv nqQ G AvqvZ ZvKIqv, Imxjvn I wRnv` ZviB wZbwU chvq|
ZvKIqv g~jZ AvZivg~jK Kg, A_vr dih-IqvwRe Kg Kiv Ges nvivg-gvKin Kgvw` eRb Kiv| Gi AwZwi Avjvni
bKUg~jK KgB g~jZ Iqvmxjvn ej MY| `vIqvZ I wRnv` KLbv dih Ges KLbv bdj|
ejvqvZ ARbi Rb ZvKIqv I Imxjvni G `ywU chvqK dih I bdj `yfvM fvM Ki ivm~jyjvn () ejb,
Avjvn ejQb :

.

h ew Avgvi Kvbv Ijxi mv_ kZv Ki Avwg Zvi mv_ hy NvlYv Kwi| Avgvi bKU ARb ev Ijx nIqvi Rb
ev`v hZ KvR Ki Zviga mePq Avwg ewk fvjevwm h KvR Avwg dih KiwQ| (dih KvR cvjb KivB Avgvi bKU ARbi
Rb mec_ g I mePq wcq KvR)| Gici ev`v hLb me`v bdj Bev`Z cvjbi gvag Avgvi ejvqvZi c_ AMmi nZ _vK
ZLb Avwg ZvK fvjevwm| Avi hLb Avwg ZvK fvjevwm ZLb Avwg Zvi keYh cwiYZ nB, hv w`q m bZ cvq, Avwg Zvi
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
23
`kbw`q nq hvB, hv w`q m `LZ cvq, Avwg Zvi nvZ nq hvB, hv w`q m AvNvZ Ki Ges Avwg Zvi cv nq hvB,
hvi viv m nuvU| m hw` Avgvi KvQ wKQy cv_bv Ki Zvnj Avwg AekB ZvK Zv c`vb Kwi| m hw` Avgvi KvQ Avkq Pvq
Zvnj Avwg AekB ZvK Avkq c`vb Kwi|1
ejvqvZi G AevKB Ab nv`xm Bnmvb ejv nqQ| Bnmvb A_ m`h I c~YZ
v| Bnmvb ARbKvix
gynwmb| ivm~jyjvn ejb: Bnmvb njv, Zzwg Ggbfve Avjvni Bev`Z Kie, hb Zzwg ZvK `LQ| KviY Zzwg ZuvK bv
`LjI wZwb ZvgvK `LQb|2
Zvnj Ijx I ejvqvZi gvb` Cgvb I ZvKIqv| Avi ZwiKZ ejvqvZ ev ivn ejvqvZ A_vr ejvqvZi ivv
mKj dih KvR Av`vq Ges ewk ewk bdj Bev`Z Kiv| hw` Kvbv gymwjg cwic~Y mybvZ Abymvi mwVK Cgvb msiY Kib,
mKj cKvii nvivg I wbla eRbi gvag ZvKIqv ARb Kib, Zuvi Dci dih hveZxq `vwqZ wZwb Av`vq Kib Ges mekl
h_vme ewk ewk bdj Bev`Z Av`vq Kib wZwbB Avjvni Ijx ev wcq gvbyl| ejvqvZi c~YZvi cgvY h, gywgbi `kb kw,
keYkw I `wnKkw gnvb Avjvni wb`kbvaxb ne| m`me`v wZwb Abyfe Kieb h, wZwb AvjvnK `LQb Ges Avjvn ZuvK
`LQb| KvRB mvgvbZg cvci wPvq Zuvi nvZ, cv, PvL, Kvb mewKQz Avo nq hve| Avjvni whKi _K mvgvb mgq
AgbvhvMx njI wZwb Lvivc eva Kib| wZwb me`v gnvb Avjvni `w I mvnPh Abyfe Kib|
Avjvni wbla eRbK g~jZ ZvKIqv ejv nq| GRb ejvqvZi c_ bdj gyvnve cvjbi Pq nvivg-gvKin eRbi
iZ ewk| G welq gyyRvw` Avjd mvbx (ivn) ejb: Avjvn ZvAvjvi bKU c`vbKvix Avgjmg~n `yB cKvi| c_g cKvi dih
Kvhmg~n, wZxq cKvi bdj Kvhvejx| bdj Avgjmg~ni dihi mwnZ KvbB Zzjbv nq bv| bvgvh, ivhv, hvKvZ, whK&i, gvivKvev
BZvw` h Kvb bdj Bev`Z nDK bv Kb Ges Zvnv LvjQ ev wefve cwZcvwjZ nDK bv Kb, GKwU dih Bev`Z Zvnvi mgq
gZ hw` mvw`Z nq, Ze mnm ermii Dic bdj Bev`Z nBZ Zvnv kZi| eis dih Bev`Zi ga h mybvZ, bdj BZvw`
AvQ, Ab bdjvwì Zzjbvq DnvivI D cKvi kZ ivL|... AZGe, gyvnvei cwZ j ivLv Ges gvKin hwÌ Dnv ZvbwRnx
nq Zvnv nBZ weiZ _vKv whK&i gvivKvev BZvw` nBZ eY k, gvKin Zvnixwgi K_v Kx Avi ewje ! Aek D Kvhmg~n
(whK&i gvivKvev) hw` D Avgjmg~ni (dih, gyvnve cvjb I mKj gvKin eRbi) mwnZ GKwZ Kiv hvq, Ze Zvnvi DPgbvevv c~Y nBe, Ab_vq gnbZ eiev`|3
w
w
.a
ss
Gfve KziAvb-mybvni AvjvK Avgiv `wL h, ejvqvZi c_i Kgjvi chvq, Z_v gywgb Rxebi mKj Kgi iZ
I chvqjv wbic:
c_g, Cgvb : mePq iZc~Y I mewKQyi g~j we Cgvb| Cgvbi wUmn mKj bK Kg I avwgKZv ckg
I evZzjZv gv|
wZxq, ea DcvRb : Cgvbi ci mec_g `vwqZ eafve DcvwRZ RxweKvi Dci wbfi Kiv| my`, Nyl, duvwK, auvKv,
Ryjyg BZvw` mKj cKvi DcvRb Aea| Aea DcvRb viv RxweKv wbevnKvixi Bev`Z Avjvni wbKU MnYxq bq|
ZZxq, ev`vi nK mswk nvivg eRb : Kgi mec_g I mevP iZc~Y welq dih Kg| dih `y cKvi (K)
KiYxq dih (L) eRbxq dih ev nvivg| nvivg `y cKvi : GK cKvi cw_exi Abvb gvbyl I mwi AwaKvi ev cvIbv b ev
Zvì Kvbv wZ Kiv welqK nvivg| Gjv eRb Kiv mevP iZcY~ |
PZz_, Avjvni Abvb Av`k wbla welqK nvivg eRb|
cg, dih Kgjv cvjb|
l, gvKin Zvnixwg eRb I mybv Z gyAvv`v Kg cvjb|
mg, gvbyl I mwi mev I KjvYg~jK mybv Z-bdj Bev`Z cvjb|
Ag, ewMZ mybvZ-bdj Bev`Z cvjb|
Avwg G cyK wKQy dih-IqvwRe welqi AvjvPbv KijI, g~jZ Ag chvqi Bev`ZB G cyKi g~j AvjvP
welq| Dcii mvZwU chvqi Kg hw` Avgvì Rxeb bv _vK Zvnj G Ag chvqi Kg A_nxb nZ cvi ev fvgxZ
cwiYZ nZ cvi| Avgiv AZ `ytL I e`bvi mv_ j Kwi h, Avgvì mgvRi avwgK gvbyliv cvqk GB Ag chv qi
KvRjvK AZ ewk iZ `b, A_P c~eeZx welqjvi cKZ iZ AvjvPbv ev Abyaveb e_ nb| gnvb iveyj
Avjvgxb I Zuvi wcqZg ivm~j h Kgi hZUzKz iZ c`vb KiQb ZvK Zvi Pq Kg iZ c`vb Kiv hgb KwVb
Aciva I Zuvì wkvi weivwaZv, ewk iZ c`vbI GKB cKvi Aciva|
G Avgiv KqK cKvii KwVb fyj I Aciva wj nwQ :
(K) dih, IqvwRe ev mybvZ gyAvv`v Qo Abvb mybvZ- bdji iZ Ìqv| bdj Bev`Zi dhxjZ ejZ
Contents
om
24
hq Avgiv dihi K_v Aenjv Ki dwj| dj mgvRi AbK avwgK gvbyl AbK dih Bev`Z ev` w`q bdj
wj nb| hgb, dih hvKvZ bv w`q bdj `vb, dih nR bv Ki bdwww.assunnahtrust.comj Bev`Z, dih Bj&g ARb bv Ki
|`bdj Zvnvy`, dih mrKvR Av`k c`vb bv Ki bdj whK&i, dih x-mvb cwZcvjb ev` w`q bdj Bev`Z BZvw
(L) nvivg eRb I nvjvj DcvRb _K mybvZ-bdj cvjbK iZ Ìqv| dih cvjbi Pq nvivg eRb ewk
iZcY~ , hwÌ `ywUB GKBfve dih| wK Avgiv mybvZ I bdj ev mg I Ag chvqi Bev`Zi iZ eySvZ hq AbK
mgq Dcii welqjv fyj hvq| dj AMwYZ gvbylK Avgiv `wL nvivg DcvRb, nvivg Kg BZvw`Z wj iqQb, A_P
wewfb mybvZ-bdj Bev`Z AvMni mv_ cvjb KiQb| weklZ, AbK ev`vi nK msv nvivg wj _K bdj Bev`Z
cvjb KiQb AZxe AvMni mv_|
(M) bdj Bev`Zi mwi mevi Pq ewMZ mybvZ-bdjK ewk iZ Ìqv| KziAvb I nv`xm gvbyli ev h
Kvbv cvYxi DcKvi Kiv, mvnvh Kiv, mev Kiv, wPwKrmv Kiv, Kviv mvnvhi Dk mvgvb GKUz c_Pjv, GgbwK aygv
wbRK Ab Kviv wZ Kiv ev K c`vb _K weiZ ivLvK Ab mKj cKvi mybvZ-bdj Bev`Zi Pq AbK ewk mvIqve I
ghv`vi ej DjL Kiv nqQ| GQvov Avjvni ingZ, eiKZ, gv I mw ARbi Rb mwi mevK mePq ekx dj`vqK ej
evisevi DjL Kiv nqQ| wK AZ `ytLi welq h, Avgiv KziAvb I nv`xmi Gme myZg welq GKeviB Aenjv KiwQ|
GKRb avwgK gvbyl whK&i IhxdvK hZUzKz iZ `b gvbyli mvnvh, DcKvi ev mevK m iZ `b bv, eis GjvK Bev`ZB
gb Kib bv|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
(N) Ag chvqi Kgmg~ni gaI chvq iqQ| mvaviYZ m mKj KvR ivm~jyjv n KiQb ev KiZ Drmvn c`vb
KiQb wK bv Kij Kvbv Avcw Kibwb m KvRjvB Ag chvqi| G chvqi KvRi ga iZi Kg-ewk nq mybvZi
AvjvK| h KvR ivm~jjy vn me`v KiQb ev AwaKvsk mgq KiQb Ze bv Kij Avcw Kibwb Zv ewk iZc~Y|
cvi hv wZwb gvS ga KiQb Zvi iZ Zvi Pq Kg| Aciw`K hv wZwb KiQb I KiZ Drmvn w`qQb Zvi iZ hv
wZwb KiQb wK KiZ Drmvn `bwb Zvi Pq ewk|
Avgiv G chvqi KvRjvKI Dvfve MnY Kwi| GKwU D`vniY `Lyb| ivm~jyjvn me`v Kg Lv` LvIqvq
Af wQjb| wZwb Kg LZ, yavZ _vKZ I gvbylK LvIqvZ cQ` KiZb I Drmvn c`vb KiZb| GQvov wZwb LvIqvi
mgq ìLvb eenvi KiZb ej Rvbv hvq| Ze me`v Zv eenvi KiZb bv ejB eySv hvq| GQvov wZwb ìLvb eenvi
KiZ Drmvn c`vb Kibwb| mvnvexMY nuU nuU, ùvwoq ev cv iLI LqQb| GLb Avgiv wZxq KvRwUK AZ
iZ c`vb Kwi, A_P c_g KvRwUK iZ c`vb Kwi bv|
GQvov AbKB G mybvZi AbymiY KiZ hq mybvZi weivwaZv Kib| ivm~jyjv n hv gvS gvS KiQb
Zv me`v Kij Zuvi mybvZi weivwaZv nq| KviY, wZwb gvS gvS Ab h KvRwU KiZb Zv ewRZ nq| hgb, ivm~jyjvn
wewfb mgq wewfb cKvii I wewfb iOi cvkvK ciZb, wewfb cKvi Lv` wewfbfve MnY KiZb| KLbv cvMwo ciZb,
KLbv igvj ciZb, KLbv ay Uzwc ciZb| KLbv Rvgv ciZb, KLbv jyw I Pvì ciZb ... BZvw`| GLb ay GK
cKviK me`v cvjb Kiv Zuvi ixwZi weiZv Kiv|
(O) ejvqvZ I ZvKIqvi aviYvi weKwZ| Dcii welqjv Avgvì gb Ggbfve Avmb Mo emQ h, cKZ
gymwjgi ewZ, ZvKIqv, ejvqvZ I eyRyMx mK Avgvì aviYv GKeviB DjUv nq wMqQ| Avgiv cvMwo, Uzwc, whK&i, `
iLvb BZvw` welq AZ mPZb| wK Cgvb, ev`vi nK, nvjvj DcvRb, gvbe mev mK D`vmxb| KD nqZ MxeZ, AnsKvi,
ev`vi nK b, nvivg DcvRb BZvw`Z wj, wK Uzwc, cvMwo, Zvnvy`, whK&i BZvw` Ag chvqi Bev`Z AZ wbvevb| Avgiv
G ewK gyvKx cinhMvi ev avwgK gymwjg ej gb Kwi| GgbwK Avjvni Ijx ev cxi gvkvqL ejI wekvm Kwi| Aci w`K
hw` KD gvbe mev, mgvR KjvY BZvw`Z wj _vKb ZvK Avgiv Avjvni Ijx ejv Zv `~ii K_v avwgK ejB gvbZ ivwR ne
bv|
AbK avwgK gvbyl ìLvb ev cvMox wbq AwZ e njI nvjvj gvji Lv` I cvkvK wK-bv Zv weePbv KiQb
bv| jvKwUi Uzwc, cvMwo ev Rvgv Kvb& KvwUsGi Zv Lye hZ mnKvi weePbv KijI wZwb ev`vi nK b KiQb wKbv,
dihmg~n cvjb KiQb wKbv, gvbyli wZ ev AKjvY _K weiZ AvQb wKbv, Kexiv Mvbvnjv _K weiZ AvQb wKbv
BZvw` welq Avgiv weePbvq AvbwQ bv|
(P) Avgiv mekl chvqi bdj gyvnve KvRjvK `jv`wj I vZZi gvb` wnmve MnY KiwQ| g~jZ mKj gywgb
gymjgvb GK AciK fvjevmeb| weklZ huvì ga c_g QqwU chvq cvIqv hvq ZuvìK Avgiv Avjvni Ijx I gyvKx ev`v
wnme Avjvni Iqv weklfve fvjevme| bdj gyvnve welq Kg-ewk h hfve cvib Kieb| G mKj welq cwZhvwMZv
ne, wK `jv`wj ne bv| wK eve Rxeb Avgiv `wL h, Avgiv Uzwc, Rvgv, cvMwo, ìLvb BZvwì AvKwZ, cKwZ iO, whK&i,
`yAv, mvjvZ, mvjvg BZvwì cwZ I cKiY BZvw`KB `jv`wji wfw wnme MnY Kwi| dj c_g QqwU chvq hvi ga
mwVKfve weivRgvb bB, A_P Ag chvq Avgvì mv_ wgj ivLb ZvK Avgiv Avcb gb Ki xwb fvB ev gneZi fvB ej
gb Kwi| Avi hvi ga c_g QqwU chvq weivRgvb, A_P Ag chvq Avgvi mv_ wfbZv iqQ ZvK Avgiv Kvwdi gykwiKi gZv
Contents

NYv Kwi ev eRb Kwi| Gfve Avgiv Bmjvgi g~j gvb` D djwQ| Avgiv Bmjvgi Rvgv D ciwQ|
25
1. 3. ejvqvZ I AvZw
gnvb Avjvn ejb: Avjvn gywgbì cwZ AbyMn KiQb h, wZwb Zvì wbRì ga _K Zvì KvQ ivmyj ciY
KiQb, wZwb Avjvni AvqvZ Zvì KvQ Avew Kib, ZvìK ZvhwKqv (cwikvab) Kib Ges wKZve I cv (mybvZ) wkv
`b|1 Abyicfve wewfb vb ejv nqQ h Avjvni AvqvZ cvV Kiv, wKZve I cv wkv Ìqv I ZvhwKqv ev cwikvab
KivB ivm~jjy vn -Gi g~j wgkb|
Ab Avjvn ejb: mB mdjKvg ne, h wbRK ZvhwKqv (cwe) Kie Ges mB e_ ne, h wbRK KjylvQb
Kie| Aviv ejv nqQ: wbq mvdj jvf Kie h hvKvZ (cweZv) ARb Ki| Ges Zvi cwZcvjKi bvg iY Ki I
mvjvZ Av`vq Ki|3 G _K Rvbv hvq h, ZvhwKqv, ZvhwKqv bdb ev AvZw-B mdjZvi g~j|
2
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
ZvhwKqv-i evLvq Bgvg Zvevix ejb, ZvhwKqv kwU hvKvZ _K MnxZ| hvKvZ A_ cweZv I ew| G mKj
AvqvZ ZvhwKqv A_I cweZv I ew| ivm~jyjvn () gywgbMYK wkiK I MvBijvni Bev`Z _K cwe Kib Ges
Avjvni Bev`Z I AvbyMZi gvag Zvì ghv`v ew Kib| mvnvex-ZvweqxMYI GfveB AvqvZjvi evLv KiQb| Beby
Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn Avjvni AvbyMZ, BLjvm I wbfRvj ZvInxì gvag Zvì ZvhwKqv Kib| Zvweqx Beby
RyivBR ejb, wZwb ZvìK wkiK _K cwe Kib|4
Gfve Avgiv `LwQ h, `xbi mKj KgB ZvhwKqv-i Af
y ; KviY mKj KgB gywgbK Kvbv bv Kvbfve cwe Ki
Ges Zvi mvIqve, ghv`v I cweZv ew Ki| Ze G nvw`K ev gvbwmK welqjvi cwZ KziAvb-nv`xm wekl iZ c`vb
Kiv nqQ| KziAvbK mKj gbvivMi wPwKrmv ej DjL Ki ejv nqQ: n gvbe RvwZ, Zvgvì cwZ Zvgvì
cwZcvjKi wbKU _K GmQ Dc`k Ges Zvgvì Ai hv AvQ Zvi wPwKrmv|5 ivm~jjy v n ejb: Rb ivL! `ni
ga GKwU gvsmwc iqQ, hw` mskvwaZ nq Ze cyiv `nB mskvwaZ nq Avi hw` Zv b nq Ze cyiv `nB b nq| Rb ivL
Zv AKiY|6
G_K Avgiv `wL h, ejvqvZi c_i 8wU chvqB ZvhwKqv ev AvZwi chvq I Kg| AvZwi I dih I
bdj Ges KiYxq I eRbxq Kg iqQ| wkiK, Kzdi, AvZcg, KziAvb-mybvni wecixZ wbRi cQ`K iZ c`vb, wnsmv,
Anvi, jvf, wiqv ev c`kbQv, va, wbziZv BZvw` _K `qK gy I cwe KiZ ne| Gjv eRbxq gvbwmK Kg|
gbK ah, KZZv, Avjvn-fxwZ, Avjvni ingZi Avkv, Avjvni dqmvjvi cwZ mw, wbjvfZv, mKji cwZ fvjevmv,
KjvYKvgbv BZvw` welq w`q cwic~Y KiZ ne| Gjv KiYxq gvbwmK Kg| Gjvi dih I bdj chvq AvQ| Avgiv
eySZ cvwiQ h, wki&K, AvZcg BZvw`Z gb fi iL cvkvcvwk mei, kvKi, `b BZvw` Y ARbi Pv Kiv wevw I
fvwg Qvov wKQzB bq|
ss
1. 4. whK&i, ejvqvZ I AvZw
w
w
.a
whK&i Aviex k| evsjvq Gi A_ iY Kiv ev iY Kivbv| cieZx AvjvPbv _K Avgiv `LZ cve h, h Kvbv
cKvi gb, gyL, Ai, Kgi gvag, wPvi gvag, Av`k cvjb Ki ev wbla gvb Kivi gvag Avjvni bvg, Yvejx,
wewaweavb, Zuvi cyivi, kvw BZvw` iY Kiv ev KivbvK Bmjvgi cwifvlvq whK&i ev Avjvni whK&i ejv nq| Ze KziAvb I
mybv n whK&i ejZ mvaviYfve Kvbv bv Kvbvfve gyLi fvlvq Avjvni iY KivK eySvbv nq| gyLi mv_ gbi I Kgi
iY _vKZ ne| ay Kgi iY ev ay gbi iYI whK&i| Ze KziAvb I nv`xm whK&ii wb`ki , whK&ii dhxjZ
eYbvi ev ivm~jyjvn -Gi whK&i eYbvi me g~jZ gyLi DPviYi gvag Avjvni iY eySvbv nqQ| Avgiv
cieZx AvjvPbvq Zv wevwiZ `LZ cve|
Dchy evcK A_ Cgvb I bKKg meB whK&i ej MY| G Rb ck A_ ejvqvZi c_i DcivwjwLZ AvU
chvqi mKj KgKB GK K_vq whK&i ej AwfwnZ Kiv hvq| Gfve whK&i I ejvqvZ cii AweQ` ev cvq mgv_K|
Avgiv `LwQ h, ejvqvZi c_i Kg `y chvqi: dih I bdj| bdj chvqi whK&iK ejvqvZi c_ Ab mKj bdj
Bev`Zi Pq AbK ewk iZ c`vb Kiv nqQ nv`xm kixd| mevcwi, AvZwi Rb KziAvb-nv`xm whK&ii cwZ mevP
iZ Avivc Kiv nqQ| GRb Avgiv G M ejvqvZi c_i eYbvq whK&i welqB mePq ewk AvjvPbv Kie| Avjvni
KvQ ZvIdxK I KeywjqZ cv_bv KiwQ|
Contents
26
1. 5. whK&ii cwiPq AZv
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
AbK mgq ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybvZ I mvnvexMYi mybv Zi Dci wbfi bv Ki aygv kvwK A_ ev ewMZ cv,
AwfiwP BZvwì Dci wbfi Ki KziAvbi AvqvZ ev nv`xmi A_ ev evLv KiZ hq Avgiv wewfb cKvii wevwi ga
wbcwZZ nB| Gaibi AZv ev gbMov evLvi KviY Avgiv whK&ii wZb cKvi wevwi ga wbcwZZ nB :
c_g, AbK mgq AbK AveMx avwgK gvbyl Zvmexn, Zvnjxj BZvw` kvwK whK&ii cwZ Aev Ki ejb h,
Avjvni Kzg gvbvB Zv eo whK&i ... BZvw`|
wZxq, AbK mgq AbK avwgK gvbyl whK&i ejZ aygv Zvmexn, Zvnjxj BZvw` kvwK whK&iB eySb| wZwb gb
Kib G mKj whK&i bv Ki whwb Avjvni weavbvejx mvagZ cvjb Kib wZwb KLbB hvwKi bb| Dci AbK Avjvni dih
weavbvejx mvjvZ, wmqvg, hvKvZ, BZvw` h_vh_ cvjb bv Ki aygv wKQy mybv Z-mZ A_ev weÀvZ cwZZ DvweZ
whK&i bvgK Kg Ki wbRK hvwKi ej `vwe Kib ev gb Kib|
ZZxq, AbK avwgK I hvwKi gvbyl Avjvni whK&i ev Avjvni bvgi whK&i ejZ mybvZ mZ, ivm~jjy v n I
mvnvexMYi AvPwiZ whK&i bv eyS mgvR cwPjZ wewfb evbvqvU cwZi evbvqvU whK&i eySb| Zuviv Avjvni whKii dhxjZi
AvqvZ I nv`xmjv MnY Kib| wK Gjvi cvjbi ivm~jyjvn I mvnvexMYi mybv Z wbq gv_v Nvgvb bv|
GmKj wevwi g~j KziAvb, nv`xm I mvnvexMYi wkv, Kg I eenvi bv Rb, `yB GKwU AvqvZ ev nv`xm co gbvgZv
evLv Kiv| Bmjvgi AbZg iKb mvjvZ| mvjvZ A_ cv_bv| Avgiv evsjv fvlvq dvwm bvgvh k eenvi Kwi| BsiwRZ
mvjvZK prayer-B ejv nq| GLb Kbv Kib, GKRb bZzb BsiwR fvlvfvlx gymwjg Avjvni wb`k cvjb KiZ prayer ev
cv_bv Kvqg KiZ Pvq| GRb m ùvwoq ev em AveMi mv_ Avjvni KvQ cv_bv RvbvQ| ZvK G welq ck Kiv nj m
ej h, Avjvni wb`kgZv m prayer ev mvjvZ Kvqg KiQ| Avcwb ZvK Gfve cv_bv ev mvjvZ Kvqg KiZ wbla Kij
wei nq AvcbvK Bmjvg weivax I mvjvZ weivax ej AvLvwqZ Kij|
w
w
.a
ss
Rvcvwb I Abvb we`kx mvvr nj Zvì mvjvg wnmve Bow (evD) Ki ev gv_v wbPz Ki mvlY Rvbvq| GLb
GKRb Rvcvwb Bmjvg MnY Ki Bmjvgx mvjvg wkLQb| wZwb Abyic Bow (evD) Ki ev gv_v SuzwKq AvcbvK
Avmmvjvgy AvjvBKzg ejjb| Avcwb ZvK Bow (evD) KiZ wbla Kij wZwb wei nq ejjb, Avcwb AvgvK mvjvg
KiZ wbla KiQb? mvjvg mybvZ, mvjvg GZ dhxjZ, BZvw` BZvw`| Avcwb Kx Kieb? Avcwb wK ZvK eySvZ cvieb
h, Avcwb mvjvg KiZ wbla KiQb bv, Avcwb aygv Bow (evD) Ki mvjvg KiZ wbla KiQb| Avcwb wK ZvK
eySvZ cvieb h, Avcwb ZvK mybvZ k I mybvZ cwZZ mvjvg KiZ ejQb?
Avgvì `ki hvwKiMY AweKj GKB mgmvq wbcwZZ| Avjvni whK&i, whK&i, Avjvni bvgi whK&i BZvw` k
weKZ I mybvZ weivax A_ eeZ nQ| Avcwb hw` ivm~jyjv n I mvnvexMYi cwZZ whK&i KiZ Abyiva Kib Zvnj
Zviv Avcbvi K_vi fyj A_ Ki Avcwb whK&i KiZ wbla KiQb ej Avcbvi weivwaZv Kieb|
GRb AvgvìK GKwU welq wmv MnY KiZ ne| KziAvb I nv`xm whK&ii h AMwYZ wb`kbv I dhxjZ ewYZ
nqQ mme wb`kbv cvjbi Ges dhxjZ ARbi Rb Avgiv wK gbMovfve cqvRb, BQv ev AwfiwP gZ whK&i ev whK&i-cwZ
evwbq wbZ cvie? bvwK Avgvì G mKj welq ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMYi AbymiY KiZ ne? whK&i gvbB Zv iY|
Avgiv wK Zvnj `k, hyM, fvlv, iwP, cqvRb I myweav Abymvi BQvgZ k I BQvgZ cwZZ whK&i ev iY KiZ cvie ? bv
ay ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMY hLb, hfve, h k I h cwZZ whK&i KiQb AweKj mfveB Avgvì whK&i KiZ ne?
1. 6. KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK whK&i
KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv `wL h, Avjvni whK&i ev gnvb iveyj Avjvgxbi iYB g~jZ Bmjvg| gywgbi mKj
KgB Zv Zvi cwZcvjK iveyj AvjvgxbK K` Ki I ZuvKB iY Ki| KvRB, Zvi mKj KgB whK&i| KziAvb I nv`xm
Gfve Avgiv whK&iK evcK A_ eeZ `LZ cvB| Cgvb, KziAvb, mvjvZ, wmqvg, nR BZvw` mKj cKvi Bev`ZKB whK&i
ejv nqQ| Avevi Gjvi AwZwi ZvKexi, Zvnjxj, Zvmexn, `yAv BZvw`KI whK&i bvg AwfwnZ Kiv nqQ|
KziAvb I nv`xmi G mKj eenvii AvjvK Avgiv whK&iK g~jZ `yB fvM fvM KiZ cvwi: 1. Bmjvg h mKj
dih ev bdj Bev`Zi Ab eenvwiK bvg iqQ, Ze hnZz mKj Bev`Zi g~jB Avjvni iY, GRb mjvKI whK&i
bvg AwfwnZ Kiv nqQ| 2. h mKj dih ev bdj Bev`Z aygv whK&i bvgB AwfwnZ Ges Abvb mKj Bev`Zi
AwZwi aygv Avjvni iYi Rb cvjb Kiv nq| wb whK&i ki wewfb eenvi AvjvPbv Kiv nj :
1. 6. 1. Avjvni AvbyMZg~jK Kg I eRb
gnvb Avjvn ejb:
Contents
27
1
Zvgiv Avgvi whK&i Ki, Avwg Zvgvì whK&i Kie|
G AvqvZi evLvq mvnvex-ZveqxMY ejb: GLvb whK&i ejZ mKj cKvi Bev`Z I Avjvni AvbyMZg~jK KvRK eySvb
nqQ| Avjvni AvbyMZ KivB ev`vi c _K Avjvni whK&i Kiv| Avi ev`vK cwZ`vb cyivi, KiYv, kvw I eiKZ c`vbB
Avjvni c _K ev`vK whK&i Kiv|2 Bgvg Zvevix G cm ejb: n gywgbMY, Avwg ZvgvìK h mKj Av`k c`vb KiwQ
Zv cvjb Ki Ges hv wbla KiwQ Zv eRb Ki Zvgiv Avgvi AvbyMZi gvag Avgvi whK&i Ki, Zvnj Avwg ZvgvìK Avgvi
ingZ, `qv I gv c`vbi gvag Zvgvì whK&i Kie|3
Avyjvn Beby ivexqvn Beby Avevm (iv)-K ejb: Avjvni whK&i Zuvi Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, cksmv vcb, KziAvb
wZjvIqvZ, wZwb hv wbla KiQb Zuvi K_v iY Ki Zv _K weiZ _vKv G meB Avjvni whK&i| Beby Avevm (iv) ejb:
mvjvZ, wmqvg BZvw` meB Avjvni whK&i|4
cLvZ gwnjv mvnvex D `vi`v (iv) ejb :
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Zzwg hw` mvjvZ Av`vq Ki ZvI Avjvni whK&i, Zzwg hw` wmqvg cvjb Ki Ze ZvI Avjvni whK&i| Zzwg hv wKQy fvj KvR
Ki meB Avjvni whK&i| hZ cKvi g` KvR Zzwg cwiZvM Kie meB Avjvni whK&ii Af
y | Ze mwji ga Dg Avjvni
Zvmexn (myenvbvjvn ejv)|5
gnvb Avjvn ejb:
bv|6
(Avjvi Ni Avjvni whK&iKvix gvbylMYK) Kvbv eemv ev KbvePv Avjvni whK&i _K AgbvhvMx KiZ cvi
G AvqvZ Avjvni whK&ii evLvq Zveqx KvZv`v ejb: G mKj hvwKi ev`v eemvq wj _vKZb| hLbB
Avjvni Kvbv cvIbv ev Zuvi c` Kvbv `vwqZ Gm hZ Zuviv ZrYvr Zv Av`vq KiZb| eemv ev ePvKbv ZuvìK
Avjvni whK&i _K weiZ ivLZ bv|7
ZveqxMY gyLi whK&ii iZ w`Zb| Ze Gjv bdj whK&i| Kg Avjvni wewaweavb bv gb GmKj whK&i cvjb
KivK Zuviv g~jnxb ej MY KiZb| Zveqx mvC` web RyevCi (95 wn) ejb :
ss
w
w
.a
Avjvni AvbyMZB Avjvni whK&i| h Zuvi AvbyMZ Kij m Zuvi whK&i Kij| Avi h Avjvni AvbyMZ Kij bv ev
Zuvi wewawbla cvjb Kij bv, m hZ ewkB Zvmexn cvV KiK Avi KziAvb wZjvIqvZ KiK m hvwKi wnme MY ne
bv|8
G A_ ivm~jyjvn _KI GKwU nv`xm ewYZ| Zveqx Lvwj` Beby Avex Cgivb (125 wn) ejb, ivm~jyjv n
ejQb :

.

h ew Avjvni AvbyMZ Kij m Avjvni whK&i Kij, hwÌ Zvi mvjvZ, wmqvg I KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kg nq| Avi
h Avjvni AevaZv Kij m AvjvnK fyj Mj, hwÌ Zvi mvjvZ, wmqvg I KziAvb wZjvIqvZ ewk nq|9
Avjvgv Avyi ivEd gvbvex GB nv`xmi evLvq ejb : G _K eySv hvq h, whK&ii nvKxKZ Avjvni AvbyMZ Kiv, Zuvi
Contents
28
Av`k cvjb Kiv I wbla eRb Kiv| GRb Kvbv Kvbv Ijx ejQb : whK&ii g~j Avjvni WvK mvov Ìqv| h
ew Avjvni AevaZv ev cvci ga wj _KI gyL Avjvni whK&i Ki m g~jZ Avjvn iveyj Avjvgxbi mv_ Dcnvm wj Ges
Avjvni AvqvZ I weavbK Zvgvkvi e wnmve MnY KiQ|1
Zveqx nvmvb emix ejb : Avjvni whK&i `yB cKvi: c_g cKvi whK&i Zvgvi wbRi I Zvgvi cfiy gvS gyL Rci
gvag Zuvi whK&i Kie| G whK&i LyeB fvj Ges Gi mvIqveI mxgvnxb| wZxq cKvi whK&i Aviv Dg ; Avjvn hv wbla KiQb
Zvi KvQ Zuvi whK&i Kiv| A_vr, Avjvni K_v iY Ki Zuvi wbla Kiv Kg _K weiZ _vKv|2
om
Zveqx wejvj Beby mv` ejb: whK&i `y cKvi: c_g cKvi wRnvi whK&i, G whK&i fvj| wZxq cKvi nvjvj-nvivg I
wewawblai whK&i| mKj Kgi mgq Avjvni Av`k wbla gb ivLv| G whK&i mevg|3
Zveqx gvmiK ejb : hZY ch ewi Kje Avjvni iY iZ AvQ, ZZY m g~jZ mvjvZi ga iqQ,
hwÌ m evRvii ga _vK|4 Ab Zveqx Avey DevB`vn Beby Avyjvn Beby gvmE` ejb: hZY ch ewi Ai
Avjvni iY iZ _vK, ZZY m g~jZ mvjvZi gaB iqQ| hw` Gi mv_ Zvi wRnv I `yB VuvU bovPov Ki (A_vr,
gbi iYi mv_ mv_ hw` gyLI DPviY Ki) Zvnj Zv ne LyeB fvj, ewk KjvYgq|5
1. 6. 2. mvjvZ Avjvni whK&i
mKj cKvi Bev`Zi ga _K mvjvZK weklfve whK&i wnme KziAvb Kixg DjL Kiv nqQ| gnvb Avjvn
Bikv` KiQb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
Ges Avgvi whK&ii Rb mvjvZ cwZv Ki|

nRi KgKvi eYbvi mgq KziAvb Kixg ejv nqQ :
Zvgiv AvivdvZ _K wdi Avmvi ci gvkAvij nvivgi wbKU (gyh`vwjdvq) Avjvni whK&i Kie|7
Avgiv Rvwb, gyh`vwjdvq nvRxMYi Rb cPwjZ Zvmexn, Zvnjxj BZvw` Kvbv whK&i Kiv dih-IqvwRe bq| aygv
gvMwie I Ckvi mvjvZ GK Av`vq Kiv I dRii mvjvZ Av`vq KivB nvRxMYi nR msv weavb| G _K Avgiv eySZ cvwi
h, GLvb Avjvni whK&i ejZ mvjvZ eySvbv nqQ| Bgvg Zvevix ejb : Zvgiv hLb AvivdvZ _K wdi gyh`vwjdvq Pj
Avme ZLb Avjvni whK&i Kie, GLvb whK&i ejZ gvkAvij nvivgi wbKU mvjvZ I `yAv KivK eySvb nqQ|8
Avey mvC` Lyìx I Avey ivBiv (iv) ejQb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:
w
w
.a
ss
h ew ivZ Nyg _K DV Zvi xK RvMve Ges `yRb wgj `y ivKAvZ Zvnvy` Av`vq Kie Avjvni ìevi
Zviv Avjvni k hvwKixb ev mevwaK whK&iKvix I whK&iKvwiYxMYi Af
y ne|9
Zvnj `Lyb Zvnvyì mvjvZ mek whK&i| `yB ivKAvZ Zvnvy` Av`vqKvix Avjvni ìevi k hvwKi nIqvi
ghv`v cjb|
1. 6. 3. mKvj-weKvj Avjvni bvgi whK&i
Avjvn myenvbv Iqv ZvAvjv ejb:
Ges mKvj I weKvj Zvgvi cfyi bvg whK&i Ki|10

Gi evLvq Beby hvB` ejb : mKvji whK&i dRii mvjvZ Ges weKvji whK&i hvnii mvjvZ|11 Bgvg Zvevix ejb
: n gynvv`, Avcwb Avcbvi cfyi bvgi whK&i Kib| mKvj dRii mvjvZ Ges weKvj hvni I Avmii mvjvZi ga Avcwb
Contents
29
ZuvK Zuvi bvg ai WvKzb|

Avjvgv KziZzex ejb: mKvj I weKvj Avcbvi cfyi bvgi whK&i Kib, A_vr w`bi c_g dRii mvjvZ I w`bi
kl hvni I Avmii mvjvZ Avcbvi cfiy Rb Av`vq Kib| Avi ivZ Zuvi Rb mvR`v Kib A_ gvMwie I Ckvi mvjvZ
Av`vq Kib| Avi `xN iv Zuvi Zvmexn Kib A_ ivZ bdj mvjvZ Av`vq Kib|2 Zvdmxi RvjvjvBbi fvlvq: Avcwb
Avcbvi cfiy bvg whK&i Kib mvjvZi ga mKvj I weKvj A_vr dRi, hvni I Avmii mvjvZ|3
1. 6. 4. nR Avjvni whK&i
Avqkv (iv) eYbv KiQb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb :

Rvgvivq Ki wbc Kiv I mvdv gviIqvi ga mvC Kivi weavb Ìqv nqQ aygv Avjvni whK&i cwZvi
Rb|
om
1. 6. 5. Iqvh-bmxnZ Avjvni whK&i

Avgiv BZvc~e `LwQ h, whK&i ki A_ iY Kiv ev Kivbv| KvDK Kvbvfve Avjvni bvg, Yvejx, weavb
ev Avjvni mwnZ mwKZ h Kvbv welq iY KivbvK weklfve KziAvb Kixg I nv`xm kixd whK&i bvg AwfwnZ Kiv
nqQ| gnvb Avjvn ejb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
hLbB Zvì KvQ Zvì cwZcvjKi c _K Kvbv bZzb whK&i Avm, ZLbB Zviv LjvQj Zv keY Ki|5
gnvb Avjvn Ab ejb:
hLbB Zvì KvQ `qvgqi wbKU _K Kvbv bZzb whK&i Avm ZLbB Zviv Zv _K gyL wdwiq bq|6
G `ywU vb Ges Gic Aviv AbK vb whK&i ejZ Iqvh I Dc`k eySvbv nqQ|
gnvb Avjvn ejQb :
hLb evii w`b mvjvZi Rb Avnvb Kiv nq ZLb Zvgiv Avjvni whK&ii w`K avweZ nI|7
Iqvh|
Avjvgv KziZzex ejb : Avjvni whK&i A_vr mvjvZ| mvC` Beby RyevBi cgyL ejQb : Avjvni whK&i A_ LyZ&ev I
w
w
.a
ss
GLvb Avjvni whK&i ejZ Rygy Avi mvjvZi LyZ&ev ev Iqvh eySvb nqQ ej AwaKvsk gydvmwmi I dKxn gZ cKvk
KiQb| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (in) G gZi DciB wbfi KiQb| Kvbv Kvbv gydvmwmi ejQb h, GLvb Avjvni whK&i A_
RygyAvi mvjvZ| Bgvg Zvevix (in) ejb : Avjvn Zuvi gywgb ev`vMYK h whK&ii w`K òvZ wb`k w`qQb m whK&i LyZ&evi
ga Bgvgi Iqvh bmxnZ ...| Bgvg gyRvwn`, mvC` Bebyj gymvBBe cgyL Zveqx gydvmwmi Gic ejQb|8
cwm nvbvdx dKxn I gydvmwmi Avjvgv Avey eKi Avng` Beby Avjx Rvmmvm (370 wn) ejb: G AvqvZ viv
cgvwYZ h, Avjvni whK&i A_vr Bgvgi LyZe& v I Iqvh kvbvi Rb Mgb Kiv dih|10
mvnvex-ZveqxMYi hyM Iqvh bmxnZK whK&i wnme wPwZ Kiv nZ| Iqvh bmxnZi gvRwjmK whK&ii gvRwjm
ejv nZv|11
1. 6. 6. KziAvb Avjvni whK&i I Avjvni bvgi whK&i
KziAvb Kvixgi AbZg bvg whK&i I Avjvni whK&i| KziAvbB whK&i, KziAvbB Iqvh, KziAvbB Dc`k| Avjvn
ejb:
Contents
30
Avwg GwU Avcbvi Dci wZjvIqvZ Kwi hv AvqvZmg~ni Ask Ges cvgq whKi|1

wbq AvwgB whK&i bvwhj KiwQ Ges AvwgB ZvK iv Kie|2
Ges Avwg Avcbvi cwZ whK&i bvwhj KiwQ hb Avcwb gvbeRvwZK myfve eYbv Ki `b Zvì Dci hv
bvwhj nqQ|3
om
Ges GwU GKwU eiKZgq whK&i hv Avwg bvwhj KiwQ|4

Gfve Aviv AbK vb KziAvbK whK&i, Avjvni whK&i, Dc`k I Iqvh wnme DjL Kiv nqQ| Ab Avjvn
ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
asm Zvì Rb hvì Ai Avjvni whK&i _K KwVb|5

GLvbI whK&i ejZ KziAvb eySvbv nqQ| Bgvg Zvevix ejb: Avjvni whK&i A_ KziAvb, hv Avjvn ZvAvjv bvwhj
KiQb Ges Zvi viv Zuvi ev`vìK iY KwiqQb I Dc`k c`vb KiQb|6
KziAvb Kvixgi GKvwaK vb gmwR`jvK Avjvni bvgi whK&ii vb ej DjL Kiv nqQ| hgb, Bikv`
Kiv nqQ:
.a
ss
m NijvZ (gmwR`mg~n) hjvK DP Kivi I hjvi ga Avjvni bvgi whK&i Kivi AbygwZ Avjvn c`vb
KiQb ...|7
Gi Zvdmxi Beby Avevm (iv) ejb: Avjvni bvgi whK&i Kiv nq A_ Avjvni wKZve wZjvIqvZ Kiv nq|8
1. 6. 7. Avjvni bvg Avew ev Rc Kivi whK&i
GZYi AvjvPbvq Avgvi `LwQ h, Avjvni mKj cKvi iYB Avjvni whK&i I Avjvni bvgi whK&i| G KviY
mKj Bev`ZKB KziAvb I mybvn Avjvni whK&i wnme MY Kiv nqQ| Ze mKj Bev`Z whK&i njI G mKj Bev`Zi
c_K c_K bvg AvQ| GQvov Avjvni bvgi YMvb evievi DPviY, Avew ev Rc KivK weklfve KziAvb I mybvn
Avjvni whK&i ej AvLvwqZ Kiv nqQ| KziAvb, nv`xm, Dm~jyj wdKn, wdKn, ZvmvDd mKj ev GKK_vq Bmjvgx
cwifvlvq mvaviYfve whK&i, Avjvni whK&i, Avjvni bvgi whK&i BZvw` ejZ G cKvii whK&i eySvbv nq|
1. 7. whK&i ebvg gvmb~b whK&i
w
w
Avgiv G M g~jZ Gme Avjvni bvg Rc RvZxq whK&ii welqB wevwiZ AvjvPbv Kie, Bb&kv Avjvn|
mnxn nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv Avjvni whK&i, Avjvni bvgi whK&i BZvwì iZ, cqvRbxqZv, ghv`v I Adzi mvIqvei
welq AvjvPbv Kie| Ze c_gB gb ivLv ìKvi h, Avgiv gvmb~b ev mybv Z-mZ, ivm~jjy vn I mvnvexMY KZK
AvPwiZ I cPvwiZ whK&ijv AvjvPbv Kie|

cieZx AvjvPbvq Avgiv Avjvni whK&ii Adzi mvIqve I ghv`vi K_v RvbZ cvie| KD hw` gb Kib h,
whK&i gvb Zv iY Kiv ev Rc Kiv| Avwg BQvgZv hfve cvwi Avjvni iY Kie ev Zuvi bvg Rc Kie| GLvb Avevi
gvmb~b k ev cwZ wkvi cqvRb wK| Zvnj Zvi Rb G M wekl Kvbv DcKvi Avme bv| Avi hw` KD wekvm Kib
h, mvjvZ, wmqvg I Abvb mKj Bev`Zi gZv whK&iI GKwU iZcY~ Bev`Z, G wbRì gbMovfve wKQy bv Ki
AweKj ivm~jjy v n I Zuvi mvnvexMYi AbyKiY, Zuvì AvPwiZ I cPvwiZ k, cwZZ I Zuvì mybvZ Abymvi whK&i
Contents
31
Kie Zvnj ZvK weklfve G eBwU coZ Abyiva Kie|
GLvb DjL h, h Kvbv fvlvq, h Kvbvfve, h Kvbv bvg I h Kvbv k Avjvni K_v gyL ev gb iY
Kij Zv fvlvMZfve whK&i ej MY ne| Gfve iYKvix nqZ whK&ii Rb DjwLZ wKQy mvIqvei AwaKvixI nZ
cvib| GZ Zvi whK&ii `vwqZ b~bZgfve cvwjZ nZI cvi A_ev bvI nZ cvi|
KD hw` gyL ev gb: Avjvn Avjvn, ie ie, gvwjK gvwjK, `qvj `qvj, Lord Lord, Creator Creator, BZvw`
k AvIovq Zvnj fvlvMZ w`K _K GK whK&i ejv ne| GZ Avjvni iY Kivi wKQy mvIqve wgjZI cvi| GZ Zvi
whK&ii Bev`Z cvwjZ nZ cvi, bvI nZ cvi| Ze mybv Z cvjb ne bv| GRb fvlvMZ ev mvaviY whK&i (iY ev Rc) I
gvmb~b ev mybv Z-mZ whK&ii ga cv_K eySv Avgvì Rb LyeB Riwi| GLvb KqKwU D`vniY c`vb KiwQ :
1. 7. 1. c Ren Kivi mgq Avjvni bvgi whK&i

KziAvb Kvixg cvq `k vb c RevB Kivi mgq Avjvni bvgi whK&i KiZ wb`k Ìqv nqQ| hgb, Avjvn
ejb:
om
Ges ZvìK Avjvn h mKj c wiwhK wnme c`vb KiQb mjvi Dci Avjvni bvgi whK&i Kie|1
Ab ejv nqQ :
un
na
ht
ru
st
hvi Dci Avjvni bvg whK&i Kiv nqQ Zv _K fY Ki|
.c
hvi Dci Avjvni bvgi whK&i Kiv nqwb Zv fY Kie bv|

Gfve KziAvb-nv`xm evievi c RevBqi mgq ci Dci Avjvni bvgi whK&i KiZ wb`k Ìqv nqQ| GLb hw`
KD c RevB Kivi mgq h Kvbv fvlvq I h Kvbv evK ev k Avjvni h Kvbv bvg- Avjvn, ivnxg, `qvevb, mv, ie,
cwZcvjK, Lv`v, Lord ev h Kvbv bvg DPviY Ki RevB Kib Zvnj Zvi whK&ii b~bZg `vwqZ cvwjZ ne ej dKxnMY gZ
cKvk KiQb|4 Ze mybvZ-mZ whK&ii `vwqZ cvwjZ ne bv| mybv Z wemwgjvn ev wemwgjvwn Avjv AvKevi ejv|
1. 7. 2. evwoZ cek I Lv` MnYi mgq Avjvni whK&i
Rvwei (iv) ejb, Avwg ivm~jjy vn ()-K ejZ bwQ:
.a
ss

:

:
.
:
w
w
hLb KD Zvi evwoZ cek Kivi mgq Avjvni whK&i Ki Ges Lv` MnYi mgq Avjvni whK&i Ki, ZLb kqZvb
ej : GLvb Zvgvì (kqZvbì) Kvbv Lvevi bB ivZ hvcbi RvqMvI bB| Avi hLb KD Avjvni whK&i bv Ki Zvi
evwo cek Ki, ZLb kqZvb ej : Zvgiv ivZ hvcbi RvqMv cq wMqQ| Avi hw` KD Lv` MnYi mgq Avjvni whK&i
bv Ki, Zvnj kqZvb ej : GLvb Zvgiv Lvevi I ivZ hvcbi RvqMv meB cqQ|5
evwoZ ceki mgq I Lv` MnYi mgq Kvb& k viv Avjvni whK&i KiZ ne Zv ivm~jyjvn Avgvì wkwLqQb|
KD hw` GLvb ay Avjvni bvg DPviY Ki ev Ab Kvbv fvlvq I k Avjvni Kvbv bvg ev YevPK bvgi Rc ev DPviY
Ki Zvnj nqZ Avjvni iYi g~j dhxjZ wKQy Zvi AwRZ njI gvmb~b whK&ii ghv`v _K m ewZ ne|
1. 7. 3. mvjvZi iZ Avjvni bvgi whK&i
Avjvn Zuvi bvgi whK&i Ki mvjvZ Av`vqi wb`k w`q ejb:
Ges Zuvi iei bvgi whK&i Ki mvjvZ Av`vq Kij|
Contents
32
GLvb hw` KD Dcii gZv GKevi ev AbKevi Avjvn ej ev Aviex ev Ab Kvbv fvlvq Avjvni Kvbv
bvg cvV Ki mvjvZ i Kib Zvnj fvlvMZfve Zvi KvRK Avjvi bvg whK&i Ki mvjvZ coj ejv ne| wK kixqZi
weavb Zvi whK&ii Bev`Z cvjb ne bv| Zvi mvjvZ ne bv| GLvb Avjvni bvgi gvmb~b whK&i A_ Avjv AvKevi| Bgvg
Ave~ BDm~d I Abvb Bgvgi gZ GLvb Ab Kvbv whK&i, GgbwK k whKi jv Bjvnv Bjvjv ej mvjvZ i KijI Zvi
whK&ii `vwqZ cvjb ne bv| Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv ejQb, Aviivngvb Avhg, Aviinxgy AvRvj, BZvw` Avjvni ghv`v cKvkK
evKi whK&i viv mvjvZi Zvnixgv euvav Rvqh| wK aygv Avjvni bvg whK&i Kij G whK&ii `vwqZ KvbvfveB cwjZ
ne bv|1
1. 7. 4. AvBqvg ZvkixK Avjvni whK&i

Avjvn ZvAvvjv ejQb :
.c
om
hLb Zvgiv nRi AvnKvg mb Kie ZLb Avjvni whK&i Kie, hfve Zvgvì wcZv-wcZvgnì whK&i KiZ ev
Zvi PqI ewk|2
nRi kl nvRxì wekl ZvKexi-Zvnjxj KiZ nq, hgb :

un
na
ht
ru
st
Avjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi, jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn, Iqv-Avjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi Iqv wjjvwnj nvg` gydvmwmi I
dKxnMY ejQb h, GLvb Avjvni whK&i ejZ G mKj whK&iK eySvb nqQ|3
Avjvn myenvbv Iqv ZvAvjv ejb :
Zvgiv mywbw` w`bjvZ Avjvni whK&i Ki|4

GLvbI whK&i ejZ Dcii mywbw` ZvKexi Zvnjxj eySvbv nqQ| G AvqvZi Dci wbfi KiB C`yj Avhnvi
AvM ci 3/4 w`b mvjvZi ci Avgiv ZvKexi ej _vwK| GLvb hw` KD Avjvni whK&i ejZ aygv Zuvi bvg whK&i Kib
Zvnj Zuvi Bev`Z cwjZ ne bv|
1. 8. Rvqh, mybvZ, Ljvd mybvZ I weÀvZ
w
w
.a
ss
Gfve Avgiv AvwfavwbK whK&i I gvmb~b whK&i Ges Rvqh I mybvZi cv_K eySZ cviwQ| Avgiv `LwQ h, ay
Avjvni gnvb bvg Avjvn ev Ab Kvbv YevPK bvg ev Ab Kvbv fvlvq Zuvi bvg Rc ev iY Kij Zv Rvqh nZ
cvi Ges whK&ii b~bZg chvq cwjZ nZ cvi| wK G cKvii MvBi gvmb~b whK&iK Avgiv ixwZ wnmve MnY KiZ cvie
bv| mybvZi evBi Kvbv wKQyK wbqwgZ cvjbi ixwZ wnme ev wbqwgZ Bev`Z wnmve MnY Kij Zv weÀvZ cvwiYZ
ne Ges Gi viv ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybvZK AcQ` I Aev Kiv ne|
mybv Z, Ljvd mybvZ I weÀvZi ga cv_K RvbZ Ges Rvqh wKfve weÀvZ cwiYZ nq Zv RvbZ cvVKK
GnBqvDm mybvb eBwU coZ Abyiva KiwQ| GLvb msc wbgi welqwj DjL KiwQ:
1. 8. 1. mybv Z
ivm~jjy vn Gi mvgwMK Rxeb cwZB mybvZ| h KvR ivm~jyjvn dih wnmve KiQb Zv dih wnme KivB Zuvi
mybvZ| hv wZwb bdj wnme KiQb Zv bdj wnme KivB Zuvi mybvZ| hv wZwb me`v wbqwgZfve KiQb Zv me`v
wbqwgZfve KivB Zuvi mybvZ| hv wZwb gvS gvS KiQb Zv gvS gvS KivB Zuvi mybv Z| hv wZwb KLbv Kibwb, A_vr
me`v eRb KiQb Zv me`v eRb KivB Zuvi mybvZ| hv wZwb gvS gvS eRb KiQb Zv gvS gvS eRb KivB Zuvi mybvZ|
hme KvR ivm~jjy vn kZmvc ev wbw` Kvbv cwiwwZZ, mgq, vb ev cwZZ KiQb ev KiZ ejQb
ZvK Hme kZmvc ev wb`kbv mvc cvjb KivB mybvZ| hv wZwb Dbyfve ev mvaviYfve KiQb ev KiZ ejQb,
Kvbv wekl mgq, vb, cwiwwZ ev cwZ wbaviY Kibwb ZvK Kvbvic wekl cwZ, mgq ev cwiwwZ ev vb wbaviY
ewZiK Dbyfve cvjb KivB mybvZ|
1. 8. 2. Ljvd mybvZ
Kvbv Kg cvjb ev eRbi iZ, cwZ, , mgq, vb BZvw` h Kvbv welq mybvZi ewk, Kg ev ewZg
Contents
33
Kiv nj Zv Ljvd mybvZ A_vr mybv Zi ewZg ev mybv Zi weivax nq| hgb:
(1) hv wZwb dih wnme KiQb Zv bdj gb Ki cvjb Kiv
(2) hv wZwb bdj wnmve KiQb Zv dihi iZ w`q cvjb Kiv
(3) hv wZwb wbqwgZ KiQb Zv gvSga Kiv
(4) hv wZwb gvS gvS KiQb Zv me`v Kiv
(5) hv wZwb KLbB Kibwb Zv me`v ev gvSgvS Kiv
(6) hv wZwb Kvbv kZmvc ev wbw` Kvbv mgq, vb ev cwZZ KiQb ev KiZ ejQb ZvK kZnxb Dbyfve
cvjb Kiv
(7) hv wZwb Db
y fve KiQb ev KiZ ejQb- hvi Rb Kvbv wekl mgq, vb ev cwZ wbaviY Kibwb- Zv cvjbi Rb
Kvbic wekl cwZ, mgq ev vb wbaviY Kiv
(8) hv wZwb eRb KiQb Zv cvjb Kiv... BZvw` meB Ljvd mybvZ|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
1. 8. 3. weÀvZ
ivm~jyjvn ev mvnvexMY hv ejb wb, Kib wb, ejZ ev KiZ Drmvn ev wb`kbv `b wb m K_v, Kg ev cwZK `xbi
Af
~ KivB weÀvZ| Ljvd mybvZ njB Zv bv-Rvqh ev weÀvZ bq| Ljvd mybv Z Kg ev cwZ mybvZi Abvb `jxji
AvjvK RvqR ev bv-Rvqh nZ cvi, Ze Zv KLbvB `xb ev Bev`Zi Ask nZ cvi bv| Ljvd mybvZ Kg ev cwZK
Bev`Z gb Kij, mybvZ _K Dg gb Kij ev ixwZZ cwiYZ Kij Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ nq|
Dci AvjvwPZ bgybvwj weePbv Kib| c RevBqi mgq wemwgjvn ev wemwgjvwn Avjv AvKevi ejv mybv Z| ay
Avjvn ej RevB Kiv Ljvd mybv Z, Ze AbK dKxn Zv Rvqh ejQb| hw` KD wewfb `jxj w`q G Rvqh KgwUK
mybv Zi Pq Dg ev mybv Zi mgK ej gb Kib A_ev me`v Avjvn ej RevB Kivi ixwZ Dveb Kib Ze Zv weÀvZ
cwiYZ ne| KviY Gi viv wZwb cgvY Kieb h, G ivm~jyjvn () h whK&i wkwLqQb Zv cwic~Y mvIqve, eiKZ I
ejvqvZi Rb h_ bq ev wZwb Zv cQ` KiZ cviQb bv|
Abyicfve evwoZ ceki mgq, Lv` MnYi mgq, mKvj, weKvj, mvq, ivZ, mvivw`b, evRvi, cuvP Iqv mvjvZi
ci I Gic mKj vb KD hw` gvmb~b whK&i ev` w`q aygv Avjvni bvg, bvgi A_, YevPK bvg BZvw` Rc Ki ev GK
vbi whK&i Ab vb Kib Zv Kvbv Kvbv Rvqh njI mybv Zi Ljvd ne| Avi G mKj Ljvd mybvZ whK&i mybvZi
Pq Dg gb Kij ev ixwZ wnme MnY Kij mybvZK Aenjv I AcQ` Kiv ne| ZLb Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ nq|
Ab w`K mvjvZ ii gvmb~b whKi Avjv AvKevi I Lv` MnYi gvmb~b whKi wemwgjvn| RevB Kivi gvmb~b whKi
wemwgjvwn Avjv AvKevi-K `jxj wnme ck Ki mvjvZi iZ ev Lv` MnYi iZ wemwgjvwn Avjv AvKevi ejvK ay
wemwgjvn ev ay Avjv AvKevi ejvi mgvb mvIqve ev Zvi Pq Dg gb Kib A_ev gvmb~b whKi cwiZvM Ki G `jxj wbfi
whKiK mvjvZ ev Lv` MnYi mgq ejv ixwZZ cwiYZ Kib Ze Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ ne|
1. 8. 4. mybv Z-gy `jxj-B weÀvZi wfw
Dcii D`vniY _K Avgiv `LwQ h, KziAvb-nv`xmi `jxj w`qB weÀvZ Dveb Kiv nq| `jxj I mybvZi mg^q
bv Kiv ev GK Bev`Zi `jxjK Ab Bev`Z cqvM KivB weÀvZi g~j KviY|
gb Kib Avwg GKRb cxi mvnei gyix`| Avwg `LZ cjvg h Avgvi cxi gvS gvS Kvjv cvMwo I gvS gvS
mv`v cvMwo eenvi Kib| Avwg fvjKi j Ki `LZ cjvg h, wZwb evi RygAvi mvjvZi Rb mv`v cvMox eenvi
Kib| Abvb w`b wZwb Kvjv cvMwo eenvi Kib| GLb GKRb f Abymvix wnmve hw` AvwgI e Zuvi gZv evi mv`v
cvMwo I Abvb w`b Kvjv cvMwo eenvi Kwi Zvnj AvgvK cKZ I cwic~Y Abymvix ejv ne| wK Avwg hw` GLvb wbRi
weeK I weePbvK KvR jvwMq me`v mv`v cvMwo eenvi Kwi Zvnj Avgvi Abvb cxifvB ^fveZB AvgvK c~Y Abymvix
ejeb bv Ges AvgvK cxii Kgi weivwaZvi Rb ck Kieb| Zvì cki Reve Avwg ejZ cvie, evi nQ mevg
w`b Ges G w`b Avgvi cxi mv`v cvMwo eenvi Kib| Gviv cgvwYZ nq h, Kvjv cvMwo eenvii Pq mv`v cvMwo eenviB
Dg| cxi wbR Abvb w`b Kvjv cvMwo eenvi KiZb AgyK ev ZgyK KviY, Ze wZwb wbRi Kg viv cgvY KiQb h,
me`v mv`v cvMwo eenviB Dg| ZvB Avwg mKj w`bB mv`v cvMwo eenvi Kwi| Avgvi hyw I `wjj hZB AKvU nvK Avgvi
cxi fvBqiv AvgvK c~Y Abymvix ej gvbeb bv, eis whwb cxii e AbyKiY Ki evi mv`v cvMwo I Ab w`b Kvjv
cvMwo cib ZvKB e AbymiYKvix ejeb| AvgvK DvebKvix ejeb| nqZ KD ejI emeb, Zzwg Gfve mv`v cvMwoi
dhxjZ Avwevi Kij, A_P Zvgvi cxi Zv eySZ cvijb bv, Zzwg wK Zuvi PqI ewk eyS?
mybv Zi AvjvK GKwU D`vniY weePbv Kib| wewfb mnxn nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, ivm~jjy v n AbK mgq wekl
wbqvgZ jvf Kij ev mymsev` cj Avjvni ìevi KZZv cKvki Rb Kwiqv mvR`v KiZb| GLb hw` KD GmKj
nv`xmi AvjvK cwZw`b cuvP Iqv mvjvZi ci wbqwgZ GKwU Ki Kwiqv mvR`v Ìqvi cPjb Kib Ze ZvK KLbvB
Contents
om
34
Abymvix ejv hve bv| ZvK DveK ejZ ne| wZwb nqZ AbK AKvU `wjj ck Kieb| wZwb nqZ ejeb: (1)
Kwiqv mvR`vi cgvY nv`xm I wdKni M 100wU AKvU `jxj we`gvb, (2) h Kvbv wbqvgZ jvfi ciB Kwiqv mvR`v
Kiv mybv Z, (3) gywgbi Rxebi mePq eo wbqvgZ mvjvZ Av`vqi ZvIdxK, (4) G wbqvgZ jvfi ci h Kwiqv mvR`v Ki bv
m AKZ ev`v, (5) h ev`v mvb jvfi msev` A_ev PvKwi cvIqvi msev` Kwiqv Ki A_P Rxebi k wbqvgZ mvjvZ
Av`vq ZwdK cq mvR`v Ki bv m AKZ ev`v !
wZwb nqZ ejeb, (1) G mvR`v h wbla Ki m eqvKzd, Avey Rvnj ev Bqvwhì Abymvix! KviY m, Avjvni ìevi
Kwiqv RvbvZ ev`vK wbla KiQ, (2) Kv_vI wK AvQ h, wekl Kvbv wbqvgZi Rb mvR`vq K&i Av`vq Kiv hve bv? (3)
ivm~jyjvn wK KLbv mvjvZi ci Kivbv mvR`v KiZ wbla KiQb? (4) GQvov mvR`vi mgq `yAv Keyj nq Zv cgvwYZ,
(5) mvjvZi ci `yAv Keyj nq ZvI cgvwYZ| KvRB, cZK mvjvZi ci mvR`v Kiv I mvR`vi ga `yAv Kiv mybv Z|
Gic AbK K_vB wZwb ejZ cvieb| AMwYZ AKvU cgvY wZwb c`vb Kieb| wK KLbB Avgiv ZuvK mybvZ beexi
Abymvix ejZ cvie bv| KviY cuvP Iqv mvjvZ wbqwgZ ivm~jyjvn AvRxeb Av`vq KiQb, Zuvi mvnvexMYI KiQb, wK KD
KLbvB mvjvZ Av`vqi wbqvgZ jvfi ci Kwiqvi mvR`v Kibwb| KvRB, mvjvZi ci Kivbv mvR`v bv KivB Zuvì mybvZ|
mvR`vi c_v G mybv ZK gi dje| AbyKiYwcq mybvZ cwgKi ck: Avgiv wK ivm~jyjv n -Gi PqI ewk KZ ev`v nZ
PvB? G mKj AKvU `wjji gvag Avgiv wK ivm~jyjv n I Zuvi mvnvexMYKB AKZ I nq ej cgvwYZ KiwQ bv?
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
1. 8. 5. Dveb I weÀvZ ebvg wKqvm I BRwZnv`

cvVK ck KiZ cvib h, mybv ZB wK me? Zvnj BRgv, wKqvm, BRwZnv` BZvwì Aevb Kv_vq? eZ mybvZi
I BRgv, wKqvm I BRwZnvì m~Y wfb| hLvb mybv Z bB mLvbB BRgv, wKqvm I BRwZnv` cqvRb| g~jZ BRwZnvì
wZbwU:
(K) gvmb~b Kgi iZ wbaviY| hgb: ivm~jjy vn () DvZK mvjvZ wkv w`qQb| wK Kvb KvRwU dih, KvbwU
gyvnve BZvw` wevwiZ ejb wb| mybvZi AvjvK gyRZvwn` Zv wbYq Kivi Pv Kib|
(L) GKvwaK mybv Zi mg^q| hgb mvjvZi iKzi mgq nvZ DVvbv A_ev bv DVvbv, Bgvgi wcQb m~iv dvwZnv cvV
Kiv A_ev bv Kiv BZvw`| Gic AbK welq GKvwaK mybv Z we`gvb, wK P~ov mg^q mybvZ bB| G gyRZvwn` cvmwK
cgvYvw` I wKqvmi wfwZ Gjvi mg^q Ìqvi Pv Kib|
(M) bZzb welqi weavb `vb| gvBK, Uwjdvb, cb BZvw` beex hyMi ci DvweZ welq KziAvb-nv`xm wKQz ejv nq
wb| KziAvb-nv`xmi cvmwK wb`kvewji AvjvK wKqvm I BRwZnvì gvag Gjvi weavb AeMZ nIqvi Pv Kib
gyRZvwn`| Kvbv BRwZnv`x welq gymwjg Dvni mKjB GKgZ nj ZvK BRgv ev HKgZ ejv nq|
Gfve Avgiv `wL h, KziAvb-mybvn h welq wmv iqQ m welq Kvbv wKqvm ev BRwZnvì myhvM bB|
Avjvn ev Zuvi ivm~j () h welq my wb`kbv w`qQb m welq Avevi BRwZnv`, wKqvm ev BRgvi Kvbv cqvRbi K_v
Kvbv gywgb wPvI KiZ cvib bv|
Avi GRbB wKqvm, BRgv ev BRwZnv` viv Kvbv Bev`Z-e`wMi cwZ Zwi, Dveb, cwieZb ev mshvRb Kiv
hvq bv| hgb BRwZnv` ev wKqvmi gvag Rvi ev Av Avgxb ejvi welq weavb, Mgi Dci wKqvm Ki PvDji weavb,
cb, gvBK BZvwì weavb c`vb Kiv hvq| wK mvjvZi ga Av Avgxb ejvi Dci wKqvm Ki C`yj Avhnvi w`bjvZ
mvjvZi cii ZvKexi Av ejvi weavb Ìqv hvq bv, mvjvZi ga Rvi Avgxb ejvi Dci wKqvm Ki mvjvZi ci
Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, ZvKexi, AvqvZzj Kzimx BZvw` Rvi covi weavb Ìqv hvq bv, mdi mvjvZ Kmi Kivi Dci wKqvm Ki
wmqvg Kmi ev AaK Kivi weavb Ìqv hvq bv, ni mgq Bnivg cwiavbi Dci wKqvm Ki mvjvZi ga Bnivg
cwiavbi weavb Ìqv hvq bv...|
cZK Bev`Zi ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybvZ e AbyKiY KiZ ne| GgbwK ivgv`vb gvm RvgvZ mvjvZzj weZi
Av`vqi Dci wKqvm Ki KD Ab mgq RvgvZ weZ&i Av`vqi weavb w`Z cvib bv| weZii ga ùvwoq `yAv Kivi Dci
wKqvm Ki mvjvZi cii `yAv Kivi mgq ùvovbvi weavb w`Z cvib bv| ùvwoq mvjvZ Av`vqi Dci wKqvm Ki ùvwoq whK&i
ev KziAvb wZjvIqvZK Dg ejZ cvib bv|
Abyicfve BRgv, wKqvm ev BRwZnvì gvag ivm~jyjvn I mvnvexMYi hyM wQj bv Ggb Kvbv wKQzK `xbi
Ask evbvbv hvq bv| hgb BRwnZvì gvag cb Po n Mgb, gvBK Avhvb Ìqv BZvwì welq Rvqh ev bv-Rvqh
weavb Ìqv hvq, wK cb Po n Mgb ev gvBK Avhvb ÌqvK `xbi Ask evbvbv hvq bv| KD ejZ cvib bv h,
cb Qvov Ab evnb n Mgb Kij mvIqve ev eiKZ Kg ne ev evBZzjvni mv_ Avèi Ac~YZv _vKe|
Abyicfve KD ejZ cvib bv h, gvBK Avhvb bv w`j Avhvbi Bev`Z Ac~Y _vKe| mKj BRwZnv`x welqB Gic|
mvnvexMYi hyM _K gymwjg Dvni AvwjgMY BRgv-wKqvm Ges weÀvZi ga my cv_K iv KiQb| mvjvZzj
weZii ivKAvZ, mvjvZi ga nvZ DVvbv, Avgxb ejv, m~iv dvwZnv cvV, eemv-evwYRi bZzb bZzb cwZi weavb BZvw` AMwYZ
welq mvnvex, Zvweqx I Zvwe-Zvweqx AvwjgMY wKqvm I BRwZnv` KiQb Ges gZf` KiQb| G welqK gZfì KviY Zuviv
Contents
35
KvDK wb`v Kib wb ev weÀvZx ejb wb|
cvi Bev`Z-e`wMi cwZi ga ivm~jyjv n I Zuvi mvnvexMYi cwZi mvgvbZg ewZg Kij ZvZ Avcw
KiQb Ges weÀvZ ejQb| G RvZxq AbK NUbv wevwiZ Z_m~ mn GnBqvDm mybvb M AvjvPbv KiwQ| Avgiv `LwQ
h, `jefve MYbv Ki whK&i KiZ `L KwVbfve Avcw KiQb Beby gvmE` (iv)| Avhvbi ci wgbvivq DV WvKvWvwK
KiZ `L KwVb Avcw KiQb Beby Dgvi (iv)| nuvwPi ci `yAvi ga Avj-nvg`y wjjvn-Gi mv_ ì` cvV KiZ Avcw
KiQb Beby Dgvi (iv)| mvjvZi ci mk jv Bjvnv Bjvjv Avjv AvKevi ejZ `L Avcw KiQb cwm Zvweqx Avex`vn
Beby Avgi| Gic AMwYZ NUbv Avgiv nv`xmi MjvZ `LZ cvB|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Gfve Avgiv eySZ cviwQ h, Bev`Z cvjbi cwZi mv_ BRgv, wKqvm ev BRwZnvì Kvbv mK bB| G
mybvZi cwic~Y I e AbymiYB Bev`Z Keyj nIqvi I mvIqve ewk nIqvi g~j c_| G welqK AvqvZ I nv`xmmg~n GnBqvDm
mybvb M wevwiZ AvjvPbv KiwQ| mybvZi e AbymiYi AvMnB Avgiv G cyK iPbv KiwQ| whKi-AvhKvi I ejvqvZi
c_ ZvhwKqvq bvdm ev AvZwi mKj Kg ivm~jjy vn -Gi e AbymiYB Avgvì G eBqi g~j cwZcv`| wZwb KLb
Kvb Bev`Z Kx-fve KiQb ev KiZ ejQb Zv RvbZ Avgiv cvYcY Pv Kie Ges e Zvi AbymiYi Pv Kie| Zuvi
mybvZK K` Ki Dvebv _K weiZ _vKe|
Avgiv `LwQ h, vb hic mybvZi AbymiYi w`K avweZ Ki, Abyicfve mybv Zi vb AbK mgq mybvZ
cwiZvM Ki bZzb Dvebvi w`KI avweZ Ki| gymwjg wek mKj mybvZ-weivax ev mybvZ-AwZwi-Dvebvi wcQb mg_b
hywMqQb wKQy cv Avwjg I cwZ| DvebgyLx vbx ew Zuvi vbi Dci Avvkxj| wZwb `pfve wekvm Kib h, wZwb
mybvZK GZ ewk Mfxifve eySQb h, GLb Gi Dci wfw Ki bZzb bZzb welq Dveb Kivi gZv Zuvi AwRZ nqQ|
Aci w`K AbymiYKvix mij cwgK| wZwb ivm~jyjvn -K mgM `q w`q fvjevmb| fvjevmb Zuvi mybvZK| Zuvi
mybvZKB GKgv bvRvZ, ejvqvZ, KvgvjvZ I mKj wbqvgZi Drm gb Kib| ZvB e Zuvi AbymiY KiZ Pvb| wZwb
Zuvi vbi Dci AZewk Avvkxj bb| ZvB wZwb Dvebi Pq AbymiYK wbivc` gb Kib|
gynZvivg cvVK, AvwgI Avgvi vbi Dci ev Ab Kviv vbi Dci AZewk Avvkxj bB, hic Avvkxj
ivm~jjy vn I Zuvi mvnvexMYi Dci| AvwgI ivm~jyjv n -Gi e AbymiYKB wbivc` ej gb Kwi| GKB Avwg bvRvZ,
KvgvjvZ I mKj wbqvgZi GKgv c_ ej wekvm Kwi| G cyKwUI G aibi mij Abymvixì Rb jLv, hviv Dvebi
Pq e AbymiY KivKB wbivc` gb Kib|
mybvZi evBi Bev`Z e`wM Keyj ne bv ej AbK nv`xm ejv nqQ| hwÌ cieZx AbK cv Avwjg Avkv m
w`qQb h, Ljvd mybvZ AbK KgB Avjvn Keyj Ki wekl mvIqve wèb, wK AbK gywgbi gb GZ ^w cvq bv|
Zuviv mybvZi evBi hZ Pvb bv| Yvqx G Rxeb| Bev`Z e`wM KZUzKBz ev KiZ cvwi| G mvgvb KvRI hw` Avevi
evwZj nq hvq Zvnj Zv Zv mxgvnxb `yfvM| GRb Zuviv mnxn nv`xm viv cgvwYZ mybv Z mZ Avgj mK RvbZ
AvMnx| Zuvì DkB G cyK jLv|
1. 8. 6. k ebvg evK
Avgiv eySZ cviwQ h, Avjvni whK&i GKwU Bev`Z| ivm~jjy vn wevwiZfve G Bev`Zi mKj cwZ I evK
wkwLqQb| wZwb hLvb h evK wkv w`qQb mLvb Zv ejjB cKZ
Avjvni whK&ii Bev`Z Av`vq ne| nRi gvVi Avjvni
whK&i, Cì w`bjvi Avjvni whK&i, Ni ceki Avjvni whK&i, Lvevi MnYi Avjvni whK&i, mKvj mvq Avjvni whK&i ...
BZvw` meB Avjvni whK&i| wK cZK cKvi whK&ii Rb c_K c_K gvmb~b evK iqQ| gbMovfve evbvbv whK&i Kij, ev
ivm~jyjvn -Gi wkvi evBi gbMovfve gnvb Avjvni bvg Rc Kij, A_ev GK vb ev mgqi whK&i Ab vb eenvi Kij
mybv Zi weivwaZv Kiv ne| Avgiv m`v me`v Zuvi mybv Zi e AbymiYi Pv Kie|
GLvb DjL h, AMwYZ nv`xm I mvnvexMYi Rxebi AMwYZ NUbvq Avgiv AmsL whK&i-AvhKvi `wL| G mKj
whK&ii GKwU gwjK ewk Gjv meB evK hv cwic~Y A_ cKvk Ki| AMwYZ nv`xmi GKwUZI Ges mvnvexZveqxMYi Rxeb AvPwiZ AMwYZ NUbvi ga Avgiv `LZ cvB bv h, aygv GKwU k ev aygv Avjvni bvg Rc Ki
whK&i KiZ ejv nqQ| me GKvwaK ki mg^q MwVZ evKi gvag Avjvni bvgi wZKB whK&i ejv nqQ|
gvmb~b whK&ii g~j ewk ay Avjvni bvg Rc bq, Avjvni bvgi wZ, cksmv, gwngv I ghv`v Rc Kiv ev evievi DPviY I
Avew Kiv|
gnvb, gnvcwe Avjvn iveyj Avjvgxbi gnvb bvgi cksmv, ghv`v, gnZ, kZ, GKZ BZvw` cKvkK evK
evievi Rc Kivi gvag Avjvni iY KivK KziAvb I nv`xm Avjvni whK&i ej DjL Kiv nqQ| KziAvb I nv`xm
DjwLZ G mKj Rcg~jK evKvwì g~j PviwU evK : myenvbvjvn, Avjnvg`y wjjvn, Avjv AvKevi I jv-Bjvnv Bjvjvn|
cg evK - jv nvIjv Iqv jv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn| GQvov Gjvi mg^q I cvmwK Aviv AbK evK KziAvb I nv`xm
wkv Ìqv nqQ| Avgiv cieZx mgq gvmb~b Rcg~jK whK&ii cKvi I kvejx AvjvPbv Kie| G mKj evKvw` evievi
wbw` msLvq ev Awbw`fve AMwYZevi Rc Kiv ev AvIovbvK weklfve KziAvb I nv`xm whK&i ej DjL Kiv nqQ|
Contents

G welq AMwYZ nv`xm Avgiv cieZx AvjvPbvq `Le| GLvb GKwU nv`xm DjL KiwQ h nv`xm Avjvni
whK&i A_ Kx Zv myfve DjL Kiv nqQ| bygvb Beby evkxi (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejQb:
36

Avjvni ghv`vq hviv Avjvni whK&i Kib: Zuvi Zvmexn myenvbvjvn, Zvngx` Avj-nvg`y wjjvn, ZvKexi Avjv
AvKevi I Zvnjxj jv-Bjvnv Bjvjvn Rc Kib Zuvì G mKj whK&i Aviki cvk Rwoq _vK ggvwQi bi gZv
bb Ki hvwKi-Gi K_v iY Kwiq w`Z _vKb| Zvgvì KD wK Pvq bv h, Kvbv wKQz me`v Avjvni KvQ Zvi K_v
iY KivZ _vKe|1
1. 9. Avjvni whK&ii mvaviY dhxjZ
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avgiv Dci whK&ii cKvi I cKiY RbwQ| whK&ii dhxjZi ga mKj cKvii whK&iB Gm hvq| Ze nv`xm
mvaviYZ wekl whK&i ev Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, ZvKexi BZvw`K eySvbv nqQ|
Bgvg eyLvix Zuvi mnxn M whK&ii dhxjZ welqK Aavqi bvgKiY KiQb: Avjvni whK&ii
dhxjZi Aavq| Avjvgv Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx G bvgi evLvq ejb: Avjvni whK&ii dhxjZ GLvb whK&i A_ m mKj
k ev evK DPviY Kiv hv ejj mvIqve ne ej wewfb nv`xm ejv nqQ ; hgb myenvbvjvn, Avjnvg`ywjvn, jv-Bjvnv
Bjvjvn, Avjv AvKevi ejv| GmKj evKi mv_ m Abvb evK , hgb: jv nvIjv Iqv jv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn,
wemwgjvn, nvmeybvjvn, BwMdvi BZvw` ejv, `ywbqv I AvLivZi KjvY Kvgbv Ki `yAv Kiv, meB whK&i| GQvov h Kvbv
dih ev bdj KvR wbqwgZ KivKI whK&i ej MY Kiv nq| hgb, KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kiv, nv`xm cvV Kiv, vb PPv Kiv, bdj
mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv|
Aciw`K whK&i aygv wRnvi vivI nZ cvi| wRnvi DPviYi KviY DPviYKvix mvIqve cveb| DPviYi
mgq DPvwiZ evKi A_ gbi ga DcwZ _vKv kZ bq| Ze kZ h, D DPvwiZ evKi wecixZ Kvbv A_ Zvi Dk
ne bv| gyLi DPviYi mv_ mv_ hw` Aii iY (Kjex whK&i) mshy nq Zvnj Zv ne Dg I cwic~YZi| Avi hw`
Gi mv_ whK&ii evKi A_ cwic~Yi c gbi ga DcwZ _vK, Zvnj Zv Aviv c~YZv cve| mvjvZ, wRnv` ev h Kvbv
dih Bev`Z hw` Gic Aev DcwZ _vK Zvnj ZvI c~YZv cve| mevcwi cwic~Y BLjvm, AvwiKZv I Aii cwic~Y
ZvIqvyn hw` Avjvni cwZ nq Zvnj Zv ne mevg KvgvjvZ I mevP c~YZv|
dvLixb ivhx (in) whK&iK wZb fvM fvM KiQb| gyLi ev wRnvi whK&i myenvbvjvn, Avjnvg`ywjvn, Avjv
AvKevi BZvw` kvejx gyL DPviY Kiv| Kvjei ev gbi whK&i Avjvni RvZ, Yvejx, weavbvejx, Av`k, wbla BZvw`
welq wPv-MelYv Kiv| Avi AcZi whK&i mKj AcZi m`v me`v Avjvni AvbyMZ iZ _vKv| Avi GRbB
mvjvZK KziAvb whK&i ejv nqQ| Kvbv Kvbv eyRyM ejQb: whK&i 7 fve Kiv nq PvLi whK&i `b, Kvbi whK&i
gbvhvM w`q Avjvni K_v keY Kiv, gyLi whK&i Avjvni cksmv Kiv, nvZi whK&i `vb Kiv, `ni whK&i Avjvni weavb
cvjb Kiv, Kjei whK&i Avjvni fq fxZ nIqv I Avjvni ingZi Avkv Kiv Ges AvZvi whK&i Avjvni ZvK`xi I
dqmvjvi Dci cwic~Y ivwR I m nIqv|2
gvjv Avjx Kvix (1014 wn) ejb : Avjvgv Bebyj Rvhvix (808 wn) ejQb: whK&ii dhxjZ ay Zvmexn, Zvnjxj,
ZvKexi BZvwì ga mxgve bq| eis whwbB Avjvni AvbyMZ wj ev Avjvni AvbyMZg~jK Kvbv Kg wj AvQb wZwbB
whK&i wj AvQb ev wZwbB hvwKi| mek whK&i KziAvb Kvixg, Ze ivm~jyjvn hLvb KziAvb Qvov Ab wKQyi gvag
whK&ii weavb w`qQb mLvb mB whK&iB Dg, hgb iKz I mvR`vi Aevq| Ab mKj k whK&i KziAvb|3
gvjv Avjx Kvix Ab ejb: Avjvni whK&i A_ H mKj whK&i hv Rc Kij ev cvV Kij Avjvni mw jvf Kiv
hve| hgb, KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, mvjvZ cvV, Zvmexn-Zvnjxj, wcZvgvZvi Rb `yAv ev Abyic whK&ivw`| Avi Avjvni
whK&iKvix ejZ ZuvK eySvb nq whwb nv`xm ewYZ gvmb~b whK&ijv mKj mgq I Aevq cvjb Kib|4
Gfve Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, whK&ii dhxjZ-vcK nv`xmmg~n mvaviYZ whK&i ejZ Zvmexn, Zvnjxj BZvw` AvhKvi
eySvbv nqQ| GQvov mKj cKvii Bev`Z I AvbyMZB whK&ii Af
y | Avgiv GLvb whK&ii dhxjZ-vcK wKQy mnxn ev
nvmvb nv`xm AvjvPbv Kie| `y-GKwU hqxd nv`xm cmZ DjL Kij Avwg Zvi `yejZv eYbv Kie, Bb&kv Avjvn| Avjvni
KvQ ZvIdxK cv_bv KiwQ|
nv`xm kixd KqKfve whK&ii dhxjZ eYbv Kiv nqQ: (1). mvaviYfve whK&ii dhxjZ, (2). cZK cKvi
Contents

whK&ii Rb wekl dhxjZ Ges (3). wekl mgqi wekl whK&ii dhxjZ| c_g Avgiv whK&ii mvaviY dhxjZ
welqK wKQz nv`xm AvjvPbv Kie|
(1). Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb :
37

...
wbtm GKvKx gvbyliv GwMq Mj| mvnvexMY ck Kijb : n Avjvni ivm~j, gydviiv` ev GKvKx gvbyliv Kviv
? wZwb ejb : Avjvni ewk ewk whK&iKvixMY|1
Ab eYbvq wZwb ejb :
om
GKvKx AMMvgxMY hviv me`v ecivqvfve Avjvni whK&i Kib I whKi g _vKb| whK&ii KviY Zuvì
(Mvbvni) evSv nvv nq hve| GRb wKqvgZi w`b Zuviv nvv nq nvwRi neb|2
(2). gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb: ivm~jyjv n -Gi mv_ Avgvi mekl h K_vwU nqwQj, h K_vwU ej Avwg Zuvi
_K kl we`vq wbqwQjvg Zv njv, Avwg ck KiwQjvg: n Avjvni ivm~j, Avjvni wbKU mek I mePq wcq Avgj (Kg)
KvbwU? wZwb ejb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
Avjvni wbKU mePq wcq Kg h, Zzwg hLb gZz eiY Kie ZLbv Zvgiv wRnv Avjvni whK&i Av` _vKe|3
A_vr, m`v me`v gywgb gyL Avjvni whK&i Kie| Gic nj Zuvi hLb gZz ne ZLbv Zuvi Revb whK&iB e
_vKe|
(3). Avyjvn Beby eymi (iv) ejb: GK ew ejb, Bqv ivm~jvjvn, Bmjvgi weavbvejx Avgvi Rb ewk nq wMqQ|
AvgvK Ggb GKwU Avgj ej w`b hv Avwg `pfve AuvKo ai _vKe| wZwb ejb :
(
)

Zvgvi wRnv hb me`v Avjvni whK&i Av` _vK| nv`xmwU mnxn|4

(4). Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb: 7 cKvii gvbylK Avjvn wKqvgZi w`b Zuvi (Aviki) QvqvZj
Avkq wèb hw`b Zuvi Qvqv Qvov Kvbv Qvqv _vKe bv| Zuvì ga GK kYx:
ss
h ew GKvKx Avjvni whK&i KiQb Avi Zuvi PvL _K Aki aviv bgQ|5
(5). Avey g~mv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
.a
h Ni Avjvni whK&i nq Avi h Ni Avjvni whK&i nq bv Zvì Zzjbv RxweZ I gZi bvq|6
(6). Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb :
w
w

...
h ew dRii mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq Kie, Gici em m~hv`q ch Avjvni whK&i iZ _vKe| Gici m `yB
ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kie, m GKwU nR I GKwU Igivi mvIqve cve, cwic~Y, cwic~Y, cwic~Y (nR I Igivi mvIqve)|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|7
G A_ Aviv AbK mnxn nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| cieZxZ wbw` Aavq Avgviv G welq wevwiZ AvjvPbvi Kie,
Bb&kv Avjvn|
(7). Avey `vi`v (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ()ejQb :
Contents
38
.
: :

Avwg wK ZvgvìK eje bv Zvgvì Rb mevg Kg Kvb&wU? Zvgvì cfiy wbKU mePq cwe, Zvgvì
Rb mePq DuPz ghv`vi KviY, ^Y I ic `vb Kivi PqI Dg, wRnvì gq`vb ki gyLvgywL nq k wbab KiZ
KiZ kvnv`Z eiY Kivi _KI Dg Kg wK Zv-wK ZvgvìK eje? mvnvexMY ejjb : n Avjvni ivm~j, mB KgwU Kx?
wZwb ejjb : Avjvni whK&i| gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb: Avjvni kvw _K iv cvIqvi Rb Avjvni whK&i _K Dg
Kvbv Avgj Kvbv gvbyl Ki wb| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
(8). Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv) ivm~jyjvn _K eYbv KiQb:
om
Zvgiv ewk ewk Avjvni whK&i Ki hb gvbyliv ZvgvìK cvMj ej| nv`xmwUK Kvbv Kvbv gynvwm mnxn
ev nvmvb ej MY KiQb| Abvb gynvwm nv`xmwUK `yej ej cgvY KiQb|2
(9). GKwU AZ hqxd nv`xm Beby Avevm (iv) _K ewYZ:
.c
Zvgiv Ggbfve ewk ewk Avjvni whK&i Kie hb gybvwdKiv ej h, Zvgiv wiqvKvix|3
(10). Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb, Avjvn ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
Avgvi ev`v hZY Avgvi whK&i Ki Ges Avgvi Rb Zvi `y VuvU bovPov Ki ZZY Avwg Zuvi mv_ AvwQ|4
(11). Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
AbK gvbyl `ywbqvZ myì cwicvwU weQvbvq Avjvni whK&i Kieb, whK&i ZuvìK DP RvbvZi ga cek
Kive| nv`xmwUi mb` wKQy `yejZv AvQ| Ze nvBmvgx nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb ejQb|5
(12). gyAvh (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb:
ss
:

: .

w
w
.a
Avhve _K ivi Rb Kvbv gvbyl Avjvni whK&ii Pq Dg Kvbv Avgj KLbv KiZ cviwb (Avhve _K
ivi Rb whK&ii Pq Dg Avgj Avi wKQyB bB)| ZuvK ck Kiv njv : Avjvni ivvq wRnvÌ wK whK&ii Pq Dg
bq? wZwb ejb : Avjvni ivvq wRnvÌ whK&ii Pq Dg bq, Ze hw` m Zuvi Zievwi viv AvNvZ KiZ KiZ kl nq
hvq (Zvnj Zv whK&ii Pq Dg nZ cvi)|6 Rvwei (iv) _KI GKB A_ AviKwU nv`xm ewYZ AvQ|7
(13). Avey g~mv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb :
hw` Kvbv ewi KvQ wKQy UvKv _vK Ges m Zv `vb KiZ _vK Avi Aci ew Avjvni whK&i Ki, Zvnj
Avjvni whK&iKvixB Dg ej MY ne|8
(14). Avyjvn Beby Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:

(
)
Avjvni whK&ii Pq Dg Kvbv mv`Kvn ev `vb bB|
Contents

(15). gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjvn -K ejjvg, AvgvK ImxqZ Kib| wZwb ejjb
39

Zzwg h_vme AvjvnK fq Ki (ZvKIqv AuvKo ai) Pje| cZK cv_i I MvQi wbKU Avjvni whK&i Kie|
Kvbv cvc ev Abvq Kij bZzb Ki Avjvni KvQ ZvIev Kie; Mvcbi Rb Mvcb I cKvki Rb cKvk|1
(16). Beby Avevm I Ave~ Dgvgv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:
.c
om
Zvgvì ga h ivZ RM Bev`Z KiZ Ag nq co, KcYZvi KviY m` `vb KiZ cvi bv, KvcyilZvi
KviY ki wei wRnv` KiZ Ag nq, m hb ewk ewk Avjvni whK&i Ki, m hb ewk ewk Ki ej: myenvbvjvwn
Iqv wenvgw`nx| KviY, Zv Avjvni wbKU ^Yi cvnvo Avjvni ivvq eq Kivi PqI AwaK wcq| nv`xmwU mnxn wj-MvBwinx
chvqi |2
(17) mnxn nv`xm Avyjv n Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st

.
Zvgvì ga h `yej Zv I KvcyilZvi KviY ivZ RM Bev`Z KiZ I ki wei wRnv` KiZ AcviM nq
Ges KcYZvi KviY m` eq KiZ Amg_ nq m hb ewk ewk Ki ej: myenvbvjvn, Avj-nvg`y wjjvn, jv Bjvnv
Bjvjv, Avjvn AvKevi|3
cvVK, AvgvìK gb ivLZ ne h, Gjv meB bdj mvjvZ, bdj wRnv`, bdj `vb BZvwì | G mKj
nv`xm wb`k Ki h, Abvb bdj Bev`Zi Pq bdj whKii iZ AbK ewk|
(18). gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
ss
RvbvZi AwaevmxMY `ywbqvi Kvbv wKQyi Rb Avdmvm Kieb bv, aygv h gyn~Z jv Avjvni whK&i Qvov
AwZevwnZ nq wMqQ mjvi Rb Zuviv Avdmvm Kieb|4
(20). Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
w
w
.a

)

(
)
(
.
hw` KqKRb gvbyl Kv_vI GK em wK m eVK Zviv Avjvni whK&i bv Ki Ze Zv Zvì Rb wZKi
ne| hw` Kvbv gvbyl mvgvb cwigvYI nuvU Ges nuvUvi ga m Avjvni whK&i bv Ki, Zvnj Zv Zvi Rb wZKi ne| hw`
Kvbv gvbyl weQvbvq kvq Ges kvqv Aevq Avjvni whK&i bv Ki Zvnj Zv Zvi Rb wZKi ne| nvBmvgx nv`xmwUi
mb` mnxn ej DjL KiQb|5
(21). nvwim Avj-AvkAvix (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb, gnvb Avjvn BqvnBqv (Av)-K Inxi gvag cuvPwU
welqi wb`k c`vb Kib, hjv wZwb cvjb Kieb Ges ebx BmivCjK mjv cvjbi wkv wèb: Avjvni mv_
KvDK kixK bv Kiv, mvjvZ (bvgvh) Av`vqKvj gb ev PvLK Gw`K mw`K bv bqv, wmqvg cvjb Kiv, `vb Kiv Ges ewk
ewk Avjvni whK&i Kiv| whK&i mK wZwb ejb :
Contents
40
Avjvn ZvgvìK wb`k w`qQb ewk ewk Avjvni whKwww.assunnahtrust.com&i Kivi| Avjvni whK&ii D`vniY
jvGgb h, GK ewK kMY avIqv Ki Zvi wcQ `Z GwMq AvmQ| GgZvevq jvKwU GKwU mymsiwZ `yM Gm cuQ
Ges m `yMi ga AvZiv Kij| Abyicfve ev`v Avjvni whK&i Qvov kqZvbi Kej _K iv cvq bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
(22). G A_ GKwU hqxd nv`xmwU Avbvm (iv)-Gi m~ ewYZ:
kqZvb Zvi gyL Av`g mvbi Kjei Dci iL `q| hw` Av`g mvb Avjvni whK&i Ki, Zvnj kqZvb wcwQq
hvq| Avi hw` m Avjvni K_v fyj hvq, Zvnj kqZvb Zvi KjeK wMj dj|2
G A_ Avyjvn Beby Avevm (iv) ejQb :
om
.c
kqZvb Av`g mvbi Kjei Dci Avmb Mo em| hLb m Avjvni whK&i Ki ZLb kqZvb wcwQq msKzwPZ nq
hvq| Avi hLb m eLqvj nq, ZLb m IqvmIqvmv w`Z _vK|3
(23). AviKwU hqxd nv`xm Avyjvn Beby Avgii (iv) m~ ewYZ:
un
na
ht
ru
st
wbq cZK ei mvdvB ev cvwjk (Kivi eev) AvQ| Avi Kjei QvdvB ev cvwjk Avjvni whK&i| nv`xmwUi
mb` hqxd|4
`ywU fyj aviYv:
w
w
.a
ss
G nv`xmwU mgvR AwZ cwiwPZ| GLvb `ywU welq fyj eySv nq:
(K) Avjvni whK&i ejZ Avjvn, Avjvn,... whK&i eySv|
Avgiv `Ljvg h, KziAvb-nv`xm Avjvni whK&i ejZ ay Avjvni bvg Rc Kiv ev Avjvn Avjvn whK&i Kiv eySvbv nq
wb| eis Avjvni bvgi ghv`v Rc Kiv eySvbv nqQ| ay Avjvn bvgwU Rc Kij AvwfavwbKfve Zv whK&i ej MY nZ cvi,
Ze Zv gvbb~b ev mybvZ cwZ bq| ivm~jyjvn KLbvB mKvj, mvq, Ab Kvbv mgq, wbw` msLvq ev ewk ewk Ki ay
Avjvn bvgwU Rc Kib wb ev KiZ wkv `b wb| mvnvexMYI Abyic wKQz Kib wb| GLb hw` KD gb Kib h, ivm~jyjvn
Avjvni whK&ii Rb h mKj evKvw` kLvjb I cvjb Kijb mmKj whK&i Kje mvd ne bv, Avjvni bvgi gwngv, ghv`v,
YMvb BZvw` Rc Kij Kje mvd ne bv eis mKj ghv`v, cksmv, wZ, gwngv I YMvb vcK k ev` w`q ay Zuvi bvgwU
Rc KijB Kje mvd ne, Ze aviYvwU wVK ne bv| `ywbqvZ Avgiv Kvbv mvwbZ ewi bvg DjL Kij bvsUv bvg ev
ay bvg bv ej Zvi AvM ev ci mvb cKvkK Kvbv wmdvZ ev weklY DjL Kwi| mybvZi wb`kbv njv, gnvb Avjvni
bvgwU ay DPviY bv Ki Avjvn bvgwUi mv_ Zuvi ghv`v ev cksmv vcK Kvbv k hvM Ki whKi KiZ ne|
gnv gwngvw^Z Avjvni cwe bvg gywgbi `q mePq eo m`| Zuvi bvgiB whK&i KiZ ne| Zuvi gnvb
Avjvn bvg ev h Kvbv bvg h Kvbv fvlvq Zuvi iY KijB Zuvi whK&ii mvIqve wgje, Bb&kv Avjvn| Ze Avgvì
Pv KiZ ne gvmb~b-fve ev ivm~jyjvn -Gi kLvbv cwZZ Avjvni whK&i Kivi| ivm~jyjvn -Gi wkv _K Avgiv
RvbZ cwi h, ay bvg Rc Ki bq, eis Zuvi bvgi gwngv cKvk Ki whK&i KiZ ne| wZwb DZK kZ kZ cKvii
whK&i wkv w`qQb Ges wbRI cvjb KiQb| wK ay Avjvn bvg Rc KiZ ne GK_v wZwb Kv_vI kLvbwb| Zuvi
wkv _K Avgiv RvbZ cvwi h, `yAvi Avjvni bvg ai ZuvK WvKZ ne, `yAv KiZ ne, Zuvi mKj gnvb bvg I
wekl Ki Bmg Avhg ai Zuvi KvQ `yAv KiZ ne| Avi whK&i Zuvi bvgi gwngv, ghv`v, YMvb, wZ cKvkK evKvw`
Rc Ki Zuvi whK&i KiZ ne|
(L) AbK gb Kib, Kje mvd KiZ nj whK&ii k w`q Rvi Rvi Kje avv gviv ev AvNvZ Kivi Kbv KiZ
ne| G aviYvwUI fyj I mybvZ cwicx| ivm~jyjvn DZK AMwYZ whK&i wkv w`qQb| KLbv Kv_vI whK&ii mgq G
aibi k KiZ ev AvNvZ KiZ kLvbwb| eis bxie I AbyPî whK&i KiZ wkwLqQb| GKevi kl hyMi Kvbv Kvbv
Contents
41
hvwKi gbvhvM ARbi Rb G mKj cwZ Dveb KiQb| Avevi AbK Zvi weivwaZv KiQb| gyRvw` Avjd
mvbx (ivn) Kvbv cKvi whK&ii mgq Kvbv cKvi k KiZ ev kixi, gv_v BZvw` bvovZ wbla KiQb| mevevq G mKj
KvRi mv_ whK&ii Kvbv mK bB| h Kvbv gvmb~b cwZZ Avjvni iY Kij gywgb Avjvni whK&ii Dci ewYZ ghv`v,
dhxjZ, DcKvi meB ARb Kieb|
1. 10. wekl whK&ii wekl dhxjZ
om
Gfve Avgiv whK&ii iZ I dhxjZ Rvbjvg| Kvbv gywgb gyL, gb ev Kgi gvag Avjvni iY Kij Dcii
nv`xmjvZ ewYZ Acwigq dhxjZ jvf Kieb ej Avgiv Avkv Kwi| whK&ii dhxjZ welq Aviv AMwYZ nv`xm iqQ,
hjvZ whK&ii wekl wekl evK DjL Ki m evK viv whK&i Kij gywgb Kx cwigvY ghv`v, ingZ, eiKZ I mvIqve ARb
Kieb Zv ejv nqQ| G mKj nv`xm Avgiv `y fvM KiZ cvwi: (K) wKQz nv`xm me`v ewk ewk cvjb Kivi Rb wKQy whK&i I
Zvi dhxjZ eYbv Kiv nqQ| (L) Abvb nv`xm wekl mgq cvjbi Rb wKQy whK&ii K_v DjL Ki Zvi dhxjZ eYbv Kiv
nqQ| wZxq cKvii nv`xmjv Avgiv mgq wbavwiZ whK&ii AvjvPbvi mgq DjL Kie, Bb&kv Avjvn| GLvb Avgiv mvavib
whKijv AvjvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avjvn|
1. 11. gvmb~b whK&ii kYxwefvM
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
gvmb~b A_ mybv Z-mZ ev mybv Z wb`wkZ| ivm~jyjvn DvZK ay whK&ii Drmvn w`qQb ZvB bq, wKfve
KLb Kvb& k DPviY Ki Avjvni whK&i KiZ ne ZvI wevwiZ wkv w`qQb| DZi KvR ay Zvi AbymiY Kiv|
Avgiv `LwQ h, gvmb~b whK&i meB evK, ay bvg ev k Rc Ki Kvbv whK&i mybvZ ewYZ nqwb| ivm~jjy vn I
Zuvi mvnvexMYi AvPwiZ ev wb`wkZ G whK&img~nK Avgiv wbic wef KiZ cvwi :
1. Avjvni GKZ vcK evKvw`
2. Avjvni cweZv vcK evKvw`
3. Avjvni cksmv vcK evKvw`
4. Avjvi kZ vcK evKvw`
5. Avjvni Dci wbfiZv vcK evKvw`
6. Avjvni wbKU gv cv_bv welqK evKvw`
7. Avjvni wbKU mvaviY cv _bv, `yAv ev RvMwZK I cvijwKK h Kvbv KjvY Kvgbv Kiv welqK evKvw`
8. Avjvni wbKU ivm~jyjvn -Gi Rb mvjvZ-mvjvg cv_bv vcK evKvw`
9. Avjvni Kvjvg ev KziAvb cvVi gvag whK&i|
1. 12. GKZ, cweZv, cksmv I kZi whKi
.a
ss
1. 12. 1. Avjvni Bev`Zi GKZ cKvkK evKvw`

c_g Pvi cKvii whKii welq nv`xm kixd mePq ewk Drmvn c`vb Kiv nqQ| Gjvi ga c_g cKvii
evKjvZ gnvb Avjvni Bev`Zi GKZi NvlYv Ìqv nqQ| G RvZxq KqKwU evK:
whK&i bs 1 : Zvnjxj
w
w
jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjvn (Avjvn Qvov Kvbv Dcvm bB)|

GwU G mek I mec_ g whK&i| AbK AveMx gvbyl jv- Bjvnv Bjvjvn-K whK&i wnmve cvjb Kiv AhwK ej
gb Kib| Zviv ejb, G KvjgvB Cgvb| GKevi mevKiY ejjB njv| Gicii KvR wbRi Rxeb, mgvR I iv G
KvjgvK cwZv Kiv| evievi AvDo Kx ne? weevni Kvjgv I BRve Keyj Zv GKeviB ejv nq| GZB AvRxeb ^vgxi Ni
KiZ nq| evievi AvDovbvi Kvbv cqvRb nq bv|
K_vwU bZ Lye hwK gb njI wKQyUv wevwKi I mybvn weivax| Kvjgvi NvlYvi gvag Cgvb Avbvi ci
Avjvni cwic~Y AvbyMZ Rxebi mKj cwZv KiZ ne GK_v AekB wVK| KD hw` Zvi Dci AwcZ dih `vwqZ cvjb
bv Ki bdj whK&i iZ _vKb Zvnj Zvi G Kg evZzjZv I Bmjvgi wkv weivax| wK GRb G Kvjgvi whK&iK A_nxb
ejj gnvbex -KB Aegvbbv Kiv nq| KviY, wZwb wbRB G KvjgvK ewk ewk cvV Ki whK&i KiZ ejQb|
jv- Bjvnv Bjvjv evKwU evievi Rc Kivi gvag Avjvni whK&i Kivi wb`kbvq Ges G whK&ii AwPbxq
dhxjZi NvlYvq AMwYZ nv`xm ewYZ nqQ|1 Avmj Cgvb Avbvi ci CgvbK gReyZ KiZ I bevqb KiZ G whK&i
AZ cqvRbxq ej mybvZi AvjvK Avgiv RvbZ cvwi| Rvwei (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
Contents
42
mevg whK&i jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn Ges mevg `yAv Avjnvg`ywjjvn| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
A_i w`K j iL AiK whK&ii mv_ AvjvwoZ Kivi Pv KiZ ne| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n
()ejQb :

wKqvgZi w`b Avgvi kvdvAvZ jvfKvix mePq mfvMevb ew m-B ne, h Zuvi Aii cwic~Y GKvMZv
w`q jv- Bjvnv Bjvjvn eje| 2
Dgvi (iv) ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjvn ()-K ejZ bwQ:
om
Avwg Ggb GKwU evK Rvwb, h evKwU hw` KD Zuvi Ai _K mwZKvifve ej gZyeiY Ki, Zvnj Rvnvbvg
Zuvi Rb wbwl nq hve| evKwU: jv- Bjvnv Bjvjvn| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
KvRB gywgb mevKiY Aii mKj AveM I Abyf~wZ w`q me`v G evKwU ejeb, hb gZzi AvM G evKwU Zuvi
kl evK nq| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejjb :
.c
....
un
na
ht
ru
st
Zvgvì CgvbK bevqb Ki| ZuvK ck Kiv njv: Bqv ivm~jvjvn, wKfve Avgiv Avgvì CgvbK bevwqZ Kiev? wZwb
ejjb: Zvgiv ewk ewk jv- Bjvnv Bjvjvn eje| nv`xmwUi mb` `yej Zv AvQ|4
Ab nv`xm gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:
hvi mekl K_v ne jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv- m RvbvZ cek Kie| nv`xmwU mnxn|5
eZ, h ew me`v G whK&i Zuvi wRnvK iZ ivLeb, Bb&kv Avjvn, G evK Zuvi Rxebi kl evK ne| Avgiv
cieZx AvjvPbvq jv Bjvnv Bjvjv whKi mK Aviv AbK nv`xm `Le, Bbkv Avjvn|
whK&i bs 2 : wekl Zvnjxj
DPviY: jv- Bjv-nv Bjjv-, Iqvn`v jv- kvixKv jv, jvj gyjK, Iqv jvj nvg`, Iqv Av Avjv- Kzwj kvBwqb
ss
Kv`xi|
w
w
.a
A_: bB Kvb gvey` Avjvn Qvov, wZwb GKK Zuvi Kvbv kixK bB, ivRZ ZuviB Ges cksmv ZuviB Ges wZwb mKj wKQyi
Dci gZvevb|
G whK&iwUi dhxjZ AMwYZ nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| mKvj mvq 1 evi, 10 evi, 100 evi ev 200 evi ejZ, cwZ
Iqv mvjvZi ci ejZ I mvaviYfve G whK&iwU ejZ wb`k w`q AbK mnxn nv`xm wewfb M msKwjZ nqQ| Avey
AvBEe (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejb:

( ... ) :
h ew jv-Bjvnv ... Kv`xi whK&iwU GKevi eje, m GKRb ev `yRb xZ`vm gy Kivi mgvb mvIqve cve|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|6 G A_ eviv Beby Avwhe (iv) _K AviKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| 7
mnxn eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg I Abvb M msKwjZ Ab nv`xm ivm~jjy vn ejQb, h ew G whK&iwU 10 evi
eje, m 4 Rb BmgvCj eskxq xZ`vmK gy Kivi mvIqve ARb Kie|8
G gnvb mvIqve ARb KiZ AekB `qK A_i mv_ AvjvwoZ Ki whK&i Av`vq KiZ ne| G gg GKwU
nv`xm wbgic
Contents
43

...
.

hw` Kvbv ew KLbv G evKjv ej Ges ejvi mgq Zuvi AvZv GB evKjvi cwZ wek _vK, Zuvi Ai Gjvi
mZZvq Avv ivL Ges Zuvi wRnv Zv DPviY Ki, Zvnj Avjvn AvKvkgjx Q` Ki Rwgbi G hvwKii w`K `wcvZ Kieb|
Avi Avjvn huvi cwZ `wcvZ Kib, Zuvi Rb wbwZ h Avjvn Zuvi Awfkvl c~iY Kieb|1
whK&i bs 3 : wekl Zvnjxj

Dcii whK&iwU gvmb~b whK&ijvi ga AbZg| wewfb mgq wewfbfve Ab whK&ii mv_ ev ay G whK&iwU Avgiv
evievi `LZ cve| Kvbv Kvbv nv`xm whK&iwUi ga wZbwU evK ew Ki ejv nqQ:
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY : jv- Bjv-nv Bjjv -, Iqvn`v jv- kvixKv jv, jvj gyjK, Iqv jvj nvg`, [BDnqx Iqv BDgxZz Iqv
Av nvBqyb jv BqvgyZ, weBqvw`wnj LvBi] Iqv Av Avjv- Kzwj kvBwqb Kv`xi|
A_ : bB Kvbv gvey` Avjvn Qvov, wZwb GKK, Zuvi Kvbv kixK bB| ivRZ ZuviB Ges cksmv ZuviB| (wZwb
Rxeb `vb Kib Ges gZz `vb Kib| Avi wZwb wPixe Agi| Zuvi nvZB mKj KjvY) Ges wZwb mKj wKQyi Dci
gZvevb| Avgiv `Le h, AbK eYbvq aygv c_g evKwU (BDnqx Iqv BDgxZz) mshy Ki ejv nqQ|
1. 12. 2. Avjvni cksmv vcK evKvw`
whK&i bs 4 : Zvngx`
ss
DPviY : Avj nvg`y wjjvn| A_ : cksmv Avjni Rb|

1. 12. 3. Avjvni cweZv vcK evKvw`
wZxq cKvi whK&i Avjvni cweZv vcK| G whK&ii g~j evK (myenv-bvjvn)| GQvovI nv`xm G A_ wewfb evK wkv
`vb Kiv nqQ|
whK&i bs 5 : Zvmexn
.a
DPviY : myenv-bvjv-n, A_ : Avjvn cweZv NvlYv KiwQ|

whK&i bs 6 : wekl Zvmexn
w
w
DPviY : myevnv-bvjv-wnj Avhxg|

A_ : gnvgwngvw^Z Avjvni cweZv NvlYv KiwQ|
whK&i bs 7 : wekl Zvmexn
DPviY : myeyb Kymy yb iveyj gvjv-BKvwZ Iqviin|

A_: gnvcwe, gnvgwng, wdwikZvMYi Ges cwevZvi cfy|
whK&i bs 8 : wekl Zvmexn-Zvngx`
DPviY : myenv-bvjv-wn Iqv wenvgw`nx|

A_ : NvlYv KiwQ Avjvni cweZvi Ges Zuvi cksmv-mn|
whK&i bs 9: wekl Zvmexn-Zvngx`
Contents

DPviY : myevnv-bvjv-wnj Avhxg Iqv wenvgw`nx|
A_ : gnvgwng Avjvni cweZv I cksmv NvlYv KiwQ|
44
1. 12. 4. Avjvni kZ vcK evKvw`

whK&i bs 10 : ZvKexi
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY : Avjv AvKevi| A_ : Avjvn mek|

Dcii 4 cKvi whK&ii g~j evK PviwU : 1, 4, 9 I 10 bs whK&i| BZc~e Avgiv `LwQ h, nv`xm kixd Avjvni
whK&i ejZ GjvKB eySvbv nqQ| Avgiv cieZx AvjvPbvq `LZ cve h, G PviwU A_ Ges GB evKjvB AwaKvsk
gvmb~b whK&ii g~j| c_Kfve ev GK Gjvi mv_ Abvb evK mshy nqQ|
1. 12. 5. gvbe Rxeb G mKj whK&ii cfve
Avgiv GKUz wPv KijB Adzi mvIqvei cvkvcvwk G mKj whK&ii wekl cfve Avgvì RvMwZK Rxeb Abyfe
KiZ cvwi|
cwZwU gvbyli Rxeb Avjvni AmsL mvaviY I wekl wbqvgZ iqQ, hv Zvi RxebK ab KiQ| Gi cvkvcvwk
cZKi RxebB wKQy K, e`bv I mgmv AvQ| hjv Avjvni AMwYZ wbqvgZi Zzjbvq AwZ bMY| wK mvaviYZ gvbexq
`yej Zvi KviY Avgiv GmKj K I e`bvi Abyf~wZ viv ewk cfvweZ nB| kZ wbqvgZi wecixZ `yB PviwU K Avgvì cyiv
gbK ew_Z Ki Zvj| e_Zv, K, e`bv, va BZvw` Abyfw~ Z Avgiv jvjb Kwi| GmKj Abyf~wZi vwqZ Avgvì gbK
KjywlZ I Acwe Ki, gvbwmK kw I ciYvK enZ Ki, Avgvì Kgnv b Ki, Avgvì RxebK Mvwbgq Ki Ges
mevcwi Avjvni ingZ I Adzi wbqvgZ jvfi c_ _K Avgvì `~i wbq hvq|
Avjvni ev`v AvjvnK hfve gb Kie, mfveB ZuvK Zvi cvk cve| Rxebi cwZ bv-evaK Abyfw~ Z Avjvni
ingZ _K ev`vK wbivk Ki, hv KwVbZg cvc I Awekvm| Aciw`K Avjvni cwZ KZZv cKvk Kij Avjvn wbqvgZ
evwoq `b|
GRb gywgbK wbRi gb KZZv w`q Avev` KiZ ne| mKj K, e`bv, e_Zv I DrKv _K gbK mvd Ki
Avjvni Akl wbqvgZi K_v iY Ki Gjvi Rb KZZvi Abyf~wZ w`q `qK fiZ ne| Avi AweiZ mKZ wP
ejZ ne : Avj-nvg`y wjjvn| G whK&i hvwKii gbK fvigy Kie, Mvwbgy Kie, kwkvjx Kie Ges Avjvni ingZ,
wbqvgZ I eiKZ Zuvi Rxeb fi Zzje|
Abyicfve myenv-bvjvn, Avjv AvKevi, BZvw` whK&i hvwKii `qK Avjvni cweZv I kZi Abyfw~ ZZ
fi è| cw_exZ Ab Kvivi gn, kw ev eoZ ZuvK cfvweZ Kie bv| mKj fq I nxbgbZvi Abyf~wZ _K G `q
cwe ne|
myenv-bvjvn evKwU Aviex fvlvi evK-webvmi dj GKwU wekl fve cKvk Ki, hv AbKUv Rqawb ev wR`vev`
NvlYvi gZv| `k cwgK hgb evievi wbRi `ki wR`vev` ej wbRi gb `kcgi AveM RvwMq Zvj Zgwb AveM
Avjvn cwgK evievi Zuvi cfyi cweZv NvlYv Ki Avjvn cgi AveM `qK DwjZ Ki|
1. 12. 6. whK&ijv mvewYK cvjbi dhxjZ I wb`k
Dcii Pvi cKvi whK&ii g~j PviwU evK : 1, 4, 9 I 10 bs whK&ii GK DjL Ki Gjvi ewk ewk Rc Kivi
Drmvn c`vb Ki I Zvi Acwigq mvIqve eYbv Ki AbK nv`xm ewYZ| G welqK mnxn nv`xm msKwjZ KijB GKwU eo eB
nq hve| G mKj AMwYZ nv`xm _K Avgiv Lye mnRB eySZ cvwi h, ivm~jyjvn KZ iZi mv_ G mKj whK&i
mvnvexMYK wkv w`qQb Ges dhxjZ eYbv KiQb| Avwg wb G welqK wKQy mnxn nv`xm DjL KiwQ|
mvgyiv Beby Ryb`ye (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :

Avjvni wbKU mePq wcq evK PviwU : myenv-bvjvn, Avj-nvg`ywjjvn, jv-Bjvnv Bjvjvn Ges Avjv
AvKevi| Zzwg BQvgZv GB evK PvwiwUi h Kvbv evK AvM wcQ ejZ cvi| (evKjvi mvRvbvi Kvbv wbqg
ev dhxjZ bB|)1
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
Contents

Avwg myenv-bvjvn, Avj-nvg`ywjjvn, jv- Bjvnv Bjvjvn Ges Avjv AvKevi ejZ GZ ewk cQ`
Kwi h, Gjv ejv Avgvi KvQ cw_exi eyK m~hi wbP hv wKQy Avm mewKQy _K ewk wcq|1
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb:
45

Zvgiv hLb RvbvZi evMvbmg~n hve ev Zv AwZg Kie ZLb Zwi mv_ wePiY I fY Kie| Avwg ejjvg :
n Avjvni ivm~j, RvbvZi evMvbmg~n wK? wZwb ejjb: gmwR`mg~n| Avwg ejjvg: wePiY I fY wK? wZwb ejjb: myenvbvjvn, Avj-nvg`ywjjvn, jv-Bjvnv Bjvjvn I Avjv AvKevi| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
Ab eYbvq ivm~jyjvn Avey eKiK (iv) ejb :
om
...

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Zzwg wK RvbvZi evMvb dj fY Kie bv? wZwb ck Kib: n Avjvni ivm~j, RvbvZi evMvbi dj fY wK?
wZwb ejb: myenv-bvjvn, Avj-nvg`ywjjvn, jv- Bjvnv Bjvjvn I Avjv AvKevi|3
Gfve wewfb mnxn I nvmvb nv`xm G evKjvi Acwigq mvIqve DjL Kiv nqQ| Beby gvmE`, mvjgvb dvwimx,
Avey ivBiv I Beby Avevm () ewYZ wewfb nv`xm ivm~jyjv n ejb, G evK PviwUi cwZwU evK GKevi ejj RvbvZ GKwU
Ki e ivcY Kiv nq|4
Avey hvi (iv) I Avqkv (iv) ewYZ wewfb nv`xm ivm~jyjvn ejQb: G evKjvi cZK evK GKevi whK&i Kiv
GKevi Avjvni Iqv `vb Kivi mgZzj|5 Avey mvjgv (iv) ewYZ nv`xm ivm~jyjv n ejQb: G evKjv wKqvgZi w`b
ev`vi Avgjbvgvq mePq ewk fvix ne|6 Avey ivBiv (iv) ewYZ nv`xm ivm~jyjvn ejQb : G evKjvB Rvnvbvgi
Avb _K gywgbi Xvj|7 Avbvm ewYZ nv`xm ivm~jjy vn ejb: MvQi Wvj SvwK w`j hgb cvZvjv Si hvq
Abyicfve G whK&ijv ejj ev`vi Mvbvn Si hvq|8
Avey ivBiv (iv) I Avey mvC` (iv) Dfq bexq AvKivg _K eYbv KiQb: Avjvn G PviwU evKK eQ
cQ` Ki wbqQb| G evKjvi h Kvbv GKwU evK GKevi ejj Avjvn 20 wU mvIqve c`vb KiZb Ges 20 wU Mvbvn
gv Kieb| Avi Gfve h ewk ewk whK&i Kie m gybvwdKx _K gyw jvf Kie|9
Avyjv n Beby Dgvi ewYZ nv`xm ivm~jyjv n ejQb :
.a
ss
G PviwU evK whK&iKvix cwZwU evKi cwZwU Aii Rb 10wU Ki mvIqve jvf Kieb|10
Ab nv`xm Avyjvn Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejb: b~n (Av) gZzi c~e Zuvi cyK h ImxqZ Kib
ZvZ wZwb ejb :
w
w
...

"Avwg ZvgvK `ywU KvRi wb`k w`wQ Ges `ywU KvR _K wbla KiwQ| Avwg ZvgvK jv-Bjvnv Bjvjv-Gi
Av`k c`vb KiwQ| KviY mvZ Avmgvb I Rwgb hw` GK cvjvq ivLv nq Ges jv- Bjvnv Bjvj Ab cvjvq ivLv nq Zvnj
jv-Bjvnv Bjvjv fvix ne ... Ges Avwg ZvgvK myenv-bvjvwn Iqv wenvgw`nx -Gi wb`k w`wQ (A_vr, G `ywU whK&i ewk
ewk Av`vq KiZ wb`k c`vb KiwQ|) G whK&i mKj mwi `yAv I mvjvZ Ges Gi ImxjvZB mKj mw wiwhK cv nq|
Contents

Avi Avwg ZvgvK wkiK I AnsKvi _K wbla KiwQ|1
46
mvnvexMYI G mKj evK ewk ewk Ki whK&i KiZ Drmvn c`vb KiQb| Avyjvn Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb :
om
myenv-bvjvn, Avj-nvg`y wjjvn, jv- Bjvnv Bjvjvn I Avjv AvKevi- ejv Avgvi wbKU Avjvni ivvq
mgmsLK ^Yg`y v eq Kivi Pq ewk wcq|2
wZwb Aviv ejb: Avjvn Zvgvì ga hfve mì wiwhK eb KiQb Zgbfve Zvgvì ^fve eb KiQb|
Avjvn hvK cQ` Kib I hvK cQ` Kib bv mKjKB m` `b| Ze Cgvb wZwb ay ZvKB c`vb Kib hvK wZwb cQ`
Kib| h ew m` eq KcYZv eva Ki, ki wei wRnv` KiZ fq cvq Ges ivZ RM Bev`Z KiZ Avjmwg evaKi,
m hb ewk ewk jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv, Avjv AvKevi, Avj-nvg`y wjjvn I myenv-bvjvn ej| nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn|3
wekl Zvmexn-Zvngxì dhxjZ ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
`ywU evK wRnvq DPviYi Rb LyeB nvjKv, Avi wKqvgZi w`b Kg cwigvci cvjvq LyeB fvix Ges Avjvni
wbKU wcq : myenv-bvjvwn Iqv wenvgw`nx, myenvbvjvwnj Avhxg|4
1. 12. 7. evcK A_i wekl whKi
whK&i bs 11
ss
DPviY : (1) Avj-nvg`y wjjv-wn Av`v`v gv- Avnmv wKZvey, (2) Iqv Avj-nvg`y wjjv-wn wgjAv gv- Avnmv wKZvey,
(3) Iqv Avj-nvg`y wjjv-wn Av`v`v gv- Avnmv LvjKz, (4) Iqv Avj-nvg`y wjjvwn wgjAv gv- dx LvjwKnx, (5) Iqv Avjnvg`y wjjv-wn wgjAv mvgvIqv-wZnx Iqv Avi&w`nx, (6) Iqv Avj-nvg`y wjjv-wn Av`v`v Kzwj kvBwqb, (7) Iqvjnvg&`y wjjv-wn
Avjv- Kzwj kvBwqb|
w
w
.a
A_ : (1) mg cksmv Avjvni, Zuvi wKZve hv MYbv KiQ m cwigvY, (2) mg cksmv Avjvni, Zuvi wKZve hv MYbv KiQ
Zv me c~Y Ki, (3) mg cksmv Avjvni, Zuvi mw hv MYbv Ki m cwigvY, (4) mg cksmv Avjvni, Zuvi mwi ga hvwKQy AvQ
Zv c~Y Ki, (5) mg cksmv Avjvni, Zuvi Avmgb I Rwgb c~Y Ki, (6) mg cksmv Avjvni, mKj wKQyi msLvi mgcwigvY, (7)
mg cksmv Avjvni, me wKQyi Dci|
Avey Dgvgv (iv) ejb :

..

ivm~jyjvn () AvgvK `Lb h Avwg Avgvi VuvU bvovwQ| wZwb AvgvK ejb : n Avey Dgvgvn, Zzwg Kx ej
Zvgvi VuvU bvovQ ? Avwg ejjvg: Bqv ivm~jvjvn, Avwg Avjvni whK&i KiwQ| wZwb ejjb : Avwg wK Zvgvi ivZw`b whK&ii
PqI Dg (whK&i) ZvgvK wkwLq è? Avwg ejjvg: nuv, n Avjvni ivm~j| wZb ejb: Zzwg eje ...... (Dcii
whK&ijv wZwb wkwLq w`jb)| Gici ejjb:
Dci hfve (Avj-nvg`y wjjvn) ejQ wVK Abyicfve Abyicfvlvq Zvmexn myenv-bvjvn eje Ges Abyicfve
Contents
47
ZvKexi Avjv AvKevi eje| A_vr, Dcii 7 wU evK Avj-nvg`y wjjvn- j myenv-bvjvn viv I Avjv
AvKevi viv 7 evi Ki ejZ ne| nv`xmwU nvmvb|1
Avgiv mKvj mvi whK&ii AvjvPbvq G aibi Aviv evcK A_evaK Zvmexn Zvnjxji AvjvPbv Kie, Bb&kv
Avjvn|
whK&i bs 12 :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY : Avj-nvg`y wjjv-wn nvg`vb Kvmxivb ZvBwqevb gyev-ivKvb dxwn|

A_ : mKj cksmv Avjvni, AbK AbK cksmv, cwe I eiKZgq cksmv|
KqKwU mnxn nv`xm ewYZ h, ivm~jjy vn G K_vjvi AZ cksmv Kib| 2 GQvov GKvwaK mnxn nv`xm ewYZ,
ev`v hLb G whK&ijv ejb ZLb AvjvnI Zvi mv_ mvov `b| KvRB, gbvhvM I Avè-mn Avjvni mv_ K_v ejvi AbyfywZ
wbq whK&i KiZ ne|3
1. 12. 8. wbw` msLvq whKi Av`vqi dhxjZ I wb`k
Dcii nv`xmjv _K whK&ii gnvb PviwU evK ev D evKjvi A_i mg^q ecKv_K wewfb evK viv
whK&ii Acwigq mvIqve, eiKZ I ghv`vi K_v Avgiv RvbZ ciwQ| G mKj nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv eySZ cvwi h,
gywgb me`v myhvM gZv hZ ewk cvieb GmKj evKi whK&i Kieb| hZ ewk wZwb whK&i Kieb ZZ ewk mvIqve, eiKZ
I ghv`v wZwb jvf Kieb|
Ze gywgb nqZ me`v whK&i KiZ AcviM nq cob| m AZ wbw` msLvq whK&i Kij wZwb wekl ghv`v I
mvIqve ARb Kieb| Avgiv wewfb nv`xm Dcii evKjvi wbw` msLvq Rc Kij wekl mvIqvei DjL `LZ cvB|
Kvbv Kvbv nv`xm wbw` mgq wbw` msLK whK&ii wb`kbv Ìqv nqQ| Avgiv m mKj nv`xm cieZx Aavq mKvj
mvi whK&i ev mgq wbavwiZ whK&ii AvjvPbvq DjL Kie| Kvbv Kvbv nv`xm mvaviYfve ivZw`b h Kvbv mgq GmKj
whK&i wbavwiZ msLvq cvV Kij wekl mvIqvei mymsev` c`vb Kiv nqQ| G aibi `y cKvii whKi GLvb DjL KiwQ|
(K). myenvbvjvwn Iqv wenvgw`nx 100 evi
Avey Zvjnv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb :
w
w
.a
ss
hw` KD 100 evi myenv-bvjwn Iqv wenvgw`nx ej, Zvnj Avjvn Zuvi Rb 1,24,000 mvIqve wjLeb| mvnvexMY
ejb, n Avjvni ivm~j, Zvnj Zv Avgvì KDB wec` coe bv (Rvnvbvg KvDKB hZ ne bv|) wZwb ejb : nuv| Zvgvì
AbKB GZ ewk mvIqve wbq wKqvgZi w`b nvwRi ne h, cvnvoi Dci w`jI cvnvo f hve, wK Gici Avjvn ZuvK h
wbqvgZ w`qwQjb Zv Gm me mvIqve wbq Pj hve| Gici gnvb cwZcvjK ingZ wbq GwMq Avmeb|4
G _K Rvbv hvq h, hvi Dci Avjvni wbqvgZ hZ ewk Zvi ZZ ewk mvIqvei KvR Kiv cqvRb| Avjvn AvgvìK
wbqvgZi Kwiqv cKvki ZvIwdK c`vb Kib Ges mKj Aenjv I cvc gv Ki w`b|
Ab nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
hw` KD w`bi ga 100 evi mye&nv-bvjv-vwn Iqv wenvgw`nx ej Zuvi mKj Mvbvn gv Kiv nq, hwÌ Zv mgyì
dbvi mgZzj nq|5
(L). Pvi cKvii whKi 100 evi
100 evi myenvbvjvn, 100 evi Avj-nvg`y wjjvn, 100 evi Avjv AvKevi I 100 evi jv- Bjvnv Bjvjvn ejv|
Dy nvbx (iv) ivm~jyjvn -Gi wbKU Gm ejb, Bqv ivm~jvjvn, Avwg e I `yej nq wMqwQ, AvgvK Ggb GKwU Avgj wkwLq
w`b hv Avwg em em cvjb KiZ cvie| wZwb ejb : Zzwg 100 evi myenv-bvjvn eje, Zvnj 100 wU xZ`vm gy Kivi
mgcwigvY mvIqve Zzwg cve| Zzwg 100 evi Avj nvg`y wjjvn eje, Zvnj Avjvni ivvq hyi Rb 100 wU mvRvbv Nvovq
Contents
48
gyRvwn` ciYi mgcwigvY mvIqve Zzwg cve| Zzwg 100 evi Avjv AvKevi eje, Zvnj 100 wU gvKeyj DU
Kzievwbi mgcwigvY mvIqve cve| Zzwg 100 evi jv- Bjvnv Bjvjv eje, Zvnj Zvgvi mvIqve Avmgvb I Rwgb c~Y nq
hve [Ges Zvgvi Kvbv cvcB evwK _vKe bv : wZxq eYbvq]| h ew Zvgvi G whK&ijvi mgcwigvY whK&i Kie m Qvov
KDB m w`b Zvgvi Pq ewk ev Dg Avgj Avjvni ìevi cvVvZ cvie bv| nv`xmwU wewfb mb` ewYZ nqQ Ges
mb`jv nvmvb ev MnYhvM|1
Avey Dgvgv (iv) _K G A_ ewYZ Ab nv`xm ivm~jjy vn mKjK 100 evi Ki D whK&ijv Av`vq KiZ
Drmvn w`qQb Ges Abyic mvIqvei mymsev` c`vb KiQb| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
1. 13. wbfiZv vcK whKi

cg cKvii whKi wbfiZv vcK| G cKvii whKii k evK:
whK&i bs 13
(
)

om
DPviY : jv- nvIjv Iqv jv- KI~ qvZv Bjv- wejv-n (wejv-wnj Avwjwqj Avhxg)
A_ : Kvbv Aej^b bB, Kvbv gZv bB Avjvn Qvov ev Avjvni mvnvh Qvov (whwb mevP-myghv`vgq)|
Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejb :
.c
...

un
na
ht
ru
st
Zvgiv ewk ewk Ki wPivqx bKKgjv Ki| mvnvexMY ck Kijb: Gjv wK? wZwb ejjb ... : ZvKexi
Avjv AvKevi, Zvnjxj jv- Bjvnv Bjvjv, Zvmexn myenv-bvjvn, Avj-nvg`y wjjvn Ges jv-nvIjv Iqv jv KzIqvZv
Bjv wejvn| nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb|3
Avey gymv, Avey ivBiv, Avey hvi, gyAvh, mv` Beby Dev`vn () cgLy mvnvex _K ewYZ AbKjv nv`xm
ivm~jjy vn ejQb, Zvgiv jv nvIjv Iqv jv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn eje, KviY G evKwU RvbvZi fvvijvi ga GKwU
fvvi I RvbvZi GKwU ìRv|4
Avey AvBDe Avbmvix (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb, wgivRi ivwZ Beivnxg (Av) AvgvK ejb: Avcbvi
DZK wb`k wèb, Zviv hb ewk Ki RvbvZ e ivcY Ki...| RvbvZi e ivcY jv nvIjv Iqv jv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn
ejv| nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb|5
Avyjv n Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
ss
w
w
.a
cw_exZ h Kvbv ew hw` ej: jv Bjvnv Bjvjv, Iqv Avjv AvKevi, Iqv jv nvIjv Iqv jv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn
(Avjvn Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB, Avjvn gnvb, Kvbv Aej^b bB Ges Kvbv gZv bB Avjvni mvnvh Qvov), Ze Zvi
mKj Mvbvn gv Kiv ne, hwÌ Zv mgyì dbvi mgvb nq| nv`xmwU nvmvb|6
1. 14. gv cv_bvi whKi
Dcii 5 cKvii whK&i ev`v Zvi gnvb cfyi gnZ, GKZ, cweZv, gZv BZvw` Rc Ki gnvb m&vi cwZ Zvi gbi
AveM, AvKzjZv I wbfiZv cKvk Ki I ZuvK iY Ki wbRi `q gbK cwe I DvwmZ Ki| GjvZ m cfyi KvQ
evnZ wKQy Pvq bv|
Avgiv BZc~e `LwQ h, Avjvni KvQ PvIqvI Avjvni whK&i| gnvb cwZcvjKi wbKU Zuvi KiYv, eiKZ, gv,
RvMwZK, AvavwZK I cvijwKK KjvY PvIqv Avjvni whK&ii AbZg cKiY|
Avjvni wbKU ev`v meB PvBe| wbRi Rb PvBe Ges Abì RbI PvBe| me PvIqvB whK&i| Ze c_g Zuvi wbKU
gv cv_bv Kie| Avjvni gv jvfi DciB wbfi KiQ ev`vi BnKvjxb I ciKvjxb mKj DbwZ I KjvY| wZxq cKvi PvIqv
RvMwZK ev ev cvijwKK Kvbv wKQy Zuvi KvQ PvIqv| ZZxq cKvi PvIqv Abi Rb PvIqv|
gvbe cKwZi AbZg w`K h, m Kvbv bv Kvbvfve wbqgf Kie| Zvi gnvb mv Zvi RvMwZK I cvijwKK
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
49
KjvYi Rb h wbavwiZ wbqg I eev c`vb KiQb Zvi evBi m cwZw`b Kvbv bv Kvbvfve Pj hvq|
Gfve cwZwbqZ gvbyl cvc KiZ _vK| GKw`K Zvi gvbexq `yejZv I cewi Uvb I cvwicvwkK cwiek Aciw`K
kqZvbi cwZwbqZ civPbv|
cvc gvbyli `qK KjywlZ Ki| ZvK Zvi gnvb mvi KiYvi c_ _K `~i wbq hvq| gnvb iveyj Avjvgxb
AZ fvjem gvbylK mw KiQb| wZwb gvbylK fvjemQb Ges mvwbZ KiQb| cvc hb gvbylK KjywlZ KiZ bv
cvi m Rb wZwb gvi nvZ evwoq w`qQb| ZvIev I BwMdvi ev gv cv_bvi dj ev`v ay cvcgyB nq bv, Dci m
Akl mvIqve I gnvb ghv`vi AwaKvix nq| h Kvbv gvbyl hLb cvci Rb Avjvni KvQ mevKiY gv cv_bv Ki ZLb
m Avjvni gv jvf mg nq| Dci GB gv cv_bv, AbyZvc I `bi KviY Zvi `q Aviv cwe I gy nq| m
Avjvni Aviv ewk bKU, mw I mvIqve ARb Ki|
gnvb Avjvn KziAvb ev`vK h Kvbv cvci ciB gv cv_bvi wb`k w`qQb Ges gv cv_bvKvixMYi Rb
wbwZ gv, Adzi mvIqve I RvbvZi Ab wbqvgZi mymsev` c`vb KiQb| ivm~jjy vn cwZw`b kZvwaKevi BwMdvi
ev gv cv_bv KiZb| wZwb DZK m`v me`v gv cv_bv ev BwMdvii wb`k w`qQb|
1. 14. 1. BwMdvii g~jbxwZ
1. 14. 1. 1. ZvIev ebvg BmwZMdvi
Avjvni wbKU gv cv_bvi `ywU w`K iqQ: (1) ZvIev Ges (2) BmwZMdvi| ZvIev A_ wdi Avmv ev cZveZb
Kiv Ges BmwZMdvi A_ gv cv_bv Kiv| Dfqi ga wKQz cv_K iqQ| BmwZMdvi ev gv cv_bv ZvIev ev wdi Avmvi
GKwU Ask| KziAvb I mybvni wb`kbvi AvjvK h Kvbv cvc _K ZvIevi A_ I kZ wbgic:
(1) cvc cwiZvM Kiv Ges Avi KLbv cvc bv Kivi AvwiK wmv MnY Kiv
(2) cvci Rb AbyZ nIqv
(3) cvci mv_ Kvbv gvbyli ev mwi AwaKvi RwoZ _vKj Zv diZ Ìqv A_ev gv Pq bqv
(4) gnvb Avjvni KvQ gv PvIqv
kZwj c~iY Ki ZvIev Kij gywgb mKj cvci gvi wbwZ Avkv KiZ cvib| Avjvni KvQ gvi PvIqv
ZvIevi GKwU cKvk| Ze Abvb kZjv c~iY Qvov ay BmwZMdvi ev Avjvni KvQ gv PvIqvZ cwic~Y ZvIev nq bv|
KD hw` kZjv c~iY bv Ki ejb: Avwg ZvIev KiwQ Zvnj Zv AwZwi GKwU wg_vPvi ej MY nq Ges cvci evSv
evo| KviY ev`v ejQb h, Avwg Avjvni KvQ wdi AvmwQ, A_P KvhZ wZwb wdi AvmQb bv| wZwb Avjvni wb`k gZ
ev`vi n wdwiq `b wb Ges cybivq cvc bv Kivi `p wmv bb wb| KvRB wdi Avmvi welq Zvi NvlYvwU wg_v I cvc
ej MY|
w
w
.a
ss
1. 14. 1. 2. mwi cwZ Abvqi ZvIev

Dcii AvjvPbv _K Avgiv `LwQ h, cvc cwiZvM, cvci Rb AbyZvc I cybivq cvc bv Kivi wmv mn
BmwZMdvi ev gv cv_bv KiZ cvij ZvIev c~YZv cvq Ges gywgb gv jvfi Avkv KiZ cvib| wK Gic BwMdvii
gvag mwi cwZ Abvq gv nq bv|
Avjvn hv wKQy weavb c`vb KiQb Zv Zuvi wbRi Rb bq, meB gvbyli KjvYi Rb| G mKj weavb `y cKvi| c_g
cKvi weavb gvbyli ewMZ KjvY I DbwZi Rb| GjvK mvaviYZ nzjvn ev Avjvni AwaKvi ejv nq| wZxq cKvi weavb
gvbyli mvgvwRK Rxebi KjvY wbwZ Kivi Rb| GjvK nzj Bev` ev mwi AwaKvi ejv nq|
c_g cKvi weavb jNb Kij gvbyl ewMZfve wZM nq| Zuvi RvMwZK, gvbwmK, AvwZK I cvijwKK DbwZ
evnZ ev asm nq| hgb, mvjvZ, wmqvg, nR, whK&i BZvw` wb`wkZ Kg Aenjv Kiv A_ev wkiK, g`cvb BZvw` wbwl
Kg wj nIqv|
wZxq cKvi weavb jNb Kij gvbyl wbR wZM nIqv QvovI Zvi Avkcvki Kvbv gvbyl ev Kvbv mw wZM nq|
hgb, KvDK Mvwj, MxeZ BZvwì gvag K Ìqv, Kviv m`, A_, mvb ev Rxebi Kvbv cKvi wZ mvab Kiv| duvwK,
auvKv, m~`, Nyl, Ryjyg, Lyb, alY meB G RvZxq cvc| KD hw` Ab KvDK Kvbv ewMZ cvc civwPZ Ki, hgb mvjvZ ZvM,
g`cvb BZvw` Kg Ab KvDK civwPZ Ki Zvnj ZvI G cKvii cvc cwiYZ ne| GQvov Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j mgvRi
cwZwU gvbyli cwZ Ab gvbyli wKQy `vwqZ wbaviY KiQb| ^vgxi cwZ `vwqZ, xi cwZ `vwqZ, wcZvgvZvi cwZ `vwqZ, mvbi
cwZ `vwqZ, cwZekxi cwZ `vwqZ, Kg`vZvi `vwqZ, KgPvixi `vwqZ, mnKgxi `vwqZ, `wiì cwZ `vwqZ, Amnvqi cwZ `vwqZ,
weaev I GwZgì cwZ `vwqZ, cvwjZ ci cwZ `vwqZ I Abvb mKj `vwqZ| Gjv c~Yf ve cvjb bv Kij Zv nzj Bev` ev
mwi AwaKvi bi cvc ne|
c_g cKvii cvci Rb c~Y ZvIev I gv cv_bv Kij Avjvn Zv gv Kieb ej KziAvb I nv`xm evisevi
mymsev` c`vb Kiv nqQ| Aciw`K wZxq cKvii cvci ga `ywU w`K iqQ : c_g, Avjvni weavbi Aegvbbv Ges
Contents
50
wZxq, Avjvni Kvbv mwi AwaKvi b Kiv| Gic cvc wbRK KjywlZ Kivi ci ev`v hLb AvwiKfve mv_
AbyZ nq BwMdvi ev gv cv_bv Ki ZLb Avjvn Zuvi weavb Aegvbbvi w`KwU gv KiZ cvib| wK P~ov wePvi w`bi
gnvb bvqwePviK Zuvi Kvbv mwi cvc gv Kib bv| Zvi cvIbv wZwb eyS beb I ZvK eyS èb| GRb G RvZxq
cvci mswk ew ev eweM, hvì AwaKvi b ev msKywPZ nqQ Zvì AwaKvi diZ bv w`j ev Zvì wbKU
_K gv bv wbj Avjvn gv Kieb bv|
G _K Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, mvjvZ-wmqvg cwiZvMKvix, g`c, k~Kii gvsm fYKvix ev Gaibi h Kvbv
cvcxi Rb gvjvf mnR| wK fRvj`vZv, duvwK `vZv, auvKvc`vbKvix, hZzK MnYKvix, GwZg, `yej I weaevì m`
`LjKvix, Nyl, my` I Ryjyg, Puv`vevwR BZvw` `ybxwZi gvag Kviv m` MnY ev AwaKvi niYKvixMYi gvjvf LyeB
KKi| GRb cwZwU hvwKiK m`v me`v P KiZ ne, wZxq cKvi cvc _K me`v `~i _vKvi| hw` Kvbv gymwjgi c~e
Rxeb Gaibi cvc msNwVZ nq _vK, Zvnj h_vkxN mswk ewi _K gv MnYi Pv KiZ ne| mv_ mv_ ewk
Ki Avjvni KvQ KvbvKvwU, gv I mvnvh wfv KiZ ne, hb wZwb Gjv _K gv cvIqvi eev Ki `b|
1. 14. 1. 3. mKj cvcB eo
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
BwMdvii mePq eo welq gywgb-gbi Dcjw| gvbe gbi GKwU AwZ AvKlYxq KvR Abi Abvqjv eo
Ki `Lv I wbRi AbvqK QvU I hywmZ ej gbK ceva Ìqv| Avgiv GKvKx ev GK hLbB wPvfvebv ev M Kwi,
ZLbB mvaviYZ Abi Abvqjv AvjvPbv Kwi| gywgbi AvwZK Rxeb asm GwU AbZg KviY| gywgbK m`v me`v wbRi
cvci K_v wPv KiZ ne| GgbwK Avjvni AMwYZ wbqvgZi wecixZ Zuvi Bev`Zi `yejZvKI cvc wnmve MY Ki mKvZi
me`v Avjvni KvQ gv cv_bv KiZ ne| mKj cKvi cvcK KwVb, fqven I wbRi Rxebi Rb asmvZK ej `pZvi mv_
wekvm Ki evievi gv PvBZ ne| G cvceva wbRK msKzwPZ Kivi Rb bq| G cvceva Avjvni KvQ gv Pq wbRK
fvigy, cwe, DvwmZ I Avjvni bKUi c_ GwMq bqvi Rb| Avyjvn Beby gvmE` ejQb :

.

gywgb ew Zuvi cvcK Lye eo Ki `Lb, hb wZwb cvnvoi wbP em AvQb, fq cvQb, h Kvbv mgq
cvnvowU f Zuvi Dci co hve| Aviv cvcx gvbyl Zvi cvcK LyeB nvjKvfve `Lb, hb GKwU Do gvwQ Zvi bvKi
WMvq emQ, nvZ bvovjB Do hve|1
1. 14. 2. KqKwU gvmb~b BmwZMdvi
.a
ss
gywgb h Kvbv fvlvq I Avjvni KvQ gv PvBZ cvib| fvlv ev evKi Pq gbi AbykvPbv I AveM ewk
cqvRbxq| Ze ivm~jyjvn -Gi kLvbv evK eenvi Kiv Dg| mvaviYfve wewfb nv`xm BmwZMdvii Rb AvmZvMwdijvn
(Avwg Avjvni wbKU gv PvwQ ) Ges KLbv Gi mv_ Iqv AvZey BjvBwn (Ges Avwg Zuvi KvQ ZvIev KiwQ) evK eenvi Kiv
nqQ| GLvb KqKwU gvmb~b evK DjL KiwQ hwji dhxjZ I Z_m~ cieZx AvjvPbvq DjL Kiv ne:
whK&i bs 14
w
w
DPviY: AvvMwdijv-n| A_: Avwg Avjvni gv cv_bv KiwQ|

whK&i bs 15
DPviY: AvvMwdijv-nv Iqv AvZ~ey BjvBwn|

A_ : Avwg Avjvni gv cv_bv KiwQ I Zuvi w`K wdi AvmwQ|
whK&i bs 16
( )

( )

DPviY : ivweM& wdijx, Iqv Zze AvjvBqv, BbvKv AvbZvZ ZvIqv-eyi ivnxg| wZxq eYbq ivnxg-Gi e`j:
Mvdi|
A_: n Avgvi cfy, Avcwb AvgvK gv Kib Ges Avgvi ZvIev Keyj Kib| wbq Avcwb gnvb ZvIev KeyjKvix
KiYvgq| wZxq eYbvq: ZvIev KeyjKvix I gvKvix|
Contents
whK&i bs 17 : (3 evi)
51

( )

DPviY : AvmZvMwdijv-nvj& (Avhxgvj&) jvhx jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- Avj nvBDj KvBEgy Iqv AvZey BjvBwn|
A_: Avwg gnvb Avjvni gv cv_bv KiwQ, whwb Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB, wZwb wPixe I me msiK, Ges Zuvi KvQ
ZvIev KiwQ|
whK&i bs 18: (mvBq`yj BwMdvi)
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: Avjv-v, AvbZv ivex, jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- AvbZv, LvjvKZvbx, IqvAvbv Ave`yKv, IqvAvbv Avjv- Avnw`Kv
IqvIqvA&w`Kv gvm ZvZvA&Z|z AvEhy weKv wgb kviwi gv- ^vbvZz, Ave~D jvKv wewbgvwZKv AvjvBqv, IqvAve~D jvKv
wehvgwe| dvM&wdijx, dvBbv jv- BqvMwdih hybe~ v Bjv- AvbZv|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb Avgvi cfy, Avcwb Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB| Avcwb AvgvK mw KiQb Ges Avwg Avcbvi ev`v|
Avwg Avcbvi KvQ c` AwKvi I cwZvi Dci iqwQ hZUzKz ciwQ| Avwg Avcbvi Avkq cv_bv Kwi Avwg h Kg KiwQ Zvi
AKjvY _K| Avwg Avcbvi KvQ cZveZb KiwQ Avcwb AvgvK hZ wbqvgZ `vb KiQb Zv-mn Ges Avwg Avcbvi KvQ
cZveZb KiwQ Avgvi cvc-mn| AZGe, Avcwb AvgvK gv Kib, Avcwb Qvov KD cvc gv KiZ cvi bv|
1. 14. 3. ZvIev-BwMdvii dhxjZ I wb`kbv
KziAvb Kvixg gywgbMYK evievi ZvIev I BmwZMdvi KiZ wb`k Ìqv nqQ| ZvIev I BmwZMdvii Rb
gv, cyivi I ghv`v QvovI RvMwZK DbwZ I eiKZi mymsev` c`vb Kiv nqQ| Abyicfve wewfb nv`xm BmwZMdvii
wb`k Ìqv nqQ| Avgiv `LwQ h, BmwZMdvi Avjvni AbZg whK&i| whK&ii mvaviY dhxjZ BwMdviKvix jvf
Kieb| G QvovI BwMdvii AwZwi ghv`v I mvIqve iqQ| G welqK wKQy nv`xm GLvb DjL KiwQ :
(1). Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
Avjvni Kmg! Avwg w`bi ga 70 eviiI ewk Avjvni KvQ gv PvB Ges ZvIev Kwi|1
(2). AvMvi Avj-gyhvbx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
ss
( )
( )

w
w
.a
n gvbyliv Zvgiv Avjvni KvQ ZvIev Ki| wbq Avwg GKw`bi ga 100 evi Avjvni wbKU ZvIev Kwi ev BwMdvi
Kwi|2
(3). Avyjv n Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb, Avgiv Y `LZvg ivm~jjy vn () GK gvRwjmB (GKevii h Kvbv eVKi
ga) gvRwjm ZvM Ki DV hvIqvi AvM 100 evi: ivweM& wdijx ... Mvdi (Dcii 16 bs whK&i) ejZb|3
(4). Avyjv n Beby gvmE` ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb, ev`v Avjvni wbKU ZvIev Kij (cvc _K wdi Avjvni
AvbyMZi w`K cZveZb Kij) Avjvn mxgvnxb Lywk nb| Zvi Lywki Zzjbv, GK ew Rbgvbek~b gif~wgZ _gQ| Zvi
mv_ Zvi evnb, hvi wcV Zvi Lv` I cvbxq iqQ| m GKUz wek&vg KiZ hq Nywgq wMqQ| Nyg _K DV `L h, Zvi
evnb nvwiq wMqQ| gif~wgi cP iv` I wccvmvq m Kv nq wbwZ gZzK gb wbq GKmgq Aemv` Nywgq co| Nyg
_K DV m `LZ cvq h Zvi DU Zvi cvk `vwoq iqQ| wbwZ gZyi nvZ _K iv cq m GZB Lywk nq h, m
Avjvni KZZv cKvk Ki ej: n Avjvn, Avcwb Avgvi `vm, Avwg Avcbvi cfy| Avbì AvwZkh m fyj Ki dj|
DU wdi AvmvZ G ew hZ Avbw`Z nqQ Kvbv cvcx ev`v cvc _K wdi Avmj ev ZvIev Kij Avjvn Zvi PqI
ewk Avbw`Z nb|4
myenv-bvjvn! KZ fvjevmb Avjvn Zuvi cvcx ev`vK!! G myhvM ay cvcxì RbB| Avgvì wK AvMn nq bv h
gnvb cfyK Gfve Avbw`Z Kie!
(5). Avbvm (iv) ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjv n -K ejZ bwQ, Avjvn ejb: n Av`g mvb, Zzwg hZY AvgvK
WvKe I Avgvi KiYvi Avkv Kie Avwg ZvgvK gv Kie, Zzwg hvB Ki bv Kb, Kvbv wKQyB civqv Kie bv| n Av`g
Contents
52
mvb, hw` Zvgvi cvc Avmgvb k Ki GiciI Zzwg BwMdvi Ki ev gv PvI Avwg ZvgvK gv Kie, Kvbv
civqv Kie bv| n Av`g mvb, Zzwg hw` cw_ex c~Y cvc wbq Avgvi KvQ nvwRi nI, wK wki&K _K gy _vK, Zvnj Avwg
cw_ex c~Y gv ZvgvK c`vb Kie|1
(6). Ave` Beby eymi (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejb:
mB mfvMevb h Zvi Avgjbvgvq AbK BwMdvi cqQ|2

(7). Ab nv`xm ivm~jyjvn () ejQb: hw` KD Dci wjwLZ 17 bs whK&ii evKjv wZb evi ej, Zvnj Zvi
Mvbvnmg~nK gv Kiv ne, hw` m wRnvì gq`vb _K cvwjq Avmvi gZv KwVb cvcI Ki _vK| nv`xmwUK nvwKg, hvnvex
cgLy gynvwm mnxn ejQb|3
1. 14. 4. wcZvgvZv I mKj gymwjgi Rb BwMdvi
om
gywgb hgb wbRi Rb Avjvni gv wfv Kieb, Zgwb gymwjg Dvni mKj m`mi Rb Avjvni KvQ gv
cv_bv Kieb| weklZ wbRi wcZvgvZv, AvZxq I ezMY I c~eeZx gymwjgMYi Rb| KziAvb Avjvn ejQb, cieZx
hMi gymwjg cRbiv ej:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
n Avgvì cfy, Avcwb AvgvìK gv Kib Ges Cgvbi AMYx Avgvì fvBìK gv Kib| Avi
Avcwb Avgvì Ai gywgbMYi wei Kvbv wnsmv, wel ev Agj BQv ivLeb bv| n Avgvì cf,y wbq Avcwb gnv
KiYvgq I cig `qvjy|4
Gfve mKj gymwjgi Rb gv wfv Kiv wdwikZv I bexMYi mybvZ| KziAvb Kvixg G aibi AbK `yAv DjL
Kiv nqQ|
wcZvgvZvi Rb BwMdvii dhxjZ GKvwaK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| GKwU mnxn nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn ejb:

RvbvZ Kvbv Kvbv ewi ghv`v ew Kiv ne| ZLb m eje: wKfve Avgvi ghv`v ew cj? ZLb ZvK ejv ne,
Zvgvi mvb Zvgvi Rb gv cv_bv KiQ, GRb Zvgvi ghv`v evwoq Ìqv nqQ|5
ss
1. 15. `yAv ev cv_bv vcK whK&i
GZY Avgiv gv cv_bvi welq wKQy Rvbjvg| GLb Avgiv mvaviY cv_bv ev `yAv mK AvjvPbv Kie, Bbkv
.a
Avjvn|
w
w
1. 15. 1. `yAvi cwiPq I dhxjZ

`yAv ejZ Avgiv mvaviYfve evsjvq cv_bv Kiv eywS| G A_ AviexZ `ywU k eenvi Kiv nq : (1).
A_vr PvIqv ev hv&Tv Kiv (ask, pray, beg) I (2). A_vr Avnvb Kiv, WvKv, cv_bv Kiv (call, pray, invoke)|
GQvov AviKwU k G eenvi Kiv nq: gybvRvZ ev PzcPzc K_v ejv (whisper to each other)|
Avjvni mv_ ev`vi mKj K_v, whK&i I cv_bvKB gybvRvZ ejv nq| nv`xm mvjvZK gybvRvZ ejv nqQ|
ivm~jjy vn () ejQb:
hLb KD mvjvZ _vK ZLb m Zvi cfyi mv_ gybvRvZ (Mvcb K_vevZvq) iZ _vK|6
Ab nv`xm wZwb ejb:
( )

Contents
53
hLb KD mvjvZ ùvovq ZLb h Zvi cfyi mv_ gybvRvZ iZ _vK; AZGe wKfve Ges Kx ej gybvRvZ
KiQ m w`K hb m Lqvj ivL (eyS I gbvhvM mnKvi mvjvZ co)| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
Avjvni mv_ K_vevZv, cv_bv I `yAvK gybvRvZ ejv nq, KviY wZwb ev`vi mePq KvQ| Zuvi mv_ ev`vi K_v
Mvcb I PzcPzc nq| GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ, GK ew ivm~jyjvn -K ck Ki :
Avgvì cfy wK Avgvì KvQ, bv `~i? hw` KvQ nb Ze Avgiv Zuvi mv_ gybvRvZ Kie ev PzcPzc K_v eje| Avi
hw` wZb `~i nb Zvnj Avgiv Rvi Rvi ZuvK WvKe| Reve Avjvn KziAvb Kvixgi m~iv evKvivi 186 bs AvqvZ bvwhj Kib:
Ges hLb Avgvi ev`vMY AvcbvK Avgvi welq ck Ki, (ZLb Zvì ejyb) Avwg Zvì wbKUeZx|2
.c
om
Avgiv `LwQ h, `yAv ev cv_bv whK&ii AbZg cKiY| mKj `yAvB whK&i; Ze mKj whK&i `yAv bq| KviY `yAvi
ga ev`v Avjvni iY Kivi mv_ mv_ wbRi `ywbqv-AvwLivZi KjvY cv_bv Kib| Avi ay whK&i ev`v Avjvni Yvejx,
ghv`v, cksmv BZvw` iY Kib|
gywgb Avjvni ìevi h Kvbv welq Kvbv cv_bv Kij wZwb Avjvni whK&ii dhxjZ I mvIqve ARb Kieb|
KvRB, mvaviY whK&ii dhxjZi ga `yAvI iqQ| Ze KziAvb I nv`xm `vIqvi Rb wekl dhxjZ, ghv`v I wb`k
NvlYv Kiv nqQ| GLvb msc Zvi wKQy DjL KiZ BQv Kwi| Avjvni ZvIdxK I KeywjqZ cv_bv KiwQ|
(1). Avey hvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejb, Avjvn ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st

.
.

.

...

...

w
w
.a
ss
n Avgvi ev`vMY, Avwg hvK c_ `LvB m Qvov Zvgiv mKjB c_| AZGe, Zvgiv Avgvi KvQ n`vqZ cv_bv
Ki, Zvnj Avwg ZvgvìK n`vqZ `vb Kie| n Avgvi ev`vMY, aygv Avwg hvK LvBqwQ m Qvov Zvgiv mKjB zavZ|
AZe, Zvgiv Avgvi KvQ Lv` PvI, Zvnj Avwg ZvgvìK Lv` `vb Kie| n Avgvi ev`vMY, Avwg hvK cvkvK cwiavb
KwiqwQ m Qvov Zvgiv mKjB Dj| AZGe, Zvgiv Avgiv KvQ e cv_bv Ki, Zvnj Avwg ZvgvìK e `vb Kie| n
Avgvi ev`vMY, Zvgiv ivZw`b Abvq I cvc wj nq coQ Avi Avwg mKj Mvbvn gv Kwi| AZGe, Zvgiv Avgvi KvQ
Mvbvni gv PvI, Zvnj Avwg ZvgvìK gv Kie| ... n Avgvi ev`vMY, hw` mwi c_g _K kl ch mKj gvbyl I wRb
GK ùvwoq Avgvi KvQ (Zvì mKj cqvRb) cv_bv Ki Ges Avwg cZKK Zvi cv_bv c~Yfve `vb Kwi, ZvnjI Avgvi
fvvi _K AZUzKzB Kge, gnvmgyì ga GKwU m~Zv wfRvj mgyì cvwb hZUzKz Kge (A_vr, wKQyB Kge bv)|3
(2). Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb, Avjvn ejb:
Avgvi ev`v Avgvi welq hic aviYv Ki Avwg mLvbB _vwK| Avgvi ev`v hLb AvgvK WvK ZLb Avwg Zvi
mv_ _vwK|4
(3). bygvb Beby evkxi (iv) ejb, bexRx ejQb :

...
`yAv ev cv_bvB Bev`Z| GK_v ej wZwb KziAvbi AvqvZ cvV Kijb: Zvgvì cfy ejb: Zvgiv AvgvK WvK
(`yAv Ki), Avwg Zvgvì WvK mvov wè| hviv Avgvi Bev`Z (`yAv) _K AnsKvi Ki Zviv kxNB jvwZ nq Rvnvbvg cek
Contents
54
Kie | nv`xmwU mnxn|

mybvb wZiwghxZ G gg Ab GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ :
`yAv Bev`Zi gMR| G nv`xmwUi mb` `yej | Bgvg wZiwghx nv`xmwU eYbv Ki DjL KiQb h, Zv hqxd|
Gici wZwb Dcii `yAvB Bev`Z nv`xmwU eYbv Ki ZvK mnxn ej DjL KiQb|3
(4). Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn () ejQb :

Avjvni KvQ `yAv ev cv_bvi Pq mvwbZ e Avi wKQyB bB| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
(5). Dev`vn Beby mvwgZ (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Rwgbi eyK h Kvbv gymwjg Avjvni KvQ Kvbv `yAv Kij - h `yAvq Kvbv cvc ev AvZxqZvi wZKviK
wKQy Pvq bv - Avjvn Zuvi `yAv Keyj KiebB| ZuvK Zuvi cvw_Z e wèb| A_ev Z`vbyhvqx Zuvi Kvbv wec` KvwUq
wèb| nv`xmwU mnxn|5
(6). Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
.

h Kvbv gymwjg Avjvni KvQ gyL Zzj Kvbv wKQy cv_bv Kij Avjvn ZuvK Zv wèbB| ZuvK Zv mv_ mv_
wèb A_ev (AvLivZi Rb) Zv Rgv Ki ivLeb|6
(7). Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
: (
)

. :
w
w
.a
ss
hLbB Kvbv gymwjg cvc I AvZxqZv b Kiv Qvov Ab h Kvbv welq Avjvni KvQ cv_bv Ki ZLbB Avjvn
Zuvi cv_bv c~iY Ki ZuvK wZbwU welqi GKwU `vb Kib : nq Zuvi cvw_Z eB ZuvK m m c`vb Kib, A_ev Zuvi
cv_bvK (cv_bvi mvIqve) Zuvi AvLivZi Rb mq Ki ivLb A_ev `yAvi cwigvY Zuvi Ab Kvbv wec` wZwb `~i Ki
`b| GK_v b mvnvexMY ejb : n Avjvni ivm~j, Zvnj Avgiv ewk ewk `yAv Kie| wZwb Di ejb : Avjvn
ZvAvjv Aviv ewk (cv_bv c~iY Kieb)| nv`xmwU mnxn|7
hqxd nv`xm ewYZ nqQ, wKqvgZi w`b hLb ev`v `yAvi wewbgq mwZ mvIqvei cwigvY `Le ZLb Kvgbv Kie,
hw` Zuvi Kvbv cv_bvB `ywbqvZ Keyj bv nZv! meB hw` AvLivZi Rb Rgv _vKZv!8
(8). mvjgvb dvwimx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb :
Avjvn jvRyK `qvevb| hLb Kvbv gvbyl Zuvi w`K `yLvbv nvZ DVvq ZLb wZwb Zv e_ I k~bfve wdwiq w`Z
jv cvb|9
(9). mvIevb (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :

"
Contents

`yAv Qvov Avi wKQyB ZK`xi DvZ cvi bv| gvbyli DcKvi I KjvYi KvRB ay Avqy ew cvq|
AbK mgq gvbyl Mvbvn Kivi dj Zvi wiwhK _K ewZ nq| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
(10). Avyjvn Beb Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
55

h wec` ev gywmeZ bvwhj nq wMqQ Ges hv GLbv bvwhj nqwb (fwelZi fvM AvQ wK GLbv eve
Avmwb) Gic mKj wec` KvUvZ cv_bv DcKvix| AZGe, n Avjvni ev`vMY, Zvgvì `vwqZ `yAvi Imxjv MnY Kiv|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
(11). Avey ivBiv (iv) ivm~jyjv n _K eYbv KiQb:

mePq Ag ew h `yAv KiZI Ag| Avi mePq KcY ew h mvjvg w`ZI KcYZv Ki| nv`xmwU
om
mnxn|3
(12). Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn wKQy wec`M gvbyli wbKU w`q Mgb Kib| ZLb wZwb ejb :
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
Giv wK Avjvni KvQ myZv I wbivcv cv_bv KiZ bv?

1. 15. 2. Aea Lv` eRb `yAv Keyji c~ek Z
1. 15. 2. 1. nvjvj DcvRb ebvg nvivg DcvRb
`yAv, whK&i I Bev`Z Keyj nIqvi AbZg kZ nvjvj DcvRb wbfiZv| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejb :
:

.
:

:

w
w
.a
ss
n gvbyliv, Avjvn cwe| wZwb cwe (ea) Qvov Kvbv wKQyB Keyj Kib bv| Avjvn gywgbMYK mB wb`k
w`qQb h wb`k wZwb bex I ivm~jMYK w`qQb (ea I cwe DcvRb fY Kiv)| wZwb (ivm~jMYK wb`k w`q) ejQb
: n ivm~jMY, Zvgiv cwe DcvRb _K fY Ki Ges mrKg Ki, wbq Zvgiv hv wKQy Ki Zv Avwg Rvwb|5 (Avi wZwb
gywgbMYK GKB wb`k w`q ejQb) : n gywgbMY, Avwg Zvgvì h wiwhK c`vb KiwQ Zv _K cwe wiwhK fY
Ki6| Gici wZwb GKRb gvbyli K_v DjL Kib, h ew (nR, Dgiv BZvw` cvjbi Rb, Avjvni c_) `xN mdi
iZ _vK, a~wj a~mwiZ `n I Gjvgjv Pzj, Zvi nvZ `ywU AvKvki w`K evwoq w`q m `yAv KiZ _vK, n cfy! n cfy
!! wK Zvi Lv` nvivg, Zvi cvkvK nvivg, Zvi cvbxq nvivg Ges nvivg DcvRbi RxweKvZB Zvi igvsm Mo DVQ| Zvi
`yAv wKfve Keyj ne! 7
wcq cvVK, Avgiv `Le h, G ew `yAv Keyj nIqvi AbKjv Avè cvjb KiQ| m gymvwdi Aevq `yAv KiQ
Ges wewfb nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, gymvwdii `yAv Keyj nq| m a~wj a~mwiZ I Amnvq Aevq `yAv KiQ Ges webq, AvKzwZ
I AmnvqZ cKvkKvixi `yAv Keyj Kiv nq| m nvZ Zzj `yAv KiQ, hv `yAvi GKwU iyZc Y~ Avè| GZ wKQy mI Zvi
`yAv Keyj ne bv| KviY Zvi DcvRb nvivg| nvivg RxweKvi Dci wbfiKvixi Kvbv cv_bv Keyj Kiv nq bv|
G nv`xm Avgiv `wL h, nvjvj, ea I cwe RxweKvi Dci wbfi Kiv mKj hyMi mKj bex, ivm~j I wekvmxMYi
AbZg cavb `vwqZ| mKj hyMi mKj bex I Zuvì DZMYi Rb ZvInxì ciB Bmjvgi gwjK meRbxb weavb nvjvj I
ea DcvRbi Dci wbfi Kiv|
Avgiv Aviv `wL h, mrKg Kivi wb`k ea RxweKv ARbi wb`ki ci| G _K Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, DcvRb I
Contents

RxweKv ea bv nj Kvbv mrKgB Keyj ne bv| Dcii nv`xm weklfve `yAvi welq DjL Kiv nqQ| Abvb
AbK nv`xm mKj Bev`Zi K_v ejv nqQ| GKwU nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
56

cwe (nvjvj) Qvov Kvbv wKQz Avjvni KvQ DV bv|1
cLvZ mvnvex Avyjvn Beby Dgvi (iv) emivi ckvmK Avyjv n Beby AvwgiK Zvi Amy Aevq `LZ hvb| Beby
Avwgi ejb: Beby Dgvi, Avcwb Avgvi Rb `yAv Kib| Beby Dgvi Zvi Rb `yAv KiZ AmZ nb| KviY wZwb wQjb
AvwjK ckvmK| Avi G aibi gvbyli Rb nvivg, Ryjyg, AwZwi Ki, miKvwi mì Aea eenvi BZvwì ga
wbcwZZ nIqv me| GKviY Beby Dgvi (iv) D Zvi Rb `yAv KiZ A^xKvi Ki ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjv n -K ejZ
bwQ:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Ihy-Mvmj Qvov Kvbv mvjvZ Keyj nq bv, Avi Aea mì Kvbv `vb Keyj nq bv| Avi Avcwb Zv emivi
Mfbi wQjb|2
KZ KwVb wmv! Aea I `ybxwZhy DcvRb wj gvbyli Rb Zuviv `yAv KiZI ivwR wQjb bv! G welq mvnvex I
ZveqxMYi AMwYZ gZvgZ Avgiv `LZ cvB| Zuviv GKevK ejQb h, Ryjgy , AZvPvi, `ybxwZ, duvwK ev Ab Kvbv cKvi
Aea DcvRbi A_ w`q ev ea mì ga Gic Aea m` mswgwkZ Ki Zv w`q hw` KD nR, Dgiv, `vb, gmwR`
wbgvY, gv`vmv wbgvY, RbKjvYg~jK Kg, AvZxq^Rb I Afvex gvbylì mvnvh, BZvw` bK Kg Ki Zvnj ZvZ Zvi cvcB
ew ne, Kvbv cKvi mvIqvei AwaKvix m ne bv| GgbwK G aibi Ryjyg, cebv, `ybx wZ ev Aea DcvRbi A_ Zwi
Kvbv gmwR`, gv`vmv, gymvwdiLvbv eenvi KiZI Zuviv wbla KiQb|3
nvivg ev wbwl è fY Kiv `yB cKvi nZ cvi| c_g Gic wKQy fY Kiv hv Avjvn vqxfve gywgbi Rb
nvivg ev wbwl KiQb ; hgb, k~Kii gvsm, gZ Rxei gvsm, g`, cevwnZ i, BZvw`| Gjv Bmjvg vqx nvivg| KD
GjvK nvjvj fvej Zvi Cgvb b ne Ges m Agymwjg ej weewPZ ne| Avi nvivg RbI Kvbv gvbexq `yej Zvi
KviY Lj Mvbvn ne| ZvIev Kij Avjvn gv Kieb| wekl cqvRb Rxeb ivi Rb Lj Kvbv Mvbvn ne bv| G
aibi nvivg è nvivg DcvRbi ga aiv nq bv| Gjv Kexiv Mvbvn I Avjvni AevaZvi Afy, ev`v AbyZ nq
ZvIev Kij Avjvn gv Kib| wZxq cKvii nvivg fY njv Aea I wbwl cvq DcvRb Ki Zv fY Kiv| G
cKvii nvivg fY AbK gymwjg wj nb| GZ Zvi agRxeb asm ev wZM nq|
w
w
.a
ss
1. 15. 2. 2. mgvR cPwjZ wewfb nvivg DcvRb

nvivg _K `~i _vKvi Pv AbZg whK&i| Aci c hw` hvwKi nvivg m` eRb KiZ bv cvib Zvnj Zvi
mKj whK&i I mKj Bev`Z A_nxb nq co| GRb GLvb Avwg Avgvì mgvRi nvivg DcvRbjv mK msw
AvjvPbv KiZ PvwQ| Bmjvgi `wZ nvivg DcvRbi g~j Drmjv msc wbic :
(K) my` : KziAvb my`K nvivg I wbwl NvlYv Kiv nqQ| Dci Avjvn ejQb, hviv Avjvni weavb c`vbi ciI
myì ga wj _vKe Zvì mv_ Avjvn I ivm~ji Ab hy NvwlZ _vKe|4 nv`xm mKj cKvi my`K KwVbfve nvivg
NvlYv Kiv nqQ| my`wfwK DcvRbi mv_ RwoZ mKjK: my` MwnZv, `vZv, jLK I myw` jb`bi mvx mevBK ivm~jyjvn
Awfkvc ev jvbZ c`vb KiQb| `ywbqv I AvwLivZ Zvì Rb KwVb kvwi K_v DjL KiQb|5
Gfve Bmjvgx kixqZ myì gvag DcvwRZ mKj m` KwVbZg nvivg DcvRb| my`Lvi, A_vr h ew FY,
wewbqvM ev Aby`vb BZvwì bvg bM` A_ FY c`vb Ki Ges MnxZvi wbKU _K D A_i Rb mgqi wewbgq AwZwi
A_ MnY Ki Zvi DcvRb hgb nvivg, Zgwb my`-`vZv, A_vr whwb my` FY MnY Kib Ges mgqi wewbgq AwZwi A_
c`vb Kib wZwbI KwVb nvivg Kg wj|
myì wewfb cKvi AvQ| cavb cKvi FY ev A_ c`vb Ki mgqi Dci AwZwi A_ MnY| Avgvì `ki
evsKjvi mKj cKvi jb`b I jvf, wewfb e, mq c BZvwì jvf meB my`| evsK, Gb.wR.I., mwgwZ BZvwì FYI
my`wfwK| exgv Kvvbxjvi Ìqv jvf I exgvI m~`| Bmjvgx kixqZ wfwK evsK, Gb. wR. I. I exgv cwiPvjbvi Pv Kiv
nQ| h_vh_ Bmjvgx kixqZ gZ PjQ wKbv Zv wbwZ nq gywgb Gic Kvbv cwZvbi mv_ jb`b KiZ cvib|
Contents
om
57
1
gnvb Avjvn ejb: Avjvn ePvKbv ev eemv ea KiQb Ges my` Aea KiQb| Bmjvgx kixqZ my`
I eemvqi ga gwjK cv_Ki AbZg h, my` A_i wewbgq AwZwi A_ MnY A_ev Kvbv Kvbv cYi cYi
wewbgq AwZwi cY MnY| Avi eemv cYi wewbgq A_ ev A_i wewbgq cY MnY| ePvKbv ev eemvqi wewfb cwZ
Bmjvg ea Kiv nqQ| hgb bM` eemv, evwK eemv I AwMg eemv| bM` eemvq cY I g~j nvZnvZ jb`b nq| evwK
eemvq cY AvM MnY Ki ci g~j c`vb Kiv nq| Avi AwMg eemvq g~j AvM MnY Kiv nq Ges cY ci c`vb Kiv nq|
evwK weqi cYi g~j evRvi ìi Pq wKQz ewk ivLv Ges AwMg weqi Rb cYi g~j evRvi ì _K wKQz Kg
ivLv Aea bq ev my` bq| Ze Gic eemvqi Rb AbK kZ iqQ| mKj B cY, g~j, g~j c`vbi mgq BZvw`
mywbavwiZ nZ ne| wbavwiZ mgqi ewZgi KviY wbavwiZ g~j ev cYi ga Avi Kvbv Kgewk ev nidi Kiv hve
bv| G mKj kZ I cv_K nv`xm I wdKni M _K ev Avwjgì wbKU _K fvjfve Rb gywgb G RvZxq jb`b KiZ
cvib| mKj my` I Aea qweq _K AvZiv KiZ ne|
AbK mgq ea eemvq I myì ga evwnK mv`k gywgbK auvKv w`Z cvi| 5000 UvKv bM` MnY Ki `y-GK eQii
wKwZ 6000 UvKv c`vb my`| cvi 5000 UvKv g~ji GKwU mvBKj evwKZ 6000 UvKvq weq Kiv ea| evwKi gqv`
Ges GKevi ev wKwZ c`vbi welq Zv-weZvi ga mgSvZvi gvag wbavwiZ nZ cvi|
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
KD nqZ ejZ cvib, Dfq welq Zv GKB| KvRB GKwU ea I AbwU Aea nIqvi KviY ev hyw wK nZ cvi?
eZ GKwU ea I AbwU Aea nIqvi AbK hyw I KviY iqQ, hjvi AvjvPbv G cyKi cwimi me bq| Ze
gywgbi Rb mePq eo K_v Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () wb`k| Ave~ mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb, wejvj (iv) DbZ gvbi eyiwb
LRyi Gb `b ivm~jjy vn -K| wZwb ejb, ejvj, Zzwg G LRyi Kv_v _K cj? wZwb ejb, Avgvì wbKU Lvivc
LRyi wQj, Avwg cwZ `y mv Lvivc LRyii wewbgq GK mv fvj LRyi wnme Lvivc LRyi weq Ki G fvj LRyi wKbwQ|
ivm~jjy vn ejb, Avnv! GB Zv my`! Zvgvi cqvRb nj, Zzwg Lvivc LRyi bM` UvKvq weq Ki mB UvKvq fvj LRyi
q Kie|2
Gfve Avgiv `LwQ h, 20 UvKv KwR g~ji 3 KwR fvj PvDji wewbgq 15 UvKv KwR g~ji 4 KwR Lvivc
PvDj c`vb ev MnY Kij Zv my` ne| A_P D Pvi KwR Kgv PvDj bM` weq Ki 3 KwR fvj PvDj bM` q Kij Zv
my` ne bv| GLb hw` KD jb`bi djvdj GKB ej `vwe Kib Ze gywgb Zv MnY Kieb bv| eis Dfqi cv_K
Abyavebi Pv Kieb Ges mevevq wZwb ivm~jjy vn -Gi wb`k cvjb Kieb|
Avgvì `ki eKx eevI g~jZ my` wbfi| eKx eevq FY`vZv FYi wbqZvi Rb Rwg ev è eK ivLZ
cvib| Ze m ewK Rwg ev èi gvwjKvbv FY MnxZv gvwjKiB _vKe| G Rwg ev è FY`vZv eenvi KiZ cvieb bv|
aygv RvgvbZ wnme Zvi wbKU iwZ _vKe| gvwjKi AbygwZZ Zv eenvi Kij ZvK eenvii Rb fvov ev wewbgq w`Z
ne| hw` c` FY wVK _vK Avevi FY`vZv Kvbv wewbgq Qvov D Rwg ev è eenvi Kib Zvnj Zv my` ne|
w
w
.a
(L) Nyl : NylK nv`xm KwVbfve nvivg ej NvlYv Kiv nqQ| Nyl`vZv, MnxZv I `vjvj mevBK Awfk ej DjL
Kiv nqQ| Kvbv KvRi Rb hw` KgPvix ev KgKZv miKvi ev Kg`vZvi wbKU _K eZb ev fvZv MnY Kib, Zvnj G KvRi
Rb mev-MnYKvixi wbKU _K Kvbvic nvw`qv, cyivi ev mvnvh MnY KivB Nyl| Pq A_ev bv Pq, AvM A_ev ci, BQvq
A_ev AwbQvq, Lywk nq ev eva nq, UvKvq A_ev è A_ev myhvM hfveB G A_, Dcnvi ev myhvM MnY Kiv nvK bv Kb Zv
m`nvZxZfve Nyl ej MY ne Ges nvivg DcvRb wnmve D MnxZvi mv_ Zvi cfyi mK wQb Kie| wkKMY eZbi
wewbgq h wkv I mev c`vb Pzwe, WvviMY eZbi wewbgq h wPwKrmvmev c`vbi Rb Pzwe m wkv, wPwKrmv ev
mevi wewbgq Qv ev ivMxi wbKU _K AwZwi Kvbv myweav, Dcnvi ev A_ MnYI GKB aibi Nyl| GQvov Kgx, KgPvix,
KgKZv ev ckvmKK cì KviY Dcnvi-nv`xqv c`vb KivKI Nyl ej DjL Kiv nqQ nv`xm| GgbwK Kviv Rb Kvbv ea
mycvwik ev mvnvh Kivi ci m Rb Zvi _K nv`xqv, Dcnvi ev wgw MnY KivKI nv`xm kixd Aea DcvRb ej MY Kiv
nqQ|
(M) Ryqv : Bmjvg RyqvK nvivg DcvRbi AbZg Drm wnmve MY Kiv nqQ| mvaviYfve Ryqv Avgvì
cwiwPZ| mKj cKvi cPwjZ jUvwi Ryqv| GQvov mKj cKvi evwR Ryqv, h mswk cMY cZK wbw` cwigvY A_
Rgv Ki Ges weRqx c mKj A_ MnY Ki| eZgvb Avgvì `k mvaviY LjvayjvI Gfve Ryqvi gvag AvqvwRZ
nQ| wKkviMYI GLb Ryqv wbfi nq wMqQ! Ljvayjv ev ea cwZhvwMZvq 3q c cyivi w`Z cvi|
(N) Ryjyg, Rvi Kiv ev Ko bqv : KziAvb I nv`xm Rvi ev AwbQvi gvag Kviv A_ MnY KivK nvivg
DcvRbi AbZg w`K wnmve DjL Kiv nqQ| h Kvbv cKvi Kviv wbKU _K Kvbv cKvii A_, Dcnvi, myweav ev
KvbvwKQy MnY KivB nvivg| Gfve hv wKQy MnY Kiv nq meB Acwe DcvRb| mKj cKvi Puv`v, hZzK, Rei`wg~jK
Contents
58
Dcnvi, wQbZvB, WvKvwZ BZvw` G RvZxq nvivg DcvRb| wKQy q Ki cfve `wLq g~j Kg Ìqv, kw I
cfvei KviY wiKkv, Mvwo, kwgK BZvwì fvov ev cvwikwgK Kg Ìqv GKB kYxi Ryjyg| mgvRi `yej kYxi gvbylì
cvc UvKvcqmv, miKvwi Aby`vb, mw BZvw` cyiv ev AvswkK Pvc w`q ev fq `wLq MnY KivI G chvqi DcvRb| G
aibi mKj DcvRbB nvivg, Ze mePq bvsiv nvivg DcvRb hZzK| G RvZxq AbZg AviKwU Ryjyg wcZvi gZz i ci
wcZvi mwi kixqZmZ Ask evbìK, GwZg ev `yej cvcKìK bv w`q `Lj Kiv| KziAvb Kixg Gaibi
ewìK myfve Rvnvbvgx ej NvlYv Kiv nqQ|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
(O) duvwK, auvKv, IRb Kg-ewk, fRvj, LqvbZ ev `vwqZ Aenjv BZvwì gvag DcvwRZ m` : Gjv meB
KwVbZg nvivg DcvRb| KziAvb I nv`xm G mKj welq evievi mveavb Kiv nqQ| Kg j duvwK Ìqv, KgPvix ev
Kg`vZvK Pzwi Pq Kg Kg c`vb KivI G kYxi nvivg DcvRb| mKj miKvwi I emiKvwi KgKZv, KgPvix, wkK, Wvvi
mevB wbR wbR Kg Pzw Abymvi c~Y Kg c`vb KiZ Bmjvgx kixqZ gZ eva| hw` Kviv Amyweav nq Zvnj Kg ZvM KiZ
cvib| wK KgiZ Aevq Kg Aenjv nvivg I Gfve DcvwRZ eZb nvivg| whK&i, Iqvh, `vIqvZ, `xb cwZv BZvw`
AhynvZ Kg Aenjv KijI GKBic nvivg ne| wPwKrmv QywU wbq nR ,Dgiv KivI nvivg DcvRbi ga| nq my I
mwVK KviY `wLq QywU wbZ ne, bv nj PvKwi Qo w`Z ne| wK Kvbv AevZB wg_v ej ev wbRK DcwZ `wLq
Kgi eZb MnY Kiv Ges m mgq Ab Kg Kiv Rvqh bq| Gfve DcvwRZ eZb m`nvZxZfve nvivg DcvRb|
zj, KjR, wekwe`jq, gv`vmv BZvwì wkKMY, WvviMY wbavwiZ mgq PvKzwi j Aevb KiZ I wbavwiZ mev
c`vb KiZ eva| hw` PvKzwii Pzw I myweavw` AcQ` nq Zvnj ev` w`Z cvib| cwieZbi Pv KiZ cvib| wK PvKzwiiZ
Aevq `vwqZ Aenjv, Kg covbv, Kg wPwKrmv Kiv, Qv ev ivMxK AwZwi mev MnYi Rb wbR^ KvwPs ev wKwbK hZ
DrmvwnZ Kiv meB nvivg Ges Gfve DcvwRZ A_ nvivg|
WvviMY Jla Kvvwb Ges WvqvMbwK cwZvb _K h Kwgkb ev nvw`qv MnY Kib ZvI G chvqi| G A_ Zvì
DcvwRZ bq, eis Kvbv mev Qvov Zv MnY Kiv nq| Dci G A_i gvag ZvìK Kvbv bv Kvbvfve Abvqi mv_ m
nZ nq| cqvRb Qvov cixv Kivbv, wbw` cwZvb cixv Kivbv, wbg gvbi ev ewk `vgi Jla Kbvi eev BZvw` meB
ev`vi n mswk Ryjg I cvci mv_ RwoZ| mKj cKvi fRvj I auvKvg~jK eemv nvivg| Kvbv èi Kvvwbi ev
cZ
KviKi bvg, qg~j BZvw` wg_v ej weq KivI GKBic nvivg|
w
w
.a
ss
wcq cvVK, Avgiv cZK Avgvì mvai ga AvQ Ggb mKj nvivg RxweKv ARb KiZ wav Kwi bv| Ze
Avgvì mvai evBi hmKj nvivg DcvRb Zv Avgiv NYv Kwi| hgb, zj gv`vmvi wkK Kg duvwK w`q nvivg DcvRb
Kib, Ze wZwb gx, mwPe I bZvì Kg Aenjvi wb`v Kib| mvaviY avwgK wcZv I hyeK AZxe AvMni mv_ hZzKi
gvag nvivg DcvRb MnY Kib, Ze ivRbwZK bZvì mvm, Puv`vevRx, `ybxwZK AZ NYv Kib| myhvM cj wbRi
evb I GwZg fvZzy, fvM I Abvbì mw, A_ BZvw` AbKB AvZmvr Kib, A_ev zj, gv`vmv, KjR ev QvULvU
cwZvbi wewfb A_ wKQyUv Gw`K mw`K Ki nRg Ki bb| Ze wZwb Zvi mvai evBi eo eo `ybxwZ I AvZmvZi
NUbvq wePwjZ nb|
AbK mgq Avgiv Avevi GmKj nvivg DcvRbK hywmZ KiZ PvB| miKvi Avgvì wVKgZv eZb `q bv,
wVKgZv covev Kb ? wVKgZv `vwqZ cvjb Kie Kb ? eZb cU Pj bv ZvB wg_v Z_ w`q wKQy fvZv wbq wbjvg,
BZvw`| nvivgK nvivg Rb I gb ZvZ wj nj Cgvb wKQyUv evwK _vK I ZvIevi myhvM _vK| wK Gaibi hyw w`q
nvivgK nvjvj Ki wbj ZvI _vK bv| Kg`vZv hw` Pzw Abyhvqx eZb `b, Zvnj Kgx Pzw Abyhvqx c~Y Kg c`vb eva|
PzwZ Abvq _vKj Zv mskvabi Pv KiZ ne, A_ev Pzwi Kg Qo w`Z ne| Pzwe _vKv Aevq Pzwi Kg duvwK
w`q h eZb MnY Kiv ne Zv wbtm`n nvivg DcvRb|
ivm~jjy vn DZi G AatcZbi fwelvYx Ki ejb,
gvbyli ga Ggb GK mgq Avme, hLb gvbyl wbwePvi hv cve ZvB MnY Kie| nvjvj m` MnY KiQ bv
nvivg m` MnY KiQ Zv weePbv Kie bv|1
Ab eYbvq ejv nqQ :
ZLb Zvì Kvbv `yAv Keyj Kiv ne bv|
Contents
59
gynZvivg cvVK, G mKj nv`xm _K Avgiv `wL h, nvivg RxweKv ev`vi mv_ Avjvni mK wQb Ki `q|
gvbyl hZ cvcx nvK, gnvb cfyi mv_ Zuvi mek euvab `yAvi mK wQb nq bv| hLbB cfiy AevaZvq wj G gvbylwU wec`
Avc` ev gv cv_bvi Rb cfiy ìevi nvZ DVvq, ZLb wZwb Zvi WvK mvov `b| wK nvivg RxweKv ev`vi mv_ cfyi GB
NwbZg I kZg mK wQb Ki `q| Kx KwVb cwiYwZ!
ck njv, me cvciB Zv gv AvQ, G cvci wK gv bB? Di njv, mKj cvci gvB ZvIevi gvag nq|
Ze mvaviY h Kvbv KwVb cvci ZvIev hZ mnR nvivg DcvRbi ZvIev ZZ mnR bq| GKRb g`c, ewfPvix, e-bvgvhx
GgbwK Kvwdi h Kvbv mgq Zvi cvc AbyZ nq Zvi cfyi KvQ e`bvZ I ew_Z gb AbyZvc Ki Avi cvc Kie bv ej
wmv wbjB Zvi ZvIev nq Mj| Avjvn ZvK gv Kieb ej KziAvb Kixg I AMwYZ nv`xm ejv nqQ|
wK h cvci mv_ Kvbv ev`vi nK RwoZ m cvci ZvIevi AbZg kZ AbyZvc, `b I cvc cwiZvMi
wmvmn hvi AwaKvi b Kiv nqQ Zvi wbKU _K gv jvf Kiv| mswk ewi wbKU _K gv jvf KiZ bv cvij
Zvì Ask Avjvn gv Kieb bv| wKqvgZi w`b Avjvn Zvì ga bvq wePvi cwZv Kieb|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
mKj nvivg DcvRbi g~j Kvbv ew Mvx, mgvR ev ivi m` Aeafve MnY Kiv| nvivg DcvRb _K ZvIevi
Rb c_g Mfxifve AbyZ nZ ne| wZxq, mKj cKvi Aea DcvRb eRbi wmv wbZ ne| ZZxq, hvì wbKU _K
Aeafve m` MnY Kiv nqQ ZvìK, ev Zvì DivwaKvixMYK Zv wdwiq w`q gv wbZ ne| G ZZxq kZwUB
mePq KwVb| GZ Ag nj Aeafve DcvwRZ mKj A_ I m` hvì m` Zvì bvg wewjq w`Z ne, ewk Ki Zvì
Rb `yAv KiZ ne, ewk Ki Avjvni KvQ Kuv`Z ne, hb Zvì G nK Av`vqi eev Ki `b| mevcwi Lye ewk Ki
mvIqvei KvR KiZ ne, hb cvIbv`viì Ìqvi ciI wbRi wKQy _vK| mevevq Avjvni ìevi wbRi AmnvqZ, AvKzwZ
I e`bv ck Ki m`v me`v ZvIev KiZ ne| mvnvex I ZveqxMY ejQb, Gme wKQyi ciI Zvi AvLivZi wbivcvi welq
wKQyB ejv hve bv|
gynZvivg cvVK, Aea DcvRbKvixi mKj Kg, mKj cv_bv A_nxb nIqvi cvkvcvwk Zvi Aea DcvRbi Rb
AvLivZ iqQ KwVb kvw| G welq ivm~jyjvn AbK wb`kbv c`vb KiQb| GK nv`xm Avey Dgvgv (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn () ejQb : h ew Aeafve Kvbv gymwjgi Kvbv m` AvZmvr Kie Zvi Rb Avjvn Rvnvbvg wbwZ
Ki wèb Ges Zvi Rb RvbvZ wbwl Kiv ne| GK ew ck Kij : n Avjvni ivm~j, hw` mvgvb Kvbv wRwbm
Aeafve MnY Ki? wZwb Di ejb : hw` AvivK MvQi GKUzKiv LwZ WvjI KD Aeafve MnY Ki Zvnj ZviI G
kvw|1
Ab nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb: hw` KD KvDK Ryjyg Ki _vK ev wZ Ki _vK Zvnj
Rxekvq Zvi wbKU _K gv I gyw be| KviY AvLivZ UvKvcqmv _vKe bv, ZLb AbvqKvixi bK Avgjjv wZM
K c`vb Kiv ne| hLb bK Avgj _vKe bv ZLb wZM ewi cvcjv AbvqKvixi Kuva Pvwcq ZvK Rvnvbvg djv
ne|2
Ab nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejb: Zvgiv wK Rvb Kc`Knxb Amnvq `wi` K? Avgiv ejjvg:
Avgvì ga hvi Kvbv A_-m` bB mB Kc`Knxb `wi`| wZwb ejjb: mwZKvii Kc`Knxb `wi` Avgvi DvZi
m ew h, wKqvgZi w`b mvjvZ, wmqvg, hvKvZ, BZvw` bKKg wbq nvwRi ne| wK m KvDK Mvwj w`qQ, KvDK Acev`
w`qQ, Kviv m` ev A_ Aeafve MnY KiQ, KvDK AvNvZ KiQ, Kviv icvZ KiQ| ZLb Zvi mKj bKKg
GìK Ìqv ne| hw` nK Av`vqi c~eB bKKg kl nq hvq, Zvnj D ewì cvc Zvi Kuva Pvwcq Ìqv ne,
Gici ZvK Rvnvbvg wbc Kiv ne|3 Avjvn AvgvìK iv Kib|
1. 15. 3. bvqi Av`k I Abvqi wbla
`yAv Keyji AviKwU c~ek Z mvagZ mgvRi gvbylìK mrKvR Av`k Kiv I Abvq _K wbla Kiv| wewfb
nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, hLb Kvbv gymwjg mgvRi gvbyl G Bev`Z cwiZvM Kie ZLb Avjvn m mgvRi Lvivc
gvbylìK mgvRi KYavi evwbq èb Ges fvj I bKKvi gvbylì `yAvI Keyj Kieb bv| GKwU nv`xm hvBdv
Bebyj Bqvgvb (iv) ejb, bexq AvKivg ejQb:

hvi nvZ Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi kc_ Ki ejwQ, Zvgiv AekB fvjKvR gvbylìK wb`k c`vb Kie Ges AekB
Abvq _K gvbylìK wbla Kie| hw` Zv bv Ki Zvnj Avjvn Zvgvì Dci Zuvi c _K kvw ciY Kieb| Gici
Contents

Zvgiv Zuvi wbKU cv_bv KijI wZwb Zv Keyj Kieb bv| nv`xmwU nvmvb|1
G A_ Avqkv (iv), Avey ivBiv (iv) I Abvb mvnvex _K KqKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ|2
60
1. 15. 4. `yAvi KwZcq gvmb~b wbqg I Avè

1. 15. 4. 1. mybv Zi AbymiY
mybvZi iZ I weÀvZi fqvenZv mK wevwiZ AvjvPbv KiwQ Gn&BqvDm mybvb M| Avgiv `LwQ h,
mybvZ Abymvi mvgvb Bev`Z weÀvZ wgwkZ AbK Bev`Zi Pq Dg| mybvZi evBi ev mybvZi AwZwi Kvbv Bev`Z
Avjvn Keyj Kieb bv, Bev`ZKvix hZ BLjvm I AveMmn Zv cvjb Kib bv Kb| whK&i, `yAv BZvwÌ GB mvaviY
weavbi Af
y | Avi mybvZi AbymiY `yAv Keyj nIqvi wekl KviY| Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejb:
.c
om
Kvbv eq gymwjg hw` mrKgkxj Ges mybv Zi KVvi Abymvix nb Zvnj wZwb Kvbv wKQy Avjvni KvQ PvBj Avjvn
Zuvi cvw_Z e bv w`Z jv cvb| nv`xmwUi mb` gvUvgywU MnYhvM|3
1. 15. 4. 2. me`v `yAv Kiv
gvbe cKwZi GKwU wekl w`K Avbì mgq AvjvnK fyj _vKv wK wec` coj ewk ewk `yAv Kiv|
wbtm`n G AvPiY gnvb cwZcvjKi cKZ `vmZi Abyf~wZi mv_ mvsNwlK| KziAvb wewfb vb G ^fvei wb`v Kiv
nqQ| GK vb Avjvn ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
hLb Avwg gvbylK wbqvgZ c`vb Kwi ZLb m gyL wdwiq bq I `~i mi hvq| Avi hLb Kvbv Agj ev K
ZvK k Ki ZLb m j^v PIov `yAv Ki|4
gywgbi DwPZ mKj Aevq Avjvni KvQ cv_bv Kiv| wbqvgZi ga _vKj Zvi vwqZ cv_bv Kiv I mKj AKjvY
_K Avjvni KvQ Avkq PvIqv| Kvbv Amyweav _vKj Zvi KvQ Avkq I gyw PvIqv| G gywgbi Pwi| gywgbi Ai Gfve
kvw cvq| Avi Gic Aii `yAvB Avjvn Keyj Kib| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb:
.a
ss
h ew Pvq h KwVb wec` I hYv-`y`kvi mgq Avjvn Zvi cv_bvq mvov wèb, m hb myLkvwi I mQjZvi
mgq ewk ewk Avjvni KvQ `yAv Ki| nv`xmwU mnxn|5
1. 15. 4. 3. ewk Ki PvIqv
`ywbqv I AvLivZi mewKQyB Avjvni KvQ PvBZ ne Ges ewk Ki PvBZ ne| Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn
() ejQb :
w
w
Zvgvì KD hLb Kvgbv ev cv_bv Kie ZLb m hb ewk Ki Pvq; KviY m Zv Zvi gvwjKi KvQ PvQ
(KvRB, Kg PvBe Kb, wZwb Zv AcviM bb KcYI bb)| nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn| 6
1. 15. 4. 4. ayB gj Kvgbv
AbK mgq Avgiv AveM, weiw, ivM, K BZvwì KviY gb gb wbRi ev Abi wZKi Kvbv wKQy Kvgbv
Kwi| welqwU LyeB Abvq| AiK wbqwZ Kib| me`v KjvYgq welq Kvgbv Kib| K ev ivMi KviY AKjvYRbK wKQy
Kvgbv bv Ki Ggb KjvYgq wKQy Kvgbv Kib hv K, e`bv ev ivMi KviY wPiZi `~ix Kie|
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn () ejQb :

hLb Zvgvì KD Kvgbv ev cv_bv Ki ZLb m hb wK PvQ Zv fvj Ki wPv Ki `L; KviY Zvi Kvb&
Kvgbv Avjvni ìevi Keyj nq hvQ Zv m Rvb bv| (Ggb wKQy hb KD Kvgbv ev cv_bv bv Ki hvi Rb ci Avdmvm
Contents
61
KiZ nq)| nv`xmwU mnxn|

Ab nv`xm Dy mvjvgvn (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :

ejb|
Zvgiv wbRì Dci KLbv fvj Qvov Lvivc `yAv Kie bv; KviY wdwikZvMY Zvgvì `yAvi mv_ Avgxb
AviK nv`xm Rvwei (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
om
Zvgiv KLbv wbRì ev Zvgvì mvbì ev Zvgvì gvjmì Agj ev wZ Pq e``yAv Kie bv|
KviY, nqZ Ggb nZ cvi h, h mgq Zvgiv e``yAv Kij, m mgqwU Ggb mgq hLb Avjvn ev`vi mKj cv_bv Keyj
Kib Ges h hv Pvq ZvK Zv c`vb Kib| Gfve Zvgvì e``yAvI wZwb Keyj Ki beb|3
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
1. 15. 4. 5. djvdji Rb e bv nIqv

`yAvi dj jvf e nIqv gvbexq cKw Zi GKwU wZKviK w`K| weklZ wec`, mgmvq ev `ywvq Avv nq Avgiv
hLb `yAv Kwi ZLb ZrYvr dj Avkv Kwi| `yPvi w`b `yAv Ki dj bv cj Avgiv nZvk nq `yAv Kiv Qo w`| G nZvkv I
eZv wZ I Mvbvni KviY| KLbvB Avjvni ingZ _K wbivk nIqv hve bv| Avgvì eySZ ne h, `yAv Kiv GKwU Bev`Z
I Acwigq mvIqvei KvR| Avwg hZ `yAv Kie ZZB jvfevb ne| Avgvi mvIqve ew cve, Avjvni mv_ Avgvi GKv ingZi
mK Zwi ne| mevcwi Avjvn Avgvi `yAv Keyj KiebB| Ze wZwbB fvj Rvbb wKfve dj w`j Avgvi ewk jvf ne|
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn () ejQb :
ev`v hZY cvc ev AvZxqZvi wZKviK Kvbv wKQy cv_bv bv Ki ZZY Zvi `yAv Keyj Kiv nq, hw` bv m
e nq co| ejv njv : Bqv ivm~jvjvn, eZv wKic? wZwb ejb : cv_bvKvix ejZ _vK `yAv Zv Kijvg, `yAv
Zv Kijvg ; gb nq Avgvi `yAv Keyj njv bv| Gfve m nZvk nq co Ges ZLb `yAv Kiv Qo `q|4
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb :
ss
ev`v hZY bv e I Awi nq co ZZY m KjvYi ga _vK| mvnvexMY ck Kib: e nIqv wKic? wZwb
ejb: m ej Avwg Zv `yAv Kijvg wK `yAv Keyj njv bv| nv`xmwU nvmvb|5
w
w
.a
1. 15. 4. 6. gbvhvM I Keyji `p Avkv

Avgiv BZc~e `LwQ h, ev`v hfve Zvi cfyi cwZ aviYv cvlY Kie, ZuvK wVK mfveB cve| KvRB cZK
gywgbi Dci `vwqZ, Avjvni ingZ, gv I fvjevmvi cwZ `p cZq ivLv| Avjvn AvgvK fvjevmb, wZwb AvgvK gv
Kieb Ges wZwb AvgvK AekB mvnvh Kieb| G `p cZq gywgbi AbZg m^j I gnvg m`|
cv_bvi I G cZq ivLZ ne| Aii Mfxi _K gbi AvKzwZ I mgcY wgwkq wbRi mewKQy Avjvni KvQ
PvBZ ne| mv_ mv_ my`p cZq ivLZ ne, Avjvn AekB Avgvi cv_bv beb|
Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
n gvbyliv, Zvgiv hLb Avjvni KvQ PvBe, ZLb Keyj nIqvi `p wekvm wbq PvBe; KviY Kvbv ev`v
AgbvhvMx Ai `yAv Kij Avjvn Zvi `yAv Keyj Kib bv| nv`xmwU nvmvb|6
Ab nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
Contents
62
Zvgiv Avjvni KvQ `yAv Kivi mgq `pfve (GKxb) wekvm ivLe h, Avjvn wbq Keyj Kieb| Avi Rb ivL,
Avjvn Kvbv AgbvhvMx ev Ab evR wPvq iZ gbi cv_bv Keyj Kib bv|1
1. 15. 4. 7. wbRi Rb wbR `yAv Kiv
AbK wbRi Rb wbR Avjvni ìevi `yAv PvIqvi Pq Ab Kvbv eyRyMi KvQ `yAv PvIqvKB ewk DcKvix ej
gb Kib| wcZvgvZv, Dv`, Avwjg ev bKKvi Kvbv RxweZ gvbyli KvQ `yAv PvIqv Rvqh| Ze wbRi `yAv wbR KivB
mevg| Avgiv AbK mgq gb Kwi, Avgiv MvbvnMvi, Avgvì `yAv wK Avjvn beb? Avmj MvbvnMvii `yAvB Zv wZwb
bb| Avgvi gbi e`bv, AvKzwZ Avwg wbR Avgvi cggq gvwjKi wbKU hfve RvbvZ cvie mfve wK Ab KD Zv cvieb|
GQvov G `yAv Avgvi Rb mvIqve eq Avbe Ges AvgvK Avjvni cg I KiYvi c_ GwMq wbq hve| Avqkv (iv) ejb: Avwg
ck Kijvg, n Avjvni ivm~j, mevg `yAv wK? wZwb Di ejb :
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
gvbyli wbRi Rb wbRi `yAv|2

1. 15. 4. 8. Abi Rb `yAvi iZ wbRi Rb `yAv
gywgb me`v wbRi Rb Avjvni KvQ `yAv Kieb| Ab Kviv Rb `yAv Kij ZLb m myhvM wbRi Rb `yAv
Kiv DwPZ| hgb, Kviv ivMgywi Rb `yAv KiZ nj ejv DwPZ : Avjvn AvgvK myZ
v `vb Kib Ges ZuvKI myZv `vb
Kib| A_ev, KD ejjb : Avgiv Rb `yAv Kib| ZLb ejv DwPZ : Avjvn Avgvi KjvY Kib I Avcbvi KjvY
Kib| ivm~jjy vn -Gi mybvZ Kviv Rb `yAv Kij c_g wbRi Rb `yAv Kiv| Avey AvBDe Avbmvix (iv) ejb:
bex hLb `yAv KiZb ZLb wbRK w`q i KiZb|3

Kvbv bexi K_v DjL Kij wZwb c_g wbRi Rb `yAv Ki Gici mB bexi Rb `yAv KiZb| ejZb :
..
w
w
.a
ss
Avgvì Dci Avjvni ingZ Ges Avgvì AgyK fvBqi Dci| hgb, ejZb: Avgvì Dci Avjvni ingZ Ges
g~mvi Dci|4
1. 15. 4. 9. AbycwZì Rb `yAv Kiv
cZK gywgbi DwPZ, Avjvni KvQ `yAv Kivi mgq ay wbRi Rb `yAv bv Ki Abvb gymwjg fvBevbi RbI `yAv
Kiv| wekl Ki hvìK wZwb Avjvni Rb gneZ Kib, hviv Kvbv mgmv ev wec` AvQ ej wZwb Rvbb ev hviv Zvi KvQ
`yAv PqQb| mKj weki wbhvwZZ gymwjg RbMvxi Rb `yAv Kiv cqvRb| Kviv AbycwwZZ Zvi Rb `yAv Kij D
`yAv Avjvn Keyj Kieb Ges cv_bvKvixKI D wbqvgZ `vb Kieb ej wewfb mnxn nv`xm ejv nqQ|
Zveqx mvdIqvb Beby Avyjv n ejb, Avwg wmwiqvq wMq (Avgvi ki) Avey `vi`vi (iv) evmvq `Lv KiZ Mjvg|
wZwb evmvq wQjb bv| (Avgvi kvwo) Dy `vi`v AvgvK ejjb: Zzwg wK G eQi nR KiZ hvQ? Avwg ejjvg: nuv| wZwb
ejjb: Zvnj Avgvì Rb `yAv Kie| GK_v ej wZwb ejb, Avey `vi`v (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :

Kvbv gymwjg hLb Zvi Kvbv AbycwZ fvBqi Rb `yAv Ki ZLb Avjvn Zvi cv_bv Keyj Kib| Zvi gv_vi
KvQ GKRb wdwikZv wbqvwRZ _vKb| hLbB m gymwjg Zvi AbycwZ fvBqi Rb Kvbv KjvY ev gj Pvq, ZLbB
wdwikZv ejb: Avgxb, Ges Avcbvi RbI Abyic (Avjvn AvcbvKI cvw_Z welqi Abyic `vb Kib)|5
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb :

hLb Kvbv gvbyl hLb Zvi Kvbv AbycwZ fvBqi Rb `yAv Ki, ZLb wdwikZvMY ejb: Avgxb, Ges Avcbvi
Contents
63
RbI Abic|
ivm~jyjvn wbhvwZZ gymjwgì Rb gvS gvS dRi, gvMwie ev Ab mvjvZi kl ivKvZi iKzi ci `yAv KiZb| Avey
ivBiv (iv) ejb :
om
ivm~jyjvn hLb iKz _K gv_v DVvZb ZLb mvwgqvjv wjgvb nvwg`vn, ivevbv Iqv jvKvj nvg` ej bvg DjL
Ki Ki AbKi Rb `yAv KiZb| wZwb ejZb : Avjvn, Avcwb Ijx` Bebyj Ijx`, mvjvgvn Beby wnkvg, AvBqvk Beby Avex
ivexAvn Ges `yej gywgbìK iv Kib| n Avjvn Avcwb gy`vi MvK KwVbfve cvKovI Kib Ges BDm~d (Av)-Gi `ywfi
bvq `ywfi ga wbcwZZ Kib|2
eyLvix-gymwjgi G eYbvi wecixZ Ab eYbv wbic :
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
ivm~jyjvn mvjvZi mvjvg divbvi ci wKejvgyLx emv Aevq gv_v DwVq ejb: Avjvn mvjvgvn Beby wnkvg,
AvBqvk Beby Avex ivweqvn, Ijx` Beby Ijx` I `yej gymjgvbìK iv Kib, hviv _K ewiq Pj Avmvi Kvbv c_ cvQ
bv| G eYbvi welq nvBmvgx ejb: ivex Beby RvÀvb weZwKZ| Abvb ivex wbfihvM|3
1. 15. 4. 10. Avjvni bvg I Bmg Avhgi Imxjvq `yAv

gywgbi DwPZ h Kvbv `yAvi AvM ewk ewk Ki Avjvni cksmv I nvg`-mvbv Kiv, gnvb Avjvni cwe bvgmg~n
ai ZuvK WK Ges Zuvi cwe bvg I Yvewji Imxjv w`q `yAv Kiv| G welq AbK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| `y Avi AvM
Gfve nvg` mvbv I Avjvni gnvb bvgmg~n ai `yAv Kij GKw`K hgb gb Avjvni cwZ AveM, fvjevmv Avm, Zgwb
`yAvZ AvwiKZv mw nq| Gfve `yAv Kij `yAv Keyj ne ej wewfb nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| gnvb Avjvn ejb:
ss
Ges Avjvni AvQ myìZg bvgmg~n ; KvRB Zvgiv ZuvK m mKj bvg WvKe| hviv Zuvi bvg weKZ Ki
ZvìK eRb Kie| Zvì KZKgi dj kxNB ZvìK c`vb Kiv ne|4
mnxn eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg I Abvb nv`xm M msKwjZ nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
w
w
.a
Avjvni 99wU bvg AvQ, 100-i GKwU Kg, h G bvgjvi wnmve ivLe (gyL ivLe) m RvbvZ cek Kie|5
G nv`xm bvgjvi weeiY Ìqv nqwb| 99 wU bvg m^wjZ GKwU nv`xm Bgvg wZiwghx I Abvb gynvwm msKjb
KiQb|6 wK AwaKvsk gynvwm D weeiYK hqxd ejQb| Bgvg wZiwghx wbRB nv`xmwU msKjb Ki Zvi mbì `yejZvi
welq AvjvPbv KiQb| Kvbv Kvbv gynvwm ejb, 99 wU bvgi ZvwjKv ivm~jyjv n () ev Avey ivBiv (iv) _K ewYZ bq|
cieZx ivex Gjv KziAvbi AvjvK wewfb Avwjgi gyL _K msKwjZ Ki nv`xmi ga DjL KiQb| KziAvb DjwLZ
AbK bvgB G ZvwjKvq bB| KziAvb gnvb AvjvnK mePq ewk WvKv nqQ ive bvg| G bvgwUI G ZvwjKvq bB|7 KD
KD wZiwghx msKwjZ ZvwjKvwUK MnYhvM ej gb KiQb|8
ivm~jjy vn () 99wU bvg wnmve ivLZ wb`kbv w`jb wK bvgwji wbavwiZ ZvwjKv w`jb bv Kb? G cki Di
AvwjgMY ejb h, wKQy wKQy iZc~Y welq AvswkK Mvcb ivLv nq, gywgbi Kgvxcbv ewi Rb| hgb, jvBjvZzj Kì,
RygAvi w`bi `yAv Keyji mgq, BZvw`| Abyicfve bvgi wbavwiZ ZvwjKv bv ej Avjvni bvg msiY Kivi wb`kbv
Ìqv nqQ, hb ev`v AvMni mv_ KziAvb Avjvni hZ bvg AvQ meB cvV Ki, msiY Ki Ges mmKj bvg AvjvnK
Contents

WvKZ _vK I mwji Imxjv w`q Avjvni KvQ `yAv Ki|1
64
whK&i bs 19: Avjvni bvgi Imxjvi `yAv
(
)

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: Avjv-v Bbx Ave`yKv, Iqv Beby Avew`Kv Iqveby AvgvwZKv, bv-wmqvwZ weBqvw`Kv, gv-w`b wdBqv KgyKv,
Av`jyb wdBqv Kv`vDKv, AvmAvjyKv weKzwj Bmwgb Av jvKv, mvvBZv wenx bvdmvKv, AvD AvbhvjZv dx wKZv-weKv, AvD
AvjvgZv Avnv`vg wgb LvjwKKv, AvD BmZv-mviZv wenx dx Bjwgj MvBwe Bb`vKv Avb ZvRAvjvj KziAv-bv ivexAv
Kvjex, Iqv b~iv evmvix [Abvb eYbvq: b~iv evmvixi cwieZ: b~iv mvìx], Iqv Rvjv-Av hbx, Iqv hvnv-ev nvx|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi ev`v, Avcbvi (GKRb) ev`vi cy, (GKRb) ev`xi cy| Avgvi Kcvj Avcbvi
nvZ| Avgvi welq Avcbvi wmv KvhKi| Avgvi welq Avcbvi weavb bvqvbyM| Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cv_bv KiwQ Avcbvi
mKj bvg ai ev bvgi Imxjv w`q, h bvg Avcwb wbRK f~wlZ KiQb, A_ev h bvg Avcwb Avcbvi wKZve bvwhj
KiQb, A_ev h bvg Avcwb Avcbvi Kvbv mwK wkwLqQb, A_ev h bvg Avcwb MvBex vb Avcbvi GKv wbRi KvQ
iL w`qQb (mKj bvgi Imxjvq Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvwQ h,) Avcwb KziAvb KvixgK Avgvi Aii em, PvLi Avjv
(Abvb eYbvq: `qi Avjv), e`bvi AcmviY I `ywvi AcmviY evwbq w`b| (KziAvbi Imxjvq AvgvK Gjv `vb
Kib)|
Avyjv n Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb:
:
...
:
.a
ss
h Kvbv ew hw` KLbv `ywv I DrKvM Aevq ev `ytL e`bvi ga wbcwZZ nq Dcii evKwj ej
`yAv Ki, Zvnj AekB Avjvn Zvi `ywv I DrKv `~i KiebB Ges Zvi e`bvK Avb` icvwiZ KiebB| DcwZ
mvnvexMY ejb : Zvnj Avgvì DwPZ G evKjv wkv Kiv| wZwb ejjb : nuv, AekB, h Gjv be Zvi DwPZ
Gjv wkv Kiv| nv`xmwUi mb` MnYhvM|2
we. `. gwnjviv G `yAv cvV Kij `yAvi iZ ejeb:
w
w
Avjv-v Bbx AvgvZzKv, Iqv webZz Avew`Kv Iqv webZz AvgvwZKv ..., A_vr: n Avjvn Avwg Avcbvi ev`x,
Avcbvi (GKRb) ev`vi Kbv, Avcbvi GK ev`xi Kbv ....|
wekl Ki Avjvni Bmg Avhg ev kZg bvg ai `yAv KiZ nv`xm Drmvn c`vb Kiv nqQ| wewfb nv`xm ejv
nqQ h, Avjvni Bmg Avhg -Gi Imxjvq Avjvni wbKU `yAv Kij Avjvn `yAv Keyj Kieb| wK Bmg Avhg Kx m
welq GKvwaK mnxn I hqxd iIqvqZ iqQ| GLvb KqKwU mnxn nv`xm G welq DjL KiwQ :
whK&i bs 20 : gnvb Avjvni Bmgy Avhg-1
DPviY: Avjv-v Bbx AvmAvj~Kv weAvbx Avknv`y AvbvKv AvbZvjjv-, jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- AvbZvj Avnv`ym mvgv`yj
jvhx jvg Bqvwj`, Iqv jvg BDjv`, Iqv jvg BqvKzj jv KzdzAvb Avnv`|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi wbKU GB ej cv_bv KiwQ h, Avwg mv c`vb KiwQ, AvcwbB Avjvn, Avcwb Qvov
Kvbv gvey` bB| AvcwbB GKK, AgyLvcx, whwb Rb`vb Kibwb I RbMnY Kibwb Ges Zuvi mgZzj KD bB|
eyivB`vn (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn `Lb h, GK ew mvjvZiZ Aevq `yAvq Dcii K_vjv ejQ| ZLb wZwb
Contents
ejb :
65
hvi nvZ Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi kc_, wbq G ew Avjvni KvQ Zuvi Bmgy Avhg ai cv_bv KiQ, h bvg ai
WvKj wZwb mvov `b Ges h bvg ai PvBj wZwb c`vb Kib| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
whK&i bs 21: gnvb Avjvni Bmgy Avhg-2

( )

om
DPviY : Avjv-v, Bbx AvmAvjyKv weAvbv jvKvj nvg`v, jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- AvbZv, [Avj-gvbvby], [Bqv-] ev`xAvm
mvgvIqv-wZ Iqvj Aviw`, Bqv- hvj Rvjv-wj Iqvj BKiv-g, Bqv- nvBD Bqv- KvBEg|
A_: n Avjvn wbq Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cv_bv KiwQ (GB ej) h, mKj cksmv Avcbvi, Avcwb Qvov Kvbv
gvey` bB, n gnv`vZv, n Avmgvbmg~n I cw_exi DveK, n gn I mvbi gvwjK, n wPixe, n meKZZg q
AwffveK|
.c
Avbvm (iv) ejb, Avgiv ivm~jjy vn -Gi mv_ evKvi em wQjvg| G mgq GK ew mvjvZ Av`vq KiwQj| m
mvjvZi Zvkvnì ci `yAvi ga Dcii K_vjv ejj| ZLb ivm~jyjvn () ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
wbq m Avjvni KvQ Zuvi Bmg Avhg ai `yAv KiQ, h bvg WvKj wZwb mvov `b Ges h bvg PvBj wZwb
c`vb Kib| nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn|2
whK&i bs 22 : Bmgy Avhg-3, `yAv BDb~m
DPviY: jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- AvbZv myenv-bvKv Bbx KzbZz wgbvh hv-wjgxb
A_: Avcwb Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB, Avcbvi cweZv NvlYv KiwQ, wbq Avwg AZvPvixì Afy|
mv` Beby gvwjK (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb, BDb~m (Av) h K_v ej `yAv KiwQjb mwU Avjvni Bmgy Avhvg,
hv w`q WvKj Avjvn mvov `b Ges hviv PvBj Avjvn c`vb Kib| nv`xmwUi mb` `yej|3 Ze Ab nv`xm mv` Beby Avex
Iqvvm ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:
.a
ss

...

w
w
hybyb (BDb~m Av) gvQi cU h `yAv KiwQjb: (jv Bjvnv Bjv AvbZv ... hvwjgxb)- G `yAv viv h Kvbv
gymwjg h Kvbv welq `yAv Kie, Avjvn AekB Zvi `yAv Keyj Kieb| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
Avjvni bvgi Imxjv w`q `yAv PvIqv welq AMwYZ nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| GQvov gywgb Zuvi bK Kg BZvwì Imxjv
w`q Avjvni KvQ `yAv PvBZ cvi ej 2/1 wU nv`xm _K Avgiv RvbZ cvwi| hgb, n Avjvn, Avwg MvbvnMvi, Avwg
AgyK KgwU Avcbvi mwi Rb KiwQjvg, m Imxjvq Avgvi cv_bv Keyj Kib| n Avjvn, Avwg MvbvnMvi, Avgvi Kvbv
DjLhvM bK Avgj bB h, Zvi Imxjv w`q Avwg Avcbvi cwe ìevi `yAv PvBe| aygv Avcbvi nvexe bexq gymZvdv
-Gi mvgvb gneZ `q aviY KiwQ, G gneZUzKiz Imxjvq Avgvi `yAv Keyj Kib| n Avjvn, Avgvi wKQyB bB,
aygv Avcbvi bexq AvKivg -Gi mybv Zi gneZUzKz `q AvQ, mB Imxjvq AvgvK gv Kib, Avgvi `yAv Keyj
Kib| n Avjvn, Avwg wKQyB Avgj KiZ cvwiwb, Ze Avcbvi c_ AMmi I AvgjKvix bKKvi ev`vìK AvcbviB
Iqv gneZ Kwi, Zvì c_ PjZ PvB, Avcwb mB Imxjvq Avgvi `yAv Keyj Kib ...| BZvw`|
1. 15. 4. 11. `yAvi iZ I kl ì` cvV
`yAv Keyji AbZg Imxjv `yAvi c~e ivm~jyjvn -Gi Dci ì` cvV Kiv| Avgiv G welq wKQy ci AvjvPbv
Contents
66
Kie; Bb&kv Avjvn|

1. 15. 4. 12. Bqv hvj Rvjvwj Iqvj BKivg ejv
whK&i bs 23

DPviY: Bqv hvj Rvjv-wj Iqvj BKiv-g|
A_: n ghv`v I D`viZvi AwaKvix
Avjvni bvg wbq `yAvi wekl GKwU bvg hyj Rvjvwj Iqvj BKivg| `yAvi ga G bvg ewk ewk ejZ
ivm~jjy vn wb`k w`qQb| ivexqv Beby Avgi (iv) ejb , ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Zvgiv Bqv hvj Rvjvwj Iqvj BKivg-K me`v AuvKo ai _vKe (`yAvq ewk ewk eje)|1
1. 15. 4. 13. gybvRvZ kl wbw` evK me`v ejv
G nv`xm _K `yAvi ga ev kl Bqv hvj Rvjvwj Iqvj BKivg ejvi dhxjZ RvbZ cviwQ| GRb AbK me`v
`yAv ev gybvRvZi kl Bqv hvj Rvjvwj Iqvj BKivg ejb|
G evK viv gybvRvZ kl Kiv fvj I dhxjZi KvR| Ze Avjv AvbZvm mvjvg ... Qvov Ab mKj `yAv I
gybvRvZi kl me`v Bqv hvj Rvjvwj Iqvj BKivg evKwU ejv DwPZ ne bv| KviY ivm~jyjv n I Zuvi mvnvexMY me`v G evK
w`q `yAv kl KiZb bv| mybvZi wb`k Qvov Kvbv wKQyK me`v KiYxq-ixwZ wnme MnY Kiv DwPZ bq| AbK me`v Avjnvg`y wjjvwn ivwej Avjvgxb ej `yAv kl Kib| nv`xm kixd ewYZ nqQ, Avj-nvg`y wjjvn mevg `yAv| GQvov KziAvb
Kixg RvbvZi AwaevmxMYi mK ejv nqQ h, Zuvì kl `yAv Avj-nvg`y wjjvn| G mKj AvqvZ I nv`xmi AvjvK
`yAvi ga I kl Avj-nvg`y wjjvn ev Avj-nvg`y wjjvwn ivwej Avjvgxb ejv fvj I dhxjZi| Ze me`v ejv DwPZ bq|
KviY, ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMY me`v Gfve mKj `yAv ev gybvRvZ G evK viv kl Kibwb|
Avgiv Gn&BqvDm mybvb M AvjvPbv KiwQ h, ivm~jyjv n hv AwaKvsk mgq KiQb ZvI memgq KiZ
wbla KiQb Bgvg Avey nvbxdvmn mvnvex-Zveqx hyMi Bgvg I dKxnMY (ivn)| KviY, GZ Ljvd mybvZ ne Ges gvS
gvS hv KiQb m mybvZ ev` Ìqv ne| GRb Avgvì DwPZ wewfb mgq wewfb gvmb~b evK, `yAv I gybvRvZ eenvi
Ki `yAv Kiv|
Avgvì `k AZ cPwjZ Afvm `yAvi kl Kvjgvn ZvBqevn jv- Bjvnv Bjvjv gynvv`yi ivm~jyjv n ej
`yAv ev gybvRvZ kl Kiv| Kvjgvn ZvBqevn Avgvì Cgvbi wfw| jv- Bjvnv Bjvjv mek whK&i| Ze `yAvi
kl G Kvjgvn cvVi Kvbv wfw ivm~jyjvn ev Zuvi mvnvexMYi wkv ev Kgi ga A_vr mybvZ beex ev mybv Z
mvnvevi ga bB| `yAv ev gybvRvZi kl ev Ab Kvbv mgq Gjv cvV Kiv KLbB bv-Rvqh bq| wK mybvZi evBi
Kvbv wKQyK ixwZ wnme MnY Kiv DwPZ bq| KLb Kvb& Kvjgv, whK&i I `yAv coZ ne ZviI mybvZ iqQ| mvaviY
dhxjZ welqK nv`xmi Dci wbfi Ki Kvbv wbqwgZ Bev`Z ev ixwZ Zwi Kij Zv mybvZ Aenjv Kivi gZv Aevq wbq hZ
cvi|
w
w
ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMY AvRxeb AZ iZ mnKvi me`v `yAv I gybvRvZ KiQb| Zuvì `yAv ev gybvRvZi
mKj LuywUbvwU k, evK, mgq, Aev BZvw` Avgiv RvbZ cviwQ| Avgiv `LwQ h, wbqwgZ Zv `~ii K_v, KLbvB Zuviv Kvjgvn
ZvBqev w`q gybvRvZ kl Kibwb| Gi dhxjZI Kvbv nv`xm ewYZ nqwb| Kvjgvn ZvBqev-i dhxjZ Zuvì Pq ewk
KD RvbZ bv| gybvRvZi iZI Zuvì Pq KD ewk `bwb| Zv mI Zuviv Gfve gybvRvZ Kibwb| Avgvì DwPZ Zuvì
mybv Zi ga _vKv|
Zvweqx Avgvk (148 wn) ejb, cwm Zvweqx Beivnxg bvLqxK (96wn) wRvmv Kiv njv, Bgvg hw` mvjvZi mvjvg
divbvi ci ej:
Avjvni mvjvZ gynvvì Dci, Avjvn Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB| Ze Zvi weavb wK ? wZwb ejb :
Gì c~ee ZxMY (bex I mvnvexMY) Gfve ejZb bv|2

myenvbvjvn! gywgbi Rxebi kZg `ywU whK&i jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjvn I mvjvZ cvV| G `ywU whK&ii dhxjZi welq
Beivnxg bvLqx I mKj Zveqx GKgZ| wK mvjZi mvjvgi ci Zv ejZ Zvì Avcw| KviY mybvZi evBi Kvbv ixwZ ev
Contents

KvR Zuvì AvMn wQj bv| Zuvì GKgv Av`k ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMY| hnZz Zuviv mvjvgi ci G whK&i
`ywU Gfve ejZb bv GRb wZwb GZ Avcw KiQb|
67
1. 15. 4. 14. `yAv Keyji Aevjvi cwZ j ivLv

h mKj Aevq `yAv Kij Avjvn Keyj Kieb ej ewYZ nqQ m mKj Aevq ewk ewk `yAv Kiv DwPZ| hgb,
mdi, nR, wmqvg, BdZvi BZvw` Aevi `yAv| bvqcivqY ckvmK, gvRjyg, gymvwdi, wcZv-gvZv, cgyLi `yAv Keyj ne ej
wewfb nv`xm DjL Kiv nqQ|1
1. 15. 4. 15. evievi PvIqv ev wZbevi PvIqv
`yAvi GKwU gvmb~b Avè Avjvni KvQ Kvbv wKQy PvBj AbKUv bvQvoev`v KiYvcv_xi gZvB GKB mgq
evievi PvIqv, weklZ wZbevi PvIqv| Avyjvn Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
bexRx () hLb `yAv KiZb ZLb wZbevi `yAv KiZb Ges wZwb hLb PvBZb ev cv_bv KiZb ZLb 3 evi
KiZb|2
1. 15. 4. 16. `yAvi mgq wKejvgyLx nIqv
Ihy ev Ihynxb Aevq, h Kvbv w`K gyL Ki ev ùvovbv, emv ev kvqv Aevq gywgb whK&i I `yAv KiZ cvib| Ze
wKejvi w`K gyL Ki `vIqv Kiv Dg, weklZ hLb weklfve AvMn mnKvi `yAv Kiv nq| nv`xm wKejvgyLx nq `yAv Kivi
dhxjZ ewYZ nqQ Ges wewfb mgq `yAvi Rb ivm~jjy v n wKejvgyLx nqQb ej nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| ewi Rb `yAvi
mgq, hyi gq`vbi Avjvni mvnvhi Rb `yAvi mgq, Avivdv, gyhv`vwjdv I Abvb vb `yAvi mgq, wekl AveM I e`bvi
mgq, KLbv KLbv Kvbv Kvbv mvnvexi Rb `yAv Kivi mgq ivm~jyjv n Ab Aev _K Nyi weklfve wKejvgyLx nq `yAv
KiQb|3
GQvov mvaviYfve mevevq wKejvgyLx nq emvi Rb nv`xm Drmvn c`vb Kiv nqQ| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejQb,
ivm~jjy vn ejb:
cZK welqi mvBq` ev bZv AvQ| emvi bZv wKejvgyLx nq emv| nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb|4
w
w
.a
ss
G mKj nv`xmi AvjvK hvwKii Rb me nj whK&i I `yAvi Rb wKejvgyLx nIqv Dg| Ze h Kvbv
dhxjZi nv`xm cvjbi ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMY wKfve Zv cvjb KiQb Zv j ivLZ ne| dhxjZi
nv`xmi Dci wfw Ki wbRì gbgZ Avgj ev ixwZ Zwi Ki wbj weÀvZ wbcwZZ nIqvi mvebv _vK|
`yAvi Abvb Avè I wKejvgyLx nq `yAvi I welqwU AZ cqvRbxq| wKejvgyLx nq `yAv Kiv Dg njI
ivm~jjy vn me`v `yAvi mgq wKejvgyLx nZb bv| AbK mgq h Aevq iqQb H Aevq `yAv KiZb| AbK mgq
wZwb BQvc~eK wKejv _K gyL wdwiq `yAv KiQb| G_K Avgiv KqKwU welq eySZ cvwi: c_gZ, h mKj `yAvi
ivm~jyjv n wKejvgyLx nq `yAv KiQb, m mgq wKejvgyLx nq `yAv Kiv mybvZ| wZxqZ, h mgq BQvc~eK wKejv
_K Nyi `yAv KiQb, m mgq Nyi `yAv mybvZ| Ab mgq wKejvgyLx nIqv Dg, wK gyvnve chvqi Dg|
ivm~jyjvn mvjvZi mvjvg divbvi ci wKejv _K Nyi ev wKejvi w`K wcQb wdi whK&i I `yAv KiZb| GRb
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (in) mvjvg divbiv ci Bgvgi wKejvgyLx nq em _vKv ev `yAv Kiv gvKin ejQb|5 nvbvdx gvhnvei
AbZg dKxn Avjvgv mvivLmx wjLQb: hwÌ wKejvgyLx nq emv kZg emv ev mKj eVKi bZv, wK mvjvZi mvjvg
dibvi ci wKejvgyLx nq emv Bgvgi Rb gvKin, KviY mvnvex-ZveqxMY _K ewYZ nqQ h, Bgvgi Rb mvjvZi mvjvg
divbvi ci wKejvgyLx nq em _vKv weÀvZ|6
1. 15. 4. 17. `yAvi mgq nvZ DVvbv

Avgiv `LwQ h, gywgb em, q, ùvwoq ev h Kvbv Aevq `yAv KiZ cvib| Ze `yAvi GKwU wekl Avè `yB
nvZ eyK ch ev Aviv Dci I Aviv ewk GwMq w`q, nvZi Zvjy Dcii w`K ev gyLi w`K iL, Amnvq KiYvcv_xi bvq
KvKzwZ wgbwZi mv_ `yAv Kiv| `yAvi mgq nvZ DVvbvi welq AbK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| wKQz nv`xm nvZ DVvbvi dhxjZ
Contents
68
mwKZ| Ab nv`xm _K Avgiv RvbZ cvwi h, ivm~jyjv n I mvnvexMY KLbv KLbv `yAvi Rb nvZ
DVvZb|
BZvc~e GKwU nv`xm Avgiv `LwQ h, ivm~jyjvn ejQb, Kvbv ev`v nvZ Zzj `yAv Kij Avjvn m nvZ Lvwj
wdwiq w`Z Pvb bv| Ab nv`xm gvwjK Beby Bqvmvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb :
Zvgiv hLb Avjvni KvQ PvBe, ZLb nvZi cU ev wfZii w`K w`q PvBe, nvZi wcV w`q PvBe bv|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|1
mvjgvb dvwimx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
om
hLbB wKQy gvbyl Avjvni KvQ wKQy PvIqvi Rb Zvì nvZjvK DVve, ZLbB Avjvni Dci n ev wbavwiZ nq
hve h wZwb Zviv hv PqQ Zv Zvì nvZ c`vb Kieb|2
GQvov KqKwU nv`xm Avgiv `wL h, ivm~jyjv n I Zuvi mvnvexMY Kvbv Kvbv mgq `yAv KiZ `yB nvZ Zzj
`yAv KiZb|
Avqkv (iv) ejb :
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
ivm~jyjvn () Zuvi nq DwVq `yAv KiZb, GgbwK Avwg Zuvi (ewk ewk) nvZ DwVq `yAv KivZ Kv-wei
nq coZvg|3
Abyic wewfb nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, ewi Rb `yAvi mgq, AvivdvZi gvV `yAvi mgq, hyi gq`vb Avjvni
mvnvh PvIqvi mgq I Abvb Kvbv Kvbv mgq `yAvi Rb wZwb nvZ ZzjQb|4 Bgvg eyLvix Zuvi mnxn M BmwZmKv ev
ev ew cv_bv Aavq Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) _K Rygvi LyZevi mgq ewi Rb `yAv welqK GKwU nv`xm KqKwU cwiQ`
DjL KiQb| G nv`xm Avbvm (iv) ejb:
( )

( )

w
w
.a
ss
gif~wgi GK e`yCb evi ivm~jyjv n ()-Gi wbKU AvMgb Ki| ZLb wZwb ùvwoq LyZev w`wQjb| jvKwU ej:
n Avjvni ivm~j, (AbvewZ) RxeRjv asm nq hvQ, cwievi cwiRb I gvbyliv asm nq hvQ, KvRB Avcwb Avgvì
Rb Avjvni KvQ `yAv Kib, hb wZwb ew `b| ZLb ivm~jjy vn () Zuvi nq DwVq `yAv Kijb Ges gvbylivI Zuvi mv_
Zvì nvZjv Zzj `yAv Kij| Avbvm (iv) ejb, dj gmwR` _K eivbvi AvMB ew i nq Mj|5
Gfve Avgiv `yAvi mgq nq DVvbvi dhxjZ I mybvZ RvbZ cviwQ| GI Avgvì gb ivLZ ne h, G
dhxjZ cvjbi ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMYB c~YZ
g Av`k| Zuvì mybvZi AvjvKB Avgvì G dhxjZ cvjb
KiZ ne| ivm~jyjv n nvZ Zzj `yAv Kivi dhxjZ eYbv KiQb| G dhxjZ cvjbi Zuvi I Zuvi mvnvexMYi Kg
wQj KLbv KLbv nvZ Zzj `yAv Kiv Ges mvaviY nvZ bv Zzj aygv gyL `yAv Kiv| G _K Avgiv eySZ cvwi h,
nvZ DVvbv `yAvi Avè Ges GKv gyvnve chvqi mybv Z, A_vr cvjb Kij fvj, bv Kij Kvbv `vl bB| GK ewk
iZ w`j, nvZ bv DVvj wKQy Lvivc njv gb Kij Zv Ljvd mybvZ ne|
hLvb I h `yAvq ivm~jjy v n () nvZ DwVqQb ej Rvbv wMqQ mLvb nvZ DVvbv mybv Z| hLvb DVvbwb ej Rvbv
wMqQ mLvb nvZ bv DVvbv mybv Z| Pjvdiv, DVvemv, LvIqv`vIqv, gmwR` cek, gmwR` _K ei nIqv, Ihyi ci, LvIqvi
ci, Avhvbi ci, mvjvZi ci BZvw` `bw`b gvmb~b `yAvi nvZ bv Zzj ^vfvweK Aevq gyL `yAv KivB mybvZ| h
mKj `yAv gvmb~b, A_vr ivm~jyjvn ev Zuvi mvnvexMY h mKj `yAv ev h mKj mgq `yAv KiQb, A_P Zuviv nvZ DwVqQb
ej ewYZ bB, mmKj vb wbqwgZ nvZ DVbvK ixwZ evwbq bqv ev nvZ DVvbvK Dg gb Kiv AvgvìK weÀvZ wbcwZZ
Contents
69
Kie| evwK mKj nvZ DVvbv I bv DVvbv DfqB Rvqh| AveM, AvMn I wekl `yAvi mgq nvZ Zzj AvKzwZi
mv_ `yAv Kiv Dg|
DjL h, Avgiv me`v `yB nvZ Zzj cv_bv KivK gybvRvZ ej gb Kwi| gyL Kvbv `yAv cvV ev gyL gyL Avjvni
KvQ wKQy cv_bv KivK KLbB gybvRvZ ej gb Kwi bv| GwU GKeviB wfwnxb eis mZi wecixZ| Avgiv Dcii AvjvPbv
_K eySZ cvwi h, gybvRvZ A_ mKj cKvi whK&i, `yAv, cv_bv| nvZ DVvbv nvK ev bv nvK, q, em, ùvwoq, nuvUZ PjZ
ev h Kvbv mgq ev`v hLb Avjvni K_v iY Ki, ZuvK WvK, Zuvi KvQ wKQy Pvq ev GK K_vq Zuvi mv_ mvcb K_v ej
ZLb ev`v gybvRvZ iZ _vK| Zgwb nvZ DVvbv nvK ev bv nvK, q, em, ùvwoq ev h Kvbv Aevq ev`v hLb AvjvnK
WvK ev Zuvi KvQ wKQy Pvq m ZLb `yAvq iZ _vK| gybvRvZ I `yAv g~jZ GKB welq| Avi nvZ DVvbv, wKejvgyLx nIqv, emv,
BZvw` `yAv ev gybvRvZi wewfb Avè| Gjvmn ev Gjv ewZiK ev`v gybvRvZ iZ _vKeb|
om
1. 15. 4. 18. `yAvi kl gyLgj gvQv

`yAv ev gybvRvZi mgq nvZ DVvbvi welq hic AbKwj mnxn nv`xm cvIqv hvq, `yAv kl nvZ `ywU viv
gyLgj gvQvi welq Z`c Kvbv nv`xm cvIqv hvq bv| G welq `yB GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ AZ `yej mb`| GKwU
nv`xm ejv nqQ :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
`yAv kl nj Zvgiv nvZ `ywU w`q Zvgì gyL gyQe| nv`xmwU Avey `vD` msKwjZ Ki ejb : G nv`xmwU
KqKwU m~ ewYZ nqQ, mejvB AZ `yej I GKeviB APj| G mb`wUI `yej |1
Ab nv`xm Dgvi Beby Lvve (iv) _K ewYZ nqQ :
ss
ivm~jyjvn hLb `yAvq nq ZzjZb ZLb nq viv gyL bv gyQ Zv bvgvZb bv|2
ZZxq wnRixi cLvZ gynvwm Avey hyiAv (g. 264 wn) ejb: nv`xmwU gybKvi ev GKeviB `yej| Avgvi fq nq
nv`xmwU wfwnxb ev evbvqvU| GKviY Kvbv Kvbv Avwjg `yAvi ci nvZ `ywU w`q gyL gvQvK weÀvZ ejQb| KviY
G welq GKwUI mnxn, nvmvb ev A `yej Kvbv nv`xm bB| GQvov `yAvi mgq nvZ DVvbv mvnvex I ZveqxMYi hyM
cwiwPZ I cPwjZ wQj, wK `yAv kl nvZ w`q gyL gvQvi Kvbv cKvi DjL cvIqv hvq bv|3
Aciw`K Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx (852 wn) ejb, nv`xmwUi mb` `yej njI AbKjv m~ wewfb mb` ewYZ nIqvi
KviY g~j welqwUK MnYhvM ev nvmvb ejv DwPZ|4 mybvb wZiwghxi Kvbv Kbv cvywjwcZ `Lv hvq h Bgvg wZwiwghx
nv`xmwU nvmvb ev mnxn ejQb| wK Bgvg beex (676 wn) ejb h, mybvb wZiwghxi mKj wbfihvM I cPwjZ Kwc I
cvywjwcZ Bgvg wZiwghxi gZvgZ wnme DjL AvQ h, nv`xmwU Mixe| Bgvg beexI G welqK mKj nv`xm hqxd ej DjL
KiQb|5 6 wnRix kZKi cLvZ gynvwm I dKxn Bgvg evBnvKx (568 wn) ejb : `yAv kl `y nvZ w`q gyL gvQvi welq
nv`xm hqxd, Ze KD KD m nv`xmi Dci Avgj Ki _vK|6
w
w
.a
Bgvg Avyi ivvK mvbAvbx (211 wn) Zvi Dv` Bgvg gvgvi Beby ivwk` 154 wn) _K Bgvg Beby wknve hynix
(125 wn) _K welqwU eYbv Ki ejb: KLbv KLbv Avgvi Dv` gvgvi Gfve `yAvi kl gyL gyQZb Ges AvwgI KLbv
KLbv Zv Kwi|7 G _K eySv hvq h ZvweqxMYi hyM KD KD `yAv kl Gfve gyL gyQZb|
Gfve Avgiv `wL h, `yAvi mgq nvZ DVvbv hic cgvwYZ mybvZ, `yAv kl nvZ `ywU w`q gyLgj gyQv Abyic
cgvwYZ welq bq| G welq `yGKwU `yej nv`xm AvQ, hvi mwwjZ ic _K Kvbv Kvbv Avwjgi gZ Gfve gyL gvQv Rvqh
ev gyvnve| AvjvnB fvj Rvbb|
1. 15. 4. 19. `yAvi mgq kvnv`Z Avywji Bkviv
`yAvi AviKwU gvmb~b cwZ `yAvi mgq Wvb nvZi kvnv`Z Avywj DwVq wKejvi w`K Bkviv Kiv| mvjvZi ga
I mvjvZi evBi `yAvi mgq Gfve Bkviv Kivi welq KZjv nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| GK nv`xm Beby Avevm (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
Contents
70
cv_bv Kiv GB h, Zzwg Zvgvi `yB nvZ Zvgvi `yB Kuva eivei ev KvQvKvwQ DVve| Avi BwMdvi GB h, Zzwg
Zvgvi GKwU Avyj w`q Bkviv Kie| Avi BewZnvj ev KvKzwZ wgbwZ Ki cv_bv Kiv GB h, Zzwg Zvgvi `y nvZB mvgb
GwMq è| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
wewfb nv`xm ay GKwU Avyj, Wvb nvZi kvnv`Z Avyj w`q wKejvi w`K Bkviv KiZ wb`k Ìqv nqQ|
Kvbv Kvbv nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, ivm~jyjvn () Bkvivi mgq, weklZ mvjvZi ga `yAvi mgq AvyjwU mvRv
wKejvgyLx Ki ivLZb Ges wbRi `wK Avyji Dci ivLZb| wZwb G mgq Avyj bvovZb bv| 2
1. 15. 4. 20. `yAvi mgq `w bZ ivLv

`yAvi ga webqi GKwU w`K `w bZ ivLv| eqvèi gZv Dcii w`K ZvwKq `yAv KiZ nv`xm wbla Kiv
nqQ| weklZ mvjvZi ga `yAvi mgq Dcii w`K bRi KiZ nv`xm KwVbfve wbla Kiv nqQ| Avey ivBiv (iv)
ejb, ivm~jjy vn () ejQb :
om
.c
h mg gvbyliv mvjvZi ga `yAvi mgq Dcii w`K `w `q Zviv hb AekB G KvR e Ki, bvnj Zvì
`wkw niY Kiv ne|3 Ab eYbvq mvjvZi ga K_vwU bB, me `yAvZB `w Ea DVvZ wbla Kiv nqQ|4
un
na
ht
ru
st
1. 15. 4. 21. `yAvi mv_ Avgxb ejv

Avgxb A_: n Avjvn, Keyj Kib| KD `yAv Kij Zvi `yAvi mv_ Avgxb ejv GKwU mybv Z ixwZ| Avgiv
mvjvZi ga m~iv dvwZnvi ci Gfve Avgxb ewj| m~iv dvwZnv QvovI mvjvZi ga KzbyZ Ges mvjvZi evBi `yAvi mgq
kvZvì Avgxb ejv GKwU gvmb~b ixwZ| nvexe Beby gvmjvgv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb:
wKQz gvbyl GKwZ nj hw` Zvì KD `vqv Ki Ges Abiv Avgxb ej Ze Avjvn Zvì `vqv Keyj Kib|
nv`xmwU `yej|5
1. 15. 5. ay Avjvni KvQB PvIqv
1. 15. 5. 1. jwKK I AjwKK cv_bv
w
w
.a
ss
cv_bv ev PvIqvi welqe `yB cKvii nZ cvi| GK cKvi jwKK ev RvMwZK mvnvh-mnhvwMZv hv gvbyl ^vfvweKfve
KiZ cvi| G mKj welq cKwZMZfve GKRb gvbyl AviKRbi wbKU Pq _vK Ges gvbyl RvMwZKfve Zv c`vb KiZ
cvi| hgb, Kviv KvQ UvKvcqmv PvIqv, mvnvh PvIqv, cvwbZ co Mj DVvbvi Rb mvnvh PvIqv, gv_vi evSv co Mj
DVvZ mvnvh PvIqv, BZvw`, BZvw` AMwYZ| RvwZ, ag, wekvm I Awekvm wbwekl mKjB G aibi mvnvh cv_bv Ki|
wZxq cKvi cv_bv AjwKK ev Acvw_e| RvMwZK gvag I DcKiY Qvov AjwKK mvnvh, vY BZvw` cv_bv Kiv| G
RvZxq cv_bv aygv Kvbv agi Abymvix ev wekvmx Kib| wekvmx aygv Avjvn, Cki ev mekwgvb ej wekvm Kib,
A_ev hvi mv_ Bkii wekl mK I hvi ga HkwiK gZv AvQ, Zvi KvQB cv_bv Kib| G cKvii cv_bv Avjvn Qvov
Kviv KvQ Kivi A_ - Avjvn Qvov KvDK Avjvni mv_ kixK Kiv| KviY, GZ Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv ga Avjvni Yvejx
(AjwK mvnvh, gZv, CkiZ ev HkwiK kw) Kbv Kiv nq| Avi Avjvn Qvov Kvbv wKQyK Kvbv Y, gZv ev Kg Avjvni
gZv gb Kiv ev Kviv ga Avjvni Yvejx Avivc KivB wkiK|
Avjvn Qvov Ab Kvbv wdwikZv, bex, Ijx, gvbyl, cvKwZK welqi ga Kvbv AjwKK ev Acvw_e KjvY ev
AKjvYi wekvmB mKj cKvi wkiKi g~j| GRb KziAvb Kvixg gykwiKì wkiKi cwZev` KiZ hq wewfb vb
evisevi, cvq 15/16 vb, NvlYv Kiv nqQ h, Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv Kvbv cKvi gj, Agj, KjvY, AKjvY, wZ
ev DcKvi Kivi Kvbvic gZv bB ev Avjvn KvDK Kvbvic gZv c`vb Kibwb|
eZ, gykwiKMYi `vwe wQj h, Avjvn G mKj mwK fvjem GìK wKQz AjwKK gZv c`vb KiQb| Zvì
KvQ cv_bv Kij Zviv Avjvni Ìqv gZvej ev Avjvni wbKU _K cv_bv Ki fì gbevbv c~iY KiZ cvib| Zviv
wewfb AjwKK NUbv ev KvivgZ I gywRhvK cgvY wnme ck KiZ| gykwiKMY I LvbMY Cmv gmxn ev hx Li ga
CkiZ ev HkwiK gZv `vwe KiZ _vK| Zvì `vwe wQj, wZwb gZK RxweZ KiQb, Rbv I KzivMxK my KiQb, GZ
Contents
71
cgvwYZ nq h, Zuvi ga KjvY-AKjvYi HkwiK gZv iqQ| Zviv Zuvi wbKU cv_bv KiZ, mvnvh PvBZ Ges Zvi
Dk DrmM KiZ| GQvov Zuvi gvZv gwiqgKI Zviv mU ev mvax igYx wnme HkwiK wekl gZvi AwaKvix ej wekvm
KiZ Ges Zvi KvQ cv_bv KiZ, Zuvi g~wZ ev mgvwaZ mvR`v KiZ Ges Zuvi bvg gvbZ, DrmM BZvw` Bev`Z KiZ|
KziAvb Kvixg wewfb vb GB wki&Ki cwZev` Kiv nqQ| gvmxn ev Zuvi gvZvi Kvbv AjwKK gZv wQj bv ev
bB Zv DjL Kiv nqQ| GK vb Bikv` Kiv nqQ: gwiqg-Zbq gmxn Zv Kej GKRb ivm~j; Zvi c~e e ivm~j MZ
nqQ Ges Zvi gvZv mZwb wQj| Zvnviv Dfq Lv`vnvi KiZ| `L, Zvì Rb AvqvZ wKic wek`fve eYbv Kwi! Aviv
`L, Zviv wKfve mZ-wegyL nq! ej, Zvgiv wK Avjvn eZxZ Ggb wKQzi Bev`Z Ki hvi KvbvB gZv bB Zvgvì wZ
ev DcKvi Kivi?1
1. 15. 5. 2. jwKK cv_bv jvKi KvQ Kiv hvq
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
c_g cKvi cv_bv RvMwZKfve h Kvbv gvbyli KvQ Kiv hvq| Gwj GKvB RvMwZK ev jwKK mvnvh
mnhvwMZv| KD GB RvZxq mvnvh PvBj ZvK mvnvh Kiv DwPZ I `vwqZ| gb Kib Avgvi MiwU cvwjq hvQ| Avwg
mvgb Kvbv gvbyli Avfvm cq wPrKvi Ki ejjvg, fvB, Avgvi MiwU GKUz ai èb! A_ev Avwg c_ wPbZ cviwQ bv,
ZvB Kvbv gvbylK `L A_ev Kvbv evwoi evBi ùvwoq wfZi gvbyl AvQ Abygvb Ki wPrKvi Ki ejwQ, fvB AgyK vb
Kvb w`K w`q hve GKUz ejeb!
GLvb Avwg jwKK mvnvh cv_bv KiwQ| m gvbyli ga Kvbv AjwKKZ ev HkwiK Y Kbv KiwQ bv| H
ewi ewMZ cwiPqI Avgvi KvQ Kvbv iZ enb Ki bv| Avwg Rvwb h, ^vfvweKfve GKRb gvbyl GKwU Mi aiZ
cvi ev D vbi GKRb evwm`v ^vfvweKfve c_wU wPbe ej Avkv Kiv hvq| GRb Avwg Zvi _K GB jwKK mvnvh
cv_bv KiwQ|
hw` Kv_vI G cKvii RvMwZK mgmv nq Ges mLvb Kvbv gvbylRb bv _vK Zvnj DcwZ A`k wdwikZvMYi
wbKUI mvnvh PvIqv hvq| gywgb Rvbb h, Avjvni AMwYZ wdwikZvMY cw_exi me Qwoq iqQb| GQvov A`k mw RxbivI
wewfb vb PjvPj Ki| Dcii cwiwwZZ hw` Kvbv `kgvb gvbylK bv `L wZwb A`k wdwikZv ev wRbi KvQ jwKK
mvnvh Pvb Zvnj Zv Rvqh ne| KviY wZwb Kvbv wbw` mwi ga CkiZ ev AjwKKZ Kbv KiQb bv| Z_vq Kvb& wdwikZv
AvQb ev Kvb& wRb iqQb ZvI wZwb Rvbb bv ev Rvbv Zvi KvQ Kvbv iZ enb Ki bv| wZwb Rvbb h, GLvb Kvbv
wdwikZv ev wRb _vKZ cvib| Avjvni Ab Kvbv ev`vK `LwQ bv, KvRB GLvb DcwZ Avjvni A`k ev`vì KvQ GKUz
mvnvh Pq `wL Kx nq| Avyjvn Beby gvmE` (iv) _K GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ, wZwb ejQb :
ss
.a
ev`vi mv_ Zvi msiY wbqvwRZ wdwikZvMY QvovI Avjvni AbK wdwikZv AvQb hviv mviv wek Kv_vq Kvb
MvQi cvZv coQ ZvI wjLb| hw` Zvgvì KD Kvbv wbRb cvi AvUK co ev APj nq co Zvnj m WK eje:
n Avjvni ev`vMY Zvgiv mvnvh Ki, Avjvn Zvgvì ingZ Kib|2
1. 15. 5. 3. AbycwZi KvQ jwKK cv_bv wkiK
w
w
jwKK ev RvMwZK mvnvh cv_bv Kivi AbycwZ KvDK WvKv ev AbycwZ Kviv KvQ mvnvh cv_bv Kiv
wkiK| hgb, Kviv wiKkv D MQ ev MvwowU Luv` coQ, ZLb ^vfvweK jwKK Kg h, m KvDK `LZ cvK ev bv
cvK, m wPrKvi Ki mvnvh PvBe : K AvQ GKUz mvnvh Ki| GLvb m jwKK mvnvh PvQ|
wK hw` m G mgq mLvb AbycwZ Kvbv RxweZ ev gZ gvbylK ev Ab Kvbv mwK WvKZ _vK Ze m
wkiK wj ne| KviY m gb KiQ, AbycwZ AgyK ew m`v me`v me weivRgvb ev m`v me`v mKj vbi mewKQy Zvi
MvPwif~Z| KvRB, wZwb `~ieZx vb _K AvgvK `LZ cvQb ev Avgvi WvK bZ cvQb Ges `~i _K AjwKKfve
Avgvi wec` KvwUq Ìqvi gZv AjwKK gZv Zvi AvQ| Gfve m GKwU wbw` gvLj~Ki ga AjwKKZ, HkwiK
kw ev gnvb Avjvni Yvejx Avivc Ki wkiK wbcwZZ nqQ| GQvovI m gnvb Avjvni gZvK QvU ej gb KiQ|
G cv_bvKvix ev AvnvbKvix m wekl ewi ga h gZv ev Y Kbv KiQ Zv GKvfveB gnvb Avjvni Rb
wbavwiZ Yvejx| G cv_bvKvix G YvejxK aygv Avjvni ej gb Ki bv| m wekvm Ki h, G gZvi ga Avjvni
kixK AvQ| G gZvwU hgb Avjvni AvQ, Zgwb AgyK ewiI AvQ| Ze m meZ Zvi Kbvi gvbylwUi gZvK G
Avjvni gZvi Pq AwaK ej wekvm Ki| GRbB m AvjvnK bv WK ZvK WKQ|
Contents
72
G gykwiKì `vwe h, GmKj evev, gv, mvv, mU, wdwikZv ev wRbìK AvjvnB gZv c`vb
KiQb| gZv g~jZ AvjvniB, wZwb GìK wKQy ev mKj gZv c`vb KiQb| gvi KvwdiivI G `vwe KiZ ej KziAvb
Kvixg I nv`xm kixd DjL Kiv nqQ Ges KwVbfve cwZev` Kiv nqQ|
gymwjg-Agymwjg mKj mgvRB GRvZxq AbK wg_v Kvwnbx, wKse`x ev RbkwZ iqQ| AgyK ew wec` co
evev AgyK, gv AgyK, mU ev mvv AgyKK WKwQj, Agwb m ZvK Dvi Ki w`qQ| Gjvi Dci wfw Ki gvbyl
wkiKi ga wbcwZZ nq|
1. 15. 5. 4. jwKK-AjwKK mKj cv_bv Avjvni KvQ
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Gfve Avgiv `LZ cvwQ h, RvMwZK I jwKK mvnvh mnhvwMZv Avjvni mwi KvQ PvIqv hvq| Zv mI G aibi
welqI Kviv KvQ bv Pq aygv Avjvni KvQ PvIqvi Rb DZK wkv c`vb KiQb DZi ivnevi gynvv`yi ivm~jyjvn |
RvMwZK I mwRMZi mvavaxb welq GK Acii mvnvh c_bv Rvqh Avi Avjvni KvQ PvIqv Bev`Z I mvIqve| Aciw`K
wZxq cKvii mvnvh Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv KvQ PvIqv nvivg I wkiK Avi Avjvni KvQ PvIqv Bev`Z I mvIqve|
KziAvb I mybv Zi AvjvK `yAvi AbZg w`K h, ev`v Zvi mKj welq aygv Zvi cfy, cwZcvjK, cig KiYvgq
Avjvni KvQB PvBeb| Avgiv KziAvb Kvixgi AvqvZ `LwQ Avjvn ev`vMYK ZuviB KvQ cv_bv KiZ wb`k w`qQb
Ges wZwb Zvì mKj cv_bvq mvov wèb ej RvwbqQb| hviv Zuvi KvQ `yAv Kie bv ,ev ZuvK WvKe bv ,Zvì Rb
fqi kvwi K_v NvlYv Kiv nqQ|
nv`xm kixd ivm~jjy vn () RvMwZK I agxq mKj KvR z`v wZz` welqI Avjvni KvQ cv_bv KiZ DZK
wb`k w`qQb| GgbwK RyZvi wdZv wQo MjI Zv Avjvni KvQ PvBZ wb`k c`vb KiQb| jeYi ìKvi njI
Avjvni KvQ PvBZ ne|
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb:
Zvgiv Zvgvì mKj cqvRb Avjvni KvQ PvBe, GgbwK hw` RyZvi wdZv wQo hvq Zvnj ZvI Zuvi KvQB PvBe|
GgbwK jeYI Zuvi KvQB PvBe| nvBmvgx I Abvb gynvwm nv`xmwU mnxn ejQb|1
Avqkv (iv) ejb:
.a
ss
Zvgiv mewKQy Avjvni KvQ PvBe| GgbwK RyZvi wdZvI Avjvni KvQ PvBe| KviY Avjvn eev bv Kij
RyZvi wdZvI wgje bv| nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn|2
hw` KD Avjvn Qvov Kviv KvQ wKQy bv Pvb, Zv hZ z` RvMwZK welqB nvK, Zvnj ivm~jyjvn Zuvi RvbvZi
wRv`vix MnY Kieb| mvIevb (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejjb :
w
w
K AvQ, h `vwqZ MnY Kie h, m Kviv KvQ wKQy PvBe bv, Zvnj Avwg Zvi RvbvZi `vwqZ MnY Kie|
mvIevb ejb : Avwg ejjvg, Bqv ivm~jvjvn, Avwg| Gici mvIevb (iv) Kviv KvQ wKQyB PvBZb bv| AbK mgq DUi
wcV _vKv Aevq Zuvi jvwV co hZ| wZwb KvDK ejZb bv h, Avgvi jvwVwU DwVq w`b| eis wZwb wbR DUi wcV _K
bg wbRi nvZB jvwVwU DVvZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
Avey hvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn AvgvK ejb, Zzwg wK Avgvi KvQ evBAvZ (cwZv) MnY Kie, hw` Ki
Zvnj Zvgvi Rb iqQ RvbvZ| Avwg ejjvg : nuv Ges Avwg Avgvi nvZ evwoq w`jvg| ZLb ivm~jyjvn Avgvi Dci
kZvivc Kijb :
.

: :

gvbyli KvQ wKQyB PvBZ cvie bv| Avwg ejjvg : nuv| wZwb ejjb : Zvgvi QwoI hw` nvZ _K co hvq
Zvnj Zv Kviv KvQ PvBZ cvie bv| wbR bg Zv Zzj be| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
AvDd Beby gvwjK ejb, Avgiv 7, 8 ev 9 ew ivm~jjy vn -Gi ìevi emwQjvg| Avgiv wKQy c~eB evBAvZ
MnY KiwQ| ZLb wZwb ejjb: Zvgiv evBAvZ MnY Kie bv? Avgiv ejjvg: Avgiv Zv BZvgaB evBAvZ MnY KiwQ|
Contents

wZwb 3 evi GKB K_v ejjb| ZLb Avgiv nvZ evwoq w`jvg| Avgvì ga _K GKRb ejj: Avgiv wKmi
Dci evBAvZ MnY Kie? wZwb ejjb:
73
Zvgiv Avjvni Bev`Z Kie, Zuvi mv_ Kvbv wkiK Kie bv, cuvP Iqv mvjvZ Av`vq Kie, ivi AvbyMZ
Kie ... Ges gvbyli wbKU wKQyB PvBe bv| nv`xmi ivex ejb : m gvbyljv Zuvì QwowU co MjI KvDK Zv
DwVq w`Z ejZb bv|1
Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv KvQ wKQy PvBe Kb gywgb ? KD Zv Zuvi BQvi evBi Kvbv KjvY ev AKjvY Kivi
b~bZg gZv ivL bv| wZwbB Zv me gZvi gvwjK| Avwg Kb Abi KvQ Pq wbRK nq I Avgvi gnvb `qgq cfiy
cwZ Avgvi AvvK Kwgq dje?
Beby Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n AvgvK ejjb:
.c
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
n evjK, Avwg ZvgvK KqKwU evK wkv w`wQ| Zzwg AvjvnK (Zuvi weavbvejxK) ndvhZ Kie, Zvnj wZwb
ZvgvK iv Kieb| Zzwg AvjvnK (Zvgvi Ai m`v RvMiK I) msiwZ ivLe, Zvnj ZuvK me`v Zvgvi mvgb cve|
hLb PvBe ev cv_bv Kie ZLb ay Avjvni KvQB PvBe| hLb mvnvhi cv_bv Kie, ZLb ay Avjvni KvQB mvnvh
PvBe| Rb ivL, hw` mKj gvbyl Zvgvi Kvbv KjvY KiZ mwwjZ nq, Zvnj Zviv Zvgvi aygv ZZUzKzB KjvY
KiZ cvie hZUzKz Avjvn wbaviY KiQb| Avi hw` Zviv mevB Zvgvi AKjvY KiZ GKRvU nq, Zvnj Zviv Zvgvi
aygv ZZUzKzB AKjvY KiZ cvie hZUzKz Avjvn Zvgvi wei wbaviY KiQb| Kjgjv DV MQ Ges cvjv
wKq wMqQ| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
mvaviY wec`-Avc`, K-`ytL ev mgmvi K_v Avgiv AbK mgq Ab Kvbv gvbylK ej mnhvwMZv Kvgbv Kwi ev
AZ gbK nvv Kwi| wK cKZ gywgbi Afvm, Kvbv ev`vi KvQ Kvbv e_vi K_v bv ej Zvi mKj e_v, e`bv I
Ki K_v Zuvi gvwjKi KvQ ck Kiv| GKgv wZwbB Zv Zv `~i KiZ cvib| Avi wZwb bv Kij Zv Kviv wKQy Kivi
bB| kZevi wdwiq w`jI GKgv Zuvi ìRvB gywgbi Mej| Avyjvn Beb gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:
.a
ss

( )
w
w
hw` Kvbv ew K-Afve cwZZ nq Zvi Afvei K_v gvbyli KvQ ck Ki ev gvbylK ej Zvnj Zvi Afve
wgUe bv| Avi hw` m Zvi wec` ev Afve Avjvni wbKU ck Ki Zvnj AwPiB Avjvn ZvK wbKUeZx ev `~ieZx wihK c`vb
Kieb (Ab mnxn eYbvq: `Z gZz ev `Z mQjZv c`vb Kieb|)| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
1. 15. 6. `yAv Keyji mgq I vb
1. 15. 6. 1. ivZ, weklZ kl ivZ
gywgb me`v Avjvni KvQ `yAv Kieb| Ze nv`xm kixd wKQy wKQy mgqK `yAv Keyji Rb wekl Ki wPwZ
Kiv nqQ| Zba mecavb I mevg mgq ivZ| wewfb nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv RvbZ cvwi h, ivZ gywgbi `yAv I
GKv Bev`Zi mgq| kixqZi cwifvlvq gvMwiei i _K dRii Iqvi i ch ivZ| kxZi mgq wWmîRvbyqvwi gvm Avgvì `k ivZ cvq 12 Nv _vK (mv 5.30 Uv _K fvi 5 Uv ch)| Aciw`K Ryb/ RyjvB gvm ivZ
cvq 9 Nv nq hvq (mv 7 Uv _K fvi 3.45 Uv ch)| ivZi GB mgqUzKz K nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv PviwU chvq fvM
KiZ cvwi :
(1). c_g ZZxqvsk (c_g 3/4 Nv): G mgqi dhxjZ wekl Kvbv DjL bB| RyevBi Beby gyZwqg (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn ejb:
Contents
74

:

.

Avjvn cZK ivZ mewb Avmgvb bg Avmb Ges ejb: Kvbv cv_bvKvix ev hv&TvKvix KD wK AvQ? hw`
KD wKQy Pvq Zvnj Avwg ZvK Zv c`vb Kie| gv PvIqvi KD wK AvQ? h gv PvBe Avwg ZvK gv Kie| Gfve
cfvZi Dbl ch| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
G nv`xm ivZ ejZ cyiv ivZB eySv hvq| GZ ivZi c_g AskI dhxjZi ga Gm hvq| Ze Abvb wewfb
nv`xm G dhxjZ ivZi cieZx Askjvi Rb wbavwiZ Kiv nqQ| mnxn gymwjgi Ab nv`xm Rvwei (iv) ejQb, Avwg
bexRx -K ejZ bwQ :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
wbq ivZi ga Ggb GKwU mgq AvQ h mgq Kvbv gymwjg Avjvni KvQ cvw_e, RvMwZK ev cvijwKK h
Kvbv KjvY cv_bv Kij Avjvn ZvK Zv AekB wèb| Gfve cwZ ivB|2
G mgqI ivZi c_g gyn~Z _K h Kvbv mgq nZ cvi| Ze Abvb nv`xmi AvjvK G mgq kl ivZ ej
eySv hvq|
(2). c_g ZZxqvski ci _K cieZx gvS ivZ Ges cieZx mviv ivZ : ivZ 9.30/ 10 Uv _K 11.30/12 Uv
ch, Gici evwK ivZ| G mgq Avjvn `yAv Keyj Kib ej mnxn nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| Avey ivBiv (iv) I Avjx (iv)
ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :

:

.

Avgvi DvZi K bv nj Bkvi mvjvZ ivZi c_g ZZxqvsk ch `wi KiZvg| KviY ivZi GK ZZxqvsk AwZv
nj Avjvn mewb Avmgvb bg Avmb| cfvZi i ch wZwb Gfve _vKb| wZwb ejb: KD wK PvBe hvK Ìqv ne? KD
wK WvKe hvi WvK mvov Ìqv ne? Kvbv cvcx wK AvQ h gv PvBe Zvnj ZvK gv Kiv ne? Amy KD AvQ wK? h
ivMgyw PvBe dj ZvK myZv c`vb Kiv ne|3
ss
Ab nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
.a
w
w
gnvb Avjvn cZK ivZ, ivZi c_g ZZxqvsk AwZevwnZ nj wbKUeZx Avmgvb bg Avm Ges ejb : AvwgB
ev`kvn, AvwgB gvwjK| K AvQ AvgvK WvKe? WvKjB Avwg Zvi WvK mvov wè, K AvQ Avgvi KvQ PvBe? PvBjB Avwg
ZvK c`vb Kie| K AvQ Avgvi KvQ gv PvBe? PvBjB Avwg ZvK gv Kie| GfveB ejZ _vKb cfvZi Avjvi
weKxiY nIqv ch|4
(3). ga ivZ _K (ivZ 11.30 Uv ev 12 Uv _K) ivZi kl ZZxqvski i ch Ges evwK ivZ: Dcii
nv`xmi AvjvK ivZi G Ask ^fveZB `yAv Keyji mgq| G Qvov G Ask mK wekl nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| Dmgvb Beby
Avexj Avm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:

:

.

ga ivZ Avmgvbi mKj ìRv Lyj Ìqv nq| ZLb GKRb NvlK NvlYv KiZ _vKb: Kvbv cv_bvKvix AvQ
wK? hw` KD cv_bv Ki Zvnj Zv Keyj Kiv ne| Kvbv hv&TvKvix AvQ wK? hw` KD wKQy Pvq Zvnj ZvK Zv Ìqv
Contents
75
ne| Kvbv wec`M AvQ wK? wec` gyw PvBj Zvi wec` KvUvbv ne| G mgq h Kvbv gymwjg h Kvbv
welq cv_bv KiK, Avjvn Zvi cv_bv Keyj Kieb| aygv `n eemvqx ewfPvwiYx I Uvj Av`vqKvix (bvMwiKì K w`q
h Uvj LvRbv BZvw` Av`vq Ki) ev`| nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn|1
(4). ivZi mePq gyeviK Ask (ivZ 1 Uv ev 2 Uv _K evwK ivZ): hvwKii mePq eo m`, cv_bvKvixi
mek myhvM, Avjvn cwgKi Rxebi mevg Y ivZi kl ZZxqvsk| ivZ AvbygvwbK 1Uv ev 2 Uv _K evwK ivZ| G
mgqi dhxjZ mK AbK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| mnxn eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg I Abvb M msKwjZ nv`xm Avey ivBiv
(iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
ivi kl Ask I dih mvjvZi ci| nv`xmwU nvmvb|

Avgi Beby Av^vmv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb:
.c
om
Avgvì gnvb gwngvw^Z cfy cwZ ivZ, hLb ivZi kl ZZxqvsk evwK _vK ZLb wbKUeZx Avmgvb bg Avmb
Ges ejb : KD hw` AvgvK WvK, Zvnj Avwg Zvi WvK mvov wè| KD hw` Avgvi KvQ wKQy Pvq, Avwg ZvK Zv c`vb
Kie| KD hw` Avgvi KvQ gv Pvq, Avwg ZvK gv Kie|2
Avey Dgvgv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vnK () ck Kiv njv: Kvb `yAv mePq ewk kvbv nq ev Keyj Kiv nq ? wZwb
Di ejb :

ev`v Zvi cfyi mePq bKU-jvf Ki hLb m mvR`vq _vK Ges hLb m ivZi kl ZZxqvsk mvjvZ Av`vqi
Rb ùvovq| AZGe, ivZi m mgq hviv Avjvni whK&i Kib, Zywg hw` Zvì Afy nZ cvi, Zvnj Zv ne| nv`xmwU
mnxn|4
w
w
.a
ss
KD nqZ fveeb, Avgiv `LwQ, Kvbv nv`xm ivZi GK ZZxqvsk Ges Kvbv nv`xm ivZi `yB ZZxqvsk AwZevwnZ
nIqvi ci gnvb Avjvn c_g Avmgvb Avmb| GLvb Zv ecixZ `Lv w`j| cKZ
c welqwUZ Kvbv ecixZ bB|
Avjvni AeZiY, AvMgb Gjvi cwZ Avgvì evaMg bq| Zuvi nvexe gynvv`yi ivm~jyjvn () hfve ejQb Avgiv
mfveB wekvm vcb KiwQ| Ze Avgiv GZUzKz `pfve eySZ cvwi h, Avjvn G mgq Zuvi ev`vìK wekl bKU c`vb
Kib, hv Abvb bKU _K wfb I ghv`vgq| Avgvì `vwqZ G gnvb mgqi eiKZgq myhvM MnY Kiv| gnvb iveyj
Avjvgxbi GwMq Ìqv ingZi, eiKZi I KeywjqZi LvvK Aenjvq wdwiq bv Ìqv| eis cig AvMn I Mfxi
AveM G `vb MnY Kiv|
Avgvì Pv KiZ ne ivZi kl ZZxqvsk Bev`Z I `yAv Kivi Pv Kiv| hLb mKjB Nywgq _vKeb ZLb ev`v
Zvi gbi mKj AveM DRvo Ki Zvi cfyK WvKe, Zvi gbi mKj e`bv, AvKzwZ, K I AveM m ck Kie Zvi cfyi
ìevi, whwb mevcwi gZvevb gnvKiYvgq cig `qvjy I `vZv| wZwbB, ay wZwbB Zv cvib Zuvi AviwR c~iY KiZ| Avb`,
e`bv I cgi Ak w`q hvwKi Zvi G mgqi Bev`Z I `yAvK mylgvgq Kieb| Avjvn AvgvìK ZvIdxK w`b|
G mgq me bv nj AZ ivZi GKZZxqvsk AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci, ivZ 10/11 Uvi w`K, NygvZ hvIqvi AvM AZ
wKQy mgq `yAvq KvUvbv cqvRb| Ahy Ki, KqK ivKvZ bdj mvjvZmn wewZii mvjvZ Av`vq Ki GB mgq wKQy mgq whK&i I
`yAvq KvUvbv LyeB cqvRb|
1. 15. 6. 2. cuvP Iqv dih mvjvZi ci
Avgiv Dci Avey Dgvgv (iv) ewYZ nv`xm Gi weeiY `LwQ| nv`xm kixd ivm~jyjvn mvjvZi ci cvjb Kivi
Rb AbK whK&i I `yAv wkv w`qQb| hv Avgiv ci AvjvPbv Kie, Bb&kv Avjvn|
Contents
76
1. 15. 6. 3. Avhvb I BKvgZi gaeZx mgq

`yAv Keyji AbZg mgq Avhvb I BKvgZi gaeZx mgq, Avhvbi mgq I BKvgZi mgq| wewfb nv`xm ewYZ
nqQ h, G mgqi `yAv Avjvn Keyj Kib| mybvZi wb`k Avhvbi mgq gyqvhwhb hv ejb Zv ejZ ne (nvBqv Avjv-i
mgq jv nvIjv ..)| Gici ivm~jjy vn -Gi Rb mvjvZ (ì`) cvV KiZ ne| Gici ivm~jyjv n -Gi Rb Avjvni KvQ
Imxjv I ghv`v PvBZ ne| Gici gywgb wbRi `ywbqv I AvLivZi cqvRb Avjvni KvQ PvBeb|
Avbvm (iv) ejb , ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
( ) ( )
mnxn|1
Avhvb I BKvgZi gaeZx mgqi `yAv diZ Ìqv nq bv| AZGe, Zvgiv G mgq cv_bv Kie| nv`xmwU
Ab nv`xm mvnj Beby mv` (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
om
(

)
(
) - -

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
`ywU `yAv KLbv diZ Ìqv nq bv, ev Lye KgB diZ Ìqv nq: Avhvbi mgq `yAv [wZxq eYbv: BKvgZi
mgq `yAv] Ges Avjvni ivvq hyi mgq `yAv, hLb (gymwjg I Kvwdi) Dfqc gyLvgyLx nq Ges GK Acii ga
nvvnvw hy wgk hvq| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
Avyjvn Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, GKew ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j, gyqvhwhbMY Avgvì Pq ewk ghv`v ARb KiQb|
ZLb wZwb ejb:
gyqvhwhbMY hv ej Zzwg Zv ej (Avhvbi Reve `vI)| hLb kl Kie, ZLb Avjvni KvQ PvI; Zzwg hv PvBe
ZvgvK Zv Ìqv ne| nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb|3
w
w
.a
ss
1. 15. 6. 4. wRnvì gq`vb hy PjvKvjxb mgq

Dcii nv`xm Avgiv `LwQ h, G mgq `yAv Keyj nq|
1. 15. 6. 5. `yAv Keyji Abvb mgq
`yAv Keyji Abvb wekl mgq : ighvb gvm, dih ev bdj wmqvg Aevq, BdZvii mgq, hghgi cvwb cvb Kivi
mgq, BZvw`|
1. 15. 6. 6. mvjvZi ga `yAv
mvjvZi ga, mvR`vi ga I mvjvgi c~e `yAv Kij Avjvn Keyj Kib ej wewfb nv`xm evievi ejv nqQ|
welqwU gyZvIqvwZi| Avgiv ZZxq Aavq Zv wevwiZ AvjvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avjvn|
1. 15. 6. 7. evii wekl gynZ
~
evii w`b GKwU wekl gynZ
~ iqQ h mgq ev`v Avjvni wbKU hv cv_bv Kie ZvB Avjvn ZvK wèb|
ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
wbq evi GKwU mgq AvQ, h mgq Kvbv gymwjg ùvwoq mvjvZiZ Aevq Avjvni KvQ h Kvbv KjvY
cv_bv Kie, Avjvn AekB ZvK Zv c`vb Kieb|4
mvnvex I ZveqxMY G welq wewfb gZvgZ cKvk KiQb| Zuvì ga _K AwaKvsk AvwjgB ejQb h, evii
w`b m~hvi c~ei gyn~Z `yAv Keyji mgq| G mgq hw` Kvbv gymwjg gvMwiei mvjvZi cwZ wbq mvjvZi Acvq em
`yAvq gkj _vK Ze Avjvn Zuvi `yAv Keyj Kieb| Kvbv eYbvq: Bgvgi LyZev c`vb i Kiv _K Zuvi mvjvZi mvjvg
divbv ch mgqi ga G gynZ
~ wU iqQ|5
Contents
77
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
1. 15. 6. 8. `yAv Keyji vb welq nv`xmi ggevYx

`yAv mwKZ mKj nv`xm cvV Kij GKwU wekl welq j Kiv hvq| ivm~jyjvn () Zuvi DZK `yAvi Avè, cwZ,
k BZvw` me wkv w`qQb| KLb Kx-fve `yAv Kij Avjvn Keyj Kieb Zv wevwiZ wkv w`qQb| `yAv Keyji mgq
mK Avgiv AbK nv`xm `LZ cvB| wK `yAv Keyji vb mK Kvbv wb`kbv Avgiv cvB bv ejjB Pj| AgyK mgqi
`yAv Avjvn Keyj Kib ev AgyK mgq `yAv Ki- gg Dci Avgiv AbK nv`xm `Ljvg| wK AgyK vb wMq `yAv Ki Gic
Kvbv wb`kbv Avgiv Kvbv nv`xm cvB bv| aygv nR I Avjvni Ni Kw`K KqKwU nv`xm cvIqv hvq, hjvi ga
AbKjvB `yej| G mKj nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv RvbZ cvwi h, evBZzjv ni ìRvi KvQ gyjZvhvg, mvdv I gviIqvi Dci,
ZvIqvdi mgq, AvivdvZi gvV `yAv Avjvn Keyj Kieb| GQvov `yAvi vb wb`k Ki Kvbv nv`xm cvIqv hvq bv| meZ Gi
KviY Bmjvg mKj hyMi mKj `ki gvbe RvwZi Rb Avjvni gbvbxZ weavb| mKj hyMi mKj vbi gvbylB BQv Kij
mnRB `yAvi Rb gyeviK mgqwji myhvM wbZ cvieb| wK `yAv Keyji Kvbv wekl vb _vKj nq mLvb hvIqv AbKi
Rb me nZv bv| GRb Avjvn Zuvi mKj ev`vi Rb `yAv ìRv Lyj w`qQb|
Avgvì `ki AMwYZ gymwjg Avjvni KvQ `yAv Kivi Rb AMwYZ mnxn nv`xm wb`wkZ mgqi cwZ Kvbv j
ivLb bv| wK Zviv `yAvi Rb vb LuyR eovb| weklZ AbK gymjgvbi eg~j aviYv Ijx eyRyMM Yi gvhvi hq Avjvni
KvQ `yAv Kij `yAv ZvovZvwo Keyj nq| G wg_v I wfwnxb aviYvi dj gvhvijv AvR gymwjgi Cgvb niYi g~j K`
cwiYZ nqQ| gvhviwjK K` Ki Mo DVQ f eemvqxì RgRgvU eemv| hLvb AMwYZ mij gymwjg UvKv-cqmv, nuvmgyiMx, Mi-QvMj BZvwì mv_ wbRi CgvbI iL Pj Avmb|
A_P GKwU nv`xmI ewYZ nqwb h, Kvbv Ijx eyRy Mi gvhvi wMq `yAv Kij Avjvn m `yAv Keyj Kieb| Avjvn
ejb :
hw` Avgvi ev`vMY Avcbvi KvQ Avgvi mK wRvmv Ki, Ze Avwg Zvì wbKUeZx| cv_bvKvix hLb Avgvi
KvQ cv_bv Ki (AvgvK WvK) ZLb Avwg Zvi WvK mvov w` (cv_bv Keyj Kwi)|1
w
w
.a
ss
Avjvn ejjb wZwb KvQ AvQb| WvKjB mvov èb| Avi Avcwb Zuvi K_v wekvm bv Ki Avi Kv_vq ùo eovQb|
Kb òvQb? ivm~jjy vn wK KLbv Kv_vI ejQb h, Kvbv Ijx ev eyRyMi Kei ev gvhvi hq `yAv Kij Zv Keyj ne
? Kv_vI ejbwb| KvRB Avcbvi AwiZv g~jZ gnvb Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () Iqv`v I wkvi cwZ Avcbvi Awekvm|
ivm~jyjvn DZK `yAvi mKj wbqg I Avè wkwLq Mjb, A_P G K_vwU wkLvjb bv! mvnvexMY ck KiQb, wKfve `yAv
Kij Avjvn Keyj Kieb| wZwb wewfb mgq, cwZ I evK wkwLq w`qQb| wK KLbv NyYviI ejbwb h, Ijx AvIwjqvi
gvhvi ev Kei hq `yAv Kij Keyj ne| eis wZwb wewfb nv`xm aygv whqviZ A_vr Kei ewK mvjvg Ìqv I Zvi Rb
`yAv Kiv Qvov Keii KvQ Ab Kvbv Bev`Z KiZ wbla KiQb|
mvnvex-ZveqxMYi hyMi AbK ci gvbyli ga eyRyMMYi Keii wbKU ùvwoq Avjvni KvQ wbRi nvRZ cqvRb
cv_bvi ixwZ gv^q `Lv hZ _vK| Bmjvgx wkvi Afve, Kzmsvi I RbkwZi Dci wekvm BZvw` wQj Gi KviY| RbkwZ
AvQ AgyK eyRy Mi Keii KvQ `yAv Kij Zv Keyj nq| Igwb wKQy gvbyl QyUjb mLvb `yAv KiZ| cieZx hyMi AbK
Rxebx M Ggb AbK RbkwZi K_v cveb| mijgbv AbK Avwjg I bKKvi gvbylI GmKj welq Rwoq wMqQb|
wcq cvVK, Avcwb Avcbvi cggq cwZcvjKi KvQ `yAv KiQb| whwb Zuvi gnvb ivm~ji () gvag `yAvi mgq
I wbqg wkwLq w`qQb| Avjvni ingZ Awekvm Ki I Zuvi ivm~ji () wkvq Abvv Gb gbMov aviYvi wfwZ
Kv_vI ùo eoveb bv| Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () wkvi ga wbivc` Aevb Kib| Avi Kvbv wKQyiB Avcbvi
cqvRb bB|
1. 15. 7. Avjvni KvQ cv_bv cwiZvMi cwiYvg

Dcii nv`xmjv _K Avgiv my eySZ cvwi h, `yAv Kiv Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j -Gi wb`k| `yAv Kiv
Bev`Z| `yAv bv Kiv Aciva I Avjvni Bev`Z _K gyL wdwiq bqv| Avjvni KvQ cv_bv ev `yAv bv Kivi wZbwU Aev I
chvq iqQ| Avgiv wbP G wZbwU Aevi AvjvPbv KiwQ| Avjvni ZvIdxKB Avgvì GKgv Avkqj|
1. 15. 7. 1. Avjvni whK&ii KviY `yAv cwiZvM
hw` KD `yAvi e`j AbeiZ Avjvni whK&i wbgM _vKb Zvnj Zv `yAvi gZvB Bev`Z wnme Avjvni ìeve Keyj
ne ej nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv RvbZ cvwi| hqxd GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ, Dgvi (iv) ev Rvwei (iv) ivm~jjy vn _K
eYbv KiQb, Avjvn ejQb :
Contents

Avgvi whK&i e _vKvi KviY h ew Avgvi KvQ PvBZ cviwb, Avwg cv_bvKvixì hv c`vb Kwi ZuvK
Zvi Pq Dg (cyivi) c`vb Kwi| nv`xmwUi mb` `yej|1
Ab nv`xm Ave~ mvC` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb, Avjvn ejb:
78

hvK KziAvb I Avgvi whK&i Avgvi wbKU cv_bv _K e ivL Avwg cv_bvKvixì hv c`vb Kwi ZuvK Zvi Pq Dg
c`vb Kwi|2
Avgiv `LwQ h, mKj `yAvB whK&i| Ze mKj whK&i `yAv bq| wewfb evK wbRi Rb wKQy bv Pq aygv Avjvni
ghv`v cKvk Kiv `yAv wenxb whK&i| AbK mgq ev`v wec` Avc` gbcvY Avjvni wbKU mgcY Ki ay Zuvi whK&i KiZ
_vKb| G whK&i `yAv-cwiZvM bq| eis AZ DP chvqi `yAv| Avjvn RvwbqQb h, BDb~m (Av) gvQi cUi ga
fqiZg wec` Avjvni KvQ cv_bv KiwQjb:
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Avcwb Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB, Avcwb gnvcwe, mygnvb!, Avwg Zv mxgvjsNbKvix|
GLvb Avgiv `LwQ h, Kvbv cv_bv bB, aygv whK&i| wK Avjvn G whK&iKB `yAv ev wb`v (WvKv) bvg
AwfwnZ KiQb Ges Zvi WvK mvov w`qQb ej RvwbqQb| Zvi KviY G AvKzwZgq whK&iB `yAv| Avi Dcii nv`xm
Gaibi whK&ii K_v ejv nqQ| Avgiv Bmgy Avhg welqK AvjvPbvq `LwQ h, ivm~jjy vn ejQb: BDb~m (Av)-Gi
G `yAv co h Kvbv gymwjg h Kvbv welq `yAv Kij Avjvn Zvi `yAv Keyj Kieb I cv_bv c~iY Kieb|
whK&i bs 24
DPviY: Bqv nvBqy nqv KvBqyg| A_: n wPixe n memsiK|

Avjx (iv) ejb:

:
.

w
w
.a
ss
eìi hyi w`b Avwg wKQyY hy Ki ivm~jyjvn wK KiQb Zv `Lvi Rb Zvovov Ki wdi Avmjvg| Gm
`wL wZwb mvRv`v iZ Aevq iqQb Ges ay ejQb: Bqv nvBD Bqv KvBEg (n wPixe, n memsiK), Gi ewk wKQyB
ejQb bv| Gici Avwg Avevi hyi ga wdi Mjvg| wKQyY ci Avevi Avmjvg| `wL wZwb mvR`v iZ Aevq H K_vB
ejQb| Gici Avwg hy wdi Mjvg| wKQyY ci Avevi wdi Avmjvg| Gm `wL wZwb m K_vB ejQb| Gici Avjvn
ZuvK weRq `vb Kib| nvBmvgx nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb ejQb|3
G nv`xmI Avgiv `LwQ, wKfve whK&ii gvag `yAv Kiv nq| Gic mgwcZ whK&i mevg `yAvi dj Gb `q|
whK&i bs 25 : `ywv ev wec`Mi `yAv-1
DPviY: jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv-j Avhxgyj nvjxg, jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv- iveyj Aviwkj Avhxg, jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv-
iveym mvgvIqv-wZ Iqv iveyj Aviw` Iqv iveyj Aviwkj Kvixg|
A_: bB Kvbv gvey` Avjvn Qvov, whwb gnvb, gnvahkxj gnv wePY, bB Kvbv gvey` Avjvn Qvov, whwb gnvb
Aviki cf,y bB Kvbv gvey` Avjvn Qvov, whwb Avmgvbmg~ni, Rwgbi I mvwbZ Aviki cfy|
Beby Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn wec` ev Ki mgq G K_vjv ejZb|4 Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn
Contents

AvgvK Kvbv K ev wec` coj Dcii G `yAv coZ wkwLqQb| 1 GLvb Avgiv `LwQ h, G `yAv g~jZ
aygv whK&i| GLvb Kvbv `yAv bB| wK Avjvni iYi gvag Zvi KvQ AvZmgcY KiB `yAv Kiv nQ|
whK&i bs 26 : `ywv ev wec`Mi `yAv-2
79
DPviY: Avjv-, Avjv - ivex, jv- DkwiKz wenx kvBAvb|

A_: Avjvn, Avjvn, Avgvi ie, Zvi mv_ KvDK kixK Kwi bv|
Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn Zuvi cwievii mevBK GKwZ Ki ejZb: Zvgvì KD KLbv `ywv ev
wecì ga wbcwZZ nj G K_v eje| nv`xmwUi mb` wKQyUv `yej njI Abvb KqKwU mb` GKB `yAv ewYZ nqQ|
GRb nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
G `yAvI g~jZ whK&i| wec`M gywgb-`q Gfve wbRK mgcY Ki Avjvni KiYv mvb Kib|3
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
1. 15. 7. 2. ZvIqvzj Ki `yAv cwiZvM

Avgiv `Ljvg h, `yAv bv Kivi c_g Aev njv `yAvi e`j whKi e _K Avjvni KvQ gbi AvKzwZ Rvbvbv|
GZ Avjvni KvQ `yAv cwiZvM Kiv nqbv| `yAv bv Kivi wZxq Aev Avjvn `LQb ej `yAv bv Kiv ev Avjvni ZvK`xii
Dci wbfi Ki `yAv _K weiZ _vKv| Gfve `yAv cwiZvM KwVb Aciva I mybvZ weivax Kg| mKj welq Avjvni KvQ
PvIqv Avjvni wb`k, ivm~jyjvn -Gi wb`k, ivm~jjy v n -Gi mybv Z Ges GKwU AwZwi Bev`Z| mybvZi AvjvK Avgiv
GKwU NUbvI LuyR cve bv, hLvb ivm~jyjv n `yAv bv Ki Z_vKw_Z ZvIqvzj KiQb| A_ev Avjvn Zv Avjvn Avgvi
Aev `LQb KvRB `yAvi Kx ìKvi? GK_v ej `yAv Kiv _K weiZ _KQb Ggb GKwU NUbvI Avgiv LyuR cve bv|
gynZvivg cvVK, mvnvexMYi hyMi ci _K, AbK bKKvi gvbyli NUbv Avcwb wewfb M cveb, hLvb Zuviv wec`
Avc` `yAv Kibwb| `yAv KiZ ejv nj Zuviv ejQb, Avjvn Zv Avgvi Aev `LQb, A_ev AvjvnB Avgvi wec` w`qQb
Avwg Kb Zuvi KvQ wec` KvUvZ eje, BZvw`| KD nqZ ejQb, `yAvi Pq ZvIqvzjB Dg|
G mKj eyRyMi Kg, KvivgZ I Cgvbi GB `pZv `L Avgiv wegvwnZ nq gb Kwi, GwUB eywS Cgvbi I ZvIqvzji
mevP i! Avgiv fyj hvB h, Cgvb I Avgji mevP i ivm~jyjvn -Gi| Zvi ciB Zuvi mvnvexMY| Avgiv ivm~jyjvn
-Gi Rxebi GKwU NUbvI cve bv h, wZwb KLbv Kvbv mgmvq ev cqvRb `yAv bv Ki ZvIqvzj KiQb| wZwb me`v `yAv
KiQb I `yAv KiZ wb`k w`qQb| `yAvB Bev`Z, `yAvB ZvIqvzj Ges `yAvB Cgvbi mevP i| DcwiD eyRMy MYi i
Gi wbP| Zuviv Kjei wekl nvjZ GmKj K_v ejQb|
Bev`Z, e`wM, wbRbevm, whK&i AvhKvi BZvw` mKj Avgvì G welqwU Lye ewk gb ivLZ ne| AMwYZ
eyRyMi AMwYZ AvKlYxq weeiY Avgiv `LZ cve| Gjv nqZ fvj| Ze ivm~jjy vn -Gi Av`kB AbyKiYxq Av`k|
w
w
.a
evbvqvU GKwU M AvgvìK fyj eySZ mvnvh Ki| G M ejv nqQ: BeivnxgK (Av) hLb Avb wbc Kiv nq
ZLb wReivCj (Av) Gm ZuvK ejb: Avcbvi Kvbv cqvRb _vKj AvgvK ejyb| wZwb ejb: Avcbvi KvQ Avgvi Kvbv
cqvRb bB| wReivCj (Av) ejb: Zvnj Avcwb Avcbvi cfyi KvQ cv_bv Kib| ZLb Beivnxg (Av) ejb:
wZwb Avgvi Aev Rvbb, GUvB Avgvi Rb h_, AZGe Avgvi Avi Kvbv cv_bvi cqvRb bB|
G KvwnbxwU wfwnxb evbvqvU K_v|4 KziAvb Beivnxg (Av)-Gi AbK `yAv DjL Kiv nqQ| wZwb KLbv Kvbv
cqvRb `yAv Kibwb Gic Kvbv NUbv KziAvb ev nv`xm ewYZ nqwb|
mevcwi `yAv cwiZvM Kiv KziAvb I nv`xmi wkvi wecixZ| Dcii wewfb nv`xm `yAv Kivi wb`k Avgiv
`LwQ| z`vwZz` mKj welq Avjvni KvQ PvBZ ne ZvI `LwQ| Dci bv PvBj Avjvn Am nb| Avey ivBiv (iv)
ivm~jjy vn () _K eYbv KiQb :

KD Avjvni KvQ bv PvBj Avjvn Zvi Dci ivMvw^Z nb|5
Avgiv `LwQ h, Avjvni KvQ `yAv bv Kivi fqi kvwi K_v NvlYv Ki Avjvn ejQb: Ges Zvgvì cfy ejjb:
Contents
80
Zvgiv Avgvi KvQ cv_bv Ki Avwg Zvgvì cv_bvq mvov wè| wbq hviv Avgvi Bev`Z _K Anvi Ki Zviv jvwZ
AcgvwbZ nq Rvnvbvg cek Kie| Avgiv `LwQ h, G AvqvZi evLvq ivm~jyjvn ejQb: `yAvB Bev`Z| Avjvni KvQ
`yAv bv KivB Avjvni Bev`Z _K Anvi Kiv|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
1. 15. 8. Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv KvQ `yAv

Avjvni KvQ `yAv bv Kivi mekl Aev Avjvni KvQ `yAv bv Ki Abi KvQ `yAv Kiv| wekl wec` ev eo eo
mgmvq Avjvni KvQ `yAv PvIqv| evwK QvULvU ev mvaviY wec` Avc`, mgmv, nvRZ, cqvRb BZvwì Rb Avjvn Qvov Ab
Kviv KvQ cv_bv Kiv| GwU fqi wkiK|
1. 15. 8. 1. Avjvn Qvov Kviv KvQ cv_bvB wkiKi g~j
KziAvb Kvixgi AvjvK Avgiv myfve eySZ cvwi h, hyM hyM AwaKvsk Kvwdi gykwiK Avjvni Dci Cgvb
_vKv mI, AvjvnK GKgv mv, wiwhK`vZv, cvjbKZv I megq gZvi AwaKvix wnmve wekvm Kivi ciI GB `yAvi
KviYB gykwiK nq wMqQ|
KziAvb I nv`xm _K Avgiv m`nvZxZfve RvbZ cvwi, gvi gykwiKMY wekvm KiZv h AvjvnB G weki GKgv
m&v, cwZcvjK, megq gZvi gvwjK, Zuvi Dci Kviv gZv bB, wZwbB GKgv wiwhK `vZv, Rxeb I gZyi gvwjK| Zviv
GKevK Zv ^xKvi KiZv| KziAvb Kixgi wewfb vb GK_v evievi DjL Kiv nqQ|1 A_vr, Zviv wekvm KiZv h, jv
LvwjKv Bjvjvn , jv ivev Bjvjvn , jv ivwhKv Bjvjvn , jv gvwjKv Bjjv n BZvw`| wK Zviv G wekvm mI Avjvni
Bev`Zi cvkvcvwk Abvb bex, wdwikZv, cwZgv, cv_i, MvQ BZvwì Bev`Z ev c~Rv KiZ| A_vr, Zviv jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjvn gvbZ
bv|2
wkiKi Drcw Avjvni cwZ Awekvmi KviY bq| wkiKi Drcw Avjvn Qvov Ab Kvbv gvbyl, wdwikZv, MvQ,
cv_i ev cvKwZK kwK AjwKK ev Acvw_e KjvY I AKjvYi HkwiK gZvi AwaKvix gb Ki Zvì Bev`Z ev c~Rv
Kiv| weklZ Zvì KvQ mvnvh, KjvY, Avkq I wec`gyw cv_bv Kiv| nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv `LZ cvB h, AwaKvsk
Avjvni wcq, bKKvi Ijx, eyRMy , bex ev wdwikZvMYi evovevwo, AwZfw I ZvìK gj ev Agj Kivi
gZvi AwaKvix gb Kivi KviY gvbe mgvR wkiK cek KiQ I cwZcvwjZ nqQ| GLvb wevwiZ AvjvPbv me bq|
nv`xm _K aygv gymwjg mgvR wkiK ceki `ywU Kwnbx AvjvPbv KiwQ|
c_g NUbv : c_g gvbe mgvR wQj ZvInxèv`x gywgb gymwjg| Av`g (Av)-Gi ci KqK kZvx GfveB gvbyl ZvInx` I
Cgvbi Dci wQj| Gici AvIwjqv Kivgi AwZfwi KviY gv^q mgvR wkiKi i nq| mnxn eyLvix I Abvb
nv`xmM, Zvdmxi Zvevix I Abvb Zvdmxii M G welqK AbK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| G mKj eYbvi mvimsc wbgic:
Av`g mvbì ga Iqv`, myIqv, BqvM~m, BqvEK I bvmi G cuvP ew Lye bKKvi eyRyM gvbyl wQjb| Zuvì AbK Abymvix,
f I gyix` wQjb, hviv Zuvì ejvqvZi welq LyeB DP aviYv cvlY KiZb| Zuvì gZy i ci Zuvì welq AwZfwKvix
Kvbv Kvbv gyZvKx` ejb: Avgiv hw` Guì Qwe evwbq iL w`B Zvnj Zv AvgvìK ewk ewk Avjvni Bev`Z e`wM KiZ
DrmvwnZ Kie| Gici hLb GivI gviv Mj ZLb Bewjm cieZx hyMi gvbylìK IqvmIqvmv w`Z jvMj, Zvgvì c~eeZxMY
Zv Guì ay ay Qwe Ki ivLbwb| Zviv Zv Zuvì Bev`Z KiZ Ges Zuvì WvKvi djB Zv Zviv ew cZ| ZLb m hyMi
gvbyliv Guì c~Rv Kiv i Kij|3
wZxq NUbv: ZvInxì AbZg wmcvnmvjvi wQjb Beivnxg (Av) I BmgvCj (Av)| ZuìB eskai Avie RvwZ| ZvivI
ZvInxì Dci wQj| Zvì ga wkiKi cPjb mK Beby BmnvK Zvi mxivZzbex M wewfb mvnvex I Zveqxi m~
wjLQb: Giv ejb h, BmgvCji esk Avieì ga wkiK cPjbi KviY wQj, Giv KvevNii LyeB fw KiZ| Zviv KvevNi
Qo hZ PvBZb bv| hLb Zvì eva nq KvevNi Qo wewfb GjvKvq hZ nZv, ZLb Zviv mv_ Ki KvevNii Zvhxgi Rb
KvevNii wKQy cv_i wbq hZb| Zviv hLvbB hZb mLvb GB cv_ijv iL Zvi ZvIqvd KiZb I mvb KiZb|
cieZx hyM gv^q G mKj cv_i Bev`Z Kivi cPjb nq hvq| ci gvbyliv Lqvj Lywk gZv wewfb cv_i c~Rv KiZ i Ki|
GQvov Avieì bZv Avgi Beby jynvC Zvi Kvbv KvR wmwiqvq Mgb Kib| mLvbi gvbyliv g~wZ c~Rv KiZ| wZwb Zvì ejb
: GmKj g~wZ Zvgiv Kb c~Rv Ki? Zviv ej : Avgiv Gì c~Rv Kwi| Gì KvQ ew cv_bv Kwi| ZLb Giv Avgvì ew `vb
Ki| wec` Avgiv Gì KvQ mvnvh cv_bv Kwi| ZLb Giv Avgvì mvnvh Ki| ZLb wZwb Zvì _K KqKwU g~wZ Gb
gvq vcb Kib Ges gvevmxK Gì Zvhxg KiZ wb`k `b|4
1. 15. 8. 2. wdwikZv I bex-Ijxì wbKU cv_bvi `wjj
Contents

81
Avjvn Qvov Ab wKQyi Bev`Zi Zvì hyw wQj `ywU:
c_g hyw: Giv mevB Avjvni wcq, Avjvni bex ev wdwikZv A_ev Avjvni cyKbv| Gì Bev`Z Kij Avjvn
wbq Lywk neb Ges Gfve Avgiv Avjvni bKU ARb KiZ cvie| Avjvn ejb:

Avi hviv Avjvn Qvov Abvb AvDwjqv (AwffveK ev ez) MnY KiQ Zviv ej: Avgiv Zv Gì ay GRbB
Bev`vZ Kwi hb Giv AvgvìK Avjvni mvwba cuQ è| 1
wZxq hyw
& : AvjvnB GKgv cfz , cwZcvjK Ges mKj gZvi gvwjK| Ze wKQy gvbyl I wdwikZv AvQb hviv
Avjvni AZ wcq, Zvì mycvwik Avjvn MnY Kib| G mKj wdwikZv I gvbyli Bev`vZ Kij, Giv Lywk nq Avjvni
KvQ mycvwik Ki gvbyli wec` KvwUq `b, cqvRb c~iY Kib| G evcvi Avjvn ejQb :
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Zviv Avjvn eZxZ hvì Bev`Z Ki Zviv Zvì Kvbv wZI KiZ cvi bv, DcKviI KiZ cvi bv| Zviv ej Giv
Avjvni KvQ Avgvì mycvwikKvix kvdvqvZKvix| Avcwb ejyb: Zvgiv wK AvjvnK Ggb wKQy RvbvQ hv wZwb Rvbb bv,
AvKvkgjx I cw_exi ga ? myenvbvjvn! wZwb mygnvb, mycwe Ges Zvgvì wkiK _K wZwb Ea|2
gykwiKMY hwÌ gb KiZ h, GKgv AvjvnB mKj gZvi AwaKvix Ges GmKj Dcvm Avjvni wbKU _KB
mycvwik Ki Gb `b, ZeyI Zvì aviYv wQj Avjvni mv_ Gì h mK ZvZ Gì mycvwik Avjvn djZ cvieb bv|
Gfve Gì ga gvbyli gj ev Agj Kivi GK aibi gZv AvQ ejB Zviv gb KiZ| A_vr, Zviv gb KiZv h,
g~j gZv AvjvniB| Ze GìK wZwb (Avjvn) wKQy gZv w`qQb| GRb KziAvb Kixg wewfb vb Bw`, bvmviv I
Kvwdiì wkiKi cwZev` Avjvn evievi DjL KiQb h, Giv AvjvnK QvovI h mKj bex, wdwikZv, Ijx ev cwZgvi
Bev`Z ev c~Rv Ki Zviv Kvbv gj ev Agji gZv ivL bv|3
w
w
.a
ss
Zvnj wkiKi wfw wQj Avjvn Qvov Ab Kvbv bex, wdwikZv, Ijx ev Kvbv cvKwZK kwK Acvw_e I AjwKK
gj I Agji gZvi AwaKvix gb Ki ev Zvì mv_ Avjvni mivmwi wekl mK I mycvwiki wekl AwaKvi AvQ
gb Ki Gì KvQ cv_bv Kiv| `yAv ev cv_bvB g~jZ mKj wkiKi g~j| DrmM, Kzievwb (sacrifice), bhi, gvbZ, dzj,
mvR`v, MovMwo BZvw` meB g~jZ `yAvi RbB| hb c~wRZ ew ev e G mKj fU ev DrmM Lywk nq ZvovZvwo cv_bv
c~iY Kib ev nvRZ wgwUq `b m RbB evwK mKj cKvii Bev`Z I Kg| Aciw`K Gì KvQ cv_bv g~jZ RvMwZK|
dmj, ivMevwa, wec`vc`, mvb, weevn, BZvw` RvMwZK cqvRb wgwUq Ìqvi RbB Gì KvQ cv_bv Kiv nq| RvbvZ
ev ^M jvf, gv, mvi cg, AvLivZi DbwZ BZvw` welq Gì KvQ PvIqv nq bv|
GRb Avgiv KziAvb Kixgi weeiY _K `LZ cvB h, gykwiKiv wdwikZv, bex, cwZgv BZvwì Bev`Z KiZ
g~jZ `yAvi gvag| mvaviYfve gykwiKì wkiKB wQj h, Zviv AvjvnKI WvKZ ev Avjvni KvQ `yAv PvBZ, Avevi
Avjvn Qvov Abvb bex, wdwikZv, eyRyM, cv_i, cwZgv BZvwì KvQI `yAv PvBZ| GRb KziAvb Kixg Gì wkiKK
AwaKvsk vb `yAv bvg AwfwnZ Kiv nqQ| cvq 70 GiI AwaK vb gykwiKì wkiKK `yAv ej AwfwnZ Kiv
nqQ|
1. 15. 8. 3. mvaviY nvRZ ebvg eo nvRZ

gykwiKì GmKj `yAv-cv_bv meB wQj g~jZ cvw_e I RvMwZK mgmvw` Kw`K| ivM, ewa, ewcvZ, mvb,
evwYR DbwZ, eiKZ, wec`gyw, wiwhK ew BZvw` welqB gykwiKMY GmKj Dcvmi KvQ cv_bv KiZ, hb Zviv Avjvni
wbKU _K Zvì nvRZ c~Y Ki `q| AvLivZi gyw, RvbvZ, KvgvjvZ BZvwì Rb Gì KvQ KD hZ bv| g~jZ
AwaKvsk gykwiK AvLivZ Awekvm KiZv|
RvMwZK G mKj cv_bvi AwaKvsk gykwiKi mvaviY wbqg wQj, QvULvU wec` Avc` cqvRb Avjvn Qvov
Abvb Dcvmì KvQ PvIqv| Avi Lye KwVb wec` Avjvni KvQ PvIqv| meZ Zviv fveZv, QvULvU welq gnvb Avjvn
iveyj AvjvgxbK wei Kivi Kx ìKvi| GRb Zv Avjvni wcq wdwikZv, bex, Avjvni gq, x BZvw` iqQ| GKv h
mKj KwVb wec` Giv Kj cvb bv, mLvb gnvcfy megq gZvi AwaKvix AvjvnK WvKv hZ cvi|
KziAvb Kvixg G welq AbK vb ejv nqQ| evievi ejv nqQ h, gykwiKMY hLb KwVb wec` co, b`xZ ev
Contents
82
mgy` Soi Kej co, ev Avjvni Avhve ev cvKwZK MRe Gm DcwZ nq ZLb gbcvY Avjvni wbKU
wec`gywi Rb cv_bv Ki| A_P mvaviY nvRZ cqvRb Zviv Zvì Abvb Dcvmì wbKU cv_bv Ki| 1
KziAvbi weeiY _K eySv hvq h, AwaKvsk gykwiKB Gfve PjZ| m~iv nRi GKwU eYbv _K `Lv hvq h, wKQy
gvbyl mvaviYfve Avjvni Bev`Z KiZ| wK Avjvni cwZ Zvì Avv I Cgvbi `pZv LyeB Kg| GRb KwVb wec` coj
Zviv Cgvb nvwiq djZ Ges wkiK wj nq coZ| ZLb Avjvn Qvov Ab Dcvmi KvQ PvIqv i KiZ|2
Dcii AvjvPbv _K Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, Avjvn Qvov Ab Kvbv bex, Ijx, wdwikZv ev Kviv KvQ cv_bv Kiv
wkiKi g~j| Ges GKviYB AwaKvsk gvbyl Avjvni Dci Cgvb _vKv mI wkiK wj nq| GRbB Avjvn ejQb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
AwaKvsk gvbylB wkiK iZ Aevq Avjvni Dci Cgvb Avb|3

G AvqvZi Zvdmxi Beby Avevm (iv), gyRvwn`, AvZv, BKwigvn, Avwgi, Beby wmixb, nvmvb emix, KvZv`vn, Beby
hvB` cgLy mvnvex, Zveqx I Zve-Zveqx, gydvm&wmi ejQb h, gykwiKiv wekvm Ki h, AvjvnB mwKZv, wiwhK`vZv,
gZy`vZv, cwZcvjK Ges iveyj Avjvgxb| wK Zv mI Zviv Bev`Zi Zvi mv_ wkiK Ki|4
1. 15. 8. 4. gymwjg mgvRi `yAv Kw`K wkiK
`yAvi AvjvPbvi ga Dcii `yAv Kw`K wkiK-Gi AvjvPbvi Dk G wkiK _K AvZivi welq mZK
_vKv| Avgiv AZ e`bvi mv_ j Kwi h, wewfb gymwjg mgvR c~eZ
b agi cfve, Bmjvgi g~jbxwZ I wekvm mK
AZvi KviY, wec` Avc` g~Z KvDK AuvKo ai gbi AvKzwZ Rvbvbvi gvbexq `yejvZvi KviY, Avjvni cwZ Avvi
Afve I Abvb AvbylwK KviY `yAv Kw`K wkiK ecKfve Qwoq coQ|
Avgvì mgvRI AMwYZ gymwjg wec` Avc`, ivMevwa, dmj, mvb, weevn BZvw` RvMwZK mgmvwì Rb `ki
AMwYZ gvhvi wMq gvhvi kvwqZ ewì wbKU cv_bv Kib| Zvì wbKU mgmv gUvbvi Avvi Kib| Zviv hb Lywk
nq mgmv gUvbvi eev Kib GB Avkvq cv_bvi c~e bhi, gvbZ, DrmM, fU, UvKv-cqmv, mvR`v, `b BZvw` ck
Kiv nq| G KwVb wkiK _K AvZiv Kiv gywgbi AbZg KvR| wkiK _K gy nZ bv cvij evwK mKj KgB e_|
Ab asm _K gywi Kvbv Dcvq _vKe bv|
GLvb jYxq h Kvwdi gykwiK I cwjK mgvRi gZv Avgvì `ki gvbylivI mvaviYZ Kvbv cvijwKK ev
AvavwZK DbwZ ev ghv`vi Rb G mKj Kei, gvhvi ev ìevi hvb bv| Avcbvi mgvRi AvbvP KvbvP Qovbv AMwYZ
gvhvi wMq `Leb mKjB cvw_e wec` Avc`, mvb, ivMewa, gvgjv BZvw` RvMwZK mgmvi `Z wbw I nvRZ
c~iYi Rb G mKj vb bhi, gvbZ BZvw` wbq nvwRiv `b| `yPvi Rb gvbyl hviv AvavwZK DbwZi Rb whqviZ Kib,
Zuviv bhi, gvbZ BZvwì avi avib bv| bxie whqviZ Ki Pj hvb|
w
w
.a
ss
G eBqi cwimi Kei `yAv Kw`K wkiKi welq wevwiZ AvjvPbv me nQ bv| Avgvi Gn&BqvDm mybvb
M Avwg G welq wKQy AvjvPbv KiwQ|5 GQvov KziAvb-mybvni AvjvK Bmjvgx AvKx`v eBwUZ wkiK welq wevwiZ
AvjvPbv KiwQ|6 GLvb GZUzKzB ejZ PvB h, Dcii AMwYZ nv`xm ivm~jyjvn aygv Avjvni KvQB cv_bv KiZ
wkwLqQb| Kv_vI KLbv NyYviI ejbwb h, Kvbv cKvi wec` A_ev QvULvU cqvRb Avjvn Qvov Kviv KvQ Zvgiv
cv_bv Kie, A_ev Kviv Kei wMq Avjvni KvQ PvBe| Dci KwVbfve evievi wbla KiQb Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv
KvQ PvBZ| wekl Ki Kei-Kw`K Bev`Z _K AZ KwVbfve wbla KiQb| KeiK K` KiB h wkiK cmvi
jvf Ki, Zv weklfve RvwbqQb| G aibi gvbylìK Awfkvc w`qQb|
mgvR AbK K_v cPwjZ AvQ| AgyK ew wec` co AgyK eyRMy K WKwQj, wZwb ZvK Dvi Ki w`qQb|
AgyK ew AgyKi gvhvi wMq `yAv Ki wec` KU wMqQ| GjvZ Kvb èb bv| wn`y, wLvb I mKj gykwiK
mgvRB G aibi K_v cPwjZ|
fveZ eo AevK jvM, G mKj jvKgyLi K_v AbK gymjgvb KZ mnR wekvm Kib! A_P KziAvb I nv`xmi K_vq
Zuvì Avv Avm bv| Avjvn I Zuvi gnvb ivm~j AMwYZ NUbvq ejQb h, AgyK, AgyK Avjvni KvQ cv_bv Ki wec` gy
nqQ| BDb~m (Av) gvQi cU KwVbZg wec` AvjvnK WK wec` gy njb| G K_vq Avv iL Giv AvjvnK WvKZ Pvb
bv| Awi nq wkiKi ga wbcwZZ nb|
wcq cvVK, KziAvb I nv`xmi weeiY Avv ivLyb| aygv AvjvnKB WvKzb| Zuvi ingZ _K Avv nviveb bv|
Contents

Avjvn AvgvìK wkiKi fqven AKvi _K iv Kib|
83
1. 16. ivm~jyjv ni mvjvZ-mvjvg vcK whKi

Avjvni whK&i-Gi GKwU wekl cKiY ivm~jjy vn () -Gi Dci mvjvZ (ì`) I mvjvg cvV Kiv| mvjvZ I mvjvg
cv_bv g~jK whK&ii AbZg| GZ gywgb Avjvni iY Kib Ges cv_bv Kib h, wZwb hb Zuvi bexi Dci mvjvZ I mvjvg
ciY Kib| mvjvZ-mvjvg cvVKvix whK&ii mvaviY dhxjZ ARb Kieb| Dci mvjvZ I mvjvgi wekl iZ I ghv`v
iqQ, hv Avgiv G AbyQ` AvjvPbvi Pv Kie|
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
1. 16. 1. mvjvZ I mvjvg : A_ I Awfew

evsjv fvlvq wewfb Bmjvgx ki dvmx cwZk eenvii dj AbK mgq Avgiv KziAvb-nv`xm eeZ g~j Aviex
cwifvlv nvwiq dwj| G mKj cwifvlvi AbZg mvjvZ| gymwjg Rxebi AbZg `ywU Bev`Z mvjvZ bvg cwiwPZ;
c_gwU: Bmjvgi wZxq , Bmjvgi AbZg Bev`Z mvjvZ, hv Avgiv evsjvq dvmx cwZk bvgvh ej AwfwnZ Kwi|
wZxqwU: gvbeZvi gywi `~Z, Avjvni wcqZg I kZg bex gynvv` -Gi Rb mvjvZ ciY Kiv, hvK Avgiv evsjvq
dvmx k ì` ej _vwK|
PZz_ wnRix kZKi cLvZ fvlvwe` Beb `yivB`: Avey eKi gynvv` web mvBb (321 wn) wjLQb : mvjvZ ki
g~j: `yAv ev cv_bv| mvwj AvjvBwn A_vr, Zvi Rb `yAv Ki|1
G kZKi Ab fvlvwe` Avng` Beb dvwim (395wn) ejb: G avZzwUi 2wU g~j A_ iqQ: GKwU A_ Avb ev
Avb RvZxq Dvc ... BZvw` evaK| wZxq A_ GK aibi Dcvmbv| ... wZxq A_ mvjvZ ki A_ `yAv| ... Avi
Avjvni c _K mvjvZ A_ ingZ|...2
G mgqi Ab fvlvwe` BmgvCj web nvv` RvInvix (398 wn) ejb: mvjvZ ki A_ `yAv ev cv_bv| Avjvni c
_K mvjvZi A_: ingZ ev KiYv| GQvov Avb cvovb ev SjmvbKI mvjvZ ejv nq|3
Abvb mKj fvlvwe` G K_vjvB ejQb| Zuviv ejQb, mvjvZ ki A_ ingZ I eiKZi Rb `yAv Kiv,
gv cv_bv Kiv| Bmjvgi wZxq mvjvZK (bvgvh) mvjvZ bvgKiYi KviY G Bev`Zi g~j Avjvni KvQ cv_bv Kiv,
Zuvi KiYv I gv wfv Kiv| Avjvni c _K mvjvZ c`vbi A_ ingZ, KiYv I eiKZ c`vb| Avjvni c _K Zuvi
ivm~j -K mvjvZ c`vb ev mvjvZ ciYi A_ ZuvK ingZ c`vb, mevg ghv`v I cksmv c`vb| wdwikZviv Kviv Dci
mvjvZ ciY KiQb A_ Zuviv Avjvni KvQ D ewi Rb ingZi, ghv`v I gv Pq cv_bv KiQb| Kvbv gvbyl
AbK mvjvZ c`vb ev ciY KiQ ejZ eySvb nq m ZuvK ghv`v I mvb c`vb KiQ, Zuvi Rb ingZ, gv I ghv`vi
`yAv KiQ|4
1. 16. 2. KziAvb Kixg mvjvZ
Avjvn myenvbv Iqv ZvAvjv ejb:
w
w
.a
n wekvmxMY, Zvgiv ewk ewk Ki Avjvn iY (whK&i) Ki Ges cfvZ I weKvj Zuvi cweZv (Zvmexn) Ki|
wZwb Zvgvì Dci mvjvZ c`vb Kib Ges Zuvi wdikZvMYI; hb ZvgvìK AKvi _K AvjvZ ei Ki wbq
Avmb|5
Bgvg Zvevix ejb: Avjvn mvjvZ (ì`) c`vb Kib A_: wZwb ZuvìK `qv Kib, gv Kib, Zvì cksmv
Qwoq `b Ges mvwbZ Kib| wdwikZvMY gywgbMYK mvjvZ (ì`) c`vb Kib A_: Zuviv Zvì Rb Avjvni KvQ
KiYv, gv I eiKZ Pq cv_bv Kib|6
G Qvov Kvbv Kvbv gywgbi Rb weklfve mvjvZi DjL iqQ| wec` Avc` hviv ah-aviYKvixì welq
Avjvn ejb:
Contents

G mKj gvbylì Rb iqQ Zvì cwZcvjKi c _K mvjvZ-mg~n (AMwYZ KiYv, gv, eiKZ I
my-cmsmv1) Ges ingZ Ges ZuvivB myc_cv|2
nv`xm kixd ivm~jjy vn ejb:
84

wbq Avjvn Ges wdwikZvMY mvjvZ c`vb Kib (mvjvZi) KvZvii Wvb w`K AevbKvixì Dci| nv`xmwU
nvmvb|
mevcwi, Avjvn I Zuvi wdwikZvMY ivm~jyjvn -Gi Dci mvjvZ c`vb Kib Ges wekvmxìK mvjvZ I mvjvgi wb`k
w`q Avjvn ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
wbq Avjvn Ges Zuvi wdwikZvMY mvjvZ c`vb Kib bexi Dci| n wekmxMY, Zvgiv Zuvi Dci mvjvZ `vI Ges
mvjvg `vI|4
Bgvg Zvevix ejb: Avjvn mvjvZ c`vb Kib A_: wZwb Zuvi bexK ingZ Kib, mevg ghv`v c`vb Kib,
eiKZ `vb Kib, Zuvi mycksmv I ghv`v wekvevmxi ga Qwoq `b| Avi wdwikZvMY mvjvZ `b A_: Zuviv Zuvi Rb Avjvni
KvQ Gjvi cv_bv Kib|5
GLvb Avjvn wekvmxì wb`k w`jb Zuvi wcqZg ivm~ji Dci mvjvZ I mvjvgi| KvDK mvjvg c`vb Kij ZuvK
mvb c`vb Kiv nq| mvnvexMY AvM _KB ZuvK mvjvg w`q AvmwQjb| mvjvg c`vbi Bmjvgx cwZ Zuvì mycwiwPZ: Avmmvjvgy AvjvBKzg ...| wK ZuvK Zuviv wKfve mvjvZ Rvbveb? mvjvZ Zv `yAv Kiv| wZwbB Zv Zuvì Rb `yAv Kieb, Zuviv
wKfve mwi miv mvBq`yj gyimvjxbK `yAv Kieb| wKsKZeweg~o nq cojb mvnvevq Kivg| wKfve Zuviv G AvqvZi
wb`k cvjb Kieb| Aekl Zuviv ivm~jyjvn -K ck Kijb|
whK&i bs 27 : ì` Beivnxgx-1

(

( )

)

(

( )

)

.

w
w
.a
ss
A_ : n Avjvn Avcwb (Avcbvi ev`v I Avcbvi ivm~j) (Dx bex) gynvv` I Zuvi cwiRbi Dci mvjvZ ciY
Kib hgb Avcwb mvjvZ c`vb KiQb Beivnxg I Zuvi cwiRbi Dci, wbq Avcwb gnvckswmZ gnvmvwbZ| Ges Avcwb
eiKZ c`vb Kib (Avcbvi ev`v I Avcbvi ivm~j) (Dx bex) gynvvì Dci Ges gynvvì cwiRbi Dci hgb Avcwb
eiKZ c`vb KiQb Beivnxgi Dci Ges Beivnxgi cwiRbi Dci| wbq Avcwb gnvckswmZ gnv mvwbZ |
Ave~ gvmE` eìx (iv), Kve web AvRyiv (iv) cgLy mvnvex ejb, Dcii AvqvZwU bvwhj nj ivm~jyjv n ()
mvnvexMYK Gfve mvjvZ cvV wkv `b| DjL h, wewfb mnxn nv`xm gynvvw`b-Gi ci Avew`Kv Iqv ivm~wjKv
(Avcbvi ev`v Ges Avcbvi ivm~j) weklY ejv nqQ| Abvb mnxn ev nvmvb nv`xm gynvvw`b-Gi ci Avb-bvwewqj
Dwwq (Dx bex) k`ywU DjL Kiv nqQ|6
A_: n Avjvn Avcwb gynvv` I Zuvi cwiRbi Dci mvjvZ ciY Kib hgb Avcwb mvjvZ c`vb KiQb
Beivnxgi cwiRbi Dci, wbq Avcwb gnv ckswmZ gnv mvwbZ| wbq Avcwb gnvckswmZ gnv mvwbZ | Ges Avcwb
eiKZ c`vb Kib gynvvì Dci Ges gynvvì cwiRbi Dci hgb Avcwb eiKZ c`vb KiQb Beivnxgi cwiRbi
Contents
85
Dci| wbq Avcwb gnvckswmZ gnv mvwbZ |
Kve (iv) ejb, mvnvexMY ejb, n Avjvni ivm~j, AvcbvK wKfve mvjvg wè Zv Zv Avgiv Rvwb, wK Avcbvi Dci
mvjvZ Avgiv wKfve c`vb Kie? ZLb wZwb ejjb, Zvgiv eje... wZwb G evKwj kLvb| G nv`xm (Kvgv mvjvBZv AvjvBeivnxgv) I (Kvgv- ev-ivKZv Avjv Beivnxgv) evK `ywU bB, mivmwi (Av-wj Beivnxgv) ejv nqQ|1
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: Avjvv ^vwj Avjv- gynvvw`b Iqv Avjv- AvhIqv-wRnx Iqv hyi&wiqv-wZnx Kvgv- ^vjvBZv Avjv Av-wj
Beiv-nxg| Iqv ev-wiK Avjv- gynvvw`b Iqv Avjv AvhIqv-wRnx Iqv hyiw& iqv-wZnx Kvgv- ev-ivK&Zv Avjv Av-wj Beiv-nxg|
A_: n Avjvn, mvjvZ c`vb Kib gynvvì Dci Ges Zuvi xMY I Zuvi mvbmwZMYi Dci, hgb Avcwb
mvjvZ c`vb KiQb Beivnxgi cwiRbì Dci| Ges Avcwb eiKZ c`vb Kib gynvvì Dci Ges Zuvi xMY I Zuvi
mvbmwZMYi Dci, hgb Avcwb eiKZ c`vb KiQb Beivnxgi cwiRbì Dci|
Ave~ gvB` mvqx`x (iv) ejb, mvnvexMY ejb: n Avjvni ivm~j, Avgiv wKfve Avcbvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kie?
ZLb wZwb Gfve mvjvZ cvV KiZ wkv `b|2
nv`xm kixd Avgiv `LZ cvB Aviv AbK mvnvexB G AvqvZ bvwRj nIqvi ci ivm~j AvKivg -Gi KvQ
mvjvZ c`vbi cwZ wRvmv KiQb|3 Avi wZwb Zuvì mKjKB ì` Beivwngx wkv w`qQb| fvlvi Gic
mvgvb Kg-ewk AvQ|
Avjvgv Bebyj Avmxi gyevivK web gynvv` (606 wn) ejQb: Avjvn ZvAvjv AvgvìK Zuvi wcqZg bexi () Dci
mvjvZ c`vbi wb`k `b| wK Avgiv Zv Zuvi ghv`v Abyaveb KiZ cvie bv, Zuvi cwZ Avgvì KZeI cyiv eySZ cvie bv|
ZvB Avgiv G `vwqZ Avevi gnvb AvjvnKB w`jvg, Avgiv ejjvg: n Avjvn Avcwb Zuvi Dci mvjvZ c`vb Kib, KviY Zuvi ghv`v
mK AvcwbB fvj AeMZ AvQb| wZwb Aviv ejb: Avgiv hLb ewj: Avjvv mvwj Avjv gynvv`, n Avjvn gynvvì
Dci mvjvZ ciY Kib, Zvi A_: n Avjvn, `ywbqvZ Zuvi mvb cwZv Ki, Zuvi xbK cwZwZ Ki, Zuvi kixqZK ndvRZ
Ki ZuvK mevP ghv`vq f~wlZ Kib Ges AvLivZ Zuvi kvdvAvZ Keyj Ki, ZuvK mevg cyivi c`vb Ki ZuvK ghv`vgq
Kib|4
1. 16. 3. nv`xm kixd mvjvZ I mvjvg
nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv RvbZ cvwi h, ivm~jyjv n -Gi Dci mvjvZ I mvjvg cvV Kiv AZ iZc~Y Bev`Z|
eZ mwi miv, mKj hyMi mKj gvbyli k gvbyl, Avjvni wcqZg ez, nvexe, Ljxj I ivm~j AvRxeb K Ki Avgvì
Rb Avjvni k wbqvgZ cvw_e I cvijwKK Rxebi kvw I mdjZvi GKgv c_ BmjvgK gvbe RvwZi Rb cuQ w`q
wMqQb| Zuvi Rb h gvbe mvb Avjvni KvQ ghv`v I ingZi cv_bv bv Kie, Zuvi Dci h gvbyl mvjvg bv cvVve m gvbyl
gvbe RvwZi Kj| GKRb gvbyli b~bZg ciYv nIqv DwPZ h, m Zvi BnjwKK I cvijwKK gyw I kvwi evZvevnK
gynvv`yi ivm~jyjvn () -Gi Dci `qi meUzKz ì` w`q mvjvZ I mvjvg cvV Kie, Zuvi kvw, ghv`v I ingZi Rb
Avjvni wbKU cv_bv Kie| Avjvn ZuvK mevg ghv`v `vb KiQb| wK gvbe mvbi `vwqZ Zuvi Rb cv_bv Kiv|
1. 16. 3. 1. mvjvZ cvVi iZ I dhxjZ
ivm~jyjvn -Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV Avgvì `vwqZ| wZwb Avgvì Rb hv KiQb Avgiv Rxeb wewjq w`jI Zuvi
mvgvbZg cwZ`vb w`Z cvie bv| KviY Avgiv nqZ Avgvì msw RxebUv wewjq w`jvg, wK wZwb Zv Avgvì cvw_e I
cvijwKK Ab Rxebi mdjZvi c_ `LvZ Zuvi gnvb RxebK DrmM KiQb| ZvB ivm~jyjvn -Gi cwZ Avgvì b~bZg
`vwqZ h Avgiv m`v me`v Zuvi mevP ghv`vi Divi ewi Rb Avjvni KvQ cv_bv Kie| wK gnvb iveyj Avjvgxbi `qv
`Lyb, Zuvi nvexei cwZ Zuvi mvb c`kbi GKwU w`K G-B h, hwÌ mvjvZ cvV Avgvì `vwqZ ZeyI GZ gnvb Avjvn GZv
Lywk nb h Gi Rb Adzi cyivi `vb Kib| mvjvZi cyivimg~ni AbZg wbgi 6 cKvi cyivi:
(1). Avjvn `qv, gv I ghv`v ew Kieb
Avyjv n Beb gvmE` (iv) ejQb : ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
Contents
86
Zvgiv Avgvi Dci mvjvZ co; KviY h ew Avgvi Dci GKevi mvjvZ cvV Kie Avjvn ZvK 10 evi mvjvZ (ingZ)
Kieb|
Avey eyi`v Beby wbqvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb:

.

Avgvi DvZi KD hw` Ai _K BLjvm I wbvi mv_ GKevi mvjvZ cvV Ki, Avjvn m mvjvZwUi wewbgq
Zvi 10wU ghv`v ew Kieb, 10wU mvIqve wjLeb Ges 10wU Mvbvn gv Kieb|2
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb:
om
.c
h ew Avgvi Dci GKevi mvjvZ cvV Kie Avjvn ZvK 10 evi mvjvZ (ingZ) Kieb, Zuvi 10wU cvc gv
Kiv ne Ges Zuvi ghv`v 10wU i evwoq Ìqv ne| nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn|3
Avey Zvjnv (iv) ejb, GKw`b mKvj ivm~jjy vn -K AZ Avbw`Z-wP `Lv Mj| mvnvexMY ejjb, n
Avjvni ivm~j, AvR Avcwb LyeB Avb`wP| wZwb ejjb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
nuv, Avgvi cfiy wbKU _K GK`~Z Gm AvgvK ejQb : Avcbvi DZi Kvbv ew hw` Avcbvi Dci mvjvZ
cvV Ki, Zvnj Avjvn Zuvi Rb 10wU mvIqve wjLeb, Zuvi 10 wU Mvbvn gv Ki wèb, Zuvi Rb `kwU ghv`v ew Ki
wèb Ges Zuvi Rb wVK Abyic mvjvZ (ingZ I ghv`v) wdwiq èb| nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb| 4
Ab nv`xm Avey Zvjnv ejb: GKw`b ivm~jyjvn AZ Avbw`Z Pnvivq Avgvì KvQ Avmjb| Avgiv ck
Kij wZwb ejjb: Avgvi KvQ wdwikZv Gm ejb , Avcbvi cfy ejQb
w
w
.a
ss
Avcwb wK Lywk bb h, KD Avcbvi Dci 1 evi mvjvZ w`j Avwg Zuvi Dci 10 evi mvjvZ wè| Avi KD Avcbvi
Dci 1 evi mvjvg w`j Avwg Zuvi Dci 10 evi mvjvg wè| nv`xmwU nvmvb|5
Avyi ingvb web AvDd (iv) ejb: GKw`b ivm~jjy vn evBi hvb, AvwgI ZuvK AbymiY Kwi| wZwb GKwU LRyii
evMvb cek Kib Ges mvR`vq hvb| wZwb mvR`v iZ Aevq `xN mgq AwZevwnZ Kib, dj Avwg fq cvB h, mvR`v iZ
Aevq Zuvi BKvj nq Mj wKbv? GRb Avwg KvQ Gm bRi Kwi| wZwb gv_v Zzj ejb : Avyi ingvb, Zvgvi Kx nqQ?
ZLb Avwg Avgvi (gbi fqi) K_v ZuvK Rvbvjvg| wZwb ejjb : wReivCj AvgvK ejjb: Avcwb wK GRb Lywk bb h, Avjvn
ejQb :
Avcbvi Dci h mvjvZ (ì`) cvVve AvwgI Zvi Dci mvjvZ (ingZ, eiKZ) cvVve, Avi h Avcbvi Dci mvjvg
cvVve Avwg Zvi Dci mvjvg cvVve| (wZwb ejb) Avi G Rb Avwg KZZvi mvR`v Kwi|6
Avyjv n web Avgi (iv) ejb: ivm~jyjv n ejb:
Contents
87
hLb Zvgiv gyqvhwhbK (Avhvb w`Z) be ZLb m hv hv eje ZvgivI Zv eje, Gici Zvgiv
Avgvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kie ; KviY h Avgvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kie Avjvn ZuvK GKwU mvjvZi wewbgq 10 evi mvjvZ
(ingZ, ghv`v, eiKZ) c`vb Kieb| Gici Zvgiv Avgvi Rb Avjvni KvQ Imxjv cv_bv Kie ; Imxjv RvbvZi Ggb
GKwU ghv`vi vb hv aygv Avjvni GKRb ev`vB jvf Kieb, Avwg Avkv Kwi AvwgB Zv jvf Kie| h ew Avgvi Rb
Imxjv cv_bv Kie Zuvi Rb kvdvqvZ cvc ne|1
whK&i bs 30 : gvmb~b mvjvZ
om
DPviY: Avjv-v mvwj Avjv- gynvvw`b, Avew`Kv Iqv ivm~wjKv, Iqv mvwj Avjvj gywgbxbv Iqvj gywgbv-Z, Iqvj
gymwjgxb Iqvj gymwjgv-Z|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb mvjvZ ciY Kib Avcbvi ev`v I ivm~j gynvvì Dci, Ges mvjvZ ciY Kib mKj
gywgb cyil, gywgb bvix, gymwjg cyil I gymwjg bvixi Dci|
Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ()ejQb :
.c
...

un
na
ht
ru
st
Kvbv gymwjgi KvQ hw` `vb Kivi wKQyB bv _vK Ze Zvi DwPZ `yAvi ga G K_vjv (mvjvZwU) ejv; Zvnj G
mvjvZ Zuvi Rb hvKvZ îc MY ne (m `vb Kivi mvIqve ARb Kie)|
nv`xmwUi mb` `yejZv _vKjI, Zv AbyavebhvM Ges mvLvex nv`xmwUK nvmvb ejQb| 2
(2). wdwikZviv ingZ I ghv`vi Rb `yAv Kieb
mvjvZ cvVi cyivii AviKwU w`K Avjvni mvwbZ wdwikZvMY mvjvZ cvVKvixi Rb `yAv Kib| Avwgi web
ivweqv (iv) ejQb: Avwg ivm~jjy vn () -K LyZevq ejZ bwQ h :

h ew Avgvi Dci mvjvZ (ì`) cvV Kie, hZY h mvjvZ cvV KiZ _vKe ZZY wdikZvMY Zuvi Rb
mvjvZ (`yAv) KiZ _vKeb, AZGe Kvbv ev`v PvBj Zv ewk Ki KiK A_ev Kg Ki KiK| nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb ev
MnYhvM|3
Ab nv`xm Avyjvn web Avgi (iv) ejQb :
ss
w
w
.a
KD ivm~jyjvn -Gi Dci GKevi mvjvZ cvV Kij Avjvn Ges Zuvi wdwikZvMY Zuvi Dci mi evi mvjvZ (ingZ I `yAv)
Kib|4
(3). mvjvZ ivm~jyjv ni () KvQ cuQvb ne
mvjvZ cvVi cyivii 3q w`K , mvjvZ ivm~jyjvn -Gi KvQ cuQvb ne| Ab Kvbv cijvKMZ gvbyli Rb
`yAv Kiv nj Zv Avjvn nqZ Keyj Kieb Ges hvi Rb `yAv Kiv nqQ ZvK wewbgq ghv`v ev cyY `vb Kieb| wK
wZwb nqZ `yAvKvixi welq wevwiZ Rvbeb bv| wK ivm~jjy vn -Gi Dci mvjvZ cvVKvixi mKj cyivii AwZwi
Avb` G h, Zuvi bvg I cwiPqmn Zuvi mvjvZ ivm~jyjvn -K cuQvb ne| wewfb mnxn nv`xm _K Avgiv Rvwb, h Kvbv
gymwjg `ywbqvi hLvbB _vK bv Kb, `yywbqvi h cv _KB m mvjvZ cvV KiK bv Kb, Zuvi mvjvZ g`xbv gybvIqvivq
ivm~jjy vn -Gi KvQ Zuvi Kei gyevivK cuQvb ne| Dci Kvbv Kvbv nv`xm GicI ejv nqQ h, ivm~jjy vn
mvjvZ cvVKvixi Rb `yAv Kieb|
AvDm web AvDm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb:
Contents
88
Zvgvì w`bjvi ga mevg w`b evi| Gw`bB Av`gK mw Kiv nqQ, Gw`bB wZwb gZzeiY KiQb,
Gw`bB wmsMv dzK Ìqv ne, Gw`bB wKqvgZ ne| KvRB G w`b Zvgiv Avgvi Dci ewk Ki mvjvZ cvV Kie, KviY
Zvgvì mvjvZ Avgvi KvQ ck Kiv ne| mvnvexMY ejb : n Avjvni ivm~j, Avcwb Zv (Keii gvwUZ) wejy nq
hveb, wgk hveb, wKfve ZLb Avgvì mvjvZ Avcbvi wbKU ck Kiv ne? wZwb ejb : gnvb Avjvn gvwUi Rb wbwl
KiQb bexì `n fY Kiv| nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn|1
Ab GKwU nv`xm Avey ivBiv ejQb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb :
( )

om
KD Avgvi Keii wbKU _K Avgvi Dci mvjvZ ejj Avwg bZ cvB| Avi hw` KD `~i _K Avgvi Dci mvjvZ
ej Ze AvgvK Zv Rvbvb nq| nv`xmwUi mb` LyeB `yej| Ze GKvwaK mgv_K eYbvi KviY Kvbv Kvbv gynvwm nv`xmwUK
nvmvb ej MY KiQb|2
ivm~jjy vn Zuvi DvZK h hLvb Aevb Kie mLvb _KB mvjvZ-mvjvg cvV KiZ wb`k w`qQb Ges
Zvì mvjvZ-mvjvg Zuvi KvQ cuQvb ne ej wbwZ KiQb| G welq Zuvi wcqZg bvZx Bgvg mvBb, Avey ivBiv cgyL
mvnvex (iv) Zuvi _K wewfb nv`xm eYbv KiQb| Bgvg mvBb (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
Zvgiv hLvbB _vKbv Kb Avgvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Ki, KviY Zvgvì mvjvZ Avgvi KvQ cuQvb ne|
nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb|3
Bgvg nvmvb web Avjx (iv) ejQb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
Zvgiv Zvgvì evwoZ emB mvjvZ Av`vq Kie, Zvgvì evwojvK Kei evwbq dje bv| Avi Avgvi
evwoKI C` (C`Mvn ev Avb` ev mgveki vb) evwbq dje bv| Zvgiv (Zvgvì evwoZB) Avgvi Dci mvjvZ I
mvjvg cvVvI, KviY Zvgiv hLvbB _vK bv Kb Zvgvì mvjvZ I mvjvg Avgvi KvQ cuQ hvq|4
Ab nv`xm Avey ivBivi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
w
w
.a
ss
Zvgiv Avgvi KeiK C` evbve bv Ges Zvgvì evwojvK Kei evbve bv, hLvbB _vKbv Kb Avgvi Dci
mvjvZ cvV Kie; KviY Zvgvì mvjvZ Avgvi KvQ cuQ hve| nv`xmwU nvmvb|5
Avjvni KZ `qv! wekbex gynvv`yi ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi DZ weki wewfb cv _vKe, KRbi RbB ev me ne
g`xbvq wMq mvjvZ I mvjvg cvVi| ZvB Zvì w`jb Adzi wbqvgZ| wbR Ni em DZ mvjvg Rvbve, mvjvZ cvV
Kie, Avi Avjvni wdwikZvMY Zv ivm~j AvKivg ()-Gi cwe Kei cuQ èb|
mvjvZ I mvjvg Zuvi KvQ cuQvbvi wbqZvi cvkvcvwk GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, mvjvZ cvVKvixi bvg I
cwiPqI ivm~jjy vn - K Rvbvb nq| Avi web Bqvwmi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:

.

gnvb Avjvn Avgvi Kei GKRb wdwikZv wbqvM KiQb, hvK mKj mwi keYkw c`vb Kiv nqQ, wKqvgZ
ch hLbB Kvbv ew Avgvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kie ZLbB m wdwikZv AvgvK mvjvZ cvVKvixi bvg I Zuvi wcZvi bvg
DjL Ki AvgvK Zuvi mvjvZ cuQ w`q eje: AgyKi Qj AgyK Avcbvi Dci mvjvZ ciY KiQ|
nv`xmwUi mb` `yejZv AvQ| Ze G A_ Aviv KqKwU `yej mbì nv`xm Avjvgv mvLvex Zuvi mvjvZ welqK eB
1
bvmvC (14-wKZveyj RygAv, 5-eve BKmvwim mvjvZ..) 2/101, bs 1371, (fv. 1/154) Beb gvRvn (5-wKZvey BKvgvwZm mvjvZ, 79-eveyb dx dv`wjj RygyAv) 1/345,
Contents
89
Avj-KvIjyj ev`xq M DjL KiQb, h mKj nv`xm _K eySv hvq mvjvZ cvVKvixi mvjvZ hLb ivm~jyjvn
-Gi ìevi ck Kiv nq ZLb mvjvZ cvVKvixi bvg I wcZvi bvgmn Zvi cwiPq Zuvi ìevi ck Kiv nq| GKB welq
KqKwU `yej ev hqxd nv`xm ewYZ nj welqwU MnYhvMZv jvf Ki, hvK gynvwmMY nvmvb wjMvBwinx ejb| G
nv`xmwUI Gfve nvmvb ev MnYhvM ej MY|1
Avgiv Abvb mnxn nv`xmi AvjvK RbwQ h, Avgvì mvjvZ ivm~jjy vn -Gi ìevi cuQvb nq| cii
nv`xmjvi AvjvK Avgiv Aviv Avkv KiwQ h, Avgvì mvjvZ Zuvi ìevi cuQvbi mgq Avgvì I Avgvì wcZvì
bvgI Zuvi gyeviK ìevi DPvwiZ nq| Avgvì Rb Gi Pq Miei I Avbì welq Avi Kx nZ cvi?
(4). ivm~jjy v n () mvjvZ cvVKvixi Rb `yAv Kieb

wK wcq cvVK, Gi PqI Avbì welq AvcbvK RvbvwQ| Avbvm web gvwjK (iv) ejQb , ivm~jyjvn ejQb
:
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
KD Avgvi Dci GKevi mvjvZ (ì`) coj Avwg Zuvi Dci 10 evi mvjvZ (`yAv) Kwi| nv`xmwUi eYbvKvixMY
wbfihvM|2
mvjvZ cvVKvixi Rb Gi Pq Lywki Lei Avi Kx nZ cvi h, ^qs ivm~jjy vn () Zuvi Rb `yAv Kieb| ay ZvB
bq GKei ìì Rb wZwb 10 evi `yAv Kieb| myenv-bvjvn ! KZ eo cyivi!!
(5). ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi kvdvqvZ jvfi Imxjv
wewfb nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv RvbZ cvwi h, mvjvZ cvVKvixi Rb AvLivZi gyw, ivm~jyjv n -Gi kvdvqvZ I
RvbvZi mymsev` iqQ| Avey `vi`v (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :

h ew mKvj Avgvi Dci 10 evi mvjvZ (ì`) cvV Kie Ges mvq 10 evi Avgvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kie,
wKqvgZi w`b Avgvi kvdvqvZ jvfi mfvM Zuvi ne| nv`xmwUi mb` MnYhvM|3
whK&i bs 31 : AviKwU gvmb~b mvjvZ
ss
DPviY: Avjv-v, ^vwj Avjv- gynvvw`b, Iqv Avbwhjj gvKAv`vj gyKv i&ivev Bb`vKv BqvIgvj wKqvgvn|
A_: n Avjvn gynvvì Dci mvjvZ (ì`) ciY Kib Ges ZuvK wKqvgZi w`b Avcbvi bKUcv Aevb
AeZxY Kib|
.a
iAvBwd web mvweZ Avbmvix (iv) ejb: ivm~jyjvn ejQb:

...
w
w
h ew Dcii K_vjv (mvjvZwU) eje, Zvi Rb Avgvi kvdvqvZ cvIbv ne| nv`xmwUi mb` GKRb `yej
ivex iqQb, Ze Avjvgv nvqmvgx I gybwhix nv`xmwUK nvmvb ev MnYhvM ejQb|4
Ab nv`xm Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejb:
wKqvgZi w`b gvbylì ga _K m ew Avgvi mePq wbKUeZx (Avgvi kvdvqZi mePq ewk nK`vi) ne,
h mePq ewk Avgvi Dci mvjvZ (ì`) cvV Ki| nv`xmwU nvmvb|5 Ab GKwU `yej mbì nv`xm ejv nqQ :

hw` KD w`b 1 nvRvi evi Avgvi Dci mvjvZ (ì`) cvV Ki Zvnj RvbvZ Zuvi Aevb j bv `L Zuvi gZz
ne bv (gZzi c~eB Zvi RvbvZi Ni `Lvi mfvM ne)| nv`xmwUi mb` `yej|6
Contents

Ab nv`xm mvgyiv web Ryb`ye (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
90

Avwg MZ ivZ GKwU AyZ ^c `Ljvg (Zuvi ^cI Inx), Avwg `Ljvg Avgvi DZi GK ew cyj-wmivZi Dci
eyK nU PjQ, KLbv ev nvgvwo w`Q, KLbv ev Szj coQ, GgZvevq Avgvi Dci cvVKZ Zvi mvjvZ Gm ZvK
mvRvfve wmivZi Dci mvRv `ycvq ùv o Kwiq w`j Ges ZvK Dvi Kij|
Bebyj KvBqg I mvLvexi AvjvPbv _K eySv hvq h, nv`xmwUi mb` `yejZv _vKjI Zv gvUvgywU MnYhvM ev
AvjvPbvhvM|1
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
(6). Avjvn mKj mgmv I `ywv wgwUq èb

DevB web Kve (iv) ejb: ivZi `yB-ZZxqvsk AwZv nj ivm~jjy v n ùvwoq ejZb: n gvbyliv, Zvgiv Avjvni
whK&i Ki, wKqvgZ Gm MQ! wKqvgZ Gm MQ! gZz Zvi AvbylwK welqvw` wbq Gm DcwZ! gZz Zvi AvbylwK welqvw` wbq
Gm DcwZ! Avwg ejjvg: n Avjvni ivm~j, Avwg Avcbvi Dci AbK mvjvZ (ì`) cvV Kwi, Avwg (Avgvi mKj `yAvi) Kx
cwigvY Ask Avcbvi mvjvZ (ì`) wnme wbavwiZ Kie? wZwb ejjb: Zvgvi hv BQv nq| Avwg ejjvg: GK PZz_v sk? wZwb
ejjb: Zvgvi hv BQv, Ze hw` Aviv ewk Ki Zvnj Zv Zvgvi Rb Dg ne| Avwg ejjvg: AaK? wZwb ejjb: Zvgvi hv
BQv, Ze hw` Aviv ewk Ki Zvnj Zv Zvgvi Rb Dg ne| Avwg ejjvg: `yB ZZxqvsk? wZwb ejjb: Zvgvi hv BQv, Ze
hw` Aviv ewk Ki Zvnj Zv Zvgvi Rb Dg ne| Avwg ejjvg: Avgvi mKj cv_bv I `yAv Avcbvi (mvjvZ cvVi) RbB
wbavwiZ Kie| ZLb wZwb ejjb :
Zvnj Zvgvi mKj wPv I DrKv `~i Kiv ne Ges Zvgvi cvcmg~n gv Kiv ne| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
nvevb web gybwKh (iv) ejQb, GK ew ej: n Avjvni ivm~j, Avwg Avgvi mvjvZi (`yAvi) GK ZZxqvsk
Avcbvi (mvjvZ cvVi) Rb wbaviY Kie wK? ivm~jyjvn ejjb: nuv, hw` PvI| jvKwU ejj : `yB ZZxqvsk? wZwb ejjb:
nuv, hw` PvI| jvKwU ejj: Avgvi mKj mvjvZ (`yAv) Avcbvi Rb wbavwiZ Kwi? ivm~jyjv n ejjb :
ss
Zvnj Avjvn Zvgvi `ywbqv I AvLivZi mKj DM DrKvi Aemvb NUveb (mKj cqvRb wgwUq wèb)|
nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb|3
w
w
.a
GKRb gymwjg hZ cvcxB nvb bv Kb, Zvi cvw_e ev cvijwKK h Kvbv mgmv, h Kvbv wec`-Avc`, h Kvbv
e`bv e_vq wZwb Avjvni ìevi cv_bv Kib| Avjvni ingZB Avgvì GKgv Avkqj| kZ cvci evSv gv_vq wbqI
Avgiv Avkv Kwi gnvb Avjvn `qv Ki Avgvì cv_bv Keyj Kieb Ges Avgvì mKj mgmv wgwUq wèb, Avgvì e`bv `~i
Kieb Ges Avgvì Avb` vqx Kieb|
ivm~jjy vn Dci mvjvZ cvV Avgvì cv_bv Keyj nIqvi AbZg Imxjv| Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb: Avwg mvjvZ
Av`vq KiwQjvg, Avi ivm~jyjvn , Avey eKi I Dgvi Zuvi mv_ wQjb| Avwg hLb (mvjvZi Zvkvnì eVK) emjvg
ZLb c_g Avjvni cksmv I Y eYbv Kijvg, Gici ivm~jyjv n -Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kijvg Ges Gici Avgvi wbRi
Rb cv_bv Kijvg| ZLb ivm~jyjvn ejjb:
GLb PvI, Zvgvi cvw_Z e ZvgvK Ìqv ne; PvI, Zvgvi cvw_Z e ZvgvK Ìqv ne| wZiwghx ejb:
nv`xmwU nvmvb mnxn|4
`yAvi AvM `yi` kixd cvV Drmvn c`vb Ki Aviv AbK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| `yAvi kl mvjvZ cvVi welq
Avjx (iv) _K Zuvi wbRi ee wnme Ges ivm~jjy vn Gi ee wnme ewYZ:
Contents
91
mKj `yAv c`vi Avovj _vKe (Avjvni ìevi MnxZ ne bv) hZY bv bexi Dci mvjvZ cvV bv
Kie| nv`xmwU nvmvb|1 Dgvi (iv) _KI nvmvb mb` Abyic K_v ewYZ nqQ|2
wZxq kZvxi Zve-Zveqx gynvwm Avey myjvBgvb Avyi ivngvb web myjvBgvb Av` `vivbx (gZz 197 wn) ejb: h ew
Avjvni KvQ Zvi Kvbv nvRZ ck KiZ Pvq Zvi DwPZ, m hb `yAvi iZ bexq ivngvZi Dci mvjvZ cvV Ki `yAv
i Ki, Gici Zuvi cv_bv Avjvni ìevi ck Ki Ges kl cybivq mvjvZ cvVi gvag Zvi `yAv kl Ki| KviY bexRxi
Dci mvjvZ Avjvn Keyj Kieb| Avi Avkv Kiv hvq, Avjvn mvjvZi gaeZx cv_bvI `qv Ki Keyj Ki beb|3
whK&i bs 32 : AviKwU gvmb~b mvjvZ
DPviY: Avjv-v ^vwj Avjv- gynvvw`b Ave&w`Kv Iqv bvwewqKv Iqv ivm~wjKvb bvwewqj Dwwq|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb mvjvZ w`b gynvvì Dci Avcbvi ev`v Ges Avcbvi bexGes Avcbvi ivm~j Dx bex|
Ave~ ivBiv (iv) _K `yej mb` ewYZ, ivm~jyjv n () ejb:
.c
om

...
un
na
ht
ru
st
hw` KD evi Avgvi Dci Avwk evi mvjvZ cvV Ki Ze Zvi Avwk eQii cvc gv Kiv ne| Avwg ejjvg:
wKfve Avcbvi Dci mvjvZ cvV KiZ ne? wZwb ejb... Dcii mvjvZwU|
nv`xmwU LZxe evM`v`x Iqvne Beby `vE` bvgK GK ewi m~ DZ Ki ejb, jvKwU wbfihvM wQjb bv|
Bebyj RvIhx nv`xmwUK AZ `yej Ges Avjevbx nv`xmwUK Rvj ej MY KiQb| G A_ AviKwU nv`xm `vivKzZbx
msKjb KiQb| `vivKzZbxi nv`xm RygyAvi w`b Avwk evi mvjvZ cvV Avwk eQii cvc gvi K_v ejv nqQ, Ze G
nv`xm mvjvZi evKwU bB| `vivKzZbxi nv`xmwUK Bgvg BivKx I Abvb gynvwm nvmvb ej MY KiQb| Abiv GK
hqxd ev `yej ej DjL KiQb| Kvbv Kvbv M G mvjvZi kl ( )Iqv mvwjg Zvmjxgvb Kvmxivb..
mshvwRZ| G AwZwi mshvwRZ evKwUi Kvbv mb` Avwg LuyR cvB wb|4
w
w
.a
ss
1. 16. 3. 2. mvjvg cvVi iZ I dhxjZ

mvjvZ ev ì` QvovI ivm~jyjvn -Gi cwZ Avgvì AviKwU KZe Zuvi cwZ mvjvg Rvbvb| Avjvn KziAvb
Kixg mvjvZ I mvjvg GKmv_ DjL KiQb| AvgivI mvaviYZ mvjvZ I mvjvg GK co _vwK| Dci AvjvwPZ
GKvwaK nv`xm mvjvZi mv_ mvjvgi DjL Kiv nqQ| GKwU nv`xm `LwQ h Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi nvexei mvb
ejQb h, hw` KD Avcbvi Dci 1 evi mvjvZ cvV Ki Ze Avwg Zuvi Dci 10 evi mvjvZ (ingZ I `qv) `vb Kie|
Avi hw` KD 1 evi Avcbvi Dci mvjvg Rvbvq Avwg Zuvi Dci 10 evi mvjvg RvbvB| Ab nv`xm Beby gvmE` (iv)
ejQb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
Avjvni wKQy wdwikZv AvQb hviv wek Nyi eovb, Avgvi DZi mvjvg Zuviv Avgvi KvQ cuQ `b| nv`xmwUi
mb` mnxn|5
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejQb , ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
hLbB KD AvgvK mvjvg Ki ZLbB Avjvn Avgvi inK Avgvi KvQ wdwiq `b, hb Avwg Zvi mvjvgi Di
w`Z cvwi|6
1. 16. 3. 3. mvjvgi gvmb~b evK
mvjvZi gvmb~b evKvw` Avgiv `LwQ| mvjvgi Rb ivm~jjy v n ()-Gi kLvbv evK Avgiv AvZ&ZvwnqvZz-i ga cvV
Contents
92
Kwi:

Avm-mvjvgy AvjvBKv AvBDnvb bvweqy Iqv ivngvZzjvwn Iqv evivKvZz|
n bex, Avcbvi Dci mvjvg, Avjvni ingZ I Zuvi eiKZmg~n|
mvnvexMY mvjvZ I mvjvg GKB evK cvV KiZb ej `Lv hvq| Avmgv webZz Avex evKi (iv) cwZwbqZ ejZb:
mvjvjv Avjv- ivm~wjnx Iqv mvjvgv: Avjvn Zuvi ivm~ji Dci mvjvZ I mvjvg c`vb Kib|1
mvnvex-ZvweqMY KLbv KLbv ivm~jyjvn -Gi bvg ev Dcvwa DjL Ki Ges Abvb bex ev wdwikZvi bvg DjL
Ki ejZb:
om
AvjvBwnm mvjvZz Iqvm mvjvg: Zuvi Dci mvjvZ I mvjvg|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
1. 16. 3. 4. mvjvZ I mvjvgi evKvewji iciLv

Avgiv `LwQ, gywgb h Kvbv fvlvq I evK Avjvni whKi ev cv_bv Kij wZwb g~j Bev`Zi mvIqve I dj cZ
cvib| Ze gywgbi k evmbv mKj welq ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi AbyKiY Kiv| whKi I `yAvi Zuvi kLvbv ev AvPwiZ
evKjv e eenvi gywgbi mevP Kvg I `vwqZ| GZ mvIqve I KeywjqvZi Avkv AbK ewk| mvnvex-ZvweqxMY gvmb~b
evKvewj eenvii cvkvcvwk KLbv KLbv Abvb evK eenvi KiZb| Ze mybvZi ewZg evK viv whKi, `yAv ev ì`mvjvg cvjb ixwZZ cwiYZ Kij gvmb~b evKvewji cwZ Abxnv Ges G welqK mybv Zi cwZ Aevi gbvfve Rb bq, gvmb~b
evKvewj ev mybvZi gZz NU Ges Gfve Ljvd mybvZ _K weÀvZi Rb nq| G g~jbxwZi wfwZ gvmb~b evKjvi
A_evaK h Kvbv evK ivm~jyjvn ()-K mvjvZ I mvjvg Rvbvbv hZ cvi| Ze gvmb~b evKvewji eenvi mevg| GmKj
evKi AvjvK mvjvZ-mvjvg Pvi fve Av`vq Kiv hvq:
(K) cv_bvvcK wqv viv: (...) : Avjvv ^vwj..Iqv mvwjg..: n Avjvn, Avcwb mvjvZ ev mvjvg
c`vb Kib..|
(L) AZxZ Kvji wqv viv: ( ...
): ^vjvjv ... Iqv mvjvgv ...: Avjvn mvjvZ ev mvjvg c`vb
Kijb...|
(M) weklcì evK viv: ( .. ... ) : ^vjvZzjvwn Iqv mvjvgy...Avjv... : Avjvni mvjvZ I
mvjvg ... Dci|
(N) ivm~jyjvn -K m^vab Kiv: ... / / Av^vjvZz Iqvm mvjvgy.. AvjvBKv,
Bqv ivm~jvjvn: Avcbvi Dci mvjvZ I mvjvg/ Avjvni mvjvZ I mvjvg, n Avjvni ivm~j|
mvjvZ-mvjvg welqK evKvewji wbgi welqwj jYxq:
(1) mvjvZi Zvkvn&n~`, ivm~jjy v n -Gi Rxekvq Zuvi mv_ mvvr Ges Zuvi IdvZi ci Zuvi Kei whqviZ: G wZb
Qvov Ab Kvbv mgq Kvbv mvnvex-Zvweqx, Kvbv Bgvg ev c_g kZvxjvZ KD ZuvK m^vab Ki mvjvZ ev mvjvg
ejQb ej Kvbvfve RvbZ cvwi wb| Zuviv me`v c_g wZb cwZZ mvjvZ I mvjvg c`vb KiZb|
(2) Avyjvn Beb gvmE` (iv) ejb: ivm~jyjvn AvgvK Zvkvn&` wkv `b: AvvwnqvZz ... Avm-mvjvgy AvjvBKv
AvBDnvbvweqy...

....hLb wZwb Avgì ga wQjb| Gici hLb wZwb gZz eiY Kijb ZLb Avgiv ejjvg: Avm-mvjvgy Avjvb bvwewq3
Gfve Zuvi IdvZi ci Zvkvn&Ì Zuviv ZuvK m^vab Ki mvjvg cwiZvM Kib|
(2) ivm~jjy vn - K m^vab Ki mvjvZ-mvjvg c`vbi Zvkvn&n`~ , mvvr I whqviZi mgq mvnvex-Zvweqx I
BgvgMY ay mvjvg ejZb: (Avm-mvjvgy AvjvBKv Bqv ivm~jvjvn)| Kvbv mvnvex, Zvweqx, Bgvg ev c_g kZvxjvi Kvbv
eyRyM G mvjvZ I mvjvg GK (Avm-mvjvZz Iqvm mvjvgy AvjvBKv ...) ejQb ej RvbZ cwi wb| G wZb Qvov
Zuviv c_g wZb cwZZ mvjvZ I mvjvg GK ejZb|
(3) ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi kLvbv mvjvZi evKjv, weklZ ì` Beivnxgxi evKwj ek `xN| AbK mgq gywgb
Contents
om
93
ewk ewk mvjvZ cvVi Dk QvU evK mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ Pvb| Avgiv `wL h, mvnvex-ZvweqxMY KLbv
KLbv msw evK mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb|
(4) ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi kLvbv mvjvZi mv_ mvjvg mshy bq| GjvZ ay mvjvZ cvV Kiv nq| gywgb ^fveZB
GKB mv_ mvjvZ I mvjvg cvV Ki `y cKvii dhxjZ ARb KiZ Pvb| Avgiv `Ljvg h, mvnvex-ZvweqxMY AbK mgq
mvjvZ I mvjvg GK cvV KiZb|
(5) wewfb gvmb~b mvjvZ ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi bvgi mv_ Dcvwa wnme Avb-bvwewqj Dwwq Ges Avew`Kv Iqv
ivm~wjKv mshy| mvnvex-ZvweqxMY KLbv Zuvi bvg (gynvv`), KLbv Zuvi Dcvwa (ivm~j, bex, bvwewqj Dwwq) Ges KLbv
bvg I Dcvaxmg~n GK (gynvvw`wbb& bvwewqj Dwwq, ivm~wjnx gynvv`...) ejZb|
(6) gvmb~b mvjvZjvZ ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi mv_ Zuvi Avj A_vr Abymvix I cwiRb Ges x I mvbMY-Gi
K_v DjL Kiv nqQ| mvnvex-ZvweqxMY Zuvì mvjvZ AwaKvsk mgq Gjvi DjL KiZb, KLbv ev ay ivm~jjy vn ()Gi bvg DjL KiZb|
(7) ZvweqxMY I cieZx hyMi Bgvg I dKxnMY mvjvZi ga mvnvexMY-Gi K_vI DjL KiZb| Avj kwU mKj
AbymvixKB eySvq, wK kxqvMY mvnvexMYK Awfkvc Ìqvi ixwZ cPjb Kivi KviY Zuviv mvjvZ-mvjvgi ga c_Kfve
mvnvexMYi K_v DjL KiZ _vKb|
Zuvì eenvii AvjvK wbgi evKjv ejv hvq:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
/
( ) (
)
(
)

. ...
Avjv-v, ^vwj Avjv (AvwKv Iqv ivm~wjKv) gynvvw`b (Avb-bvwewqj Dwwq) Iqv Av-wjnx (Iqv Avmnvwenx)
Iqv mvwjg| A_ev: Avjv-v ^vwj Iqv mvwjg Avjv ..... Av^nv-wenx|

/
( ) (

)
(
)
. ....
^vjvjv Avjv (Avwnx Iqv ivm~wjnx) gynvvw`b (Avb-bvwewqj Dwwq) Iqv Av-wjnx (Iqv Avmnvwenx) Iqv
mvjvg| A_ev: ^vjvjv Iqv mvjvgv Avjv ..... Av^nv-wenx|
( ) (

)
(
)
w
w
.a
ss
^vjvIqv-Zzjv wn Iqv mvjv-gy Avjv (Avwnx Iqv ivm~wjnx) gynvvw`b (Avb-bvwewqj Dwwq) Iqv Av-wjnx (Iqv
Avmnvwenx)|
me evKi A_B Avjvni KvQ Zuvi ivm~j (), Zuvi eskai I mvnvexMYi Rb mvjvZ Ges mvjvg cv_bv Kiv| G mKj
evKi mv_ Avjvn Ges Zuvi ivm~j ()-Gi KziAvb-nv`xm DjwLZ weklYvw` DjL Kiv hZ cvi| hgb: ^vjvjv- myenvbv
Iqv ZvAvjv- Avjv (nvexwenx/ Lvjxwjnx/ bvwewqi ivngvwZ/ Bgvwgj gyvKxb/ mvBwqw`j gyimvwjb..) gynvvw`b.. Iqv Av-wjnx (Iqv
Avmnvwenx) Iqv mvjvg|.... BZvw`|
1. 16. 4. mvjvZ (ì`) bv covi cwiYwZ
ivm~jyjvn Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kiv Avgvì KZe| Avgiv `Ljvg h, G KZe cvjbKvixi Rb iqQ Acwigq
cyivi| Avi G `vwqZ cvjb AenjvKvix wbtm`n weki mePq eo AKZ gvbyl| wekl Ki Zvi KvQ hLb KD ivm~jyjvn
-Gi bvg DPviY Ki ev Kvbvfve ivm~jjy v n -Gi bvgwU Zvi Kvb cek Ki, Zv mI m Zuvi Rb mvjvZ co bv Zvi
Pq AKZ Avi K nZ cvi! ivm~jyjvn -Gi cwZ mvjvZ Avgvì me`v cvV Kiv DwPZ| nqZev KD cvw_e eZvq Zv fyj
hZ cvi| wK hw` Kvbv cKvi Zuvi bvgwU Kvb Avm, ev Zuvi K_v gb Avm Zvnj GKRb gymjgvbi `q Zuvi cwZ h
fvjevmv _vKv AZvekK mB fvjevmvi b~bZg `vwe h, m mv_ mv_ Zuvi Rb mvjvZ ciY Kie| hvi `q GZUzKz fvjevmvI
bB ZvK AKZ Ac~Y gywgb ejv Qvov Dcvq bB| nv`xm kixd ZvK KcY ejv nqQ|
Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n () ejQb :

KcY m ew hvi wbKU Avgvi DjL Kiv njI m Avgvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kij bv| wZiwghx I nvwKg nv`xmwUK
mnxn ejQb|1
Contents

G aibi gvbyl ay KcYB bq, m Avjvni ingZ _KI ewZ| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ()
ejQb :
94

cvov Kcvj nZfvMv m ew, hvi KvQ Avgvi K_v iY Kiv njv A_P Avgvi Dci mvjvZ (ì`) coj bv|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|1
Ab nv`xm Kve web AvRyivn (iv) ejb, GKw`b ivm~jyjvn wg^vi DVvi mgq 3 evi Avgxb ejb| ci G mK
wRvmv Kiv nj wZwb KviY DjL Kib| GKwU KviY wZwb ejb: wReivCj (Av) Avgvi wbKU AvZcKvk Kib| wZwb ejb
hvi wbKU Avcbvi bvg bqv njv A_P Avcbvi Dci mvjvZ coj bv m (Avjvni ingZ _K) `~i nq hvK! Avwg (Zuvi G e`&`yAvq
kixK nq) ejjvg: Avgxb| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
AviKwU nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejjb,
om
:
,
: ,

...
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
wReivCj (Av) Avgvi wbKU Gm ejjb, ... hvi KvQ Avcbvi bvg DjL Kiv njv A_P m Avcbvi Dci mvjvZ
cvV Kij bv, dj m Rvnvbvg cek Kij ZvK hb Avjvn `~i Ki `b, Avcwb Avgxb ejyb, ZLb Avwg Avgxb
ejjvg| nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb|3
Ab nv`xm Bgvg mvBb (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
hvi KvQ Avgvi bvg DjL Kiv njv A_P m Avgvi Dci mvjvZ (ì`) coZ fyj Mj, m RvbvZi c_ fyj
Mj| nv`xmwU wewfb mb` ewYZ nqQ Ges nvmvb ev MnYhvM chvqi|5
GKRb gymwjgi Cgvbi `vwe h, Zvi kZ eZvi gaI m AvjvnK Ges Zuvi nvexe gynvv`yi ivm~jyjvn -K fyj
hve bv| Avgvì mKj K_vevZv, Avjvc AvjvPbv `b ìevii duvK duvK Avgvì DwPZ Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji K_v iY Kiv|
Ggb KLbv nIqv DwPZ bq h, Avgiv AbK mgq ai K_vevZv ejwQ, M KiwQ A_P gvS gvS `yGKevi Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji
K_v Avgvì gb AvmQ bv| GwU `qi LyeB `ytLRbK Aev| hw` wKQy gvbyl GK em h Kvbv welq K_vevZv ejb wK
cyiv gRwjm GKeviI Avjvni iY bv Kib Zvnj Zvì GB gvRwjmwU wKqvgZi w`b Zvì Rb `ytL I e`bvi KviY ne| G
welq KqKwU nv`xm iqQ| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
4
ss
w
w
.a
hLb wKQy gvbyl GKwU gvRwjm em, wK m gvRwjm Zviv Avjvni iY Ki bv Ges Zvì bexi Dci mvjvZ cvV
Ki bv Zvnj GB gRwjmwU Zvì Rb Avdmvm I wZi KviY ne, Avjvn BQv Kij Zvì kvw wèb, Avi BQv Kij
Zvì gv Kieb| Ab eYbvq:
Zviv RvbvZ MjI D gvRwjm Zvì `ytL I Avdmvmi KviY ne, KviY h mvIqve _K Zviv ewZ neb
Zvi Rb Zviv `ytL I Avdmvm Kieb| nv`xmwU mnxn|6
whK&i wenxb, ì` wenxb gRwjm `yMgq gRwjm| h Kvbv mgq h Kvbv KvR h Kvbv K_vq GKvwaK
gymjgvb GKwZ nj Zvì `vwqZ h Kq wgwbUi gvRwjmB nvK bv Kb, gvRwjm AZ 2/1 evi ivm~jjy vn -Gi K_v
gb Ki Zuvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kiv| Zv bv nj Zvì gRwjmUv ne `ywbqvi RNbZg `yM gq gRwjm, h `yM hvi `q
AvQ m Abyfe Kie| Rvwei (iv) ejb ivm~jjy vn ejb :
Contents
95
hw` wKQy gvbyl GKwZ nb, Gici Zviv Avjvni whK&i I ivm~jyjvn -Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV bv KiB
gvRwjm f Pj hvb, Zviv hb wbKZg cuPv, `yM gq gZjvk _K DV Mjb| Ab eYbvq: hw` wKQy gvbyl GKwU
gRwjm em ivm~jyjvn -Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV bv KiB gvRwjm f Pj hvq Zvnj Zviv hb RNbZg `yMgq cuPv
gZ`n _K DV Mj| nv`xmwUi mb` MnYhvM|1
1. 17. Avjvni Kvjvg cvVi whK&i

Avgiv `LwQ h, Avjvni mek whK&i KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, KziAvbi A_ Abyaveb, MelYv, KziAvb wkv, KziAvb
wkv `vb, KziAvbi AvjvPbv I KziAvbi wb`k Abymvi Kg I eRb|
Avgiv Aviv `LwQ h, ivm~jyjv n ejQb h, mek whK&i: jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjvn, myenvbvjvn, BZvw`| wK
Abvb mnxn nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv RvbZ cvwi h, G mKj whK&ii kZ KziAvbi ci| KziAvbB mek whK&i| evwK
whK&ii kZi KviYI KziAvbi Ask nIqv| mvgyivn Beby Ryb`ye (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
om

:

.
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
KziAvbi ci mevg evK PviwU, GjvI KziAvbi Af

y | Zzwg PviwUi h evKB c_g ej Kvbv wZ bB:
myenvbvjvn, Avj-nvg`y wjjvn, jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjvn, Avjv AvKevi| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
1. 17. 1. KziAvbx whK&ii wekl dhxjZ
Gfve Avgiv `LZ cvwQ h, KziAvbB kZg whK&i| Abvb whK&ii kZi KviYI KziAvbi Ask nIqv|
AbK nv`xm KziAvb Kw`K whK&ii ghv`v I iZ eYbv Kiv nqQ| GK nv`xm Avey hvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n
ejQb :
Avjvni KvQ wdi hZ (Avjvni bKU cZ) Zvgvì Rb Avjvni wbKU _K hv GmQ Zvi Pq, A_vr
KziAvbi Pq Dg Avi wKQyB bB| nvwKg I hvnvex nv`xmwUK mnxn ejQb|3
Avey Dgvgvn (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
ev`vì Rb Avjvni bKU ARbi Rb Zuvi _K hv ewiq GmQ Zvi gZv, A_vr KziAvbi gZv wKQyB
bB|4
ss
mKj gynvwm, dKxn I eyRyM GKevK ejQb h, mKj whK&ii k whK&i KziAvb wZjvIqvZ|5 mywdqvb mvIix (161
wn) ejb :
whK&i|
mevg whK&i mvjvZi ga KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, Gici mvjvZi evBi KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, Gici wmqvg, Gici Abvb
w
w
.a
Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejb, Avjvn ejQb:
mKj K_vi Dci KziAvbi ghv`v wVK Abyic hgb mKj mwi Dci Avjvni ghv`v| nv`xmwUK Bgvg wZiwghx
nvmvb ejQb|7
1. 17. 2. KziAvb wkvi dhxjZ
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, PPv, MelYv, KziAvbi A_ wPv Kiv, Abyaveb Kiv, wkv Kiv I wkv Ìqv Bev`Z I mevg
whKi| h ew KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, A_ Abyaveb, AvjvPbv, wkv MnY, wkv c`vb BZvw` KvR iZ _vKb Zvnj ^fveZB
wZwb c~ei nv`xmmg~n ewYZ whK&ii dhxjZmg~n mevg chvq ARb Kieb| GQvovI wewfb nv`xm KziAvb Kw`K
Contents

whK&img~ni AwZwi dhxjZ eYbv Kiv nqQ| GLvb G welq KqKwU nv`xm DjL KiwQ| KziAvb wkv Kiv I
wkv `vbi dhxjZi welq Avey iviBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb :
1
96
Zvgvì ga h ew KziAvb wkv Ki I wkv `vb Ki mB mek|
DKev Beby Avwgi (iv) ejb: Avgiv gmwR` beex msjM myddvZ wQjvg GgZvevq ivm~jyjvn Avgvì KvQ Gm
ejb: Zvgvì ga KD wK Pvq h, cwZw`b g`xbvi DcK AvKxK cvi hq Kvbv cvc ev AvZxqZvi wZ bv Ki `ywU
wekvj DuPz PzU DUbx wbq wdi Avme? Avgiv ejjvg: Avgiv cZKB Zv cQ` Kwi| wZwb ejb :
om
Zvgvì KD hw` gmwR` hq Avjvni wKZvei `ywU AvqvZ wkv Ki Ze Zv `ywU Abyic Dxi Pq Dg|
wZbwU wZbwUi Pq Ges PviwU PviwUi Pq Dg...|2
Avey hvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
ss
(gmwR` ev Kv_vI) hq KziAvbi GKwU AvqvZ wkv Kiv Zvgvi Rb 100 (GKkZ) ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kivi
Pq Dg| (gmwR` ev Kv_vI) hq Bj&gi GKwU Aavq wkv Kiv Zvgiv Rb 1000 (GKnvRvi) ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv
_K Dg| nvwdh gybwhix nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb ejQb| KD KD mbì `yejZv `wLqQb|3
^fevZB, G mKj nv`xm KziAvb wkv ejZ KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, A_ Abyaveb I Zvi weavbvejx wkv Kiv eySvb
nqQ| Avgiv AvR Bmjvgi g~j ciYv I wkv _K AbK `~i mi GmwQ| GKw`b Avgvi GK evsjv`kx ezK GK wgkixq
ezi mv_ cwiPq Ki w`q ejjvg: Avgvi ez nvwdR AgyK| wgkixq ez ejjb: ZvB! nvwdR!! GKj nv`xm gyL AvQ? Avwg
ejjvg: bv, Zv bq| nvwdh KziAvb| KziAvb gyL AvQ| wgkixq ez ejjb: gymwjg Dvni AvMi w`b cZK Avwjg, eis
mKj wkv_xB KziAvb gyL KiZb| KziAvb gyLKvixK weklfve KLbv nvwdR ejv nZv bv| mKjB Zv KziAvb gyL
KiQb, KvRB K KvK nvwdR ejeb| jvwaK nv`xm gyL KiZ cvij ZvK nvwdR ejv nZv| GLb Avi KD nv`xm gyL
KiZ cvwi bv| AwaKvsk wkwZ gymwjg eis AwaKvsk Avwjg KziAvbI gyL Kib bv| GRb KziAvbi nvwdRKB nvwdR ejv
nQ| nqZ Ggb w`b Avme, hw`b GKcviv KziAvb gyL KijB ZvK mmvb nvwdR ejv ne!
w
w
.a
KziAvb wkv, wZjvIqvZ, kvbv BZvw` mKj B G Aev| KziAvb I mybvni wb`k Ges mvnvex-ZveqxMYi
fvlvq I Kg Gwj meB wQj A_ eySv I `qg Kiv I RxebK m Abymvi cwiPvwjZ Kivi Dci wbfikxj| wK Avgiv
KziAvb wkv ejZ aygv bv eyS `L `L DPviY wkvKB eywS| Gi Pq GwMq hvIqvi K_v wPv Kwi bv|
Avgiv Rvwb h, mvnvexMY I ZveqxMYi fvlv wQj Aviex| Aviex fvlv eySvi Zuviv wQjb mKji kxl| Zv
mI Zuviv KziAvbi 5/10 wU AvqvZi ewk GKevi wkLZb bv| 5/10wU AvqvZ wkL, mjvi A_, evLv, wb`kbv I
wKfve Zv cvjb KiZ ne mewKQy bv wkL cieZx AvqvZ Zuviv i KiZb bv| GgbwK AbK mvnvex 10/12 eQi ai GKwU
m~iv wkv KiQb| A_ bv eyS Ges Avgj bv Ki aygv KziAvb wZjvIqvZ KivK Zuviv Abvq ej RbQb| wewfb
nv`xm G welq wevwiZ weeiY GmQ|
cLvZ Zvweqx Avey Avyi ingvb myjvgx ejb, ivm~jyjv n ()-Gi mvnvexMY huviv AvgvìK KziAvb wkv w`qQb
Zuviv ejQb:
Zuviv ivm~jyjvn _K `kwU AvqvZ wkL mjvi ga hv Bj&g I Avgj AvQ me bv wkL cieZx `k AvqvZ kLv i
KiZb bv|4
Contents
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
97
Beby gvmE`, DevB Beby Kve, Dmgvb (iv) cgyL mvnvex ejQb, ivm~jjy vn () ZuvìK `k AvqvZ wkv
w`Zb| Zuviv G `k AvqvZi ga hZ cKvi Avgj AvQ me bv wkL cieZx AvqvZ wkLZ i KiZb bv| Gfve wZwb ZuvìK
KziAvb I Avgj GK wkv `vb KiZb|1
Avyjvn Beb Dgvi (iv) AvU eQi ai m~iv evKvivn wkv Kib| Dgvi (iv) evi eQi ai m~iv evKvivn wkv Kib|
hw`b m~ivwU wkv mgv nq mw`b wZwb Avjvni Kwiqv RvbvZ GKwU DU RevB Ki LvIqvb|2
Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb, Avgvì hyMi gvbyliv KziAvb wkvi c~e Cgvb ARb KiZb| gynvv` -Gi Dci KziAvbi
Kvbv m~iv bvwhj nj m mgqi gvbyl mv_ mv_ mB m~ivi AvnKvg, nvjvj, nvivg, Kv_vq _vgZ ne BZvw` mewKQy wkL
wbZb| Gici Ggb gvbylì `LwQ, huviv Cgvbi AvMB KziAvb wkLQ| KziAvbi i _K kl ch co hvQ, wK m Rvb
bv KziAvb ZvK wK wb`k c`vb KiQ, wK _K wbla KiQ Ges Kv_vq ZvK _vgZ ne| Giv KziAvbK ay `Z co hvq
hgb Ki evR LRyi wQwUq Ìqv nq Zgbfve| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb: ivm~jyjvn -Gi gnvb ghv`v mb mvnvexMY hviv G DZi k Zuvì AbKB KziAvbi
`y-GKwU m~iv gv RvbZb| Ze Zuviv KziAvb Abymvi Rxeb cwiPvjbvi ZvIdxK cqwQjb| Avi G DZi kl Rvgvbvi
gvbyliv QvU, eo, A mKjB KziAvb coe, wK KziAvb Abymvi Kg KiZ cvie bv|4
gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb: Zvgiv hv BQv hZ BQv Bj&g ARb Ki| wK hZY bv Zvgiv Bj&gK Kg ev Avgj
cwiYZ Kie ZZY Avjvn ZvgvìK Kvbv cyivi ev mvIqve c`vb Kieb bv|5
wcq cvVK, KziAvb wkvi G gnvb ghv`v hw` Avgiv cZ PvB Ze AvgvìK c_g G KziAvbi ghv`v `qcU
AuvKZ ne| Avgiv hw` Dcii nv`xmjv mwZKvii Cgvb wbq, ivm~jyjvn -K mwZKvi A_ Avj-Avgxb, Avm-mv`K,
gnvmZev`x wnme AePZb gbi Mfxi my`p wekvm gb wbq Zuvi Dchy evYxjvK `qi cU GuK ivLZ cvwi
ZvnjB Avgiv cieZx wbwjwLZ c`cjv wbZ cvie|
c_g c`c: c_g c`c wefve KziAvb wZjvIqvZ wkv Kiv| Avgvì `ki nvRvi nvRvi avwgK gvbyl
Rxebi gacv ev klcv cuQ wMqQb| Zviv `xNw`b wewfb ìevi, eyRyM, Bmjvgx `j ev Mci mv_ mshy AvQb|
nqZ Zviv wbRìK hvwKi gb Kib| wK Zviv KziAvbi GKwU m~ivI wefve wZjvIqvZ KiZ cvib bv| Zviv `L
KziAvb coZI cvib bv| wK `yfvM Avgvì !!
Avgiv cwZw`b, cwZgvm I cwZ eQi kZ kZ Nv mgq M Re Ki, Lei co b ev AvjvPbv Ki, MxeZ I
ciPPv Ki, Ljvayjv Ki ev `L b Kwi| wK KziAvb wZjvIqvZ wkv Kivi mgq cvB bv| wefve KziAvb wZjvIqvZ
wkLZ eoRvi 4/5 gvm wbqwgZ cwZw`b NvLvbK eq KijB me| Avgiv AbK cwZw`b mKvj-mvq AbK mgq
mybvZ-mZ ev Ljvd mybvZ whK&i AvhKvi Ki KvUvB| A_P G mKj whK&ii Pq eo whK&i gywgbi Rxebi AbZg b~i
KziAvb Kixg wZjvIqvZ wkv Kwi bv| Avjvni Kvjvgi cwZ G Pig Aenjv KiQb Avjvni hvwKiMY! Avjvn `qv Ki
AvgvìK Avnj KziAvb nIqvi ZvIdxK `vb Kib ; Avgxb|
wZxq c`c: KziAvb eySvi gZv Aviex fvlv kLv| Avwg AbK bI gymwjgK `LwQ Zuviv Bmjvg MnYi ci
AwZ AvMni mv_ kZ eZvi gaI wewfb eB cyK ev Kvmi gvag Aviex wkv Kib Ges wKQy mgqi gaB KziAvb
eySvi gZv PjbmB Aviex wkL djb| Avmj welqwU fvjevmv I iZ c`vbi Dci wbfi Ki|
ZZxq c`c: Aviex fvlv wkv Kiv me bv nj AZ KziAvbi GK ev GKvwaK Abyev` M ev evsjv A_ev BsiwR
fvlvq Zvdmxi M msMn Ki wbqwgZ wZjvIqvZi mv_ mv_ A_ cvV Kiv| Gfve Avgiv AZ g~j bv eySjI Abyevì gvag
KziAvbi Avjvq wbRì AvjvwKZ KiZ cvie| nqZ Avgiv Gfve KziAvbi mv_x Avjvni cwiRb nq hZ cvie| Avjvn
AvgvìK ZvIdxK c`vb Kib| Avwg Ggb AbK fvBK wPwb hviv mvaviY wkvq wkwZ ev AwZ A wkwZ| Aviex gvUI
Rvbb bv| wK wbqwgZ KziAvbi Abyev` I Zvdmxi cvVi dj Zvì Aev Gic nqQ h, KziAvbi h Kvbv vb _K
wZjvIqvZ Kij Zvi A_ Abyaveb KiZ cvib| kvwK A_ eySb bv, wKy mvgwMKfve m AvqvZjvZ wK ejv nqQ Zv eySZ
cvib|
wekl mveavbZv: Avgiv mvaviYZ Avjvni wKZvei Rb GZ cwikg! Kivi mgq cvB bv| GZ AvMnI Avgvì bB| wK
hw` KD m ZvIdxK cvb, Ze kqZvb Ab c_ ZvK wZM KiZ Pv Ki| kqZvb Zvi ga Anvi cek Kivq| wZwb gb
KiZ _vKb h, wZwb GKRb cv gvbyl, wZwb mgvRi Ab AbKi Pq Bmjvg fvj Rvbb, mgvRi AvwjgMY KziAvb eySb bv,
AvwjgivB Bmjvg b Kijb, BZvw`|
Contents
om
98
cieZx Aavq Avgiv `Le h, mKj cKvii AnviB KwVb cvc I asmi KviY| mePq Lvivc
Anvi vb ev avwgKZvi Anvi| eZ gywgb KziAvb cvV Kib I Abvb Bev`Z e`wM cvjb Kib GKvB wbRi Rb|
KziAvb cvV Ki gywgb Avjvni ingZ I cyivi Avkv Kib| gywgb KziAvbi vb ARb Kib wbRi fyjwU mskvab Ki
wbRi RxebK cwiPvwjZ Kivi Rb| Anvii Drcw nq Abi w`K ZvKvbvi KviY| gywgb KLbvB Abi fyj aivi Rb
ev Abi mv_ wbRK Zzjbv Kivi Rb Bev`Z Kib bv| hLbB gb ne h, Avwg GKRb mvaviY wkwZ gvbyl nq KziAvb
cwo, KqKLvbv Zvdmxi cowQ, A_P AgyK Avwjg ev ZgyK ew Zv cowb, A_ev mgvRi AvwjgMY KziAvb co bv...
BZvw` ZLbB eySZ ne h, kqZvb gywgbi GZ Ki DcvRb asm KiZ mekw wbqvM KiQ| euvPZ nj mZK nZ
ne| Ab gvbylì fyjvw wPv Kiv Abi mv_ wbRK Zzjbv Kiv mevZfve cwiZvM KiZ ne| me`v Avjvni KvQ
`yAv KiZ ne h, Avjvn hb KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, PPv I cvjbi Bev`Z Keyj Kib Ges gZz ch G wbqvgZ envj ivLb|
Anvii AviKwU cKvk h, Avjvni ZvIdxK wKQyw`b KziAvb PPvi ci wbRK eo Avwjg gb Kiv Ges wewfb kiqx
gvmAvjv ev dvZIqv c`vb KiZ _vKv| KziAvb PPvK wbRi AvLivZ Mov I Avjvni ìevi AMmi nIqvi Rb eenvi KiZ
ne| wbRi Rxeb m Abyhvqx cwiPvjbv KiZ ne| dvZIqvi `vwqZ Avwjgì Dci Qo w`Z ne| Avgvì eySZ ne h,
cZK gymwjgB KziAvb coeb, wkLeb I PPv Kieb wbRi Rb| Ze cZK gymwjgB wekl Avwjg neb bv| Avjvn
AvgvìK wPik kqZvbi auvKv _K iv Kib|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
1. 17. 3. KziAvb wZjvIqvZi dhxjZ

KziAvbx whK&ii mec_g KvR wZjvIqvZ| Avjvni gnvb evYx wZjvIqvZ Kivi Pq eo whK&i ev gnvb Kg Avi
wKQyB nZ cvi bv| wZjvIqvZ ejZ g~jZ KziAvb I nv`xm eyS I `q w`q wZjvIqvZ Kiv eySvb nqQ| Ze Avgiv Avkv
Kie, AcviMZvi KviY Avgiv bv eyS wZjvIqvZ KijI Avjvn `qv Ki AvgvìK G mKj mvIqve I cyivi c`vb
Kieb| weklZ hw` Avgiv wZjvIqvZi cvkvcvwk Abyev` BZvwì gvag A_ eySvi Pv KiZ _vwK| Avjvn ejb:
hLb Zuvì (gywgbì) wbKU Avjvni (KziAvbi) AvqvZmg~n wZjvIqvZ Kiv nq, ZLb Zuvì Cgvb ew cvq|1
Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, AvqvZi A_ hw` `qK AvjvwoZ bv KiZ cvi Zvnj Cgvb ew cvIqvi ckB Avm bv| Ab
Avjvn ejb:
w
w
.a
ss
Avjvn mevg evYxK mymgm Ges evievi AvewKZ M wnme AeZxY KiQb| hviv Zvì cfyK fq Ki GB
M _K (G M cvV ev keY Kij) Zvì kixi ivgvwZ I wknwiZ nq| Gici Zvì `n I gb ckv nq Avjvni
whK&ii cwZ SzK co|2
KziAvbi A_ `q cek Ki `qK bvov bv w`j kixi wKfve wknwiZ ne? gb wKfve ckv ne?
wZjvIqvZi mv_ mv_ A_ `qg Kivi welq Avgiv cieZxZ AvjvPbv Kie| GLvb c_g wZjvIqvZi dhxjZ welqK
wKQy nv`xm DjL KiwQ|
(1). Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :

:
:

h ew KziAvbi GKwU eY cvV Kie m GKwU cyY ev bKx ARb Kie| cyY ev bKxK `kY ew Ki c`vb
Kiv ne| Avwg ejwQ bv h, (Avwjd-jvg-wgg) GKwU eY| eis Avwjd GKwU eY, jvg GKwU eY I gxg GKwU eY|
nv`xmwU mnxn|3
(2). Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb :

h ew KziAvb wZjvIqvZ mycvi`kx m mvwbZ wdwikZvMYi mv_| Avi KziAvb wZjvIqvZ KiZ hvi wRnv
Contents

Rwoq hvq, DPviY K nq, wK K Ki AcviMZv mI m wZjvIqvZ Ki Zvi Rb iqQ wY cyivi|1
(3). Ab nv`xm Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb:
99
h ew KziAvb gyL Ki Zv wZjvIqvZ Kib wZwb bKKvi mvwbZ wdwikZvMYi mv_| Avi whwb evievi
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Ki Zv ai ivLvi Pv KiQb Ges Zvi Rb Lye KKi nQ, Zvi Rb wY cyivi iqQ|2
(4). Avey Dgvgv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejb:
om
Zvgiv KziAvb cvV Kie; KviY KziAvb wKqvgZi w`b Zvi mxì (KziAvb cvVKvixMYi) Rb kvdvAvZ
Kie|3
(5). Avyjv n Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
wKqvgZ w`b wmqvg I KziAvb ev`vi Rb kvdvAvZ Kie| wmqvg eje: n cfy, Avwg GK w`bi ejvq Lv` I
RweK Pvwn`v _K weiZ iLwQ, KvRB Zvi c Avgvi kvdvAvZ Keyj Kib| KziAvb eje: n cfy, Avwg ivZi ejvq
ZvK Nyg _K weiZ iLwQ, KvRB Zvi c Avgvi kvdvAvZ Keyj Kib| ZLb Zvì Dfqi kvdvAvZ Keyj Kiv ne|
nv`xmwU mnxn|4
(6). gnvb Avjvn KziAvb Kvixg ejQb:

mKvj I weKvj Zvgvi gbi ga webq, AvKzwZ I fqfxwZi mv_ AbyP k Avjvni whK&i Ki Ges AgbvhvMxì
Af
y ne bv|5
Zvnj Avjvni whK&i bv Kij m AgbvhvMx Ges AgbvhvMx nIqv wbwl| ivZ AZ KziAvbi 100 wU AvqvZ
wZjvIqvZ Kij ev Zvnvy` cvV Kij ev`v Avjvni ìevi AgbvhvMx nIqvi Aciva _K gyw cve| Avey ivBiv (iv)
ejQb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
.a
ss
w
w
h ew ivZi (Zvnvyì) mvjvZ 100 AvqvZ cvV Kie ZuvK Mvwdj ev AgbvhvMxì ZvwjKvq jLv ne bv|
Avi h ew ivi (Zvnvyì) mvjvZ 200 AvqvZ cvV Kie ZuvK Avjvni LuvwU, gyLwjm bKKvi ev`v wnme jLv
ne| nv`xmwU mnxn|6
Ab nv`xm _K Rvbv hvq h, AZ `kwU AvqvZ wZjvIqvZ Kij ev Zvnvy` cvV KijI ev`v AgbvhvMx
nIqvi Aciva _K gyw cve| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
h ew ivZ `kwU AvqvZ cvV Kie ZvK Mvwdj ev AgbvhvMxì `jfy wnme jLv ne bv| nv`xmwU
mnxn|7
(7). Avyjv n Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
Contents
100

h ew KziAvb cvV Kij m avcavc beyqZi wmuwo eq wbRi `ni ga beyqZ MnY Kij| cv_K GUvB h
Zuvi KvQ Inx ciY Kiv ne bv| (A_vr m Inx cj bv, Ze Inxi ev beyqZi vb m MnY Kij)| KziAvbi AwaKvixi
DwPZ bq h, wbRi ga Avjvni Kvjvg _vKv Aevq m Abvb gvbylì gZv AveM ZvwoZ ne, A_ev KD ivM Kij ev
DwRZ nj mI ivM Kie ev DwRZ ne|1
^fveZB GmKj nv`xm KziAvb cvV ejZ eyS I A_ `qg Ki cov eySvbv nqQ| ZvZvcvwLK Zv Avi
Avwjg ejv hvq bv| whwb A_ eyS KziAvb cvV Kib wZwbB Zvi `q beyqZi Bj&g aviY Kib|
(8). Avyjv n Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
.c
om
wKqvgZi w`b KziAvbi mv_xK ejv ne: Zzwg `ywbqvZ hfve ZviZxji mv_ KziAvb coZ mfve co Ges Dci
DVZ _vK| Zvgvi cov h AvqvZ kl ne mLvb Zvgvi Avevmvj| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
A_vr, RvbvZi DuPz ghv`v jvfi ev Dci DVvi avc ne KziAvbi AvqvZi msLv Abymvi| h ew hZ AvqvZ
cvV KiZ cvieb wZwb ZZ Dci DV DP ghv`vq wbRK Avmxb Kieb|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
1. 17. 4. we wZjvIqvZ Acwinvh

KziAvb wZjvIqvZ A_ Aviex fvlvi ixwZZ wefve Avjvni wb`k I ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybvZ Abymvi axi axi,
cwic~Y fvjevmv mnKvi cvV Kiv| Avgvì `k mvaviY avwgK gymwjg QvovI AbK Avwjg ev KziAvb MelKI evsiwe fvlvq
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kib| nvwg UzgvK IqvjvIqvwQ K_vwUi mKj k g~jZ evsjv njI GK Avgiv evsjv ejZ cvwi bv| nqZ
Bsjv ev evswjk ejv hZ cvi| Zgwb evsjv DPviY KziAvb cvV KLbB Avjvni Kvjvg wZjvIqvZ ej MY bq|
Aviex fvlvq cwZwU eYi wbw` DPviY j, DPviY cwZ, wmdvZ ev Yvejx, g ev `xNZv I Abvb DPviY welqK
wbqgvejx iqQ| gnvb Avjvn KziAvb KvixgK my Aviex fvlvq bvwhj KiQb| Aviex fvlvi ixwZ Abymvi bv coj KLbB
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kiv ne bv| G welq mvaviY gymwjg Zv `~ii K_v AwaKvsk gv`vmvZI AgvRbxq Aenjv weivRgvb|
mvnvex, Zveqx I Zve-ZveqxMYi hyM j j Abvie Bmjvgi QvqvZj Avmb| Zviv KziAvbi we Aviex DPviYi
welq wKic iZ Avivc KiZb I DPviYi mvgvbZg wePzwZK wKfve KwVb Mvbvn I fqi eqvèx ej gb KiZb m
welq AbK weeiY Avgiv nv`xmi Mm g~n cvB|3
1. 17. 5. ivm~jjy v n ()-Gi wZjvIqvZ cwZ
we Aviex DPviYi cvkvcvwk KziAvbK kvfve, axi, Ki I Ub Ub coZ ne| GwU Avjvni wb`wkZ
dih| G welq Avgvì Aciva eo KwVb| AwaKvsk nvwdRB `Z KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kib| Zvivexni mvjvZ hw` Kvbv nvwdR
GKUz axi wZjvIqvZ Kib Zvnj gymjxMY Nvi Avcw i Kib| eva nq nvwdR mvne Ggbfve KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kib
hvZ wZjvIqvZKvix I kvZv c_g I kli KqKwU k Qvov wKQyB bZ ev eySZ cvib bv| KvRB, mvIqve Zv `~ii K_v
KziAvbi mv_ eqvèxi Aciva KwVb nq co| Avjvn ejb:
Ges axi axi my I myìfve KziAvb Avew Kib|

G AvqvZi evLvq Avyjvn Beby Avevm (iv), gyRvwn`, AvZv, nvmvb evmix, KvZv`vn I Abvb mKj mvnvex I
Zveqx gydvmwmi (ivn) ejQb h, ZviZxj A_ KziAvbK axi axi, kvfve, my Ki I Ub Ub cov, hb Zv eySv I
Zvi A_ wPv Kiv mnR nq|5
ivm~jjy vn () GfveB wZjvIqvZ KiZb| Avqkv (iv) ejb:

ivm~jyjvn KziAvbi m~iv wZjvIqvZ Kij ZviZxjmn ev axi I kvfve wZjvIqvZ KiZb, dj m~ivwU hZUzKz
Contents

j^v Zvi Pq AbK ewk j^v nq hZ|1
Avbvm (iv) ivm~jjy vni () wZjvIqvZ cwZ mK ejb :
101
Zuvi wKivAvZ wQj Ub Ub|

Dy mvjvgvn (iv) ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi wZjvIqvZ mK ejb:
wZwb cZK AvqvZ AvqvZ _vgZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|

nvdmv (iv)-K ivm~jjy vn -Gi wZjvIqvZ cwZ mK wRvmv Kiv nj wZwb ejb: Zvgiv Zuvi gZv wZjvIqvZ
KiZ cvie bv| ckKvixMY ZeyI GKUz kvbvZ Abyiva Kib| ZLb wZwb Lye axi axi wZjvIqvZ Kib| nv`xmwU
mnxn|4 Ab nv`xm hvBdv (iv) ejb :
.c
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
GK ivZ Avwg ivm~jyjv n -Gi mv_ mvjvZ ùvovjvg| wZwb m~iv evKvivn i Kijb| Avwg fvejvg wZwb nqZ 100
AvqvZ cvV Ki iKzZ hveb| wK wZwb 100 AvqvZ cvi nq Mjb| Avwg fvejvg wZwb nqZ G m~iv kl Ki iKz Kieb|
wK wZwb m~iv wbmv i Kijb Ges Zv cyivcywi cvV Kijb| Gici wZwb m~iv Avj Bgivb i Kijb Ges Zv kl
Kijb| wZwb axi axi Ub Ub wZjvIqvZ Kijb| hLb Zvmexni DjL AvQ Ggb Kvbv AvqvZ wZwb cowQjb ZLb
wZwb Zvmexn cvV KiwQjb| hLb Kvbv cv_bvi DjL AvQ Ggb Kvbv AvqvZ cvV KiwQjb, ZLb wZwb cv_bv KiwQjb|
Avevi Avkq PvIqvi DjL AvQ Ggb AvqvZ Avmj wZwb Avkq cv_bv Kijb| ...|5
we DPviY I axi axi Ub Ub covi mv_ mv_ h_vme myì I gayi î KziAvb wZjvIqvZi Pv KiZ
ne| wewfb nv`xm mvagZv gayi I myìfve KziAvb wZjvIqvZi wb`k Ìqv nqQ| GKwU nv`xm eviv Beby Avwhe
(iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
Zvgiv KziAvbK Zvgvì Kî w`q m`hgwZ Ki| nv`xmwU mnxn|

Avyjv n Beby gvmE` ejb :
.a
ss
w
w
Zvgiv KziAvbK KweZvi gZ Avew Kie bv ev mv LRyi wQwUq Ìqvi gZv wQwUq è bv| KziAvbi Avh
evYx _g I eyS coe| KziAvb w`q `qK bvov è| KLb LZg ne ev KLb m~ivi kl cuQve G wPv Ki KLbv
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kieb bv|7
1. 17. 6. KziAvbi A_ wPv I `qg Kivi dhxjZ

KziAvb KixgK Avjvn ciY KiQb Abyaveb Kivi Rb, bv eyS ZvZvcvLxi g_ wZjvIqvZi Rb bq| KziAvbi
wZjvIqvZ hgb GKwU Bev`Z, KziAvb Abyaveb Kiv, eySv I KziAvb wbq wPv Kiv Ab GKwU iZc~Y Bev`Z| KziAvb
bvwhji DkB Zv Abyaveb Kiv| Dcii nv`xmjv AvjvPbv KiZ hq Avgiv mnRB eySZ ciwQ h, KziAvb cvVi
dhxjZ g~jZ cvV Ki Zv `qg Kivi Rb| `qg KijB beyqZi Bj&g Avgvì ga mwZ ne|
ivm~jyjvn , mvnvexMY I ZveqxMYi hyM ev Bmjvgi c_g kZvxjvZ GfveB KziAvb cvV KiZb gymwjgMY|
Contents
102
hmKj Abvie `k Bmjvg cek KiQ mmKj `ki gvbylI KziAvb eySvi gZv Aviex wkL wbqQb| wK Avgiv
GLb bv eySB cwo| ZeyI Avkv Kie h, Avjvn `qv Ki AvgvìK KziAvb cvVi wbavwiZ mvIqve `vb Kieb|
gnvb Avjvn evievi DjL KiQb h, wZwb KziAvb bvwhj KiQb Ges Zv eySvi Rb mnR KiQb hb mevB Zv
eySZ cvi I Zv _K wkv MnY KiZ cvi| G KziAvb Avwg wewfb Dc`k, D`vniY, weavb BZvw` DjL KiwQ hb Zviv
Abyaveb KiZ I Dc`k MnY KiZ cvi| cvq 50 vb Gfve ejv nqQ| GK AvqvZ Avjvn ejb:
GK eiKZgq M Avwg Avcbvi cwZ bvwhj KiwQ hb Zviv Gi AvqvZ mg~n Abyaveb Ki Ges evakw mb ewMY
Dc`k MnY Ki|1
KziAvb Kvixg Pvi vb gnvb Avjvn ejQb :
om
wbq Avwg KziAvbK eySvi I Dc`k MnYi Rb mnR Ki w`qwQ , K AvQ Dc`k MnY Kivi ?2
hviv KziAvb eySZ Pv Ki bv Zvì welq ejv nqQ:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Zviv wK KziAvbK Abyaveb Ki bv? bv wK Zvì Ai Zvjve?3

wewfb nv`xm KziAvb wZjvIqvZi mv_ mv_ Abyaveb KiZ I wPv KiZ wb`k c`vb Kiv nqQ| Ggwb Kvbv
Kvbv nv`xm ejv nqQ h, hviv KziAvbi wewfb AvqvZ cvV Kie wK Zvi A_ wbq wPv Kie bv Zvì Rb kvw
iqQ|4
Avjvni wKZve cvV KivK KziAvb Kvixg wZjvIqvZ ejv nqQ, KviY wZjvIqvZ A_ AbymiY Kiv| GRb
KziAvb aygv bv eyS cvV Kij wZjvIqvZ nq bv| eyS cvV Ki Zv AbymiY Ki PjjB Zv wZjvIqvZ ej MY ne|
gnvb Avjvn Bikv` KiQb :
ss
hvìK Avwg wKZve c`vb KiwQ Zuviv Zv mwZKvifve ZjvIqvZ Ki, ZuvivB G wKZvei Dci Cgvb GbQ|5
G AvqvZi evLvq mvnvex I ZveqxMY ejb, `ywU Y _vKjB Zv n wZjvIqvZ ev mZ wZjvIqvZ ne: (1).
cwVZ AvqvZi A_ eyS `qK Zvi mv_ GKvZ Ki wZjvIqvZ KiZ ne| (2). cwVZ AvqvZi mKj weavb I wb`kbv
AbymiY I cvjb KiZ ne|
Dgvi (iv) ejb: n wZjvIqvZ cwVZ AvqvZi mv_ `q AvjvwoZ ne| h AvqvZ kvwi K_v ejv nqQ
mLvb _g Avjvni KvQ kvw _K Avkq cv_bv KiZ ne| h AvqvZ RvbvZi K_v ejv nqQ, mLvb _g Avjvni
KvQ RvbvZ cv_bv KiZ ne| Gfve `q w`q wZjvIqvZ KijB Zv mwZKvi wZjvIqvZ ej MY ne| 6
w
w
.a
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (in) I nvbvdx gvhnvei Abvb Bgvg mvjvZi ga KziAvb wZjvIqvZi mgqI AvqvZi A_
Abyhvqx _g _g Avjvni KvQ `yAv KiZ cQ` KiZb| Rvnvbvgi K_v Avmj Avkq cv_bv Kiv, RvbvZi K_v Avmj RvbvZ
PvIqv, gvi K_v Avmj BwMdvi Kiv Ges Gfve `qK AvjvwoZ Ki mvjvZi ga KziAvb wZjvIqvZ KiZ wZwb Drmvn
w`qQb, weklZ mKj cKvi mybv Z-bdj mvjvZ|7
mvnvex Avyjvn Beby gvmE` (iv), Avyjvn Beby Avevm (iv) Ges gyRvwn`, Avey ivhxb, KvBm Beby mv`, AvZv,
nvmvb evmix, KvZv`vn, BKwigvn, Aveyj Avwjqvn, Bevnxg bvLqx cgyL mKj Zvweqx, Zve-Zvweqx gydvmwmi ejQb h,
mwZKvi wZjvIqvZi A_ cwVZ mKj AvqvZi mKj cKvi weavbvejx cwic~Y cvjb I AbymiY Kiv| KziAvbi mnR mwVK
A_ eySv I mKj cKvi `~ieZx I weKZ A_ I evLv _K `~i _vKv| hviv Gfve eySeb I cvjb Kieb ZvivB ay mwZKvi
wZjvIqvZKvix ej MY neb|8
Avgiv KziAvb-nv`xmi wb`kbv I mvnvexMYi evYx _K RbwQ, KziAvb wZjvIqvZi AbZg Avè KziAvb w`q A
iK bvovbv| Ai bojB Cgvb ew cve, kixi wknwiZ ne Ges Kg wbqwZ ne|
Contents
103
1. 17. 7. KziAvb AvjvPbv I MelYvi dhxjZ

KziAvbi Zv`vim ev cviwiK AvjvPbv-MelYv c_K Bev`Z, weklZ gmwR`| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn () ejb:
(
)

.

om
hLbB wKQy gvbyl Avjvni Kvbv GKwU Ni mgeZ nq Avjvni wKZve wZjvIqvZ I wkvMnY Ki Ges Zvì
ga cii Zv Aaqb Ki, ZLbB Zvì Dci ckvw bvwhj nq, Avjvni ingZ Zvì AveZ Ki bq, wdwikZvMY Zvì
wNi aib Ges Avjvn Zuvi wbKUì wbKU Zvì whK&i Kib|1
1. 17. 8. KziAvb keYi dhxjZ
KziAvb wZjvIqvZi bvq gbvhvM w`q keY KivI GKwU eo Bev`Z I Avjvni ingZ jvfi AbZg Imxjv|
Avjvn ejb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Ges hLb KziAvb cvV Kiv ne, ZLb Zvgiv gbvhvM w`q Zv keY Kie Ges Pzc Ki _vKe, Zvnj nqZ Zvgiv ingZ
cv ne|2
Bgvg Zvevix G AvqvZi evLvq ejb : gnvb Avjvn Zuvi gywgb ev`vìK wb`k c`vb Kijb h, n gywgbMY, hLb
KziAvb cvV Kiv nq ZLb gbvhvM w`q Zv keY Ki, hb Zv fvjfve eySZ cvi Ges Zv _K Dc`k MnY KiZ cvi| Avi
KziAvb cvVi mgq Pzc Ki _vKe, hb Zv eySZ, `qg KiZ I Zv wbq wPv fvebv KiZ cvi| KziAvb cvVi mgq K_v
eje bv, Zvnj Zv eySZ Amyweav ne| Avi Gfve KziAvb _K Dc`k MnY KiZ cvij... Zvgiv Avjvni ingZ ARb KiZ
cvie|3 KziAvb keYi dhxjZ I eiKZ cgvYi Rb G AvqvZB h_| G welqK G nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn
() ejQb:
ss
h ew KziAvbi GKwU AvqvZ gbvhvM w`q keY Kie, Zvi Rb eY ewaZ mvIqve wjLv ne| Avi h ew Zv
wZjvIqvZ Kie, Zvi Rb G AvqvZwU wKqvgZi w`b b~i cwiYZ ne| nv`xmwUi mb` `yej| Ze GKvwaK mbì KviY Zvi
wbfihvMZv ew cqQ|4
Ab nv`xm Beby Avevm (iv) ejb :
w
w
.a
hw` KD Avjvni wKZvei GKwU AvqvZI keY Ki, Zvnj Zv wKqvgZi w`b Zvi Rb b~i cwiYZ ne|5
AbK Zveqx gbvhvM w`q keY Kiv wZjvIqvZi PqI ewk mvIqvei ej gb KiZb| Zvweqx Lvwj` Beby gv`vb
(103 wn) ejb:
h ew KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kib, Zvi Rb iqQ GKwU cyivi| Avi whwb Zv gbvhvM w`q keY Kib, Zvi Rb iqQ
`ywU cyivi|6
1. 17. 9. KziAvbi gvbyl nIqvi dhxjZ
Avnjyj KziAvb A_vr KziAvbi mv_x ev KziAvbi gvbyl nIqvi A_ RxebK KziAvb Kw`K I KziAvb Abymvix
Kiv| Avi G Aev gywgbi Rxebi mek chvq| Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn () ejb:

gvbyli ga Avjvni cwievi cwiRb iqQ| mvnvexMY ejb: n Avjvni ivm~j, Zuviv Kviv? wZwb ejb: Zviv Avnjyj
Contents
104
1
KziAvb ev KziAvbi AwaKvix| ZvivB Avjvni cwiRb I Avjvni Lvm Ijx| nv`xmwU mnxn|
gvbyli Rxebi mePq eo cvIqv KziAvb Kw`K nZ cviv| hvK Avjvn ivZw`b KziAvb PPv I cvjb wbq e
_vKvi ZvIdxK c`vb KiQb wZwbB mePq eo wbqvgZ cqQb| `ywbqvZ wKQy PvIqvi _vKj G aibi wbqvgZB PvIqv
hvq| wnsmv Kivi gZv Kvbv wbqvgZ _vKj Zv G wbqvgZ| Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejb:
( )
(
)
ay `y ewKB wnsmv Kiv hvq (`y ew wbqvgZi gZv wbqvgZ Kvgbv Kiv hvq): huvK Avjvn KziAvb `vb KiQb
Avi m ivZ-w`b ay KziAvb wZjvIqvZ ev KziAvb cvjb e _vK Ges huvK Avjvn m` `vb KiQb Avi m ivZw`b m`
n c_ eq KiZ _vK|2
om
KziAvbi gvbyl nj, RxebK KziAvb Abymvi cwiPvwjZ Kij Ges mKj KvR KziAvbK mvgb ivLj KziAvb
ZuvK RvbvZ wbq hveB| Rvei (iv) ivm~jjy vn () _K eYbv KiQb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
KziAvb Ggb GKRb kvdvAvZKvix hvi kvdvAvZ Keyj Kiv ne, Avevi Ggb GKRb weev`x hvi AwfhvM mZ ej
gb bqv ne| h ew KziAvbK wbRi Rxeb mvgb iL Pje KziAvb ZuvK RvbvZi w`K wbq hve| Avi h ew
KziAvbK wbRi wcQ iL è KziAvb ZuvK Rvnvbvgi w`K Ub wbq hve| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
KziAvbi gvbyl nj Zvi wcZvgvZv I AvZxq^Rbi Rb iqQ mymsev`| gyAvh Beby Avbvm (iv) _K ewYZ hqxd
nv`m ejv nqQ :
...

h ew KziAvb cvV Kie Ges KziAvb Abymvi Kg Kie Zvi wcZv-gvZvK wKqvgZi w`b Ggb GKwU gyKzU civbv ne
hvi RvwZ ne cw_exi m~hi RvwZi PqI myìZi| Zvnj h ew wbR Kg Kie Zvi cyivi KZ ne Zv fe `L!
nv`xmwUi mb` MnYhvM|4
eyivB`v Avmjvgx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb :
ss

: :
w
w
.a
h ew KziAvb cvV Kie, KziAvbi Bjg ARb Kie I m Abymvi Kg Kie, wKqvgZi w`b Zuvi wcZv-gvZvK
b~ii gyKzU civbv ne, hvi Avjv m~hi Avjvi gZv Ges Zuvi wcZv-gvZK `ywbqvi mewKQyi Pq g~jevb GKc cvkvK
civbv ne| Zviv ejeb: wKmi Rb Avgvì Gme civbv nQ? ZuvìK ejv ne: Zvgvì mvbi KziAvb MnY Kivi
KviY| nvwKg I hvnvex nv`xmwUK mnxn ejQb|5
Avjx (iv) _K LyeB `yej mb` ewYZ GKwU nv`xm ejv nqQ:

h ew KziAvb cvV Kie, gyL Kie, KziAvbi weavb gb KziAvbi nvjvjK nvjvj wnme cvjb Kie I KziAvbi
nvivgK nvivg wnmve eRb Kie Avjvn ZuvK RvbvZ cek Kiveb Ges Zuvi cwievii `k ewi Rb Zuvi kvdvAvZ Keyj
Kieb, hvì Rb Rvnvbvg cvIbv nq wMqwQj| Bgvg wZiwghx nv`xmwUi `yej Zv evLv KiQb|6
Contents
105
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
1. 17. 10. KziAvb eyS ev bv-eyS covi ARvwPZ weZK

eZgvb Avgiv Avwjg I we` avwgKì ga GKwU AbvKvwLZ weZK `LwQ| KD ejQb, KziAvb bv eyS coj
Kvbv mvIqveB ne bv| G gZ Lb KiZ hq Abiv bv-eyS covUvKB Bmjvgi g~j wkv ej `vwe KiQb| Gi
cvkvcvwk AbK Avwjg ev avwgK gywgb KziAvb eyS cov wbirmvwnZ KiQb| Zuviv fq cvb h, KziAvb eyS coj evanq
gywgb wev nq hve! Gi wecixZi AbK KziAvbi Zvdmxi-ZiRgv covi ci wbRK dKxn ev eo Avwjg ej MY
KiZ _vKb| Avgiv GLvb G PviwU welq msc chvjvPbv KiZ PvB| gnvb Avjvn myenvbv Iqv ZvAvjvi KvQ
ZvIdxK cv_bv KiwQ|
c_g welq: KziAvb bv eyS coj Kvbvic mvIqve bv nIqvi `vwewU mwVK bq| Avgiv AvMB ejwQ h, KziAvbK
Abyaveb I AbymiYi RbB bvwhj Kiv nqQ| Ze Bmjvgi wb`kbvjv mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi gZvgZi AvjvK Abyaveb
KiZ ne| KziAvbi Kgewk wKQz K_v ZrKvjxb mgqI AbK eySZb bv| Zuviv AvwjgìK G mKj welq ck KiZb|
AvwjgMY Di w`Zb| Zuviv KziAvbi A_ eySZ Drmvn w`Zb| Ze bv eyS wZjvIqvZ Kij Zv wZjvIqvZ ej MY ne
bv ej KD ejb wb| GQvov AMwYZ Abvie Bmjvg MnY KiQb| Zuviv mvjvZi ga KziAvbi wewfb Ask wZjvIqvZ
KiQb ev Bgvgi wcQb mvjvZ Av`vq KiQb| KziAvb eySZ bv cvivi KviY Zvì mvjvZ evwZj nqQ ej KD ejb
wb| hyw I weeK `vwe Ki h, KD hw` KziAvbK Avjvni evYx wnme wekvm Ki Avjvni evYx cvVi AveM wbq Zv
wZjvIqvZ KiZ _vKb Zvnj Zvi wZjvIqvZ Avjvni whKi I wZjvIqvZi mvIqve ne|
wZxq welq: KziAvb bv eyS cojI mvIqve ne ejvi A_ Kx? GKwU D`vniY weePbv Kwi| GK ew ejjb: Uzwc ev
Rvgv Qvov mvjvZ Av`vq Kij mvjvZ neB bv| Zv b GKRb AvwjgK Avcwb ck Kijb: Avgvi hw` Uzwc ev Rvgv bv _vK
Zvnj Avwg wK Gjv Qvov ay jyw ci mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ cvie? ZvK wK Avgvi mvjvZ ea ne? Avgvi wK mvIqve ne?
Di Avwjg ejjb: nuv| D Avwjgi dvZIqv _K Avcwb wmv wbjb h, Rxeb Avi KLbv Uzwc I Rvgvi wcQb mgq b
Kieb bv, me`v Gjv Qvov ay jyw ciB mvjvZ Av`vq Kieb|
KziAvbi welq Avgiv GKB fyj KiwQ| Avgiv Rvwb, h Kvbv Bev`Z gywgb mvagZ cvjb Kij wKQz mvIqvei
Avkv KiZ cvib| Ze mvIqvei wbqZv I c~YZv g~jZ mybvZ cwZZ Bev`Z cvjbi ga| Avi hw` mybvZi Ljvd
Kvbv cwZK ixwZ evwbq bqv nq ev mybvZ cwZK Aev Kiv nq Zvnj Zv weÀvZ I cvc cwiYZ nq| mvjvZ, wmqvg,
BdZvi, mvnix, Ih~, Mvmj, whKi, Ihxdv BZvw` mKj Bev`Zi bvq KziAvb wZjvIqvZi I GKB weavb| Avgiv
Abvb Bev`Zi mybvZ weePbv KijI wZjvIqvZi Zv KiwQ bv| KziAvb wZjvIqvZi wbgi welqjv
jYxq:
(1) KziAvb eyS cvV Kiv Avjvni wb`k| eyS wZjvIqvZ KivB n wZjvIqvZ Ges Gic wZjvIqvZKvixB gywgb|
Avjvn evievi ejQb h, KziAvbK Abyaveb I Dc`k MnYi RbB bvwhj Kiv nqQ| KziAvb cvV Kij kixi ivgvwZ
I wknwiZ nq Ges Cgvb ew cvq| bv eyS cvV Kij Zv me bq|
(2) KziAvb eyS cvV Kiv, cZK AvqvZ _vgv, wPv Kiv I `yAv Kiv ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi wb`k I Zuvi AvPwiZ
mybvZ|
(3) Gfve cZK AvqvZ eyS, _g, wPv Ki wZjvIqvZ Kiv mvnvexMYi mybv Z I Zuvì wb`k|
Zvnj, KziAvb bv eyS wZjvIqvZ Kiv Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () wb`ki Ljvd, ivm~jyjv n () I Zuvi
mvnvexMYi mybvZi Ljvd| Avgiv ìLvb, Ih~, wgmIqvK, whKi BZvw` mKj Bev`Zi mybvZi iZ ^xKvi
KijI wZjvIqvZi Zv KiwQ bv|
G K_v wVK h, Avgiv Abvie, Avgvì Rb ivm~jjy vn () I mvnvexMYi mybv Z gZ KziAvb eyS cov KKi| wK
`ytLRbK welq mybv ZK Aenjv Kiv I iZnxb gb Kiv| Abvie nIqv mI Avgiv Aviex bex ()-Gi mybvZ cvkvK,
ìLvb, cvbvnvi cwZ BZvw` AbymiYi AvcvY Pv Kwi, A_P Zuvi mybvZ gZ KziAvb wZjvIqvZi b~bZg PvI Kwi bv|
A_P cvkvK, ìLvb, cvbvnvi cwZ, emvi wbqg BZvw` welq ivm~jyjv n () I mvvnexMYi wb`k I ZvKx` cvIqv hvq bv,
wK KziAvb eyS wZjvIqvZi welq Zuvì AbK wb`k I ZvKx` cvIqv hvq| mePq fqi welq h, Avgiv ZvKx` wenxb
mybvZjvK AZ iZ w`jI wb`wkZ I ZvKx`-KZ GZ iZc~Y mybvZK iZnxb fvewQ I AcqvRbxq cgvY Kivi
Pv KiwQ|
KD hw` AcviMZvi KviY mybv Zi Ljvd Bev`Z Ki Zvnj Zvi IRi MnYhvM, Ze myhvM _vKv mI
AcviMZv envj ivLv, Ljvd mybvZ cwZK c~Yv Bev`Z ej gb Kiv, mybvZ cwZi Pq Dg gb Kiv ev mybvZ
cwZK AcqvRbx gb Kiv wbtm`n wb`bxq weÀvZ ev weÀvZi ivRc_|
KziAvb eyS cov AcqvRbxq ej cgvY KiZ Avgiv AbK mgq DU wKQz hyw ck Kwi| Avgiv ewj, AgyK ew
ev jKvwU ew KziAvb bv eyS wZjvIqvZ Ki ev gyL Ki KZ eo eo dvq`v, eiKZ, Avmi ev djvdj cqQb,
KvRB KziAvb eyS wZjvIqvZ Kivi `vwe Amvi I wfwnxb!
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
106
mvwbZ cvVK, mgvRi mKj Ljvd mybv Z Kg ev cwZi cB Gic hyw ck Kiv nq| hgb,
ùvwoq ùvwoq, `jefve, bvPvbvwP Ki ev Ab Kvbv Ljvd mybv Z cwZZ ì`-mvjvg cvV Ki ev whwKi Ki AbK
AbK dvq`v ev ejvqvZ jvf KiQb ej hyw w`q mybv Z cwZZ whKiK iZnxb cgvY Kiv| `vwo bv iL Abvb
Bev`Z Ki KZ dvq`v I ZvKIqv ARb KiQb, `vwo iLI AbK ev`vi n b Ki, A_P `vwo wenxb gyvKx Zvi
Pq AbK fvj... BZvw` hyw w`q `vwoi iZ A^xKvi Kiv| AgyK ew ev eweM gv`vmvq bv coI AbK eo gyvKx ev
Ijx nqQb ej hyw w`q gv`vmv wkvi iZ A^xKvi Kiv| Gic nvRviv D`vniY Ìqv hvq| Gic hywjv `xb`vi
gyvKx gywgbMY AvcwKi ej eySb, wK KziAvb eyS covi mybv Zi wei ZuvivB Gic hyw Dcvcb Kib|
ZZxq welq: KziAvb eySv KwVb ej `vwe Kiv A_ev KziAvbi A_ coj gywgb wev nZ cvib ej `vwe Ki KziAvb
eySZ wbirmvwnZ Kiv fqi GKwU gnvgvwi, hvZ AbK avwgK I Avwjg Avv|
gnvb Avjvn KziAvb ejQb h, wZwb KziAvb Abyaveb Kiv mnR KiQb| GiciI wK Kvbv gywgb Kbv KiZ
cvib h, KziAvb eySv KwVb? gnvb Avjvn evievi ejQb h, wZwb gyvKxì Ges wekRMZi n`vqvZ ev myc_i
w`kvix wnme KziAvb bvwhj KiQb| GiciI wK Kvbv gywgb Kbv KiZ cvib h, KziAvb cvV Kij Kvbv gywgb ev
Kvbv Kvwdi wev nZ cvi?
gnvb Avjvn cZK gywgbK KziAvb eyS n wZjvIqvZ KiZ wb`k w`qQb Ges ivm~jyjv n ()-I KziAvb eyS
wZjvIqvZ KiZ wb`k w`qQb| GiciI wK Kvbv gywgb Kbv KiZ cvib h, KziAvb eyS wZjvIqvZ Kij gvbyl wev
nq hve?
`yfvMRbKfve Avgiv cZK wbR wbR gZ-KB GKgv Bmjvg ej gb Kwi Ges wbR gZi evBi MjB
Zv wevw ej `vwe Kwi| KziAvb A_ey S wZjvIqvZ Kivi ci Kvbv gywgb Ab Kviv mKj ee wbwePvi MnY KiZ
Pvb bv| GRb meZ Avgiv mKjB PvB h, mvaviY gywgbMY KziAvb-nv`xmi A_ bv eySbz Ges Avgiv AvwjgMY ev `vqxMY
cZK Avgvì cQ`mB gZ ev c_ KziAvb-nv`xmi bvg ZvìK eySvZ _vwK!
w
w
.a
ss
GLvb KqKwU welq Avgvì wPv Kiv cqvRb:

(1) KziAvbi A_ eySZ Mj gywgb fyj eyS wev nZ cvib ej aviYv Kiv KziAvb, mybvn, mvnvexMYi wb`k I ev
e mZi wecixZ|
gnvb Avjvn evievi ejQb h wZwb KziAvb _K Dc`k MnY mnR KiQb| cZK gywgbK A_ eyS wZjvIqvZ
KiZ wb`k w`qQb| cZK gywgbi Rb mvjvZ KziAvb cvVi weavb w`qQb| ivm~jjy vn () cZK gywgbi Rb
KziAvb wkv I wndR Kivi wb`k I Drmvn w`qQb| ^fveZB wkv I wndh Kiv ejZ A_-`qg Kiv mn wkv I gyL
Kiv eySvbv nqQ| A_ bv eyS wkLj ev wZjvIqvZ Kij mvIqve ne wKbv Zv wfb ck| Ze A_ bv eyS wkv I wndh
Kivi Kvbvic wbqg mvnvex, Zvweqx, Zvwe-Zvweqx I BgvgMYi hyM wQj bv| Avie-Abvie mKjB A_ eySB wkv I wndR
KiZb| Avie, Abvie, wkwZ, AwkwZ, eywgvb, wbeva mKjB Zv Kgewk A_ eyS coZb ev bZb| eZgvb hyM
Avie `kjvZ KziAvbi fvlv ev we Aviex fvlv gZcvq| Kvbv Avie `kB Zv gvZfvlv bq| h gyL ev A wkwZ
gvbylwU we AviexZ GKwU evKI ejZ cvib bv wZwbI mvjvZi ga ev h Kvbvfve KziAvb bZ g~j A_ eySZ
cvib Ges Zuvi `q evcK Avjvob `Lv hvq| G _K eySv hvq h mZB KziAvb eySv Avjvn mnR KiQb|
gnvb Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j () KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, keY I wndRi Kv_vI ejb wb h, wbw` cwigvY Bjg bv
kLv ch KziAvb wZjvIqvZ I wndh Kiv hve bv| A_ev mvaviY mvjvZjvZ wbw` m~iv Qvov Kvbv m~iv cvV Kiv hve bv;
KviY A_ fyj eyS mvaviY gymjxiv wev nq hZ cvi| Zvnj wK Avgiv gnvb Avjvni `xbi welq Zuvi I Zuvi ivm~j
()-Gi PqI ewk mZK nZ Pv KiwQ?
(2) AbK mgq Avgiv aviYv Kwi h, KziAvbi Abyev` Kivi nqZ Abyev`K fyj KiZ cvi, KvRB ZiRgv
KziAvb cvV Kij nqZ gywgb wev nq hve| jYxq h, Avgiv Abvb Mi ZiRgv ev Abyev` coZ Avcw Kwi bv|
A_P Abyev`Ki fyji mvebv G mKj Mi ewk| KziAvb Abyevì mgq Abyev`K evcK mZKZv Aej^b Kib;
KviY mvgvb fyj njB ZvK KwVb cwZevì myLxb nZ ne| ZviciI Avgiv cZK gywgbK civgk c`vb Kwi, ARvbv ev
weZwKZ Abyev`Ki Abyev` bv co cwm Avwjgì Ab~w`Z ZiRgv KziAvb cvV KiZ Ges mgmv Abyfe Kij
AvwjgìK ck KiZ| wK GKwU Aeve mvebvi ARynvZ Avgiv KziAvb I nv`xm wb`wkZ GKwU iZcyY Bev`Z _K
gywgbK wbla KiZ cvwi bv|
(3) AbK `xb`vi gywgb ev Avwjg KziAvbi Zvdmxi ev ZiRgv coZ wbla Ki ejb h, Zvdmxi Kivi Rb
AbK cKvi Bjg cqvRb! Zuviv Zvdmxi Kiv I Zvdmxi covi ga cv_K eySb bv| A_ev KziAvb eySvi gnvb Bev`Z _K
gywgbK `~i ivLvi wRì KviY cv_K ^xKvi KiZ Pvb bv! KziAvbi Zvdmxi Kivi Rb AbK cKvi Bjg cqvRb, wK
Zvdmxi coZ Kvbv cKvi BjgiB cqvRb bB| KziAvbi Zvdmxi ev ZiRgv Kivi hvMZv AvQ Ggb Kvbv Avwjgi
jLv Zvdmxi ev ZiRgv coZ Kvbv c~ekZ bB| `ytLRbK h, AbK mgq Avgiv GKRb cwm Avwjgi jLv eBc
Contents
107
coZ civgk c`vb Kwi, A_P ZuviB jLv Abyev` ev Zvdmxi coZ wbla Kwi!
(4) KziAvbB mKj n`vqvZi g~j Drm| KziAvbK gyvKxMYi Ges wekRMZi n`vqvZ ejZ g~jZ KziAvbi
A_KB eySvbv nqQ| vbx, gyL, wkwZ, AwkwZ h Kvbv gvbyli `q KziAvbi A_ cek Kij wZwb n`vqvZi w`kv
jvf Kib| KziAvb I nv`xm GK_viB mv `q| BwZnvmi eveZvI ZvB cgvY Ki|
(5) Avjvni Bev`Z mevP chv q cuQ ejvqvZ-KvivgZ jvfi ciI Kvbv Kvbv Ijx wev nqQb ej
Avgiv KziAvb I nv`xm _K RvbZ cvwi| GRb wK Avgiv Avjvni ejvqvZ ARbi Pv I ewk ewk Bev`Z Kivi
cPvK wbirmvwnZ Kie? bv Bev`vZ I ejvqvZ ARbi Pv mn gywgbK mZKZvi civgk c`vb Kie?
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
(6) KziAvb, nv`xm, wdKn, Dm~j BZvw` mKj Bmjvgx vb Aaqbi ciI AbK wev nqQb| GRb wK Avgiv
KziAvb, nv`xm, wdKn I Abvb `xbx Bjg wkv ARb gvbylìK wbirmvwnZ Kie? bv Bjg ARb Drmvn c`vb-mn wevw
ev `ybxwZ _K mZK Kie?
(7) mgvR AbK gvbyl `y-PviRb Avwjg ev Zvwjeyj Bjgi Abvq, `ybxwZ ev fyjvwK eo Ki `wLq gv`vmv
wkvi wei K_v ejb| A_P Abyic `ybxwZ ev Abvqi cwigvb h A-gv`vmv wkwZì ga AbK AbK ewk Zv eySZ
Pvb bv| AbK Avwjg ev `xb`vi gvbyl KziAvbi GKBic AvPiY Kib| KziAvb eyS co `y-GKRb wev nqQ ej
KziAvb eyS wZjvIqvZ KiZ wbirmvwnZ Kib| A_P KziAvb bv eyS h jj gymwjg wkiK, Kzdi I fqi me nvivg
wj nQb Zv eySZ Pvb bv| `y-PviRb Avwjgi Abvqi ARynvZ wK Avgiv gv`vmv wkvi Aeg~jvqb Kie? bv gv`vmv
wkvq Drmvn c`vbi cvkvcvwk Zvwjeyj BjgìK mZKZvi civgk `vb Kie?
(8) KziAvbi A_ eyS KD wev nb bv| KziAvb AekB mwVK c_i n`vqvZ| A_ eyS KziAvb wZjvIqvZKvix
ev KziAvbi ZiRgv-Abyev` cvVKvix KziAvbi m n`vqvZ cqQb| Ze Zvi `qi AmyZv ev Ab Kvbv KviY
n`vqvZ ai ivLZ cvib wb|
Lvì g~j cfve myZv I cyw Avbqb Kiv| GiciI AbK mgq Lvì mv_ ALv` ev wel wgwkZ nq ^v
ev myZvi wZ KiZ cvi| KLbv KLbv Lv` AmyZ
v mw Ki- G KviY wK Avgiv gvbylìK Lv` MnY wbirmvwnZ
Kie? bv Lv` MnY AevnZ ivLvi cvkvcvwk mveavbZv I mgmv nj wPwKrmKi iYvcb nZ eje?
gvbe AvZvi cavb Lv` Avjvni whKi, Avi Avjvni whKii cavb welq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ| KziAvbi k, A_ I
gg gvbe-`qi myZv I cyw Avbqb Ki| Ze KLbv KLbv Kvbv ewi `qi Anvi, wevw, IqvmIqvmv BZvw` D
ewi Rb wZKi nZ cvi| GRb Avgviv gywgbK mveavb KiZ cvwi, Avwjgì KvQ ck KiZ Drmvn w`Z cvwi; wK
KLbvB ZvK n`vqvZi g~j Drm KziAvb wZjvIqvZ I A_ `qg _K wbirmvwnZ KiZ cvwi bv|
w
w
.a
ss
(9) A_ `qg Ki KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kivi KviY GK cKvii wevw Rb wbqwQj LvwiRxì ga| KziAvbi
A_ wPv I evcK Aaqb Zvì ga n`vqvZ I ZvKIqvi Rb w`qwQj| wK Zvì `qi Anvi, bK Avgji AvZZw
I cewi AbymiYi KviY Zviv m ZvKIqvi cKZ
dj ai ivLZ cvi wb| eis fqi DMZvq wj nqwQj| mvnvexMY
Zvì wevw Acbv`bi Pv KiQb, wK KLbvB KziAvbi A_ wPv I AaqbK wbirmvwnZ Kib wb|
(10) KziAvbi A_ Abyaveb KLbvB wevwi Rb `q bv; Ze wewfb cki Rb w`Z cvi| Gic cki gywgbi
`vwqZ AvwjgìK ck Kiv Ges Avwjgì `vwqZ cki Di Ìqv| Avgvì mgvR AvwjgMY AZ ebv I Ki ga
_vKb| evcK Aaqb Zv `~ii K_v cqvRbxq M qi mvg_I AbK Avwjgi bB| dj KziAvb Kw`K AbK cki Zuviv
Di w`Z cvib bv| ZvrwYK cwZwqvq Zviv KziAvbi Abyev` cvVKvix ckK
ZvK ivM Kib Ges Abyev` coZ wbla Kib|
G welq Avgvì mZK nIqv ìKvi| mKj mgmvi gaB AvwjgìK Aaqb Pvwjq hZ ne| Avi KziAvbi Abyev`cvVKvixK ivM bv Ki ZvK Drmvn c`vbi cvkvcvwk mZK KiZ ne Ges cqvRb Kvbv cv Avwjg _K Rb Zvi cki
Di w`Z ne|
(11) mevcwi Avgvì eySZ ne h, DvZi KvwU KvwU m`mi cZKi evwoZ hq ZvK mwVK, nvbx
ev we `xbi `vIqvZ c`vbi gZv Avgvì bB| Ze BQv Kij cZKB KziAvbi GKwU wbfihvM Abyev` wKb
Zv co `xbi gwjK welqKjv RvbZ cvib| Abvb mKj welq gZf` _vKjI KziAvbi welq gymwjgì ga
Kvbv gZf` bB| Avgiv AZ mKjK Drmvn c`vb Kwi KziAvb cvV KiZ I Zvi A_ `qgi Pv KiZ| cvkvcvwk
wiqv`ym&mvwjnxb ev Abyic Kvbv cwm QvU nv`xm Mi Abyev` cvV KiZ| Gfve gywgb Zuvi gnvb ie myenvbv Iqv
ZvAvjv I Zuvi gnvb ivm~ji () mvwba jvf Kieb| GZ Zuvi ga h Cgvb, ZvKIqv I PZbv mw ne Zvi wfwZ wZwb
wbfihvM Avwjgì _K `xbi wevwiZ vb jvf KiZ cvieb|
PZz_ welq: KziAvb gvRxì A_ wKQzUv `qg Kivi ciB wbRK dKxn, Bmjvgx vbi wekl I w`Kwb`kK ej gb Kiv G welqK mekl wechq| welqwU KziAvbi wb`kbvi mv_ mvsNwlK| Avgiv `LwQ h, gnvb Avjvn
cZK gywgbKB A_ `qg Ki n wZjvIqvZ KiZ wb`k w`qQb| Ab AvqvZ Avjvn ejb:
Contents
108
.c
om
gywgbì mKji GKmv_ ei nIqv msMZ bq, Iì cZK `ji GK Ask ei nq bv Kb, hvZ Zviv `xbi
wdKn ev Mfxi vb ARb KiZ cvi Ges Zvì mc`vqK mZK KiZ cvi, hLb Zviv Zvì KvQ wdi Avme, hvZ
Zviv mZK nq|1
G AvqvZ _K Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, gywgbì mKjB dKxn neb bv; wKQz gvbyl `xbi Mfxi vb ev wdKn
ARbi Rb evcK Aaqb I MelYvq iZ _vKeb Ges AbìK G Mfxi vb ev wdKni gvag mZK Kieb| Dfq
AvqvZi mgw^Z wb`kbv h, cZK gywgbB A_ `qg Ki KziAvb n wZjvIqvZ Kieb; Ze cZKB dKxn neb
bv; wKQz gywgb KziAvb, nv`xm I cvmwK mKj welq Mfxi Aaqb Ki dKxn neb| n wZjvIqvZ-Kvix gywgbMY Zvì
_K cqvRbxq welq wkv Kieb I mZK neb|
eZ mvaviY vb I wekl vbi G cv_K meRbxb| wPwKrmv, AvBb, wevb, cKkb I Abvb mKj welq h
Kvbv wkwZ gvbyl mvaviY Aaqbi gvag mvaviY vb ARb KiZ cvib| Ze Kvbv welq wekl nZ nj
cvwZvwbK wkvi cvkvcvwk AvRxeb Mfxi Aaqb KvUvZ nq| Kvbv wkv cwZvb ev wkv eevi gvag G mKj welq
DPZi wWwM ARb bv Ki KD hw` mvaviY covkvbvi gvag G mKj welq ZvwK i nZ Pv Kib Zvnj Zv
wZKi dj c`vb Ki| `xbx Bjgi welqwUI GKBic|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
G wbgi KqKwU welqi cwZ cvVKi `w AvKlY KiwQ:

(1) AbK gywgb evcKfve KziAvb Aaqb Kib wK KziAvb wefve wZjvIqvZ KiZ cvib bv| AevwU
AZ `ytLRbK| mvgwqK IRi MnYhvM nZ cvi| wK Gic Aev AevnZ ivLv, A_vr we wZjvIqvZ wkv Kivi
mevZK cPvq Aenjv Ki A wZjvIqvZ I A_ AaqbKB n wZjvIqvZ ej gb Kiv wbtm`n Ljvd mybvZ I
weÀvZ|
(2) A_-mn KziAvb n wZjvIqvZ Kivi gvag gywgb wbRi Cgvb, ZvKIqv, AvwLivZgywLZv I Avjvni mv_
mK kvwbZ Kieb| Ze AvwjgMYi fyj aiv, Bmjvgx eevi mskvab, msvi ev mgvjvPbv Kiv, Kvb& welqwU Bmjvg
mgw_Z I Kvb&wU Bmjvg mgw_Z bq BZvw` welq gZ Ìqvi Rb KziAvb Aaqbi cvkvcvwk Aviv AbK evcK I
cvwZvwbK Aaqb Riix|
(3) KziAvbi Abyev` cvV Ki A_ wkv I Aviex fvlvq cvi`wlZvi gvag KziAvb Abyaveb Kiv GK bq| KziAvb
GKwU AjwKK M| Gi cwZwU k I evKi wewfb cKvii A_, gg, ebv I evcKZv AvQ| Abyev`K Zvi Abyev` G
mKj A_ I ggi GKwUgv w`K cKvk KiZ cvib| GRb Abyev` covi A_ KziAvb gvRxì GKwU A_i Abyev` cvV|
GZ gywgb g~j welqwU RvbZ cvib| wK ZvwK Kvbv welq cwZv ev Lb KiZ GZUzKzB h_ bq|
(4) mgKvjxb Aviex fvlvq cvi`wkZv I KziAvbi Aviex fvlvq cvi`wkZv GK welq bq| AMwYZ Aviex ki
A_i ga Kgewk cwieZb NUQ| GQvov kvwK A_ I KziAvbi cwifvlv I eenvii ga AbK cv_K iqQ|
Gjv Abyaveb ewZiK wdKnx ev ZvwK Kvbv gZev` c`vb ev Lb Kiv evZzjZv gv|
(5) Avjvn myenvbv Iqv ZvAvjv KziAvb evisevi ejQb h, wZwb Zuvi gnvb ivm~j ()-K `y cKvii Inx c`vb
KiQb: (1) wKZve Ges (2) wnKgvn| wKZve MvKvi KziAvb wnme msKwjZ| Avi ivm~jyjv n () ZuvK c` wnKgvn ev
cvK K_v ev Kgi gvag cKvk Ki KziAvbi eve evLv I cqvM KiQb hv nv`xm wnme msKwjZ| nv`xm I
nv`xm welqK mKj vbi evcK Aaqb Qvov KziAvb welq wekl nIqvi Kbv Kiv hvq bv|
(6) KziAvb-mybvn Abyaveb mvnvexMY I c_g cRbi gymwjgì gZ I evLvi iZ Acwimxg| gnvb Avjvn
KziAvb mvnvexMY, weklZ c_g AMMvgx gynvwRi I Avbmvi mvnvexMYi cwic~Y AbymiY cieZx gywgbì bvRvZ I mdjZvi
gvcKvwV wnme DjL KiQb| nv`xm kixd cieZx cRbjvi iZ DjL Kiv nqQ| KvRB mvnvexMY I cieZx
cRbjvi Avwjgì gZ, Kg I cv mK evcK Aaqb Qvov KD KziAvbi wekl nZ cvib bv|
Dcii welqjvi AvjvK n wZjvIqvZ I dKxnMYi gvag mZK nIqvi ga mg^qi Rb cwZwU
gywgbi `vwqZ KziAvb Kvixgi we wZjvIqvZ-Gi cvkvcvwk Kvbv cwm I wbfihvM Avwjg ev cwZvbi Abyevì Dci
wbfi Ki A_ Abyaveb-mn KziAvbi n wZjvIqvZ Av`vq mP _vKv| me nj KziAvb eySvi gZ Aviex wkL KziAvbi
A_ Abyavebi Pv Kiv| KziAvb Abyavebi Kvbv AZv ev ck `Lv w`j wbfihvM wekl dKxn Avwjgì
gyL ev M _K Di Rb bqv| cvwZvwbK Bmjvgx wkvcv wekl Avwjg Qvov Ab Kviv gZK P~ov ev wbfihvM
Contents

ej gb bv Kiv| vbi Anvii welv Qvej _K wbRK iv Kiv|
109
om
1. 17. 11. KziAvb wZjvIqvZi Avè I wbqg

KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, MelYv, AvjvPbv BZvwì AbK gvmb~b Avè nv`xm I mvnvexMYi eei AvjvK AvwjgMY
wewfb M wjwce KiQb| GLvb msc wKQy cqvRbxq welq wjLwQ:
1. h_vme Ih~-mn Avèi mv_ wZjvIqvZ Kiv|
2. me nj wgmIqvK Ki myì cvkvK em wZjvIqvZ Kiv| Ze em q ùvwoq, nuvUZ PjZ mevevq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ
Kiv hvq|
3. we wZjvIqvZ Kiv|
4. wZjvIqvZi mgq A_i w`K Lqvj ivLv Ges h_v me A_K `q RvMiK Ki `qK bvov Ìqv|
5. wZjvIqvZi mgq mvR`vi AvqvZ mvR`v Kiv, Zvmexni AvqvZ Zvmexn cov, cyivii AvqvZ cyivi PvIqv I
Avhvei AvqvZ Avhve _K Avkq PvIqv|
6. wZjvIqvZi mgq gbK h_vme webxZ I Avjvni ingZi Rb evKzj ivLv|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
7. wZjvIqvZi mv_ mv_ mvagZ webxZ `q `b Kiv| ivm~jyjvn KziAvb wZjvIqvZi mgq PvLi cvwb eBq
`b KiZb| gyLPvcv `b Zvi eyKi ga k DVZ| Avey eKi (iv), Dgvi (iv) I Abvb mvnvevq KivgI
mvjvZ I mvjvZi evBi KziAvb wZjvIqvZi mgq `b VKvZ cviZb bv|
8. GKv cqvRb Qvov wZjvIqvZi mgq Kviv mv_ K_v ejvi Rb wZjvIqvZ KU bv Ìqv| h_vme gbvhvMi mv_
wZjvIqvZ kl Ki K_v ejv|
9. wZb w`bi Kg KziAvb LZg bv Kiv| h_me cwZ gvm ev 2/3 gvm GKevi LZg Kiv|
10. Nii KziAvbK dj bv ivLv| cwZw`b AZ wKQy mgq Zv `L cvV Kiv|
11. ighvb gvm ewk ewk wZjvIqvZ Kiv|
12. gyL _vKjI h_vme `L `L KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kiv ; KviY KziAvb kixdi (gymnvdi) cvq bRi eyjvbvB GKwU
Bev`Z|
13. cwZ eQi AZ GKevi Dg wZjvIqvZ KiZ cvib Ggb KvDK wZjvIqvZ Ki bvb|1
1. 18. whKi welqK KqKwU weavb
w
w
.a
ss
1. 18. 1. whKi MYbv I Zvmexn-gvjv cm

Avgiv 9 cKvi whK&ii AvjvPbv kl KiwQ| cieZx Aavq ceki c~e Avgiv Zvmexn ev nvZ whK&i MYbvi welqwU
AvjvPbv KiZ PvB| Avgiv wewfb nv`xm `Ljvg h, whK&i `yfve Av`vq Kiv hvq : ewk ewk cvV Ki Ges wbw` msLK cvV
Ki| wbw` msLK whK&ii Rb MYbvi cqvRb| wK Avgiv `wL h, Kvbv Kvbv mvnvex I cieZx Bgvg whK&i MYbv KiZ
wbla KiQb| Zviv ejZb, AvjvnB Zv MYbv KiQb, Zzwg Kb MYbv Kie| Zzwg wK Avjvni KvQ hq Y wnme eyS be?
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (in) I nvbvdx BgvgMY whK&i I Zvmexn-Zvnjxj MYbv gvKin ej RbQb| Bgvg Zvnvex Bgvg
gynvv` I Bgvg Avey BDm~di mb` Bgvg Avey nvbxdv _K welqwU DjL KiQb|2
Beby gvmE` (iv) whK&i MYbv KiZ `Lj ejZb, Zvgvì Mvbvnjv MYbv Ki wnme Ki ivL, mvIqve
MYbvi cqvRb bB|3
DKev Beby myenvb bvgvK GKRb Zveqx ejb, Avwg Avyjv n Beby DgviK ck Kijvg, hw` KD whK&ii mgq Zvi
Zvmexn-Zvnjxj wnmve Ki ivL Zvnj Kx ne? wZwb ejjb :
4
myenvbvjvn! Zvgiv wK Avjvni wnmve be ?

G mKj nv`xmi AvjvK Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (ivn) Zvmexn Zvnjxj MYbv gvKin gb KiQb| Bgvg Zvnvex (in)
ejb, h mKj whK&i nv`xm kixd wbw` msLvq Av`vqi wb`kbv iqQ, m mKj whK&ii gywgbi DwPZ Zv MYbv
Ki cvV Kiv| KviY MYbv Qvov wbw` msLv c~iY nqQ wKbv Ges Avjvni Iqv`vKZ mvIqvei cwigvY whK&i cvwjZ nqQ
wKbv Zv Rvbvi Dcvq bB| GRb G mKj whK&i MYbv Ki cvjb KiZ ne| Avi hmKj whK&i mvaviYfve cvjb Kivi
wb`k Ìqv nqQ, wekl msLvi Rb wekl mvIqve eYbv Kiv nqwb, mmKj whK&i MYbv Kiv evZzjZv| mB Avjvni
wnmve MnYi ck Avm| wbavwiZ msLK whK&ii AwZwi mKj mvaviY whK&ii gywgbi `vwqZ Kvbv iKg MYbv ev
Contents
110
wnmve Qvov h_vme ewk ewk Ges h_vme gbvhvM mnKvi GmKj whK&ii evK DPviY Kieb| wnmveci
`vwqZ iveyj Avjvgxbi Dci Qo èb|1
mvnvex I ZveqxMYi Kg _K Rvbv hvq h, mvjvZ, mvjvg, Zvmexn, ZvKexi, Zvnjxj, Zvngx` BZvw` whK&i, hv
mvaviYfve ewk ewk Av`vq Kivi wb`k Ìqv nqQ Zv AbK wbRi myweavgZv wbw` msLvq Ihxdv wnmve wbaviY Ki
wbqQb| hgb, KD KD mvivw`b 1000 evi mvjvZ ev Zvmexn ev Zvnjxj Kieb ej wbRi Rb wbaviY Ki wbqQb|
Gjv Zuviv Y Av`vq KiZb| Gi AwZwi AMwYZ whK&i Zuviv Av`vq KiZb|2
GLb ck: msLv wbavwiZ whK&i wKfve MYbv Kie? Zvmexn eenvi Ki? bv nvZi Ki MYbv Ki? Zvmexn eenvi
weÀvZ wK bv? G cki Di, whK&i MYbvi Rb `vbv ev Zvmexn eenvi bv-Rvqh ev weÀvZ bq| Ze nvZi Avyj viv
MYbv Kiv Dg; KviY ivm~jyjv n wbR whK&i nvZ MYbv KiZb| Avyjvn Beby Avgi (iv) ejb:
[ ]

Avwg bexRx ()-K `Ljvg wZwb wbRi nvZ [Wvb nvZ] Zvmexni wMV w`Qb (MYbv KiQb)| nv`xmwUi mb`
om
mnxn|3
GQvov ivm~jjy vn nvZ MYbv KiZ Drmvn w`qQb| gwnjv mvnvex BDmvBivn (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ()
AvgvìK ejQb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
Zvgiv gwnjvMY AekB Zvmexn (myenvbvjvn), Zvnjxj (jv- Bjvnv Bjjv n), ZvK`xm (myeyb Ky~mby ) Kie Ges
Avyji wMU MYbv Kie ; KviY GìK wKqvgZi w`b ck Kiv ne Ges K_v ejvbv ne| (Giv whK&ii mv c`vb
Kie|) nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn|4
cvkvcvwk `vbv ev Zvmexn-gvjv viv whK&i MYbv Rvqh I mvnvex-ZveqxMY KZK eeZ| wewfb nv`xm Avgiv `wL h,
ivm~jyjvn Kvbv Kvbv mvnvexK `vbv ev exwPi viv Zvmexn-Zvnjxj ev whK&i MYbv KiZ `LQb| wZwb ZuvìK Gfve
MYbv KiZ wbla Kibwb, Ze msw I Dg whK&ii Dc`k c`vb KiQb| G mKj nv`xm _K fve eySv hvq h, KuvKi,
`vbv, exwP BZvwì gvag whK&i MYbv mybv n-mZ Rvqh|
w
w
.a
ss
cieZx hyM Kvbv Kvbv mvnvex I Zveqx _K Rgv Kiv KuvKi, `vbv, wMiv Ìqv myZv ev Zvmexn eenvii K_v Rvbv
hvq| Avey mvwdqv (iv) bvgK GKRb mvnvex cv fwZ KuvKi ivLZb| dRii mvjvZi ci wcni ch wZwb Gjv w`q whK&i
KiZb| Avevi weKvjI Abyic KiZb| mv` Beby Avex Iqvvm KuvKi w`q Zvmexn Zvnjxj I whK&i KiZb| Bgvg mvBbi
Kbv dvwZgv wMV Ìqv myZv (Zvmexni gZv) viv MYbv Ki Zvmexn Zvnjxj KiZb| Avey ivBiv (iv)-Gi 1000 wU wMiv
Ìqv GKwU myZv wQj| wZwb G msLK Zvmwen-Zvnjxj cvV bv Ki NygvZb bv| GQvov wZwb KuvKi Rgv Ki Zv w`q whK&i KiZb
ej ewYZ AvQ| Avey `vi`v (iv) LRyii exwP GKwU _ji ga ivLZb| dRii mvjvZi ci mjv evwni Ki whK&ii
gvag MYbv Ki kl KiZb|
Avjvgv kvIKvbx, mq~Zx, Avyi ivDd gybvex cgyLi AvjvPbvq gb nq Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (iv) I Zvi mxMY ev
gvhnvei BgvgMY Qvov c~ehyMi AwaKvsk dKxn I Bgvg whK&i MYbv ev Zvmexn eenvi KiZ wbla Kibwb| Bgvg
Rvjvjyxb myqZ
~ x (911 wn) G welq GKwU Qv eB wjLQb|5 mevevq ivm~jjy vn () -Gi mybvZ I wb`kbv msLv wbavwiZ
whK&i nvZi Avyj MYbv Kiv| cqvRb, weklZ hviv Ihxdv wnme `wbK ewk msLK whK&i wbRi Rb wbavwiZ Ki
wbqQb Zviv Zvmexn, KuvKi, exwP, Qvjv, BZvw` eenvi KiZ cvib|
1. 18. 2. me`v Avjvni whK&i KiZ ne
mvwbZ cvVK, Avgiv whK&ii cKvif` I dhxjZ AvjvPbv kl KiwQ| GLvb h welqwU Avgvì j ivLv
cqvRb, gywgbi Rxebi AweQ` Ask whK&i| whK&ii Ggb Kvbv mgq bB ev Aev bB h, m mgq ev Aevq whK&i
KiZ ne, Ab mgq KiZ ne bv| gywgb m`v me`v Avjvni whK&i iZ _vK| Avqkv (iv) ejQb :
Contents

bexRx () mKj Aevq Avjvni whK&i KiZb|1
111
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
GLvb whK&i ejZ gyLi DPviYi gvag whK&i eySvbv nqQ| gbi iY Zv me`vqB _vK| mKj Aevq
Kvbv bv Kvbv Kg gywgb Ki| wK mKj Aevq Avjvni whK&i Kiv hve wKbv? bvcvK Aevq? q, em, ùvwoq, nuvUZ,
PjZ? G cki DiB Avqkv (iv) G K_v ejQb| Avi G _K gymwjg Dvi Bgvg, gynvwm I dKxnMY G K_vB
eySQb| GRb Zuviv G nv`xm _K cgvwYZ KiQb h, bvcvK Aevq, q, em, ùvwoq, ivvNvU, gvV Ges mevevq
gywgb ev`v gyL gvmb~b evKvw` DPviY Ki Avjvni whK&i KiZ cvieb| mvjvZ, mvjvg, Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, `yAv I mKj
cKvi whK&ii welqB GK_v chvR|2 aygv Bwv iZ Aevq I ^vgx-x GKv Aevq Qvov me`v mKj Aevq gywgbi
wRnv ecivqvfve Avjvni whK&i Av` _vKe| ivm~jyjv n -Gi wb`k GwU Ges GwUB Zuvi I Zuvi mvnvexMYi Rxebi
Av`k I Kg|3
1. 18. 3. KziAvb wZjvIqvZi Rb Ih~ I Mvmj
Dcii nv`xm _K Avgiv Rvbjvg h, mevevq whKi KiZ ne| KziAvb wZjvIqvZI wK G weavbi Af
y ?
cvK-bvcvK mKj Aevq wK KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kiv hve? KziAvb nvZ wbq wK cvV Kiv hve? G welq mvnvexMYi hyM
_K gZf` we`gvb| GLvb KqKwU welq iqQ: (1) Ahywenxb Aevq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, (2) Mvmjwenxb Aevq
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, (3) IS~ ev Mvmjwenxb Aevq KziAvb k| Avgiv wbP welqjv msc AvjvPbv KiwQ|
c_g I ZZxq welq Zgb Kvbv gZf` bB| wewfb mnxn nv`xmi wfwZ DvZi mKj Avwjg GKgZ h, Ih~
wenxb Aevq KziAvb Kvixg k bv Ki gyL ev `L `L wZjvIqvZ Kiv Rvqh| Abyicfve wewfb mnxn nv`xmi
AvjvK DvZi cvq mKj Bgvg I dKxn GKgZ h, Ih~ ev Mvmj wenxb Aevq KziAvb Kvixg mivmvwi k Kiv ea bq|
Ze eZgvb mgq KwZcq dKxn Ih~-wenxb Aevq KziAvb k ea ejQb| GRb msc welqwU AvjvPbv KiwQ|
bvcvK Aevq ev Ih~-wenxb Aevq KziAvb k Kivi wblavvq mnxn nv`xm ewYZ| Beb Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn
ejb:
cwe ew Qvov KD KziAvb k Kie bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|4

Ab nv`xm Zvweqx Avyjvn Beb Ave~ evKi Beb gynvv` Beb Avgi Beb nvhg Avbmvix (65-135 wn) ejb, Avgvi
`v`v mvnvex Avgi Beb nvhgK (iv) ivm~jjy vn h c wjLwQjb, ZvZ wZwb wjLwQjb:
ss
w
w
.a
cwe ew Qvov KD KziAvb k Kie bv| G nv`xmwU AbKKjv mb` ewYZ| cZK mb`B wKQz `yej Zv
we`gvb| Ze mewj mbì wfwZ Bgvg Avng` Beb nv^vj, Bgvg BmnvK Beb ivnIqvBwn, Bgvg nvwKg, Bgvg hvnvex, kvBL
bvwmixb Avjevbx I Abvb cvPxb I mgKvjxb gynvwm nv`xmwUK mnxn ej wbwZ KiQb|5
Dcii nv`xmjvi wfwZ Acwe- A_vr Mvmj dih _vKv Aevq A_ev Ahy-wenxb- Aevq KziAvb gvRx` k
Kiv wbwl nIqvi welq Pvi gvhnvei BgvgMY-mn gymwjg Dvni cvq mKj dKxn G welq GKgZ|6 cwm nv^vjx dKxn
Beb Kz`vgv (620 wn) ejb:

...

.

Dfq cKvii bvcvwK _K cwe bv nq KziAvb k Kiv ea bq| ... Avi GwU Ab wZb Bgvg- gvwjK, kvwdqx I
nvbvdxMYiI gZ| GKgv (ZZxq wnRix kZKi cwm dKxn) `vE` hvwnix (201-270 wn) Qvov Avi KD G welq wfbgZ
cvlY KiQb ej Avgvì Rvbv bB| GKgv wZwbB Acwe (Ih~ ev Mvmj Qvov) KziAvb k ea ejQb|7
mvnvexMYi ga Avjx, Beb gvmE`, mv` Beb Avex Iqvvm, mvqx` Beb hvB`, mvjgvb dvwimx, Avyjv n Beb Dgvi ()
Contents
112
1
I Abvb dKxn mvnvex Ih~ ev Mvmj wenxb Aevq KziAvb k Kiv wbla KiQb| Beb ZvBwgqv (ivn) ejb,
Gì wecixZ Kvbv mvnvex Ih~ wenxb Aevq KziAvb k Kiv ea ejQb ej Rvbv hvq bv|2
DjL h, dKxnMY wk-wKkvi Qv-Qvxi Rb Ih~ Qvov KziAvb k ea ejQb| KviY wkvi Rb evievi KziAvb
k Kiv Zvì Rb cqvRb Ges Zviv bvevjM nIqvi KviY Zvì Rb kixqZi weavb chvR bq| GQvov KziAvbi Zvdmxi,
nv`xmM, I KziAvb m^wjZ Abvb mKj M Ih~ I Mvmjwenxb Aevq k Kiv ea ej Zuviv GKgZ|3
Mvmj dih _vKv Aevq I gwnjvì ^vfvweK imve Aevq KziAvb k bv Ki ay wZjvIqvZi eaZvi welq
mvnvexMYi hyM _K dKxnMY wKQz gZf` KiQb| Bgvg kvwdqx, Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv Ges Bgvg Avngì cwm gZ G mKj
Aevq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ wbwl ej MY KiQb| Bgvg gvwjK-Gi gZ Mvmj dih Aevq wZjvIqvZ wbwl; Ze gwnjvì
imvei mgq wZjvIqvZ ea| nv^vjx gvhnvei GwU wZxq gZ| KqKwU nv`xmi wfwZ Zuviv G AwfgZ cvlY KiQb|4
(1) Avjx (iv) ejb:
.c
om
ivm~jyjvn RvbvevZ ev Mvmji bvcvK Aev Qvov mKj Aevq AvgvìK KziAvb covZb|
nv`xmwUi g~j eYbvKvix Avyjvn Beb mvwjgv-Gi welq Bgvg eyLvix I Abvb gynvwm Avcw KiQb| GRb nv`xmwUi
MnYhvMZvi welq gZf` iqQ| Bgvg wZiwghx nv`xmwUK nvmvb-mnxn ejQb|5 Bgvg nvwKg, nvBmvgx, kvBL AvBe
AvibvEZ, cgyL gynvwmI nv`xmwUK MnYhvM ev nvmvb ej DjL KiQb|6 cvi Bgvg kvwdqx, Bgvg beex, Avjevbx I
Abvb gynvwm nv`xmwUK `yej ejQb|7
un
na
ht
ru
st
(2) Beb Dgvi ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejb:
bvcvK ew Ges FZzeZx gwnjv KziAvbi wKQzB cvV Kie bv| nv`xmwU `yej|8
(3) Zvweqx Avex`vn mvjgvbx ejb:
Dgvi Bebyj Lvve (iv) bvcvK Aevq KziAvb cvV gvKin ev AcQ`bxq ej MY KiZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|9
(4) Zvweqx Aveyj Avixd ejb, Avjx (iv) ejb:
10
w
w
.a
ss
bvcvK ew KziAvbi wKQzB cvV Kie bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|

Gi wecixZ Kvbv Kvbv mvnvex, Zvweqx I cieZx dKxn Mvmj dihi bvcvK Aevq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ ea ejQb|
Zuvì ga iqQb mvnvex Avyjv n Beb Avevm (iv), Zvweqx mvqx` Bebyj gymvBwqe, mvqx` Beby RyevBi, Bgvg eyLvix, Bgvg Zvevix
I Abvb dKxn|11
mvgwMK wePvi Gic bvcvK Aevq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ wbwl nIqvi gZwUB mwVK| wblavv welq ivm~jyjv n - _K
ewYZ `ywU nv`xmi ga GKwU nv`xmK AbK gynvwmB MnYhvM ej MY KiQb| GQvov Lyjvdvq ivk`xbi `yRb _K mnxn
mb` wblavv ewYZ| Gi wecixZ mvnvexMYi ga ay Beb Avevm (iv) _K eaZvi gZ ewYZ| Avi GRbB Pvi Bgvg-mn
AwaKvsk dKxn G gZwUB MnY KiQb|
wbgi `ywU mnxn nv`xm G gZ mg_b Ki:

(1) Aveyj RynvBg Bebyj nvwim Avbmvix (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn wei Rvgvj-Gi w`K _K AvMgb KiwQjb| GgZvevq
GKew ZuvK `L mvjvg `q| wZwb Zvi mvjvgi Di bv w`q GKwU Ìqvji wbKU hq Zvqvyg Kib Ges Zvici mvjvgi
Di `b|12
Contents

(2) gynvwRi Beb Kzbdzh (iv) ejb, wZwb ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi wbKU Mgb Kib| ZLb wZwb cmve KiwQjb|
wZwb ZuvK mvjvg `b| wZwb mvjvgi Di bv w`q Ih~ Kib Ges Gici ejb:
113
( )
Avwg cwe Aevq Qvov Avjvni whKiK gvKin-AcQ`bxq ej gb Kijvg (GRb Zvgvi mvjvgi Di w`jvg bv)|
nv`xmwU mnxn|1
G cm kvBL Avjevbx ejb, G nv`xmwU myfve cgvY Ki h, bvcvK ewi Rb KziAvb wZjvIqvZ gvKin| KviY
Ih~ wenxb Aevq mvjvg hw` gvKin ev AcQ`bxq nq; Ze bvcvK Aevq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Aviv ewk gvKin ev AQ`bxq nIqv
DwPZ...|2
1. 18. 4. mvR`vq KziAvbi `yAv cvV
wewfb nv`xm iKz-mvR`vi ga KziAvb cvV wbla Kiv nqQ| GKwU nv`xm Avjx (iv) ejb:
om

Avgvi wcqZg () AvgvK iKz-iZ Aevq A_ev mvR`v-iZ Aevq KziAvb coZ wbla KiQb|3
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
AbKi gbB ck RvM h, mvR`vq KziAvbi Kvbv ee `yAv wnme cvV Kiv hve wK bv? eZ, `yAv wZjvIqvZ bq;
eis gnvb Avjvni mv_ cv_bvKvixi K_v| wZwb ay KziAvbi evKjv eenvi Ki gnvb gvwjKi mv_ K_v ejQb| GRbB bvcvK
Aevq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ wbwl njI G mgq KziAvbi `yAvjv cvVi eaZvi welq dKxnMY GKgZ|
Ave~ hvi (iv) ejb:
) :
....(

ivm~jyjvn GKivZ (Zvnvyì) mvjvZ Av`vq Kib| wZwb GKwU AvqvZB cvV KiwQjb Ges iKzZ I mvR`vqI AvqvZwU
(m~iv gvwq`v: 118) cvV KiwQjb: Avcwb hw` Zvi`K kvw `b Ze Zviv Zv AvcbviB ev`v, Avi Avcwb hw` ZvìK gv
Kib Ze Avcwb Zv gnvcivv cvgq|... wZwb ejb, Avwg Avgvi iei KvQ Avgvi DvZi Rb kvdvAvZ cv_bv
KiwQjvg...| nv`xmwU nvmvb|4
G nv`xmwU wbwZfve cgvY Ki h, mvR`vq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ wbwl njI, KziAvbi evK eenvi Ki gnvb Avjvni
mv_ K_vcK_b Kiv ev `yAv Kiv wbwl bq; eis mybvn wb`wkZ|5
w
w
.a
ss
1. 18. 5. gvZfvlvq whKi I `yAv cvV

ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi kLvbv whKi I `yAvwj A_ `qg Ki g~j AviexZ cvV KijB gnvb Avjvni whKi I `yAvi
cKZ ^v`, Zw, Avb` I AvavwZKZv jvf Kiv hvq| KviY Zuvi fvlvi h Ac~e KvVvgv I c~YZv Zv Kvbvfve Abfvlvq fvlvi
Kiv hvq bv| gvwjKx, kvwdqx I nv^vjx gvhnvei dKxnMY mvaviYfve AviexZ Ag ewi Rb Abvie fvlvq mvjvZi ga
whKi I `yAv cvV ea ejQb| nvbvdx gvhnvei BgvgvMY AviexZ AcviMi Rb mvjvZi ga Abvie fvlv eenvi ea ejjI
cieZx dKxnMY Zv gvKin ejQb| G cm Bgvg mvivLmx ejb:

...

...
hw` mvjvZi ZvKexi dvi&mx fvlvq ej Ze Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn)-Gi gZ Zv Rvqh ne|...Ave~ BDmyd I gynvvì
gZ Zv Rvqh ne bv, Ze AviexZ cvig bv nj Rvqh ne| mvjvZi ga Zvkvn&n`~ dvimxZ cvV Kiv ... I GKB
gZf` 6
mvjvZi ga Abvie fvlvq whKi-`yAv cm Avjvgv kvgx ejb:
...

...

Contents

114
nvbvdx gvhnvei ewYZ gZ h Zv gvKin| ... evnZ cZxqgvb nq h, Zv Abyg ev AbywPZ chvqi Ges gvKin
Zvbhxnx| ... Abvie fvlvq `yAv Kiv mvjvZi ga gvKin Zvnixgx Ges mvjvZi evBi gvKin Zvbhxnx nIqvI Ame
bq|1
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
mvgwMK wePvi cZK AvMnx gywgbi DwPZ gvmb~b `yAv I whKiwi A_-mn AviexZ gyL Kiv Ges mvjvZi ga Zv
cvV Kiv| GKv Ag nj hZw`b Aviex `yAv gyL bv nq ZZw`b bdj ev Zvnvyì mvjvZi ga I mvR`vq gvmb~b `yAvwji
A_ gvZfvlvq cvV Kiv AbywPZ njI wbwl ne bv ejB Avgiv Avkv Kwi| gvmb~b `yAvjv gyL bv nIqv ch mvjvZi evBi
eB nvZ `L `L Aviex `yAv cvV Kiv hvq| cqvRb ay evsjv A_ cvV KiI `yAv Kiv hvq| Ze Pv KiZ ne gvmb~b Aviex
`yAv gyL Kivi| AvjvnB fvj Rvbb|
Contents
115
wZxq Aavq
ejvqvZi c_ whKii mv_
Avgiv `Ljvg, Avjvni ejvqvZ ARb gywgbi AbZg Kvg I Rxebi AbZg j| Avi G j ARb whK&i
AbZg Aej^b| Ze bdj chvqi whK&ii gvag ejvqvZ ARbi c~e gywgbK Aviv AbK Kg KiZ nq| hjvi
AeZgvb mKj whK&i A_nxb I fvwgZ cwiYZ nZ cvi| G Aavq Avgiv G mKj welq AvjvPbv Kie| GQvov whK&ii
b~bZg ev cwic~Y dhxjZ ARbi Rb cqvRbxq wKQz welq AvjvPbv KiZ PvB| Avjvni wbKU ZvIdxK cv_bv KiwQ|
2. 1. we Cgvb
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avjvn Zuvi ejvqvZi Rb `ywU welq DjL KiQb: Cgvb I ZvKIqv| Cgvbi cwiPq KziAvb-mybvni AvjvK Bmjvgx
AvKx`v M wevwiZ AvjvPbv KiwQ| G welq wevwiZ AvjvPbv G eBqi Kjei ew Kie| Avevi G welq mvewYK
mPZbZv Qvov mKj Bev`ZB A_nxb| GRb GLvb msc Z_m~ ewZiK KqKwU welq AvjvPbv KiwQ| Cgvb, wkiK, Kzdi
BZvw` welqK wevwiZ AvjvPbv, Z_v I Z_m~i Rb cvVKK Dcii eBwU cvV KiZ Abyiva KiwQ|
2. 1. 1. ZvInxì Cgvb
Cgvbi c_g Ask (jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn) mv c`vb Kiv| Bjvn ki A_ Dcvm, c~R, Bev`Z-KZ ev gve~`|
Aviex fvlvq mKj c~wRZ ew, e ev èKB Bjvn ejv nq| GRb m~hi AviK bvg Bjvnvn ( ) ev èx; KviY
Kvbv Kvbv mc`vq m~hi Dcvmbv KiZ|
AviexZ Bjvnvn I Bev`vn k`ywU mgv_K| Bev`Z A_ ( ) P~ov webgZv-fw| kwU Ave` ev `vm
_K MnxZ| `vmZ ejZ De~w`qvZ I Bev`Z `ywU k eeZ nq| De~w`qvZ (slavery) A_ jwKK ev RvMwZK `vmZ| Avi
Bev`Z (worship, veneration) A_ AjwKK, ARvMwZK ev Acvw_e `vmZ| mKj hyM mKj `ki gvbylB Rxeb, gZz
BZvw` AwZcwiwPZ ki gZ Bev`Z, Dcvmbv, worship, veneration BZvw` ki A_ ^vfvweKfveB eyS| gvbyl Ab
gvbyli `vmZ KiZ cvi, Ze m Ab h Kvbv gvbyl ev mvi Bev`Z ev Dcvmbv Ki bv| ay hvi ga AjwKK ev
Acvw_e gZv AvQ, BQv KijB gj Kivi ev Agj Kivi ev Zv iva Kivi AjwKK kw ev AwZcvKwZK gZv AvQ
ej wekvm Ki ZviB Bev`Z Ki|
Gfve Avgiv `LwQ h, jv Bjvnv Bjvjv evKwUi A_ Avjvn Qvov Kvbv gve~` ev Dcvm bB| A_vr Bev`Z,
Dcvmbv, Avivabv, P~ov fw cvIqvi hvM Dcvm ev gve~` GKgv wZwbB| GRb G wekvmi bvg ZvInx` ev GKZi
wekvm|
GLvb DjL h, KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK ZvInxì b~bZg `ywU chvq iqQ: (1) vb chvqi ZvInx` I (2) Kg
chvqi ZvInx`|
w
w
.a
c_g cKvii ZvInx`K ZvInx`yi ie~weqvn ev cwZcvjbi GKZ ejv nq| G chvq gnvb Avjvni Kg I
YvewjZ ZuvK GK I AwZxq ej wekvm Kiv nq| wekvm Kiv nq h, AvjvnB G gnvweki GKgv mv, cwZcvjK,
cwiPvjK, msnviK, wiwhK`vZ, cvjbKZv, weavb`vZv... BZvw`| G mKj Kg Zuvi Kvbv kixK ev mgK bB|
wZxq cKvii ZvInx`K ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ ev Bev`vZi ZvInx` ejv nq| G chvq ev`vi Kg AvjvnK GK ej
wekvm Kiv nq| A_vr ev`vi mKj cKvi Bev`vZ: mvR`v, cv_bv, RevB, DrmM, gvbZ, ZvIqvzj, BZvw` GKgv AvjvniB
cvc ej wekvm Kiv|
ZvInxì G `ywU chvq GK Acii m~iK| GKwUK ev` w`q AbwUi Dci Cgvb Gb gymwjg nIqv hvq bv|
Ze Bmjvgx wekvm ev (jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn)-Z g~jZ wZxq chvq ev ZvInx`yj Djywnqvn&-i mv Ìqv nqQ| KviY
KziAvb I nv`xmi eYbvbymvi gvi KvwdiMY Ges mKj hyMi Kvwdi-gykwiKMY AwaKvsk ZvInx`yi ie~weqvn ev c_g
chvqi ZvInx` wekvm KiZ| Zviv GKevK ^xKvi KiZ h, AvjvnB GKgv mwKZv, cvjbKZv, wiwhK`vZv, wZwbB mekwgvb
Ges mKj wKQzi GKgv gvwjK wZwbB|1 G wekvm wbq Zviv gnvb Avjvni Bev`vZ KiZ| ZuvK mvR`v KiZ, Zuvi bvg gvbZ
KiZ, Zuvi KvQ cv_bv KiZ, mvnvh PvBZ, ZuvK Lywk KiZ n, Dgiv Kzievbx BZvw` Avgj KiZ| Ze Zviv Gi cvkvcvwk
Abvb èèx, bex, wdwikZv, Ijx, cv_i, MvQMvQvwj BZvwì c~Rv Dcvmbv KiZ|
Avjvn Qvov Kvbv iveyj Avjvgxb bB, mekwgvb bB BZvw` wekvm KijI Avjvn Qvov Kvbv gve~` bB, Avjvn
Qvov Ab Kviv Bev`Z ev P~ov fw Kiv hve bv- G K_vwU Zviv gvbZv bv| Zvì `vwe wQj, wKQy gvbyl, wRb I wdwikZv
AvQb hviv gnvb Avjvni LyeB wcq| Zuvì WvKj ev Zuvì fw Kij Avjvn Lywk nb I Zuvi bKU, cg I mw ARb
Contents
116
Kiv hvq| GQvov Zviv wekvm KiZ h, G mKj wcq mwi mycvwik Avjvn bb| KvRB Gì KvQ cv_bv Kij
Giv Avjvni wbKU _K mycvwik Ki fi gbvevbv c~Y Ki `b| GRb Zviv G mKj wdwikZv, wRb, gvbyl, bex, Ijx ev
KwZ ewZi g~wZ, mgvwa, wZweRwoZ ev bvgRwoZ vb ev èK mvb KiZ Ges mLvb Zvì Dk mvR`v, gvbZ,
Kzievbx BZvw` KiZ|1
GKviY Bmjvg Bev`Zi ZvInxì Dci g~j iZ Avivc Kiv nqQ| g~jZ Gi gvagB Cgvb I wkiKi ga
cv_K m~wPZ nq|
ZvInxì wekvmi 6wU w`K iqQ, hjvK AviKvbyj Cgvb ejv nq| (1) Avjvni cwZ wekvm, (2) Avjvni
wdwikZvMY wekvm, (3) Avjvni Mm g~n wekvm, (4) Avjvni cwiZ bex-ivm~jMY wekvm, (5) AvLivZi wekvm, (6) Avjvni
vb I wbaviY ev ZvK`xi wekvm| Bmjvgx AvKx`v eBwU _K Gwj RvbZ cvVKK Abyiva KiwQ|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
2. 1. 2. wimvjvZi Cgvb
Cgvbi wZxq Ask (gynvv`yi ivm~jyjvn) A_ev (gynvv`vb Ave&`y Iqv ivm~jy ) A_vr gynvv` ()-K Avjvni ev`v
I ivm~j wnme wekvm Kiv| msc GK wimvjvZ-Gi Cgvb ejv nq|
(Ave`) A_ ev`v, `vm ev xZ`vm| AviexZ cwZwU gvbylKB Avjvni Ave&` ev ev`v ejv nq| Gfve Ave&` A_B gvbyl
Ges gvLj~K ev m| c~eeZx bexMYi DvZì Cgvb web nq wkiK wbcwZZ nIqvi g~j KviY wQj bexMY ev IjxMYi welq
AwZfw Kiv, ZvìK Avjvn mv ev hvZi Ask, cKvk, Avjvni mv_ GKxf~Z ev dvbv I evKv cv, Bjvvnxq ev HkwiK gZvi
AwaKvix BZvw` gb Kiv| mekl DvZK G mKj wkiK _K iv Kivi Rb gynvv` ()-Gi wimvjvZi wekvmi mv_ Zuvi
Avew`qvZ-Gi wekvmK AweQ`fve Ryo Ìqv nqQ| wZwb Avjvni ivm~j, Ze wZwb Zuvi ev`v (`vm), gvLj~K (m) I
gvbyl| wZwb KvbvfveB Avjvni hvZ (mv) ev wmdvZ (weklY)-Gi Ask ev cKvk bb| gnvb Avjvn mKZv, gvwjK I Dcvm|
gynvv` Zuvi gvLj~K (m), ev`v (`vm) I DcvmK ivm~j|
(ivm~j) A_ evZvevnK (Messenger)| Avjvn gvbylK vb, weeK, ^vaxb BQv I wePvi kw `vb KiQb; hb gvbyl
fvj-g`, bvq-Abvq wbaviY Ki bvq I fvji c_ Pj Ges g` I Abvqi c_ _K wbRK `~i ivL| Dci gvbylK bvqi
c_i mvb I ZvKIqvi eve gWj Ìqvi Rb Avjvn hyM hyM cZK RvwZ, mgvR ev RbMvwi ga _K wKQy gvbylK
gbvbxZ Ki Zvì KvQ Inx ev cZv`ki gvag Zvi evYx I wb`k ciY KiQb| hb Zviv gvbylìK Zv wkv `vb Kib
Ges wbRì Rxeb Zvi eve I cwic~Y cqvMi gvag gvbyli mvgb eve Av`k Zzj aib| GìK Bmjvgi cwifvlvq bex
I ivm~j ejv nq|
KziAvb I nv`xmi wevwiZ w`Kwb`kbvi AvjvK gynvv` -K Avjvni ivm~j wnme wekvm Kivi A_ AwZ-msc
wbgic:
w
w
.a
ss
1. gynvv` Avjvni gbvbxZ bex I ivm~j| gvbeRvwZi gywi c_i wb`kbv `vbi Rb Zvì BnjwKK mKj
KjvY I AKjvYi c_ wkv Ìqvi Rb Avjvn ZvK gbvbxZ KiQb| gvbeRvwZi gywi c_, KjvY I AKjvYi mKj
welq Avjvn ZvK RvwbqQb Ges Zv gvbylìK wkv Ìqvi `vwqZ ZuvK `vb KiQb|
2. wZwb Avjvni gbvbxZ mekl bex I ivm~j, Zvi ci Avi Kvbv Inx bvwhj ne bv, Kvbv bex ev ivm~j Avmeb
bv|
3. gynvv` () weki mKj `ki mKj RvwZi me gvbyli Rb Avjvni gbvbxZ ivm~j| Zvi AvMgbi viv
c~eeZx mKj ag iwnZ nqQ| Zvi wimvjvZ wekvm Qvov Kvbv gvbylB gywi w`kv cve bv|
4. gynv` cwic~Y wekZvi mv_ Zuvi beyqZi I wimvjvZi `vwqZ cvjb KiQb| Avjvni mKj evYx, wkv I wb`k
wZwb cwic~Yfve Zuvi DZK wkwLq wMqQb, Kvb wKQyB wZwb Mvcb Kibwb|
5. gynvv` () hv wKQy DZK RvwbqQb mewKQyB wZwb mZ ejQb| Zvi mKj wkv, mKj K_v m`nvZxZfve
mZ|
6. AvjvnK WvKZ, Dcvmbv KiZ, Zuvi bKU ev mw ARb KiZ AekB gynvv` -Gi wkv AbymiY KiZ
ne| Zvi wkvi evBi Bev`Z Kij Zv KLbv Avjvni wbKU MnYhvM ne bv|
7. Rxebi mKj mvweKfve Zvi AvbyMZ Kiv| Rxebi mKj welq Zuvi wkv, weavb I wb`k wavnxb wP
gb bIqv| mKj gvbyli K_v I mKj gZi D Zuvi wkv I K_vK vb Ìqv|
8. Zuvi wkv Abymvi mKj gZweivai wbw Kiv| gymjgvbì ga gZweiva NUj dqmvjvi Rb Zuvi wkvi, A_vr
KziAvb- nv`xmi wkvi Avkq wbZ ne| KziAvbi ev nv`xm wb`kbf mevtKiY gb wbZ ne| Zuvi gZK mKj gZi
Ea vb w`Z ne|
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
117
9. Rxebi mKj chvq Zuvi AbymiY I AbyKiY Kiv Ges Zuvi mybvZ (RxebcwZ) Abymvi wbRK
cwiPvwjZ Kiv| Zuvi mybvZ ev Rxebv`kB gymwjgi Rb mevg Av`k ej my`p fve wekvm Kiv|
10. gynv` ()-K mevP mvb Kiv| GK_v wekvm Kiv h, wZwb me Kvji mek gvbyl, gvbeRvwZi bZv, bexivm~jì cavb| wZwb Avjvni wcqZg ev`v, Zuvi nvexe, Zuvi mePq mvwbZ ev`v, mehyMi mKj gvbyli bZv| wZwb wbvc|
beyqZ cvwi AvM I byeIy qvZi ci me Aevq Avjvn ZuvK mKj cvc, Abvq I Aciva _K iv KiQb| c_g gvbe Av`g
(Av)-Gi mwi mgqB Avjvn Zvi Rb beyqZ wbaviY Ki ivLb Ges ZvK mekl bex wnmve gbvbxZ Kib|
11. gynvv` -Gi ghv`v I mvbi evcvi cwe KziAvb I mnxn nv`xmi Dci wbfi Kiv| ivm~jjy vn -Gi cwZ
wekvm mvb Cgvbi gwjK welq Ges Cgvbi gwjK welqwj cZK gvbyli Rb _nxb I mnRevafve eYbv KivB
Inxi g~j KvR| GLvb NvicvP, evLv I BRwZnvì AeKvk ivLvi A_ Cgvb I bvRvZK KwVb Kiv|
GRb KziAvb-nv`xm Zuvi mvb, ghv`v, `vwqZ, gZv BZvw` AZ myfve ejv nqQ| gymwjgi `vwqZ Zuvi
welq KziAvb Kvixg ev mnxn nv`xm hv ejv nqQ Zv cwic~Yfve evwnK I mnR A_ mevtKiY wekvm Kiv| wbRi _K
Kvb wKQy evwoq ejv hve bv, KviY Zv AvgvìK wg_v I evovevwoi c_ Vj è, hv KziAvb I nv`xm KwVbfve wbla
Kiv nqQ| G RvZxq KqKwU iZc~Y welq:
K. KziAvb Kvixg I mnxn nv`xmi AvjvK GKRb gywgb `pfve wekvm Kib h, mKj ghv`v I mvb mn wZwb
Avjvni GKRb ev`v (`vm) I GKRb gvbyl| mwi Dcv`vb, gvbexq cKwZ I ^fve wZwb GKRb gvbyl| wZwb mek gvbyl|
Zuvi g~j ewk Zuvi gnvb Kg, Zvi gnvg Pwi| Dcv`vb, mwZ I cKwZZ Ab mevi gZ nqI wZwb mKj gvbexq `yejZv
Rq KiwQjb| Avjvni cwZ wekvm, fw, fvjevmv, Avv, Bev`Z, weavb cvjb, bqwePvi, mev BZvw` mKj w`K gvbeZvi
c~YZg wb`kb I Av`k wQjb wZwb| GwUB wQj Zuvi AbZg gywRRv| wZwb gvbeZvi c~YZvi wkLi DVwQjb, wZwb meKvji
mek gvbyl|
Gwji cvkvcvwk gnvb Avjvn ZvK AwZwi wKQy ewk `vb KiwQjb, hwj Kvb gvbylK `b wb| hgb mvaviY
gvbyli gZ Zvi Nvg Kvb `yM wQjbv, eis Zvi kixii Nvg wQj AZ myM| Zvi Nyg mvaviY gvbyli gZ wQj bv; wZwb
NygvjI Avi Zvi Ai mRvM I mPZb _vKZ| wZwb mvjvZi ga Zuvi wcQb w`KI `LZ cZb| Abyic hZ ewk
mnxn nv`xm ewYZ nqQ meB gywgb Kvbic AcevLv, evovevwo, Zzjbv ev m`n Qvov wekvm Kib|
w
w
.a
ss
L. Avjvn ZvK `ywbqv I AvwLivZi AZxZ-fwelr AbK wKQy RvwbqwQjb| mvaviY gvbyli vbi Ea AbK
Mvcbxq I fwelZi vb ZvK Avjvn `vb Kib| mv_mv_ KziAvb I nv`xm evievi NvlYv Ìqv nqQ h, mvweK MvBe
I fwelZi K_v Avjvn Qvov KD Rvbb bv| Avjvni Rvbvbv welq Qvov Kvb fwelr K_v, gbi Mvcb K_v, eZgvbi
jyvwqZ K_v, MvcbKZ Z_ BZvw` wZwb RvbZb bv ej wZwb AvgvìK KziAvb I nv`xmi gvag evievi RvwbqQb|
Avgiv Zuvi mKj K_v mijfve wekvm Kwi| GK AvqvZ viv AviK AvqvZK ev GK nv`xm viv Ab nv`xmK evwZj ev
AcevLv Kwi bv, Kvb GKwUi Rb evovevwo Kwi bv ev AwZfw Kwi bv| Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j ()-Gi mKj K_v mijfve
e gb bIqvB mevP fw|
M. Avjvni Ave` (`vm) I ivm~j wnmve ZuvK Avjvn gvbeRvwZK mZK Kiv I mymsev` c`vb Kivi `vwqZ `vb
Kib| wek RMZi cwiPvjbv, Kviv gj ev Agj Kivi `vwqZ ev gZv Avjvn ZuvK `b wb| ZuvK Avjvn AbK gywRhv
ev AjwKK wb`kb `vb KiQb| Zvi `yAvq Avjvn AMwYZ AjwKK Kg mb KiQb| GmKj AvqvZ (AjwKK wb`kb)
ev gywRhv meB Avjvni BQvq I gZvq msNwUZ nqQ| wZwb Avjvni KvQ `yAv KiZb, Avi `yAv Keyj Kiv ev bv Kiv
cyivcywiB Avjvni GLwZqvi| wZwb Avjvni wcqZg ev`v| Zvi AbK `yAv Avjvn Keyj KiQb| Avevi KLbv KLbv Keyj
Kibwb| wZwb e``yAv Kij Avjvn ZuvK wbla KiQb| Zuvi `yAvq Avjvn AmsL gvbyli Mvbvn gvd KiQb| Avjvni
AbygwZZ wZwb kvdvqvZ Kieb Ges Zuvi kvdvqvZ AmsL cvcx gymwjgK Avjvn Rvnvbvg _K gyw èb| Ze Zuvi `yAv
I kvdvqvZ Keyj Kiv Avjvni BQv| Avjvni ingZ I Zuvi ivm~ji `yAvi KjvY cvIqvi hvM K Zv Avjvn Rvjv Rvjvjy-B
fvj Rvbb|
N. wZwb Abvb mKj gvbyli gZ giYkxj| wZwb h_v mgq gZz eiY KiQb| nv`xm kixd ejv nqQ, Avjvn ZuvK
gZzi ci wekl evihvLx nvqvZ ev Rxeb wèb hvZ wZwb bvgvh coeb, DZi ì` mvjvg wdwikZvMY Zuvi KvQ cuxQveb,
wZwb Reve wèb I `yAv Kieb| nv`xm ewYZ GmKj welq Avgiv mijfve wekvm Kwi| Gwji Dci wbfi Ki evwoq Ab wKQy
ewj bv| Avgiv ewj bv h, hnZz Zuvi wekl Rxeb AvQ, mnZz wZwb LvIqv `vIqv Kib, A_ev Nyi eovb, BZwv`| wZwb
Avgvì hZUzKz Rvbvi cqvRb Zv Rvwbq w`qQb, Zvi ewk ejvi A_ Zuvi bvg Av`vh wg_v K_v ejv, hv KwVbZg cvc I
Rvnvbvgi KviY|
O. wZwb wbR Zuvi welq evovevwo AcQ` KiZb| wZwb ejb: Zvgiv Avgvi cksmvq-fwZ evovevwo Kie bv,
hgbfve Lvbiv Cmv (Av)-K wbq evovevwo KiwQj| Avwg Zv GKRb ev`v (`vm) gv, KvRB Zvgiv eje: Avjvni
Contents
118
`vm (ev`v) I ivm~j| GK`v GK ew ZuvK ejb: Avjvni gwRZ Ges Avcbvi gwRZ ..| wZwb ZvK agK
w`q ejb: Zzwg AvgvK Avjvni mgZzj evwbq w`Q? eis GKgv Avjvni gwRZB|2 GK ew ej: Bqv gynvv`, Bqv
mvBq`vbv, Bebv mvBq`vbv, LvBivbv, Bebv LvBivbv: n gynvv`, n Avgvì bZv, Avgvì bZvi cy, Avgvì kZg
ew I k gvbyli mvb| ZLb ivm~jyjvn ejb: n gvbyliv, Zvgiv ZvKIqv (Avjvn fxwZ) Aej^b Ki| kqZvb hb
ZvgvìK wec_Mvgx bv Ki| Avwg gynvv` Beby Avyjvn: Avyjvni cy gynvv`, Avjvni ev`v (`vm-PvKi) I ivm~j|
Avjvni Kmg! Avjvn Rvjv kvby AvgvK h vb iLQb, h ghv`v c`vb KiQb Zvgiv AvgvK Zvi Dci DVve Zv Avwg
cQ` Kwi bv|3
1
2. 2. dih I bdj Bev`Z cvjb
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
12. gynvv`yi ivm~jjy vn wekvmi AweQ` Ask gynvv` ()-K mKj gvbyli Ea, wbRi m`, mvb,
wcZvgvZv I wbRi Rxebi Pq AwaK fvjevmv| Zuvi gnvb mvnvexMY I Zuvi AvZxq ^RbK fvjevmv I kv Kiv Zuvi
fvjevmvi AweQ` Ask|
ivm~jyjvn -Gi fvjevmv gyLi `vexi evcvi bq| Zuvi wb`wkZ c_ Pjv, Rxebi cwZwU Zuvi c`v AbymiY Ki
Pjv, Zuvi kixqZK cyLvbycy Lic cvjb Kiv Ges wZwb hv wbla KiQb Zv _K `~i _vKvB Zuvi gneZi cKvk| Zuvi AvbyMZ,
AbymiY I kixqZ cvjb ewZiK hw` KD Zuvi fvjevmvi `vwe Kib Ze wZwb wg_vevw` A_ev wZwb Ave~ Zvwje-Gi gZ ZuvK
fvjevmb| Gic fvjevmv gywi c_ bq|
cg ev fvjevmvi ^vfvweK cKvk Kvbvfve cgKZK K bv Ìqv; cvYcb ZvK m Kivi Pv Kiv| GRb cKZ
fvjevmv cwic~Y AvbyMZ I AbyKiY avweZ Ki| Avi AvbyMZ I AbyKiY fvjevmvK Mfxi _K MfxiZi Ki| h hZ ekx Zuvi
kixqZK gb Pjeb Ges Zuvi mybvZ gZ Rxeb hvcb Kieb, Zuvi fvjevmv ZZ ekx ARb Kieb| mvnvex-ZvweqxMY I eyRyMMY
Kg I AbymiYi gvagB ZuvK fvjemQb| GfveB gymwjgi Ai Zuvi cwZ fvjevmv Mfxi nZ _vK, ZLb Rxebi mewKQyi
Ea, mKj gvbyli Ea, GgbwK wbRi Rxebi PqI ZvK fvjevmZ mg nq GKRb gymwjg| Avgvi Avjvni ìevi
mKvZi cv_bv Kwi, wZwb hb AvgvìK gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvgi cKZ AbymiYi I cKZ fvjevmvi ZvIdxK `vb
Kib| Avgxb|
w
w
.a
ss
c~eeZx Aavq Avgiv `LwQ h, ejvqvZi c_ Pjvi Kg `yB cKvi : (1) dih ev AZvekKxq Kg, I (2)
dihi AwZwi bdj ev mybvZ Bev`Z| dih Bev`Z cvjbB Avjvni ejvqZ, bKU, mvIqve I mw ARbi AbZg Kg|
dihi ci AbeiZ bdj Bev`Z cvjb ev`vK Avjvni ezZ ev ejvqZi chvq cuQ `q|
Abvb Bev`Zi bvq whK&iiI `ywU chvq AvQ : (1) dih whK&i, hgb, mvjvZi gvag Avjvni whK&i I (2)
bdj whK&i, hv g~jZ Avgvì AvjvPbvi welq| hw` Kvbv gywgb Abvb dih Bev`Z Av`vq Kivi ci bdj whK&i Av`vq
Kib Zvnj Zvi whK&i ne AZ dj`vqK| wK wZwb hw` dih whK&i I Abvb dih Bev`Z Aenjv Kib, A_P bdj
whK&i ewk ewk Kib Zvnj Zv wbtm`n evZzjZv|
AbK dih Bev`Z cvjb Kib bv| dih Bj&g, AvKx`v, mvjvZ, hvKvZ, wmqvg, nR, nvjvj DcvRb, mvsmvwiK
`vwqZ, wcZv-gvZv, mvb I xi `vwqZ, mvgvwRK `vwqZ, mrKvR Av`k, AmrKvR _K wbla BZvw` mKj dih Bev`Z
(hvi hZUzKz chvR) cvjb bv Ki bdj Bev`Z cvjb Kiv, bdj whK&i BZvw` cvjb wekl Kvbv DcKvi jvMe bv|
Aev wekl nqZ bdj Bev`Z Kvbv Kvbv dih Bev`Zi NvUwZ c~iY KiZ cvi| wK Kvbv AvZB Zv Avjvni
bKU ev ejvqZi gvag bq| dih cwiZvM Kij nvivgi Mvbvn nq| nvivgi Mvbvn iZ Aevq bdj Bev`Zi A_
njv mev gjg~ jvMvbv Aevq bvK AvZi gvLv|
GQvov, dih Bev`Zi ga h mKj bdj Bev`Z _vK ZvI dihi evBii bdj Bev`Zi Pq Dg| mvjvZi
ga AmsL dih, mybvZ I bdj whK&i AvhKvi iqQ| Gwj wefve cvjb Kiv mvjvZi evBi mvivw`b we gvmb~b
whK&ii Pq AbK Dg| bdj whK&i AvhKvi iZ nIqvi AvM mvjvZ BZvw` dih whK&i I Zrmswk bdj whK&i we I
myìfve Av`vq KiZ ne|
dih-bdj h Kvbv Bev`Z cvjbi Bev`Z Keyji c~ekZjvi cwZ j ivLZ ne| KziAvb Kvixg I
mybvZi AvjvK whK&imn mKj Bev`Z Avjvni ìevi Keyj ev MnxZ nIqvi c~ekZ:
(1) we Cgvb: wki&K, Kzdi& I wbdvK-gy
y ZvInx` I wimvjvZi we Cgvb mKj Bev`Z Keyj nIqvi c~e kZ|
(2) Bev`Zi BLjvm: BLjvm A_ weKiY| Bev`ZwU GKvB Avjvni mwi Rb nZ ne| Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv
Contents
119
mw ev Ab Kvbv Dki mvgvbZg mswgkY _vKj m Bev`Z Avjvn Keyj Kieb bv|
(3) AbymiYi BLjvm: KgwU AekB ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybvZi AbymiY cvwjZ nZ ne| mybvZi ewZg Kg
Bev`Z ej MY bq|
(4) nvjvj fY: Bev`Z cvjbKvixK AekB nvjvj-RxweKv-wbfi nZ ne| nvivg fYKvixi Kvbv Bev`Z Avjvni
ìevi Keyj nq bv|
.c
om
dih I bdji `ywU w`K iqQ , cvjb I eRb| Kvbv KvR Kiv hic dih, Zgwb wKQy KvR eRb Kiv dih|
GmKj KvR KivK nvivg ejv nq| Abyicfve wKQy Kg Kiv bdj-gymZvnve ev mybvZ| Avevi wKQy KvR eRb KivI bdjgymZvnve ev mybvZ| G aibi KvR Kiv gvKin ev AcQ`bxq| gvKin KLbv nvivgi wbKUeZx nq, hvK gvKin Zvnixwg
ejv nq| KLbv Zv gvKin Zvbwhnx ev AbywPZ chvqi nq, hv eRb Kiv Dg Ze Kij Mvbvn ne bv|
Avjvni bKUi c_ Kgi Pq eRbi iZ ewk| hv Kiv dih Zv KiZB ne| Avi hv eRb Kiv dih Zv eRb
KiZB ne| h ew Zvi Dci dih Gic Kvbv Kg cvjb KiQb bv, ev Zvi Rb nvivg Gic Kvbv Kvh iZ iqQb,
A_P wewfb bdj gymZvnve Kg cvjb KiQb Zvi KvRK Avgiv Bmjvgi wkv wei ejZ eva| wZwb Rb A_ev bv Rb
fvgxZ iZ iqQb|
bdj chvq eRbxq bdji iZ KiYxq bdji _K AbK ewk| mvRvbvi c~e cwiQbZv| wbRK bvsiv,
AcwiQbZv _K gy Ki Gici hZUzKz me mvRMvR KiZ ne| GRb mKj cKvi gvKin eRb Kiv bdj Bev`Zi
Pq iZc~Y| ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
Avwg ZvgvìK Kvbv wKQz _K wbla Kij Zv eRb Kie; Avi Kvbv wKQz KiZ wb`k w`j mvagZ Zv
Kie|
Avgiv G M g~jZ bdj whK&i mK AvjvPbv KiwQ| G mKj bdj whK&i cvjbi Pq gvKin eRb AbK
iZcY~ | GRb hvwKiK G mKj whK&i cvjbi cvkvcwk mKj cKvi gvKin eRbi Rb cvYcY Pv KiZ ne| KLbv
Kvbv gvKin Ki djj ewk ewk ZvIev KiZ ne| BQvc~eK
wbRK wbqwgZfve wewfb gvKini ga wbqvwRZ
iL cvkvcvwk G mKj whK&i AvhKvi iZ _vKv ivm~jyjvn () -Gi wkv, mybv Z I ixwZi Nvi weivax I wecixZ|
2. 3. Kexiv Mvbvn eRb
w
w
.a
ss
Gfve gywgb me`v gvKin ev AcQ`bxq Kg cwinvi KiZ Pv Kieb| Avi nvivg I Kexiv Mvbvn-mg~n _K kZ
hvRb `~i _vKZ m`v mP _vKeb| Avgiv Rvwb h, mKj Pv mI wKQy Aciva neB| Ze QvULvU cvc I fyjvw
Avjvn bK Kgi KviY gv Ki `b| GRb KwVb cvcjv _K `~i _vKvi Rb me`v mRvM _vKZ ne|
Kexiv bvni msv, msLv I cwiPq mK Djvgvq wKivg AbK K_v wjLQb| h mKj cvci welq KziAvb Kvixg
ev nv`xm kixd KwVb MRe, kvw ev Awfkvci DjL Kiv nqQ ev h mKj KgK KziAvb ev nv`xm KwVb cvc ej DjL Kiv
nqQ mjvK Kexiv bvn wnme MY Kiv nq| GQvovI AbK cvcK Kexiv ejv nqQ| GQvov h Kvbv mvaviY cvcI me`v
Kij Zv eo cvc cwiYZ nq|
Bgvg hvnvex Avj-KvevBi M Kexiv bvn welqK AvqvZ I nv`xm mg~n msKwjZ KiQb| h mKj cvcK KziAvb ev
nv`xm eo cvc ev KwVb kvw, MRe ev Awfkvci KviY ej DjL Kiv nqQ wZwb mwji ZvwjKv c`vb KiQb| Avwg GLvb
mjv msc DjL KiwQ| ci Gjvi ga _K wekl KZjv cvc hv Avgvì bK KvRjvK web Ki `q mjvi
wevwiZ AvjvPbv Kie, Bb&kv Avjvn|
G mKj cvc ev AcivaK Avgiv `yBfvM fvM KiZ cvwi: ewMZ ev nzjv n welqK I mvgvwRK ev nzj Bev`
welqK| hwÌ Dfq cKvi cvcB Avjvni AevaZv I cii mc, ZeyI msc eySvi Rb `yfvM Ki AvjvPbv KiwQ:
2. 3. 1. nzjv n welqK Kexiv bvnmg~n

1. Cgvb welqK: wkiK, Kzdi, wbdvK, weÀvZ, Avjvni kvw _K wbivcv-eva Kiv, Avjvni ingZ _K wbivk nIqv,
ZK`xi Awekvm Kiv, MbK ev RvwZlxi K_v mZ gb Kiv, Af, Agj ev Ahvvq wekvm Kiv, gvi nvivg h Kvbv
cKvi Abvq Kivi BQv, hv`y wkv ev eenvi, Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv Rb RevB Kiv, wbRi Rxeb, m`, I mKj
gvbyli Pq ivm~jyjvn -K ewk fvjevmvq wU _vKv, ivm~jyjv n -Gi bvg wg_v nv`xm ejv, wbRi cQ`-AcQ`
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
120
ivm~jjy vn -Gi mybvZ I kixqZi AbyMZ bv nIqv, weÀvZ wj nIqv, AvZnZv Kiv|
2. dih Bev`Z cwiZvM welqK: mvjvZ cwiZvM, hvKvZ c`vb _K weiZ _vKv, IRi Qvov ighvbi wmqvg cvjb Aenjv,
RygAvi mvjvZ cwiZvM Kiv, myhvM _vKv mI nR Av`vq bv Kiv, ag cvjb AwZkqZv ev mybvZi AwZwi evovevwo
Bev`Z Kiv, mvjvZiZ ew mvgb w`q Mgb Kiv|
3. nvivg Lv` I cvbxq: g`cvb, gZ cvYx, cevwnZ i I k~Kii MvkZ fY Kiv, ^Y ev ici cv cvb Kiv|
4. cweZv I Abvb Afvm welqK: ckve _K cwe bv nIqv, wg_v ejvi Afvm, cvYxi Qwe Zvjv ev AvuKv, Kwg Pzj
jvMvb, kixi Lv`vB Ki Dw jvMvb| cyili Rb gqjx cvkvK ev Pvj Pjb, UvLbyi wbP Szwjq cvkvK civ, mvbv I
ikgi eenvi, Mvd ewk eo Kiv, `vwo bv ivLv| gqì Rb cyilvjx cvkvK ev AvPiY, m`h cKvkK cvkvK
cwiavb Ki, gv_v, gv_vi Pzj ev kixii Kvbv Ask AbveZ iL ev myMw gL evBi hvIqv|
5. Aii ev gbi cvc: AnsKvi, Me Kiv, wbRK eo fvev, wbRi gZvgZ ev Kgi cwZ cwiZ _vKv, wiqv, wnsmv, Kvbv
gymwjgK nq ev QvU fvev, va, cksmv I mvbi jvf, mì jvf, KcYZv, wbziZv, xbx Bj&g cvw_e Dk wkv
Kiv, Bj&g Mvcb Kiv|
Gjvi ga wKQy cvci mv_ gvbyli AwaKvi RwoZ| wg_v nv`xm ejv GgwbZB fqiZg cvc| mv_ mv_ G
wg_v viv hviv wec_Mvgx nq Zvì mKji cvci fvM cZ nq wg_vev`xK| hvKvZ c`vb Aenjv Kij GKw`K Avjvni
AevaZv I Bmjvgi iKb b Kiv nq| mv_ mv_ mgvRi `wi`ìK Zvì AwaKvi _K ewZ Kiv nq| Bj&g Mvcb
Kij mvaviYZ mgvRi gvbyliv AZvi KviY wZM nb Ges G Avwjg Zvì Acivai Rb `vqx _vKb|
hv`y I wg_v ejvi Afvm hw` Kviv Kvbv wZ bv Ki ZvnjI Kexiv Mvbvn| cvi Kviv Kvbv cKvi wZ
Kij Zv wZxq GKwU Kexiv bvn cwiYZ nq| Abyicfve AnsKvi, wnsmv, KvDK nq fvev BZvw` ewMZ Kexiv Mvbvn
njI mvaviYZ Gjvi Awfew ewi evBi cKvwkZ nq Abì K `q| ZLb Zv Aviv AbK nzj Bev` mswk
Kexiv Mvbvni ga ewK wbcwZZ Ki| KcYZv hwÌ gvbwmK cvc I evwa, wK mvaviYZ G ewa gvbylK ev`vi nK b
ev wZ Kivi AbK cvci w`K civwPZ Ki|
ivca vb, ckvmK ev wePviK KZK RbMYi `vwqZ, m` ev AvgvbZ Av`vq Aenjv Kiv ev duvwK Ìqv|
bvMwiK KZK ivca vb, kvmK, ckvmK ev cavbK auvKv Ìqv ev ivi wZKi wKQy Kiv|
iv ev mgvRi wei we`vn ev mk we`vn|
Abvq `LI mvagZv cwZKvi ev cwZev` bv Kiv|
evBqvZ A_vr ivxq AvbyMZi kc_i evBi _K iv`vnx ev Aeva Aevq gZz eiY Kiv|
iv ckvmbi Abvq ev Ryjgy mg_b ev mnhvwMZv Kiv|
mgvRi gvbylìK Kexiv Mvbvni KviY Kvwdi ejv ev gb Kiv|
wePviKi Rb bvq wePvi GKwb bv nIqv ev wePvh welqi evBi Kvbv wKQy viv cfvweZ nq wePvi Kiv|
AvBb cqvMKvixi Rb AvBb cqvMi ccvwZZ Kiv I AvcbRbì Rb nvjKvfve kvw cqvM Kiv|
wg_v mv c`vb ev cqvRbi mgq mZ mv c`vb bv Kiv|
ivxq m` Aeafve fY ev fvM Kiv, Zv hZ mvgvbB nvK|
gybvwdKK bZv ejv|
wRnvì gvV _K cvwjq Avmv|
gymwjgMYK K c`vb I Mvwj Ìqv|
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
w
w
.a
ss
2. 3. 2. mwi AwaKvi msv Kexiv Mvbvnmg~n

KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK gvbyli g~j `vwqZ `ywU I cvci m~I `ywU| c_g `vwqZ, gvbyl Zvi gnvb cfyi cwZ cwic~Y
wekvm, AMva fvjevmv I Avv cvlY Kie Ges G Avv, wekvm I fvjevmv ewcvq Ggb mKj Kg Avjvni gbvbxZ ivm~ji wkv
Abymvi cvjb Kie| Avi G `vwqZ Aenjv mw Ki Ggb mKj Kg ev wPv-PZbvB c_g chvqi cvc|
gvbyli wZxq `vwqZ, G cw_exK myì emevmhvM KiZ Zvi Avkcvki mKj gvbyl I RxeK ZviB gZv
fvjfve euvPZ mvnvh Kiv| Avi G `vwqZi AenjvRwbZ KgB wZxq chvqi cvc| Avjvni mwi K c`vb, wZ Kiv,
kvw web Kiv ev AwaKvi b KivB g~jZ mePq KwVb Aciva| G RvZxq cvcjv KziAvb-nv`xm ewk AvjvPbv Kiv
nqQ| GKB RvZxq cvci kvLv ckvLvK weklfve evievi DjL Kiv nqQ| dj Gi ZvwjKvI AbK eo nq wMqQ|
1. Bmjvg wbavwiZ kvwhvM Aciva Acivaxi (Pzwi, WvKvwZ, Lyb, alY BZvw`) kvw gIKzdi Rb mycvwik ev Pv Kiv|
2. AvBbi gvag wePvi Qvov Kvbv gvbylK nZv Kiv| GgbwK WvKvZx, Lyb, ag`vwnZv BZvw` Bmjvgx weavb h
Acivai kvw gZy` ej wbavwiZ m Aciva wj ewKI Kvbv ew wbRi nvZ kvw w`j Zv nZv| GKgv
Dchy Av`vjZi wePvii gvagB Acivaxi Aciva, Zvi gvv I kvw wbavwiZ ne| h_vh_ wePvi Aciva cgvwYZ
nIqvi AvM KvDK Acivax gb Kiv ev kvw Ìqv Bmjvgi `wZ mwi AwaKvi bKvix KwVb Aciva|
Contents
20.
21.
22.
23.
om
17.
18.
19.
121
hei`w, wg_v gvgjv ev Aeafve Kvbv gvbyl _K wKQy MnY Kiv|
nvUevRvi, ivvNvU Uvj Av`vq Kiv ev Puv`vevRx Kiv|
gymwjg mgvR emevmiZ Agymwjg bvMwiKK K c`vb ev Zvi AwaKvi b| h Kvbv gvbylK K ÌqvB KwVb cvc|
Ze nv`xm kixd wekl Ki Agymwjg I mgvRi `yej kYxjvi K_v DjL Kiv nqQ| GQvov mvaviY wb`kbv Zv
AvQB|
Kvbv gwnjv ev GwZgi m` fY Kiv| h Kvbv gvbyli mvgvb m` Aeafve MnY AbZg Kexi Mvbvn| Ze
gwnjv I GwZg hnZz `yej GRb nv`xm Zvì `yej Zvi K_v DjL Ki Zvì m` Aea fvMKvixi KwVb kvwi
K_v DjL Kiv nqQ|
Avjvni wcq avwgK ev`vMYK K c`vb ev Zvì mv_ kZv Kiv|
cwZekxi K c`vb|
Kvbv gvRwjm Gm Lvwj RvqMv `L bv em VjvVwj Ki Abì K w`q gvRwjmi gvS Gm em cov ev
Ggbfve gvS emv hvZ Ab gvbylì Amyweav nq|
Kviv x ev PvKi evKi dzmwjq mwiq Ìqv|

KKk eenvi I Akxj- Akve K_v ejv|
Awfkvc ev Mvwj `vb Af nIqv|
Kvbv gymwjgi `yejZvi myhvM MnY Ki wKQy A_jvf Kiv|
wZb w`bi AwaK Kvbv gymwjgi mv_ K_vevZv e ivLv|
gymwjgMYi GK AciK fvj bv evmv ev fvjevmvi Afve _vKv|
gymwjgì Mvcb `vl LuvRv, Rvbv I ej Ìqv|
wbRi Rb hv cQ` Ki Abi Rb Zv cQ` bv Kiv|
Kvbv ewK Zvi eski welq Acev` Ìqv|
wcZvgvZvi Aeva nIqv ev Zuvì K c`vb Kiv|
my` MnY Kiv, c`vb Kiv, my` jLv ev myì mvx nIqv|
Nyl MnY Kiv, c`vb Kiv I Nyl Av`vb c`vbi gaZv Kiv|
wg_v kc_ Kiv|
nxjv weevn Kiv ev Kivbv|
AvgvbZi LqvbZ Kiv|
Kvbv gvbyli DcKvi Ki ci LvUv Ìqv|
gvbyli Mvcb K_v kvbv ev Rvbvi Pv Kiv|
xi Rb ^vgxi Aeva nIqv|
^vgxi Rb xi UvKv ev m` Zvi BQvi evBi fvM ev `Lj Kiv|
PvMjLyix Kiv ev GKRb gvbyli KvQ Ab gvbyli wb`vg` I kZvg~jK K_v ej Dfqi ga mymK b Kiv|
MxeZ ev ciPPv Kiv| A_vr Kviv AbycwwZZ Zvi ga weivRgvb eve I mZ `vljv DjL Kiv|
AmZ `vlvivc Kiv| A_vr Kviv ga h `vl weivRgvb bB Abygvb ev jvKgyL b Zvi mK m `vli K_v
DjL Kiv|
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
Rwgi mxgvbv cwieZb Kiv|

gnvb mvnvexMYK Mvwj Ìqv|
AvbmviMYK Mvwj Ìqv|
cvc ev wevwi w`K ev Lvivc ixwZi w`K Avnvb Kiv|
Kviv cwZ A RvZxq wKQy DVvb ev gwK c`vb|
wbRi wcZv Qvov AbK wcZv ejv|
R`vRw` SMov, weZK Kjn ev Kv`j|
IRb, gvc ev è Kg Ìqv ev fRvj Ìqv|
Kvbv DcKvixi DcKvi A^xKvi Kiv ev AKZZv cKvk Kiv|
wbRi cqvRbi AwZwi cvwb AbK c`vb _K weiZ _vKv|
Kvbv cvYxi gyL Avb cywoq ev KuU `vM ev gvKv Ìqv|
Ryqv Ljv|
Aea SMov ev MvjhvM mnhvwMZv Kiv|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
Contents
122
K_vevZvq mshZ bv nIqv|

Iqv`v f Kiv|
DivwaKvixK DivwaKvi _K ewZ Kiv|
^vgx ev x KZK Zvì GKv Mvcbxq K_v Ab KvDK ejv|
Kviv evwo ev Nii ga AbygwZ Qvov `w Kiv|
KD Avjvni bvg kc_ Ki mvnvh ev gv PvBj Avi Zvi cwZ wei _vKv A_ev ZvK gv ev mvnvh bv Kiv|
hv wKQy kvbv nq wePvi weklY I mZvmZ wbaviY bv Ki Zv ejv|
ewZ I `wi`ìK Lv` c`vb I mvnvh `vb Drmvn bv Ìqv|
ewfPvi, mgKvwgZv ev hb AbvPvi I AkxjZv|
wbiciva gvbylK, weklZ gwnjvK 4 Rb cZ`kx mvvxi my mv Qvov ewfPvi ev AbwZKZvi Acev` Ìqv|
mgvR AkxjZv cmvi KiZ cvi Ggb Kvbv MRe ev K_vevZv ejv ev cPvi Kiv| Gi ga mKj cbvMvwd, Qwe,
Akxj Dcbvm I M Af
y | Gjvi cPvi, weq, Av`vb c`vb meB Kexiv Mvbvn|
Dcii mKj cvcB AZ wZKi| KziAvb I nv`xm Gjvi fqi kvw I Lvivc cwiYwZi K_v DjL Kiv
nqQ| Ze Kvbv Kvbv cvc bK Avgji dj Avjvn gv KiZ cvib| Avevi Kvbv Kvbv cvc mKj bK AvgjK
web Ki `q| G mKj Bev`Z webKvix cvci AbZg wkiK, Kzdi, Anvi, wnsmv, Acii AwaKvi b Kiv, MxeZ Kiv
BZvw`|
2. 4. Avjvni c_i cw_Kì cvc
.c
om
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
GLvb weklfve jYxq h, Avjvni c_ PjZ mP I ag-mPZb AbK gvbyl AbK mgq Gme Bev`Z weasmx
cvci ga wj nq hvb| AbK mPZb gymwjg ewfPvi, wg_v, g`cvb, mvjvZ ev wmqvg cwiZvM BZvw` cvc KLbvB wj
nb bv| KLbv Gic wKQz Kij mKvZi ZvIev-BmwZMdvi KiZ _vKb| wK Rb A_ev bv Rb Zuviv wki&K, Kzd&i,
weÀvZ, wnsmv, Anvi, jvf, AvZZzw, MxeZ BZvw` cvci ga wj nQb|
Gi KviY, Kvbv gvbyli B kqZvb KLbv wbivk nq bv| cZK gvbylKB Kvbv bv Kvbvfve wev KiZ m
m`v mP| mKj kYxi gvbyli Rb Zvi wbR^ cvVg I cvVm~Px iqQ| mevBKB m cwic~Y agnxb Awekvmx KiZ Pvq|
hvì m Zv KiZ mg bv nq ZvìK m agi AveiY cvci ga wj Ki| A_ev wewfb cKvi Aii cvc wj
Ki, hjv bKKvi gvbyli bK-Avgj b Ki `q, A_P mjvK Abyaveb Kiv AbK mgq avwgK gvbyli RbI KKi nq
hvq| Avgiv GLvb G RvZxq wKQz cvci K_v AvjvPbv KiZ PvB|
2. 4. 1. wkiK, Kzdi I wbdvK
wkiK A_ Ask| Avjvni Kvbv Kg, Y, bvg ev Bev`Z Kvbv mwK Askx`vi evbvbv, Zuvi mgK gb Kiv,
Kvbv wdwikZv, wRb, bex, Ijx, Zuvì wZ weRwoZ vb, è ev Ab wKQyi ga CkiZ ev AjKK gZv AvQ ej gb
Kiv wkiK| Kzdi A_ Awekvm| ZvInx` I wimvjvZ welqK Cgvbi Kvbv welq Awekvm Kiv Kzdi| wkiK I Kzdi cii
RwoZ I AweQ`| gbi ga wkiK-Kzdi Mvcb iL RvMwZK cqvRb gyL Cgvbi `vex Kiv wbdvK ev gybvwdKx|
wkiK avwgKì cvc| avwgK gvbylì asm KiZ kqZvbi g~j A 5wU: wkiK, Kzdi, weÀvZ, wnsmv-wel I ev`vi
n b Kiv| Gi ga c_g PviwUK kqZvb GKevi agi jevm cwiq ck Ki| wekvmx gvbyl ag cvjbi bvgB G mKj cvc
Kib| Kvbv bvwK KLbv wkiK wj nq bv| wekvmx gvbyl Avjvni KiYv jvfi AveM Avjvni Kvbv mwK AwZfw Ki
wkiK wj nb| KziAvb ejv nqQ h, KvwdiMY ay Avjvni ejvqvZ ARbi RbB wkiK KiZ (m~iv 39-hygvi: AvqvZ 3)|
bvwKZv chvqi Kzdi avwgKì ga _vK bv| Ze AbK avwgK gvbyl ZvInx` I wimvjvZi Cgvb welqK AbK wKQz
A^xKvi ev Awekvm Ki KzdixZ wj nb| GRb ejvqvZ ARbi c_ wkiK-Kzdi mK mPZbZv AZxe Riix| GLvb
wkiK-Kzdi welqK wKQz Z_ msc DjL KiwQ, wevwiZ AvjvPbv, Z_ I Z_m~i Rb KziAvb mybvni AvjvK Bmjvgx
AvKx`v eBwU coZ weklfve Abyiva KiwQ|
2. 4. 1. 1. wkiK-Kzdii ewkvewj
KziAvb-nv`xmi AMwYZ eYbvq Avgiv `wL h, wkiK-Kzdi Rxebi fqiZg cvc| Abvb cvc _K Gi weklZ:
(K) Gi kvw fqZg I KwVbZg|
(L) mKj cvc Avjvn BQv Kij ZvIev Qvov wbR KiYvq, bK Avgji eiKZ ev Kviv kvdvAvZ gv Kieb wK
wkiK-Kzdii cvc cwic~Y ZvIev I wkiK-Kzdi eRb Qvov Avjvn gv Kib bv|
(M) wkiK-Kzdii dj gvbyli Abvb mKj bK Kg web nq hvq| hgb KD hw` bvgvh, ivhv, n, hvKvZ,
whK&i, `vqv, mybvZ cvjb, gvbe mev BZvw` AMwYZ bK Avgj Kib, Gici wZwb GKwU wkiKg~jK Kg Kib, Zvnj Zvi
mKj bK Kgi mvIqve web I asm nq hve| Avjvni KvQ Zvi wKQyB _vKe bv| Ab Kvb cvci dj Gfve bKKg
b nq bv|
Contents

(N) wkiK-Kzdi wj ewi Rb RvbvZ nvivg| ZvK AbKvj RvnvbvgB _vKZ ne|
123
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
2. 4. 1. 2. mgvR cPwjZ wKQz wkiK-Kzdi

gymwjg mgvR AMwYZ gvbyl wewfb cKvi wkiK I Kzdixi ga wbcwZZ| Bmjvg mK AZv, cPwjZ Kzmsvi,
gvRvii Lv`g I cPviKì K_vq wekvm, Ijx I eyRyMMY mK AwZfw, Zvì KvivgZK Zuvì wbR^ gZv ej gb
Kiv BZvw` KviY Zuviv ewea wkiK-Kzdi wj| GLvb my wKQz wkiK I Kzdii DjL KiwQ:
1. ZvInx` ev wimvjvZi Kvbv welq Awekvm Kiv| hgb Avjvni GKZ wekvm bv Kiv| gynvv` ()-K Zuvi ev`v, `vm I
gvbyl ic wekvm bv Kiv| A_ev ZuvK Avjvni AeZvi, Avjvn Zuvi mv_ wgk wMqQb, h Avjvn m-B ivm~j BZvw` gb
Kiv| A_ev ZuvK Avjvni bex I ivm~j ic bv gvbv| ZvK Kvbv wekl hyM, RvwZ ev `ki bex gb Kiv| Zuvi Kvbv K_v
ev wkvK fyj ev APj gb Kiv| Avjvni bKU, mw I gyw cvIqvi Rb Zuvi wkvi AwZwi Kvbv wkv, gZ ev c_
AvQ, _vKZ cvi ev cqvRb nZ cvi ej gb Kiv|
2. Avjvn Qvov Ab KD G weki cwZcvjb ev cwiPvjbvq kixK AvQb ej wekvm Kiv| Ab Kvbv mw, cvYx, wdwikZv,
RxweZ ev gZ gvbyl, bex, Ijx mw, cwiPvjbv, A`k vb, A`k mvnvh, wiwhK `vb, Rxeb `vb, myZv ev ivMevwa `vb,
ew `vb, eiKZ `vb, Abvew c`vb, Agj c`vb BZvw` Kvbv cKvi KjvY ev AKjvYi Kvbv gZv ivLb ev
Avjvn KvDK Abyic gZv w`q iLQb ej wekvm Kiv|
3. Avjvn Qvov Kvbv bex, Ijx, wRb ev wdwikZv mKj cKvi A`k vbi AwaKvix, Mvqe ev `~ii WvK bZ cvib,
mvov w`Z cvib, m`vme`v me weivRgvb ev nvwRi bvwhi ej wekvm Kiv|
4. ivm~jjy vn , Cmv (Av) ev Ab KvDK Avjvni hvZ (mv) ev wmdvZ (weklY)-Gi Ask, Avjvni mv, weklY ev b~i
_K (Same Substance/ Light from Light) m ev RbÌqv ej wekvm Kiv|
5. Af ev Ahvv wekvm Kiv| Kvbv e, cvYx, Kg, evi, wZw_, gvm BZvw`K Af, Agj ev Ahvv ej gb Kiv
wkiK| Avgvì `k AbK gymwjgI Kx Kij Kx nq RvZxq AbK welq wjLb ev wekvm Kib| Gwj meB wkiK|
Rbw`b bL-Pzj KvUv, fvv Avqbvq gyL `Lv, ivZ bL KvUv, wcQb _K WvKv, KvK WvKv BZvw` AMwYZ welqK Agj
ev Af gb Kiv nq, hv wbZvB Kzmsvi, wg_v I wkiKx wekvm| cvc Agj I cyY KjvY| mwi mevq mKj gj
wbwnZ I mwi wZ Kiv ev AwaKvi b Kivi ga wbwnZ mKj Agj| GQvov Agj ev Af ej wKQyB bB|
w
w
.a
ss
6. Avjvn Qvov Kviv Bev`Z Kiv| Avjvn Qvov Kvbv `k ev A`k, RxweZ ev gZ cvYx ev eK; hgb gvbyl, wRb,
wdwikZv, gvhvi, Kei, cv_i, MvQ BZvw`K mvR`v Kiv, AjwKK mvnvh, vY, `xNvq~, ivMgyw, wec`gyw, mvb
BZvw` cv_bv Kiv| Zvì bvg gvbZ, Kzievwb ev DrmM (sacrifice) Kiv wkiK| Avjvn Qvov Kviv Rb- RxweZ ev gZ,
weg~Z, g~Z, civwqZ ev mgvwaZ, bex, Ijx, wdwikZv ev h Kvbv bvg ev cKvi Kviv Rb- Gwj Kiv nj Zv wkiK|
g~wZZ fwfi dzj`vb, g~wZi mvgb bxie ev fwfi ùvovbv BZvw` GRvZxq wkiKx ev wkiKZzj Kg|
7. Avjvni Rb Kvbv Bev`Z Ki m Bev`Z viv Avjvni mv_ Ab Kviv mvb c`kb ev mw KvgbvI wkiK| hgb
Avjvni Rb mvR`v Kiv Ze wbw` Kvbv ew ev eK mvgb iL mvR`v Kiv, hb Avjvni mvR`vi mv_ mv_
ZvKI mvb Kiv nq hvq| A_ev Avjvni Rb gvbZ Ki Kvbv RxweZ ev gZ Ijx, wdwikZv, wRb, Kei, gvhvi, cv_i,
MvQ BZvw`K gvbZi mv_ mshy Kiv|
8. Avjvn, Zuvi ivm~j ev Zuvi xbi gwjK Kvbv welq A^xKvi Kiv, Awekvm Kiv, Aev Kiv ev AcQ` Kiv Kzdi| G
RvZxq cPwjZ Kzdixi ga AbZg Avjvni wewfb weavb, hgb - bvgvh, c`v, wewfb Acivai kvw, Bmjvgx AvBb
BZvwì cwZ Aev cKvk ev GwjK eZgvb APj ev gahyMxq gb Kiv|
9. BmjvgK ay ew Rxeb cvjb KiZ ne Ges mgvR, wePvi, wkv BZvw` Bmjvg Pje bv ej gb Kiv,
Bmjvgi Kvbv weavb ev ivm~jyjv n ()-Gi Kvbv mybvZi cwZ Aev ev NYv cKvk Kiv, IqvR gvnwdj, whK&i,
wZjvIqvZ, bvgvh, gv`vmv, gmwR`, eviKv, c`v BZvwì cwZ Aev ev NYv Abyfe Kiv, ivm~jyjvn ev c~eeZx Ab
Kvbv bex-ivm~ji cwZ mvgvbZg Aev cKvk Kiv|
10. gynvv` -Gi mekl bex nIqvi welq mvgvbZg m`n cvlY Kiv, Zuvi ci Kviv KvQ Kvbv cKvi byeIy qvZ ev
Inx GmQ ev Avmv me ej wekvm Kiv|
11. mvgvwRK, A_bwZK, cvwieviwK, ivxq ev AvRvwZK ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi kLvbv wbqg, cwZ, ixwZ, bxwZ, Av`k,
AvBb BZvw` Qvov Ab Kvbv wbqg, bxwZ, gZev` ev Av`k ekx KvhKi, DcKvix ev DchvMx ej gb Kiv| hyMi
cqvRb Zuvi kLvbv cwZZ wKQy cwieZb cqvRb ej gb Kiv|
12. h Kvbv cKvi Kzdixi cwZ m _vKvI Kzdix| Dci ewYZ Kv&b Kzdzi ev wkiK wj gvbylK gymwjg gb Kiv ev Zuvì
AvKx`vi cwZ m _vKvI Kzdix| hgb hviv ivm~jjy v n K mekl bex ej gvbb bv ev Zuvi ci Kvbv bex _vKZ cvi
ev Inx AvmZ cvi ej wekvm Kib ZvìK Kvwdi gb bv Kiv Kzdix| Abyicfve Bmjvg Qvov Ab Kvbv agK mwVK ev
Contents
om
124
cvijwKK gywi gvag ej gb Kiv, me agB wVK gb Kiv Kzdi| Abvb agi wkiK ev Kzdig~jK Abyvb
AskMnY Kiv, mwji cwZ gbi ga NYveva bv _vKv, Ab agvej^xMYK AvwiK ez wnmve MnY Kiv, Zvì agxq AvPvi
Abyvbi AbyKiY Kiv, wmgvm (eow`b), c~Rv BZvw`Z Avb`- D`&hvcb Kiv BZvw` eZgvb hyM AwZ cPwjZ Kzdix Kg I
wekvmi Af
y | BmjvgB mec_g mKj agi Abymvixì agxq AwaKvii ^xKwZ w`qQ| cZKB Zvì ag cvjb
Kieb| Zvì ag cvjb evav Ìqv ev agxq Abyf~wZZ AvNvZ Kiv wbwl| Ze Avjvni mw I gyw GKgv Bmjvgi
ga ej wekvm Cgvbi AweQ` Ask| mKj agB mwVK ejvi A_ mKj agK wg_v ejv Ges mKj agK Awekvm Kiv;
KviY cZK agB Ab agK ewVK ejv nqQ|
13. AviKwU cPwjZ Kzdix MYK, RvwZlx, niLvwe`, ivwkwe`, RUv dwKi ev Ab Kvbv fvMMYbv, fwelr MYbv ev Mvcb
vb `vwe Kiv A_ev GmKj gvbyli K_vq wekvm Kiv| G aibi Kvbv Kvbv Kg Bmjvgi bvgI Kiv nq| hgb,
Gjg viv Pvi aiv| h bvg ev h cwZZB Kiv nvK Mvcb Z_, Mvqe, A`k, fwelr ev fvM MYbv ev ejv
RvZxq mKj KgB (Kvnvbv)-i Af
y I Kzdix Kg| Abyicfve Kvbv è, cv_i, avZz, AavZz, Mn ev G RvZxq
Kvbv wKQy gvbyli Dci cfve wevi KiZ cvi A_ev `wnK ev gvbwmK fvjg` KiZ cvi ej wekvm Kiv wkiK|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
14. ivm~jjy vn -Gi kLvbv Kvbv Kg, cvlvK, AvBb, weavb, ixwZ, mybvZ, KgcwZ ev Bev`Z cwZK Aev ev Dcnvm
Kiv|
15. Kvb gvbylK ivmyjjy vn -Gi kixqZi Da gb Kiv ev Kvbv Kvbv gvbyli Rb kixqZi weavb cvjb Kiv Riix
bq ej wekvm Kiv Kzdix| hgb, gvwidvZ ev gneZ ARb nj, wekl gvKvg cuQvj Avi kixqZ cvjb Kiv jvMe
bv ej gb Kiv| Abyicfve bvgvh, ivhv, n, hvKvZ, nvjvj DcvRb, c`v BZvw` kixqZi h mKj weavb cKvk
cvjb Kiv dih Zv Kviv Rb Mvcb cvjb Kiv Pj ej wekvm KivI Kzdix| G aiYi gZ cvlY Kvix g~jZ wbRK
ev wbRi aviYvi D eyRyMK ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi gnvb mvnvexMYi PqI eo eyRyM gb Ki| G ew Kvwdi ej MY
neb, hwÌ wZwb Bmjvgi weavb cvjb Kib|
16. hv`y, Uvbv, evb BZvw` eenvi Kiv ev wkv Kiv|
17. Bmjvg ag RvbZ-eySZ AvMn bv _vKv| BmjvgK Rvbv I wkv KivK iZcY~ ej gb bv Kiv ev G welq gbvhvM
bv `qv|
18. Avjvn I ev`vi gvSLvb Kvbv ga AvQ ev gaZv Qvov Avjvni wbKU gvjvf, KiYvjvf ev gywjvf me bq ej
wekvm Kiv wkiK|
2. 4. 2. weÀvZ
Avgiv `LwQ, h Kg ev wekvm ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMY `xb ev Bev`Z wnme cvjb Kibwb ZvK `xb, Bev`Z ev
mvIqvei Kg ej gb Kiv weÀvZ| GLvb msc weÀvZi wKQz ewk Z_m~ ev` DjL KiwQ| wevwiZ AvjvPbv, Z_,
Z_m~i Rb cvVKK Avgvi jLv GnBqvDm mybvb M cvV KiZ mwbe Abyiva KiwQ|
(K) weÀvZ GKvB avwgKì cvc| avwgK Qvov KD weÀvZ wj nq bv| weÀvZB GKgv cvc hv gvbyl cyY gb
Ki cvjb Ki|
(L) Kvbv Kg weÀvZ ej MY nIqvi kZ ZvK Bev`Z gb Kiv| hgb GKRb gvbyl ùvwoq, jvwdq ev bZbKz`b
Ki whKi ev ì`-mvjvg coQb| Gic ùvovbv, jvdvbv ev bZb-Kz`b kixqZ g~jZ wbwl bq| KD hw` RvMwZK KviY Gic
Kib Zv cvc bq| ùvovbv ev bZb Kz`bi mgq whKi ev ì`-mvjvg cvV cvc bq| ì`-mvjvg ev whKii mgq Kvbv KviY ev
AwbqwZ AveM ùvovbv ev jvdvbv cvc bq| wK hLb KD ùvovbv, jvdvbv ev bZb-Kz`b -K `xb, Bev`Z ev Bev`Zi
Ask wnme wekvm Kib ZLb Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ nq|
Bev`Z gb Kivi A_: (1) whKi ev ì`-mvjvg ùvovbv ev jvdvbv ewZiK cvjb Kivi Pq ùvovbv ev jvdvbv-mn
cvjb Kiv Dg, AwaK Avè, AwaK mvIqve ev AwaK eiKZ ej gb Kiv ev (2) ùvovbv ev jvdvbv Qvov whKi ev ì`-mvjvg
cvjb KiZ A^w Abyfe Kivi KviY GcwZZ G mKj Bev`Z cvjbK ixwZZ cwiYZ Ki|
(M) Avgiv `LwQ h, mvaviYfve weÀvZK cvc ej eySv hvq bv; KviY AwaKvsk KgwU Bmjvg wbwl bq| ZvK
Bev`Z evbvbv ev Bev`Z ej wekvm KivB cvc| AbK mgq kixqZ wbwl KgI weÀvZ cwiYZ nq| hgb g`cvb, ewfPvi,
Mvbev`, Avjvn Qvov KvDK mvR`v Kiv, Kei cvKv Kiv, Kei evwZ Ìqv BZvw`| KD hw` mvaviYfve g`cvb, ewfPvi,
Mvbev` BZvw` Ki Ze Zv nvivg| Avi hw` KD G mKj KgK Bev`Z ev Avjvni bKU jvfi Kg wnme cvjb Ki Zv nvivg
I weÀvZ| eveI AbK dKxi, gvidZx ev m~dx bvgavix ew ag ev Bev`Zi bvg G mKj gnvcvc wj nb|
(N) weÀvZi cvc KqKwU chvqi: (1) Zv cZvLvZ| A_vr G Kg Avjvn Keyj KiQb bv Ges GRb Kvbv mvIqve
nQ bv| (2) Zv wevw| KviY wZwb Rb ev bv-Rb ivm~jyjvn I mvnvexMYi Bev`ZK Ac~Y ej gb KiQb| (3) weÀvZ
Abvb Bev`Z Keyj nIqvi c_ cwZeK| (4) Mvbev`, g`cvb, Kei mvR`v BZvw` gnvcvcK Bev`Zi mv_ mshy Kij ZvZ
G mKj gnvcvci kvw Ges weÀvZi kvwi cvkvcvwk Cgvb web nIqvi mg~n mvebv _vK|
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
125
(O) weÀvZi mePq fqi w`K Zv mybv Zi cwZ Aev mw Ki| weÀvZ wj ew wbRK mybx ev
Avnj~m mybv Z gb Kib| h mybvZjv Zvi weÀvZi cwZc bq mwj wZwb cvjb ev gneZ Kib| Ze Zuvi cvwjZ weÀvZ
mswk mybv ZK wZwb MnY KiZ cvib bv|
Dcii D`vniYwU weePbv Kib| h ew ùvwoq ev jvwdq whKi ev mvjvg cvjb KiQb wZwb ^xKvi Kieb h,
ivm~jyjvn ev mvnvexMY ùvwoq ev jvwdq whKi, ì` ev mvjvg cvjb KiQb ev KiZ Drmvn w`qQb ej wZwb Kv_vI `Lb
wb| wZwb ^xKvi Kieb h, ivm~jyjvn I mvnvexMY emem whKi, ì` I mvjvg cvV KiZb ej wZwb AbK nv`xm _K
RbQb| ZviciI wZwb em whKi ev ì`-mvjvg cvjb A^weva Kieb| wewfb `jxj w`q G mKj Bev`Z em cvjbi
Pq ùvwoq ev bP cvjb Kiv Dg ej cgvYi Pv Kieb|
Zuvi weÀvZK cgvY KiZ wZwb AbK AcvmwK `jxj ck Kieb Ges mybvZ-cgvwYZ cwZK Aev KiZ wZwb
ejeb: mewKQz wK mybvZ gZ nq? dvb, gvBK... KZ wKQzB Zv bZzb| Bev`ZwU GKUz bZzb cwZK Kij mgmv Kx? Dci
mybv Zi e AbymiY Ki emem ì`, mvjvg I whKi cvjbKvixi cwZ Kg ev ewk Aev Abyfe Kieb|
(P) ZvInxì wekvmi NvUwZ _K wkiKi Drcw Ges wimvjvZi wekvmi NvUwZ _K weÀvZi Drcw| weÀvZ
g~jZ gynvv` -Gi wimvjvZi mv_ Ab KvDK kixK Kiv ev wimvjvZi c~YZvq Abvv| wkiK wj ew hgb wkiK mswk
welq MvBijvn (Avjvn Qvov Ab)-Gi cwZ `qi Avv AwaK Abyfe Kib Zgwb weÀvZ wj ew weÀvZi
MvBibex (bex Qvov Ab)-Gi AbymiY-AbyKiY AwaK ^w eva Kib| wZwb me`v mswk welq me wKQz wK bexi ZixKvq nq?
ej Ges bvbvwea `jxj w`q Bwevq ivm~j iZnxb ev Kg iZc~Y cgvY KiZ mP _vKb| cvkvcvwk Zvi weÀvZ
Avgj ev cwZK Dg cgvY KiZ MvBibex A_vr wewfb eyRyMi Kgi cgvY c`vb Kib|
(Q) gykwiKMY Avjvni cwZcvjbi GKZ wekvm KiZ Ges Zuvi Bev`Z KiZ, Ze Zuvi GKvi e`bvq Zw cZ bv| Zuvi
whKi ev e`bvi cvkvcvwk MvBijvn-Gi whKi-e`bv nj Zvì `q Z nZv| Avjvn ejb: hLb ay Avjvni GKvi whKi nq
ZLb AvwLivZ Awekvmxì `q weZvq msKzwPZ nq| Avi wZwb Qvov Abì whKi nq ZLb Zviv Avb` DjwmZ nq|
w
w
.a
ss
(m~iv 39-hygvi: AvqvZ 45) Avgiv `wL h, weÀvZ wj gvbylì `qi Aev gynvv` ()-Gi wVK GKBic
nq hvq| Zuviv ZuvK gvbb| wK hLb ay ZuviB AbymiY AbyKiYi K_v ejv nq ZLb Zviv weiw Abyfe Kib| wK
Zuvi cvkvcvwk Abvb eyRy Mi K_v ejv nj Zviv Zw eva Kib|
AbKB ejb: Avwg ay AgyK eyRMy K AbymiY Kie| Ab Kviv welq Avgvi AwfhvM bB| Ze Avwg
AbymiY Kie ay ZuvKB| wZwb hv KiQb Zv Kie Ges hv Kib wb Zv Kie bv| wZwb RvbvZ Mj AvwgI hve| ...|
eZgvb hyM _K AZxZi h Kvbv MvBibex Avwjg, Bgvg ev eyRyMi bvg G K_vwU ejv nj ZvZ mvaviYZ Avcw
Kiv nq bv| wK hw` G K_vwUB gynvv` -Gi welq ejv nq Ze weÀvZ Avv gywgbMY Zv cQ` Kieb bv|
mKj weÀvZi B GwU my| gywgbi Rb Gi Pq eo AatcZb Zv Avi wKQzB nZ cvi bv h, Zuvi `q
ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybv Z MnY KiZ A^w ev Aev eva Ki| wewfb nv`xm ivm~jyjvn evievi ejQb: Zuvi mybvZ h AcQ`
ev Aev Kie m Zuvi DvZ bq|
(R) Abvb cvc hZB fqi nvK, gywgb mvaviYZ Gjv _K ZvIev KiZ cvib, wK weÀvZ _K ZvIev Kiv LyeB
KwVb| KviY mKj cvci gywgb Rvbb h wZwb cvc KiQb; dj ZvIevi GKwU mvebv _vK| cvi weÀvZ cvjbKvix
Zvi weÀvZK bK Avgj gb KiB cvjb Kib| KvRB Gi Rb ZvIevi K_v wZwb KbvI Kib bv|
GRb ZvweqxMY ejZb: KvDK mvaviY cvc wj Kivi Pq weÀvZ wj KiZ cvij Bejxm AbK ewk Lywk nq|
meZ GKviYB weÀvZ hZ mvaviYB nvK Zvi cwZ AvKlY me`v LyeB ewk nq| hgb ùvwoq, jvwdq ev bP whKi, ì` ev
mvjvg cvjbKvix `vwe Kieb h, ùvovbv, jvdvbv ev bZb-Kz`b gymZvnve ev gymZvnmvb; Riix bq| wK Ab AbK dih-IqvwRe
_K Gi cwZ Zuvi AvKlY ewk _vK| G _K ZvIev Zv `~ii K_v Gi Rb wZwb Rxeb w`Z cZ
_vKb|
(S) weÀvZi Ab Aciva Zv mybvZ nZv Ki| mybvZ ewnfyZ Kvbv Kg ev cwZ Bev`Z cwiYZ nIqvi A_ mswk
gvmb~b Bev`Z ev cwZi gZz | whwb ùvwoq ev jvwdq whKi ev mvjvg cvV Dg ej MY KiQb ivm~jjy vn I mvnvexMYi
cwZZ em whKi ev mvjg Zuvi Rxeb _K nvwiq hve| Gfve mgvRi Abvb gvbyliv hLb Gfve Bev`ZwU cvjb KiZ
_vKeb ZLb mgvR _KI mybv ZwU AcmvwiZ ne|
mvwbZ cvVK, weÀvZ wkiKi c_ Db
y Ki Ges wkiK Avjvni ejvqvZi c_ wPii Ki| gvi KvwdiMY Beivnxg
(Av)-Gi DvZ wQj| Zviv c_g Bwevq ivm~j Aenjv Ki| `xbi wewfb welq Beivnxg (Av)-Gi e AbymiY bv Ki hyw
w`q bZzb Kg KiZ i Ki| hgb ni mgq AvivdvZ bv hq gyh`vwjdvq Aevb, ZvIqvdi mgq Dj nIqv, Zvwj evwRq
whKi Kiv BZvw`| Gi avivevwnKZvq hyw I `jxji c_ ai Zvì ga wkiK cek Ki| DvZ gynvv`xi wkiK wj
gvbyljvi w`K `wcvZ Kij Avcwb GKB Aev `Leb|
cvVK, Avjvni ejvqvZ ev bKU ARbi A_ Zv me`v ZuviB bKU Abyfe Kiv| me`v `q ZuviB ingZi k, mKj
Avb`-e`bvq ay ZuviB K_v gb cov, ZuviB mv_ K_v ejv, wZwb mv_ AvQb Ges Zuvi ingZgq `w AvgvK wNi iqQ ej
Contents
126
me`v Abyfe Ki| wkiK wj ewi Aev m~Y wfb| wZwb Avjvni Bev`Z Kib| Ze Avb`-e`bvq Zvi gb co
MvBijvn K_v| A_vr h eyRMy K wZwb fw Kib ZuviB K_v Zvi gb co, ZuvKB iY Kib, ZuviB ì`fiv `w Abyfe
Kib, Avb` ZuviB cwZ KZZv Ges wec` ZuviB cwZ AvKzwZ Zvi `q AvjvwoZ Ki| wkiKi G e Avjvni ejvqvZi c_
wPiZi i Ki|
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
2. 4. 3. Anvi ev ZvKveyi
wbRK Ab Kvbv gvbyl _K Kvbv w`K _K DbZ, Dg ev eo gb Kiv, A_ev KvDK Kvbvfve wbRi Pq nq
gb KivB Anvi| GwU g~jZ GKwU gvbwmK Abyfw~ Z, Ze Kgi ga wKQy cKvk _vK| Anvi GKgv Avjvni AwaKvi| Kvbv
gvbyli Anvi Kiv g~jZ Avjvni AwaKvi nc| KviY, Avjvni wbqvgZ wbqB gvbyl Anvi wj nq|
cw_exi mKj wbqvgZ Avjvn mevBK mgvbfve c`vb Kib bv| KvDK `b, KvDK `b bv A_ev Kgewk c`vb
Kib| whwb wbqvgZ cqQb Zvi `vwqZ KZZv cKvk Kiv| wK hw` wZwb G wbqvgZK Avjvni `qvi `vb ev wfv wnme
MnY bv Ki wbRi DcvRb I m` gb Kib ZLbB Anvii i nq| GZ c_gB Avjvni mv_ ev`vi mK wQb nq
hvq|
cvVK nqZ ck Kiebeve Avgiv `ywbqvZ eo QvU iqwQ| KvRB Zv A^xKvi Kie wKfve ? KD ewk vbx ,
wWwMavix, m`kvjx, kwkvjx, ... KD Kg| KvRB hvi ewk AvQ wZwb wKfve hvi Kg AvQ ZvK mgvb fveeb ?
welqwU GLvb bq| Avcbvi vb, m`, m`h, cfve, kw, evKcUzZv, wWwM, c`ghv`v, BZvw` nqZ Avcbvi AviK
fvB _K ewk| GLb ck , Avcbvi wbKU h m`wU ewk AvQ Zv Avcbvi wbR^ DcvRb bv Avjvni `qvi `vb? hw` Avjvni
`qvi `vb ej Avcwb wekvm Kib Zvnj Avcwb KLbB wbRK Zvi Pq eo ej ev ZvK Avcbvi Pq nq ej fveZ cvieb
bv| Avcwb fveeb Avjvni KZ `qv! AvgvK `qv Ki G wbqvgZwU w`qQb A_P ZvK `bwb| BQv Kij wZwb Gi wecixZ
KiZ cviZb| GKv `qv KiB wZwb AvgvK wbqvgZ w`qQb| Avgvi KvR , ewk ewk Kwiqv Av`vqi gvag wbqvgZi
vwqZi Rb Avjvni ìevi AvKzwZ Rvbvbv| G Abyf~wZ gywgbi| G Abyf~wZ _vKj Kvbv gvbyl wbRK Kviv Pq eo fveZ
cvi bv| eoRvi wbRK ewk `qvcv ej gb KiZ cvi| GB gvbylwU KLbvB Ab KvDK Zvi Pq nq ej Aev Kivi
K_v wPv Ki bv| m KLbv Avjvni `qvi `vbK wbq gbi ga Mvcb ev gyL cKvk eovB KiZ cvi bv|
Anvi I gywgbi KZZvi Abyf~wZi ga cv_K `Lyb| Avcwb GKRb gvbylK `Ljb m K_vevZvq, f`Zvq,
wWwMZ, A_, wkvq, m`h ev Ab Kvbv w`K _K Avcbvi Pq AbK Lvivc Aevb iqQb| ZvK `L Avcbvi gb
ev AbKi gb nvwm, Aev ev Dcnvm Drcb nQ| A_P AvcbvK `L Avcbvi gb ev Abì gb fw I kv eva
RvMQ| Avcwb wK Kieb ? Aev I Aenjv fi Zvi w`K ZvKveb? GwUB Zv Anvi| Avcwb Avjvni Ìqv mKj
wbqvgZK A^xKvi Ki Avjvni mv_ Awekvmxi gZv eenvi Kijb|
gywgbi gb G cwiwwZZ Avjvni cwZ KZZvq gb fi hve| Aciw`K m ewi cwZ fvjevmv I kveva
GKUzI Kge bv| wZwbI Avgvi gZvB Avjvni ev`v| ZvK Avjvn hZUzKz w`qQb Zv wbqB wZwb iqQb| ZvK mvb
KiZ ne| Zvi Rb `yAv KiZ ne| Kvbv Aevq Zvi cwZ Aevi ckB Avm bv|
w
w
.a
mePq eo K_v, Avwg Zv Rvwb bv, G Kgvbx, Af`, `yej ev Aevcv gvbylwU Avjvni KvQ KZUzKz wcq| Avwg Rvwb
bv, wKqvgZi w`b Avgvi Aev Kx ne Avi Zvi Aev Kx ne| nqZ G AenwjZ `yej gvbylwU wKqvgZi w`b Avjvni ingZ ewk
jvf Kie| nqZ Avgvi Pq AbK mvbcv ne| nqZ AvgvK Avjvni wbqvgZi AKZZvi Aciva aiv coZ ne| Zvnj
Avgvi Rb Anvii myhvMUv Kv_vq ?
Anvi mKj B asmvZK Abyf~wZ| Ze Zv hw` Avjvni Bev`Z Kw`K nq Zvnj Zv Aviv ewk wZKviK|
wbRK fvj xb`vi gb Kiv kqZvbi AbZg Pv| mv_ mv_ hw` wbRK Ab Kvbv gymjgvbi Pq ewk xb`vi gb Kiv
nq Zvnj asmi lvjKjv c~Y nq|
cvVK nqZ Aveviv ck Kieb, ag cvjb Zv Kg-ewk AvQB| Avwg `vwo iLwQ, AviKRb ivLwb| Avwg whK&i Kwi
A_P m Ki bv| Avwg weÀvZgy, A_P AgyK weÀvZ RwoZ| Avwg mybvZ cvjb Kwi wK AgyK Ki bv| Avwg Bmjvgi
`vIqvZ, cwZv I cmvii Rb wbRi Rxeb evwR iLwQ A_P Avgvi AviK fvB aygv mvjvZ-wmqvg cvjb KiB Avivg
msmvi KiQb| GLb wK Avwg fvee h, Avwg I m mgvb ev Avwg Zvi Pq Lvivc? Zvnj Avgvi GZ Ki cqvRb wK ?
wcq cvVK, welqwU Aveviv fyj LvZ Pj MQ| c_gZ, Avwg hv wKQy KiwQ meB Avjvni `qv, ingZ I ZvIdxK
wnme Zuvi ìevi Kwiqv RvbvZ ne Ges G wbqvgZi vwqZi Rb mKvZi `yAv KiZ ne| wZxqZ, h fvB G mKj
wbqvgZ cvbwb Zvi Rb AvwiKZvi mv_ `yAv KiZ ne, hb Avjvn ZvKI G mKj wbqvgZ c`vb Kib Ges Avgiv GK
Avjvni RvbvZ I ingZi ga _vKZ cvwi| ZZxqZ, AvgvK Lye ewk Ki eySZ ne h, Avwg hv wKQy KiwQ Zv Avgvi
cwZ Avjvni wbqvgZi Zzjbvq LyeB Kg| Avwg KLbvB Avjni Ìqv `vwqZ cyivcywi cvjb KiZ cvwiwb| KvRB, Avgvi
Z nIqvi gZv wKQyB bB| PZz_Z, AvgvK evievi mRvM nZ ne h, Avwg Rvwb bv Avgvi Bev`Z Avjvni ìevi MnY
Contents
127
nQ wK bv ? nqZ Avgvi G mKj Bev`Z wewfb fyj I Abvqi KviY Keyj nQ bv, A_P hvK Avwg Avgvi Pq
QvU fvewQ Zvi A AvgjB Avjvn Keyj Ki wbqQb, KvRB wKfve Avwg wbRK eo fvee? cg, Avwg Rvwb bv, Avgvi
Kx cwiYwZ I Zvi Kx cwiYwZ ? nqZ gZyi AvM m Avgvi Pq fvj KvR Ki Avgvi Pq AbK ewk ghv`v wbq Avjvn
ìevi nvwRiv è|
gynZvivg cvVK, wKqvgZi wnmve wbKvk kl RvbvZ ceki AvM KLbv Kvbv gywgb wbwZ nZ cvi bv,
wbRK Ab Kviv Pq Dg ev ewk avwgK fvev Zv `~ii K_v! mvnvex, ZveqxMY I c~eeZx hyMi kZg eyRyM I bKKvi
gvbyliv wbRìK RxeRvbvqvii Pq Dg fveZ cviZb bv| Zuviv ejZb, wKqvgZi wePvi cvi nIqvi ciB eySZ
cvie, Avwg cì Pq wbK bv Zvì Pq Dg| Anvi Avgvì bK Kg web Ki `q| hvi Ai Anvi _vKe m
ew RvbvZ cek Kie bv ej wewfb nv`xm ejv nqQ| Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
hvi Ai AYy cwigvY Anvi iqQ m RvbvZ cek Kie bv|1

mywcq cvVK, Anvi Aii Kg nIqvi KviY Avgiv mnR Zv aiZ cvwi bv| Avgiv gb Kwi h, Avgvi ga
Anvi bB, wK cKZ
c Avgvi ga Anvi we`gvb| wewfbfve Zv hvPvB Kiv hvq| AwZ mvaviY cvkvK cwiwnZ Aevq
gvbyli ga eivZ wK Avcbvi jv eva nq? Gic cvkvK cwiwnZ Aevq hw` Kvbv iZcY~ gvbyl AvcbvK `L
djb Ze wK Lye msKvP eva nq? hw` nq Ze eySZ ne h, gbi ga Anvi we`gvb|
Kvbv gvRwjm wcQb ev wbP emZ nj wK Avcbvi Lvivc jvM? gbi ga wK Avkv nq h, KD AvcbvK WK
mvb KiK, AvM mvjvg w`K? hw` nq Ze eySeb h, Anvi Ai jywKq iqQ|
Aii ga Anvii Abycek ivai Rb gywgbK me`v mRvM _vKZ ne| Zvweqx Avyjv n Beby nvbhvjv ejb,
mvnvex Avyjvn Beby mvjvg (iv) gv_vq GK evSv Lwo wbq hvwQjb| ZvK ejv njv, Avcwb Kb G KvR KiQb? Avjvn Zv
AvcbvK mQjZv w`qQb, hvZ Ggb bv KijI Avcbvi Pj? wZwb ejb, Avwg Aii Anvi I AnsevaK AvnZ KiZ
PvwQ| Avwg ivm~jyjvn -K ejZ bwQ, hvi Ai mwilv cwigvY Anvi _vKe m RvbvZ cek Kie bv| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
2. 4. 4. wnsmv, wel I NYv
gvbe `qi AviKwU bvsiv I wZKviK Kg wel, NYv, Agj Kvgbv, cvivwiK kZv, BZvw`| `q Gjvi
DcwwZ `qK KjywlZ Ki, fvivv Ki, Avjvni whK&i _K `~i mwiq `q Ges mevcwi Abvb bK Avgj b Ki `q|
nv`xmi AvjvK gymjgvb gymjgvb wnsmv, wel I kZvi `ywU fqi cwiYwZi K_v RvbZ cvwi|
c_gZ, Avjvni wekl gv jvf _K ewZ nZ nq| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
.a
ss
w
w
cwZ mvn `yevimvgevi I enwZevi ev`vì Kg (Avjvni ìevi) ck Kiv nq| ZLb mKj gywgb ev`vK
gv Ki Ìqv nq, aygv m ew ev` hvi I Zvi Ab fvBqi ga wel I kZv (hatred) AvQ| Gì welq ejv
nq : Gì welq wMZ ivL, hZY bv Giv wdi Avm|3
Ab nv`xm gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb:
( )

( )
kvevb gvmi gaeZx iv (14B kvevbi wèvMZ ivZ) Avjvn Zuvi ev`vMYi w`K `wcvZ Kib Ges Zuvi mKj
ev`vK gv Ki `b, aygv wkiK wj ew Ges h ewi mv_ Ab fvBqi wel (hatred) iqQ ZvìK ev`|
nv`xmwU wewfb mb` wewfb mvnvex _K ewYZ nqQ| Zba KqKwU mb` nvmvb ev MnYhvM| mvweKfve
nv`xmwU mnxn|4
wZxqZ, mKj bK Kg I ag asm Ki `q| hyevBi Beybj AvDAvg (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb :
Contents
128

c~ee Zx RvwZjvi evwa Zvgvì gaI mvwiZ nqQ: wnsmv I wel| G wel gybKvix| Avwg ewj bv h Zv Pzj
gyb Ki, eis Zv xb ev agK gyb I asm Ki `q| Avgvi cvY huvi nvZ Zuvi kc_ Ki ejwQ, Cgvb`vi bv nj Zvgiv RvbvZ
cek KiZ cvie bv| Avi cii GK AciK fvj bv evmj Zvgiv wekvmx ev gywgb nZ cvie bv| G fvjevmv cwZvi
gvag Avwg wkwLq w`wQ, me I me`v cii mvjvg c`vbi iIqvR cPwjZ ivLe| nv`xmwU MnYhvM|1
Avey ivBiv (iv) _K hqxd mb` ewYZ Ab nv`xm ejv nqQ:
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Lei`vi! wnsmv _K AvZiv Kie; KviY wnsmv Ggbfve bKKg asm Ki, hgbfve Avb Lwo ev LoKzUv
cywoq dj| nv`xmwUi mb` `yej, Ze Dcii nv`xmi A_ Zv mg_b Ki|2
2. 4. 5. Abvqi NYv ebvg wnsmv I AnsKvi
AviKwU welq AvgvìK mgmvq dj `q| Avgiv Rvwb h, wkiK, Kzdi, weÀvZ, nvivg, cvc BZvw`K NYv
Kiv I hviv GjvZ wj ev Gjvi cPvi cmvi wj ZvìK NYv Kiv Avgvì Rb AwZ cqvRbxq Cgvbx `vwqZ| Avgiv
G `vwqZ I `qK gy ivLvi ga wKfve mg^q mvab Kie?
G welqwUK kqZvb AbZg duv` wnme eenvi Ki, hv w`q m AMwYZ avwgK gymwjgK wnsmv, nvbvnvwb, AvZZw
I AnsKvii gZ RNbZg Kexiv Mvbvni ga wbcwZZ KiQ| G duv` _K AvZivi Rb msc wbi welqjv iY
ivLZ ne|
c_g welq: cvc Abvq, Ryjgy AZvPvi, wkiK, Kzdi, weÀvZ ev wbdvKK AcQ` ev NYv KiZ ne ivm~jyjv n -Gi
AbymiY I Zuvi c` iZ Abymvi| wZwb h cvcK hZUzKz NYv KiQb, wb`v KiQb ev hZUzKz iZ w`qQb ZZUzKz iZ
w`Z ne| Zuvi cwZ ev mybv Zi evBi gbMovfve NYv Kij Zv ne BQvq ev AwbQvq Bmjvgi bvg wbRi ew Avvk ev
AnsKviK cwZv Kiv I kqZvbi AvbyMZ Kiv|
G AwaKvsk avwgK gvbyl KwVb fyj wbcwZZ nb| KziAvb I mybvn ewYZ KwVb cvcjvK Avgiv NYv Kwi bv ev
wekl iZ c`vb Kwi bv, wK hjv Kvbv cvc bq, Kg fqi cvc ev hjvi welq KziAvb-nv`xm my wb`k bv _vKvq
AvwjgMY gZf` KiQb mjv wbq wnsmv-wel wbcwZZ nB| BZvc~e Avwg Bmjvgi Kgjvi chvq AvjvPbv KiwQ|
Avgvì mgvRi avwgK gymwjgì `jv`wj, MxeZwb`v I Anvii wfw kl `yB-wZb chvqi mybv Z-bdj Bev`Z| Avgiv Kzdi,
wkiK, nvivg DcvRb, gvbyli wZ, mwi AwaKvi b, dih Bev`Z ZvM BZvw` welq Zgb Kvbv Avcw, weivwaZv ev NYv Kwi
bv| A_P bdj wbq wK fqi wnsmv NYvi mqjve| AbK mgq GmKj bdj, BLwZjvdx welq, A_ev gbMov wKQz AvKx`vK
Cgvbi gvb` evwbq dwj|
h ew dih mvjvZ gvUB co bv, Zvi welq Avgiv ewk wPv Kwi bv, wK h mybvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kij bv, ev
mvjvZi ga Uzwc ev cvMox cij bv, A_ev mvjvZi kl gybvRvZ Kij ev Kij bv, A_ev mvjvZi ga nvZ DVvjv ev
DVvjv bv BZvw` welq wbq Avgiv nvbvnvwb I Anvi wj iqwQ|
wZxq welq: G NYv GKvB Av`wkK I Cgvbx| ewMZ R`vRw`, Avvk ev kZvi chvq hve bv| Avwg
cvcwUK NYv Kwi| cvc wj gvbylwUK Avwg Lvivc wj ej Rvwb| Avwg Zvi Rb `yAv Kwi h, Avjvn ZvK cvc
cwiZvMi ZvIdxK w`b|
ZZxq welq: NYv A_ wnsmv bq| fvjevmvi mv_ G NYv GKwZ _vK| gv Zvi gjg~ Rovbv wkK `L bvK wmUKvq
I ZvK NYv Ki| Avcb fvB Zvi Aciva wj fvBK NYv Ki| wK G NYvi mv_ AweQ`fve Rwoq _vK fvjevmv| g~jZ
ew wk ev ew fvBK wNi _vK Zvi mxgvnxb fvjevmv, Avi Zvi Mvq Rovbv gqjv ev AcivaK wNi _vK NYv| mv_ _vK
ZvK NwYZ welq _K gy Kivi AvKzwZ| gywgbi cvci cwZ NYvI Abyic| cvci cwZ NYv hgb `vwqZ, Cgvbi cwZ
fvjevmvI Abyic `vwqZ| gywgbi cvci w`K bq, eis Zvi Cgvbi w`K AvM `w w`Z ne| Cgvb I Abvb bK Avgji
Rb gywgbK fvjevmv dih| cvkvcvwk cvci cwZ Avgvì NYv _vKe, GB NYv KLbvB gywgbK wnsmv KiZ kLvq bv, eis
gywgb fvBqi Rb ì`fiv `yAv KiZ ciYv `q, hb wZwb cvc _K gy nZ cvib|
Contents
.c
om
129
PZz_ welq: NYv I AnsKvi GK bq| Avwg cvcK NYv Kwi| cvcxK AbvqKvix gb Kwi| cvci cmvi
wj ewK NYv Kwi| wK Gjvi A_ GUvB bq h, Avwg Avgvi wbRK ewMZfve AgyK cvcxi Pq DbZ, gyvKx ev
fvj gb Kwi| wbRK Kviv Pq fvj gb Kiv Zv `~ii K_v wbRi KvR Z nIqvI KwVb Kexiv Mvbvn I asmi
KviY| Avwg Rvwb bv, Avgvi Bev`Z Avjvni ìevi Keyj nQ wKbv, Avwg Rvwb bv Avgvi cwiYwZ Kx Avi D cvcxi cwiYwZ
Kx, wKfve Avwg wbRK Abi Pq fvj gb Kie?
cg welq: mePq eo K_v, gywgbK wbRi Mvbvni wPvq I Avjvni whK&i e _vKZ ne| Abi K_v wPv
Kiv _K h_v me weiZ _vKZ ne| Avgiv AwaKvsk mgq Abi wkiK, Kzdi, weÀvZ, cvc, Abvq BZvwì wPvq e
_vwK| gb nq Avgvì ejvqvZ, KvgvjvZ, RvbvZ, bvRvZ mewKQy wbwZ| GLb ay `ywbqvi gvbyli mgvjvPbv KivB Avgvi
GKgv KvR|
G _K euvPZ nj Gjv cwinvi KiZ ne| cqvRb Qvov cvc ev cvcxi wPvq wbRi `qK e ivLv LyeB
Abvq| Gme wPv Avgvì KwVb I AvLivZ weasmx cvci ga dj `q| G AvZZw I Anvi| hLbB Avwg cvcxi wP
v Kwi ZLbB Avgvi gb Zw Pj Avm, Avwg Zv Zvi Pq fvj AvwQ| ZLb wbRi cvc QvU gb nq I wbRi Kg Zw
jvM| Avi G asmi AbZg c_|
GRb mvagZ me`v wbRi xbx ev `ywbqvex cqvRb ev Avjvni whK&i I wbRi cvci wPvq wbRK iZ ivLyb|
`q cwe _vKe Ges Avcwb jvfevb neb| Avjvn Avgvì ZvIdxK c`vb Kib|
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
2. 4. 6. mwi AwaKvi ev cvIbv b Kiv

Avgiv BZvc~e Kexiv Mvbvni ZvwjKvq G RvZxq wKQz Mvbvni K_v wjLwQ| gnvb Avjvn gvbylK fvjevmb I
gvbylK KiYv KiZ Pvb| mv_ mv_ wZwb bqwePviK gnvwePvii cfy| Zuvi mKj mwi ga bvq cwZv Kieb wZwb| Kvbv
gvbyl hw` Ab Kvbv gvbyl, mw ev Rxe Rvbvqvii AwaKvi ev cvc b Ki ev Kg `q Ges Rxekvq Zvi AwaKvi eywSq w`q
gv Pq wbZ bv cvi gnvwePvii w`b wZwb wZM mwi AwaKvi cwic~Yfve Av`vq Ki èb| mw`b Kvbv UvKvcqmv ev
m` w`q wZc~iY `vbi myhvM _vKe bv| ZLb hvwjg, wZKvix ev AwaKvi niYKvix ewi bKKg ev mvIqve wbq gvhj~gK
c`vb Kiv ne| hw` hvwKi G welq mZK bv _vKb Zvnj Zvi KvwRZ mvIqve I bK Kg Ab gvbyl fvM Kieb, Avi wZwb
ewZ nq kvw fvM Kieb|
KziAvb-nv`xm ciii AwaKvi mK wevwiZ wkv c`vb Kiv nqQ| Gjv wkv I cvjb Kiv hvwKii Rb
wekl Riwi| Avgvì mgvR AbK avwgK ew x, mvb, cwZekx, mnKgx, Kg`vZv, Kgx ev KgPvix, AvZxq^Rb, weaev,
GwZg, `wi` I mgvRi Abvb gvbyli AwaKvi, mgvRi Agymwjg bvMwiKMYi AwaKvi, ccvwLi AwaKvi BZvw` mK LyeB
AmPZb| Avgiv e`bvi mv_ j Kwi h, avwgK gvbylì ga AbKB Abi AwaKvi b Kivi KwVb cvc wj _vKb| nqZ
Zvnvy`, whK&i, bdj wmqvg, xb cwZvq I cPvi iZ iqQb ; wK x, mvb, cwZekx, AvZxq^Rb, Kgj , mev MnY AvMZ
ew, Kg`vZv I Ab AbKi AwaKvi jNb I b Kib| GjvK AbK LyeB nvjKv fveb ev wewfb ARynvZ `wLq Zvì
KwVb AbvqK hywmZ KiZ Pv Kib| hvwKiK GmKj welq LyeB mZK _vKv cqvRb|
w
w
2. 4. 7. MxeZ ev ciwb`v Kiv ev kvbv

cZK gvbyli gaB AbK `vlwU we`gvb, wK Ab gvbyliv mjv AvjvPbv Kij Zvi Lvivc jvM| Gic
Kvbv mwZKvi `vlwU Kviv AbycwwZZ AvjvPbv KivB MxeZ| hgb, GKRb gvbyl eU, iMPUv, Anvix, ZvZjv,
wejvmx, A wkwZ, RvgvZ Kvhv Ki, aygcvb Ki, x c`v Ki bv, xbi AgyK KvR Aenjv Ki ... , BZvw` Kvbv `vl
ev `wKUz welq mwZB Zvi ga iqQ| Zvi AbycwwZZ Zvi G `vl DjL Kiv MxeZ I KwVb cvc|
gywgbi cyY web Kivi AbZg KviY MxeZ| KziAvb MxeZK gZfvBqi Mvk&Z LvIqv-Gi mv_ Zzjbv Kiv
nqQ| Avjvn ejb:
n gywgbMY, Zvgiv AwaKvsk Abygvb-aviYv cwiZvM Ki; KviY Kvbv Kvbv aviYv cvc| Zvgiv GK Acii Mvcbxq
welq mvb Kiv bv Ges GK Acii AbycwwZZ wb`v Kiv bv| Zvgvì ga wK KD Zvi gZ vZvi MvkZ fY KiZ
PvBe? Zvgiv Zv GK NYB gb Ki| Zvgiv AvjvnK fq Ki; Avjvn ZvIev MnYKvix, cig `qvjy|1
ivm~jjy vn ejb,
Contents
130

.
Lei`vi! Zvgiv AekB Abygvb-aviYv _K AvZiv Kie; KviY Abygvb aviYvB mePq eo wg_v| Ges Zvgiv GK
Acii Mvcbxq welq Rvbvi Pv Kie bv, Mvcb `vl mvb Kie bv, cii wnsmv Kie bv, cii wel wj ne bv Ges
cii kZv I mKQ` Kie bv| Zvgiv cii fvBfvB Avjvni ev`v nq hvI|1
Gfve Avgiv RvbwQ h, Abygvb K_v ejv Ges Abi `vl Abymvb Kiv nvivg| ay ZvB bq, Abymvb QvovI hw`
Abi Kvbv `vlwU RvbZ cvij Zv Zvi AbycwwZZ DjL Kiv MxeZ I nvivg|
MxeZ 100% mZ K_v| Kvbv ewi 100% mZ `vlwUi K_v Zvi AbycwwZZ DjL Kivi bvgB MxeZ| Ave~
ivBiv (iv) ejb,
om
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
ivm~jyjvn () ejjb, Zvgiv wK Rvb MxeZ ev AbycwZi wb`v Kx? mvnvexMY ejb, Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~jB () fvj
Rvbb| wZwb ejb, Zvgvi fvBK Zvi AbycwwZZ Ggbfve DjL Kiv hv m AcQ` Ki| ZLb ck Kiv njv, ejyb Zv, Avwg
hv ejwQ Zv hw` mZB Avgvi fvBqi ga weivRgvb nq Zvnj wK ne? wZwb ejb, Zzwg hv ejQ Zv hw` mZB Zvi ga weivRgvb
_vK Zvnj Zzwg Zvi MxeZ Kij| Avi hw` Zv Zvi ga bv _vK Zvnj Zzwg Zvi wg_v Acev` Kij|2
Avgiv fvwe, mZ K_v eje ZvZ Amyweav wK? Avgiv nqZ eywS bv ev cewi Kzgbvq eySZ PvB bv h, me mZ K_v
Rvqh bq| AbK mZ K_v wg_vi PqI ewk nvivg| Avevi KLbv ewj, Avwg G K_v Zvi mvgbI ejZ cvwi| mvgvb hv ejZ
cvib Zv wcQb ejvB Zv MxeZ|
MxeZi mePq KwVb welq MxeZ Kiv ev`vi n mswk cvc| mswk ew gv bv Kij G Acivai KviY
Avgvì cyY ZvK c`vb KiZ ne| MxeZi wb`vq Ges Gi KVviZg kvwi eYbvq AbK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| GLvb
mjvi wevwiZ AvjvPbv me bq| GLvb Avgiv KqKwU welqi cwZ cvVKi `w AvKlY KiZ PvB:
avwgK gvbylì cZbi AbZg KviY MxeZ| mgvRi AwaKvsk avwgK, Avwjg, hvwKi, Avwe`, Bmjvgi `vIqvZ,
ZvejxM, Av`vjb BZvw`Z wbqvwRZ agcvY gymwjg mKjB G me KwVb weasmx cvc wj nq cwo| mvaviYZ Avgiv
wbRì mnKgx, mx A_ev Ab Kvbv `ji ev gZi Kvbv agcvY ewi MxeZ Ki gRv cvB| GQvov mgvRi eemvqx,
bZvbxq gvbyl mKjiB ewMZ mgvjvPbv I MxeZ Ki Avgiv Zw cvB| AbK mgq Avgiv MxeZK hywmZ ej
cgvwYZ KiZ wMq ewj Avwg G mKj K_v Zvi mvgbI ejZ cvwi| mvgb h K_v ejv hvq m K_v AMvPi ejj MxeZ
ne? AbK mgq Avgiv MxeZK Bmjvgx ev agxq ic`vb Kwi| jvKwU Abvq Ki, cvc Ki Zv eje bv ? GLvb AvgvìK
KqKwU welq gb ivLZ ne:
w
w
c_g welq: Kvbv ewi Abvq Rvbj ZvK mskvabi Pv Kiv gywgbi `vwqZ| wK Zvi Abvqi K_v Zvi
AbycwwZZ Ab gvbyli mvgb AvjvPbv ev MxeZi gvag Kvbvw`bB KvDK mskvab Kiv hvq bv| ay cvc ARb I
wbRi kqZvbx cewi Pvwn`v gUvbv nq|
wZxq welq: Kviv `vlwUi K_v Zvi AbycwwZZ ejvi GKwUB kixqZ mZ KviY AvQ, ZvK ev Ab KvDK
AwaKZi wZ _K iv Kiv| hgb ZvK mskvab KiZ Zvi AwffveK ev Gic KvDK ejv hvK ejj Zvi mskvabi Avkv
Kiv hvq| A_ev Zvi `vlwU bv Rvbj Kviv Rvb-gvji wZi Avkv _vKj ZvKI Zv ejv hvq| GI gywgbK eySZ ne h,
GwU GKwU NwYZ KvR| GKvB wbRi `xbx `vwqZ cvjb eva nq wZwb Zv KiQb| KvRB cqvRbi AwZwi wKQzB bv ejv|
ZZxq welq: MxeZ KziAvb I nv`xmi gvag nvivg Kiv nqQ| KziAvb Kvixg ev mnxn nv`xm myfve MxeZK
Kvbv Aevq nvjvj ejv nq wb| ay Kvbv gvbyl ev RbMvxK wbwZ wZ _K iv Kivi GKv cqvRb Zv ea nZ
cvi ej AvwjgMY AwfgZ cKvk KiQb| GLb gywgbi KvR KziAvb I nv`xm hv wbla KiQ Zv NYvfi cwinvi Kieb|
GgbwK m KgwU KLbv Rvqh njI wZwb Zv me`v cwinvi Kivi Pv Kieb| k~Kii gvsm, g`, i BZvw` Avjvn nvivg
KiQb Ges cqvRb Rvqh ej NvlYv KiQb| GLb gywgbi `wqZ Kx? wewfb ARynvZ cqvRbxqZv `wLq Gjv fY
Kiv? bv hZ K ev cqvRbB nvK Zv cwinvi Kivi Pv Kiv?
Contents
131
MxeZI Abyic GKwU nvivg Kg hv GKv cqvRb ea nZ cvi| MxeZ I k~Kii gvsmi ga `ywU cv_K:
(K) cqvRb k~Kii gvsm LvIqvi AbygwZ KzivAvb we`gvb, cvi MxeZi Abyic Kvbv my Abygv`b KziAvb ev
mnxn nv`xm bB| (L) k~Kii gvsm fY Kiv aygv Avjvni n RwbZ cvc| mnRB ZvIevi gvag Zv gv nZ cvi| cv
i MxeZ ev`vi n RwbZ cvc| Gi gvi Rb mswk ewi gv cqvRb| GRb gywgbi `vwqZ wewfb ARynvZ ev hqxd-gvDh~
nv`xmi eivZ w`q G cvc wj bv nq h_vmva GK eRb Kiv|
PZz_ welq: Bmjvg Abi `vl wcQb ejZ hgb wbla Kiv nqQ, Zgwb Zv Mvcb KiZ Drmvn Ìqv nqQ|
ivm~jyjvn ejb:
.c
om
gymwjg gymwjgi fvB| GKRb AviKRbK Ryjgy Ki bv Ges wec` cwiZvM Ki bv| h ew Zvi fvBqi
cqvRb gUve Avjvn Zvi cqvRb gUveb| h ew Kvbv gymwjgi K-wec` `~i Kie Avjvn wKqvgZi w`b Zvi wec`
`~i Kieb| h ew Kvbv gymwjgi `vl Mvcb Kie Avjvn wKqvgZi w`b Zvi `vl Mvcb Kieb|1
wgkii Mfbi mvnvex DKev Beby Avwgi (iv)-Gi mUvix Aveyj nvBmvg `yLvBb ejb, Avwg DKev (iv) K
ejjvg, Avgvì KqKRb cwZekx g`cvb KiQ| Avwg GLwb hq cywjk WvKwQ hb Zvì ai wbq hvq| DKev ejb,
Zzwg Zv Kie bv| eis Zzwg ZvìK Dc`k `vI Ges fq `LvI|.... Avwg ivm~jjy vn () -K ejZ bwQ,
un
na
ht
ru
st
ss
h ew Kvbv gywgb ewi `vl Mvcb Kij, m hb Rxe cw_Z GK KbvK Kei _K DwVq Rxeb `vb Kij|
nv`xmwU mnxn|2
cg welq: gywgbi `vwqZ h_vme wbRi AiK wbRi fyjwU I cvci iY, ZvIevq I `yAvq e ivLv|
Abi fyj, Abvq, cvc BZvwì wPv gywgbi AiK bvsiv Ki Ges AMwYZ KjvY _K ewZ Ki| MxeZi dj
gywgbi gb AnsKvi Rb bq, hv AvLivZi asmi AbZg KviY|
wcq cvVK, bvRvZi Dcvq Kviv AbycwZ Zvi K_v AvjvPbv ev wPv Kiv cwinvi Kiv| me`v wbRi `vlwUi
K_v wPv Kiv| wbRi bvRvZi c_ LuR
y Z _vKv| Avjvn Avgvì iv Kib; Avgxb|
2. 4. 8. bvgxgvn ev PvMjLyix
MxeZi AviKwU chvq bvgxgvn, PvMjLyix A_vr Kvbfvvbv ev K_v jvMvb| GKRbi KvQ AbycwZ Kviv
`vlwU AvjvPbv MxeZ| Avi hw` Ggb `vlwU AvjvPbv Kiv nq hvZ `y ewi ga mK b nq Zvnj GK AviexZ
bvgxgvn ejv nq| GwU MxeZi PqI gvivZK Aciva I RNbZg Kexiv Mvbvni GKwU| mZ K_v jvMvbvI bvgxgvn,
hgb mZ `vl ejv MxeZ| ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
.a
w
w
PvMjLvi (KvbfvvwbZ wj) ew RvbvZ cek Kie bv|3

gb Kib K L-Gi KvQ M mK wKQy MxeZ ev Lvivc ge KiQ| L K-Gi gyL _K mjv b Kvbv
cwZev` bv Ki MxeZ kvbvi cvc cvcx nqQ| GLb G cvcK eY ew Kivi Rb m M-Gi wbKU Gm K-Gi
K_vjv me ej w`j| Gfve L MxeZ kvbv, MxeZ Kiv I bvgxgvn Kivi cvc wj njv| G `yej Cgvb ew M-Gi
wcqcv nIqvi Rb Avjvni Amw, MRe I kvw Pq wbj|
gynZvivg cvVK, gvbyli ga mymK vcbi Rb wg_ K_v ejv Rvqh, wK mK bKvix mZ K_v Rvqh bq| GQvov
GmKj MxeZ I bvgxgvq wj gvbylì mK mZK _vKzb| hw` KD Avcbvi KvQ Gm Avcbvi Kvbv fvB mK Gaibi K_v
ej Zvnj ZvK _vwgq w`b| GB jvKwU PvMjLvi| m mZev`x njI Avcbvi k| Avcbvi `qi ckvw, cweZv I
Avcbvi fvBqi mv_ Avcbvi mK b KiZ Pvq| Avjvn AvgvìK PvMjLvix I PvMjLvi _K ndvhZ Kib ; Avgxb|
mvwbZ cvVK, Anvi, cikxKvZiZv, wnsmv, MxeZ, bvgxgv BZvw` asmvZK `qRvZ Abyf~wZ _K iv cvIqvi AbZg
Contents
132
Dcvq h_vme me`v wbRi RvMwZK I cvijwKK DbwZ, wbRi `vlwU mskvab I ZvIevi wPvq gbK gM ivLv|
AvZck smvi ceYZv iva Ki AvZmgvjvPbvi ceYZv ew Kiv| Avgvi fvjY Zv AvQB| mjvi cksmv Ki ev b wK
jvf| Avgvi fyjwU wK AvQ Zv Rb Ges mskvwaZ Ki Aviv fvj nZ ne G wPvK gbi ga eg~j KiZ ne|
Ab Kvbv gvbyli K_v gb nj, AvjvPbv nj ev KD Zuvi cksmv Kij gbi ga cikxKvZiZv, wnsmv ev
AnsKvi AvmZ cvi| GRb G mKj D ew mK wbRi gb wewfb hyw w`q fvj aviYv eg~j Kiv, Zvi cksmv
hwK I DwPZ ej wbRi gbK wekvm Kivbv, Zvi fvj Yvejxi K_v gb Ki ZvK kv KiZ wbRi gbK Dz Kiv
cqvRb| gv^q Gfve Avgiv G mKj KwVb I asmvZK Kg _K wbRìK m~Y gy KiZ cvie|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
2. 4. 9. c`kbQv I mvbi AvMn

gywgb Zvi mKj Kg Kejgv Avjvni mw ARbi Rb Kieb| Avjvn Qvov Ab KvDK `Lvbvi Rb ev Kviv
KvQ _K cksmv, mvb ev cyivi jvfi Rb Kg KivK wiqv ejv nq| evsjvq Avgiv GK c`kbQv ejZ cvwi|
gywgbi mKj Bev`Z asm Kivi I ZvK Rvnvbvgx evbvbvi Rb kqZvbi AbZg duv` G wiqv| KziAvb I nv`xm wiqv ev
c`kbQvi fqvenZv mK mZK Kiv nqQ| ivm~jjy vn ejQb h, wKqvgZi w`b mec_ g hvìK Rvnvbvg wbc
Kiv ne Zvì ga _vKe GKRb eo Avwjg, GKRb cwm knx` I GKRb eo `vZv| Zviv AvRxeb Avjvni Bev`Z
e`wMZ KvUvjI wiqvi KviY Zviv asmM nq|1
wewfb nv`xm wiqvK wkiK AvmMvi ev QvU wkiK ejv nqQ| KviY ev`v Avjvni Rb Bev`Z KijI Ab mw
_KI mRb wKQz cyivi ev cksmv Avkv Ki Avjvni mv_ AbK kwiK Ki| G wkiKi KviY gymwjg Kvwdi ej MY
bv njI Zvi Bev`Z Keyj ne bv| GK nv`xm Ave~ mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb:
w
w
.a
ss
`vvji PqI h welq Avwg Zvgvì Rb ewk fq cvB m welqwU wK ZvgvìK eje bv? Avgiv ejjvg, nuv,
AekB ejyb| wZwb ejb, welqwU Mvcb wki&K| Mvcb wki&K GUv h, GKRb mvjvZ ùvove Gici hLb `Le h gvbyl
Zvi w`K ZvKvQ ZLb m mvjvZ myì Kie| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
wiqv _K AvZivi Rb gywgbi Pv KiZ ne h_vme mKj bdj Bev`Z Mvcb Kiv| Ze h Bev`Z cKvk
KivB mybvZ-mZ Zv cKvkB KiZ ne| wiqvi fq Kvbv wbqwgZ Bev`Z ev cKvk KiYxq Bev`Z ev` Ìqv hve bv|
wiqvi Abyf~wZ gb _K `~i KiZ Pv KiZ ne| KLbv Gm Mj evisevi ZvIev KiZ ne Ges Avjvni KvQ ZvIdxK
cv_bv KiZ ne|
wiqvi AbZg KviY mgvRi gvbylì KvQ mvb, ghv`v ev cksmvi Avkv| Avgvì Lye fvjfve eySZ ne h,
`ywbqvq Kvbv gvbylB wKQz w`Z cvi bv| mKjB Avgvi gZB Ag| h gvbylK `Lvbvi Rb, kvbvbvi Rb, hvi cksmv
ev cyivi jvfi Rb Avwg jvjvwqZ nwQ m Avgvi gZB Amnvq gvbyl| Avgvi Kg `L m cksmv bvI KiZ cvi| nqZ
Zvi cksmv kvbvi AvMB Avgvi gZz ne| A_ev cksmv Kivi AvMB Zvi gZz ne| Avi m cksmv ev mvb KijI Avgvi
wKQzB jvf ne bv| Avgvi gvwjK I cvjbKvixi cyiviB Avgvi Rb h_| wZwb AZB Lywk nb I ewk cyivi `b| wZwb
w`j KD VKvZ cvi bv| Avi wZwb bv w`j KD w`Z cvi bv|
Kve Beby gvwjK (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejQb:
`ywU zavZ bKoK GKwU glcvji ga Qo w`j bKo`ywU glcvji h wZ Kie, m` I mvbi jvf
gvbyli `xbi Zvi PqI ewk wZ Ki| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
mvwbZ cvVK, `ywbqvi ghv`v I cwZcw GKwU KwVb evSv I wdZbv| mvb I cwZcwnxb gvbyli Ai webq I
mijZvq fiv _vK| dj Avjvni ejvqvZ ARb Zvì Rb LyeB mnR nq| Avjvni wcq ev`vì AwaKvskB Gic mvaviY
gvbyl| ivm~jjy vn ejb:

AbK gvbyl Ggb AvQb hvi gv_vi Pzj Gjvgjv, c`hyMj aywjaymwiZ, ciYi Kvco AwZ-mvaviY Ges mgvR
Contents

ZvìK Kvbv iZ Ìqv nq bv, wK Avjvni KvQ Zvi ghv`v GZ ewk h, hw` wZwb kc_ Ki Avjvni KvQ
wKQz `vwe Kib Ze Avjvn Zv c~iY Kib|1
133
2. 4. 10. SMov-ZK
avwgK gvbylì Rb kqZvbi GKwU duv` SMov I weZK Rwoq cov| avwgK gvbyliv AbK mgqB agxq wewfb
welq wbq SMov-ZK Rwoq cob| Ave~ Dgvgv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb:
om
Kvbv mc`vqi myc_cv nIqvi ci wev nIqvi GKwUB KviY h, Zviv SMov-weZK wj nq co| nv`xmwU
nvmvb mnxn|2
me`v Pv KiZ ne weZK Gwoq Pjvi| agxq AvjvPbvi `vwqZ Avwjgì Dci Qo w`Z ne| GKvB eva nj
Avgiv AvjvPbvq wj ne, wK SMovq wj ne bv| Z_wfwK AvjvPbv ev gZ-wewbgq vb ew Ki| Avi SMov-ZK vb MnYi
c_ i Ki `q| AvjvPbvi cZK wbRi Rvbv Z_vw` Dcvcb Kib Ges Abi KvQ bZzb wKQz cj ev wbRi fyj
aiZ cvij Zv Avbw`ZwP MnY Kib| cvi SMo-ZK DfqcB wbRi vbK P~ov ej gb Kib Ges h Kvbv fve
wbRi gZi mwVKZv I Ab gZi fyj cgvY KiZ Pv Kib| wbRi vbi fyj ^xKvi KivK ewMZ civRq ej gb Kib|
G KviY Bmjvg SMov-ZK wbwl Kiv nqQ| ivm~jyjvn ejb,
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c

wbRi gZ evwZj nIqvi KviY h ew weZK cwiZvM Ki Zvi Rb RvbvZi cv``k evwo wbgvY Kiv ne|
Avi h ew wbRi gZ mwVK nIqv mI weZK cwiZvM Ki Zvi Rb RvbvZi gaeZx vb evwo wbgvY Kiv ne| Avi
hvi AvPiY myì Zvi Rb RvbvZi mevP vb evwo wbgvY Kiv ne| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
2. 5. whK&ii cwZeKZv AcmviY
w
w
.a
ss
Avjvni whK&i gvbe `qi Lv` I AvZvi cv_q| Avjvni ingZ, wbqvgZ, eiKZ, weavb, cyivi, kvw, Zuvi cksmv,
ghv`v, GKZ BZvwì iY gvbyli `qK cwe, ckv I kwkvjx Ki| whK&i g~jZ ini Rb AwRb I cvwbi gZv| h
gyn~Z jv ev`v Avjvni whK&i _K weiZ _vK mB gyn~Z wj Zvi AvZv AwRb I cvwbi Afve K cZ _vK| gnvb cfyi mv_
Zvi mshvM wewQb nq| `yej nq co Zvi `q| wPik kqZvb myhvM cvq GB `yej `qK AvgY Kivi| AvwZK myZv I
fvimvgc~Y `qi Rb gywgbK me`v Avjvni whK&i `qK iZ ivLvi Pv KiZ ne| wewfb eZv, Kg, wPv, DM BZvwì
KviY wKQy mgq whK&i wenxbfve AwZevwnZ nj, Avevi whK&ii w`K wdi AvmZ ne| gyL I gbK mvagZv e ivLZ ne
gnvb cfiy iY|
RvMwZK eZvi dj whK&i _K mvgwqK weiwZ AvZvi wKQy wZ KijI Zv ^vfvweK Ges m wZi c~iY me| wK
Gi PqI fqi wZ Ggb welq `qK iZ ivLv hv Avjvni whK&i _K ZvK `~i wbq hvq Ges Avjvni whK&ii cwZ `q
Abxnv mw Ki| Avgiv Rvwb h, gvbyl Amy nj Zvi iwP b nq| ZLb `ni Rb DcKvix Lv` Zvi Abxnv mw nq Ges
wZKviK Lv` MnY Zvi jvf eo hvq| `qi AevI Abyic| ^vfvweKfve gvbe`q Avjvni whK&i Zw I ckvw jvf
Ki| wK Amy `q Zvi cfyi whK&i Abxnv Abyfe Ki|
eZgvb cvq mKj cPvi gvag, webv`b, cwKv, M, Dcbvm `qK Amy Kivi I Avjvni whK&i _K `~i mwiq bqvi
Kg wbqvwRZ| Avgiv AZ e`bvi mv_ j Kwi h, G mKj cPvi I webv`b gvagjv ay Avjvni whK&i _K weiZB ivL
bv| Dci ag, bwZKZv, avwgK gvbyl I agRxebi cwZ KUv, welv`Mvi I NYv QovZ e| GmKj cPvi I webv`b gvag
gywbbi Rb weli gZvB wZKi| h_vmva Pv Kib Gwj _K `~i _vKvi| webv`bi Rb Bmjvg-mZ A_ev Bmjvgx
g~jeva weivax bq Gic gvag eenvi Kib| mvwnZ Dcbvm, M, cwKv BZvw` cwinvi Ki Bmjvgx eB, mr gvbylì Rxebx
BZvw` cvV wbRK iZ ivLv ìKvi| cqvRb Ggb mvwnZ cvV Kib hv Bmjvgx g~jevai mv_ mvsNwlK bq| Agymwjg
jLKMYi Dcbvm-M wkiK, Kzdi, g~wZc~Rv I AbmjvwgK ixwZbxwZi K_vq fiv| Gi PqI wZKi gymwjg bvgavix AbK
jLKi Dcbvm I mvwnZ| Zviv Bmjvgx g~jevaK AvnZ Kivi gvbmB mvwnZ iPbv Kib|
Kvbv Kvbv c-cwKvi g~jbxwZ Bmjvg, gymwjg, Avwjg, Bmjvgx ewZ, Bmjvgx cwZvb BZvwì Kzrmv iUbvi
Contents
134
gvag cvVKi gbK gv^q Bmjvgx g~jevai cwZ wei ev Akvkxj Ki Zvjv| hLbB Kvbv c-cwKv
ev mvwnZKg Gic jLvjwL `LZ cveb, ZLbB Zv cov e Kib| Gjv wel| ^gvvi weli gZv gv^q Zv
Avcbvi `qK Avjvni whK&i _K mwiq wbq hve| msev` Rvbvi Rb, ev mvwnZi Rb Ab cwKv ev eB cob| mePq
fvj nq GmKj AcqvRbxq welqvw` _K wbRK h_vme `~i ivLv| Avjvn Avgvì kqZvb I Zvi AbyPiì Li _K
iv Kib|
2. 6. AvZwg~jK gvbwmK I `wnK Kg
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv `wL h, wKQy gvbwmK ev `wnK Kg AvQ hv AwZ mnR AvgvìK Avjvni bKU
I mvIqve jvf mvnvh Ki| G mKj Kg cvjb Kij hvwKi AwZ A Avgj AwaK mvIqve ARb KiZ cvib| Avgvì
DwPZ Gjvi cwZ j ivLv|
2. 6. 1. RvMwZK Rxebi AvwqZ iY
gvbe Rxeb RvMwZK, mvsmvwiK KgKv, eZv I wPvfvebv _vKeB| Avjvn gvbylK GmKj KgKv RwoZ _vKvi
RbB mw KiQb| Ze G eZv I Kg wbRi, cwievii I mgvRi mKji cw_exZ myìic euvPvi I cvijwKK Rxeb
gyw I Avjvni mvwba Adzi wbqvgZ jvfi Rb| Kgi gvag Avjvni Adzi wbqvgZ I eiKZ ARb Ki wbR euvPZ
ne Ges AbK euvPZ mvnvh KiZ ne| wK kqZvbx civPbv I gvbexq `yej Zvi KviY Avgiv mw I Kgi Dki
GKevi wecixZ Aevb MnY Kwi| Avgiv ^v_ci nq hvB Ges wbRi AcqvRbxq I Aea ^v_ivi Rb Abvbì
AKjvY, wZ ev asm Kvgbv Kwi ev m Rb Pv Kwi| Gfve Avgiv g~jZ wbRìKI asm Kwi| jvf, jvjmv, wnsmv,
nvbvnvwb Avgvì `q I RxebK welv I KjywlZ Ki, AvgvìK mvi cg, KiYv I eiKZ _K ewZ Ki, Zuvi kvw
i ga wbcwZZ Ki Ges mevcwi Avgvì cvijwKK Rxebi KwVb asm I wZ wbwZ Ki|
G me wZKi cwiYwZ _K AvZivi Rb hyM hyM AbK gvbyl mbvm, eivM ev mgvR wewQb Rxeb eQ wbqQb|
Gfve mwi Dk evnZ KiQb| Bmjvg eivM ev mgvR wewQb Rxeb wbwl| mgvRi ga emevm Ki, mKj KgKv Ask
MnY Kivi mv_ mv_ wbRi `qK gvngy ivLv-B Bmjvgx eivM| Avi G Aev ARbi AbZg gvag cwZwbqZ G RvMwZK
Rxebi AvwqZ, gZz I gZz cieZx Rxebi K_v wbRK iY Kivbv| KziAvb I nv`xm GRb evievi gZzi K_v iY KiZ
wb`k Ìqv nqQ| G cw_exZ wbRK cevmx ev cw_K wnmve MY KiZ ejv nqQ| G iY Avgvì Rb AMwYZ mvIqve
ARbi cvkvcvwk Avgvì `qjvK jvf, wnsmv, cwZwnsmv BZvwì KwVb fvi _K gy Kie| Avgvì RxebK nvbvnvwb I
wnsmZv _K gy Kie|
w`bi wewfb Aemi I wekl Ki mKvj, mv ev ivZ wbavwiZ mgq wbRK iY Kivb : h gvbyli cieZx
wbkvmi wbqZv bB m Kx Rb nvbvnvwbZ wj ne? wKRb m jvf Kie| mZv cw_K| Pjvi c_i cqvRbxq
KvRjv mb Kiv I cv_q msMnB Zv Zvi KvR| Pjvi c_ hw` KD K `q ZvK me nj gv Ki w`B bv Kb|
KqK gynZ
~ ciB Zv ZvK Avi `Le bv| ivvq, dixZ, ijkb ev GqvicvU emvi Pqvi, Uwj, Lvevii cU, mvgvb
avvavwi Rb wK Avgiv mgq b Ki gvivgvwiZ wj nB? G Rxeb Zv G mKj Avqx vbiB GKUz weZZ ic| Pv Kwi
bv Kb G Yvqx RxebK gv, fvjevmv I mevq fi w`Z| ZvZ Rxeb ne Avjvni ingZ ab Avi Avwg ARb Kie
AvLivZi Ag~j cv_q|
cvw_e ^v_ciZv ev jvfi Rb cfyi wb`kbvi evBi KvR KiwQ? wK jvf ne ZvZ? m jvf wK fvM KiZ cvie?
cvij KZw`b| Zvici Zv AvgvK cfyi KvQB wdi hZ ne| AgyKi Lywki Rb, ZgyKi KvQ eo nIqvi Rb, AviKRbi
KvQ wcq nIqvi Rb Avwg G KvRwU KiZ PvwQ| wK jvf ZvZ? m AvgvK Kx è? hv è Zv _K wK Avwg jvfevb nZ
cvie? AvgvK Zv Avgvi cfyi KvQ GKvKxB Pj hZ ne| Avgvi Zv eveev`x nIqv DwPZ| wbRi RvMwZK I ciKvjxb
Rxebi Rb h KvR Avgvi ie Lywk m KvRB Zv Avgvi Kiv DwPZ|
mywcq cvVK, Avgvì DwPZ cwZw`b wbRì wePvi Kiv| Yvqx cevmi I wPivqx Avevmi Rb hv cqvRbxq
mjvB Kiv| G wPv AvgvìK Dci ewYZ gvgq I wnsmvnxb `q ARbI mvnvh Kie| G wPvjv ejvqvZ I
Bnmvbi c_ Avgvì gnvg~j cv_q|
2. 6. 2. mwi KjvY iZ _vKv
Avjvni ingZ, eiKZ I mvIqve ARbi mnRZg c_ Avjvni mwi cwZ, weklZ gvbyli cwZ KjvY I DcKvii nvZ
evwoq Ìqv| mKj RvMwZK cqvRb mvnvh Kiv, mgvRi wKQy gvbyli ga cii Mvjgvj ev Akvw nj kvw cwZvi Pv
Kiv, Amy K `LZ hvIqv, mev Kiv, wec` coj Dvi Kiv, gvhj~g nj mvnvh Kiv, gZyeiY Kij Kvdb-`vdb kixK nIqv
BZvw` mKj cKvi gvbe mevg~jK KvRi Rb AKbxq mvIqve I ghv`vi K_v AMwYZ nv`xm ewYZ nqQ|
ivm~jjy vn ejQb: hZY GKRb gvbyl Ab Kvbv gvbyli KjvY wbqvwRZ _vKe ZZY Avjvn Zvi KjvY
Contents
135
iZ _vKeb| Avjvni wbKU mePq wcq ev`v h gvbyli mePq ewk DcKvi Ki| Avjvni wbKU mePq wcq
bK Avgj Kvbv gymwjgi `q Avb` cek Kivb, A_ev Zvi wec`, K ev DrKv `~i Kiv, A_ev Zvi FY Av`vq Ki
Ìqv, A_ev Zvi zav `~i Kiv| Avgvi Kvbv fvBqi KvR Zvi mv_ GKUz nuU hvIqv Avgvi wbKU gmwR` GK gvm
BZKvd Kivi PqI ewk wcq| h ew Zvi Kvbv fvBqi mv_ hq Zvi cqvRb wgwUq wè wKqvgZi KwVb w`b
hw`b mKji cv wcQj hve mw`b Avjvn Zvi cv my`p ivLeb| ... GBic AMwYZ nv`xm Avgiv nv`xmi M `LZ
cvB|1
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
2. 6. 3. wnsmvgy KjvY Kvgbv

`qK wel, wnsmv I Abi Agj Kvgbv _K gy ivLv Ggb GKwU Kg hv gvbylK AwZwi bdj Bev`Z I whK&i
AvhKvi QvovB RvbvZi AwaKvix Ki Zvj| Avbvm (iv) ejb, GKw`b Avgiv ivm~jjy v n -Gi KvQ emwQjvg, GgZvevq
wZwb ejjb : GLb Zvgvì GLvb GKRb RvbvZx gvbyl cek Kieb| ZLb GKRb Avbmvix gvbyl cek Kijb, huvi `vwo
_K Ih~i cvwb cowQj Ges Zuvi evg nvZ Zuvi RyZvRvov wQj| cii w`bI ivm~jyjvn GKB K_v ejjb Ges GKB ew cek
Kijb| ZZxq w`bI ivm~jjy vn c_g w`bi gZvB Aveviv ejjb Ges Aveviv GKB ew cek Kijb| ZZxq w`b
ivm~jyjvn gRwjm f Pj Mj Avyjvn Beby Dgvi (iv) D Avbmvix ewi wcQ wcQ hq ejb, Avwg Avgvi wcZvi mv_
gb KlvKwl KiwQ Ges wZb ivZ evwoZ hve bv ej Kmg KiwQ| G Kq ivZ Avcbvi KvQ _vKZ wèb wK? wZwb ivwR nb|
(Avyjvni BQv wZb ivZ Zuvi KvQ _K Zuvi ewMZ Bev`Z Rb Z`c Avgj Kiv, hb wZwbI RvbvZx nZ cvib)|
wZwb wZb ivZ Zuvi mv_ _vKb, wK ZuvK iv DV Zvnvy` Av`vq KiZ ev wekl Kvbv bdj Bev`Z cvjb KiZ
`Lb bv| Ze wZb w`bi ga ZuvK aygv fvj K_v Qvov Kviv wei Kvbv Lvivc K_v ejZ kvbbwb| Avyjvn ejb,
Avgvi KvQ Zuvi Avgj LyeB bMY gb nZ jvMj| Avwg ejjvg : `Lyb, Avgvi mv_ Avgvi wcZvi Kvbv gbgvwjb nqwb| Ze
Avwg cici wZwb w`b ivm~jyjv n -K ejZ bjvg GLb GKRb RvbvZx gvbyl Avmeb Ges wZbeviB Avcwb Avmjb| GRb
Avwg Avcbvi Avgj `L mBgZv Avgj Kivi Dk Avcbvi KvQ wZb iv KvwUqwQ, wK Avwg AvcbvK wekl Kvbv Avgj
KiZ `Ljvg bv! Zvnj Kx Kgi dj AvcbvK ivm~jyjvn RvbvZx ejjb? wZwb ejjb: Zzwg hv `LQ Gi ewk Kvbv Avgj
Avgvi bB, Ze Avwg Avgvi Aii ga Kvbv gymjgvbi Rb Kvbv Agj BQv ivwL bv Ges Avwg Kvbv wKQyi Rb KvDK
wnsmv Kwi bv| ZLb Avyjvn ejb: GB Kgi RbB Avcwb GB ghv`vq cuQvZ ciQb| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
w
w
.a
ss
Ab nv`xm Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn AvgvK ejb, eUv, hw` cvi Ze Ggbfve mKvj I mv Kie
(Rxeb KvUve) h, Zvgvi `q Kviv cwZ Kvbv wel ev Agj BQv bB| me nj GBic Pje, KviY GBic Pjv
Avgvi mybv Zi Af
y | Avi h Avgvi mybvZK RxweZ Kij, m AvgvK fvjevmj| Avi h AvgvK fvjevme m Avgvi
mv_ RvbvZ _vKe| nv`xmwUi mb` `yejZv AvQ, Ze Bgvg wZiwghx nv`xmwUK nvmvb ejQb|3
cvVK nqZ ck KiZ cvib h, msNvZc~Y Rxeb AbK gvbyl AvgvìK K `b, nK b Kib, wZ Kib ev
kZv Kib| AbK AKviYI Gjv Kib| Gì cwZ wel I kZv _K `qK wKfve weiZ ivLe ? Avmj welqwU
KwVb ejB Zv mvIqve ewk| Ze Pv Kij Zv KwVb _vK bv| gvbexq ^fvei KviY Avgvì gb wekl gyn~Z va,
K ev weiw AvmeB| Ze gbUv GKUz kv njB, hZ ZvovZvwo me gbi ga _K G Abyf~wZ `~i Kivi Pv KiZ ne|
Avjvni KvQ wbRi Rb I hvi Kg ev eenvi Avgiv K cqwQ Zvi Rb BwMdvi KiZ ne I `yAv KiZ ne|
cqvRb wbRi n ivi Rb Pv KiZ ne| Ze AwaKvi Av`vqi Pv ev Kg Avi gbi wnsmv I kZv GK
bq| GK ew Avgvi AwaKvi b KiQb, Avwg Zvi wbKU _K Avgvi AwaKvi Av`vqi Pv KiwQ| wK Zvi mv_ Avgvi
Ab Kvbv kZv bB| Avwg Avgvi AwaKvi dir cvIqv Qvov Zvi Kvbv cKvi Agj Kvgbv Kwi bv| eis Avwg me`v Zvi
Rb `yAv Kwi| Gfve `qK Af Kij Bb&kv Avjvn Avgiv DcwiD mvnvexi gZv nZ cvie Ges ivm~jyjvn -Gi
mybvZ RxweZ Kivi mvIqve ARb KiZ cvie|
2. 6. 4. AvZwbqY I ahaviY
gb wbqYi gvag mnRB AZ ewk mvIqve ARbi AbZg gvag mei ev ahaviYi Y ARb Kiv| ah
gywgbi Rxebi AbZg ewk I Cgvbi AweQ` Ask| ah ejZ wbwq wbRxeZv eySvbv nq bv, eis mwq AvZwbqY
gZv eySvbv nq| cvwicvwkK Aev ev Abi AvPiY viv wbRi AvPiY cfvweZ bv Ki wbRi wi wmvi wfwZ
Contents

wbRK cwiPvwjZ Kivi gZv| GK K_vq Re-active bv nq Pro-active nIqv| ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
1
136
om
ah I D`viZvB mevg Cgvb| nv`xmwU mnxn|

Bmjvgx `wKvY _K ah wZb cKvii: (1) wec`-Avc` I K ah, (2) cvc I jvf _K ah Ges (3) vai
ga ah|
wec` nZvk ev Aah nq cov GKw`K hgb Cgvbi cwicx, Aciw`K Zv gvbexq ewZi Pig civRq| nZvkv,
AwiZv ev DrKv wec` `~i Kibv, wecì K Kgvq bv ev wec` _K Dvi cvIqvi c_ `Lvq bv| mevcwi nZvkv ev
ahnxbZv ^qs GKwU KwVb wec` hv gvbylK Aviv AbK KwVb wecì ga wbcwZZ Ki| cvi ah wec` `~i bv KijI
Zv wec` wbqY Ki, wec` _K Dvii Rb kvfve wPv Kivi myhvM `q Ges AwiZv RwbZ Abvb wecì c_iva
Ki| mevcwi wec` K ahi gvag gywgb Avjvni wbKU gnvb ghv`v, mvIqve, RvMwZK eiKZ I cvijwKK gyw ARb
Kib| KziAvb Kvixg Gikv` Kiv nqQ: Avwg ZvgvìK fq, zav Ges abm`, Rxeb I dj-dmji qwZ viv Aek
cixv Kie| Avi Avcwb f msev` c`vb Kib ahkxjìK, hviv Zvì Dci wec` AvcwZZ nj ej, Avgiv Zv AvjvniB
Ges wbwZfve Zuvi w`KB cZveZYKvix|2
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
ah njv Kggq wiwPZv I nZvkvgy my`p gbvej| gywgb `p gbvej wbq wbRi KjvY I ^v_ ARbi Rb Pv
Kieb| wec` Avc` KLbvB AZxZi fyjvw wbq nZvkv ev Avdmvm Ki mgq b Kieb bv ev gbi ga kqZvbi KzgYv
I nZvkvi Abyceki ìRv Lyj wèb bv| eis hv NUvi Avjvni BQvZB NUQ G wekvm wbq ahaviY KiZ ne Ges `p
gbvej wbq Kgi c_ GMvZ ne| ivm~jyjvn () ejb:
ss
kwkvjx gywgb Avjvni wbKU `yej gywgbi Pq AwaK wcq I AwaK KjvYgq, hwÌ cZKi wfZiB KjvY
iqQ| Zvgvi Rb hv KjvYKi Zv ARbi Rb Zzwg my`p gbvej wbq mP nI Ges Avjvni mvnvh cv_bv Ki| KLbvB
nZvkv ev Aemv`M ne bv| hw` Zzwg Kvbv wec`-Amyweavq wbcwZZ nI Ze Zzwg eje bv h, hw` Avwg GBic KiZvg!!
eis Zzwg eje: Avjvni wbaviY Ges wZwb hv BQv KiQb ZvB KiQb| KviY hw` KiZvg!! ej AZxZi Kg wbq
Avdmvm kqZvbi Kgi c_ Dby Ki|3
vai mgq ahaviY Cgvbi AbZg w`K| ivm~jjy v n ejb:
h AciK gjhy civwRZ KiZ cvi m cKZ exi bq, cKZ

exi h vai mgq wbRK wbqwZ ivLZ
.a
cvi|4
w
w
Ave~ `vi`v (iv) ejb, GK ew ivm~jyjv n -K ejb, AvgvK Ggb GKwU Kg wkwLq w`b hv AvgvK RvbvZ cek
Kive| wZwb ejb:
Zzwg ivMe bv; ZvnjB RvbvZ Zvgvi Rb|5 nv`xmwU mnxn|

vai mgq AvZwbqYi cvkvcvwk hvi cwZ vai D`K nqQ ev h K w`qQ ZvK gv KiZ I Zvi mv_
Dg AvPiY KiZ weklfve wb`k Ìqv nqQ KziAvb I nv`xm| weklZ hvK kvw Ìqv me mic ewK gv
Kiv AZxe cqvRb| Avjvn ejb:
Contents
137
fvj Ges g` (AvPiY) mgvb nZ cvi bv| g` cwZnZ Ki DrK viv; dj Zvgvi mv_ hvi kZv
AvQ m nq hve Ai ezi gZ| G Yi AwaKvix Kiv nq Kej ZvìKB hviv ahkxj, G Yi AwaKvix Kiv nq
Kej ZvìKB hviv gnv fvMevb|1
cKZ gywgbì ewk eYbv cm Avjvn ejb:
Zviv Kexiv Mvbvnmg~n I Akxj Kg eRb Ki Ges hLb Zviv vavw^Z nq ZLb Zviv gv Ki|2
Ab RvbvZx gywgbì cwiPq Avjvn ejQb:
Zviv va wbqY Ki Ges gvbylìK gv Ki|3

Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb:
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
h ew va wbqY Kie Avjvn Zvi `vl-wU Mvcb ivLeb| weiw I va DwRZ Aevq hw` KD ivM
cKvki gZv _vKv mI Zv mîY Ki Ze Avjvn KqvgZi w`b Zvi `qK cwiZw I mw viv c~Y Kieb|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|4
va mîY Kiv I vai mgq AvZ wbqY Kivi Rb ivm~jyjvn () wewfb cwZ wkv w`qQb, mwji ga iqQ,
vavw^Z nj AvDhy wejvwn wgbvk kvBZvwbi ivRxg cvV Kiv, Avjvni vai K_v iY Kiv, DwRZ Aevq K_v bv ej Pzc
Ki _vKv, gyL-gv_vq Vvv cvwb eenvi Kiv, IRy Kiv, ùvwoq ev em _vKj kqb Kiv BZvw`|
w
w
.a
ss
2. 6. 5. nZvkv eRb I Avjvni cwZ my-aviYv

Avjvni ingZ _K bivkB nZvkv I DrKvi g~j KviY| GRb Zv g~jZ Kgq cvc Ges KLbv ayB K| GRb
nv`xm evisevi Gjv _K Avjvni Avkq cv_bv KiZ wkv Ìqv nqQ| nv`xm G welq `ywU k eeZ| c_g kwU nv
( )Ges wZxq k h&b ev nvhvb (` |)ywU kiB A_: gbve`bv, DrKv, gbvK, welbZv, gvbwmK A^w, `ywv,
Akvw, DwMZv, DM, AwbqZveva, `ytL, kvK, ggcxov, nZvkv, gbvejnxbZv, weglZv, welv`MZv, Avb`nxbZv BZvw`
(worry, anxiety, solicitude, grief, distress, sadness, sorrow, unhappiness, depression, dejection, melancholy)|
`ywU ki ga cv_K DrKv ev nZvkvi Drm wbq| hw` eZgvb ev fwelr Kvbv welqi KviY Gic nZvkv ev DrKv nq Zvnj
ZvK AviexZ nv ejv nq| Avi hw` AZxZ wbq Zv nq Zvnj ZvK hb ejv nq| mvjvZi cii `yAv I FYgywi `yAv cm
Avgiv KqKwU `yAv DjL KiwQ hjvZ nv I h&b _K Avjvni Avkq cv_b Kiv nqQ|
gvbwmK AwiZv I Akvw gvbe Rxebi mePq eo mgmv| weklZ eZgvb hvwK I ^v_ci mfZv I mgvReev
gvbylK AbK welq Avivg-Avqki eev KijI gvbwmK Akvw I DrKv evwoq w`qQ| mQj, mg I gZvevb
gvbylivI bvbvwea gvbwmK Akvw, DrKv, nZvkv, welv`MZv BZvw`Z Avv| G mKj gvbwmK AmyZvi KviY evoQ Anvi,
AvMvmx ev DZ gbvfve, nxbgbZveva, m`nceYZv, AmwnyZv, va, wnsmZv, gv`KZv BZvw`| Avi Gjv ewi gvbwmK
AwiZv ewi mv_ mv_ cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK Akvw I Aeq ew KiQ| b nQ cwievi I mgvR|
G mKj AmyZ
v, Akvw, nZvkv ev DrKvi g~j KviY Avjvni whKi _K AiK wegyL ivLv| KLbv KLbv `wnK ev
`nhi mgmvi KviYI nZvkv (depression) ivMi Avgb NU| Gjv Lye Kg nq| AwaKvsk gvbwmK AwiZvB
`nhi eKj Zwi Ki| cwe I Cgvbx wh`wM hvcbi gvag Avgiv G KwVb K _K iv cZ cvwi|
gvbyli gb Avjvni Dci Avv hZ Mfxi nq gvbwmK kw I wiZv ZZB ew cvq| wbqwgZ Avjvni Bev`Z, `yAv I
whKi, KziAvb-mybv n Aaqb, gvRvwjmyh whKi BZvwì gvag Avjvni Dci Mfxi Avv, wekvm, ZvIqvzj, Zuvi Bjg, BQv, ingZ,
ZvK`xi BZvwì Mfxi wekvm, AvwLivZgywLZv ARbi gvag gywgb mKj cKvi nZvkv I DrKvgy cwe Rxeb jvf Kib| nZvkv
I DrKvi wei gywgbi gb cwZivagZv Zwi nq| hKvbv `ytL, e`bv, K ev mgmvq gbi ga nZvkv ev DrKv AvKwZ
wbZ i KijB Cgvbx PZbvjv Avjvni cwZ my-aviYv, wbfiZv, ah, KZZv, wbjvfZv, mvIqve-AvKvLv BZvw` Abyf~wZ w`q
`Z ZvK wNi ai, Ae`wgZ Ki Ges bwZevPK Abyfw~ ZjvKB BwZevPK cwiYZ Ki `qK ckvwZ fi `q|
g~jZ GwUB ivn ejvqvZ eBwUi g~j welq| G eBwUZ KziAvb I mybv ni h w`K wb`kbv AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ mjvi
Contents
138
AvswkK `qg I cvjb h Kvbv gywgbK Gic ckvwi Quvqv wè ej Avgvì wbwZ wekvm I eve AwfZv|
Avi G cvc I K _K Dvi cvIqvi g~j Dcvq gnvb Avjvni cwZ myaviYv cvlY Kiv| Aii GKwU mnR I iZc~Y
Bev`Z Avjvni cwZ my-aviYv cvlY Kiv I Avjvni ingZi Avkvq `qK ficyi ivLv| ivm~jjy vn ejb:

)( )(
1
Avjvni cwZ myaviYv cvlY Kiv Dg Bev`Z|

hZ KwVb wec` ev mgmvB AvmyK bv Kb, gywgbi `q AwePj Avv _vK h, Zvi KiYvgq-`qvgq cwZcvjK
ZvK AekB mvnvh Kieb Ges Zvi Rb hv KjvYKi ZviB eev Kieb| Avjvni ingZi cwZ AwePj Avvi mvgvbZg
NvUwZ CgvbiB NvUwZ| Avjvni ingZ _K wbivk nIqv, nZvkv ev Aemv` Avv nIqv AwekvmiB bvgvi| Avjvn
ejb: GKgv Kvwdi mc`vq Qvov KDB Avjvni `qv _K wbivk nq bv|2
nZvkv I `ywv kqZvbi we`vjqi AbZg cvV| Avjvn ejb:
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
kqZvb ZvgvìK `vwiì fq c`kb Ki Ges ZvgvìK Akxj KvRi wb`k `q, Avi Avjvn ZvgvìK
Zuvi c _K gv I eiKZ-ingZi AxKvi Kib|3
Avgiv GKUz AvM `LwQ, gywgbK kwkvjx nZ ne Ges h Kvbv mgmv ev wec` Dvi cvIqvi Rb, wbRi
KjvY, ^v_ I myweav ivi Rb mevZK Pv KiZ ne| Ze mgmv _K DiYi Pv I cwiKbv GK welq Avi `ywbv
I nZvkv m~Y Ab welq|
gywgbi gw cwiKbv Kie, `n Zv evevqb cwikg Kie, wK `q-gb ckv I DrKv-gy _vKe| Avgvì
AwaKvsk `ywvB Ag~jK| ivMevwaZ Avv nj AwaKvsk mgqB Avgiv Lvivc cwiYwZi K_v wPv Ki nZvkv I `yw
vM nB| ewMZ, cvwievwiK ev mgvwRK h Kvbv cKZ ev mve mgmvK wbq Avgvì wPv AwaKvsk B Lvivc
w`KUv wbqB AvewZZ nq| A_P mgmv _K DiYi eve Pvi cvkvcvwk mKj Aevq fvj wPv Kiv Ges Avjvni ingZ
mKj wec` KU hveB Gic my`p Avkv cvlY Kiv gywgbi Cgvbi `vex Ges mvIqvei KvR| h ev`v ingZi Avkv KiZ
cvib bv wZwb Zv Avjvni cwZ myaviYv cvlY KiZ cvijb bv| Avi Avjvn Zv ev`vi aviYv I Avv AbymviB Zvi cwZ
eenvi Kieb|
mve wecì Zv bqB, cKZ wecì I gywgb KLbvB nZvk nb bv| KviY gnvb Avjvn ejQb:
4
.a
ss
wbq Ki mv_B ^w| wbq Ki mv_B ^w|

Gfve Avjvn GKwU Ki Rb `ywU ^wi Iqv`v KiQb| GRb gywgb K ev wecì ga wbcwZZ nj G fe Lywk nb
h, G K g~jZ AvMZ ^wiB c~ev fvm gv| gnvb Avjvn Avgvì `qjv Zuvi ingZi Avkvq fi w`b Ges mKj nZvkv I
bivk _K gy ivLyb|
w
w
2. 6. 6. KZZv I mw
K&i A_ KZZv, wi`v A_ mw Ges KvbvAvZ A_ ^ Zzw| G wZbwU Kg gywgbi gbK Abykxjb KiZ ne|
Gwj `ywbqv I AvwLivZi Ab wbqvgZi Drm| Avjvn ejb:
hw` Zvgiv KZZv cKvk Ki Ze Avwg Aviv evwoq è| Avi hw` Zvgiv AKZ nI Ze Avgvi kvw eo
KwVb|5
Avgvì cZKi Rxeb AMwYZ bqvgZ iqQ| Avevi AbK KI iqQ| gvbyli GKwU eo `yejZv Avbì
K_v ZvovZvwo fyj hvIqv I K e`bvi K_v evisevi iY Kiv| G `yejZv KvUvZ ne| Rxebi cwZ Avgvì `wfw
AekB BwZevPK nZ ne| Avgiv KLbvB K I AmyweavjvK eo Ki `Le bv| Ki K_v evisevi gb Ki Rvei KvUe
bv| eis Avjvni Ìqv bqvgZ, kvw, myL evisevi iY Ki Avjvni cwZ KZZv cKvk Kie| G BwZevPK I
Contents
139
KZZvg~jK `wfw ARb Kiv gvbe Rxebi kZg m`| G `wfw h Kvbv gvbyli RxebK kvw I
cwiZwZ fi `q|
Ki Abyfwy ZK gv^q KZZvi AbyfywZZ icvwiZ KiZ ne| Avjvni AMwbZ wbqvgZi ga wKQz Ki KviY
hw` Mvbvn gv nq I ghv`v ew cvq Zvnj Amyweav Kx? cwZwU gvbyli RxebB wec`vc` AvQ| KvRB Avgvi Rxeb Zv wKQz
Amyweav _vKeB| wec` I mgmv Zv Aviv KwVb nZ cviZ| AbKi RxebB Zv Avgvi PqI AwaK K AvQ| KvRB Avgvi
nZvk nIqvi wKQz bB| ivm~jyjvn ejQb,
(
)

om
m`, kwZ ev wih&K Zvgvì Pq Dg Kviv w`K hLb Zvgvì Kviv `w coe, ZLb hb m Zvi Pq
Lvivc Aevq hviv AvQ Zvì w`K `wcvZ Ki|1
AwZ mvgvb bqvgZiI KZZv cKvki Afvm Zwi KiZ ne| mvgvbZg Avb`, Zw, fvjjvMv, Pvicvki
Kviv mvgvbZg myì AvPiY me wKQzi Rb `qfi Avjvni cwZ KZZv cKvk KiZ ne| Avjvni mKj wbqvgZB eo|
Qv bqvgZK eo Ki Abyfe Kij Avjvn Aviv eo bqvgZ c`vb Kib| ivm~jjy vn ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
h ew Ai KZZv cKvk Ki bv, m ewkiI KZZv cKvk Ki bv|2

Rxebi mKj Avb`, myL, jvf, cyivi BZvw` mKj wbqvgZi K_v cm I myhvM cj AbìK ejZ ne|
Avgiv mvaviYZ myLi ev Avbì K_vi Pq `ytLi K_v ejZ ewk AvMnx| AvgvìK Gi wecixZ ejvi Afvm Avq
KiZ ne| ivm~jjy vn ejb:
Avjvni wbqvgZi K_v ejv KZZv Ges Zv bv ejv AKZZv|

Avjvni cwZ KZZvi `vwe, ev`vi cwZ KZZv cKvk Kiv| hw` KD Avgvì mvgvbZg mnhvwMZv Kib Ze
Avgvì `vwqZ, Zvi cwZ cwic~Y AvwiKZvi mv_ KZZv cKvk Kiv| me nj ZvK cwZ`vb Ìqv| bv nj Zvi Rb
`yAv Kiv Ges Zvi DcKvii K_v AKcU mKji KvQ ^xKvi Kiv I ejv| ivm~jjy vn () ejb:
h ew gvbyli cwZ KZZv cKvk Ki bv, m Avjvni cwZI AKZ| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
Ab nv`xm wZwb ejb:
ss
w
w
.a
hw` Zvgvì KvDK KD Kvbvfve DcKvi Ki Ze Zvgiv Zvi cwZ`vb wè| hw` Zvgiv cwZ`vb w`Z bv
cvi Ze Zvi Rb ewk ewk `vqv Kie hvZ Abyfe KiZ cvi h, Zvgiv Zvi KZZv cKvk KiZ ciQ|5
2. 6. 7. wbjvfZv
hyn` A_ wbjvfZv, wbwjZv, eivM BZvw`| Bmjvg mbvm ev msmviZvMi eivM wbwl| mvsmvwiK I mvgvwRK
Rxebi ga Aevb Ki RvMwZK m` I mvbi jvf _K `qK wegy ivLZ Drmvn Ìqv nqQ| mQjZv,
AmQjZv, mvb I Amvb mKj Aevq `qi Aev GK _vKvB Bmjvgx eivM| Avjvn hLb hfve ivLeb ZLb m
Aevq ev`v Zvi `vwqZjv cvjb KiZ mP _vKeb| m` ev cwZcw _vKj Zv w`q ev`v h_vmva AvwLivZi cv_q
ARbi Pv Kib| m` ev cwZcw bv _vKj ev`v fvigy nIqvi KviY Avjvni KZZv cKvk Kib Ges wbwiwewj
AvwLivZi cv_q msMn e _vKb| h Kvbv mgq Zvi gvwjKi WvK mvov w`q wbR Avevm Mgbi Rb wZwb
gvbwmKfve cZ _vKb|
G RMZ gywgb GKRb c_Pvix ev cevmx gv| evm, ij ev wegvb fvj wmU cZ Pvb hvx, wK fvj wmU bv cj
`ywv ev nZvkvq Avv nb bv| h wmU cqQb ZvZ emB wbRi Mej Mgb Kib| c_i m`h I kvw ZvK
Contents
140
Avbw`Z Ki| wK c_i K ZvK nZvk Ki bv|
Avyjvn Beby gvmE` ejb, ivm~jyjv n GKwU PvUvBqi Dci Nywgq wQjb| wZwb Nyg _K DVj Avgiv `Ljvg h,
Zvi `n PvUvBqi `vM nq wMqQ| Avgiv ejjvg, n Avjvni ivm~j, Avcwb AbygwZ w`j Avgiv Avcbvi Rb GKwU weQvbv evwbq
w`Z PvB| wZwb ejb:

Avgvi mv_ `ywbqvi Kx mK! `ywbqvZ Avgvi Aev AweKj m Avivnxi gZ, h GKwU MvQi Qvqvq wekvg wbqQ
Ges Gici MvQwU dj iL m Pj wMqQ|1
Avyjv n Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb,
.c
om
Zzwg `ywbqvZ Ggb nI, hb Zzwg cevmx A_ev c_Pvix| Beby Dgvi ejZb, hLb mv ne, ZLb Zzwg cieZx
mKvji Acv Kie bv| Avi hLb mKvj ne ZLb Zzwg cieZx mvi Acvq _vKe bv| Zvgvi myZv _K Zzwg
Zvgvi AmyZ
vi cv_q msMn Ki Ges Zvgvi Rxeb _K Zzwg Zvgvi gZzi Rb cv_q MnY Ki|2
mvnj Beby mv` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
`ywbqvi welq wbwj-wbjvf nI, Zvnj Avjvn ZvgvK fvjevmeb, Avi gvbyli nvZ hv AvQ Zv _K wbwjwbjvf nI, Zvnj gvbyl ZvgvK fvjevme| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
mvwbZ cvVK, wbjvfZv I ckvwc~Y cwe `q I Rxeb ARbi AbZg c_ AvwLivZgywLZv| Avbvm (iv) ejb:
ivm~jyjvn () ejb:
.a
ss
h ewi wPv-DrKv AvwLivZ wbq AvewZZ Avjvn Zuvi `qi ga mQjZv c`vb Kib, Zvi KgKv myMvQvjv
evwbq `b Ges `ywbqv AbyMZ I eva nq Zvi wbKU AvMgb Ki| Avi h ewi wPv-DrKv `ywbqv wbq AvewZZ Avjvn
Zvi `yPvLi gvS `vwi` iL `b, Zvi KgKv wew evwbq `b Ges `ywbqv _K m ZZUzKzB ARb KiZ cvi hv Zvi
Rb wbavwiZ| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
2. 6. 8. myì AvPiY
mKji mv_ Dg I kvfbxq AvPiY Kiv Avjvni wcqZg Bev`Zmg~ni AbZg| Ave~ `vi`v (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn
ejQb:
w
w
wKqvgZi w`b KgwePvii cvjvq ev`vi mePq fvix I g~jevb Kg ne myì AvPiY Ges myì AvPiYi AwaKvix
gvbyl ay Zvi myì eenvii wewbgqB bdj mvjvZ I bdj wmqvg cvjb Kivi mvIqve ARb Kie| nv`xmwU mnxn|5
gywgbi AvPiY GgbB h mnRB wZwb gvbylK Avcb Ki bb Ges AbivI ZvK Avcb Ki fvjem dj|
ivm~jjy vn () ejb:
gywgb H ew h wbR AbìK fvjevm Ges AbivI ZvK fvjevm| h ew wbR Abì fvjevm bv Ges
Contents
141
1
AbivI ZvK fvjevm bv Zvi ga Kvbv KjvY bB| nv`xmwU nvmvb|
nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv `LZ cvB h, mb LyjyK ev myì AvPiYi wZbwU w`K iqQ| c_gZ: K_v I AvPiYi
webgZv, cdzj wP, nvmvj gyL, mZ civqYZv, Kg K_v ejv I ewk keY Kiv| wZxqZ: Kvbv KviY vavw^Z
nj Mvwj MvjvR, Awfkvc I mxgvjNY eRb Kiv| ZZxqZ: gv Kiv, weklZ cwZkva bqv ev cwZDi Ìqvi gZv
_vKj gv Ki Ìqv| Gic AvPiYi AwaKvix wKqvgZi w`b ivm~jyjvn - Gi mePq bKUi ghv`vq mgvmxb neb|
Avi Gi wecixZ AvPiYi AwaKvix mePq `~ieZx Aevb _vKeb| Rvwei (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:
om
Zvgvì ga Avgvi mePq wcq I KqvgZi w`b Zvgvì ga Avgvi mePq wbKUeZx Aevb jvf Kie hvì
AvPiY mePq myì| Avi Zvgvì ga Avgvi KvQ mePq ewk Awcq Ges KqvgZi w`b Avgvi _K mePq `~i Aevb
Kie Zviv hviv ewk K_v ej, hvì K_vq ev AvPiY AnsKvi cKvwkZ nq Ges hviv K_vevZvq Abi cwZ Aev ev Af`Zv
cKvk Ki| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
2. 6. 9. bdj wmqvg I bdj `vb

Avgiv `LwQ h, mKj Bev`ZB g~jZ whK&i| Avjvni c_ AMmi nIqvi Rb dih Bev`Z cvjbi ci ewk ewk
bdj Bev`Z gywgbi cv_q| weklZ bdj wmqvg, bdj `vb, bdj Bj&g ARb BZvw` Bev`Z ewk ewk cvjbi Pv KiZ
ne| bdj wmqvg ev wmqvg gywgbi Rxeb AbZg Bev`Z| ivm~jyjv n I Zuvi mvnvexMY bdj wmqvg cvjbi welq LyeB
iZ Avivc KiZb| Zuviv wbqwgZ I AwbqwgZ bdj wmqvg cvjb KiZb| cwZ `yw`b ci GKw`b, ev GKw`b ci GKw`b,
ev cwZ mvn mvgevi I enwZevi, cwZ Aviex gvmi 13, 14 I 15 ZvwiL, cwZ gvmi c_g I kl wbqwgZ bdj wmqvg
cvjbi wekl Drmvn c`vb KiQb ivm~jyjv n | GQvov myhvMgZv hZ ewk me AwbqwgZ bdj wmqvg cvjb KiZb
wZwb|
bdj `vb, mv`Kv, mvnvh AZ iZc~Y Bev`Z| cZK gywgbi wbqwgZ I AwbqwgZ `vbi Afvm ivLv cqvRb|
gvbyli Afve wPib| gbi Afve _K KDB gy bq| gywgb me`v Pv Kieb cwZw`b, cwZ mvn, cwZ gvm wbqwgZ wKQy
wbavwiZ GwZg, weaev, Amnvq ev Afvex gvbylK mvnvh Kivi| GQvov me`v mvagZv `vb Kivi Pv KiZ ne| `vbi
cqvRbxqZv, iZ I mvIqve welq nv`xm AvjvPbv Kivi Rb c_K eB cqvRb| ivm~jyjvn gw`bvi AwacwZ wQjb|
Avjvni wbavwiZ weavb Abymvi wZwb hyj MbxgZ _K GK cgvsk cZb| cvIqvi m m wZwb Zv Afvex gvbylì ga
weZiY Ki w`Zb| AwaKvsk mvi AvMB Zuvi me m` wbtkl nq hZ| gvmi ci gvm Zuvi xMYi Ni ivbv Kivi
gZv wKQyB _vKZ bv| aygv 2/1 wU Kbv LRyi I cvwb LqB Zuvì gvmi ci gvm Pj hZ| mvnvevq Kivg me`v G
aibi eqi Rb AvMnx wQjb| G mKj NUbv wevwiZ ejZ Mj wekvj AvKvii eB wjLZ ne|
2. 7. Avjvni cg I Avjvni Rb cg
w
w
gnvb Avjvni bKU I ejvqvZ ARbi Rb mePq mnR I mevwaK mnvqK welq wZbwU: (1) gneZ ev cg I
(2) mynevZ ev mvnPh I (3) whKi| gneZ ev cg ejZ Avjvni cg, ivm~jjy v n ()-Gi cg Ges Avjvni Rb cg
eySvbv nq| mynevZ ev mvnPh A_ bKKvi gvbylì mnPi nIqv ev Zvì mv_ wKQz mgq KvUvbv| kli `yw U Bev`Z g~jZ
bdj chvqi; wK Zv dih I bdj chvqi Cgvb I ZvKIqv ARbi Rb AZ mnvqK| whKi welqK wevwiZ AvjvPbvi
c~e Avgiv cg I mvnPh welq wKQz AvjvPbv KiZ PvwQ| gnvb Avjvni KvQ ZvIdxK I KeywjqvZ cv_bv KiwQ|
2. 7. 1. Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () cg
Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j ()-K Ab mKj wKQz Ges wbRi Rxebi PqI ewk fvjevmv Avjvni wcqZg Bev`Z|
ivm~jjy vn ejb:

:

wZbwU welq hvi ga _vKe m Cgvbi ^v` Abyfe Kie, (1) Avjvn Ges Zuvi ivm~j Ab mKji Pq Zvi wbKU ewk
Contents

wcq neb, (2) KvDK fvjevmj ay Avjvni Rb fvjevme, Ab Kvbv KviY KvDK fvjevme bv Ges (3) Avjvni
`qvq Kzdi _K iv cvIqvi ci cybivq KzdixZ wdi hvIqvK Avb wbw nIqvi gZB AcQ` Kie|1
Ab nv`xm wZwb Aviv ejQb:
142
Zvgvì KD ZZY gywgb nZ cvie bv, hZY bv m AvgvK Zvi wcZv, mvb I mKj gvbyli Pq ekx
fvjevme|2
Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) ejb:
om
)
:

.

: .
(

.

:

w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
GK ew ivm~jjy vn ()-K wKqvgZ mK ck Ki ej: wKqvgZ KLb? wZwb ejb: Zzwg wKqvgZi Rb Kx
cZ KiQ? jvKwU ejb: wKQzB bq, Avwg wKqvgZi Rb AbK ewk (bdj) mvjvZ, wmqvg ev `vb-mv`Kv cZ KiZ
cvwiwb; wK Avwg AvjvnK Ges Zuvi ivm~j ()-K fvjevwm| wZwb ejb: Zzwg hvK fvjevm Zvi mv_B _vKe| Avbvm
(iv) ejb: Zzwg hvK fvjevm Zvi mv_B _vKe ivm~jyjv n ()-Gi G K_vq Avgiv hZ Lywk njvg Ggb Lywk Avi wKQzZ nB
wb| Avbvm ejb: Avwg ivm~jyjvn (), Ave~ evKi (iv) I Dgvi (iv)-K fvjevwm Ges Avwg Avkv Kwi h, Avwg Zvì gZ
Avgj KiZ bv cvijI ZvìK fvjevmvi KviY Avwg Zvì mv_B _vKe|3
Avgiv `LwQ h, Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~jK mewKQzi Ea fvjevmv ZvInx` I wimvjvZi Cgvbi AweQ` Ask| fvjevmv
ARbi AbZg Dcvq mvnPh, AvbyMZ I AbyKiY| mvnPh, AvbyMZ, AbymiY Ges fvjevmv GK Acii mv_ AweQ`fve
RvwoZ| fvjevmv AbymiY Dy Ki Ges AbymiY Aviv fvjevmv mw Ki| cKZ fvjevmv Qvov cKZ Bwevq mybvZ me bq|
Avevi h fvjevmv AbymiY Dy Ki bv Zv gwK|
cvVK, Avcwb hw` wbRK ivm~jyjv n -Gi AvwkK ev cwgK gb Kib, wK Zuvi nv`xm, mybvZ I mxivZ cvVi gvag
Zuvi mvnPh jvfi Pq Ab Kviv mvnPh ev Ab wKQzi AvjvPbv AwaK fvj jvM A_ev Zuvi mybvZi ewZg Kg KiZ Avcbvi
cP K nq bv wK Ab Kviv K_vi ewZg KiZ K jvM Ze Avcwb wbwZ _vKzb h, Avcbvi cgi `vwe wg_v| kqZvbi
cZviYv _K Avjvni Avkq cv_bv Kib Ges RxebK mybvZ beexi AbyKiY cwiPvwjZ Ki mwZKvi cgi ^v` jvf Kib|
ivm~jyjvn -Gi cKZ cg ARbi Ab GKwU iZc~Y Kg me`v ewkewk ì`-mvjvg cvV Kiv| gywgbi DwPZ G
welq iZ c`vb Kiv|
2. 7. 2. Avjvni Rb cg
Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j ()-Gi fvjevmvi AweQ` cKvk hviv AvjvnK gve~` Ges gynvv` ()-K ivm~j wnme wekvmi
^xKwZ w`qQb Zvì mKjK fvjevmv| hvi ga Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () AvbyMZ I mybv Zi AbymiY hZ ewk Zvi cwZ
gywgbi cgI ZZ ewk| `j, gZ, cvIbv, `bv, fvj eenvi ev Lvivc eenvii KviY Zv evo bv ev Kg bv| eis `xbi nvmewi
KviY Zv evo-Kg| gnvb Avjvn ejb:
gywgbMY cii fvB wfb wKQzB bq|

GLvb gnvb Avjvn gymwjg bv ej gywgb ejQb| Dfq k mgv_K njI mvaviYZ Bmjvg ejZ evwnK Kg I
Cgvb ejZ Aii wekvm I wekvmi mv eySvbv nq| G_K Rvbv hvq h, hZY Kvbv ew Cgvbi mv w`Qb Ges
m`nvZxZ Kzdix-wkiK wj nQb bv ZZY wZwb Ab gywgbi `xbx fvB ej MY| KziAvb i mKi vZZi Pq
Cgvbx vZZ -K AwaK iZ c`vb Kiv nqQ|
KziAvb fvB kwUi eenvii evcKZv jYxq| nZvKvixK wbnZi cwiRbi fvB ejv nqQ|1 `ywU gywgb Mvxi
Contents
143
2
ga hy Pjv AevZI ZvìK fvB ej AvLvwqZ Kiv nqQ| A_vr gvbexq `yejZvi wkKvi nq GKRb gywgb
Ab gywgbK Lyb Ki djvi mvebv A^xKvi Kiv hvq bv| `yRb gywgbi cii hy wj nq covi mvebvI A^xKvi Kiv hvq
bv| wK G KviY Zvì KD Kvwdi nb bv ev wPikZ cwiYZ nb bv| Zvì hy Avcb `y fvBqi ga hyi gZ| hyi
cvkweKZvi gaI hgb `y mnvìi vZZ wgjb I ggZvi nvZQvwb `q, Zgwb `yRb gywgbi hy| fyj eySveywS, nvbvnvwb, Akvw
ev hy wgwUq djv Gic Aciva wj cq Ges gywgb mgvRi `xbx `vwqZ|
Dcii AvjvPbv _K my h, `jgZ wbwekl cZK gywgbK fvB wnme fvjevmv Ges Cgvbi `vwe`vi Kvbv
ewi cwZ kZv cvlY bv Kiv Cgvbi b~bZg `vwe| GwU Cgvbx fvjevmvi b~bZg chvq|
2. 7. 3. fvjevmvi gvcKvwV ivm~jjy v n ()

ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi AbyKiY-AbymiYB Avjvni Rb fvjevmvi gvcKvwV| G cm Bgvg eyLvix Zuvi mnxn M ejb:
(
)

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avjvni Rb fvjevmvi AvjvgZ: Avjvn ejb: Zvgiv hw` AvjvnK fvjevm Ze Avgvi AbymiY Ki; Zvnj Avjvn
ZvgvìK fvjevmeb| (m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 31)3
A_vr hvi ga Avjvni fvjevmv hZ ewk we`gvb ZvK ZZ ewk fvjevmv Cgvbi g~j `vwe| Avi Kvi ga Avjvni
fvjevmv KZ ewk Zvi mywbwZ gvcKvwV mybvZ beexi AbymiY-AbyKiY| whwb hZ ewk mybvZi Abymvix neb ZvK ZZ ewk
fvjevmv Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji cwZ Cgvbi b~bZg `vwe| Avi hw` Kvbv gywgb mybvZ beexi AvjvK Avjvni Bev`Z
Kib, wK Avgvi ivRbwZK ev agbwZK `j, bZv ev cxii AbymiY ev gneZ bv Kivi KviY Zuvi Bwevq mybvZi
AcevLv ev Aeg~jvqb Kwi Ze Zv Avgvi Cgvbi Aeq cgvY Ki|
2. 7. 4. Avjvni Rb fvjevmv-B Cgvb
Beb Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejb:
Cgvbi my`pZg iwk gnvb Avjvni Rb ezZ-bKU, Avjvni Rb kZv, Avjvni Rb fvjevmv Ges Avjvni Rb
AcQ`-wel|4
Ab nv`xm Ave~ Dgvgv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejb:
w
w
.a
ss
h ew Avjvni Rb fvjevmj, Avjvni Rb AcQ` Kij, Avjvni Rb c`vb Kij Ges Avjvni Rb Ìqv _K
weiZ _vKj m CgvbK cwic~Y Kij| nv`xmwU mnxn|5
Gfve wewfb nv`xm ejv nqQ h, Cgvbi c~ek Z gywgbì cviwiK fvjevmv Ges Gic fvjevmvi MfxiZvB Cgvbi
c~YZ
v cgvY Ki| Avgiv Aviv `LwQ h, cQì mv_ AcQ` I fvjevmvi mv_ kZv AweQ`fve RwoZ| Cgvb I bK
AvgjK fvjevmZ ne Ges Kzdi I cvcvPviK NYv KiZ ne| KvwdiK Awewgk (absolute) AcQ` KiZ ne Ges hvi ga
evwnK Cgvb I ZvKIqvi c~YZv `Lv hvq ZvK Awewgk (absolute) fvjevmZ ne| hvi ga Cgvb I cvcPvi wgwkZ Zvi
cQ` I AcQ` wgwkZ ne| ZvK Cgvbi KviY AekB fvjevmZ ne; KviY b~bZg Avjvni cg _vKvi KviYB m Cgvb`vi
nZ ciQ| cvkvcvwk cvcvPii cwigvY Abymvi ZvK AcQ` KiZ ne|
`j-gZ mewKQzi Ea gywgbK Zuvi Cgvbi KviY fvjevmZ bv cvij Avgvì Cgvbi `vweB wg_v nq hvq| GwU LyeB
^vfvweK welq| `qi mePq iZcY~ welq me`v fvjevmvi gvcKvwV nq| Avgvi `j, bZv ev cxii AbymiYi `vwe`viK
fvjevmZ cvwi, wK Avgvi `j, bZv ev cxii weivax Cgvbi `vex`viK hw` fvjevmZ bv cvwi, Zvnj cgvY ne h, Avjvn I
Zuvi ivm~ji Pq Ab wKQz Avgvi `q AwaK g~jevb|
2. 7. 5. fvjevmvZ Cgvbi gRv
Avgiv Dcii nv`xm `LwQ h, Cgvbi ^v`MnYi Rb gvbylK ay Avjvni RbB fvjevmZ ne|| Ab nv`xm
ivm~jyjvn ejb:
Contents
144
hw` KD Cgvbi ^v` DcfvM KiZ Pvq Ze m hb KvDK fvjevmj GKgv Avjvni RbB fvjevm| nv`xmwU
nvmvb|1
2. 7. 6. A Avgj AwaK ghv`v

Cgvbx fvjevmvi viv gywgb A Avgj KiI AbK ewk AvgjKvix bKKvi ev`vì mgvb ghv`v jvf Kib| Beby
gvmE` (iv) ejb:

.
:
om
GK ew ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi wbKU Gm ej, n Avjvni ivm~j, GK ew wKQz gvbylK fvjevm, Ze Avgj Zvì
mgvb nZ cvi wb, Zvi Aev Kgb ne? ivm~jyjvn () ejb: gvbyl hvK fvjemQ Zvi mv_B Zvi Aevb|2
Ave~ hvi wMdvix (iv) ejb, wZwb ivm~jyjvn - K ejb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
n Avjvni ivm~j, GK ew wKQz gvbylK fvjevm, Ze m Zvì gZ Avgj KiZ cvi bv? ivm~jyjvn () ejb,
Ave~ hvi, Zzwg hvK fvjevm Zvi mv_B Zvgvi Aevb| Ave~ hvi (iv) ejb: Avwg Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j ()-K fvjevwm|
wZwb ejb: hvK fvjevm Zzwg ZviB mv_| Ave~ hvi (iv) Zuvi K_vi cybivew Kib Ges ivm~jjy vn ()-I cybivq GKB
Di `b| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
2. 7. 7. Avjvni cg I Qvqv jvf
Cgvbx cgi AbZg cyivi Avjvni cg jvf Ges wKqvgZ Zuvi Ìqv Qvqv jvf| ivm~jyjv n ejb, wKqvgZ wèm
Avjvn ejeb:
hviv Avgvi ghv`vq GK AciK fvjevmZ Zviv Kv_vq? AvR Avwg ZvìK Qvqv c`vb Kie, h wèm Avgvi
Ìqv Qvqv Qvov Ab Kvbv Qvqv bB|4
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn () ejb:
ss
.a
`y ew hLb GK AciK ay Avjvni RbB fvjevm ZLb Zvì ga h AciK ewk fvjevm mB Avjvni
AwaK wcq|5
Ave~ `vi`v (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejb:
w
w
h Kvbv `y ew hLb GKRb AciRbK Zvi AbycwwZZ Kejgv Avjvni Rb fvjevm ZLb Zvì ga h
ew Aci ewK ewk fvjevme Dfqi ga m-B Avjvni AwaK wcq|6
Ab nv`xm Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn () ejb: GK ew Ab GK Mvg Zvi GK fvBqi mv_ mvvZi
Rb Mgb Kib| ZLb gnvb Avjvn Zvi ivvi gv_vq GK wdwikZvK wbqvwRZ ivLb| hLb D ew D wdwikZvi
wbKUeZx nb ZLb wdwikZv ejb: Avcwb Kv_vq hvQb? D ew ejb: G Mvg Avgvi GK fvB AvQb Zvi wbKU hvwQ|
wdwikZv ejb: Zvi KvQ wK Avcbvi Kvbv bqvgZ ev myweav iqQ hv Avcwb msiY KiZ Pvb? wZwb ejb: bv| Ze
Avwg ZvK gnvb Avjvni Rb fvjevwm| ZLb wdwikZv ejb:
Contents
145
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avwg Avjvni c _K Avcbvi KvQ cwiZ nqwQ G K_v RvbvZ h, Avcwb hfve ZvK Avjvni Rb fvjevmb
AvjvnI AvcbvK mfve fvjevmb|1
2. 7. 8. Cgvbx cgi Aivq
Gfve Avgiv `LwQ h, Avjvni Rb fvjevmv AZ iZcY~ Bev`Z I Avjvni ejvqvZ ARbi Rb AZ
mnvqK| Ze G iZc~Y Bev`Z cvjbi Avgiv AbK mgq wewfb fyj wj nB: (1) Avjvni Rb fvjevmvi
Avjvni ivm~j () Qvov Ab KvDK gvb` aiv, (2) wbRi ev Ab Kviv BRwZnv`x gZK KziAvb-mybvni mywbwZ wb`kbvi
Dci vb Ìqv, (3) wbRi cewK Z KiZ wewfb AcevLv w`q QvU cvcK eo, eo cvcK QvU, QvU bK AvgjK
eo ev eo AvgjK QvU evbvbv Ges (4) Kvwdi welqK AvqvZ I nv`xmK gywgbMYi cqvM Kiv|
eZgvb gymwjg Dvn AMwYZ agxq `j-Dc`j wef| Avgiv cZK wbRi `j, gZ, gyiex, eyRyM, AvKvwei, Bgvg,
Avgxi ev kvBLK Avjvni Rb fvjevmvi gvb` wnme MnY KiwQ| g~jZ Avgiv GLb Avi Avjvni Rb fvjevwm bv; eis
cZK wbR gZ ev eyRy Mi Rb fvjevmb| cZK wbRi `ji gywgbK Avjvni Rb fvjevmb ev `xbx fvB ej MY Kib|
A_vr wZwb wbRi `jKB `xb ej wekvm KiQb| cZK wfbgZi AwaK gyvKxi Pq wbR gZi Kg gyvKxK AwaK
fvjevmQb| ay ZvB bq, wbR gZi cKvk dvwmKK fvjevmQb wK Ab gZi gyvKx I mybv Z AbymvixK `jxq ev BRwZnv`x
gZfì KviY k ej MY KiQb| KziAvb I nv`xm Kvwdi`K k fvevi, NYv Kivi ev Zvì mv_ ezZ bv Kivi h mKj
AvqvZ I nv`xm iqQ mjvK Avgiv Ab `ji ev gZi gywgbì cqvM KiwQ| gywgbi Cgvb, ZvKIqv, mybvZi
AbymiY BZvw` mKj bK AvgjK wKQz gZfì KviY evwZj Ki ZvK Kvwdi ejwQ ev Kvwdii KvZvi dj w`wQ|
Gfve Avgiv Avjvni Iqv fvjevmv I Avjvni Rb NYv Kivi bvg `xbK `j `j wef Kivi, gywgbi mv_
kZvi Ges gywgbi Cgvb I bK AvgjK NYv Kivi KwVb cvc wj nwQ| Avjvn ejb:
w
w
.a
ss
hviv `xb m^ bvbv gZi mw KiQ Ges wewfb `j wef nqQ Zvì Kvbv `vwqZ Zvgvi bq|2
G fqi cvc _K iv cZ gywgbi `vwqZ `jgZ wbwekl mKj gywgbK fvjevmv| BRwZnv`x gZfì wbRi
gZK mwVK gb Kivi AwaKvi mKjiB AvQ| Ze BRwZnv`x welq wbRi cQ`bxq gZK KziAvb-nv`xmi gZf`nxb
wb`kbvjvi Dci vb Ìqv hve bv| hviv gZf`nxb wb`kbvjv cvjb KiQb ZvìK BRwZnv`x gZfì KviY NYv
Kiv hve bv KLbvB BRwZnv`x gZf`K NYv ev fvjevmvi wfw evbvbv hve bv| eis wbR gZ I wfb gZ Dfq Cgvb I
ZvKIqvi wfwZ fvjevmZ ne| G wbgi welqjv jYxq:
(1) Avjvni Rb fvjevmv GKvB gywgbi wbRi Avgj| Gviv gywgb wbR jvfevb nb, mvIqve cvb Ges gywgbi
`q Avjvni gneZ I ejvqvZ ew cvq| hvK fvjevmv njv wZwb cKZ
B fvjevmvi Dchy wKbv, wZwb cKZB Avjvni
wbKU gvKe~j wKbv Zv iZc~Y welq bq|
(2) Avjvni Rb fvjevmvi b~bZg chvq cKvk wkiK- Kzdi wj bq Gic mKj gywgbK Cgvbi KviY fvjevmv|
Zvì cvci cwZ NYv-mn Zvì Cgvbi g~jvqb KiZ ne| hviv KziAvb-mybvn wb`wkZ my Kexiv Mvbvn wj cvci
KviY Zvì mvnPh, Zvì mv_ mvgvwRK I AvwiK mymK cwiZvM KiZ ne| Ze ZvìK Agymwjgì gZ k gb
Kivi ceYZv cwiZvM KiZ ne| Zvì Rb `yAv KiZ ne Ges Zvì mskvabi Rb Pv KiZ ne|
(3) Avjvni Rb fvjevmvi mvaviY chvq `jgZ wbwekl bK Avgj I mybvZ AbymiY mP mKj gywgb I AvwjgK
weklfve fvjevmZ ne| Zvì Kvbv gZ ev Kg fyj ev cvc ej gb nj Zvì n`vqvZ I ZvIdxKi Rb `yAv KiZ
ne| G mKj fyji KviY Zvì Cgvb I bK AvgjK A^xKvi Kivi A_ wbRi BRwZnv`x gZK KziAvb I nv`xmi
mywbwZ eei Pq AwaK kwkvjx ej gb Kiv| GZ Cgvb wZM nq| Gic gvbwmKZv cwinvi KiZ ne|
(4) BZvc~e Avgiv wZbwU welq RbwQ: (K) Avjvni IjxMY-Gi Rb `ywU kZ: Cgvb I ZvKIqv| `ywUB g~jZ
Aii welq, evBi _K wbwZ nIqv hvq bv; Ze Kg I AvPiYi ga Cgvb I ZvKIqvi AvjvgZ `Lv hvq| (L) Avjvni
Kvbv Ijxi mv_ kZv Kiv fqi cvc I Avjvni mv_ hy NvlYv| (M) dih cvjbi cvkvcvwk bdj cvjbi gvag
Avjvni ejvqvZ ARb nq|
G welqjvKB Avjvni Rb fvjevmvi gvb` ivLZ ne| h ewi Avgj I AvPiY Cgvb I ZvKIqvi
AvjvgZ cvIqv hvq Ges whwb dihjv cvjb Kib Ges bdj cvjbi gvag Avjvni bKUi Pv Kib ZvKB Avjvni
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
146
Rb fvjevmZ ne| Gic Kvbv ewi cwZ mvgvwRK, ivRbwZK ev agxq Kvbv gZweivai KviY `q
kZv-wel cvlY Kiv, Zvi Agj Kvgbv Kiv, Zvi mv_ Akvfb AvPiY Kiv ev Zvi Kzrmv iUbv Kivi A_ Avjvni Kvbv
Ijxi mv_ kZv Kiv| RvMwZK cqvRb wbRi n Av`vqi Rb Gic ewi mv_ weivwaZv Kiv LyeB ^vfvweK|
gZweivai Zvi gZi mgvjvPbv KivI LyeB ^vfvweK| wK Gic weivwaZvi KviY Zvi cwZ kZv ev wel cvlY,
Kzrmv iUbv ev Akvfb AvPiY Kiv ea bq| GZ Avjvni mv_ hy Kivi gZ fqi cwiYwZ nZ cvi|
(5) Avjvni Rb fvjevmvi mevP chvq, h mKj Avwe` I AvwjgK Cgvb, ZvKIqv I mybv Z AbymiY wekl
AMMY ej gb nq mKj `jxq, gvhnvex I BRwZnv`x gZcv_Ki Ea ZvìK weklfve fvjevmZ ne| gvS gvS
GKvB Avjvni Rb Zvì mv_ mvvr Ki mvjvg I fQv wewbgq KiZ ne| me nj gvS gvS Gic bKKvi
gvbylì mv_ wKQz mgq gvRwjm AvwLivZi AvjvPbvq KvUvZ ne| MxeZ, bvgxgv, Anvi, wnsmv I mKj cvcg~jK
AvjvPbv _K gy _K Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () gneZ, ZvKIqv, ZvIev I AvwLivZgywLZv ewg~jK AvjvPbvq mgq
KvUvZ ne|
(6) KvQ ev `~i, `k ev weki Kv_vI Kvbv Avwjg ev `vqxi cwiPq Rvbj BRwZnv`x gZ I Abvb welqi
Abyf~wZ `q _K `~i Ki Zuvi `xb`vix I Avjvni `xbi cwZ Zvi fvjevmv I KgKvK eo Ki `L ZvK Avjvni Rb
fvjevmyb| fvjevmvi Abyf~wZ `q RvMZ Kib Ges Zvi Rb `yAv Kib| me nj ZvK fvjevmvi K_v Rvbvb| KD
Avjvni Iqv fvjevmvi K_v ejj Zvi Rb `yAv Kib|
(7) ezZ I kZv mvaviYfve AveMwbfi| Avjvni Rb fvjevmv I kZvi I Zv gv^q AveM cwiYZ nq|
Ze gywgbi DwPZ AveMK mvagZ wbqY Ki Cgvbx w`KwUK gbi ga RvMiK Kiv| hvK fvjevme Zvi Cgvb I ZvKIqvi
KgwZ ev ew nj hgb Avwg mPZbfve fvjevmv Kwgq ev evwoq Cgvbx fvjevmvi mvIqve cZ cvwi| Abyicfve hvK AvswkK
ev c~Y AcQ` Kie Zvi ga Cgvb I ZvKIqvi AvjvgZ cj ZvK fvjevmZ ne| Gfve fvjevmv I NYvi ga mPZb Cgvbx
Aev we`gvb _vKe| mvgwMKfve mKj AveMi AvwZkh eRbi welq ivm~jyjv n ejb:
ss
Zvgvi ezK ev cQ`bxq ewK Zzwg mnRfve fvjevm; nZ cvi GKw`b m AcQ`bxq ewZ cwiYZ ne|
Avi Zvgvi AcQì ewi cwZ wel Zzwg mnR nI; nZ cvi m GKw`b Zvgvi ez I cQ`bxq nq he| nv`xmwU
mnxn|1
(8) KvDK Avjvni Rb fvjevmZ cvij Zvi mv_ mvvr Ki Zv Rvbvbv Ges KD Gic Cgvbx fvjevmvi K_v
Rvbvj AvnvevKjv... Avjvn AvcbvK fvjevmyb.. ej Zvi Rb `yAv Kiv mybvZ| wgK`vg Beby gv`xKvwie (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn () ejb:
( )
w
w
.a
hw` Zvgvì KD Zvi fvBK fvjevm Ze m hb ZvK Zv Rvbvq, h m ZvK fvjevm| nv`xmwU mnxn| 2
Ab nv`xm Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) ejb: GKew ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi wbKU wQjb| GgZvevq Ab GK ew
mLvb w`q Mgb Kib| ZLb wZwb ejb, n Avjvni ivm~j, Avwg G (MgbiZ) jvKwUK fvjevwm| wZwb ejb: Zzwg wK
ZvK Zv RvwbqQ? jvKwU ej: bv| wZwb ejb: Zzwg ZvK Zv RvbvI| ZLb jvKwU MgbiZ jvKwUi KvQ hvq Ges ej:
Avwg AvcbvK Avjvni Rb fvjevwm| ZLb wZwb ejb:
( ) )(

Avjvn AvcbvK fvjevmyb, hvi Rb Avcwb AvgvK fvjemQb| nv`xmwU nvmvb|3

mywcq cvVK, c_g h K_vwU ejwQ m K_vB Avevi kl ejwQ| AvcbvK gb ivLZ ne h, Avjvni Rb
fvjevmv GKvB Avcbvi Bev`Z| G Bev`Zi Dk wbRi AvwgZ, eoZ, wbRi gZ, BRwZnv` mewKQzK QvU Ki
Avjvni gnZ I ghv`vK `qi ga Mfxi _K MfxiZi Kiv| G Bev`Zi GKgv Dk gnvb AvjvnK Lywk Kiv| hvK
Avjvni Rb fvjevmQb ZvK cKZB gvKe~j nZ ne Ggb bq| g~j Kg Avjvni Rb fvjevmv| D ewi ga
Avjvni AvbyMZ, ZvKIqv I Bwevq mybvZi cKvk `L Avcwb ZvK fvjemQb| GZB Avcwb KvwLZ djvdj jvf
KiQb| D fvjevwmZ ew cKZc Avjvni wbKU wKic Zv ZZ iZc~Y bq| evwnK Avgj I ZvKIqvi wfwZ
Contents
147
fvjevmvi nvmew ne|

weki nvdx bvg cwm weki Bebyj nvwim Beby Avyi ivngvb evM`v`x (152-227) ZZxq wnRix kZKi mycw m
gynvwm| wZwb Zuvi Bev`Z I AvwLivZgywLZvi Rb LyeB cwm wQjb| AbK gvbylB ZuvK fvjevmZb Ges Zuvi mvnPh MnY
KiZb| wZwb ejZb:
GKew Ab ewi ga bwK I KjvY AvQ Kbv Ki ZvK fvjevm| h fvjevm m nqZ bvRvZ cq hve|
wK hvK fvjevmv njv Zvi Kx cwiYwZ ne Zv m wbRB Rvb bv|1
2. 8. mvnPh I ezZ
gvbyl cKwZMZfve `yej| Pvwicvki gvbyljvB g~jZ Zvi gvbwmKZv I AveM wbqY I cwiPvjbv Ki| GRb mnPi I
ez wbevPb mZKZv g~jZ Cgvb msiY I ewi mZKZv| ivm~jyjvn ejb:
om
Zzwg gywgb Qvov Avi Kviv mv_ wgke bv Ges Zvgvi Lv` gyvKx ew Qvov KD hb bv Lvq| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
Ab nv`xm Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
ezi agB gvbyli ag; KvRB Zvgvì KD Kviv mv_ ezZ Kij m hb `Lb weePbv Ki Zv Ki|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|3
Ave~ g~mv AvkAvix (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb:

(
)

.a
ss
mr mnPi I Amr mnPi D`vniY AvZi weZv I KgKvii nvci| AvZi weZv ZvgvK AvZi wè, A_ev Zzwg
AvZi q Kie, A_ev Zvi KvQ Zzwg myì M cve| Avi nvcii duyK`vZv Zvgvi kixi A_ev cvkvK Avb jvMve A_ev
Zzwg `yM cve|4
cwievi, mgvR I Kg Avgiv mvaviYZ hvPvB KiZ cvwi bv| fvj I g` mKji mv_B Avgvì mK ivLZ nq|
Ze ezZ I mvnPhi AvgvìK AekB mZK nZ ne| wkiK, weÀvZ, Kzdi I cvcvPvi wj Kvbv gvbyli mv_ ezZ
mZKZvi mv_ eRb KiZ ne| Gic gvbylì mv_ GKv cqvRb Qvov GK Aevb I Avv eRb KiZ ne| KviY GZ
wbRi Cgvb wZM nq Ges cvci welev gywgbi `q cek Ki| h gywgb wbR cvc wj ZviI `vwqZ Ab cvcxì mv_
ezZi mK bv ivLv| GZ wZwb Abvb cvc wj nIqv _K iv cveb Ges wbRi cvc _K ZvIev Kiv Zvi Rb mnR ne|
w
w
cvcxì mvnPh I ezZ eRb Kivi cvkvcvwk bKKvi gvbylì mv_ ezZ Ges mvnPhi mK Mo Zvjv LyeB Riix|
G wbgi welqjv j ivLv DwPr:
(K) mvnPh Pvi chvqi: (1) Avjvni mvnPh, (2) ivm~jjy v n ()-Gi mvnPh, (3) mvnvexMYi mvnPh I (4) bKKvi
gvbylì mvnPh|
(L) gnvb Avjvn ejQb: wZwb Zvgvì mv_ Zvgiv hLvbB _vK bv Kb (nv`x`: 4), Avjvn gywgbì mv_
(Avbdvj: 19), Avjvn gyvKxì mv_ (evKviv: 194, ZvIev 36, 123), hviv ZvKIqv Aej^b Ki Ges hviv bKKgkxj
Avjvn Zvì mv_ (bvnj: 28), Avjvn ahkxjì mv_ (evKviv: 153, Avbdvj: 46)| ivm~jyjv n () ejQb: Bnmvb
(m`h, c~YZv ev BLjvm) GB h, Zzwg Ggbfve Avjvni Bev`Z Kie hb Zzwg ZuvK `LQ; KviY Zzwg ZvuK bv `LjI
wZwb ZvgvK `LQb|5 gnvb Avjvni G mvnPh me`v Abyfei MfxiZv-B Avjvni bKU ev ejvqvZi MfxiZv| Avjvni
Av`k-wbla cvjb I mvewYK whKi-Gi gvag G Cgvb Mfxi nq| GfveB gywgb Bnmvb ev m`h, c~YZv I BLjvmi
P~ovq cuQvb|
Contents
148
(M) ivm~jyjvn -Gi mvnPh jvfi Rb Avgvì GKgv Dcvq Zuvi nv`xm, mxivZ I kvgvBj Aaqb,
AvjvPbv, Zuvi cwZ ì`-mvjvg cvV h_vme ewk mgq KvUvbv Ges Rxebi cwZwU Zuvi mybvZ Rvbv I gvbvi Rb mP
_vKv| mvnvexMYi mvnPh jvfi Rb Avgvì mnxn mb`wbfi mvnvexMYi Rxebx Aaqb I AvjvPbv Kiv ìKvi|
(N) Dcii wZb cKvi mvnPh GKw`K mnR; KviY Ab Kvbv gvbyli mnhvwMZv QvovB gywgb Bev`Z-e`wM,
whKi, `yAv, KziAvb, Zvdmxi, nv`xm, mxivZ, mvnvexPwiZ BZvw` eBc wKb I co G mvnPh jvf KiZ cvib| cvkvcvwk
Gic mvnPh jvf Kiv KwVb; KviY gvbexq `yejZvi KviY GKvKx G mKj Bev`Z Kiv KwVb I KvwKi gb nq| mvaviYZ
gywgb AZ AvMn nvwiq djb| bKKvi gvbylì Avjvn Rb fvjevmv Ges Zvì mvnPh wKQz mgq KvUvbv Dcii mKj
cKvii mvnPh mnR I Mfxi Ki|
om
(O) cZK gywgbi `vwqZ wbRi Pvwicvk GKwU Cgvbx cwigj Zwi Kiv| Avjvni Rb fvjevmv I ezZ wbq cii
mvvr Kiv, wKQz mgq GK KvUvbv, `xbx AvjvPbv ev Avjvni whKi wKQz mgq iZ _vKv gywgbi Rb LyeB cqvRbxq| GZ Cgvb
DxweZ nq, gb AvwLivZgywL nq, cvci Rb gv PvIqvi AveM Zwi nq Ges Bjg ew cvq| GRb nv`xm kixd Gic mvvr,
mvnPh I gvRwjmi wekl Drmvn Ìqv nqQ|
gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejb, Avjvn ejb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
hviv Avgvi RbB GK AciK fvjevm, Avgvi RbB GK Acii mv_ mvvr Ki, Avgvi RbB GK Acii
Rb LiP Ki Ges Avgvi RbB GK Acii mv_ eVK ev gvRwjm Ki Zvì Rb Avgvi gneZ IqvwRe nq hvq|
nv`xmwU mnxn|1
Ave~ `vi`v (iv) I Abvb mvnvex _K ewYZ, ivm~jyjv n () ejb:
) ( )

(
) ( ) (
)
(

)

( )

(

)

(

w
w
.a
ss
gnvb Avjvn wKqvgZi w`b Ggb wKQz gvbylK DwZ Kieb hvì gyLgjjv ne RvwZgq Ges Zviv gwbgyvi
(b~ii) wgîi Dci Aevb Kieb| gnvb Avjvni mv_ Zvì bKU I Zvì ghv`vi KviY gvbyliv Zvì Clv Kieb
(bexMY I knx`MYI Zvì Clv Kieb), Ze Zviv bex bb, knxÌ bb (wmxKI bb)| ZLb GKRb e`yCb nvUz Mo em
ejb, n Avjvni ivm~j, Avgvì KvQ Zvì weeiY cKvk Kib hb Avgiv ZvìK wPbZ cvwi| wZwb ejb: Zviv wewfb
Mv-Mvx I wewfb `ki gvbyl, Zviv GK AciK ay gnvb Avjvni Rb (gnvb Avjvni ghv`vq) fvjevmb (i, esk ev
RvMwZK mK Zvì GKwZ Ki bv), Zviv Avjvni whKii Rb GKwZ nb, Avjvni whKi Kib| GRb Zviv cwe-myì
K_vjv evQvB Kib, hgb LRyi fYKvix fvjfvj LRyi eQ bb|2
G nv`xmwUi mgv_K AbKjv nv`xm wewfb mnxn I nvmvb mb` Avgi Beby Av^vmv (iv), Avyjvn Beby Avevm
(iv), Ave~ ivBiv (iv), Dgvi Bebyj Lvve (iv), Ave~ gvwjK AvkAvix (iv) cgyL mvnvex _K ewYZ Ges mybvb wZiwghx, mybvb
Avex `vD`, mybvb Beb gvRvn, mybvb bvmvqx, gymbv` Avng`, gym&ZvìvK nvwKg I Abvb cwm M msKwjZ| Gfve G
nv`xmwU A_MZfve cvq gyZvIqvwZi chvqi|3
mvwbZ cvVK, Avgvì cZKiB `vwqZ Cgvb I ZvKIqvi msiY Ges Avjvni ejvqvZ ARbi Rb wbRì
mxgveZvi ga Gic GKwU Cgvbx cwigj Zwi Kiv| mevM wbRi cwievii ga Gic cwiek Zwi Kiv cqvRb|
^vgx-x, wcZvgvZ I mvbMY GK wKQz mgq KziAvb-nv`xm cvV I A_vjvPbv, Bmjvgx eB cov, Abyvb `Lv A_ev evwoZ
Kvbv bKKvi AvwjgK Gb cwievii wKQz mgq `xbx AvjvPbvq KvUvbvi ìKvi| GZ Cgvb, ZvKIqv I ejvqvZ ew
QvovI cvwievwiK fvjevmv, mnv` I Avb` ew cve|
wZxq chvq wbR GjvKvi bKKvi wKQz gvbyli mv_ `wbK A_ev AZ mvvwnK wKQz mgq Gic gvRwjm Kivi Pv
Contents
149
Kib| `j, gZ ev mvgvwRK Aevi w`K j bv w`q ay ZvKIqvi Aevi w`K j w`q gvRwjmi mv_x wbevPb
Kib| ZZxq chvq KvQi ev `~ii wKQz bKKvi Avwjgì mvnPh mvn, gvm ev AwbqwgZfve wKQz mgq KvUvbvi Pv Kib|
mKj chvqi mvnPh I gvRwjm cwievii m`mì AskMnY wbwZ Kivi welq mP _vKzb| whKii gvRwjm welqK wevwiZ
AvjvPbv Avgiv G eBqi kl Aavq `Le, Bbkv Avjvn|
2. 9. fvjevmv, mvnPh I cxi-gywi`x
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
mvwbZ cvVK, Avjvni Rb fvjevmv, mvnPh I gvRwjmi Bev`Z cvjbi RbB cxigywi`x eevi De nq| cxigywi`x welqK mybv Z, Ljvd mybvZ, weÀvZ I wkiK-Kzdi welqvw` Avwg Abvb M AvjvPbv KiwQ| GnBqvDm mybvb
M1, dzidzivi cxi Ave~ Rvdi wmwKx iwPZ Avj-gvDh~AvZ Mi chvjvPbvq2, KziAvb-mybvni AvjvK Bmjvgx AvKx`v
M3 Ges nv`xmi bvg RvwjqvwZ M AvDwjqv wKivg I ejvqvZ welqK Rvj nv`xm cm G mKj welq AvjvPbv
KiwQ| gynZvivg gvIjvbv gynvv` Avyj gvjK-Gi ZvmvDd (cxi-gyixw`) Z I weklY MwUZ G mKj welq wevwiZ
AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ| cvVKK Mjv coZ mwebq Abyiva KiwQ| GLvb AwZ-msc wbgi welqjvi cwZ cvVKi
`w AvKlY KiwQ:
c_g welq: mvnvex, Zvweqx, Zvwe-ZvweqxMYi hyM wbw` GK ewK cxi ev kvBL wnme MnY Kivi Kvbv cPjb wQj
bv| Zuviv mKj bKKvi gvbylK Avjvni Rb fvjevmZb, wKQz gvbylK weklfve fvjevmZb Ges Zuvì mvnPh MnY KiZ
me`v Pv KiZb| wK KLbvB GKRbK wbw` KiZb bv| mvnPh MnYi bvg evBqvZ MnY Kivi Kvbvic cPjb Zvì
ga wQj bv| Zviv Db
y mvnPh MnY KiZb| Ave~ byAvBg Bmcvnvbxi wnjBqvZzj AvIwjqv I 4_ kZKi ZvmvDd welqK Abvb
M Dgvi Beb Avyj Avhxh, nvmvb emix, Beb wmixb, mydBqvb mvIix, Avyjv n Bebyj gyevivK, Beivnxg Bebyj Av`nvg, weki
Avj-nvdx, hybyb wgmix, nvwim gynvwmex, RybvB` evM`v`x I m~dx wnme cwm Abvbì Rxebx Aaqb KijB cvVK Zv eySZ
cvieb| 4_-5g wnRix kZK _K GKRb wbw` bKKvi gvbyli mvnPvh MnYi ceYZv evoZ _vK| Ze ZLbI evBqvZ
cwZ wQj bv| Aviv KqK kZ ermi ci evBqvZi gvag cxi-gyixw` cwZi cPjb nq|
wZxq welq: Dcii eBjv _K cvVK RvbZ cvieb h, gyRvw` Avjd mvbx, kvn IqvwjDjvn `njex, mvBq`
Avng` ejex-mn fviZi I weki cwm m~dx AvwjgMY GKgZ h, cxii gywi` nIqv Bev`Z bq; DcKiY gv| Cgvb I
ZvKIqv ARbi gvag ejvqvZ jvfi Rb GwU mnvqK DcKiY| gywgbi ejvqvZ wbfi Kie Zvi Cgvb I ZvKIqvi
MfxiZvi Dci, gyix` nIqvi Dci bq| gyix` nq ev bv nq, wbw` GKRbi mvnPvh wbq ev wewfb gvbyli mvnPvh wbq
gywgb ejvqvZ ARb KiZ cvib|
welqwU AbKUv gv`vmvq fwZ nIqvi gZB| gv`vmvq fwZ nIqv Kvbv Bev`Z bq; Bjg wkv Kiv Bev`Z| gv`vmvq
fwZ bv nq wewfb Avwjgi gRwjm hq, evwoZ eBc co ev Ab h Kvbv cwZZ Bjg wkv KijI gywgb GKBic
mvIqve jvf Kieb| Ze gv`vmvq fwZ nIqvK Bev`Z ev Bev`Zi Ask gb Kij Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ ne| A_vr KD
hw` gb Kib h, Bjg wkv Kwi ev bv Kwi gv`vmvq fwZ njB Bev`Z cvjb nq Mj, A_ev gv`vmvq fwZ bv nq wewfb
Avwjgi evwoZ ev ìm hq ev Abfve hZB Bjg ARb KiK Bjg wkvi Bev`Z GZ cvwjZ ne bv Ze wZwb weÀvZ
wj|
ZZxq welq: ivn ejvqvZ iPbv Kiv nqQ gnvb Avjvni ejvqvZ ARbi Rb ivm~jjy vn I mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi
mybv Z cwZ AvjvPbv Kivi Dk| mybvZi ewZg Kvbv Kg ev cwZi mg_b ev Lb Avgvì Dk bq| Cgvbx mvnPhi
Rb GK ewK wbw` Kiv mybvZi AvjvK wbwl ev AvcwKi bq| bKKvi gvbyli Afve, Avvi msKU BZvw` KviY gywgb
Gic wbaviY eva nZ cvib| Ze mvnvex, Zvweqx I Zvwe-ZvweqxMYi e AbyKiY mvagZ GKvwaK bKKvi gvbylK Avjvni
Rb fvjevmv I Zuvì mvnPh MnY ejvqvZi c_ AwaK mnvqK| GK ewK wbw` Kij mvnPhi mKj eiKZ jvfi
cvkvcvwk fvjevmv AwZfwZ icvwiZ nIqvi Avkv _vK| GQvov h Kvbv bKKvi gvbyli gaB wKQz fyjvw I `yejZv
_vK| wbw` GK ewi mvnPh MnY Kij G mKj fyjvw I `yej Zv Abymvixi gaI cek Ki|
cvi GKvwaK bKKvi gvbyli mvnPh MnY Kivi ga AwZwi KqKwU KjvY we`gvb| hgb: mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi
mybv Zi e AbymiY, AwZfwi ceYZv iva Ges GKvwaK bKKvii mvnPvhi gvag ewMZ fyjvw I `yejZvjv _K gy
nIqv| cvkvcvwk G gywgbi `q wbw` ewi Pq Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j ()-Gi gneZ AwaK _vK| KviY G gywgb
Abyfe Kib h, wZwb Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j Gi Rb wewfb gvbyli mvnPh MnY KiQb| wZwb Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji gyix` Ges
Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~jB Zvi Dk ev gyiv`| bKKvi gvbylMY Zvi mv_x, mnPi I Dv`; Zuviv KD Zuvi gyiv` ev Dk bb|
Contents
150
2. 10. fvjevmv, wkv I `yAvi Rb mvvr

Avgiv AbK mgq wbRì mgmv ev Amyweavi Rb Kvbv cxi, eyRMy ev Avwjgi KvQ Mgb Kwi| Gic Mgb, mvvr I
`yAv PvIqv wbwl bq| mvnvexMY ivm~jjy v n -Gi KvQ `yAv PvBZb| ZveqxMYI mvnvexMYi KvQ gvSga `yAv PvBj Zuviv
`yAv KiZb| GK ew Avbvm (iv) -Gi KvQ Gm `yAv Pvq| wZwb ejb: Avjvv AvwZbv wd``ywbqv nvmvbvZvI Iqv wdj
AvwLivwZ nvmvbvn| (n Avjvn, Avcwb AvgvìK `ywbqvq KjvY Ges AvLivZ KjvY `vb Kib|) H ew evi evi `yAv PvBj
wZwb ay GZUzKzB ejb|1
Aciw`K Zuviv G welq evovevwo ev AwZfw wbla KiZb| AbK mgq AbK mvnvexi KvQ `yAv PvBj `yAv
KiZb bv, KviY GZ gvbyl `yAv PvIqvi ixwZ Zwi Ki be| GK ew Ljxdv Dgvi Bebyj Lvve (iv)-Gi KvQ wPwV wjL
`vqv Pvq| wZwb Di wjLb :
om
Avwg bex bB (h Zvgvì Rb `yAv Kie ev Avgvi `yAv Keyj neB), eis hLb bvgvh Kvqg Kiv ne (ev bvgvhi
BKvgZ Ìqv ne), ZLb Zzwg Zvgvi Mvbvni Rb Avjvni KvQ gv PvBe|2
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
mv` Beby Avex Iqvvm (iv) wmwiqvq Mj GK ew Zuvi KvQ Gm `yAv cv_bv Ki ejb: Avcwb `yAv Kib, hb
Avjvn Avgvi Mvbvn gv Kib| wZwb ejb: Avjvn ZvgvK gv Kib| Gici Ab GKRb Gm GKBfve `yAv Pvb| ZLb
wZwb ejb : Avjvn ZvgvK gv bv Kib, AvMi H ewKI gv bv Kib! Avwg wK bex? (h mevi Rb `yAv Kie ev
Avjvn Avgvi `yAv Keyj KiebB)|3
ivm~jjy vn I mvnvexMYi mybv Z mKj Aevq m`v me`v wbRi Rb wbR gnvb cfyi KvQ cv_bv Kiv| cvkvcvwk
wewfb Dcj GK Acii gvmb~b `yAvw` iqQ| ivm~jyjv n Qvov Ab Kviv KvQ `yAv PvIqv, mvnvex ev ZveqxMYi
ga ciii `yAv PvIqv, ev ZveqxMY KZK
mvnvexMYi wbKU `yAv PvIqvi NUbv LyeB Kg|4
Abi KvQ `yAv PvIqv cwiZvM Kij Kvbv Mvbvn ne bv| wK hw` KD wPv Ki h, AgyK ew `yAv KijB
Avjvn Keyj Kieb ev AgyK ewi `yAvB wec` Dvii KviY Zvnj m AwZfw ev wkiKi ga wbcwZZ nq hve| A_ev
eyRMMYi wbKU `yAv PvIqvi Rb hw` KD wbRi Rb wbR `yAv Kivi gvmb~b ixwZ cwiZvM Ki, Kvbv wec`, cvc ev
mgmvq cwZZ njB ò bKKvi gvbylì KvQ Pj hvq Ze m ay weÀvZB wj ne bv, Dci Adzi mvIqve I
gnvb cfyK AveMfi WvKvi ev cv_bv Kivi Akl mvIqve, eiKZ I AvwZK ckvw _K ewZ ne|
mePq iZcY~ welq, Kvbv GKwU nv`xm mvgvbZg DjL bB h, Kviv KvQ `yAv PvIqvi Rb Mgb Kij mvgvbZg
Kvbv mvIqve ev eiKZ jvf nq| cvi hw` KD Avjvni Rb fvjevmvq Dy nq `Lv Kiv ev mvjvg Ìqvi Rb Kvbv
Kviv KvQ Mgb Kib Ze wZwb Dcii nv`xmjvZ ewYZ Adzi mvIqve, eiKZ, Avjvni fvjevmv I AvwLivZ Qvqv jvfi
hvMZv ARb Kieb| Abyicfve hw` KD `xbi ev KziAvb-mybvni Kvbv gvmAvjv ev Bjg wkvi Rb Mgb Kib ZvnjI wZwb
Adzi mvIqve I eiKZ ARb Kieb| wewfb nv`xm ivm~jyjvn ejQb, Bjg wkLZ ev RvbZ h ew c_ Pj m cwZ
c`c AMwYZ mvIqve jvf Ki, evwo div ch m wRnvì mvIqve jvf Ki, Zvi Rb wdwikZvMY Zuvì cvLvjv wewQq
`b Ges mKj mw `yAv KiZ _vK| G welqK KqKwU nv`xm Avgiv KziAvb wkvi dhxjZ cm `LwQ|
GRb cvVKi KvQ Avgvi Abyiva, Avcwb hvK bKKvi ev Avjvni wcq ej gb Kib `yAv PvIqvi Dk Zvi
KvQ hveb bv| `xbi Kvbv Avgj, gvmAvjv ev ZvKIqv welqK civgk ev wkvi Dk hveb| A_ev GKvB Avjvni Rb
fvjevmv wbq `Lv Kiv I mvjvg Ìqvi Dk hveb| mvvZi mgq gvmb~b mvjvg, gymvdvnv I K_vevZvi ga gvmb~b
`yAvjv ejjB mKj `yAv nq hvq| ZviciI BQv Kij cmZ `yAv PvBeb| Ze ay `yAv PvIqvi Rb KLbvB Kviv KvQ
hveb bv| Pv Kieb `yAv PvIqvi Abyf~wZ gb _K `~i Ki ay fvjevmv I wkvi Dk `Lv KiZ hvIqvi| gnvb Avjvn
gbi Aev `Lb| wZwb AvcbvK Z`bymvi mvIqve c`vb Kieb|
2. 11. whK&ii Avè

whKii wKQz Avè iqQ| Avè cvjb KiZ bv cvivi A_ G bq h, whK&i e KiZ ne ev G Aevq whK&i Kij cvc
ne| eis gywgb mevevq whK&i iZ _vKeb Ges mvagZ Avèjv cvjbi Pv Kieb|
2. 11 1. whwKii Ihxdv Zwi Kiv
Contents
151
Ihxdv A_ wbqwgZ ev wbavwiZ Kg, wbavwiZ Kg ZvwjKv, `bw`b Kg BZvw`| gywgb wbRi Rb
cwZw`bi h mKj Kg cvjbi wbavwiZ ZvwjKv ev Kgm~Px Zwi Kib ZvKB Ihxdv ejv nq|
wewfb nv`xm Avgiv wewfb cKvi whwKi I Bev`Zi dhxjZi K_v RvbZ cvwi| ^fveZ AwaKvsk gvbyli
mKj cKvi bK Avgj memgq Kiv me nq bv| Ze whwKi ev Ab Kvbv welq Kvbv dhxjZi welq mnxnfve RvbZ
cvij AZ GKevi njI cvjb Kiv gywgbi KZe| Gici h_vme Zv cvjbi Pv KiZ ne|
G aibi mvgwqK Kg gywgbi Rxebi g~j wbqg ne bv| g~j wbqg ne wbqwgZ Kg| gywgbi `vwqZ njv gvmb~b
whwKi AvhKvii ga _K wbRi mgq, myhvM I Kjei nvjZi w`K j iL GKevi Kg bv nq Avevi mvai evBi
Pj bv hvq Ggbfve wbRi Rb mywbw` Ihxdv ev wbavwiZ whwKii ZvwjKv I Kgm~wP Zwi Ki wbZ ne| gvS gvS AbK
whwKi ev Bev`Z Ki Avevi gvS gvS GKevi Qo Ìqvi Pq A njI wbavwiZ Ihxdv wbqwgZ cvjb Kiv Dg|
Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
n gvbyliv, Zvgiv Zvgvì mvagZv bdj Avgj MnY Ki; KviY Zvgiv Kv bv nj Avjvn Kv neb bv|
wbq Avjvni wbKU mePq wcq Kg njv h Kg wbqwgZ Kiv nq, hwÌ Zv Kg nq| Avi gynvv` ()-Gi cwiRbi (wZwb
I Zuvi AvcbRbì) wbqg wQj Kvbv Avgj i Kij Zv vqx ivLv|1
AmsL mvnvex-Zveqxi Rxeb _K Avgiv G welqwU `LZ cvB| Zuviv Zvnvy`, wZjvIqvZ, `vqv, mvjvZ cvV, Pvk&Z,
Zvmexn Zvnjxj I Abvb whwKii GKwU wbw` Ihxdv wbRì Rb wbaviY Ki wbqwQjb| Gi evBi Zuviv me`v AwbavwiZfve
Avjvni whwKi Zuvì wRnv Av` ivLZb|2 BZtc~e Avwg G welq DjL KiwQ| AvgvìI Gfve wKQy whwKi wbw` Ki bqv
DwPZ| AwZwi whwKi ne AwbavwiZ I AMwYZ|
2. 11. 2. Ihxdv b bv Kiv
wbavwiZ whK&i h_vmgq cvjb Kivi Pv KiZ ne| Kvbv Amyweavi KviY wbw` mgq cvjb me bv nj cieZx
mgq Zv Av`vq (Kvhv) Kivi Pv KiZ ne| ivm~jyjvn -Gi hyM mvnvexMY Gaibi wbavwiZ whK&i, `yAv I wZjvIqvZ cvjb
KiZb iv GKvKx| Zvnvyì mvjvZ I GmKj whK&i, wZjvIqvZ I `yAvq Zuviv ivi AwaKvsk mgq, weklZ kl ivZ eq
KiZb| Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb:
ss
h ew Zvi wbavwiZ Ihxdv cvjb bv Ki Nywgq coe, m hw` Zv dRi I hvni mvjvZi gaeZx mgq co bq
Zvnj m h_vmgq ivZi ejvq Av`vq Kivi mvIqve cve|3
ivm~jjy vni () wbqgI ZvB wQj| Avqkv (iv) ejb :
w
w
.a
ivm~jyjvn KLbv Kvbv Avgj Kij Zv vqx (wbqwgZ) KiZb| wZwb KLbv Nyg ev AmyZvi KviY iv
Zvnvy` Av`vq KiZ bv cvij w`bi ejvq 12 ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb|4
2. 11. 3. whK&i gbvhvM
whK&ii mgq `q I wRnvK GKwZ Kivi Rb me`v Pv KiZ ne| gyL hv DPviY KiZ ne gbK Zvi A_i
w`K wbe ivLZ ne| whK&ii ki mv_ `qK AvjvwoZ KiZ ne| mevg whK&i nj hv gyL I gb GK DPvwiZ
nq| wZxq chvqi whK&i ay gbi whK&i| ZZxq chvqi whK&i ay gyLi whK&i| AbK mgq hvwKii gb IqvmIqvmv Avm
h, PjZ wdiZ, MvwoZ, gvRwjm ev Rbmg gyLi whK&i Kij wiqv ne ev gvbyl wiqvKvix eje, KvRB ay gb whK&i Kwi|
G wPv A_nxb I whK&i _K weiZ ivLvi Rb kqZvbx IqvmIqvmv| hvwKii `vwqZ, wbRi gbK Avjvn-gyLx Kiv I wiqv _K
cwe Kiv| mv_ mv_ ecivqvfve me`v wbRi wRnvK whK&i e I Av` ivLv|
Contents
152
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
2. 11. 4. gbvhvMi DcKiY: mybv Z ebvg weÀvZ

whK&i Ges Ab mKj Bev`Zi cvY gbvhvM| gbvhvM GKwU gvmb~b Bev`Z| ivm~jyjvn I mvnvexMY gbvhvM
mnKvi whK&ii mv_ `qK AvjvwoZ Ki `b I AveMmn whK&i KiZb| G gbvhvM I AveM mwi Rb Kvbv
wekl cwZ Zuvì Kg _K Avgiv `LZ cvB bv| Zuviv ^vfvweKfveB gbvhvM mnKvi whK&i KiZb| cieZx hyM
wewfb mgq wewfb Avwjg, Avwe` ev hvwKi gbvhvM mwi Rb wewfb cwZ Aej^b KiQb| G mKj cwZ gv^q
whK&ii Ask cwiYZ nq weÀvZ chewmZ nq|
hgb, Bgvg beex ejb: hvwKii Rb jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjvn GKUz Ub Ub Gi A_ gbi ga boPo wPv Ki whK&i
Kiv Dg|1
Gic g A_vr DPviYi `xNvqb ev cj^b Kvbv Bev`Z bq; KviY ivm~jjy vn ev mvnvexMY _K whKi Bev`Z
cvjbi cwZ wnme GwU ewYZ nqwb| mybv Zi AvvjvK Gic Uvbvi ga Kvbv mvIqve bB| whK&iwU gyL DPviY Kiv I gb
Gi A_ Abyaveb I wPv Kiv-B Bev`Z| DPviY ev A_-wPvi cqvRb hvwKi hw` ewMZfve GKUz _g ev cjw^Z Ki whK&i
Kib Zvnj G _vgv ev cj^bi ga Kvbv cvc ev mvIqve bB, ay Ze Abyaveb I `q bvovbv Bev`Zi mvIqve cveb|
Zvnj DPviY cjw^Z Kivi KviY wZwb Kvbv cvc ev mvIqve cvb wb; Ze G KgwU Zvi A_ Abyavebi Bev`ZK
mnvqZv Kij wZwb A_ Abyavebi MfxiZv Abymvi mvIqve cveb| hw` KD Gfve bv Ub ^vfvweK we DPviYi mv_ mv_
Abyic Abyaveb I wPv KiZ cvib Zvnj wZwbI GKB mvIqve ARb Kieb| Ze Avgiv `LwQ h, hw` Uvb, cj^b, `xNvqb ev
mybv Zi AwZwi Kvbv cwZ, cwqv ev wbqgK KD ixwZ wnmve MnY Kib A_ev Gic Kvbv welq AwZwi Kvbv mvIqve
ev Bev`Z nQ ej gb Kib Zvnj Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ ne|
Zvnj Avgiv `LwQ h, hw` KD gbvhvM ARbi Rb GKUz axi jq Ub Ub DPviY cjw^Z Ki A_ev PvL
e Ki, weklfve em ev DPviY Ki whK&i Kib Zvnj ZvK `vl Ìqv hvq bv| Gjv Rvqh Kg| wZwb GKwU Rvqh
DcKiY GKwU gvmb~b Bev`Z ARbi Rb eenvi KiQb| wK mgmv wwea :
c_g mgmv: ivm~jjy vn () I mvnvexMY Gfve axi axi ev Ub Ub DPviYi ixwZ AbymiY KiZb ej Kv_vI
Rvbv hvq bv| Zuviv VuvU bo ^vfvweKfve DPviY KiZb ej AMwYZ nv`xm Avgiv `wL| KLbv Kvbv iKg ewZg
DPviY Kij Zv mvnvexMY eYbv KiZb| GLb Avgiv Kvb& hywZ Zvì ixwZi evBi hve?
ivm~jjy vn I mvnvexMY PvL gj `wK mvR`vi vb wbe Ki mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb| Zuviv KLbv PvL eyR
mvjvZ Av`vq KiQb ej Avgiv Kv_vI eYbv cvwQ bv| Avgiv Rvwb h, Pz e Ki whK&i, mvjvZ, gyivKvev BZvw`Z
gbvhvM ewk Avm| wK gbvhvM mwi hywZ wK Avgiv PvL eyR mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ cvie? ivm~jjy vn I Zuvi
mvnvexMY gbvhvM ARbi Rb mePq ewk AvMnx wQjb| Zv mI Zuviv gbvhvM mwi Rb G mKj ixwZ AbymiY
Kibwb| Avgiv wKfve ZvK fvj eje?
wZxq mgmv: cqvRb Bev`Z cvjbi Rb Kvbv Rvqh DcKiY eenvi Kiv hZ cvi| hgb, ùvwoq mvjvZ cov
Bev`Z| Kviv Rb ùvovZ Amyweav nj wZwb jvwV eenvi KiZ cvib| wK Avgiv mevi Rb jvwV eenvii ixwZ cPjb KiZ cvwi
bv| gbvhvMi Rb `y GKevi PvL e Ki mvjvZ Av`vqi AbygwZ KD KD w`qQb| wK me`v PvL e Ki mvjvZi ixwZ Pvjy
Kiv KLbvB me bq| Abyicfve Kvbv hvwKi gbvhvMi cqvRbi G mKj Rvqh DcKiY eenvi KiZ cvib; wK mybv Zi
ewZg Kvbv wKQzKB ixwZZ cwiYZ Kiv hvq bv| KviY ZvZ mybv Z cwZ gZzeiY Ki Ges ZZxq mgmwUi De nq|
ZZxq mgmv: Gic DcKiYi mePq wZKi w`K Avwe` GK chvq DcKiYK Bev`Zi Ask gb Kib| ZLb Zv
weÀvZ cwiYZ nq| hgb, h ew Ub Ub jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjvn DPviY KiQb wZwb fveQb h ew ^vfvweKfve Zv
DPviY KiQ Zvi Bev`ZwU c~Yv nQ bv| A_ev GKUz Ub DPviY Kij Bev`ZwU Aviv fvj nZv|
GLvb wZbwU Kg AvQ : whK&iwUi DPviY, gbvhvM I axi jq| wZwb wZbwU KvRKB c_K Bev`Z gb KiQb| c_g
`ywU AwRZ njI ZZxqwUi Afve _vKj Bev`ZK Am~Y fveQb| h KvRwUK ivm~jyjvn Bev`Z ejbwb ev Kibwb ZvK
wZwb Bev`Z gb KiQb| A_ev wZwb fveQb h, Gfve Ub bv coj gbvhvM AvmZB cvi bv| A_vr, gbvhvM ARbi
GKgv DcKiY Gfve Ub DPviY Kiv| Gfve wZwb gb KiQb h, ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMYi gZv ^vfvweK DPviYi
gbvhvM AvmZ cvi bv| G K_vi A_ , cwic~Y mybvZ cwZZ Bev`Z Kij Bev`Z c~Y ne bv ev ivm~jyjvn I mvnvexMYi
Bev`Z c~Y wQj bv! Gfve wZwb gv^q weÀvZi Mfxi _K Mfxi cek Kieb|
Avgiv Rvwb h, gbvhvM I webq mnKvi mvjvZ Av`vq GKwU iZc~Y Bev`Z| nv`xm kixd cZK mvjvZK
Rxebi kl mvjvZ gb Ki fqfxwZ I webq mnKvi Av`vq Kivi Drmvn Ìqv nqQ| GLb GKew mvjvZi ga G Aev
mwi Rb Kvdbi Kvco cwiavb Ki ev Mjvq ewo ci mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ i Kijb| G wZwb Ggb GKwU DcKiY
eenvi KiQb hv Ljvd mybvZ ev mybvZ-mZ bq| G DcKiY KLbv ivm~jyjvn I mvnvexMY eenvi Kibwb, hwÌ
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
153
mvjvZi gbvhvM mwi AvMn Zuvì wQj mePq ewk| GiciI hw` wZwb gvSga G DcKiY eenvi Kib
Zvnj nqZ KD KD Zv gb beb ev cwZev` Kieb bv| wK wZwb hw` GK mvjvZi AweQ` ixwZ evwbq bb Zvnj Zv
wbtm`n weÀvZ cwiYZ ne| ZZxq chvq hw` wZwb mvjvZi Rb Kvdbi Kvco ev ewo cwiavbK AwZwi GKwU Bev`Z
ej gb Kib A_ev G cvkvK Qvov mvjvZi gbvhvM me bq ej gb Kib Zvnj Zvi weÀvZ Aviv cwicZv jvf
Kie|
Dcii `xN AvjvPbvi Dk whK&i Kw`K wKQy wevw mgvavbi Pv Kiv| whK&ii gbvhvM mwi Rb wewfb
mgq wewfb Avwe` ev hvwKi eyRyM wewfb DcKiY eenvi KiQb| hgb, Nvo ev kixi bvovbv, kixii wewfb vbi w`K
j Ki whK&i Kiv, whK&ii k w`q kixii wewfb vb AvNvZi Kbv Kiv, BZvw`| Gwj meB Ljvd mybv Z DcKiY|
ewMZ chvq gvSga G mKj DcKiYi eenvi AbKUv PvL eyR mvjvZ Av`vqi gZv| wK gv^q GwjK ixwZ
evwbq djv nqQ Ges Gici mjvK Bev`Z ej gb Kiv nqQ| Gfve weÀvZi mw nqQ|
GLvb Avgvì KqKwU welq j ivLv cqvRb
(K) mKj Bev`Z, mvIqve I KvgvjvZi GKgv cwic~Y Av`k ivm~jyjvn | wZwb AvgvìK mKj
Bev`Zi I KvgvjvZi cwic~Y, c~Yv I wevwiZ mybv Z ev ixwZ I cwZ wkwLq wMqQb| Zuvi mvnvexMY Zuvi mybvZ
AbymiYi c~Yv Av`k| mybvZi gaB wbivcv, gyw I KvgvjvZ| Avgvì mevZK Pv KiZ ne Bev`Z, DcKiY,
cwZZ, cKiY mewKQyZ mybvZi ga _vKv|
(L) ivm~jyjvn hv Kibwb ev kLvbwb Zv-B Ljvd mybv Z| G ejZ cvie bv h, wZwb Zv wbla Kibwb| G
K_v ejj Avi Kvbv mybvZB cvjb Kiv hve bv| mvjvZzj Cì Avhvb w`Z, ivgv`vb Qvov Ab mgq mvjvZzj weZ&i RvgvZ
Av`vq KiZ ev Lvwj gv_vq mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ wZwb wbla Kib wb| Gic AMwYZ D`vniY iqQ| Bev`Zi c~YZv ARbi
AvMn ZuviB mePq ewk wQj| Bev`Zi c~YZvi c_ kLvbvi `vwqZI ZuviB wQj| Zv mI wZwb hv Kibwb ev kLvbwb Zv
eRbxq| myhvM I cqvRb _vKv mI wZwb Kibwb A_ wZwb Zv eRb KiQb| G welq Avwg Gn&BqvDm mybvb M wevwiZ
AvjvPbv KiwQ|
w
w
.a
ss
AZGe, Kvbv Bev`Z cvjbi Rb mybv Z kLvbv nqwb Ggb Kvbv DcKiY eenvi Kiv DwPZ bq, weklZ h DcKiY
ivm~jyjvn ev Zuvi mvnvexMY eenvi KiZ cviZb, wK Kibwb Zv eenvi Kiv KLbvB DwPZ bq| GKv eva nj, mybvZ
cwZZ I mybvZ chvqi Bev`Z cvjbi Rb Kvbv DcKiY eenvi Kiv hvq, Ze ZvK ixwZZ cwiYZ Kiv DwPZ bq| mevevq
mybv Zi evBi bv hvIqvB Avgvì Rb gj|
(M) hw` KD ewMZ chvq gvS ga AveM, gbi ciYv ev Zwi KviY G aibi Kvbv DcKiY gbvhvM
ARbi Rb eenvi Kib Zvnj Zv nqZ AvcwRbK ne bv| Ze GjvK ixwZZ cwiYZ Kiv hve bv|
(N) Avgvì gb ivLZ ne h, Avgvì Dk G bq h, Bev`Z Ki AvjvnK KZv_ Ki è ev ZvK RvbvZ c`vb
eva Kie ev wbw` Kvbv djvdj jvf Kie| Avgvì Dk, Avgiv Zuvi KiYv, ingZ I gv PvB G AveMUv cKvk Kie|
mybv Zi AbymiYB g~jZ Bev`Z| mybv Zi ga _K Avgiv hZUzKy Bev`Z Kie ZZUzKBz Avgvì Rb h_| mybvZi ga _K
hZUzKz KiZ cvwi ZvZB Avgvì Pje|
ivm~jyjvn AvgvìK gbvhvM mnKvi mvjvZ, whK&i BZvw` Bev`Z cvjbi wb`k w`qQb| gbvhvM ARbi Rb
wewfb Dcvq gvbe mgvR cPwjZ| hgb, eb Rj Pj hvIqv, wbRb cvi hvIqv, Pz e Kiv, AvZmvnb Kiv BZvw`| G
aibi Kvbv cwZ wZwb AvgvìK wkwLq Rvbwb| PvL gj, gmwR` RvgvZi mv_ ^vfvweK cvkvK mvjvZ Av`vqi ixwZ
wkwLq wMqQb| Avgvì `vwqZ mybv Zi ga _K hZUzKz me gbvhvM ARb Kiv| GZ hZUzKz ne ZvZB Avgvì Pje|
Gi ewk GMvZ hvIqvi A_ Zvi mybvZi cwZ Aev Kiv| wZwb Kibwb ev kLvbwb Ggb Kvbv Dcvq ev DcKiY w`q
Bev`ZK DPgvM wbq hvIqvi A_ Zuvi wkvK Ac~Y gb Kiv| Avgiv nqZ `LZ cve h, AbK Avwe` ev hvwKi PvLeyR,
Kvdbi Kvco cwiavb Ki, mvjvZi AvM AvZmvnb Ki wbq, gwK AUv mvRkbi gvag Avjdv ev WjUv jfj wbq
hq, Mvivbi KvQ hq, wbRb cvi hq, gvwUi Dci ev wbP Kei Zwi Ki Zvi ga ùvwoq ev G aibi wewfb DcKiY
eenvi Ki mvjvZ Av`vq Ki LyeB Avb`, Zw, gbvhvM I AvavwZK DbwZ Abyfe KiQb| G Avgvì KiYxq wK ?
gbvhvM ARbi Rb G mKj DcKiY eenvi Kiv ev GmKj DcKiYK mvjvZ Av`vqi mv_ ixwZZ cwiYZ Kiv ? bvwK mybvZi
ga mxgve _vKv ?
mvwbZ cvVK, G mKj gRv, Zw, AvavwZK Abyf~wZ BZvw` KvbvwUB Bev`Z bq| Gjv GKvB RvMwZK, cvw_e
I gbv`wnK welq| Gjvi Rb KvbvcKvi mvIqve ev Avjvni bKU Avcwb cveb bv| wmqvg ivLj Avgiv `wnK I
RvMwZKfve AbK jvfevb nB| G jvfjv Bev`Z bq| Gjv Bev`Zi AwZwi jvf| G mKj RvMwZK welqi Rb
Bev`Z Kij Zv Avi Bev`Z _vK bv| Bev`Z A_ gynvv`yi ivm~jyjvn -Gi AbymiY Bev`Z Kiv| KvRB, G mKj DbZx
I eyRyMxi K_v hb AvcbvK gvwnZ bv Ki| `qK gynvv`yi ivm~jyjv n -K w`q gvwnZ Ki ivLyb, ZuvK AbymiY
Contents
154
KiY| mLvb Avi KvDK cek KiZ èb bv| Avgiv PvL gj, RvgvZ, mybvZi wkvi ga _KB mvjvZ
Av`vq Kie| GfveB hZUzKz me gbvhvM ARbi Pv Kie| GfveB hZUzKz Zw I AvavwZK DbwZ Abyfe KiZ cvwi
ZvZB Avgvì Pje| GUzKz wbqB Avgiv gnvwePvii w`b gnvcfyi ìevi nvwRiv w`Z PvB| G mvgvb cyuwR wbqB Avgiv
mw`b ivngvZzwjj Avjvgxb bexq gymZvdv -Gi nvDh nvwhiv w`Z PvB|
mvwbZ cvVK, Dcii welqjv mvgb iL, h_vme gbvhvM ARb Ki whK&i Kivi Pv Kib| mybv Z
fve kLvbv nqwb Ggb Kvbv welqK whK&ii mv_ Rwoq djeb bv ev ixwZZ cwiYZ Kieb bv| Avjvn
AvgvìK mybvZ Z _vKvi ZvIdxK w`b Ges AvgvìK mybvZi AbymiYi ga _KB Zuvi mw, cwic~Y ejvqZ I
KvgvjvZ ARbi ZvIdxK `vb Kib|
om
2. 11. 5. emv, kqb, GKvwKZ I cweZv

gywgb hLb weklfve whK&ii Rb emeb ZLb h_vme huvi whK&i Kiv nQ Zuvi cwZ cwic~Y Avè, webq, AvMn, AveM
I fvjevmv wbq kv gb emZ ne| me nj wKejvgyLx nq emv Dg| Ze cqvRb qI whK&i I Ihxdv Av`vq Kiv hvq|
Avqkv (iv) ejb :
.c
Avgvi wbqwgZ AcweZvi mgq ivm~jyjvn Avgvi Kvj gv_v iL q KziAvb wZjvIqvZ KiZb|1
Avqkv (iv) wbRi mK ejQb :
DwPZ|3
un
na
ht
ru
st
Avgvi wbqwgZ wZjvIqvZ-Ihxdv ev Zvi AwaKvskB Avwg wbRi weQvbvq q q cvV Kwi|2
h_vme cwe I wbRb vb whK&i Kiv Dg| cwe bvgi whK&ii Rb gmIqvK Kiv I gyLK `yM gy Kiv
.a
ss
2. 11. 6. whK&i iZ Aevq wewfb Kg

Bgvg beex, Bgvg Bebyj Rvhvix cgLy DjL KiQb h, whK&i iZ Aevq hw` hvwKiK KD mvjvg c`vb Ki,
Zvnj wZwb mvjvgi Di c`vb Ki Avevi whK&i iZ neb| hw` Zuvi wbKU KD nuvwP w`q Avj-nvg`y wjjvn ejb, Zvnj
wZwb Zvi RIqve Bqvinvgy Kvjvn ej cybivq whK&i gbvwbek Kieb| hvwKi whK&i iZ Aevq Avhvb i nj, wZwb
Avhvbi K_vjv ej gyqvhwhbi RIqve c`vbi ci whK&i iZ neb| whK&i iZ Aevq Kvbv Abvq, Bmjvg weivax ev
AbwZK KvR `Lj wZwb Zvi cwZev` Kieb, Kvbv fvj Kg wb`kbvi myhvM Avmj Zv cvjb Kieb, KD Dc`k ev
civgk PvBj Zv c`vb Kieb, Gici Avevi whK&i iZ neb| Abyicfve Nyg Avmj ev Lye Kv nq coj wKQyY wekvg
Ki Avevi whK&i i Kieb|4
w
w
2. 11. 7. DPviY I keY

kixqZ mZ ev gvmb~b whK&i, mvjvZi ga ev mvjvZi evBi mKj cKvi whK&ii B g~jbxwZ h, Zv
wRnv viv Gfve DPviY KiZ ne h, DPviYKvix Kvbv mgmv ev Amyweav bv _vKj Zvi wbRi DPviY bZ cveb|
Gfve wbR bvi gZv Ki wRnv viv DPviY Kiv bv nj Zv whK&i ej MY ne bv| Ze gbi iY, Zvdvzi ev wdwKii
K_v wfb|5
2. 11. 8. wbtk ev g`y k whK&i Kiv
BZvc~e Avgiv `LwQ h, whK&i A_ iY Kiv ev Kivbv| iY Kivbv ev Iqvh-bmxnZ RvZxq whK&i cqvRb
gZv Rvi AvjvPbv KiZ ne, hvZ kvZvMY bZ cvb| Avi iY Kiv ev mvaviY whK&ii hvwKii Kg wbR
kvbv I Zuvi cfy K kvbvbv| G mybvZ Pzc Pzc I AbyPî whK&i Kiv|
whK&i GKwU bdj Bev`Z| mKj bdj Bev`Zi B mybv Zi mvaviY g~jbxwZ h_vme GKvKx I h_vme Pzc
Contents
155
Pzc Zv Av`vq Kiv| whK&i mwKZ mKj nv`xm, mvnvex-ZveqxMYi Kg I Pvi Bgvgmn Zveqx, Zve-Zveqx
dKxn I BgvgMYi gZvgZ chvjvPbv Kij m`nvZxZfve Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, whK&ii g~j mybvZ bxie, gb gb ev g`y
k whK&i Kiv|
ivm~jyjvn I mvnvexMY mvaviYZ mKj whK&i Pzc Pzc VuvU bo ev g`y k cvjb KiZb| Kvbv Kvbv whK&i, hgb
C`yj Avhnvi ZvKexi, nRi Zvjweqv, wewZii ci Zvmexn BZvw` mk ejQb| c_g hyMi mKj dKxn I Bgvg GKgZ
nqQb h, h mKj vb ev mgq ivm~jyjv n Rvi ev k Ki whK&i KiQb ej fve nv`xm ewYZ nqQ, m mKj vb
ev mgq Qvov Ab mKj vb I mgq whK&i Av ev g`y î Av`vq Kiv mybvZ Ges Rvi ev DPtî whK&i mybvZi Ljvd|
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
2. 11. 9. nvbvdx gvhnve Rvi whK&i weÀvZ

nvbvdx gvhnve G welq LyeB KovKwo Kiv nqQ| nvbvdx gvhnvei g~jbxwZ whK&ii g~j mybv Z Pzc Pzc wbî
whK&i Kiv Avi Rvi ev DPk whK&i Kiv g~jZ weÀvZ|1 ay h mKj whK&i I `yAv ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi
ci mvnvexMY k Ki cvV KiZb ej wbwZic GRgv ev mnxn nv`xm viv mycgvwYZ, hgb C`yj Avhnvi mgqi ZvKexi,
nRi Zvjweqvn BZvw` Qvov Kvbv cKvi whK&i I `yAv mk DPviY Kiv nvbvdx gvhnve weÀvZ I gvKin Zvnixgx| hLvb
mybv Z A_ev weÀvZ nIqvi m`n AvQ mLvb ZvK weÀvZ wnmve MY Ki Zv eRb KiZ ne| Dci h mybvZ cvjb
KiZ weÀvZi mv_ m nZ nq m mybv ZI eRb KiZ ne| KviY weÀvZ eRb Kiv dih, Avi mybvZ ev mvIqve ARb
Kiv dih bq| dih b Ki Kvbv mybv Z cvjb Kiv hvq bv| nvbvdx ghnvei mKj cvPxb M I Abvb gvhnvei M G welq
evivevi ejv nqQ|2
2. 11. 10. cieZx hyM Rvi whK&i-Gi cPjb I mg_b
mvnvex, Zveqx I Zve-ZveqxMYi hyM kl nIqvi ci gv^q mgvR wewfb mybv Z weivax Kg cek KiZ
_vK| weklZ evM`vì wLjvdZi cZbi ci mviv gymwjg wek AvbZv, Kzmsvi, wdZbv dvmv` BZvw` Qwoq co|
Bmjvgx vb, weklZ KziAvb, nv`xm I wdKni PPv Kg hvq| wekvj gymwjg weki Zzjbvq AwZ bMY msLK Avwjg Djvgv
Bjgi Svv eq Pjb|
G hyM mybvZi vbi Afve, AveM, AvMn, mvgwqK dvB`v, djvdj, wewfb vb cPjb BZvwì KviY AbK
mk whK&i KiZ i Kib| gv^q Zv ixwZZ cwiYZ nq| cieZxZ Zv ewMZ _K mwwjZ whK&ii ixwZZ cwiYZ
nq| m hyM Kvbv Kvbv Avwjg hLb Gfve Rvi whK&ii cPjb `LZ cvb, ZLb mjvi c gZ cKvk Kib| Zviv
Gfve whK&iKvixì ga AbK bKKvi gvbylK `LZ cvb Ges Gfve whK&ii ga dj `LZ cvb| GRb Zuviv
GKvKx ev GKvwaK ew GK Rvi Rvi whK&iK Rvqh ej wewfb cgvYvw` ck Kib| Zuviv Rvi whK&ii wei
KziAvb, nv`xm I BgvgMYi gZvgZK wewfbfve evLv Ki evwZj Ki `b|3
w
w
.a
Avcbviv h Kvbv MelK GKUz Pv KijB welqwU RvbZ cvieb| 500 wnRix ch jLv mKj wdKni M
Avcbviv cvV Ki `Lyb, mLvb Rvi whK&iK weÀvZ jLv nqQ| A_P cieZx hyM `yB GKRb jLK XvjvIfve Ri
ev mk whK&i Rvqh KiQb Ges Nywiq wdwiq Bgvgì mKj K_v evwZj Ki w`qQb|
Zv mI AwaKvsk Avwjg wjLQb h, Rvi whK&i Rvqh njI gmwRì ga Bj&g I wdKn wkvg~jK whK&i
ev Iqvh-AvjvPbv Qvov Kvbv whK&i Rvi ev DPtî Kiv gvKin, A_vr gvKin Zvnixwg|4 GwU njv gmwRì ga
GKvKx Rvi whK&i Kivi weavb| GLb mevB wgj mgeZfve, mgî I HKZvb whK&ii Kx weavb ne Zv cvVK wbRB
wPv Kib|
Avgvì mgvR DPtî whK&ii LyeB cPjb| GLvb msc KqKwU welq AvjvPbv Kiv cqvRb :
(1) Rvqh ev bv-Rvqh Avgvì weeP bq| Avgvì weeP mybv Z wK? AbK KgB Rvqh, wK mybv Z bq| Avgiv
GLvb whK&ii Bev`ZK mybv Z cwZZ e ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMYi gZv cvjb KiZ PvB|
(2) Kvbv Kg Rvqh nIqvi A_ ZvK ixwZZ cwiYZ Kiv bq| mvjvZi AvM Mjv LuvKwi Ìqv wbtm`n Rvqh,
wK GK mvjvZi ixwZZ cwiYZ Kij weÀvZ ne| G aibi AbK D`vnviY Avgvi Gn&BqvDm mybvb M AvjvPbv
Contents

KiwQ| KD hw` GKvKx Ab Kviv Amyweav bv Ki gvS gvS fvj jvMj GKUz Rvi Rvi whK&i Kib Zvnj
Zv Rvqh ne| wK Zvi A_ wK G h me`v GKvKx ev mgeZfve Rvi ev wPrKvi Ki whK&i KivB Dg?
156
(3) mePq eo ck Kb Rvi Rvi whK&i Kie? KvK bve? h whK&i hvwKi AvjvnK bveb m whK&i wZwb I
Zvi cfy bjB njv| Ab KvDK bvbvi Dk wK ?
gnvb iveyj Avjvgxb Zuvi ev`vK wkwLq w`qQb wKfve Zuvi whK&i KiZ ne| Zuvi gnvb ivm~j DZK
wkwLqQb wKfve whK&i KiZ ne| Avgvì Kx cqvRb myweavgZv evbvqvU cwZZ whK&i Kivi ? KziAvb Kvixg Bikv`
Kiv nqQ :
om
Ges whK&i Kib Avcbvi iei Avcbvi gbi ga (gb gb) webxZfve Ges fxZwP Ges AbyPî mKvj Ges
weKvj, Avi AgbvhvMxì Af
y neb bv|1
GLvb Avgiv `LZ cvwQ h, hvwKii ga PviwU Aev GKwZ nj wZwb KziAvb wb`wkZ cwZZ whK&iKvix
ej MY neb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
(1) whK&i gbi ga ne| A_vr, whK&i ev iY g~jZ gbi KvR| whK&ii mgq h K_v gyL DPvwiZ ne Zv AekB gbi
ga AvjvwoZ I Av`vwjZ ne|
(2) webxZfve whK&i KiZ ne|
(3) fxZ I m wP huvi whK&i KiwQ Zuvi ghv`vi cwic~Y Abyfw~ Z `q wbq whK&i KiZ ne|
(4) whK&ii k gyLI DPvwiZ nZ ne| Avi m DPviY ne AbyPî|
A_vr, whK&i ay gbB bq, gbi mv_ Av`vwjZ ne wRnv| fw, fq I webqi mv_ mwZc~Yfve g`y k whK&i
KiZ ne|
mvwbZ cvVK, GiciI wK whK&ii Rb Ab Kvbv wPvi cqvRb AvQ? Avgiv AwZ mnR eySZ cvwi h, G
PviwU Aev GK Acii m~iK I cwic~iK| hLvb webq AvQ mLvb fw I fq _vKe| Avi hLvb fw I webq AvQ
mLvb Ai AvjvwoZ neB| Avi hLvb Aii Abyf~wZ, fw I webq AvQ mLvb k KLbB Rvi ne bv, nZ cviB
bv| Aii mKj Avjvob, webq I fxwZ cKvk Kie GKv weMwjZ g`y ki evK|
.a
ss
whK&ii cvY gbi AveM, webq I fxZwenj Aev| Avi G Aevq Kvbv gvbyl BQv KijI gyLi AvIqvR DP
KiZ cvi bv| AveM, webq I fxwZ hZ ewk ne ki Rvi ZZB KgZ _vKe| gynZvivg cvVK, Avcwb wK Kbv KiZ
cvib h, Kvbv gvbyl `ywbqvi Kvbv eo bZv ev KgKZvi mvgb webxZ I fxZ mfve wPrKvi Ki ZvK WvKQ ? G wK
me ?
whK&i-`yAvi welq Ab AvqvZ Bikv` Kiv nqQ :
w
w
WvK Zvgvì cfyK webxZ-wenj wP Ges Pzc Pzc| wbq wZwb mxgvjNbKvixMYK cQ` Kib bv|2
wcq cvVK, gnvb cfy wkwLq w`Qb wKfve ZuvK WvKZ ne, wKfve Zuvi whK&i KiZ ne Ges wKfve Zuvi KvQ
`yAv KiZ ne| wZwb Aviv Rvwbq w`qQb h, Zuvi kLvbv mxgvi evBi ewiq ZuvK hviv WvK Zvì wZwb cQ` Kib
bv| mvnvex, Zveqx I cieZx gydvmwmiMY wjLQb h, `yAv I whK&ii mxgv jNbi AbZg KviY k DP Kiv ev
Rvi Kiv|3
Avey gymv AvkAvix (iv) ejb:

)
( )

(

Avgiv ivm~jjy vn -Gi mv_ [GK mdi] wQjvg| Avgiv hLb Kvbv cvi cuQvwQjvg ZLb Avgiv ZvKexi I Zvnjxj
[Avjv AvKevi Ges jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjvn] ejwQjvg| Avgvì k DP nq Mj; mvnvexMY DPî ZvKexi I Zvnjxj ejb| ZLb
Contents
157
bexRx ejjb: n gvbyliv, wbRìK axi I ckv Ki| Zvgiv huvK WvKQ wZwb ewai ev `~ieZx bb| Zvgiv
huvK WvKQ wZwb Zvgvì m iqQb| wZwb meke Ykxj Ges wbKUeZx| gnvgwngvw^Z Zuvi bvg, gnv-DP Zuvi ghv`v|1
ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMY AvRxeb GfveB Avjvni whK&i KiQb| cwm Zvweqx nvmvb emix (110 wn) ejb,
!
":
( ) :
"
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avgiv Ggb gvbylì cqwQ huviv (mvnvex I c_g hyMi ZveqxMY) cw_exi eyK Kvbv Bev`Z Pzc ev Mvcb KiZ
cvij Zv KLbv Zviv Rvi ev cKvk KiZb bv| Zuviv ewk ewk `yAv-whKi wj _vKvi cvYv Pv KiZb, wK Zvì Kvbv
kB kvbv hZ bv| Zvì `yAv wQj Zvì I Zvì iei ga ayB wdmwdmvwb| KviY Avjvn ejQb: Zvgiv Zvgvì ieK
WvK fxZwenj nq Ges Mvcb| Avjvn Ab Zuvi GKRb bKKvi ev`v- hvKvwiqv (Av)-Gi K_v DjL Ki ejQb: m Zvi
ieK Pzc Pzc WvK2| Avi wZwb hvKvwiqv (Av)Gi Gic Pzc Pzc WvK m nqQb (`yAv Keyj KiQb)|3
G-B ivmyjyjvn I mvnvexMYi `yAv I whKii cwZ| GKwU nv`xm _KI Rvbv hvq bv h, Zuviv KLbv DPî ev
`jefve whKi KiQb| GLb cvVK AvcwbB wmv wbeb Avcbvi Rb Kvb&wU Dg| Avcbvi mvgvb `ywU weK: (1). wewfb
hyw `wLq wbRi gbK mybv Zi ga mxgve _vKZ Drmvn wèb, mybvZKB mvIqve I KvgvjvZi Rb h_ ej wekvm
Kieb; A_ev (2). wewfb hyw w`q mybvZi ewZg wewfb cwZ, k, DPk, wPrKvi ev Ab Kvbv wbqg cwZ Rvqh Kieb
Ges m Rvqhi Rb mybv ZK me`v cwiZvM Kieb|
mvwbZ cvVK, Avcbvi KvQ KvbwU fvj gb nq? Avwg Avgvi Rb mybv ZKB h_ I mybvZKB wbivc` ej
`pZgfve wekvm Kwi| Avjvni KvQ mKvZi AvwR Kwi, wZwb `qv Ki Avgvì `q, cew fvjjvMv I g`jvMvK Zuvi
nvexei () mybvZi AbyMZ I Abymvix evwbq `b|
Contents
158
ZZxq Aavq
mvjvZ I ejvqvZ
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avgiv `LwQ h, mvjvZB mek whKi Ges mvjvZB gywgbi ejvqvZi AbZg c_| eZgvb hyM ejvqvZ-mvbx
gywgbMY mvaviYZ bdj whKi-AvhKviKB ejvqvZi g~j wfw gb Kib| wK ivm~jyjvn I mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi Rxeb Avgiv
`wL h, Zvì ejvqvZ, gvwidvZ, `b, Kvkd BZvw` me wKQzi g~j wQj mvjvZ| KziAvb I nv`xmi AvjvK mvjvZ gnvb
Avjvn I Zuvi ev`vi ga mivmwi I mevP mshvM| mvjvZi mvR`vq ev`v Zvi gveyì mevP bKU I ejvqvZ jvf Ki|
KziAvb, mybvn, mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi Av`k I Rxebi eveZv _K Avgiv wbwZfve Rvwb h, Kvbv gywgb hw` hZUzKz
Ges hZY me gbvhvM w`q gnvb Avjvni mv_ K_v ejvi Abyf~wZ wbq mvjvZi whKi I `yAvjv A_i w`K j iL
coZ cvib, mvjvZi ga, mvR`vq, mvjvgi AvM Avjvni KvQ `q w`q cv_bv KiZ cvib Ze Zvi `q ckvwZ cwic~Y
ne, `qi AwiZv, K, ivM, wel BZvw` `~ixf~Z ne, Zvi mKj `yAv Keyj ne Ges wZwb `q Avjvni ingZ Abyfe
Kieb| cuvP wgwbUi mvjvZi ga Avav wgwbUI hw` Gfve gbvhvM w`q A_vbyfe Ki mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ cvwi ZvI AbK eo
wbqvgZ|
mywcq cvVK, Avmyb Avgvi mvjvZK gnvb iei ejvqvZi g~j gvag evwbq dwj| G Aavq Avgiv mvjvZ wdKnx
welqjv AwZ msc Ges mvjvZi Ly ev webgZv-GKvMZv, whKi I `yAvi welqjv wevwiZ AvjvPbv KiZ PvB| gnvb
Avjvni ZvIdxK cv_bv KiwQ|
3. 1. mvjvZi msw weavb I wbqg
.a
ss
3. 1. 1. mvjvZi iZ
cwZwU cveq gymwjg bi-bvixi Dci `wbK cuvP evi wbavwiZ mgq wbw` KqK ivKAvZ (gvU 17 ivKAvZ) mvjvZ
Av`vq Kiv dih| Cgvbi ci gymwjgi mePq eo KiYxq wbqwgZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv| KziAvb cvq kZ vb Ges AmsL
nv`xm mvjvZi iZ evSvb nqQ|
KziAvbi AvjvK mvjvZB mdjZvi PvweKvwV| Avjvn ejb: gywgbMY mdjKvg nqQb, hviv AZ webq I
gbvhvwMZvi mv_ mvjvZ Av`vq Kib|1 Ab wZwb ejb: m ewB mvdj ARb Ki, h wbRK cwe Ki Ges wbR cfyi
bvg iY Ki mvjvZ Av`vq Ki|2
KziAvb ejQ, mvjvZ cwiZvMi cwiYwZ Rvnvbvgi gnvkvw| Avjvn ejb: Zvì ci Avmj Ac`v_ cieZxiv, Zviv
mvjvZ b Kij Ges cewi AbymiY Kij| KvRB Zviv AwPiB KzKgi kvw cve|3 Rvbvgxì welq Avjvn ejb: (Zvì
ck Kiv ne) ZvgvìK Rvnvbvg XyKvjv wKm? Zviv eje: Avgiv mvjvZ Av`vq KiZvg bv...|4 h gywgb mvjvZ Av`vq Kib;
wK mvjvZ Av`vq AwbqwgZ-AgbvhvMx Zvi cwiYwZ welq Avjvn ejb: gnvkvw-gnv`yfvM m mKj mvjvZ Av`vqKvixi hviv
Zvì mvjvZ m^ D`vmxb|5
w
w
mvjvZ ev bvgvh gywgb I Kvwdii ga gvcKvwV| bvgvh ZvM Kij gvbyl Kvwdiì `jfy nq hve| ivm~jyjvn
ejQb, GKRb gvbyl I Kzdix-wkiKi ga iqQ bvgvh ZvM Kiv|6 wZwb Aviv ejb: h ew bvgvh Qo w`j m Kzdix
Kij|7
KziAvb I nv`xmi wkvi AvjvK GK_v wbwZ h, bvgvh gymwjgi g~j cwiPq| bvgvh Qvov gymwjgi AwZ
KbvZxZ| bvgvh cwiZvMKvix KLbvB gymwjg ej MY nZ cvib bv| h ew gb Ki h, bvgvh bv cojI Pj ev Kvbv
bvgvhxi Pq Kvbv ebvgvhx fvj nZ cvi- m ew m`nvZxZfve Kvwdi| cwm Pvi Bgvg-mn gymwjg Dvni mKj Bgvg I
dKxn G welq GKgZ| cvi h gymwjg my`pfve wekvm Kib h, bvgvh Kvhv Kiv KwVbZg cvc, w`bivZ Kii MvkZ fY
Kiv, g`cvb Kiv, icvb Kiv BZvw` mKj fqi Mvbvni PqI fqiZi cvc BQvc~eK GK Iqv mvjvZ Kvhv Kiv, m ew
Contents

hw` BQv Ki Kvbv bvgvh ZvM Kib Zvnj ZvK gymjgvb ej MY Kiv ne wKbv m welq dKxnMYi gZf`
AvQ| mvnvex-ZveqxMYi hyM G cKvii gvbylKI Kvwdi MY Kiv nZ| Zvweqx Avyjv n Beby kvKxK ejb
159
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
gynvv` ()-mvnvexMY mvjvZ Qvov Ab Kvbv Kg ZvM KivK Kzdi& x gb KiZb bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
weklZ mvnvexMi ga Dgvi (iv), Avyjv n Beb gvmE` (iv), ZvweqxMYi ga Beivnxg bvLqx, dKxnMYi ga
Bgvg Avng` Beb nv^vj, Bgvg BmnvK Beb ivnvIqvBwn I Abvb AbK G gZ cvlY KiZb| Zuvì gZ gymwjg Kvbv
cvcK cvc Rb cvc wj nj Kvwdi ej MY ne bv| GKgv ewZg bvgvh| hw` KD bvgvh ZvM Kiv cvc RbI GK
Iqv bvgvh BQv c~eK ZvM Kib Zvnj wZwb Kvwdi ej MY neb| cvi Bgvg Avey nvbxdv, Bgvg kvwdqx, Bgvg
gvwjK I AwaKvsk dKxn ejb, G wZxq ewK mivmwi Kvwdi ejv ne bv| Ze ZvK mvjvZi Av`k w`Z ne Ges
mvjvZ cwiZvMi kvw wnme Rj, evNvZ BZvw` kvw c`vb KiZ ne| Bgvg kvwdqx ejb: mvjvZ Av`vqi Av`k
w`jI hw` m Zv cvjb bv Ki Ze ZvK kvw wnme gZz ` c`vb KiZ ne|2
3. 1. 2. Avjvni whwKii Rb mvjvZ
Avgiv G cywKvi z` cwimi mvjvZ ev bvgvhi g~j wbqg cwZ mK msc AvjvPbv Kie| Ze c_g
KqKwU g~j welq Avgvì gb ivLZ ne:
c_g welq: gnvb cwZcvjK gvwjK Avjvni iY I Zuvi KvQ cv_bvi gvag `qK cwe, cwi, AvwejZvgy I
fvigy Kivi Rb mvjvZ ev bvgvh| mvjvZi dih, IqvwRe, mybvZ BZvw` AbK weavb iqQ| meB mva Abymvi| GRb
mvai evBi nj Gjv iwnZ I gvd nq hvq, wK bvgvh gvd nq bv|
Avjvn ejb: hw` Zvgiv wec`vksKv Ki Ze nuvUZ nuvUZ A_ev Avivnx Aevq mvjvZ Av`vq Kie|3
mnxn nv`xm ivm~jyjvn () ejb:
.a
ss
Zvgvi KvQ hw` KziAvbi wKQz _vK Ze Zv cvV Ki; Avi Zv bv nj Zzwg Avjnvg`y wjjvn, Avjv AvKevi Ges jv
Bjvnv Bjvn ej|4
KziAvb I nv`xmi G mKj wb`kbvi AvjvK mKj gvhnve I gZi dKxnMY g~jZ GKgZ h, Ihi ev eva nj gywgb
Ih~ Qvov, em, q, Acwe cvkvK, Dj Aevq, h Kvb w`K gyL Ki, nuvUZ nuvUZ, ùovZ ùovZ, m~iv-wKivZ Qvov, ay
myenvbvjvn, Avjv AvKevi BZvw` whwKii gvag mvjvZ Av`vq Kieb| wK Kvb KviYB wZwb mQvq GK Iqv mvjvZ Kvhv
KiZ cvieb bv| hZY k AvQ ev `q Avjvni iY Kivi gZv AvQ ZZY Zvi bvgvh iwnZ ev gvd nq bv| ZvK
mgq nj mvavbymvi ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi kLvbv cwZZ Zuvi cfyi ìevi nvwRiv w`q ZuvK iY Ki `qK ckv
KiZB ne| bBj Zvi `q I AvZv gZz eiY Kie| wdKni M wji wewfb vb welqjv AvjvwPZ Ges G welq gwjK
Kvbv gZf` bB|
w
w
gvbylK ^fveZ mgvRi ga evm KiZ nq| mvivw`bi Kggq Rxeb wewfbgywL AveM, fvjevmv, NYv, wnsmv, ivM,
weivM, fq, jvf BZvwì ga coZ nq| Gjv Zvi `qK fvivv, Amy I KjywlZ Ki Zvj| aygv gvS gvS
Avjvni iY, Zuvi KvQ cv_bvi gvag wbRi AveM, e`bv I AvKzwZ ck Kivi gvagB gvbyl G fqvbK fvi _K wbRi
`qK gy KiZ cvi|
wZxq welq: G_K Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, gnvb Avjvni whK&i ev iYB njv mvjvZi g~j welq| whK&i ev iY `q
w`q KiZ nq Ges gyL ZvK c~YZv `q| GRb bvgvhi ga gbvhvM w`q Avjvni iY Kiv I bvgvhi ga hv wKQy cvV Kiv
nq Zvi A_i w`K j ivLv I A_i mv_ `qK AvjvwoZ Kiv AZxe cqvRb| gnvb Avjvn ejQb: Ges Avgvi whK&i ev
iYi Rb mvjvZ Kvqg Ki|5 `qnxb iYnxb bvgvh gybvwdKi bvgvh| gnvb Avjvn gybvwdKì mK ejb: Avi hLb
Zviv mvjvZi Rb `vqgvb nq ZLb AjmZvfi ùvovq, gvbylK `Lvq Ges Lye KgB Avjvni whK&i (iY) Ki|6
Contents
160
ZZxq welq: bvgvhi Abvb wbqgvejx cvjbi Ihi ev Amyweav _vKjI whK&i ev iYi Kvb
Amyweav KLbvB _vK bv| Avgiv h Aevq _vwK bv Kb, hfveB bvgvh Av`vq Kwi bv Kb, h whK&i ev wKivAvZB cvV Kwi bv
Kb, bvgvhi ga cwVZ `vqv, whK&i ev wKivAvZi A_i w`K gb w`q gbK Avjvni w`K iRy Ki Aii AveM w`q bvgvh
Av`vqi Pv KiZ cvwi| gbvhvM b nj Aveviv gbvhvM wdwiq AvbZ Pv KiZ cvwi| wK `ytLRbK welq njv, Avgiv
bvgvhi Abvb cqvRbxq, AcqvRbxq, AcqvRbxq AbK welq AwZ mPZb njI gbvhvM, AveM I fwi welq Kvb
AvMn `LvB bv|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
PZz_ welq: Aviv `ytLRbK welq, AbK avwgK gymwjg `Z bvgvh Av`vqi Rb Awi nq cob| axi I kvfve
cwic~Y AveM I gbvhvM mnKvi bvgvh Av`vq KivB KziAvb I mybvni wkv| gv KqK ivKAvZ bvgvh Gfve gvmb~b
cwZZ Av`vq Kij nqZ 10 wgwbU mgq jvMe| Avi Zvovov Ki Av`vq Kij nqZ 3/4 wgwbU Kg jvMe| Avgiv
mvivw`b M KiZ cvwi| gmwR` _K ewiq M Ki mgq b KiZ cvwi, wK bvgvhi ga Zvovov Kwi I Awi nq
cwo| G Zvovov bvgvhK cvYnxb Ki `q|
3. 1. 3. mvjvZi msw cwZ
KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv Rvwb h, AvjvnK Lywk Kivi Rb Kvb Bev`Z Kiv nj Zv Keyj nIqvi Rb
KqKwU kZ iqQ| mjvi AbZg njv h, D Bev`Z ivmyjyjvn Gi mybvZ ev wkv I cwZ Abymvi cvjb KiZ
ne| Zuvi wkvi evBi Bev`Z Kij Zv MnYhvM ne bv| KvRB AvgvìK ivmyjyjv n () Gi kLvb cwZZ mvjvZ
Av`vq KiZ ne| wZwb ejQb: AvgvK hfve mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ `L, mfve Zvgiv mvjvZ Av`vq Kie|1 nv`xmi
nv`xmi AvjvK gymwjg Dvni cv Bgvg I dKxnMY mvjvZ Av`vqi wbqgvejx wevwiZ wjwce KiQb| mvgvb KqKwU
welq nv`xmi eYbv wewfb cKvii nIqvi KviY dKxnMY gZf` KiQb| GLvb msc cqvRbxq welqjv AvjvPbv
KiwQ|
1. Ih~, Mvmj ev Zvqvyg Ki cwe nq, cwe Kvco ci mZi AveZ Ki, webg I kv gb wKejvgyLx nq
bvgvh ùvovb|
cyilì Rb m`vme`v bvfx _K nuvUz ch kixi Ab gvbyli `w _K AveZ Ki ivLv dih| mvjvZi ga G
AskUzKz AveZ Ki ivLv dih| KD `LyK ev bv `LyK kixii G Aski ga Kvb vb AbveZ nj bvgvh b nq hve|
Ze Kvco GK`g bv _vKj Dj AevZB mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ ne| GQvov Kuva I kixii DcwifvM AveZ Kiv mybvZ|
gywgbi DwPZ gnvb cfyi mvgb ùvovbvi Rb Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji () cQ`bxq, cwiQb I cwicvwU cvkvK cwiavb Kiv|
w
w
.a
ss
gwnjvì Rb mvjvZi ga ay gyLgj I Kw ch `yB nvZ ev` gv_vi Pzjmn gv_v I cyiv kixi AveZ Kiv
dih| mvjvZi ga hw` Kvb gwnjvi Kvb, Pzj, gv_v, Mjv, Kuva, cU, cvqi bjv BZvw` c~Y ev AvswkK AbveZ nq hvq
Zvnj mvjvZ b nq hve| mvaviYfve kvox gymwjg gwnjvi Rb AmyweavRbK cvkvK| wXjXvjv cyiv nvZv mjvqviKvwgR ev gvw gymwjg gwnjvi Rb Dg I Av`k cvkvK| mevevq mvaviY cvkvKi Dci AwZwi eo Pvì w`q
fvjfve wbRK AveZ Ki mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ ne| gv_vi Pzj, Kvb, Mjv BZvw` fvjfve AveZ ivLvi w`K j ivLZ
ne|
2. mvgb myZiv ev Avovj ivLyb| `qvj, LuywU, wcjvi ev h Kvb wKQyK mvgb Avovj wnme ivLyb| bv nj AZ
GKnvZ ev AvavnvZ j^v mi Kvb jvwV, KvV BZvw` mvgb ivLjI myZivi mybvZ Av`vq ne| h_vme myZivi KvQ ùvovZ
ne, hb mvR`v Kij myZivi wbKU nq| ivm~jyjvn myZivi wZbnvZi ga ùvovZb|
ivmyjyjvn ejb: hLb Zvgiv mvjvZ Av`vq Kie, ZLb mvgb Avovj ivLe Ges Avovji KvQvKvwQ ùvove,
Avovj ev myZiv Qvov mvjvZ Av`vq Kie bv, Avi KvDK Zvgvi mvgb w`q (myZivi wfZi w`q) hZ wè bv| hw` m Rvi
Ki Zvnj Zvi mv_ gvivgvwi Kie (kfve evav wè), KviY Zvi mv_ kqZvb iqQ,... 2
Bmjvgi c_g hyM myZivi GZ iZ c`vb Kiv nZv h, cqvRb gv_vi Uzwc Lyj myZiv evwbq bvgvh Av`vq Kiv nZv|
Beby Avevm (iv:) _K ewYZ GKwU nv`xm ejv nqQ, ivm~jyjv n AbK mgq bvgvh Av`vqi Rb gv_v _K Uzwc Lyj
UzwcUvK wbRi mvgb myZiv ev Avovj wnme eenvi KiZb|3 cLvZ Zve- Zveqx mywdqvb Beby DqvBbvn (198wn:) ejb,
Avwg kvixK Beby Avwjvn Beby Avex bvwgiK (140wn:) `Ljvg, wZwb GKwU Rvbvhvq DcwZ nq Avmii mgq nj AvgvìK
Contents

wbq RvgvZ Avmii bvgvh Av`vq Kib| ZLb wZwb Zuvi UzwcwU Zvi mvgb iL (UzwcwUK myZiv evwbq) bvgvh Av`vq
Kijb|1
161
3. gb gb Avjvni mw I mvIqvei Rb mvjvZ Av`vqi wbqZ Kib| gyL bvIqvBZzAvb.. BZvw` ejv mybv Zi
Ljvd|
om
4. ZvKexi (Avjvn AvKevi) ej `y nvZ Kuva ch A_ev Kvb ch DVvb| Gmgq nvZi AvOyjjv ^vfvweKfve
mvRv _vKe| GKevi wgwjZ _vKe bv, Avevi wewQbI _vKe bv| nvZi Zvjy wKejvi w`K _vKe|
5. euv nvZi wcV, Kw I evRyi Dci Wvb nvZ ivLyb, A_ev Wvb nvZ w`q euv nvZ aib| Gfve nvZ`yBwU bvfx ev
cUi Dci ivLyb|
6. bvgvRi ga mwebq mvR`vi vb `w ivLyb| Gw`K-mw`K `wcvZ Kieb bv, Dcii w`K ZvKveb bv|
nv`xm ejv nqQ, hviv bvgvh iZ Aevq Dci w`K ZvKvq, Zvì AekB Zv _K weiZ nZ ne, Ab_vq Zvì
`wkw b nZ cvi|2
7. ZvKexi Zvnixgvi ci mvbv ev ii `yAv cvV Kib|
8. Gici AbyPî (gb gb) ejyb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
(AvEhy wejv-wn wgbvk kvqZv-wbi ivRxg) Avwg weZvwoZ kqZvb _K Avjvni Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| A_ev ejyb:
AvEhy wejv-wnm mvgxwqj Avjxwg wgbvk kvqZv-wbi ivRxg, wgb nvg&whnx, Iqv bvd&wLnx Iqv bvd&wmnx: Avwg weZvwoZ kqZvb
_K, Zvi cebv, vb bKvix I AnsKvi mwKvix civPbv _K Avjvni KvQ Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| Ave~ mvqx` Lyìx (iv)
ejb, ivm~jjy vn mvjvZi mvbv cvVi ci ejZb: AvEhy ...wgb nvg&whnx, Iqv bvd&wLnx Iqv bvd&wmnx| nv`xmwU mnxn| 3
9. Gici AbyPî (gb gb) ejyb: wemwgjvwni ivngv-wbi ivnxg| A_vr (cig KiYvgq Avjvni bvg i
KiwQ|)
w
w
.a
ss
10. Gici A_i w`K j iL cv_bvi AveM cwZwU AvqvZ _g _g m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kib|
m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kiv mvjvZi Rb AZxe cqvRbxq| Ze hw` Kn m~iv dvwZnv bv Rvbb, Zvnj Zv wkLZ
_vKeb| hZw`b kLv bv ne ZZw`b m~iv cvVi cwieZ Zvmexn Zvnjxj Kieb| ejeb : (myenv-bvjv-n), (Avjnvg`y
wjjvn), (jv-Bjv-nv Bjvjv-n), Avjv- AvKevi), ( jv- nvIjv Iqvjv- KIy qvZv Bjv- wejv-n)|4
11. m~iv dvwZnv cvV kl nj Avgxb ejeb| Avgxb ki A_ n Avjvn Avgvì cv_bv Keyj Kib|
Gici KziAvbi Ab Kvb myiv ev wKQy AvqvZ cvV Kib| wZjvIqvZ kl mvgvb GKUz _vgyb| Gici Avjvn AvKevi ej
iKy Kib| iKz Aevq `yB nvZ `yB nuvUzi Dci `pfve ivLyb, nvZi AvOyj duvK Ki nuvUz AuvKo aib| `yB evK I
`ynvZi KzbyBK I `n _K mwiq ivLyb| G Aevq wcV j^v Ki w`Z ne, wcV Kvgi I gv_v Ggb fve mvRv I mgv
ivj _vKe wcVi Dci cvwb Xj w`j Zv Mwoq coe bv| G fve iKyZ cyivcywi kv I wi nq hZ ne| iKzi
Zvmexn cvV Kib|
12. iKz _K DV cwic~Y mvRv nq ùvovb I KqK gn~Z ùvwoq _vKzb| iKz I mvR`v _K DV KqK gyn~Z cwic~Y
mvRv _vKv mvjvZi AbZg IqvwRe| iKz _K DV cyivcywi mvRv nq bv ùvwoq mvR`vq Pj Mj mvjvZ b nq hve| G
Aevq gvmb~b whKijv cvjb Kib|
13. Gici Avjv AvKevi ejZ ejZ kvfve mvR`v Kieb| mvR`v Kivi mgq c_g `y nuvUz Gici `y nvZ A_ev
c_g `y nvZ Gici `y nuvUz gvwUZ ivLv- Dfq cKvi nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| mvR`v Aevq `y cv, `y nuvUz, `y nvZ, Kcvj I bvK
gvwUZ `pfve jM _vKe| `y nvZi AvOyj wgwjZ Aevq mvRv wKejvgywL _vKe| `y nvZi cvZv `y Kvbi bxP A_ev `y Kuvai
bxP _vKe| `y nvZi evRy I KbyB gvwU _K Dci _vKe Ges Kvgi _K `~i mi _vKe| mvR`vi mgq bvK gvwU _K DVe
bv| nv`xm ejv nqQ: hZY Kcvj gvwUZ _vKe, ZZY bvKI gvwUZ _vKe, Ab_vq mvjvZ ne bv|5
mvR`vi mgq cvqi AvOyj wKejvgywL _vKe| AbK dKxn gZ cKvk KiQb h, ùvovbv Aevq hgg `y cvqi gvS 4
AvOyj ev GK weNZ duvK _vK mvR`vi mgqI GKBfve c`q c_K _vKe| Abb dKxn ejQb, mvR`vi mgq `ycvqi Mvovwj
GKwZ _vKe| cwm nvbvdx dKxn Avjvgv Beb Avwe`xb kvgx iKzi wbqg cm ejb:
Contents
162
.... ) (
mybvZ njv gymvjx Zvi cvqi Mvovwj`ywU GKwZ Ki ivLe| mvBq` Aveym mvE` ejb: mvR`vi gaI Gfve cvqi
Mvovwjq GKwZ ivLv mybvZ| ....1
G gZwU mnxn nv`xm viv mgw_Z| GK nv`xm Avqkv (iv) ejb: ivm~jyjvn Zvnvy` Av`vq KiwQjb| Avwg AKvi
nvZ evovjvg,
om
Avwg k Ki `Ljvg wZwb mvR`vq iZ, Zuvi cvqi Mvovwjq GKwZ Ki cvqi AvOyjwji cv wKejvgywL Ki
iLQb|2
14. mvR`vq wi I kv nZ ne| ivmyjyjvn () ejb: ... mvR`v Kie Ges mvR`vq Ggb fve kv ne hb Zvgvi
mKj Aw I Rvo kv I wkw_j nq hvq|3 wZwb ejb, `pfve Kcvj, bvK I `yB nvZ gvwUZ iL mvR`vq wi _vKe, hb
Zvgvi `ni mKj Aw wbRwbR vb _vK|4 G Aevq mvR`vi Zvmexn cvV Ges `vqv Kib|
15.Avjvn AvKevi ejZ ejZ mvR`v _K DV emZ ne Ges myY wi nZ ne hb kixii mKj Aw wbRwbR
vb wi nq hvq| ivm~jjy v n () ejQb, mvjvZ nZ nj `y mvR`vi gvS AekB wi nq emZ ne|5 ivm~jyjvn
hZY iKz Ges mvR`vq _vKZb iKz _K ùvwoq I `y mvR`vi gvS em cvq ZZ mgq KvUvZb|6
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
16.G mgq evg cv wewQq w`q Zvi Dci kv nq emZ ne| Wvb cvqi AvyjjvK wKejvgywL Ki cv mvRv
ivLZ ne| `y nvZ `y Di I nuvUzi Dci _vKe| Avyjjv ^vfvweK mvgvb duvK Aevq wKejvgywL _vKe| G mgq gvmb~b
whKi cvV Kib|
17. Gici Avjv AvKevi ej wZxqevi mvR`v KiZ ne| wZxq mvR`vZ c_g mvR`vi gZ kv I wifve
Aevb KiZ ne Ges Dci ewYZ whK&i I `yAv cvV KiZ ne|
DjL h iKz, mvR`v, iKz _K DV ùvwoq I `yB mvR`vi gvS em kv nIqv Ges Zvovov bv Kiv bvgvhi Rb
AZxe iZcYy Ges GZ Aenjv Kij bvgvh b nq hve| K Ki bvgvh coI Zv hw` bexwRi () wkvi weivwaZvi KviY
Avjvn Keyj bv Kib Zvnj Zvi Pq `ytLi welq Avi wKQyB nZ cvi bv| ivmyjyjvn () ejQb, h gymvjx cyivcywi kvfve
iKz mvR`v Av`vq Ki bv, Zvi mvjvZi w`K Avjvn ZvKvb bv|7 wZwb GKewK ZvovZvwo Ac~Yf ve iKz mvR`v KiZ `L
ejb : hw` m G Aevq gviv hvq Zvnj gynì () agi Dci Zvi gZz ne bv| KvK hgb i VvKi `q Zgwb Giv
mvjvZ VvKi `q| h ew cwic~Y fve iKz Ki bv Ges VyKi VyKi mvR`v Ki Zvi Aev njv m ewi gZ h AZvwaK
zavZ Aevq GKwU ev `ywU LRyi Lj, hvZ Zvi Kvb iKg zav wgUj bv|8
wZwb ejb, mePq Lvivc Pvi h wbRi mvjvZ Pywi Ki| mvnvexiv ck Kib, n Avjvni ivm~j, wbRi mvjvZ
wKfve Pzwi Ki? wZwb ejb, mvjvZi iKz I mvR`v cyivcywi Av`vq Ki bv|9
wZwb GKw`b mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ KiZ j Kib h GKew iKy I mvR`v Kivi mgq wi nQ bv| wZwb mvjvZ
kl ejb, n gymwjgMY, h ew iKzZ Ges mvR`vq cyivcywi wi I kv bv ne, Zvi mvjvZ Av`vq ne bv|10
18. Gici Avjvn AvKevi ejZ ejZ wZxq ivKAvZi Rb ùvovZ ne| mvR`v _K DV ùvovbvi mgq cwic~Y
Avè I fwi mv_ kvfve c_g `yB nvZ, Zvici `yB nuvUz gvwU _K Dci DVvZ ne| Dcii wbqg wZxq ivKAvZ Av`vq
KiZ ne|
19. wZxq ivKAvZ c~Y nj Zvkvnì Rb emZ ne| `yB mvR`vi gvS gvS hfve emZ nq, mfve evg cv
wewQq Wvb cv Lvov Ki AvOyjjv wKejvgywL Ki emZ ne| evg nvZ ^vfvweKfve evg Di ev nuvUzi Dci weQvbv _vKe| Wvb
Contents
163
nvZ Wvb Dii Dci _vKe, Wvb nvZi Avyjjv gywV Ki kvnv`vZ Avyjx ev ZRbx w`q Zvkvn` I `vqvi mgq
wKejvi w`K BwZ Kiv mybvZ| PvLi `w BwZ iZ ZRbxi w`K _vKe| `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ nj Zvkvn&ì ci ì` I `yAv
cvV KiZ ne| wZb ev Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ nj Zvkvn&` co DV ùvovZ ne| kl eVK Zvkvn&`, ì` I `yAv cvV KiZ
ne|
20. mvjvgi gvag mvjvZ kl KiZ ne| Wvb w`K gyL Nywiq ejZ ne Avm&mvjvgy AvjvBKzg Iqv
ivngvZzjvn Gici evg w`K gyL Nywiq ejZ ne Avm&mvjvgy AvjvBKzg Iqv ivngvZzjv n|
21. mvjvgi mv_ mv_ mvjvZ kl nq hvq| mvjvgi ci bvgvhi Avi Kvb Kg- dih, IqvwRe, mybvZ, gyvnve
wKQyB evKx _vK bv| mvjvgi ci gvmb~b whKi I `yAv c_K Bev`Z, hv Avgiv cieZxZ AvjvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avjvn|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
3. 1. 4. KqKwU wdKnx gZf` I weÀvZ SMov

Dcii Ges cieZx AvjvPbv _K Avgiv `Le h, mvjvZi Rb I mvjvZi ga gywgb mnmvwaK gvmb~b Bev`Z
cvjb Kib| Gwji AwaKvski Kvbv gZf` bB| mvgb KqKwU welq wbq dKxnMY gZf` KiQb| Gjvi
ga iqQ: (1) mvjvZ ùvovbv Aevq nq ivLvi vb, (2) m~iv dvwZnvi ci Avgxb ejvi Av ev Rvi ejv,
(3) iKzZ hvIqvi, iKz _K DVvi Ges ZZxq ivKAvZ DVvi mgq nq Dvjb Kiv, (4) mvR`v Kivi mgq Ges DV
ùvovbvi mgq nuvUz A_ev nvZ AvM bvgvbv ev DVvbv, (5) wZxq I PZz_ ivKAvZ ùvovbvi Avm mvgvb emv, (6) kl
eVK emvi mgq Wvb cvqi ev wbZî Dci emv Ges (7) bvix I cyili mvjvZ-cwZi cv_K| RvgvZ mvjvZi
Bgvgi wcQb gyv`xi KziAvb cvV, mvjvZzj Cì AwZwi ZvKexi, mvjvZzj Rvbvhvq m~iv dvwZnv cvV I mvjvZzj weZi
cwZ BZvw` welq gZf` we`gvb|
w
w
.a
ss
G welqjvi jYxq: (1) cwZwU welq Dfq gZi c nv`xm we`gvb, (2) mvnvex-ZvweqxMY I BgvgMY Gjvi
GKwU KgK Dg ejQb, wK wecixZ KgK KLbvB wbwl ejb wb, (3) Zuviv Gjv wbq gZf` KiQb, wbRi c
cgvY ck KiQb, wK KLbvB wfb gZi AbymvixK Aev Kib wb (4) gyv`xi m~iv dvwZnv cvV Qvov Ab mKj welqi
gZf` bdj-gymZvnve ev Dg-Abyg chvqi|
eZgvb avwgK gymwjgMY GK AciK G welqjv wbq Aev, Dcnvm, Aeg~jvqb I fqi kZvq wj nq cob|
GgbwK cKvk cvc wj gymwjgì Pq weivax gZi avwgK gymwjgì AwaK Aev ev NYv Kib| gnvb Avjvn Avgvì
kqZvbi Li _K iv Kib|
G eBq Avgiv wdKnx `wjjjv AvjvPbv KiZ cviwQ bv| Ze Avgiv `LwQ, Avjvni ejvqvZ jvfi AbZg
welq Avjvnii Rb gywgbìK fvjevmv Ges Aev, wnsmv-wel, Dcnvm BZvw` cwinvi Kiv| GRb mvwbZ cvVKi
wbgi welqjvi cwZ `w AvKlY KiwQ:
(1) mnmvwaK Kgi ga gv 8/10wU welq gZf` GKeviB iZnxb| hvw` 990wU welqi wgj bv `L ay
8/10 welqi Awgj Avcbvi `w KvoZ _vK Ze AvcbvK `wfwi wPwKrmv KiZ ne|
(2) gZf`xq cwZwU welq Dfq gZi c mnxn ev MnYhvM `jxj we`gvb| hviv Aci gZi `jxjK gvbm~L,
iwnZ ev `yej ej nP Kib Zviv A A_ev A-Abymvix| ivm~jyjv n -Gi ci mvnvex-ZvweqxMY _K G mKj Kg
cgvwYZ| KvRB G mKj gZf`xq welq wfb gZK evwZj ejj AMwYZ mvnvex-ZvweqxK evwZj ejv nq|
(3) Avgiv AbK mgq gb Kwi h, Kvbv nvbvdx gvhnve Abymvix hw` Avgxb Rvi ej ev ivdDj Bqv`vBb Ki
Ze Zvi gvhnve b ne ev Mvbvn ne| nvbvdx gvhnvei c_g 500 eQii Kvbv Bgvg ev dKxn Gic ejb wb| nvbvdx
gvhnvei c_g hyMjvi AbK dKxnB ivdDj Bqv`vBb KiZb, Bgvgi wcQb m~iv cvV KiZb ev Abyic wfbgZ cvjb
KiZb| gvhnveK gvb Kivi cvkvcvwk wekl Kvbv gvmAvjvq wfbgZ MnY Kij ev Kvbv mnxn nv`xm cq Avgj Kij
gvhnve b nq bv| Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) iwPZ Avj-wdKj AvKevi-Gi Abyev` I evLv M Avwg welqwU AvjvPbv
KiwQ|
(4) hviv mnxn nv`xm cvjb KiZ Pvb Zvì Ai mnxn nv`xm Abymvi ck nIqv Riix| h mKj welq GKvwaK
mnxn ev nvmvb nv`xm we`gvb m mKj welq wfbgZK KUv Kivi A_ ivm~jjy vn I mvnvexMYi cgvwYZ mybvZK KUv
Kiv|
(5) mnxn nv`xmK mnxnfve cvjb Kiv cqvRb| hgb iKz-mvR`v I ùvovbv-emvq axiwiZv ev Zv`xjyj AviKvb Ges
ivdDj Bqv`vBb Dfq welq mnxn nv`xm ewYZ; Ze Dfqi iZ wfb| Zv`xjyj AviKvb ZvM Kij ivm~jyjvn Avcw
KiQb| wK ivdDj Bqv`vBb ZvM Kij ivm~jjy vn ev mvnvexMY Kviv cwZ Avcw ev KUv KiQb ej Kvbv mnxn nv`xm
ewYZ nq wb| KvRB G welq KUv ev SMov Kij mnxn nv`xmi mwVK Avgj nq bv| ivm~jyjvn h KgK hZUzKz iZ
w`qQb Zvi Pq ewk ev Kg iZ Ìqv weÀvZi c_|
(6) G mKj gZf`xq welq mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi AvPwiZ mybvZ cwZ wbRi wbKU MnYhvM gZwU cvjb Kiv Ges
Contents
164
Ab gZK mvb Ki| hgb, h ew Av Avwgb ejb ev iKz-mvR`vi mgq nq DVvb bv wZwb Zvi gZi
ci mnxn nv`xmwUi Dci wbfi Kieb Ges hviv Rvi Avwgb ejb ev ivdDj Bqv`vBb Kib Zvì KgwUI mnxn nv`xm
ewYZ ej ^xKvi Kieb Ges KgwUi cwZ kv cvlY Kieb| KviY Zv ivm~jjy v n I mvnvexMY _K cgvwYZ| Aci
cKI GKBic wbR gZ cvjb I Aci gZi cwZ kveva cvlY KiZ ne| GZ Avgiv G welqK mybvZ cvjbi
cvkvcvwk Avjvni Rb fvjevmv bvgK gnvb Bev`Z cvjb KiZ cvie Ges DvZi ga `jv`wj mwi fqi cvc _K
euvPZ cvie| AvjvnB ZvIdxK `vZv|
3. 2. mvjvZB k whKi, gybvRvZ I `yAv

mvjvZ gnvb cwZcvjKi mv_ ev`vi mevP mshvM Ges ev`vi GKv gybvRvZ| i _K kl ch cyiv
mgqUvB g~jZ `yAvi mgq| Avjvni cksmv Kiv, ywZ MvIqv I cv_bv Kiv, GUvB Zv mvjvZ|
nv`xm kixd cyiv mvjvZKB gybvRvZ ejv nqQ| mnxn eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg I Abvb M msKwjZ nv`xm ivm~jyjvn
() ejQb:
om
(
)
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
hLb KD bvgvh _vK ZLb m Zvi cfiy mv_ gybvRvZ (Mvcb K_vevZvq) iZ _vK| KvRB Zvi fe `Lv
DwPZ wKfve Ges Kx ej m Zuvi mv_ gybvRvZ ev Avjvc KiQ|1
A_vr, bvgvhi me wKQz `q w`q Abyfe Ki I eyS cvV KiZ ne, bv eyS, Av`vh ev AgbvhvwMZvi mv_ bq|
mvjvZi cyiv mgqB ivm~jyjvn AZ AveMx I myì fvlvq `yAv KiZb| mvjvZ i KiB, ZvKexi Zvnixgvi
ciB wZwb wewfb mgq wewfb evK eenvi Ki `yAv KiZb| m~iv dvwZnv gvbe BwZnvmi gnvg cv_bv| Gici KziAvb
wZjvIqvZi mgq _g _g wZwb `yAv KiZb| iKzZ Zvmexni cvkvcvwk `yAv KiZb gvS gvS|
mvjvZi ga `yAvi AbZg k mgq mvR`vi mgq| mvR`v mvjvZi ga gnvb cfyi KvQ ev`vi mgcYi
P~ov chvq| mvR`v Avjvni mv_ ev`vi P~ov mshvM| gvbe Rxeb `yAv Keyji AbZg mgq mvR`vi mgq| ivm~jyjvn
AvgvìK G K_vB wkwLqQb| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb : ivm~jjy vn ejQb :
Kie|2
ev`v hLb mvR`vq iZ _vK ZLb m Zvi cfyi mePq wbKUeZx nq, KvRB Zvgiv G mgq ewk ewk `yAv
Ab nv`xm Beby Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n (IdvZ wèmi dRii mgq) Zuvi Nii c`v Zzj `Ljb
mvnvexMY Avey eKii (iv) wcQ KvZvie nq mvjvZ Av`vq KiQb| ZLb wZwb ejb:
.a
ss
w
w
n gvbyliv, beyqZi mymsev`jvi Avi wKQyB evwK _vKj bv, aygv bK ^c Qvov, hv gymwjg `L ev Zvi welq
`Lv nq| b ivL, AvgvK iKz I mvR`v Aevq KziAvb cvV KiZ wbla Kiv nqQ| iKz Aevq Zvgiv Zvgvì gnvb
cfyi ghv`v-evPK wZ cvV Kie| Avi mvR`v iZ Aevq Zvgiv Lye ewk Ki `yAv Kie, KviY G mgq Zvgvì `yAv
Keyj nIqvi mvebv LyeB ewk|3
Gfve Avgiv `LwQ h, mvjvZi ga mvbvi mgq, wZjvIqvZi mgq Ges wekl Ki mvR`vi mgq Ges
Zvkvn&ì ci `yAv-gybvRvZ Kiv ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi AvPwiZ I wb`wkZ mybvZ|
GLvb GKwU fyj aviYv Acbv`b Kiv AZxe cqvRb| KviY AbK mgq Avgiv AZvekZ gvhnveK mybv Zi
wecixZi ùvo Kivq Ges gvhnvei AhynvZ mybvZ cwiZvM Kwi ev A^xKvi Kwi| Gi GKwU eo bgybv mvjvZi ga `yAv
Kiv| AbK AZvekZ ejb: Avgvì gvhnve mvjvZi ga ev dih mvjvZi ga wbavwiZ Zvmexn-Zvnjxj I `yAv Qvov
Ab Kvbv `yAv Kiv hvq bv| aviYvwU AZvi cgvY Qvov wKQzB bq| nvbvdx gvhnvei g~j M, Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvi AbZg
Qv Bgvg gynvv` Bebyj nvmvb kvBevbxi Avj-gvem~Z M wZwb ejb:
:
Contents
165

.

.

om
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
mvjvZi ga `yAvi Aavq: Avwg (Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvK) ejjvg: ejyb Zv, hw` Kvbv gvbyl mvjvZi ga `yAv
Ki, Avi `yAvq Avjvni KvQ wihK Pvq ev myZ
v-wbivcv Pvq Zvnj wK Zvi mvjvZ f hve? wZwb (Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv)
ejb: bv, mvjvZ fve bv| Avwg ejjvg: KziAvbi mKj `yAv I KziAvbi `yAvi gZ mKj `yAvB wK Gic (G aibi Kvbv
`yAvZB wK mvjvZ fve bv?) wZwb ejb, nuv| Avwg ejjvg, hw` jvKwU ej: Avjvn AvgvK GKwU Kvco cwiq w`b,
AvgvK AgyK gwnjvi mv_ weevn w`b- Zvnj wK ne? wZwb ejb: Gjv gvbyli mv_ K_vevZv, Gic K_v ejj mvjvZ
f hve|
w
w
.a
ss
Avwg ejjvg: hw` m ej: n Avjvn, AvgvK mvwbZ Kib; n Avjvn, AvgvK wbqvgZ c`vb Kib; n Avjvn,
AvgvK RvbvZ cek Kivb; AvgvK Rvnvbvg _K iv Kib; n Avjvn, Avgvi KgKv mwVK Ki w`b; n Avjvn, AvgvK
Ges Avgvi wcZvgvZK gv Kib; n Avjvn, AvgvK ZvIdxK w`b Ges mwVK c_ cwiPvwjZ Kib; n Avjvn, mKj wZAgjK Avgvi _K mwiq wbb; Avwg gvbyl I wRbi wZ _K Avjvni Avkq MnY KiwQ; Avwg weZvwoZ kqZvb _K
Avjvni Avkq MnY KiwQ; Avwg KwVb wec`, fvMi wechq, Avgvi wec` kì Avb`jvfi Aev _K Avjvni Avkq
MnY KiwQ; n Avjvn, AvgvK Avcbvi Nii n Kivi Ges Avcbvi ivvq wRnv` Kivi gZv c`vb Kib; n Avjvn,
AvgvK Avcbvi I Avcbvi ivm~ji () AvbyMZi KvR eenvi Kib; n Avjvn, AvgvìK mZev`x evwbq w`b; n
Avjvn, AvgvìK cksmvKvix, Bev`ZKvix I KZ evwbq w`b; n Avjvn, AvgvìK wihK c`vb Kib Ges AvcwbB k
wihK`vZv- mvjvZi ga G mKj `yAv Kivi weavb Kx? wZwb ejb: Gjv meB myì| Gjvi Kvbv wKQzZB mvjvZ b
ne bv| Gjv meB Zv KziAvbi `yAv ev KziAvbi `yAvi mv_ wgjmb `yAv| mvjvZ Zv b nq gvbyli K_vevZvi gZ
K_v ejj|
Avwg ejjvg: Avcwb ejyb Zv, GKRb gvbyl GKvKx mybvZ-bdj mvjvZ Av`vqi mgq Rvnvbvgi K_v AvQ Ggb GKwU
AvqvZ AwZg (cvV) Kijv, ZLb m mLvb _g Mj Ges Avjvni KvQ Avkq Ges gv cv_bv Kijv- Zvi weavb Kx? wZwb
ejb: G Zv myì Kg| Avwg ejjvg: hw` RvgvZ mvjvZ BgvgwZ Kivi mgq Gic Ki? wZwb ejb: Bgvgi Rb Gic Kiv
Avwg AcQ` Kwi| Avwg ejjvg: hw` Kvbv Bgvg Gic Ki Zvnj Kx ne? wZwb ejb: Zvi mvjvZ cwic~Y ne (Gic Kiv
AcQ`bxq njI ZvZ mvjvZi Kvbv wZ ne bv)| Avwg ejjvg: ejyb Zv, Kvbv ew Bgvgi wcQb mvjvZ Av`vq KiQ
GgZvevq Bgvg RvbvZ, Rvnvbvg ev gZz welqK Kvbv m~iv cvV Kib, ZLb gyvwì Rb Rvnvbvg _K Avjvni Avkq PvIqv Ges
Avjvni KvQ RvbvZ cv_bv Kiv wK DwPZ ne? wZwb ejb: gyvw`ì Rb Pzc Ki keY KivB Avwg AwaK cQ` Kwi| Avwg
ejjvg: hw` KD Bgvgi wcQb mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Zvnj Bgvgi m~iv cvV kl nj mv`vKvjvn I evjvMvZ imyjy Avjvn mZ
ejQb Ges ivm~jMY cPvi KiQb ejv wK Zvi Rb AcQ`bxq? wZwb ejb: bxie keY KivB Avgvi ewk cQ`| Avwg ejjvg:
gyvw` hw` Gic ej Zvnj Kx mvjvZ f hve? wZwb ejb: bv, Zvi mvjvZ cwic~Y ne, Ze Gic bv ej bxie keY KivB
AwaK dhxjZ ev Dg| Avwg ejjvg: Bgvg hw` Kvwdiì AvjvPbv welqK Kvbv AvqvZ cvV Kib Zvnj gyvw`MYi Rb jv
Bjvn Bjvjv ejv wK DwPZ? wZwb ejb: bxie keY Kiv Avgvi KvQ AwaK cQ`bxq| Avwg ejjvg: hw` Zviv Gic ej Zvnj
Contents

Kx ne? wZwb ejb: Zvì mvjvZ cwic~Y ev ne|1
166
om
G `xN DwZi gvag Avgiv G welq Bgvg Avhgi cKZ gZ eySZ cviwQ| dih mvjvZ hnZz RvgvZ Av`vq KiZ
nq GRb h_vme wbavwiZ whK&i AvhKvi I `yAvi gvag Av`vq KivB Dg| GiciI KziAvb wZjvIqvZi mgq hw` Bgvg ev
gyv`x `yAv ev whKi-gybvRvZ Kib Zvnj Zv Aea ev wbwl bq| cvkvcvwk dih-bdj mKj mvjvZi ga KziAvbi `yAv ev
KziAvbi A_evaK `yAv cvV KivK Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv myì ev Dg ejQb| mybvZ, bdj, Zvnvy` BZvw` mvjvZi iZ,
wZjvIqvZi mgq, iKzZ, mvR`vq I kl Zvkvnì ci ewk ewk Ki `yAv KiZ ne| Zuvi G gZwU mybv Zi AvjvK
Rvi`vi| KviY Avgiv AwaKvsk nv`xmB `LZ cvB h, ivm~jjy vn () AwZwi `yAv mvaviYZ Zvnvy` BZvw` mybv Z ev bdj
mvjvZi ga ejZb| cZK gywgbi Rb Zuvi gbi mKj AveM, AvKzwZ, e`bv I cv_bv gnvb cfiy ìevi cki mevg
myhvM mvjvZ, weklZ mvR`vi Aevq| cw_exi Kvbv bZv hw` Avgvì ejZb, AgyK mgq Avgvi KvQ Ave`b Kij Avwg Zv
Keyj Kie, Zvnj Avgiv m mgqwUK menvi KiZ cvYcY Pv KiZvg| wK Avdmvm! gnvb iveyj Avjvgxbi G gnvb
myhvM Avgiv Aenjv Ki Gwoq PjwQ| Avgvì mKjiB DwPZ, h_vme gvmb~b `yAv gyL Ki mjv w`q mvR`vq `yAv
Kiv|
Avgiv GLvb mvjvZi ga mvR`vq I Zvkvn&ì cii KqKwU gvmb~b `yAv DjL Kie| GQvov Avgvi jLv
gybvRvZ I bvgvh eBwUZ cvVK Aviv AbK gvmb~b `yAv `LZ cveb|
.c
3. 3. mvjvZi c~e I mvjvZi Rb
un
na
ht
ru
st
BmwZbRv, Ih~, Mvmj, Avhvb, BKvgZ BZvw` welqjv mvjvZi mv_ AweQ`fve RwoZ| G welqK whKijv GLvb
DjL KiwQ|
3. 3. 1. Bwvi whK&i
whK&i bs 33: Bwvi c~ei whKi
.a
ss
DPviY: wemwgjv-n, Avjv-v, Bbx AvEhy weKv wgbvj Lyewy m Iqvj Lvev-Bwm|
A_: Avjvni bvg| n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ AcweZv, AKjvY, Lvivc Kg _K ev cyil I bvix
kqZvb _K|
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n Bwvi Rb Mgb Kij G `yAvwU cvV KiZb| mnxn eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg I Abvb
Mi nv`xm wemwgjvn Qvov `yAvwU ewYZ nqQ| gymvbvd Beby Avex kvBev M msKwjZ Ab nv`xm `yAvwUi iZ wemwgjvn
DjL Kiv nqQ|2
Kvbv Kvbv eYbvq G `yAvi kl Iqvk kvBZv-wbi ivRxg (Ges weZvwoZ kqZvb _K) K_vUzKz mshy| G mshywi mb`
`yej Zv iqQ|3
GQvov Ab nv`xm Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n () ejb:
w
w
Zvgvì KD hLb cKw Zi WvK wbRbvb Mgb Ki ZLb wRb- ì Pz _K Av`g-mvbì vi AveiY njv
wemwgjvn ejv|4
Bwvi mgq gyLi whK&i AbywPZ
Avgiv `LwQ h, mevevq gyL Avjvni whKi Kiv-B mybvZ| Ze `ywU Aevq gyL whK&i bv KivB DwPZ ej dKxnMY gZ
cKvk KiQb| c_gZ, Bwvq iZ _vKv Aev| AwaKvsk dKxn G Aevq gyL whK&i gvKin Zvbwhnx ev AbywPZ ej gZ cKvk
KiQb| Bgvg beex wjLQb : cvKwZK cqvRb mvivi mgq Kvbv cKvi Avjvni whK&i Kiv gvKin| Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, mvjvgi Di
c`vb, nuvwPi Di c`vb, nuvwP w`q Avj-nvg`y wjjvn ejv, Avhvbi Reve Ìqv BZvw` Kvbv cKvii whK&i gywgb G Aevq Ges ^vgxxi wgjb Aevq Kieb bv| hw` wZwb nuvwP `b Zvnj wRnv bv bo gb gb Avj-nvg`y wjjvn ejeb| GQvov cqvRb Qvov
K_vevZv ejvI G mgq gvKin| G `y Aevq K_vevZv ev whK&i gvKin Zvnixwg ev nvivg chvqi gvKin bq, eis gvKin Zvbhxnx ev
Contents
167
AbywPZ chvqi gvKin| G Aevq whK&i Kij Mvbvn ne bv, Ze whK&i bv KivB DwPZ| Bwvq iZ ewK mvjvg
c`vb KivI gvKin| AwaKvsk Bgvg I dKxni G gZ| Beby mxixb, Beivnxg bvLqx cgLy G gZi weivwaZv KiQb| Zviv G Aevq
whK&i, Zvmexn-Zvnjxj, mvjvgi Di BZvw` Rvqh ejQb|1
whK&i bs 34 : Bwvi cii whK&i:
DPviY : Mydiv-bvKv| A_ : Avcbvi gv cv_bv Kwi|

Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () Bwv kl ewiq Avmj G `yAvwU ejZb| nv`xmwU nvmvb| Kvbv Kvbv
hqxd m~ G evKwUi ci AwZwi wKQy evK ejv nqQ|2
3. 3. 2. Ih~ I Mvmji whK&i
whK&i bs 35: Ih~i c~ei whK&i
om
DPviY : wemwgjv-n| A_ev: wemwgjv-wni ivngv-wbi ivnxg|

A_: Avjvni bvg| A_ev cig KiYvgq `qvjy Avjvni bvg|
Ihyi c~e wemwgjv-n A_ev wemwgjv -wni ivngv-wbi ivnxg ejv mybvZ| GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ :
.c
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
Ih~i iZ h Avjvni bvg whK&i Kij bv Zvi Ih~ ne bv|3

Ih~i c~e wemwgjvn ejv Qvov Ab Kvbv gvmb~b whK&i bB| Avgvì `k AbK Ihyi c~e bvIqvBZz Avb... BZvw`
k Ih~i wbqvZ cvV Kib| wbqvZ A_ Dk ev BQv| h Kvbv Bev`Zi Rb Avjvni mwi Dk _vKv cqvRb| G
wbqvZ gvbyli Aii AfixY msK ev BQv, hv gvbylK D Kg AbycvwYZ KiQ| wbqvZ, Dk ev msK KiZ nq, ejZ
ev coZ nq bv| ivm~jjy v n () KLbv Rxeb GKwUevii RbI Ih~, Mvmj, mvjvZ, wmqvg BZvw` Kvbv Bev`Zi Rb Kvbv
cKvi wbqvZ gyL ejbwb| Zuvi mvnvexMY, ZveqxMY, Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (in)-mn Pvi Bgvg ev Ab Kvbv Bgvg KLbv Kvbv
Bev`Zi wbqvZ gyL ejbwb ev ejZ KvDK wb`k `bwb|
cieZx hyMi Kvbv Kvbv Avwjg Gjv evwbqQb| ZuvivI ejQb h, gyLi DPviY Riix bq, gbi wbqvZB g~j,
Ze Gjv gyL DPviY Kij gbi wbqvZ GKUz `p nq| GRb Gjv ejv fvj| Zuvì G fvj-K AbKB ^xKvi Kibwb|
gyRvw` Avjd mvbx Ihy, mvjvZ, wmqvg BZvw` h Kvbv Bev`Zi Rb gyL wbqvZ KivK Lvivc weÀvZ wnme wb`v KiQb
Ges Gi KVvi weivwaZv KiQb| KviY Gfve gyL wbqvZ ejvi gvag Avgiv ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMYi AvRxebi mybvZ
aygv gb gb wbqvZ Kiv-K cwiZvM KiwQ|4
Ih~ KivKvjxb whKii weavb
Ih~i iZ wemwgjvn ejvi ci Ih~ kl Kivi AvM Kvbv gvmb~b whK&i bB| avwgK gvbylì ga Ih~i ga
cZK A avqvi mgq wKQy wKQy `yAv cvVi iIqvh AvQ| Gjv meB evbvqvU `yAv| Bgvg bvevex, gyjv Avjx Kvix I Abvb
gynvwmMY my DjL KiQb h, Ih~i mgq wewfb A avqv ev gvm&n Kivi mgq h mKj `yAv cvV Kiv nq Zv meB gvDh~
ev evbvqvU wg_v nv`xm| ivm~jyjv n ev mvnvexMY _K G welq mnxn ev MnYhvM mb` GKwU `yAvI ewYZ nqwb|5
Kvb Kvb Avwjg I eyRMy G mKj `yAv MnY KiQb| G Zuvì hyw, gywgb h Kvbv mgq `yAv I whK&i
KiZ cvi| Kvbv mgq ev vb gvmb~b whK&i ev `yAv bv _vKj mLvb Avgiv Avgvì evbvbv `yAv KiZ cvwi| G mKj
`yAv bv-Rvqh ne bv|
K_vwU evnZ wVK njI Gi wfb GKwU w`K iqQ| gywgb mevevq whK&i ev `yAv KiZ cvib| wZwb gvmb~b k
QvovI wbRi evbvbv k `yAv I whK&i KiZ cvib, hw` Zvi A_ kixqZ-mZ nq| wK gywgb Kvbv gvmb~b Bev`Z ev
whK&i cwieZb KiZ cvib bv| G Qvov gvmb~b eZxZ Ab Kvbv whK&iK ixwZ wnme MnY KivI AbywPZ| GLvb KqKwU
Contents
168
om
welq j ivLv DwPZ :

c_gZ: h mKj Bev`Z ivm~jyjvn cvjb KiQb m mKj Bev`Zi ga evbvqvU whK&i cek Kivbv ivm~jjy vn
-Gi mybvZK Aev Kivi chvq wbq hZ cvi| hgb, mvjvZ, Avhvb, Ih~, nuvwP, BZvwì gvmb~b cwZ I whK&i wbavwiZ
iqQ| Gjvi ga wKQy ew Kivi A_ ivm~jyjvn hZUzKz wkwLqQb ZvZ Avgiv Z nZ cvijvg bv| A_ev GK_v gb
Kiv h, wZwb hZUzKz wkwLqQ ZZUzKz fvj, Ze AviKUz ewk Kij Zv Aviv fvj ne| G wPv LyeB Abvq|
Zvnj ck, nv`xm hZUzKz ewYZ AvQ Zvi ewk wK Avgiv `yAv KiZ cvie bv? G cki Di LyeB mnR| gvmb~b
Bev`Z, whK&i I `yAvi ga Avgiv Kvbv Kg-ewk Kie bv| GQvov ivm~jjy v n AvgvìK AwZwi `yAv, whK&i I Bev`Zi
mgq I myhvM wkv w`qQb, m mgq I myhvM Avgiv hZ Lywk ewk ewk `yAv I whK&i KiZ cvie|
D`vniY wnme mvjvZi DjL Kiv hvq| mvjvZ gywgbi Rxebi AbZg whK&i I Bev`Z| gywgb hZ BQv ewk mvjvZ
coZ cvib Ges cov DwPZ| Ze wZwb gvmb~b mvjvZi ga ew KiZ cvib bv| wZwb hvnii AvM ev ci Avmi ch hZ
BQv bdj mvjvZ coZ cvib| wK wZwb hvnii AvMi mybvZ mvjvZ ev cii mybvZ mvjvZ 6 ivKvZ coZ cvib bv| ivm~jjy vn
I Zuvi mvnvexMY AvRxeb Ih~ KiQb, wK Zuviv Ih~i mgq Kvbv whK&i ev `yAv cvV KiQb ej Kvbv wbfihvM mb`
ewYZ nqwb| G mgq `yAv ev whK&ii Kvbv dhxjZI Zuviv ejbwb| KvRB, G mgq weklfve Kvbv `yAv Kiv mybvZi my
Ljvd|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
wZxqZ: Ih~i mgq whK&i ev `yAv bv-Rvqh ev gvKin bq| gywgb G mgq gbi AveM nj Zvmexn Zvnjxj KiZ
cvib ev Kvbv welq gb coj m Rb `yAv KiZ cvib| nuvwP w`j Avj-nvg`y wjjvn ev KD nuvwP w`j Di
BqvinvgyKvjvn ejZ cvib, KvDK mvjvg w`Z cvib ev KD mvjvg w`j Di w`Z cvib| Gfve whK&i ev `yAv wZwb
Kij Zv bv-Rvqh ne bv| wK G mgqi Rb Kvbv `yAv ev whK&i wZwb ixwZ wnme MnY KiZ cvib bv| KviY ZvZ
ivm~jjy vn Gi ixwZ cwieZb Kiv ne Ges Zuvi mybv Z AvswkKfve b ne|
ZZxqZ: Avgvì gb ivLZ ne h, mybvZB wbivcv Ges mybv Zi evBi MjB fq| KvRB, GKv eva bv nq
mybvZi evBi Avgiv Kb hve? wewfb hywZK w`q Ljvd mybvZ KgK Rvqh Kivi Pq wewfb hywZK w`q wbRi gb I
cewK mybvZi ga Ave ivLv Dg bq wK? AMwYZ mybvZ whK&i, `yAv I Bev`Z Avgiv KiwQ bv, KiZ Pv ev AvMnI
KiwQ bv| A_P Ljvd mybvZ wKQy Kgi Rb Avgvì AvMn ewk| GUv wK mybv Zi gneZi cwiPvqK? gnvb Avjvn `qv
Ki Avgvì cewK mybvZi Aaxb Ki w`b ; Avgxb|
whK&i bs 36 : Ih~i cii whK&i-1

(

)

ss
DPviY : Avknv`y Avj& jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv- [Iqvn`v jv- kvixKv jv] Iqv Avknv`y Avbv gynvv`vb Ave`y Iqv
ivm~jy |
w
w
.a
A_ : Avwg mv c`vb KiwQ h, Avjvn Qvov Kvbv Dcvm bB [wZwb GKK, Zuvi Kvbv kixK bB] Ges mv
c`vb KiwQ h, gynvv` () Zuvi ev`v (`vm) I ivm~j (cwiZ evZvevnK)|
Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejQb, hw` KD myìfve Ges cwic~Yfve Ih~ Ki Gici D whK&i cvV Ki
Zvnj RvbvZi AvUwU ìRvB Zuvi Rb Lyj Ìqv ne, m h ìRv w`q BQv Kie RvbvZ cek KiZ cvie|1
DPviY : Avjv-vR& Avjbx wgbvZ ZvIqv-exb IqvR& Avjbx wgbvj gyZvZvn& wnixb|
A_ : n Avjvn Avcwb AvgvK ZvIevKvixMYi Af
y Kib Ges hviv iZ I c~YZv mnKvi cweZv ARb Kib
AvgvK Zuvì Af
y Kib|
c~eeZx whKii ciB G evKjv GKwU mnxn nv`xm ewYZ|2
DPviY : myenv-bvKv Avjv-v, Iqv wenvgw`Kv, Avknv`y Avj& jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- AvbZv, Avm&ZvMwdiKv, Iqv AvZey
Contents
169
BjvBKv|
A_: Avcbvi cweZv NvlYv KiwQ, n Avjvn, Ges Avcbvi cksmv vcb KiwQ| Avwg mv w`wQ, Avcwb Qvov Kvbv
Dcvm bB Ges Avwg Avcbvi KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ Ges Avcbvi KvQ ZvIev KiwQ|
Avey mvC` (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb, KD Ihyi ci G `yAvwU ejj Zv GKwU c wjL Zv gvnivwZ Ki
(Aviki wbP) ivLv ne| wKqvgZi AvM m gvni fvv ne bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
whKi bs 39: Ih~i ci ZvwnqvZzj Ih~
Ih~i ciB `y ivKAvZ mvjvZi iZ nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| myì I cwic~Yic Ih~i ci hLb gywgb mvjvZ cob
ZLb Zvi Mvbvn gv Kiv nq| DKev Beby Avwgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
h Kvbv gymwjg hw` myìfve Ih~ Kivi ci wbRi gb I gyL mvjvZi w`K wdwiq (`n-gbi Abyfw~ Z I
gbvhvM mnKvi) `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Ki, Ze Zvi Rb RvbvZ cvIbv nq hvq|2
G A_ Aviv AbK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ, hjvZ Ih~i ci gbvhvM-mn `y ivKAvZ mvjvZi Afvebxq cyivii
mymsev` iqQ|3
DjL h, Mvmji Rb c_K Kvbv gvmb~b whK&i bB| Ih~i AvM-ci cvjbxq whKijv Mvmji AvM-ciI
cvjbxq|4
3. 3. 3. Avhvb I BKvgZ
Avhvb Ìqv AZ iZcY~ I wekl dhxjZi Bev`Z| mKj gymwjgi DwPZ Avjvni mw I mvIqve ARbi Dk
myhvM cj mvjvZi Rb Avhvb Ìqv| mevevq Avgiv AwaKvsk gvbylB Avhvb w`Z cvwi bv, eis keY Kwi| AvgivI hb
AvhvbK K` Ki AMwYZ cyivi I eiKZ ARb KiZ cvwi m myhvM c`vb KiQb gnvb iveyj Avjvgxb|
AbK vb Avhvbi c~e gyqvhwhb wbR ev kvZvMY ì` mvjvg cvV Kib ev gyqvhwhb AvEhywejvn I wemwgjvn
ejb| Gjv mybv Z weivax Kg| G mKj KgK hviv cQ` Kib Zuvì hyw: AvEhywejvn- wemwgjvn ev ì` mvjvg cvV
Zv fvj KvR Ges KLbv bv-Rvqh bq|
K_vwU bZ hywmZ gb nq| wK GLvb mgmv Rvqh ev bv-Rvqh wbq bq, mybvZ wbq| mybv Z Abymvi mvnvexì
gZv Avhvb w`j wK Avgvì Kvbv Amyweav AvQ ? ZvZ wK Avgvì mvIqve Kg ne?
G mgq GmKj whK&i mybv Z-mZ bq, eis mybvZ weivax| ivm~jyjvn -Gi hyM cvq 10 eQi Zuvi gyqvhwhbMY Ges
Abvb AMwYZ gyqvhwhb gymwjg Rbc`jvZ Avhvb w`qQb| Zuvi ci mvnvexMYi hyM kZeQi ai AMwYZ gyqvhwhb Avhvb
w`qQb| Zuviv KD KLbv GKwUeviI Avhvbi AvM ev ci AvEhywejvn, wemwgjvn ev ì` cvV Ki bbwb; hwÌ Gjvi
dhxjZ Zuviv RvbZb| GRb Gjv Avhvbi AvM bv ejvB mybvZ| ejj mybvZ eRb Kiv ne| ivm~jjy vn -Gi mybvZK QvU
Kiv ne| gb Kiv ne h, Zuvi kLvbv I AvPwiZ Avhvbi ga GKUz KgwZ iq MQ, ZvB iZ Gjv hy Ki ZvK c~YZv
Ìqv njv|
GmKj gvmb~b whK&i ev Bev`Zi mv_ Kvbv iKg mshywi fqven cwiYwZ mybvZi gZz I AcmviY| hw` Kvbv
GjvKvq KqK eQi hver AvEhywejvn, wemwgjvn ej A_ev ì` cvV Ki Avhvb Ìqv nq Ze GKmgq Gjv Avhvbi Ask
cwiYZ ne| ZLb hw` KD Gjv ev` e ivm~jjy v n -Gi hyMi gZv Avhvb c`vb Kib, Zvnj ZvK Lvivc gb Kiv ne,
Zvi AvhvbK Am~Y ej gb Kiv ne I mgvjvPbv Kiv ne| hw` KD ej GjvZv Avhvbi Ask bq; Zvnj ejv ne
AvgivI ejwQ bv h, Gjv Avhvbi Ask, Ze Gjv ejv fvj, Gjvi dhxjZ AvQ, Kb m Gjv eje bv? ... BZvw`|
Gfve GKmgq Avgvì Avhvb I ivm~jyjvn -Gi Avhvb wfb iKgi nq hve| mybvZ gZz eiY Kie, mybv ZK NYv Kiv ne Ges
Am~Y ej gb Kiv ne|
whK&i bs 40 : Avhvbi RvIqve
wewfb nv`xm wb`k Ìqv nqQ, gyqvhwhb Avhvb hv hv ejeb kvZvI Zv-B ejeb| Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn ejb:
Contents
170
1
hLb Zvgiv gyqvhwhbK (Avhvb w`Z) be, ZLb m hv ej Z`c eje|
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, Avgiv ivm~jjy vn -Gi KvQ wQjvg| ZLb wejvj (iv) Avhvb w`jb| Avhvb kl ivm~jyjv n
() ejjb:
G ew (gyqvhwhb) hv ejj, Zv hw` KD `p wekvmi mv_ ej Zvnj m RvbvZ cek Kie| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
Dcii nv`xm`ywU _K eySv hvq h, gyqvhwhb hv ejeb, Di AweKj ZvB ejv ne| Kvbv ewZg ejZ ejv nqwb|
Ze Dgvi (iv) ewYZ nv`xm ivm~jyjv n G GKwU ewZg wkv w`qQb- gyqvhwhb nvBqv Avjvm mvjvn I nvBqv Avjvj
dvjvn ejj, kvZv jv nvIjv Iqv jv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn ejeb| G nv`xm wZwb Aviv ejb:

...
Gfve h ew gyqvhwhbi mv_ mv_ Avhvbi evKjv Ai _K eje, m RvbvZ cek Kie|3
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
Avgvì `ki GKwU ej cPwjZ ixwZ, dRii Avhvbi mgq hLb gyqvhwhb Avm-mvjvZz LvBig wgbvb bvEg
ejb, ZLb kvZv mv`vKZv I evwiiZv (eviviZv) A_vr, Zzwg mZ ejQ Ges cyY KiQ ejb| Avhvbi Reve G K_vwU
Ljvd mybvZ| Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx, gyjv Avjx Kvix I Abvb gynvwm ejQb h, Avhvbi Reve G evKwU evbvqvU,
gvIh~ I wfwnxb| Kvbv mnxn ev hqxd mb` ivm~jyjv n () ev Kvbv mvnvex _K GB `yAvwU ewYZ nqwb| g~jZ kvdqx
gvhnvei Kvbv Kvbv dKxn wbRi gb _K G evKwUK G mgq ejvi Rb gbvbxZ Kib| cieZx hyM Zv Abvb
gvhnvei AbK Avwjg MnY KiQb|4
G mKj Avwjg G evKwUK G mgq ejv cQ`bxq ej gb KiQb| KviY, Avm-mvjvZz LvBig wgbvb bvEg
evKi A_i mv_ G K_vwU mvgmc~Y| wK G KqKwU mgmv iqQ:
c_gZ, GZ ivm~jjy vn -Gi wb`ki weivwaZv Kiv nQ| KviY Dcii nv`xmjvZ wZwb AvgvìK AweKj
gyqvhwhbi Abyic ejZ wb`k w`qQb| GKgv nvBqv Avjv ... -Gi mgq Qvov Ab Kvbv ewZg wZwb wkv `bwb| G
mKj nv`xmi wb`k h, GKgv G ewZg Qvov e gyqvhwhbi gZB ejZ ne| gyqvhwhb hLb Avm-mvjvZz LvBig wgbvb
bvEg ejeb, ZLb kvZvI AweKj Zv-B ejeb| Gi ewZg Kij Dcii nv`xmjv c~Yic gvb Kiv ne bv|
wZxqZ, GZ BQvq ev AwbQvq mybvZ beexi cwZ Aev Kiv nQ| KviY Avhvb Ìqv I Avhvbi Reve Ìqv
ivm~jyjvn KZK AvPwiZ I kLvbv GKwU AZ Riwi I cwZw`b eevi cvjb Kivi gZ Bev`Z| wZwb mywbw`fve Avhvb I
Avhvbi Di c`vbi cwZ mvnvexMYK wkwLqQb Ges Zuviv Zv cvjb KiQb| wZwb Avhvbi Di G evKwU ejb wb ev kLvb
wb| mvnvexMYI ejb wb| GLvb A_i mvgmZvi K_vI Zuviv Abyfe Kib wb| Zuvì ci Avgiv Kx-fve GKwU gvmb~b
Bev`Zi ga cwieZb cwieab KiZ cvwi? Kx RbB-ev Kie? AweKj Zuvì gZv Avhvbi Reve w`j wK Avgvì mvIqve Kg
ne? bv mfve Reve w`Z Avgvì Kvbv KwVb evav ev Amyweav AvQ?
wcq cvVK, mybv Zi ga _vKv Avgvì wbivcv| mybvZi evBi Kvbv Bev`Z Zwi Ki Avgiv wKfve eySe h Zv
Avjvn Keyj Kieb? Avjvn AvgvìK mybv Zi ga _vKvi ZwdK c`vb Kib ; Avgxb|
whK&i bs 41 : gyqvhwhbi kvnv`Zi Rb wekl whK&i
w
w

( )
DPviY: [Iqv Avbv] Avk&nv`y Avj jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv-, Iqvn`v, jv- kvixKv jv, Iqv Avbv gynvv`vb Ave`y Iqv
ivm~jy | ivxZz wejv-wn ivevb, Iqv wej Bmjv-wg `xbvb, Iqv wegynvvw`b bvweqvb|
A_ : Ges AvwgI mv w`wQ h, Avjvn Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi Kvbv kixK bB| Ges gynvv`
() Zuvi ev`v I ivm~j| Avwg Zz I m AvjvnK cfy wnmve, BmjvgK xb wnmve Ges gynvv`K () bex wnmve
(wekvm I MnY Ki)|
mv` Beby Avex Iqvvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb: h ew gyAvhwhbK b G evKjv eje Zvi mKj cvc gv
Contents
171
Kiv ne|
whK&i bs 42 : Avhvbi ci ì` cvV
Avyjv n Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:

hLb Zvgiv gyqvhwhbK Avhvb w`Z be, ZLb m hic ej Z`c eje| Gici Avgvi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kie
; KviY h ew Avgvi Dci GKevi mvjvZ cvV Kie, Avjvn ZuvK `kevi mvjvZ (ingZ) c`vb Kieb| Gici Avgvi Rb
Imxjv PvBe ; KviY Imxjv RvbvZi mevP vb, Avjvni GKRb gv ev`vB G ghv`v jvf Kieb Ges Avwg Avkv Kwi
AvwgB ne mB ev`v| h ew Avgvi Rb Imxjv cv_bv Kie, Zuvi Rb kvdvqvZ cvc nq hve|2
whK&i bs 43: Avhvbi ci Imxjvi `yAv
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY : Avjv-v, ivev nv-whwn` `vA&IqvwZZ Zv-vwZ Iqvm ^vjv-wZj Kv-wqgvwZ, Av-wZ gynvv`vb AvjIqvmxjvZv Iqvj dv`xjvZv, IqveAvm gvKv-gvg gvngy`vwbj&jvhx Iqv`Zv|
A_: n Avjvn, G cwic~Y Avnvb Ges cwZwZ mvjvZi gvwjK, Avcwb c`vb Kib gynvv` -K Imxjv (bKU) Ges
gnv ghv`v Ges ZuvK DbxZ Kib mvwbZ Aevb, hv Avcwb ZuvK Iqv`v KiQb|
Imxjv A_ bKU| RvbvZi mevP i hv Avjvni Aviki mePq wbKUeZx ZvK Imxjv ejv nq| G vbwU Avjvni
GKRb ev`vi Rb wbavwiZ, wZwbB gynvv` | Rvwei Beby Avyjv n (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb, gyqvhwhbi Avhvb b h
ew Dcii evKjv eje, Zuvi Rb wKqvgZi w`b Avgvi kvdvAvZ cvIbv nq hve|3
Avhvbi `yAvi ga `ywU evKvsk AwZwi ejv nq hv mnxn mb` ewYZ bq| c_gZ: ( : Iqvj dv`xjvZv)-i
ci ( Ges myEP ghv`v) ejv nq| wZxq: G `yAvi kl: (wbq Avcwb Iqv`v f Kib
bv) ejv| G wZxq evKwU GKwU `yej mb` ewYZ nv`xm DjL Kiv nqQ|4 Avi c_g evKwU (Iqv`-`vivRvZvi ivdxAvn)
GKeviB wfwnxb|
Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx, mvLvex, hviKvbx, Avjx Kvix cgLy gynvwm ejQb h, G evKwU (Iqv`-`vivRvZvi ivdxqvn)
evbvqvU I wfwnxb| gvmb~b `yAvi ga G wfwnxb evKwU ew Kiv mybvZ weivax I Abvq|5
w
w
.a
ss
Avhvbi ci ì` cvV, Imxjvi `yAv cvV I wbRi Rb `yAv PvIqv meB ewMZfve gb gb Av`vq Kiv mybv Z|
Gjv mk ev mgeZfve Av`vq Kiv Ljvd mybv Z| Avhvbi ci gvBK Imxjvi `yAv cvV Kivi A_ wgbvi ùvwoq Avhvb
w`q Avhvbi ci wVK Avhvbi gZv wPrKvi Ki `yAv cvV, hv mybvZ weivax|
Gfve `yAv cvVi ixwZ cPjbi dj Avhvbi ci ì` cvVi mybvZ I Avhvbi ci Imxjvi `yAv gb gb cvVi
mybvZi gZy NUQ| mevcwi GKwU bZzb weÀvZ RbMnY Kie| wKQyw`b ci `Lv hve, hw` KD AweKj wejvj (iv) I
Abvb mvnvexMYi gZv Avhvb Rvi `b Ges cii `yAv g`y k ev gb gb cvV Kib ZLb gvbyl ejZ _vKe, Avnv,
`yAvUv coj bv! Gfve ivm~jyjv n -Gi mgqKvi Avhvb Zvì wbKU Am~Y Avhvb ej cwZcb ne|
whKi bs 44: BKvgZ-Gi evKvewj
BKvgZ evKwj wKfve ejZ ne? AweKj Avhvbi gZ `yevi Ki? bv ay GKevi Ki? G wbq Avgvì mgvR
gymwjgMY SMov I weZK wj nb| A_P Dfq welqB mnxn nv`xm viv cgvwYZ Ges Kvbv welqB gvhnve wbwl bq|
gynvwmMY I gvhnvei BgvgMY G mKj g~jZ GKwU nv`xmK AwaK MnYhvM ej MY KiQb| Ab nv`xm wb`wkZ
Avgj Zuviv nvivg ev bv-Rvqh ejb wb, eis Abyg ej MY KiQb| GKvwaK mnxn nv`xm ewYZ h, Avhvbi evKjv
`yevi Ki Ges BKvgZi evKjv GKevi Ki ejZ ne| ay Kv` KvgvwZm mvjvZ `yevi ejZ ne| hgb GK nv`xm
Avbvm (iv) ejb:
Contents
( )
172
wejvj (iv)-K Avhbi evKjv Rvovq Rvovq Ges BKvgZi evKjv eRvo ejZ wb`k Ìqv nq
(ivm~jyjvn wb`k `b), ay Kv` KvgvwZm mvjvZ ev`|1
Aciw`K BKvgZi kwjK Avhvbi gZ Rvovq Rvovq ejvI KqKwU mnxn nv`xm cgvwYZ| GKwU nv`xm
Zvweqx Avyi ivngvb Beb Avex jvBjv ejb, AvgvìK mvnvexMY ejQb, Avyjvn Beb hvB` (iv) Avhvb I BKvgZi
eYbvq ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
wZwb Rvov evK Avhvb `b Ges Rvov evK BKvgZ `b| kvBL bvwmixb Avjevbx ejb: nv`xmwU mb`
AZ we ( |) G A_ Abvb mnxn ev nvmvb nv`xm we`gvb|2
h welqjvZ Dfq gZi c MnYhvM nv`xm we`gvb m Pvi Bgvg I mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi ixwZ Dfq Avgj ea
ejv, A_ev GKwUK AMMY Kiv, wbRi gZi c `wjj ck Kiv, wK Ab gZwUK Aea bv ejv| weklZ G aibi welq
SMov Kiv ev AcicK nq Kiv KziAvb-nv`xm wbwl nvivg Kg Ges Gic nvivg KgK `xb gb Kiv ev `xbi bvg Gic Kg
Kiv GKwU KwVb nvivg weÀvZ|
whKi bs 45: BKvgZi Reve
BKvgZKI nv`xm Avhvb ejv nqQ| GRb BKvgZ bjI Avhvbi gZv Reve Ìqv DwPZ| gyqvhwhb hv
ejeb, ZvB ejZ ne| nvBqv Avjv..-Gi mgq jv nvIjv... ejZ ne| Dcii nv`xmjvi AvjvK Kv` KvgvwZm
mvjvn evKqI gyqvhwhbi Abyic ejv cqvRb| GKwU `yej nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, ivm~jyjvn () GKevi gyqvhwhbi
Kv` KvgvwZm mvjvn ejZ b ejwQjb :
Avjvn GK cwZwZ Kib Ges vqx Kib| evwK Reve Avhvbi Revei wbqg c`vb Kib|3
3. 4. mvjvZi whKi
w
w
.a
ss
3. 4. 1. mvbv I wZjvIqvZKvjxb whK&i

mvjvZi iZ ZvKexi Zvnixgvi ciB h `yAv ev whK&i cvV Kiv nq ZvK Avgiv mvbv ewj| G mgq ivm~jjy v n
wewfb AveMgq ggkx `yAv I whK&i cvV KiZb| Gjvi ga _K GKwUgv `yAv Avgiv mvbv wnmve cvV Kwi| nvbvdx
gvhnvei BgvgMY dih mvjvZi G mvbv I wZxq mvbvwU cvV KiZ ejQb| mybvZ-bdj mvjvZi mKj gvmb~b
mvbv cvV Kiv hvq| G mKj gvmb~b mvbv A_mn gyL Ki wewfb mgq wewfb mvbv cvV Kij mvjvZi gbvhvM, I AvwiKZv
envj _vK| bBj gymjx Affve Lqvj bv KiB KLb mvbv co kl Kib Zv UiI cvb bv| GLvb mvbvi KqKwU `yAv
wjLwQ|
whK&i bs 46: mvbvi `yAv-1
DPviY: myenv-bvKvjv-v, Iqv wenvgw`Kv, Iqv Zvev-ivKvmgyKv, Iqv ZvAv-jv- RvyKv, Iqv jv- Bjv-nv MvBiKv|
A_: Avcbvi cweZv NvlYv KiwQ, n Avjvn, Ges Avcbvi cksmvmn| Avi gnveiKZgq Avcbvi bvg, myDP
Avcbvi ghv`v| Avi Kvbv gvey` bB Avcwb Qvov| ivm~jyjv n mvjvZi iZ GK_vjv ejZb|4
Contents
173
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: IqvvnZz IqvRwnqv wjjvhx dvZvivm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Avi`v nvbxdvI Iqv gv- Avbv wgbvj gykwiKxb|
Bbv ^vjv-Zx Iqv bym~Kx Iqv gvnBqv-Bqv Iqv gvgv-Zx wjjv-wn ivwej Avjvgxb| jv- kvixKv jv, Iqv wehv-wjKv DwgiZz, Iqv
Avbv wgbvj gymwjgxb| Avjv-v, AvbZv ivex, Iqv Avbv Ave`yKv| hvjvgZz bvdmx, IqvA-ZvivdZz wehvbex, dvMwdijx
hyb~ex Rvwgqvb; Bbv jv- BqvMwdih hyb~ev Bjv-AvbZv| Iqvn&w`bx wjAvnmvwbj AvLjv-K; jv- Bqvn&`x wjAvnmvwbnv- BjvAvbZv| Iqvmwid Avbx mvBwqAvnv- jv- Bqvmwidz Avbx mvBwqAvnv- Bjv- AvbZv| jvevBKv Iqv mvA&`vBKv| Iqvj LvBi
Kzj dx Bqv`vBKv| Iqvk-kvii jvBmv BjvBKv| Avbv weKv Iqv BjvBKv| Zvev-ivKZv Iqv ZvAv-jvBZv| Avm&ZvMwdiKv
Iqv AvZey BjvBKv|
A_: Avwg my`pfve Avgvi gyLgj wbe KiwQ Zuvi w`K whwb mw KiQb Avmgvb I Rwgb Ges Avwg wkiK wj
gvbylì Af
y bB| wbq Avgvi mvjvZ, Avgvi Kzievwb-Bev`Z, Avgvi Rxeb I Avgvi giY Avjvni RbB, wZwb gnvweki
cwZcvjK cfy| Zuvi Kvbv kixK bB| Ges G RbB AvgvK Av`k Kiv nqQ| Ges Avwg AvZmgcYKvixMYi GKRb| n
Avjvn, AvcwbB mgvU| Avcwb Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB| Avcwb Avgvi cfy Ges Avwg Avcbvi `vm| Avwg AZvPvi KiwQ Avgvi
AvZvi Dci Ges Avwg Avgvi cvc ^xKvi KiwQ| AZGe Avcwb Avgvi mKj cvc gv Ki w`b| wbq Avcwb Qvov KD cvc
gv KiZ cvi bv| Avi Avcwb cwiPvwjZ Kib AvgvK Dg AvPiYi c_, Avcwb Qvov KD Dg AvPiYi c_ cwiPvwjZ
KiZ cvi bv| Avi Avcwb AvgvK Lvivc AvPiY _K `~i ivLyb, Avcwb Qvov Avi KD Lvivc AvPiY _K `~i ivLZ cvi
bv| Avcbvi WvK Avwg mvov c`vb KiwQ, Avwg mvb` mvov c`vb KiwQ| mKj KjvY Avcbvi nvZ Ges AKjvY Avcbvi w`K
bq| Avwg AvcbviB mvnvh I AvcbviB w`K| gnv eiKZgq Avcwb Ges mygnvb Avcwb| Avwg Avcbvi KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ
Ges AvcbviB w`K cZveZb (ZvIev) KiwQ |
Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n mvjvZ i Ki GK_v ejZb|1
nvbvdx ghnvei dKxnMY dih mvjvZi mvbv G `ywUi ga mxgve ivLv Dg ej gZ cKvk KiQb| Ze nvbvdx
wdKni AwaKvsk M Avbv wgbvj gymwjgxb ch DjL Kiv nqQ| Bgvg Avey BDm~d (in) `ywU mvbv GK cZK
mvjvZi iZ cvV Kiv Dg I gymZvnve ej DjL KiQb|2
Rvqbvgvhi `yAv Ljvd mybvZ
Avgvì `k wZxq mvbvwU Rvqbvgvhi `yAv ej cPwjZ| mvjvZ i Kivi AvM Rvqbvgvh ev mvjvZi vb ùvwoq
GB `yAvwU cvV Kivi ixwZ mybvZ weivax| ivm~jyjvn mUv ZvKexi Zvnixgvi ci cvV KiQb| GKw`bI wZwb ZvKexi
Zvnixgvi AvM Zv cvV Kibwb| Avgvì BgvgMYI ZvKexi Zvnixgvi ci cvV Kiv mybvZ ejQb| A_P Avgiv ivm~jyjv n Gi mybvZ I BgvgMYi gZvgZi Zvqvv bv Ki gbMovfve G `yAvwUK ZvKexi Zvnixgvi AvMB co wbwQ|
cieZx hyMi Kvbv Kvbv dKxn G `yAvwU ZvKexi Zvnixgvi AvM cov hve ej gZ cKvk KiQb| Zuviv ejQb, G
`yAvi A_i w`K j iL cvV Kij mvjvZi ga Avjvni RbB mvjvZ cov-Gi `p BQv Aviv `pZi nq| Gfve evbvqvU
hyw w`q hw` Avgiv mvjvZi Rb Ljvd mybvZ ixwZ Zwi KiZ _vwK Zvnj GKw`b ivm~jyjvn -Gi cwZi mvjvZ AcwiwPZ
nq hve| ivm~jjy vn mvjvZi ga kl eVK mvjvZ ev ì` cvVi ixwZ wkv w`qQb| GLb Avgiv wK mvjvZ Keyj ne
hyw w`q Zv ev` w`q mvjvZi ZvKexi Zvnixgvi AvM ì` cvVi ixwZ Pvjy Kie? ivm~jyjv n PvL gj mvjvZ covi ixwZ
Pvjy KiQb| Avgiv wK gbvhvM ewi hywZ PvLeyR mvjvZi ixwZ Pvjy Kie?
KLb Kvb& `yAv coj mePq ewk fvj ne Zv wZwbB RvbZb Ges wkwLqQb| Avgvì `vwqZ AweKj Zuvi
AbymiY Kiv| Avjvn Avgvì mybv Zi ga Z _vKvi ZvIdxK `vb Kib; Avgxb|
Contents
174
om
DPviY: Avjv-v, ev-B` evBbx Iqv evBbv LvZv -Bqv-Bqv Kvgv- ev-Av`&Zv evBbvj gvkwiwK Iqvj gvMwie| Avjvv, bvwbx wgbvj LvZv-Bqv- Kvgv- BDbvvm mvIeyj Ave&Bqv`y wgbv` `vbvm| Avjv -vMwmj LvZv-Bqv-Bqv wejgv-B Iqvm
mvj&wR Iqvj eviv`|
A_ : n Avjvn, Avcwb `~iZ mw Ki w`b Avgvi I Avgvi cvci ga hgb `~iZ Avcwb iLQb c~e I cwgi
ga (AvgvK mKj cKvi cvc _K kZ hvRb `~i _vKvi ZvIdxK c`vb Kib)| n Avjvn, Avcwb AvgvK cwiQb I cwe
Kib cvc _K, hgbfve cwiQb Kiv nq aeae mv`v KvcoK gqjv _K| n Avjvn Avcwb aZ Kib Avgvi cvcivkx
cvwb, eid Ges Zzlvi-wkjv viv (Avgvi `qK cvcgyw I Ab ckvw c`vb Kib)|
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n mvjvZ ùvwoq ZvKexi Zvnixgvi ci wKivAvZi Kivi AvM A mgq Pzc Ki
_vKZb| Avwg ejjvg: n Avjvni ivm~j, Avgvi wcZvgvZv Avcbvi Rb Kzievwb nvK, Avcwb ZvKexi Zvnixgv I wKivAvZi
gaeZx mgq bxie _vKb, G mgq Avcwb Kx ejb? wZwb ejjb, Avwg G mgq ewj: (Dcii evKjv)|1
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY: Avjv-v, ivev wReiv-Cj Iqv gxKv-Cj Iqv Bmiv-dxj, dv-wZivm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Aviw, Av-wjgvj
MvBwe Iqvknv-`vwZ, Avb&Zv Zvn&Kzgy evBbv Bev-w`Kv dxgv- Kv-b~ dxwn BqvL&Zvwjdb, Bn&w`bx wjgvL&Zzwjdv dxwn wgbvj nvw
weBh&wbKv BbvKv Zvn&`x gvb& Zvkv-D Bjv wîvwZg& gym&Zvxg|
A_ : n Avjvn, wReivCj, wgKvCj I Bmivdxji cf,y Avmgvbmg~n I cw_exi mv, `k I A`ki vbx, Avcbvi
ev`viv h mKj welq wbq gZf` KiZ Zvì ga m welq AvcwbB dqmvjv c`vb Kieb| h mKj welq mZ ev n
wbaviY gZf` nqQ m mKj welq Avcwb Avcbvi AbygwZZ AvgvK mwVK c_ cwiPvwjZ Kib| Avcwb hvK BQv Kib
ZvK wmivZzj gyvwKg cwiPvwjZ Kib|
Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ivZi (Zvnvyì) mvjvZi iZ G `yAvwU cvV KiZb|2
DjL h, cZK MelK, Avwjg, gydZx I mZmvbx gywgbi DwPZ Zvnvyì iZ, mvR`vq I Abvb mKj mgq G
`yAvwU ewk ewk cvV Kiv| wbRi MelYv, Bjg ev Ab Kvbv wKQzi Dci cyivcywi wbfi bv Ki gnvb Avjvni KvQ G `yAvi
gvag c_wb`kbv PvIqv LyeB cqvRb|
whK&i bs 50: mvjvZi wZjvIqvZ Kvjxb whKi
Avgiv `LwQ h, KziAvbB Avjvni k whKi| mvjvZ ùvovbv Aevq KziAvb wZjvIqvZ g~j whKi| GQvov Zvnvyì
mvjvZ ivm~jyjv n wZjvIqvZi duvK duvK `yAv KiZb ej wewfb nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| Avgiv `LwQ h, Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv
dih mvjvZ I RvgvZ mvjvZI Bgvg I gyv`xì Rb Gic `yAv Kivi AbygwZ w`qQb, hw` Gfve `yAv bv Ki KziAvb
wZjvIqvZ ev keYi k whKi e _vKvKB Dg ej MY KiQb| Ze Zvnvyì mvjvZ ev GKvKx mvjvZ Gfve
wZjvIqvZi gvS gvS `yAv Kiv iZc~Y mybv Z Ges mvjvZi Ly ev gbvhvM ewZ AZ mnvqK| ivm~jyjvn mvaviY
wZjvIqvZ-KZ AvqvZi A_i wfwZ `yAv KiZb| GLvb GKwU mvaviY `yAv DZ KiwQ|
Contents
175
evKi (iv) I Dgvi (iv) Dfqi mv_ gmwR` cek Kib| Avyjvn Beb gvmE` (iv) ZLb m~iv wbmv cvV
KiwQjb| wZwb m~iv wbmvi 100 AvqvZ cuQ mvjvZ `vqgvb Aevq `yAv KiZ i Kijb| ZLb ivm~jjy vn wZb evi
ejjb: Zzwg `yAv Ki Zvgvi `yAv Keyj ne| ZLb Avyjvn Beb gvmE` (iv) G K_vjv ej `yAv Kib| nv`xmwU nvmvb|1
Zvnvyì mvjvZ KziAvb cvVi mgq, mvjvZi ga, mvjvgi AvM, ci I mKj mgq G `yAvwU cvV Kiv DwPZ|
3. 4. 2. iKzi whKi
Avgiv Dci DjwLZ nv`xm `LwQ h, ivm~jjy vn ejQb, AvgvK iKz I mvR`v Aevq KziAvb cvV KiZ
wbla Kiv nqQ| iKz Aevq Zvgiv Zvgvì gnvb cfyi ghv`v-evPK wZ cvV Kie| iKzZ Avjvni Zvhxg cKvki Rb
ivm~jjy vn AbK cKvi evK eenvi KiZb I KiZ wkv w`qQb| Zba AbZg:
whK&i bs 51 : iKzi whK&i-1
.c
om
DPviY: myenv-bv ivweqvj Avhxg (Iqv wenvgw`nx)|

A_: gnvcwe Avgvi gnvb cfy (Ges Zuvi cksmv-mn)|
gbi AveM wbq G NvlYv evi evi w`Z ne| Kgc 3 evi G Zvmexn cvV Kiv ivm~jyjvn Gi AvPwiZ I
wb`wkZ Kg| AwaKvsk eYbvq mye&nvbv ivweqvj Avhxg Ges Kvbv Kvbv nv`xm myevnvbv ivweqvj Avhxg Iqv
wenvgw`nx ewYZ nqQ|2
un
na
ht
ru
st
DPviY I A_: c~ee Zx Aavqi whKi bs 7 è| Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn iKz I mvR`vq GwU cvV KiZb|3
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY: Avj-v jvKv ivKvA&Zz Iqv weKv Av-gvbZz Iqv jvKv Avm&jvgZz, LvkvAv jvKv mvgB Iqv evmvix Iqv gyLLx
Iqv Avhgx Iqv Avmvex|
A_: n Avjvn, AvcbviB Rb iKz KiwQ, Ges Avcbvi DciB Cgvb GbwQ Ges AvcbviB KvQ mgwcZ nqwQ|
fwZ AebZ nqQ Avcbvi Rb Avgvi keY, Avgvi `w, Avgvi gw, Avgvi Aw I Avgvi v qyZ|
Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn iKzZ G K_vjv ejZb|4
whKi bs 54: iKz _K DVvi whKi
iKz _K DVvi mgq ejZ nq: () : mvwgqvjv wjgvb nvwg`vn, A_vr keY (Keyj) Kib Avjvn h Zvi
cksmv Ki| G evKK Zvmgx ev keYi NvlYv ejv nq| ^fveZB G K_vi ci Avjvni cksmv Kiv Avgvì `vwqZ nq hvq|
GRb iKz _K DVvi ci Zvngx` ev Avjvni cksmvvcb wewfb evK ejZ wkwLqQb ivm~jyjv n ()|
GKv mvjvZ Av`vqKvix Zvmgx Ges Zvngx` Dfq evKB ejeb| gyv`xMY Bgvgi Zvmgx b Zvngx` ev
cksmvvcK evK ejeb| mvgvb gZf` iqQ Bgvgi Zvngx` ejv wbq| Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn)-Gi gZ Bgvg ay Zvmgx
ejeb, Zvngx` ejeb bv| cvi Zuvi `y Qv nvbvdx gvhnvei Ab `y Bgvg, Ave~ BDm~d (ivn) I gynvv` (ivn) Gi gZ
BgvgI Zvmgx ejvi ci Zvngx` ejeb|5
mKj BgvgB nv`xmi Dci wbfi KiQb| Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb|

.

.

Contents
176
G nv`xmi wfwZ Bgvg Avhg (ivn) ejQb h, Bgvg ay mvwgAvjvn... ejeb Ges gyv`x ivebv...
ejeb| cvi nvbvdx gvhnvei Ab `y Bgvg Ave~ BDm~d (ivn) I gynvv` (ivn) Bgvg I gyv`x mKjKB G K_v ejZ wb`k
w`qQb| Zuvì gZi `jxjjv nvbvdx wdKni MjvZ wevwiZ AvjvPbv Kiv nqQ| msc Zv wbgic:
(1) wewfb nv`xm cgvY nqQ h, ivm~jyjv n () mvwgqvjv wjgvb nvwg`vn ejvi ci ivevbv jvKvj nvg`....
ejZb| G mKj my nv`xm _K cgvY nq Bgvg `ywU evKB ejeb| Dcii nv`xmi A_, mvjvZi wbqg mKj welq
Bgvgi AbymiY Kiv| GRb Bgvg ZvKexi ejj gyv`xìI ZvKexi ejZ nq, wK G Bgvg mvwgqvjv wjgvb
nvwg`vn ejZ Zvgiv Zvi AbymiY Ki mvwgAvjv ... bv ej ivevbv ... eje| Bgvg ivevbv... eje wK bv m welqwU
G nv`xm ejv nq wb, wK Abvb nv`xm _K Zv Rvbv hvq|1
(2) GKwU nv`xm ivm~jyjv n () ejQb: Bgvg Iqvjv-vqvjxb ejj Zvgiv Avgxb eje| G nv`xmi wfwZ
Bgvg gvwjK (ivn) ejQb ay gyv`xMY Avgxb ejeb, Bgvg Zv ejeb bv| Bgvg gvwjKi `jxjwUi welq hv ejv nq,
GLvbI m K_vjv chvR|2
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
(3) Bgvg nvmvb Beby whqv` jyjqy x (in) Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) _K eYbv KiQb h, wZwbI Bgvgi Rb
mvwgqvjv wjgvb nvwg`vn ejvi ci ivevbv jvKvj nvg` ejZ ejQb|3
(4) Avjx (iv), Avyjvn Beby gvmE` (iv) cgLy mvnvex ejQb h, Bgvg ivevbv jvKvj nvg` eje Pzc Pzc ev
4
wbg^ i|
(5) mvjvZi ga Ggb Kvbv whKi bB hv ay gyv`x eje wK Bgvg ejZ cvie bv| Gic Kij Bgvgi ghv`v
evnZ nq Ges h Kg dhxjZ I mvIqve iqQ m Kg _K BgvgK ewZ Kiv nq|5
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvi (ivn) gZi c nvbvdx dKxnMY ejQb h, ivm~jyjvn () mvwgAvjvn... I ivevbv jvKj
`ywU evKB ejZb ej h mKj nv`xm ewYZ nqQ mwjK Zvnvy` I bdj mvjvZ welqK ej aiZ ne|6 Zuvì G
evLvi KqKwU `yejZv iqQ:
(1) G mKj nv`xmi evwnK A_ cgvY Ki h, ivm~jyjvn () dih I bdj mKj mvjvZB Gfve `ywU evKB ejZb|
evwnK A_ evwZj Kivi Kvbv KviYI bB| Kvbv nv`xmB ivm~jjy v n () Bgvgi Rb ivevbv jvKj nvg` ejZ wbla Kib
wb, GgbwK Kvbv nv`xmB ewYZ nq wb h, wZwb Kvbvw`b ay mvwgAvjv wjgvb nvwg`vn ejQb wK ivevbv jvKvj nvg` ejb
wb| wb`k I Kgi, GKvwaK Kg ev GKvwaK wb`ki ga evwnK ecixZ _vKj mLvb mg^qi cqvRb nq|
(2) wewfb mnxn nv`xm viv cgvwYZ h, ivm~jyjvn () BgvgwZi mgqI `ywU evKB ejZb| GK nv`xm Avyjvn
Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb:
ss
...

w
w
.a
ivm~jjy v n () mvjvZyj dvRii kl ivKAvZ iKz _K DV mvwgAvjv wjgvb nvwg`vn ivevbv Iqv jvKvj nvg` ejvi ci
ejZb...|7
GQvov mvnvexMY _K wewfb nv`xm cgvwYZ h, Zuviv BgvgwZi mgq `y cKvii evKB ejZb| GRb mybvZi
AvjvK Bgvg Ave~ BDm~d I gynvv` (ivn)-Gi gZB G Dg| gvhnvei Bgvgì gZf`K wfw Ki cgvwYZ mybvZ
evLv Ki evwZj bv Ki Bgvgì gZf`K cgvwYZ mybv Z MnY Kivi wfw wnme MY Kiv DwPZ|
whK&i bs 55: iKzi ci `vqgvb Aevi whK&i-1

( ) /

( )
DPviY I A_: wewfb mnxn nv`xm evKwU Pvifve ewYZ:

(1) ivevbv- jvKvj nvg`: n Avgvì cfy, Avcbvi RbB cksmv|
(2) ivevbv- Iqv jvKvj nvg`: n Avgvì cfy, Ges Avcbvi RbB cksmv|
Contents
177
(3) Avjv-v ivevbv- jvKvj nvg`| n Avjvn, Avgvì cf,y Avcbvi RbB cksmv|
(4) Avjv-v ivevbv- Iq jvKvj nvg`| n Avjvn, Avgvì cfy, Ges Avcbvi RbB cksmv|
iKz _K DV cwic~Y mvRv nq ùvovbvi ci KqK gyn~Z cwic~Y mvRv `vqgvb _vKv IqvwRe| cwic~Y mvRv nq
ùvovbvi AvMB mvR`v Kij mvjvZ b nq hve| Gmgq Dcii evKwU ejZ ne| PviwU evKi h Kvbv evK ejjB mybvZ
Av`vq ne| GKK mgq GKK evK ejvB Dg| nvbvdx dKxnMY 4_ evKwUK mevg ej MY KiQb| cwm nvbvdx dKxn
Avjvgv Beby byRvBg (970 wn) ejb:
:
:
:
:

om
iKz _K DV Zvngx` ev nvg` cvV ejZ PviwU evKi h Kvbv GKwU ejv eySvq| gyRZvev M ejv nqQ, PviwUi
ga mevwaK dhxjZc~Y evK Avjvv ivevbv Iqv jvKvj nvg`| Gici Avjvv ivevbv jvKvj nvg`| Gici ivevbv Iqv
jvKvj nvg`| mekl ev dhxjZ mewbg njv mePq cwiwPZ evKwU: ivevbv jvKvj nvg`|1
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY: Avjv-v ivevbv- jvKvj nvg`y wgjAvm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqv wgjAvj Aviw` Iqv wgjAv gv- evBbvgv, Iqv
wgjAv gv- wkZv wgb kvBwqb evA&`y|
A_: n Avjvn, Avgvì cfy, Avcbvi RbB cksmv, AvKvkmg~n cwic~Y Ki, cw_ex cwic~Y Ki, Dfqi ga hv
wKQy AvQ me cwic~Y Ki Ges Gici Avcwb hv wKQy BQv Kib Zv cwic~Y Ki cksmv Avcbvi|
Beby Avex AvDdv, Beby Avevm, Avjx (iv) I Abvb mvnvex ejb, ivm~jjy vn iKz _K DV ùvwoq G evKjv
ejZb|2
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY: Avjv-v, ivevbv- jvKvj nvg`y, wgjAvm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqv wgjAvj Aviw` Iqv wgjAv gv- evBbvgv, Iqv
wgjAv gv- wkZv wgb kvBwqb evA&`, Avn&jvm& mvbv-B Iqvj gvR&w`| jv- gv-wbAv wjgv- AvA&ZvBZv, Iqvjv- gyA&wZqv wjgvgvbvA&Zv, Iqvjv- Bqvb&dvD hvj Rvw wgbKvj Rvy|
A_: n Avjvn, Avgvì cfy, Avcbvi RbB cksmv, AvKvkmg~n cwic~Y Ki, cw_ex cwic~Y Ki, Dfqi ga hv wKQy
AvQ me cwic~Y Ki Ges Gici Avcwb hv wKQy BQv Kib Zv cwic~Y Ki cksmv Avcbvi| mKj ghv`v I cksmvi gvwjK
AvcwbB| Avcwb hv c`vb Kib Zv KD iva KiZ cvi bv| Avi Avcwb hv iva Kib Zv KD c`vb KiZ cvi bv|
Aaemvqxi Aaemvq I cwikgKvixi cwikg Avcbvi cwieZ (Avcbvi BQvi evBi) Zvi Kvbv DcKvi Avm bv|3
DPviY: ivevbv- Iqv jvKvj nvg`y, nvg`vb Kvmxivb ZvBwqevb gyev-ivKvb dxwn|
A_: n Avgvì cf,y Ges AvcbviB cksmv, Akl cksmv, cwe I eiKZgq cksmv|
widvAvn Beby ivwd (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn GKewK iKzi ci G evKjv ejZ b Lye cksmv Ki ejb:
Avwg `Ljvg wki AwaK wdwikZv evKjv wjL bqvi Rb cvjv w`Q|4
3. 4. 3. mvR`vi whKi
BZvc~e wewfb nv`xm _K Avgiv RbwQ h, mvR`vi ga Avjvni Zvmexn I ghv`v cKvk Ges ewk ewk `yAv
Kiv cqvRb|
whK&i bs 59: mvR`vi whKi-1
Contents
178
DPviY : mye&nv-bv ivweqvj AvA&jv- (Iqv wenvgw`nx)|
A_: gnvcwe Avgvi cfy whwb mevP (Ges Zuvi cksmv-mn)|
gbi AveM wbq G NvlYv evi evi w`Z ne| Kgc 3 evi G Zvmexn cvV Kiv ivm~jyjvn Gi AvPwiZ I
wb`wkZ Kg| AwaKvsk eYbvq mye&nvbv ivweqvj Avjv Ges Kvbv Kvbv nv`xm myevnvbv ivweqvj Avjv Iqv wenvgw`nx
ewYZ nqQ|1
Dci DjL KiwQ h wZwb mye~b Kz~mby iveyj gvjvBKwZ Iqvi in iKz I mvRv`vq ejZb|
G Aavqi iZ Avgiv `LwQ h, mvR`v Aevq ewk ewk `yAv KiZ ivm~jyjvn wb`k w`qQb| G M wewfb
Kg ev Dcj h mKj gvmb~b `yAv DjL Kiv nqQ mjv meB mvR`vq cvV Kiv hvq| G Qvov KziAvb I nv`xmi h Kvbv
`yAv ev Gjvi A_evaK h Kvbv `yAv mvR`vq cvV Kiv hvq| GLvb ivm~jyjvn h mKj `yAv cvV KiZb mjv _K
KqKwU DjL KiwQ| Dcii whKiwU wZbevi ejvi ci G mKj `y&Av ev Abvb `yAv cvV Kieb|
.

:
om
DPviY : Avjv-vM& wdi jx hv^x Kzjv, w`v Iqv wRjv, Iqv AvDAvjv Iqv Av-wLiv, Iqv Avjv-wbqvZv Iqv
wmiiv|
un
na
ht
ru
st
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb: ivm~jjy vn mvR`vi ga ejZb...|2

.c
A_ : n Avjvn, Avcwb gv Kib Avgvi mKj cvc, QvU cvc, eo cvc, c_g cvc, kl cvc, cKvk cvc, Mvcb
cvc|
( )
ss
DPviY : Avjv-v, (Bbx) AvEhy wewi`v-Kv wgb mvLvwZK, Iqv we gyAv-dv-wZKv wgb DKevwZKv, Iqv AvEhy weKv
wgbKv, jv- Dnmx mvbv-Avb AvjvBKv| AvbZv Kvgv- AvmbvBZv Avjv- bvdwmKv|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi va _K Avcbvi mwi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ Ges Avcbvi kvw _K Avcbvi gvi
Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| Ges Avwg Avkq cv_bv KiwQ Avcbvi KvQ Avcbvi _K| Avwg Avcbvi cksmv Ki kl KiZ cvwi
bv| Avcwb wVK Zgwb hgb Avcwb Avcbvi wbRi cksmv KiQb|
Avqkv (iv) ejb, Avwg GK ivZ ivm~jyjvn -K weQvbvq cjvg bv| (AKvi) Avwg ZvK LuyRjvg| ZLb Avgvi nvZ
Zvi cvqi ZvjyZ jvMj| wZwb ZLb mvR`vq wQjb I cv `ywU Lvov wQj| wZwb ejwQjb..|3
.a
w
w
(
)

(

)
DPviY: AvjvvR&-Avj dx Kvjex b~ivb, Iqvdx mvgqx b~ivb, Iqvdx ev^vix b~ivb, Iqv Avb Bqvgxbx b~ivb, Iqv Avb
wkgvjx b~ivb, Iqv Avgv-gx b~ivb, Iqv Lvjdx b~ivb, Iqv dvIKx b~ivb, Iqv Zvn&Zx b~ivb, IqvR&-Avj jx b~ivb, IqvR&-Avjbx b~ivb,
IqvR&Avj dx bvd&mx b~ivb, Iqv dx Avmvex b~ivb, Iqvdx jvn&gx b~ivb, Iqvdx `vgx b~ivb, Iqvdx kvA&ix b~ivb, Iqvdx evkvix b~ivb,
Avjvv, AvA&wZbx b~ivb|
A_: n Avjvn Avcwb c`vb Kib Avgvi Ai b~i, Avgvi keY b~i, Avgvi `wZ b~i, Avgvi Wvb b~i, Avgvi evg b~i,
Avgvi mvgb b~i, Avgvi wcQb b~i, Avgvi Dci b~i, Avgvi wbP b~i, Avcwb Avgvi Rb b~i `vb Kib, Avcwb AvgvK b~i evwbq
w`b| c`vb Kib Avgvi bdm b~i, Avgvi v qyZ b~i, Avgvi gvsm b~i, Avgvi i b~i, Avgvi Pzj-ckg b~i, Avgvi Pvgovq b~i| n
Contents
179
Avjvn AvgvK c`vb Kib b~i|

ivm~jjy vn () mvjvZi ga ev mvR`vq G `yAvwU ejb|1
whK&i bs 63: `yB mvR`vi gaeZx whK&i-1
DPviY : ivweM&-wdijx, ivweM&-wdijx|

A_: n cfy AvgvK gv Kib, n cfy, AvgvK gv Kib|
hvBdv (iv) ejb, bexRx `y mvR`vi gvS em Dcii `yAvwU ejZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
whK&i bs 64: `yB mvR`vi gaeZx whK&i-2
( ) ( )

.c
om
DPviY: ivweM&-wdijx, Iqvinvgbx, IqvReyibx, Iqvnw`bx, IqvihyKbx [Iqvi dvA&bx] (IqvAv-wdbx)|

A_: n Avgvi cfy, Avcwb AvgvK gv Kib, AvgvK ingZ Kib, AvgvK c~YZv w`b, AvgvK n`vqvZ w`b, AvgvK
wiwhK w`b [Ges AvgvK myDP Kib] {Ges AvgvK myZv-wbivcv `vb Kib}|
ivm~jyjvn `y mvRv`vi gvS em G `yAv ejZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
un
na
ht
ru
st
3. 4. 4. Zvkvn&` I eVKi whKi

Zvkvn` (AvvwnqvZz) I mvjvZ (ì`) Avgiv mKjB Rvwb| Ze A_ DjL Kivi Rb GLvb Zv wjLwQ| Avkv
KiwQ, Kvbv AvMnx cvVK A_ wkL wbq gbvhvM w`q Zvkvn` I mvjvZ cvV Kieb|
whK&i bs 65: Zvkvn` (AvZ-ZvwnqvZ)
wewfb mvnvex _K Zvkvn` ewYZ| Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb, Avgiv ivm~jyjv n -Gi wcQ mvjvZ Av`vqi mgq emj
ejZvg: Avjvni Dci mvjvg, wdwikZvMYi Dci mvjvg, AgyKi Dci mvjvg, ...| ivm~jyjvn GKw`b AvgvìK ejjb :
AvjvnB mvjvg (KvRB, ZuvK mvjvg c`vb Kiv wVK bq)| AZGe, Zvgiv hLb mvjvZi ga eme ZLb eje :
(

)

(

)

w
w
.a
ss
A_: ghv`vvcb-Awfev`b Avjvni Rb Ges Bev`Z-cv_bv Ges cwe Kg I `vbmg~n (meB Avjvni Rb)| mvjvg
Avcbvi Dci, n bex; Ges Avjvni ingZ I Zuvi eiKZmg~n| mvjvg Avgvì Dci Ges Avjvni bKKvi ev`vi Dci|
(ivm~jjy v n ejb: G K_v ejj Avmgvb I hwgb Avjvni mKj bK ev`vKB mvjvg Ìqv nq hve) Avwg mv c`vb KiwQ h,
Avjvn Qvov Kvbv Dcvm bB| Ges mv w`wQ h, gynvv` Zuvi ev`v (`vm) I ivm~j (cwiZ evZvevnK)| (ivm~jjy v n
4
ejb: Gici gymjx wbRi Rb cQ`gZv cv _bv ev `yAv Kie|)
Zvkvn&ì ci mvjvgi c~e `yAvi iZ Avgiv RbwQ| G mgqi `yAv Avgiv `yAv gvmyiv bvg Rvwb| `yAvi AvM
ivm~jyjvn -Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV KiZ ne| dz`vjvn Beby DevB` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn GK ewK mvjvZi ga `yAv
KiZ bb, A_P jvKwU Avjvni ghv`v NvlYv I ivm~jyjvn -Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kiwb| ZLb wZwb ejb :

...

jvKwU Zvovov KiQ| hLb KD mvjvZ Av`vq Ki ZLb hb m c_g Zvi cfyi cksmv I YKxZb Ki| Gici
Contents
180
1
m bexi () Dci mvjvZ cvV Kie| Gici Zvi BQvgZ `yAv Kie| nv`xmwU mnxn|
G mgq Avgiv mevB ì` Beivnxwg cvV Kwi| mvjvZ ev ìì A_ I evKvejx Avgiv BZvc~e AvjvPbv
KiwQ| A_i w`K j iL ivm~jyjvn -Gi ghv`v I ni cwZ AveM I fvjevmv wbq Zvkvnì kl mvjvZ cvV Kiv
Avgvì GKv KZe| Gici wbRi Rb wbgi `yAvjv _K Kvbv `yAv ev KziAvb ev nv`xmi h Kvbv `yAv ev Gjvi
A_i h Kvbv `yAv cvV KiZ ne|
whK&i bs 66 : `yAv gvm~i-1
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: Avjv-v, Avwjd evBbv Kzjywebv-, Iqv Avmwjn hv-Zv evBwbbv-, Iqvn&w`bv- myeyjvm mvjv-g, Iqv bvwbvwgbvh hyjygv-wZ Bjvb b~i| Iqv Rvwbebvj dvIqv-wnkv gv hvnviv wgbnv- Iqv gv- evZvb| Iqv ev-wiK jvbv- dx Avmgv-Bbv-,
Iqv Avemv-wibv-, Iqv Kzjywebv-, Iqv AvhIqv-wRbv, Iqv hyiwiqv-wZbv-| Iqv Zze AvjvBbv-, BbvKv AvbZvZ ZvIqv-eyi
ivnxg| IqvR& Avjbv- kv-wKixbv wjwbgvwZKv, gymbxbv wenv- Kvwejxnv, Iqv AvZwggnv- AvjvBbv-|
A_ : n Avjvn, Avcwb Avgvì Aii ga ciii cwZ fvjevmv I mcxwZ mw Ki w`b| Avcwb Avgvì ga
mymK I mnv` c`vb Kib| Avcwb AvgvìK kvwi c_ cwiPvwjZ Kib, AvgvìK AKvi _K gy Ki Avjvq wbq
Avmyb, AvgvìK cKvk I AcKvk mKj AkxjZv _K iv Kib| Avcwb Avgvì keYh, Avgvì `wkwZ, Avgvì
Ai, Avgvì `vZ mxMYi ga Ges Avgvì mvbMYi ga eiKZ c`vb Kib| Avcwb Avgvì ZIev Keyj Kib|
wbq Avcwb ZIev KeyjKvix cig KiYvgq| Avcwb AvgvìK Avcbvi wbqvgZi KZZv Av`vqi, wbqvgZi Rb Avcbvi
cksmv Kivi Ges wbqvgZK mmvb MnY Kivi ZvIdxK c`vb Kib Ges Avcwb Avgvì Rb c` Avcbvi wbqvgZK c~Y
Kib|
Avyjv n Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n AvgvìK Zvkvnì ci `yAvi G evKjv kLvZb| nv`xmwUi
mb` mnxn|2
ss
w
w
.a
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx AvEhy weKv wgb Avhv-we Rvnvbvg, Iqv wgb Avhv-wej ve&wi, Iqv wgb wdZbvwZj gvn&Bqv
Iqvj gvgv-wZ Iqv wgb kvi&wi wdZbvwZj gvmxwn`& `vv-j|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Avkq PvB- Rvnvbvgi Avhve _K, Keii Avhve _K, RvMwZK Rxebi I
gZyi wdZbv (cixv ev wec`) _K Ges `vvji Agj _K|
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb, Zvgiv hLb Zvkvn` kl Kie, ZLb PviwU welq _K Avjvni
wbKU Avkq cv_bv Ki (G `yAvwU) eje|3
DPviY: Avjv-vM&wdi jx gv- KvvgZz Iqvgv- AvL&Lvi&Zz Iqvgv- Avmivi&Zz Iqvgv- Avjvb&Zz Iqvgv- AvmivdZz IqvgvAvbZv Avjvgy wenx wgbx| AvbZvj gyKvwgy Iqv AvbZvj gyAvL&wLi jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- AvbZv|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb gv Ki `b Avgvi AvMi cvc, cii cvc, Mvcb cvc, cKvk cvc, Avgvi evovevwo Ges
h mKj cvci K_v Avcwb Avgvi Pq ekx Rvbb| AvcwbB AMeZx Kib Ges AvcwbB wcwQq `b| Avcwb Qvov Kvb
Dcvm bB|
Contents

Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () bvgvhi kl Zvkvn&` I mvjvgi gaeZx mgq G K_vjv ejZb|1
181
DPviY: Avjv-v Bbx hvjvg&Zz bvd&mx hyjgvb Kvmxivb Iqvjv- BqvMwdih hyb~ev Bjv- AvbZv, dvMwdi&jx gvMwdivZvb
wgb Bbw`Kv Iqvi&nvgbx BbvKv AvbZvj Mvdii& ivnxg|
A_: n Avjvn! Avwg wbRi Dci AbK hyjyg KiwQ, Avi Avcwb Qvov bvnmg~n KDB gv Ki bv, myZivs Avcwb wbR
Y AvgvK gv Ki w`b Ges AvgvK ing Kib, Avcwb eoB gvkxj I cig`qvjy|
Avey evK&i (iv) ivm~jyjv n ()-K ejb, AvgvK GKwU `yAv wkwLq w`b hv Avwg bvgvhi ga coe, ZLb wZwb G `yAvwU
wkwLq `b|2
om
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY: Avjv-v, weBjwgKvj MvBev Iqv K`y i& vwZKv Avjvj Lvj&w, Avn&wqbx gv- Avwjg&Zvj nvqv-Zv LvBivjx,
Iqv ZvIqvd&dvbx Bhv- Avwjg&Zvj Iqvdv-Zv LvBivjx, Avjv-v, Iqv Avm&AvjyKv Lvk&BqvZvKv wdj MvBwe Iqvk kvnv`vwZ,
Iqv Avm&AvjyKv KvwjgvZvj nvKwK wdi wiv- Iqvj Mvvwe, Iqv Avm&AvjyKvj Kvm&`v wdj dvK&wi Iqvj wMbv- Iqv Avm&AvjyKv
bvqxgvb jv- Bqvb&dv`y, Iqv Avm&AvjyKv Kiy &ivZv AvBwbb jv- Zvb&KvwZD, Iqv Avm&AvjyKvi wiv- evA&`vj Kvv-, Iqv
Avm&AvjyKv evi&`vj AvBwk evA&`vj gvDwZ, Iqv Avm&AvjyKv jvh&hvZvb bvhvwi Bjv IqvR&wnKv Iqvk& kvIKv Bjv- wjKv-wqKv dx
MvBwi vi&iv-Av gywi&ivwZb Iqvjv- wdZ&bvwZb gywjvwZb| Avjv-v, hvBwqbv- wehxbvwZj Cgv-wb IqvR&Avjbv `v-Zvg
gyn&Zv`xb|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcbvi MvBex Bjgi Imxjv w`q Ges Avcbvi mwi gZvi Amxjv w`q (cv_bv KiwQ), Avcwb
AvgvK RxweZ ivLyb hZY Avcwb Rvbeb h, Rxeb Avgvi Rb Dg| Ges Avcwb AvgvK gZz `vb Kib hLb Avcwb
Rvbeb h, gZz Avgvi Rb Dg| n Avjvn, Avi Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvwQ Mvcb Ges cKvk Avcbvi fxwZ| Ges Avwg
Avcbvi KvQ PvwQ gag cv `vwi` Ges mQjZvq| Ges Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvwQ Adzi bqvgZ| Ges Avwg Avcbvi KvQ
PvwQ AwewQb kvw-Zw| Ges Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvwQ ZvKìi (cKvk cvIqvi) ci mw| Ges Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvwQ
gZzi ci kvwgq Rxeb| Ges Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvwQ Avcbvi cwe gyLgji cwZ `wcvZi Avb`, Ges Avcbvi mv_
mvvZi AvMn, mKj wZKi cwZK~jZv Ges wevwKi wdZbv-dvmv` nZ wegy _K| n Avjvn, Avcwb AvgvìK
m`hgq Kib Cgvbi m`h Ges AvgvìK evwbq w`b myc_cv c_c`kbKvix|
Zvweqx mvBe Beby gvwjK ejb, GKw`b Avvi Beby Bqvmvi (iv) AvgvìK bvgvh covjb| wZwb msc bvgvh
covjb| ZLb RvgvZ DcwZ KD KD ejj, Avcwb mscB bvgvh covjb| ZLb wZwb ejjb, Avwg G bvgvhi ga
Ggb wKQz `yAv KiwQ hjv Avwg ivm~jyjv n () _K bwQ| G ej wZwb Dcii `yAvwU ZvìK wkwLq `b| nv`xmwU
mnxn|3
GLvb Avvi (iv) RvgvZ bvgvhi ga G `vqvwU cvV KiQb| GZ Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, dih I Abvb
bvgvhi ga mvR`vq ev Zvkvn&ì ci `yAv gvmyivq G gybvRvZ cvV Kiv gvmb~b|
Contents
182

(
)

(
)
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx Avm&AvjyKv wgbvj LvBwi Kzwjnx, Av-wRwjnx Iqv AvwRwjnx, gv- Avwjg&Zz wgb& Iqvgv- jvg&
AvA&jvg| Iqv AvEhy weKv wgbvk& kvi&wi Kzwjnx gv- Avwjg&Zz wgb& Iqvgv- jvg& AvA&jvg|| Avjv-v, Bbx Avm&AvjyKv wgb LvBwi
gv- mvAvjvKv Ave&`yKv Iqv bvweqyKv (gynvv`yb ), Iqv AvEhy weKv wgb kvi&wi gv Av-hv wenx Ave&`yKv Iqv bvweqyKv (gynvv`yb
)| Avjv-v, Bbx Avm&AvjyKvj RvbvZv Iqvgv- Kvi&ivev BjvBnv- wgb KvIwjb AvI Avgvj| Iqv AvEhy weKv wgbvb bv-wi IqvgvKvi&ivev BjvBnv wgb KvIwjb AvI Avgvj| Iqv Avm&AvjyKv gv- KvvBZv jx wgb Avg&wib Avb ZvR&Avjv Av-wKevZv ivkv`vb|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvB mKj KjvY _K: wbKUeZx KjvY, `~ieZx KjvY, Avwg h KjvY mK
AeMZ AvwQ Ges Avwg h KjvY mK AeMZ bB| Avi Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ mKj AKjvY _K: wbKUeZx AKjvY,
`~ieZx AKjvY, Avwg h AKjvY mK AeMZ AvwQ Ges Avwg h AKjvY mK AeMZ bB| n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi KvQ m
mKj KjvY PvB h mKj KjvY PqQb Avcbvi KvQ Avcbvi ev`v Ges Avcbvi bex (gynvv` )| n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi
KvQ Avkq PvB m mKj AKjvY _K h mKj AKjvY _K Avcbvi Avkq PqQb Avcbvi ev`v Ges Avcbvi bex (gynvv`
)| n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvB RvbvZ Ges RvbvZi wbKU wbq hvq Gic mKj K_v ev KvRi ZvIdxK| Ges Avwg
Avcbvi Avkq PvB Rvnvbvg _K Ges mB me K_v ev KvR _K hv Rvnvbvgi KvQ wbq hvq| Avi Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cv_bv Kwi
h, Avcwb Avgvi Rb hv wKQz fvM wbaviY KiQb me wKQzi P~ov cwiYwZ Avgvi Rb gjgq KjvYKi Ki w`b|
Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ZuvK G `yAvwU wkv `b| Ab eYbvq wZwb ejb, wZwb mvjvZ iZ wQjb| ZLb
ivm~jyjvn () ejb, Zzwg c~Y evKvewj eenvi Kie| mvjvZi ci wZwb G welq ck Kij wZwb ZvK G `yAvwU wkwLq `b|
Ab nv`xm Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () Zvkvn&ì ci cvVi Rb G cKvii `yAv wkv `b|1
G mgq cvVi Rb Aviv AbK `yAv mybvZ beexZ wkv Ìqv nqQ| GmKj gvmb~b `yAv wkv Ki A_i
w`K j iL Zviv `yAv Kiv Avgì KZe| GQvov G eBqi Abvb vb hZ gvmb~b `yAv jLv nqQ Ges KziAvb
nv`xm _K h Kvbv `yAv gymjx mvjvZi ga Ges mvjvgi c~e coZ cvib|
.a
ss
whK&i bs 72: mvjvZi gbvhvM ewi whK&i
w
w
DPviY : AvEhy wejv-wn wgbvk kvBZv-wbi ivRxg|

A_ : Avwg Avjvni Avkq MnY KiwQ weZvwoZ kqZvb _K|
Dmgvb Beby Avexj Avm (iv) ejb, Avwg ejjvg, n Avjvni ivm~j, kqZvb Avgvi I Avgvi mvjvZi ga eva mva Ges
Avgvi wKivAvZ Gjvgjv Ki `q| ZLb ivm~jjy vn () ejb: m kqZvbi bvg: wLbwhe| hLb Gic Abyfe Kie ZLb
(Dcii whK&i) cvV Ki Zvgvi evg w`K _y_y dje| wZbevi Kie| Dmgvb (iv) ejb : Avwg Gic Kijvg, dj Avjvn D
kqZvbK Avgvi _K `~i Ki w`jb|2
mvjvZi i _K kl ch h Kvbv mgq I Aevq Gic IqvmIqvmv nj gymvjx G whKiwU GK ev GKvwaKevi cvjb
KiZ cvib|
3. 5. dih I bdj mvjvZ

Avgiv `LwQ, ejvqvZi Rb mePq iZcY~ Bev`ZK Avjvn dih KiQb| dihi AwZwi mKj Bev`ZKB
g~jZ bdj (AwZwi) ev ZvZvID (HwQK) ejv nq| h mKj bdj mvjvZ ivm~jyjvn wbqwgZ cvjb KiZb mjvK
mybv Z ejv nq| wZwb hjvi welq ekx iZ w`qQb mjvK mbvZ gyqvv`vn I AbjvK MvBi gyqvv`vn
ejv nq| wKQy mybvZ mvjvZ mK nv`xm ekx iZ c`vbi dj Kvb Bgvg I dKxn ZvK IqvwRe ejQb|
Contents
183
3. 5. 1. mybv Z-bdj mvjvZ evwoZ Av`vq

mKj cKvii bdj mvjvZ wbR evwoZ, `vKvb ev Kg Av`vq Kiv Dg Ges mybvZ| ivm~jjy vn () dih
mvjvZi AvMi I cii mKj mybvZ mvjvZ I Abvb mybv Z-bdj mvjvZ Ni Av`vq KiZb| wZwb G mKj mvjvZ Ni
Av`vq KiZ Drmvn w`qQb| Ni Av`vq Kij mvIqve ewk nq ej NvlYv KiQb| wZwb ejQb :
dih mvjvZ ev` mKj mvjvZ wbR evwoZ cov mevg|

wZwb Aviv ejb:
om
gmwRì (RvgvZ) mvjvZ Av`vq nq Mj Zvgiv Zvgvì evwoi RbI mvjvZi wKQz iL è| KviY
mvjvZi Rb gnvb Avjvn Zvi evwoZ KjvY I gj `vb Kieb|2
Ave` Beby mv` (iv) ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjv n () -K ck Kijvg: Kvb&wU Dg, evwoZ bv gmwR` mvjvZ cov?
wZwb ejjb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
Zzwg Zv `LQ h, Avgvi evwo gmwRì KZ KvQ| Zv mI Avwg gmwR` mvjvZ bv co evwoZ mvjvZ cov
cQ` Kwi, GKgv dih mvjvZ ev`| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
mybvZ-bdj mvjvZ Ni covi dhxjZ Ab nv`xm wZwb ejb:
hLvb gvbyl `LZ cvq mLvb mybv Z-bdj mvjvZ covi Pq wbR evwoZ Zv Av`vq Kivi dhxjZ GZ ewk hgb
bdj mvjvZi Dci dih mvjvZi dhxjZ| nv`xmwU nvmvb|4
mKj mybv Z-bdj mvjvZ gmwR` Av`vq Kiv Rvqh, wK evwoZ cvjb Kiv Dg| nvbvdx gvhnvei BgvgMY DjL
KiQb h, evwo hw` gmwR` _K `~iI nq ZvnjI evwoZ Gm mybvZ Av`vq Kiv Dg| c_ Pjvi KviY mybvZ Av`vq
`wi nj Kvbv Amyweav bB|5
ss
mybvZ-bdj mvjvZ gmwR` Av`vq Kij vb cwieZb ev K_vevZvi gvag dih I mybvZi ga weiwZ I eeavb
mw KiZ wb`k w`qQb ivm~jyjvn | mybvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiB m vbB dih i Kiv ev dih Av`vq Ki m vbB
mybvZ i KiZ wZwb Avcw KiQb| mvnvex mvBe Beb Bqvhx` (iv) ejb:
w
w
.a
(
)
Avwg Ljxdv gyAvweqv (iv)-Gi mv_ gmwRì wekl Ni RygyAvi mvjvZ cwo| Bgvgi mvjvg divbvi ci Avwg Avgvi
vb ùvwoq (mybvZ) mvjvZ cojvg| gyAvweqv (iv) Gm AvgvK WK cvVvjb Ges ejjb: Avi KLbv Gic Kie bv| hLb
RygyAvi mvjvZ Av`vq Kie ZLb AZ K_vevZv bv ej ev D vb _K ei bv nq Zvi mv_ Ab (mybv Z-bdj) mvjvZ Ryo
è bv| KviY ivm~jyjv n AvgvìK wb`k w`Zb, `y mvjvZi gvS K_vevZv ejv ev m vb _K ei nIqvi AvM GK
mvjvZi mv_ Ab mvjvZ mshy bv KiZ|6
Bgvg Zvnvex G welq Aviv KqKwU nv`xm DjL Ki ejb:
Contents
184

... .

: .

G mKj nv`xm ivm~jyjv n dih mvjvZi mv_ bdj mvjvZ mshy KiZ wbla KiQb| Ab vb GwMq hvIqv ev
Abyic Kvbv Kgi gvag Dfqi gvS weiwZ I wefvRb Zwi bv Ki Dfq mvjvZK mshy KiZ wZwb wbla KiQb| ... Beb
Avevm (iv) gvMwiei cii `y ivKAvZ mybvZ wbRi evwoZ bv wMq coZb bv| dih I bdji gvS weiwZ I wefvRbi RbB
wZwb Gic KiZb| Ave~ Rvdi (Zvnvex) ejb: Avgiv (nvbvdx dKxnMY) dih I bdj mvjvZi ga G fve weiwZ I wefvRb
c`vb Kiv gymZvnve gb Kwi| KviY G Aavqi nv`xmjvZ ivm~jyjvn Gic wb`k c`vb KiQb|1
Bgvg Zvnvex Aviv ejb:
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybv Z: KD hw` cuvP Iqv mvjvZi ga Kvbv mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Ges Gici D gmwR`B dihi
ci bdj coZ Pvq Ze vbcwieZb ev K_vevZv bv ej hb m Zv bv Ki|2
3. 5. 2. mybv Z mvjvZ I mbvZ cwZ
cuvP Iqv dih bvgvhi AvM I ci 10 ev 12 ivKAvZ bvgvh ivm~jyjvn wbqwgZ coZb I coZ Drmvn
w`qQb| Dyj gywgbxb Dy nvexev (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejb:

:
hw` Kvbv gymwjg cwZw`b dih ev` AwZwi 12 ivKAvZ HwQK bdj mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Ze Zvi Rb Avjvn
RvbvZ evwo evwbq ivLeb: hvnii c~e 4 ivKAvZ I ci 2 ivKAvZ, gvMwiei ci 2 ivKAvZ, Bkvi ci 2 ivKAvZ I
dRii c~e 2 ivKAvZ|3
ss
Avqkv (iv) _K c_K mnxn mb` G A_ nv`xm ewYZ|4 Beb Dgvi (iv) hvnii c~e `y ivKAvZ mybvZ mvjvZi K_v
eYbv KiQb| Bgvg gynvv` Bebyj nvmvb kvBevbx ejb:
w
w
.a
: .

.... : .
dih mvjvZi ci HwQK (bdj) mvjvZi Aavq| AvgvìK gvwjK ejQb, AvgvìK bvwd ejQb, Beb Dgvi
ejQb: ivm~jjy vn hvnii c~e 2 ivKAvZ, ci 2 ivKAvZ Ges gvMwiei ci 2 ivKAvZ mvjvZ Zuvi evwoZ Av`vq KiZb
Ges wZwb Bkvi ci 2 ivKAvZ Av`vq KiZb| Avi wZwb RygA
y vi ci gmwR` Kvbv mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb bv| gmwR` _K
(Mn) wdi wZwb `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb| gynvv` ejb G njv HwQK ev bdj mvjvZ| GwU myì| ivm~jyjvn
hvnii c~e Pvi ivKAvZ Av`vq KiZb ejI Avgiv RbwQ ...|5
dRii `y ivKAvZ mybvZK ivm~jjy vn AZ iZ w`Zb| mdi, evwoZ, eZv ev Kvbv KviY wZwb Zv
QvoZb bv| GRb Kvbv Kvbv Avwjg G `y ivKAvZK IqvwRe ejQb| dRii mybvZ me`v (mdi Qvov) Zuvi wbR
evwoZB Av`vq KiZb| KLbv Avhvbi ciB Ges KLbv RvgvAvZ i nIqvi c~e gyn~Z wZwb wbR evwoZ mybvZ mvjvZ
Contents
185
Av`vq Ki Gici gmwR` wMq RvgvAvZ ùvu ovZb| wZwb Zv msc Av`vq KiZb| mvaviYZ wZwb m~iv
dvwZnvi ci c_g ivKAvZ m~iv Kvwdib Ges wZxq ivKvZ m~iv GLjvm cvV KiZb Ges KLbv c_g ivKvZ m~iv evKvivi
136 AvqvZ I wZxq ivKvZ m~iv Avj Bgivbi 52 bs AvqvZ ev 64 bs AvqvZ wZjvIqvZ KiZb|1 Avhvbi ciB mybv Z Av`vq
Av`vq Kij wZwb mvaviYZ RvgvZ i nIqv ch Zuvi xi mv_ K_v ejZb A_ev Wvb KvZ q _vKZb|
dRii Iqv i nIqvi ci `y ivKAvZ mybv Z Qvov Kvbv cKvi mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ ivm~jjy vn () wbla
KiQb| dRii mybvZ I dihi gaeZx mgq Kvbv gvmb~b whK&iI bB|
dRii mybvZ dihi AvM Av`vq KiZ bv cvij m~hv`qi ci ev diRi dih mvjvZi ciB Av`vqi wb`kbv
w`qQb ivm~jjy vn | Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n ejb:
om
h ew dRii `y ivKAvZ mybvZ Av`vq KiZ bv cvie m hb m~hv`qi ci Zv Av`vq Ki|2

Ab nv`xm KvBm Beb Avgi (iv) ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjv n ()-Gi mv_ dRii mvjvZ Av`vq Kwi| wZwb mvjvgi
ci Nyi `Lb Avwg Avevi mvjvZ Av`vq KiwQ| wZwb ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
`y mvjvZ wK GKmv_ (GKB mvjvZ wK GKmv_ `yevi)? dRii mvjvZ Zv `y ivKAvZ! Avwg ejjvg: n Avjvni
ivm~j, Avwg dRii `y ivKAvZ mybvZ AvM Av`vq KiZ cvwi wb; GRb Zv GLb Av`vq KiwQ| ZLb wZwb ejb: Zv nj
Amyweav bB|3
Ze dRii BKvgZi ci gmwR` dRii mybvZ Av`vq KiZ wZwb wbla KiQb| Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn () ejb:
mvjvZi BKvgZ nq Mj dih mvjvZ Qvov Ab Kvbv mvjvZ bB|4 Ab nv`xm gvwjK Beb eynvBbv (iv)
ejb:
(
)

- -

ss
dRii mvjvZi BKvgZ njv| ivm~jyjvn `Lb gyAvh&whbi BKvgZi mgq GK ew (mybvZ 2 ivKAvZ) mvjvZ
Av`vq KiQ| ZLb wZwb ejb: Zzwg wK dRii mvjvZ Pvi ivKAvZ coe?5
Ab nv`xm Avyjvn Beb Avevm (iv) ejb:
w
w
.a

(
)

dRii mvjvZi BKvgZ nIqvi ci GKew (Ab eYbvq Avwg wbR) `y ivKAvZ mybvZ coZ i Kwi; ZLb
ivm~jjy vn Zvi Kvco ai Uvb w`q ejb: Zzwg wK dRi Pvi ivKAvZ coe?6
Avyjv n Beby mviwRm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn dRii mvjvZ Av`vq KiwQjb| GgZvevq GKew Gm gmwRì
GK cvk `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kijv| Gici ivm~jyjvn -Gi mv_ RvgvZ kixK njv| mvjvZ kl Ki ivm~jjy vn
ZvK ejb:
Contents
186
Zzwg Zvgvi Kvb& mvjvZK aZe ej MY Kie? Zvgvi GKvKx mvjvZ? bv Avgvì mv_ h mvjvZ
Av`vq Kij m mvjvZ?1
Bgvg Avhg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) I Kdvi Kvbv Kvbv dKxn dRii dih mvjvZ i nIqvi ciI RvgvZi vb _K
`~i mybvZ Av`vqi AbygwZ w`qQb| Zuviv wZbwU kZ KiQb: (1) dRii RvgvZ bv cvIqvi mvebv _vKe bv, (2) RvgvZi
KvZvii ga, mv_ ev mwbKU mybv Z cov hve bv Ges (3) mybvZ coB mivmwi dih i Kiv hve bv; vb cwieZb Ki mybvZK
dih _K wewQb KiZ ne| Avyjv n Beb gvmE` (iv), Avyjvn Beb Avevm (iv), Avyjvn Beb Dgvi (iv), Ave~ `vi`v (iv)
cgLy mvnvex Ges KwZcq Zvweqx _K ewYZ h, Zviv dRii dih mvjvZi RvgvZ i nIqvi ciI gmwRì evBi, ivvq ev
gmwRì `~ieZx Kvbv KvY mybvZ co RvgvZ kixK nZb|2
mvgwMK weePbvq RvgvZ i nIqvi ci gmwR` cek Kij mybvZ bv co RvgvZ kixK nIqv Ges RvgvZi ci
ev m~hv`qi ci mybvZ covB wbivc` I AwaK mveavbZvg~jK ej cZxqgvb nq|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
hvnii c~ei Pvi ivKAvZ mybvZ mvjvZK ivm~jyjvn wekl iZ c`vb KiZb| wZwb ejb: hvnii AvMi
Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ klivZi (Zvnvyì) mvjvZi mv_ Zzjbxq| (nv`xmwU mnxn)|3 Ab nv`xm Avqkv (iv) ejb,
ivm~jyjvn hvnii AvM Pvi ivKAvZ I dRii AvM `y ivKAvZ cwiZvM KiZb bv|4
Kvbv Kvbv dKxn `y ivKAvZi ci mvjvg ej Avevi `y ivKAvZ- Gfve Pvi ivKAvZ Av`vq Kiv Dg ejQb|
KviY nv`xm ejv nqQ: ivZ I wèmi mvjvZ `y ivKAvZ Ki|5 Abvb dKxn ejQb h, Pvi ivKAvZ GK Av`vq KivB
Dg| G gZf`wU GKvB Dg Abyg wbq| `y ivKAvZ Ki Pvi ivKAvZ A_ev GK Pvi ivKAvZ hfveB Av`vq Kiv nvK
gywgb wbavwiZ mvIqve cveb, Bbkv Avjvn|
nv`xm chvjvPbvq G Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ GK Av`vq KivB mybvZ ej cZxqgvb nq| Ave~ AvBEe (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn ejb:
hvnii AvM gvS (wZxq ivKAvZ) mvjvg bv w`q Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZi Rb Avmgvbi ìRvjv Lyj Ìqv
nq|
Zvweqx Avwmg Beb `vgyiv ejb, Avgiv Avjx (iv)-K ivm~jyjvn -Gi wèmKvjxb bdj mvjvZ (
mK wRvm Kijvg| wZwb ejb, Zvgiv Zv Zv cvjb KiZ cvie bv| Avgiv ejjvg, Avcwb ejyb,
Avgiv h hZUzKz cvwi cvjb Kie| ZLb wZwb ejb: ivm~jyjv n dRii mvjvZi ci m~hv`q ch Kvbv mvjvZ coZb
bv| Avmii mgq cwg AvKvk hLvb m~h _vK c~e AvKvk m cwigvb Dci DVj wZwb `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb|
Gici hLb m~h AviKUz Dci DV hvnii mgq hZUzKz cwg _vK m cwigvY c~ew`K _vKZ ZLb wZwb Pvi ivKAvZ
mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb| m~h cwg w`K Xj hvIqvi ci wZwb hvnii c~e Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ coZb| hvnii ci wZwb `y
ivKAvZ mvjvZ coZb| Gici Avmii c~e Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ coZb| Avjx (iv) ejb:
.a
ss
w
w
ivm~jyjvn G mKj mvjvZi cwZ `yB ivKAvZ Avjvni wbKUeZx wdwikZvMY, bexMY I Zvì Abymvix gywgb
gymwjgMYi cwZ mvjvg ck KiZb (A_vr cwZ `y ivKAvZ Zvkvn&` cvV KiZb)| Avi Pvi ivKAvZi kl GKevi
mvjvg ejZb| nv`xmwU nvmvb|7
G nv`xm _K cgvwYZ nq h, hvnii AvM, ci I Avmii AvM cvjbxq Pvi ivKAvZ mybv Z mvjvZ GK covB
Contents
187
mybvZ I Dg| G welq kvBL bvwmixb Avjevbx ejb: mekl mvjvg ejZb G K_v cgvY Ki h, wèmi
Pvi ivKAvZ wewk mybvZi `y ivKAvZ mvjvg bv ej Pvi ivKAvZ GK Av`vq Ki mvjvg ejvB mybvZ|.. G K_vwU
_nxbfve cgvY Ki h, wèmi Pvi ivKAvZ wewk G mKj mvjvZi c_g Zvkvn&ì ci mvjvg ejv ne bv| ....|1
hvnii Pvi ivKAvZ mybvZ dihi c~e coZ bv cvij RvgvZi ci Zv Av`vq Kiv mybvZ| Avqkv (iv) ejb:
ivm~jyjvn hvnii c~e ivKAvZ Av`vq KiZ bv cvij Zv hvnii ci Av`vq KiZb| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
hvnii cii wbqwgZ mybvZ `y ivKAvZ| Ze Gmgq Pvi ivKAvZ cov hZ cvi| Dy nvexev (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
h ew hvnii c~e Pvi I ci Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ wbqwgZ Av`vq Kie Avjvn Zvi Rb RvnvbvgK wbwl Kieb|
nv`xmwU mnxn|3
hvnii cii wbqwgZ `y ivKAvZi ci Aviv `y ivKAvZ Av`vq Ki ev c_K Pvi ivKAvZ Av`vq Ki G nv`xmwU
cvjb Kiv hvq|
Avmii c~eI `y ev Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ ivm~jyjvn Drmvn w`qQb| Dcii mnxn nv`xmwUZ Avgiv
`LwQ h, ivm~jjy vn Avmii c~e Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ coZb| Ab nv`xm Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn Avmii c~e
`y ivKAvZ mvjvZ coZb|4
Ab nv`xm Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:
h ew Avmii c~e Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Ki ZvK Avjvn ingZ Kib| nv`xmwU nvmvb| 5
dRi, gvMwie, Bkv I RygAvi cii `y ivKAvZ mybv Z mvjvZ ivm~jjy vn me`v evwoZ Av`vq KiZb| Beb Dgvi
(iv) ejb:
...

w
w
.a
ss
Avwg ivm~jyjvn -Gi mv_ hvnii c~e 2, ci 2, gvMwiei ci 2, Bkvi ci 2 I RygA

y vi ci 2 ivKAvZ
mvjvZ coZvg| gvMwie, Bkv I RygAvi cii mvjvZ Zuvi mv_ Zuvi evwoZ coZvg| Avi wZwb dRii c~e msw `y
ivKAvZ mvjvZ coZb; wK m mgq Avwg Zuvi Ni cek KiZvg bv|6
ivm~jyjvn gvMwiei mybvZI dRii mybvZi gZ c_g ivKAvZ m~iv Kvwdib Ges wZxq ivKAvZ m~iv BLjvm cvV
KiZb|7
Dcii wbqwgZ bdj-mybvZ mvjvZ QvovI hZ ewk me bdj mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ ivm~jyjvn Drmvn w`qQb| wbwl
mgqjv Qvov mKj mgq BQvgZ ewk ewk mvjvZ Av`vq Kivi P Kiv gywgbi DwPZ| hvnii AvM, ci, Avmii AvM,
gvMwiei ci ev Bkvi ciI BQv Kij gywgb Aviv ewk bdj mvjvZ `y ivKAvZ Ki Av`vq KiZ cvib|
GK mvnvex ck Kib, Avjvni wbKU mePq wcq Kg Kx? Di ivm~jyjvn () ejb: Zzwg Avjvni Rb ewk ewk
Contents
188
mvR`v Kie (ewk ewk bdj mvjvZ Av`vq Kie); KviY Zzwg hLbB Avjvni Rb GKwU mvR`v Ki, ZLbB Zvi
wewbgq Avjvn Zvgvi GKwU ghv`v ew Kib Ges Zvgvi GKwU cvc gvPb Kib|1 Ab GK mvnvex ivm~jyjvn () -Gi wbKU
Ave`b Kib h, wZwb RvbvZ Zuvi mvnPh Pvb| wZwb ejb: Zvnj ewk ewk mvR`v Ki (bdj mvjvZ Av`vq Ki) Zzwg AvgvK
Zvgvi welq mvnvh Ki|2 Ab nv`xm ivm~jjy v n () ejQb : mvjvZ mek welq, KvRB mvagZ hZ ewk me (bdj)
mvjvZ Av`vq Kie|3
weklZ RygyAvi mvjvZi AvM ewk ewk bdj mvjvZ Av`vqi wekl wb`kbv w`qQb ivm~jjy v n | GK nv`xm
wZwb ejb:

(

)
/

.c
om
hw` KD RygyAvi w`b Mvmj Ki, Zvi KvQ Kvbv myMw _vKj Zv gvL, Zvi mePq fvj cvkvK _K cwiavb
Ki, Gici gmwR` Mgb Ki Ges gmwR` wMq Zvi mvagZ-Avjvni gwhgZ hZewk cvi (mybvZ-bdj) mvjvZ Av`vq
Ki, KvDK K `q bv, Kviv Nvoi Dci w`q hvq bv, `yRbi gvS mwiq RvqMv Ki bv, Gici bxie LyZev b Ges
mvjvZ Av`vq Ki, Ze Zvi GB RygyAv _K cieZx RygyAv ch cvci gvRbv ne|4
Zvweqx bvwd ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
Beb Dgvi (iv) gmwR` cek Ki RygyAvi AvM `xN wKivAvZ viv KqK ivKAvZ mvjvZ coZb| Bgvg mvjvZzj
RygyAv kl Kivi ci wZwb evwo wMq `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb| wZwb ejZb ivm~jjy vn Gic KiZb| nv`xmwU
mnxn|5
Beby Dgvi (iv)-Gi ee _K cZxqgvb nq h, ivm~jyjvn wbRI RygA
y vi AvM `xN wKivAvZ w`q KqK ivKAvZ
mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb Ges RygA
y vi ci evwoZ wMq `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb|
.a
ss
RygyAvi c~e ivm~jyjv n KZ ivKAvZ mvjvZ wbqwgZ coZb m welq mnxn nv`xm cvIqv hvq bv| mybvb Beb gvRvni
GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, wZwb RygyAvi c~e Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb| nv`xmwUi mb` LyeB `yej|6 Ze Avyjvn Beb
Beb gvmE` (iv), Avyjvn Beb Dgvi (iv), Avyjv n Beb Avevm (iv) I Abvb mvnvex RygyAvi AvM Pvi ivKAvZ ev AwaK mvjvZ
Av`vq KiZb ej wewfb mnxn nv`xm ewYZ nqQ|7
ivm~jjy vn -Gi x mvwdqvn webZ AvB (iv) gyAvweqv (iv)-Gi kvmbvgj gZz eiY Kib| Zuvi welq gwnjv Zvweqx
mvwdqvn ejb:
w
w
wZwb `Lb h, mvwdqvn webZ AvB RygyAvi mvjvZ Bgvgi LyZevi Rb ei nIqvi AvM Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ
Av`vq Kib Ges Bgvgi mv_ `y ivKAvZ RygyAvi mvjvZ Av`vq Kib|8
G nv`xm _K RygA
y vi AvM Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`qi welqwU Rvbv hvq| GQvov Rvbv hvq h, ivm~jyjvn -Gi
IdvZi ciI gwnjvMY RygyAvi mvjvZ Ask MnY KiZb|
Contents
189
Avgiv Avyjvn Beb Dgvi (iv) ewYZ nv`xm `LwQ h, ivm~jyjvn RygA
y vi ci `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ
coZb Ges wZwb mvaviYZ G `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ evwoZ wdi Av`vq KiZb| GQvov RygyAvi ci Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ
Av`vqiI Drmvn w`q ivm~jjy v n ejb:
om
Zvgvì KD hLb RygyAvi mvjvZ Av`vq Kie ZLb Gici Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kie|1
3. 5. 3. dih mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq
Avjvni c_i cw_KK AekB dRi I Abvb dih mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq KiZ ne| AbK hvwKi dRii mvjvZ
GKvKx Ni Av`vq Kib| Gici AbK mgq whK&i Ihxdv Kib| A_P mviv w`bivZ bdj whK&i Ihxdv Kivi Pq aygv
dih mvjvZjv RvgvZ Av`vq Kiv nvRvi Y ewk Dg| Ab bdj whK&i Zv `~ii K_v gywgbi Rxebi mePq eo whK&i
I eo bdj Bev`Z Zvnvyì PqI RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv ewk dhxjZi| Dgvi (iv) GKw`b myjvBgvb Beby Avex
nvmgv (iv) bvgvK GKRb mvnvexK dRii RvgvZ DcwZ bv `L Zvi evwoZ wMq Zvi AvvK Zvi welq wRvmv
Kib| wZwb ejb, ivZ RM Zvnvyì mvjvZ co m Kv nq hvq| GRb dRii mvjvZ Ni Av`vq KiB Nywgq
coQ| Dgvi (iv) ejb :
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
mvivivZ Zvnvy` covi Pq dRii mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq KivK Avwg ewk fvjevwm I fvj ej gb Kwi|
nv`xmwU mnxn|2
wcq cvVK, wbqwgZ RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ cviv gywgbi AbZg KvivgZ| AvIwjqvq Kivg RvgvZ mvjvZ
Av`vqK ejvqZi cwiPq ej gb KiQb| Zuviv evi evi ejQb: hw` KvDK cvwbi Dci w`q nuU hZ ev evZvm Do
hZ `L, Zvnj ZvK Ijx fe bv, wK hw` KvDK cuvP Iqv mvjvZ wVKgZv RvgvZ Av`vq KiZ `L Zvnj ZuvK Ijx
Rvbe| KviY evZvm DoZ, cvwbZ nuvUZ, gbi K_v ejZ Cgvbi ìKvi nq bv| wn`y, e, wLvb, Kvwdi, gykwiK
mKji gaB Gic gvbyl cvIqv hvq| hv gymwjg I Kvwdi mevi ga cvIqv hvq Zv KLbv ejvqZi AvjvgZ nZ cvi bv|
Acic h ew mybvZi AbymiY Kivi ZvIdxK cqQ ZuvK Ijx RvbZ ne| Zvi mePq eo KvivgZ GB h, Zuvi Ai
I cew mybvZi Abymvix nq wMqQ|
mKj dih mvjvZ gmwR` RvgvAvZ Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| ev`vBDm mvbvB I nvbvdx gvhnvei Abvb cvPxb M
RvgvZ mvjvZK IqvwReB wjLv nqQ| cieZx Kvbv Kvbv M mybv Z wjLv njI mLvb DjL Kiv nqQ h, Zv
IqvwRei chvqi|
mybv Zi welqI Avgvì aviYv eo AyZ| wdKni wnmve AbK KvRB mybvZ| wK Kvb& mybvZi KZUzKz iZ Zv
mybv Zi AvjvK RvbZ ne| Uzwc gv_vq Ìqv mybvZ, cuvP Iqv mvjvZi AvM-ci wKQy mvjvZ mybvZ, Avevi RvgvZ mvjvZ
mybv Z| ivm~jyjv n h mybv ZK hZUzKz iZ w`qQb ZZUzKz iZ w`qB Zv cvjb KiZ ne| iZi Zuvi ixwZi
ewZg Kivi A_ Zuvi mybvZK Aenjv Kiv I gbMov gZ Pjv|
Uzwc ivm~jyjvn ciQb ZvB mybv Z| wK wZwb Zv civi Kvbv wb`k `bwb| Avevi mybv Z gyAvv`v mvjvZjv wZwb
coQb Ges coZ wb`k w`qQb| wK bv coj Kvbv agK ev kvwi K_v ejbwb| Avi RvgvAvZ mvjvZ wZwb AvRxeb cvjb
KiQb, cvjb KiZ wb`k w`qQb Ges cvjb bv Kij KwVb kvwi K_v ejQb| A_P Avgvì hvwKixbì ga AbK Uzwci
mybv Z ev Abvb AbK gyvnve, mybvZ hvq`v eva bv nj ZvM Kib bv, mybvZ gyAvv`v mvjvZ ZvM Kib bv, A_P AKvZi
RvgvZ ZvM Kib| gnvb Avjvn `qv Ki Avgvì cew I gbK ivm~jyjvn -Gi myb& v Zi AbyMZ I Abymvix Ki `b|
AMwYZ mnxn nv`xm Avgiv `wL h, ivm~jyjvn wbR Ges mvnvexMY KLbvB KwVb Ihi Qvov RvgvAvZ ZvM Kibwb|
RvgvAvZ AbycwZ _vKvK Zuviv wbwZ gybvwdKi cwiPq ej RvbZb| A ew Gm ivm~jyjvn -Gi KvQ ejQb: AvgvK
gmwR` wbq Avmvi gZv Kvbv gvbyl bB Avi c_I Lvivc| Avwg wK RvgvZ bv Gm Ni mvjvZ Av`vq Ki wbZ cvie? wZwb
(bex) ZvKI RvgvAvZ ZvMi AbygwZ `bwb| eis ejb, Avhvb bj ZvgvK RvgvZ AvmZB ne|3
hviv RvgvZ mvjvZ kixK nq bv, ivm~jyjvn Zvì evwoNi cywoq w`Z PqQb wZwb|4 GK nv`xm ivm~jyjvn
ejb:
Contents
190
h ew Avhvb bj wK Avnvb mvov w`q RvgvZ Gjv bv, Zvi mvjvZB ne bv| Ze hw` Ihi _vK Zvnj
wfb K_v|1
Ab mnxn nv`xm ivm~jjy vn () ejb:

: : .

h ew Ihi Qvov Avhvb bI mvjvZi RvgvZ Gjv bv, m GKv h mvjvZ Av`vq Kij m mvjvZ Keyj ne
bv| mvnvexMY ck Kib: Ihi wK? wZwb ejb: fq ev AmyZv|2
Avyjv n Beby gvmE` ejQb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om

...

hvi fvj jvM h, m AvMvgxKvj gymwjgic Avjvni mv_ `Lv Kie, m hb G mvjvZjvK hLvb Avhvb
Ìqv nq mLvb RvgvZ Av`vq Ki| KviY Avjvn Zvgvì bexi Rb n`vqZi mybvZ cPjb KiQb| Avi GmKj
n`vqZi mybv Zi AbZg mvjvZjvK gmwR` RvgvZ Av`vq Kiv| Zvgiv hw` evwoZ mvjvZ co Zvnj Zvgiv
Zvgvì bexi () mybvZ Qo è| Avi Zvgvì bexi mybv Z Qo w`j Zvgiv c_ nq hve| ... Avgvì mgq
Avgiv `LwQ GKgv mycwiwPZ gybvwdK hvK mevB gybvwdK ej wPbZ GivB ay RvgvZ mvjvZ nvwRi nZv bv| Amy
gvbylI `yRb gvbyli Kuva fi w`q Gm RvgvZ kixK nq KvZvi ùvwoq hZ|3
RvgvZ ZvM Kiv hgb KwVb Mvbvni KvR, Zgwb RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Acwigq mvIqve I eiKZi KvR|
RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kij Avjvn 27 Y ewk mvIqve `vb Kieb, hviv me`v RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vqi Rb gmwRì w`K
gb w`q ivLb ZuvìK Avjvn wKqvgZi w`b Avjvni wcqZg ev`vì mv_ Aviki Qvqvq Avkq wèb, RvgvZi Acv
Kiv wRnvì mgZzj, BZvw` wewfb ghv`vi K_v nv`xm DjL Kiv nqQ| GK nv`xm ivm~jjy vn ejQb:
ss
w
w
.a
h ew Pwjk w`b c_g ZvKeximn RvgvZi mv_ mvjvZ Av`vq Kie, Zvi Rb Avjvn `ywU gyw wjL wèb :
(1). Rvnvbvg _K gyw ; I (2). gybvwdKx _K gyw| nv`xmwU nvmvb|4
dRii RvgvAvZi AwZwi dhxjZ nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| ivm~jyjvn () ejQb: gybvwdKì Rb mePq
Ki mvjvZ dRi I Bkvi RvgvAvZ|5 wZwb Aviv ejb: dRi I Bkvi mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq Kij KZ dhxjZ Zv hw`
Zviv eySZ, Zvnj nvgvwo w`q njI Zviv G `y mvjvZ DcwZ nZv|6 Ab nv`xm wZwb ejQb: h ew dRii
mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq Kie, m Avjvni wRv`vixi ga cek Kie|7 Ab nv`xm wZwb ejb:
h ew Bkvi mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq Kie m hb AaK iv mvjvZ (Zvnvy`) Av`vq Kij| Avi h ew
dRii mvjvZI RvgvZ Av`vq Kie m ew hb mviv ivZ mvjvZ (Zvny`) Av`vq Kij|8
gybvwdK I `yej Cgvb gymjgvbì RvMwZK jvf ARb AvMn I Avjvni ingZ I AvLivZi jvf ARb wbtnZvi
Contents
191
GKwU PgrKvi D`vniY w`q wZwb ejb: Zviv hw` RvbZ h, RvgvZ nvwRi nj GKwU fvj MvkZIqvjv nvo cvIqv
hve, Zvnj Zviv nvwRi nq hve|1 Avyjvn Beby Dgvi (iv) ejb: Avgiv hw` KvDK dRi I Bkvi RvgvZ bv `LZ cZvg
Zvnj Zvi welq aviYv Lvivc Ki djZvg|2
3. 5. 4. evwo-gmwR` MgbvMgbi whKi

h Kvbv vb RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv hZ cvi, Ze gmwR` Zv Av`vq KivB gywgbi g~j `vwqZ| GLvb evwo _K
ei nIqv, cek Kiv, gmwR` cek Kiv BZvw` welqK whKijv DjL KiwQ|
whK&i bs 73: evwo _K ei nIqvi whK&i-1
DPviY: wemwgjv-wn, ZvIqvvjZz Avjvjv -wn, jv- nvIjv Iqvjv- KzIqvZv Bjv- wejvn|
A_: Avjvni bvg| Avwg Avjvni Dci wbfi Kijvg| Kvbv Aej^b bB Ges Kvbv kw bB Avjvni mvnvh
om
Qvov|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejQb, h ew Zvi evwo _K ei nIqvi mgq G K_vjv eje, ZuvK
(Avjvni c _K ) ejv ne: Zvgvi Avi Kvbv wPv bB, Zvgvi mKj `vwqZ MnY Kiv njv, (ZvgvK mwVK c_ `Lvbv
njv) Ges ZvgvK ndvhZ Kiv njv| Avi kqZvb Zvi _K `~i Pj hvq| Ab eYbvq : GK kqZvb Ab kqZvbi
mv_ mvvr Ki ej, m ewi mKj `vwqZ MnY Kiv nqQ, ndvhZ Kiv nqQ Ges c_ `Lvbv nqQ, wKfve Avgiv
Zvi wZ KiZ cvwi? nv`xmwU nvmvb mnxn|3
whK&i bs 74: evwo _K ei nIqvi whK&i-2
ss
DPviY: wemwgjv-wn, ZvIqvvjZz Avjvjv -wn, Avjv-v, Bbv bvEh~ weKv wgb Avb bvwhjv, AvI bvwjv, AvI bvhwjgv
AvI byhjvgv, AvI bvRnvjv AvD BDRnvjv AvjvBbv|
A_: Avjvni bvg, Avwg Avjvni Dci wbfi KiwQ, n Avjvn, Avgiv Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ h, Avgiv c`wjZ ne
ev wev ne, ev Avgiv AZvPvi Kie ev AZvPvwiZ ne, ev Avgiv Kviv mv_ g~LZvmyjf AvPiY Kie ev KD Avgvì mv_ Gic
g~LZvmyjf AvPiY Kie|
Dy mvjvgvn (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () evwo _K evwni nIqvi mgq G `yAv cvV KiZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
ivZw`b h Kvbv mgq evwo _K ei nZ gywgbi DwPZ G whK&ijv A_i w`K j iL AiK Avjvni w`K iRy
Ki cvV Kiv|
whK&i bs 75: evwo ceki whK&i-1
.a
w
w
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx Avm&AvjyKv LvBivj gvDwjwR Iqv LvBivj gvL&ivwR, wemwgjv -wn IqjvRbv- Iqv wemwgjv-wn
LvivRbv- Iqv Avjv ivwebv- ZvIqvvjbv-|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi KvQ cv_bv KiwQ Dg cekj I Dg ewnMgbj | Avjvni bvg cek Kijvg
Ges Avjvni bvg evwni njvg Ges Avgvì cfy Avjvni Dci wbfi Kijvg|
Avgiv `LwQ, ivm~jyjvn evwoZ ceki mgq Avjvni whK&i KiZ wb`k w`qQb Ges RvwbqQb h, Avjvni whK&i
Ki evwoZ cek Kij kqZvb m evwoZ Aevb KiZ cvi bv| evwo ceki gvmb~b g~j whKi mvjvg| Ave~ gvwjK
AvkAvixi (iv) m~ ewYZ, ivm~jyjvn () ejb: Zvgvì KD hLb cek Kie ZLb hb m G K_vjv ej, Gici Zvi xcwiRbìK mvjvg wè| nv`xmwUi ivexMY mKjB wbfihvM, wK nv`xmwU gyimvj nIqvi mvebv iqQ|5
Contents
192
whK&i bs 76: evwo ceki whK&i-2 (mvjvg)
om
DPviY: Avm-mvjv-gy AvjvBKzg Iqv ivngvZzjv -wn Iqv evivKv-Zzn|

A_ : Avcbvì Dci kvw Ges Avjvni ingZ I Zuvi eiKZ|
evwoZ ceki mgq Dcii `yAv cvVi ci evwoi hvi mv_B `Lv ne ZvK mvjvg w`Z ne| Dcii nv`xm Zv ejv
nqQ| mvjvg Bmjvgi AbZg Bev`Z| mvjvg c`vbKvix I Di c`vbKvix DfqB AMwYZ mvIqvei AwaKvix nb| Dci
mvjvg gvbe Rxebi AbZg `yAv| GZ kvw, ingZ I eiKZi `yAv Kiv nq| GKwUevii mvjvgI hw` Keyj nq hvq Zvnj m
ewi Rxeb Avi wKQyB Ac~Y _vKe bv| Rxeb kvw, ingZ I eiKZ cvIqvi ci Avi Kx evwK _vK?
mgvR ^vgx xK, x ^vgxK, Qj-gqiv wcZv-gvZvK I wcZv-gvZv Qj-gqK mvjvg `b bv| GK aibi
kqZvbx IqvmIqvmv ZvìK G AZzjbxq KjvYKi Kg _K weiZ ivL, h IqvmIqvmvK AbK jv bvg `b| mvaviY
vbB Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, GKRb gvbyli `yAvi mePq eo nK`vi Zvi ^vgx ev x I mvbMY| A_P Avgiv Abvb
gvbylK mvjvg c`vb Kwi, ZvìK mvIqve ARbi myhvM I `yAv c`vb Kwi wK AvcbRbìK ewZ Kwi|
mevBKB mvjvg c`vb mybv Z| Avi ^vgx, x I cwievii m`mMYK mvjvg Ìqv AwZwi iZcY~ mybvZ| nv`xm
weklfve Gi wb`k Ìqv nqQ| GRb wekl mvIqve I eiKZi mymsev` c`vb Kiv nqQ| Avey Dgvgv (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn () ejQb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
wZb ew Avjvn Zvì cZKi Rvwgb I msiK, hw` euP _vK Ze Zvi mKj welq Avjvni c _K iv Kiv
ne Ges hw` gZzeiY Ki Zvnj m RvbvZ cek Kie| h ew mvjvg w`q evwoZ cek Kij m Avjvni Rvwgb`vixZ Pj
Mj ...| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
Ab nv`xm Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
w
w
.a
ss
hLb Zzwg Zvgvi evwoZ cek Kie ZLb Zvgvi x-cwiRbK mvjvg è; G mvjvg Zvgvi I Zvgvi cwievii Rb
eiKZi Drm ne| nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
w`b ev iv h Kvbv mgq evwo ceki mgq G mKj gvmb~b evK viv Avjvni whK&i Kiv cZK gywgbi
KZe|
whK&i bs 77 : gmwR` MgbKvjxb whK&i (b~i cv _bv)
Avgiv mvR`vi whKi-4 (whKi bs 62)-G `LwQ h, ivm~jjy v n () mvR`vq gnvb Avjvni KvQ b~i ev RvwZ cv_bv
KiZb| wZwb mvR`v QvovI dRii mybvZ Av`vq Ki dih mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vqi Rb gmwR` Mgbi mgqI G `yAvwU cvV
KiZb ej mnxn nv`xm ewYZ|3
whK&i bs 78: gmwR` ceki whK&i-1
DPviY: AvEhy wejv-wnj Avhxg, Iqv we IqvR&wnwnj Kvixg, Iqv myjZv-wbwnj Kv`xg wgbvk kvBZv-wbi ivRxg|
A_: Avwg Avkq cv_bv KiwQ gnvb Avjvni Ges Zuvi mvwbZ Pnvivi Ges Zuvi Abvw` gZvi, weZvwoZ kqZvb
_K|
Avyjvn Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () gmwR` ceki mgq G K_v ejZb Ges wZwb ejQb, hw` KD Zv ej
Ze kqZvb ej, mvivw`bi Rb G ew Avgvi Li _K iv cj| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
whK&i bs 79: gmwR` ceki whK&i-2
Contents
193
DPviY: Avjv-vd& Zvn& jx AveIqv-ev ivngvwZKv|
A_: n Avjvn, Avgvi Rb Avcbvi ingZi ìRvjv Lyj w`b|1
Bgvg gymwjg GfveB msw `yAvwU msKjb KiQb| Abvb M cvmwK Aviv KqKwU evK ewYZ| Gjv-mn
`yAvwU wbgic:
( )

(

)

DPviY: wemwgjv-n, (Iqvj nvg`ywjjvn,) Avjv-v ^vwj Avjv- gynvvw`b Iqv mvwjg, (AvjvvMwdi jx hybe~ x)
Iqvd&Zvn& jx AIqv-ev ivn&gvwZKv|
A_ : Avjvni bvg, Ges mKj cksmv Avjvni| n Avjvn gynvvì Dci mvjvZ I mvjvg c`vb Kib| n Avjvn,
AvgvK gv Kib Ges Avgvi Rb Avcbvi KiYvi ìRvjv Dby Kib|2
whK&i bs 80: gmwR` _K ei nIqvi whK&i-1
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY: Avjv-v- Bbx Avm&AvjyKv wgb dvwjKv|

A_: n Avjvn, Avwg PvwQ Avcbvi KvQ Avcbvi wihK-ckZv|3
Bgvg gymwjg GfveB msw `yAvwU msKjb KiQb| Abvb M cvmwK Aviv KqKwU evK ewYZ| Gjv mn
`yAvwU wbgic:

( )

DPviY: wemwgjv-n, Avjv -v ^vwj Avjv- gynvvw`b Iqv mvwjg, (AvjvvMwdi jx hybe~ x) Iqvd&Zvn& jx AIqvev dv&wjKv|
A_: Avjvni bvg, n Avjvn, gynvvì Dci mvjvZ I mvjvg c`vb Kib| n Avjvn, AvgvK gv Kib Ges
Avgvi Rb Avcbvi wih&K-eiKZi ìRvjv Dby Kib|4
whK&i bs 81: gmwR` _K ei nIqvi whK&i-2
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY : Avjv-v, AvwRi& bx wgbvk kvqZv-wbi ivRxg|

A_ : n Avjvn AvgvK weZvwoZ kqZvb _K iv Kib|
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejQb, ivm~jyjv n () gmwR` _K ei nIqvi mgq G whK&i cvV KiZ wb`k w`qQb|
nv`xmwU mnxn|5
3. 5. 5. RvgvZ mvjvZi KwZcq AenwjZ mybv Z
gmwR` ceki ci mLvb cvjbxq AbK mybvZ AvbZv ev Aenjvi KviY Avgiv cwiZvM Ki _vwK| G
aibi gZ I cwiZ wKQy iZcY~ mybvZ GLvb msc DjL KiwQ| Avkv KiwQ AZ wKQy cvVK G mybvZjv cvjb Ki
gZ mybvZ RxweZ Kivi AZzjbxq mvIqve ARb Kieb Ges jLKI Zuvì mv_ mvIqvei Askx neb|
(1). RvgvZ Mgbi mgq Zvovov Kiv nv`xm wbla Kiv nqQ| nv`xm kixd ejv nqQ, mvjvZi BKvgZ nIqvi
ciI hw` Zvgiv gmwR` hvI Zvnj gvbwmK AwiZv ev òv`wo Ki gmwR` hve bv| kvfve I axi axi hve| hZUzKz
mvjvZ Bgvgi mv_ cve Zv Av`vq Kie, evwKUv ci wbR Av`vq Kie| nv`xm kixd ejv nqQ, Ni _K mvjvZi Rb ei
nIqvi mgq _KB gymjx mvjvZi gaB _vKb Ges Avjvni KvQ wZwb mvjvZiZ ej MY nb| hw` KD gmwR` wMq `Lb h
cyiv RvgvZ kl nq wMqQ ZvnjI wZwb RvgvZi mvIqve cveb|
Contents
194
(2). gmwR` cek Kivi ci AvMi KvZvi RvqMv _vKv mI wcQbi KvZvi ùvobv KwVbfve wbwl
I Mvbvni KvR| h_vme axi wifve AvMi KvZvi ùvovZ ne| GZ Bgvg GK ivKAvZ kl Ki djj Kvbv wZ
bB| Avgiv gmwR` ivKAvZ MYbv KiZ hvB bv, mvIqve ARb KiZ hvB| Zvovov Kij, wcQbi KvZvi ùvovj
Mvbvn ne| Avi kvfve AvMi KvZvi ùvovj mvIqve ewk ne|
(3). mvjvZi KvZvi h_vme Mvq Mv jvwMq ùvovZ, gvSi duvK e KiZ I KvZvi mvRv KiZ wb`k w`qQb
ivm~jjy vn |
(4). gmwR` cek Ki emvi AvM `yLyjyj gmwR` ev ZvwnqvZzj gmwR` mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv iZc~Y mybvZ| ivm~jyjvn
gmwR` cek Ki emvi AvM AZ `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ evievi Drmvn w`qQb| gmwR` cek Ki gvKin
Iqv bv nj `y ivKAvZ ZvwnqvZzj gvmwR` Av`vq KiZ ne| mybvZ gyAvv`v ev RvgvZ ùvwoq MjI ZvwnqvZzj gmwRì
mybv Z Av`vq ne| Kvbv mvjvZ bv co emj G mybv Z cvjbi mvIqve _K Avgiv ewZ ne|
(5). mvjvZ ùvovbvi mgq mvgb, wZb nvZi ga myZiv ev Avovj ivLv ivm~jjy vn () -Gi wb`wkZ I AvPwiZ
om
mybvZ|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
(7). AbK gymjx mvjvZi i _K kl ch `vovbv, emv, nvZ DVvbv, nvZ ivLv BZvwì LuywUbvwU mybv Z bv
Rvbvi dj AMwYZ mvIqve _K ewZ nb| Gjv Awf AvwjgMYi wbKU _K eenvwiKfve wkv Kiv AwZ cqvRb|
(8). RvgvAvZ kl mybvZ mvjvZ gmwR` Av`vq Kij dihi vb _K mi hvIqv mybvZ| Bgvg Avey nvbxdvi
gZ Bgvgi Rb h vb dih coQb m vb Aevb ev mybvZ Av`vq gvKin| wZwb ejb: .... hvni, gvMwie I Bkvi
mvjZ Bgvgi Rb mvjvgi ci ^vb em _vKv gvKin| Zvi DV hvIqv Avgvi cQ`| dRi I Avmi BQvbymvi DV hve
A_ev ... Nyi ev gymjxì w`K gyL Ki .... em _vKe| hvni, gvMwie I Bkvi ci ZvZvID (HwQK ev mybvZ) Av`vq
KiZ PvBj m gymjxì wcQb ev hLvb dih coQ mLvb Qvov gmwRì Ab Kv_vI Zv coe| gyv`xMY hw` ^vb
mybvZ Av`vq Ki Ze Amyweav bB| Ze `y-GK cv mi hvIqv Zvì Rb Dg|1
3. 6. mvjvZzj weZi
3. 6. 1. mvjvZzj weZi-Gi ivKAvZ I cwZ

Bkvi mvjvZ Av`vqi ci _K dRii Iqv i nIqvi c~e ch wewZi mvjvZi mgq| kl iv Zvnvyì kl
wewZi Av`vq Kiv Dg I AwaK mvIqve| Ze KD kl ivZ DVZ cvieb bv ej m`n Kij Zuvi Rb Nygvbvi AvM wewZi
Av`vq Kiv fvj|
DjL h, nv`xmi cwifvlvq weZi ejZ wKqvgyjvBj ev Zvnvy` eySvbv nq| weZi A_ eRvo| wKqvgyjvBj ev
Zvnvyì kl weZi Av`vq Kij cyiv wKqvgyjv Bj-B weZi ev eRvo mvjvZ cwiYZ nq| Zvweqx Avyjvn Beby Avex KvBm
ejb:
.a
ss
w
w
Avwg Avqkv (iv)- K ejjvg: ivm~jyjvn () KZ ivKAvZ weZi coZb? Avqkv (iv) ejb: wZwb 4 I 3 ivKAvZ, 6
I 3 ivKAvZ, 8 I 3 ivKAvZ Ges 10 I 3 ivKAvZ weZi coZb| wZwb 7 ivKAvZi Kg Ges 13 ivKAvZi AwaK weZi
coZb bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
Gfve wewfb nv`xm weZi ejZ wKqvgyjvBj ev Zvnvy`-mn weZi eySvbv nqQ| ivm~jyjv n () `y ivKAvZ Ki Pvi,
Qq ev AvU ev `k ivKAvZ wKqvgyjvBj mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Gici wZb ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq KiZb Ges Gfve cyiv mvZ,
bq, GMviv ev Ziv ivKAvZ wKqvgyjv BjB weZi ev eRvo mvjvZ cwiYZ nZv|
G nv`xm Avgiv `LwQ h, ivm~jyjv n () 4+3=7 ivKAvZi Kg weZi ev wKqvgyjvBj Av`vq KiZb bv| Ab nv`xm
wZwb b~bZg cuvP ivKAvZi Kg weZ&i Av`vq KiZ wbirmvwnZ KiQb| Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejb:
)
( ) ( )
.(
Zvgiv wZb ivKAvZ weZi coe bv; weZiK mvjvZzj gvMwiei gZ evbve bv; eis Zvgiv cuvP ev mvZ ivKAvZ weZi
Contents

coe (wZxq eYbvq: cuvP, mvZ ev GMviv ivKAvZ ev Zvi Pq ewk ivKAvZ weZi coe)|1
G welq Avqkv (iv) ejb:
195
C

o

n
Zzwg ay wZb ivKAvZ weZi coe bv; Zzwg wZb ivKAvZi c~e `y ivKAvZ ev Pvi ivKAvZ (wKqvgy
jvBj mvjvZ) coe|
t
2
nv`xmwU mnxn|
e
wZb ev GK ivKAvZ weZii Abygv`b cm ivm~jyjvn () ejb:
n

t
s
om
weZi cZK gymwjgi Dci n (`vwqZ)| KvRB h cuvP ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq KiZ fvjevm m hb ZvB Ki; h
wZb ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq KiZ fvjevm m hb ZvB Ki Ges h GK ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq KiZ fvjevm m hb ZvB Ki|
nv`xmwU mnxn|3
Abvb nv`xm wZb ivKAvZ weZi ewYZ| DevB Beby Kve ejb:
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
ivm~jjy vn wZb ivKAvZ wewZi coZb| c_g ivKAvZ m~iv Avjv, wZxq ivKAvZ m~iv Kvwdib I ZZxq
ivKAvZ m~iv BLjvm cvV KiZb| wZwb iKzi c~e KzbZ
~ cvV KiZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
Abyicfve Avjx (iv), Beby Avevm (iv), Avqkv (iv), Bgivb Bebyj mvBwqb (iv), Beby gvmE` (iv) cgyL mvnvex
_K ewYZ nqQ h, ivm~jyjvn () wZb ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq KiZb|5 evnZ G mKj nv`xm weZi ejZ wKqvgyjv BjGi kli eRvo mvjvZ eySvbv nqQ| A_vr wZwb c_g `y ivKAvZ Ki Pvi, Qq, AvU ev `k ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vqi
ci Gfve wZb ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq KiZb|
c~eeZx mKj nv`xmi AvjvK Avgiv eySZ cvwi h, mvjvZzj weZi wZb ivKAvZ cvjb Kiv wbwl bq| Ze
gywgbi DwPZ mybvZi wb`k Abymvi AZ mvZ ev cuvP ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq Kiv| A_vr c_g `y ivKAvZ Ki Pvi ivKAvZ
ev AZ `y ivKAvZ wKqvgyjvBj mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Gici wZb ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq Kiv|
w
w
.a
ss
DjL h, ivm~jyjvn () I mvnvexMY wewfbfve mvjvZzj weZi Av`vq KiZb| nv`xmi AvjvK wZb ivKAvZ
weZi Av`vqi wZbwU cwZ we`gvb: (1) `y ivKAvZi kl em AvZ-ZvwnqvZz cvV Ki DV ùvwoq ZZxq ivKAvZ Av`vq
Kiv (2) `y ivKAvZ kl AvZ-ZvwnqvZz, ì` I `yAv cvV Ki mvjvg divbvi ci bZzb ZvKexi Zvnixgv-mn c_K GK
ivKAvZ Av`vq Kiv Ges (3) `y ivKAvZ kl bv em ZZxq ivKAvZ DV ùvovbv Ges wZb ivKAvZ GK kl Kiv|
c_g cwZwUB nvbvdx gvhnve mgw_Z Ges Avgvì `k AwaK cPwjZ| Kvbv Kvbv Avwjg G cwZZ weZi
cvjb wbirmvwnZ Ki ejb GZ gvMwiei gZ weZi cov nq hv nv`xm wbla Kiv nqQ| Zuvì G aviYvwU mwVK bq|
wbgi welqjv jYxq:
(1) gvMwiei gZ weZi bv covi nv`xmjvZ cwZMZ cv_Ki Kvbv iZ Ìqv nq wb; eis ivKAvZi
cv_KK iZ Ìqv nqQ| myZ ejv nqQ mvjvZzj weZi gvMwiei gZ wZb ivKAvZ bv co cuvP ev mvZ
ivKAvZ co| A_vr wZb ivKAvZ cojB Zv gvMwiei gZ nq Mj; h cwZZB Zv cov nvK bv Kb|
(2) ivm~jyjvn () wZb ivKAvZ weZi cvjb KiQb ej AbK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| AwaKvsk nv`xm _K evnZ
eySv hvq h, wZwb 1g cwZZB wZb ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq KiQb|
(3) AbK mvnvex-Zvweqx gvMwiei gZ, A_vr c_g cwZZ 3 ivKAvZ weZi Av`vq KiZb ej cgvwYZ|6
gywgbMYi DwPZ cwZ welqK weZK wj bv nIqv| Dcii wZbwU cwZi h cwZwU Avcbvi wbKU AwaK
Contents

MnYhvM m cwZZ weZi Av`vq Kib Ges nv`xm cgvwYZ Abvb cwZK mvb Kib|
196
Avgiv mvaviYZ Bkvi mvjvZi mv_B wewZi Av`vq Kwi| GZ `vl bB| Ze hviv kl ivZ DVZ cvieb bv
Zvì DwPZ ivZ 10/11 Uvq ev NygvZ hvIqvi mgq me nj KqK ivKAvZ bdj mvjvZ Av`vq Ki wewZi Av`vq Kiv|
GZ Avgvì AwZwi jvf:
(K) wZxq Dg mgq wewZi Av`vq : nv`xmi AvjvK wewZii mevg mgq kl iv Ges wZxq Dg mgq
Nygvbvi c~e|
(L) Zvnvyì mvjvZi AvswkK mvIqve: G mgqi mvjvZI ivZi mvjvZ wnmve MY| weklZ ivZi GKZZxqvsk
AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci mvjvZ I `yAvi wekl dhxjZ Avgiv c~e AvjvPbv KiwQ|
(M) Ih~ Aevq Nygvbvi dhxjZ: Nygi Rb Ih~ Aevq kqb Kiv GKwU iZc~Y gvmb~b Bev`Z| ivm~jjy vn
GRb weklfve Drmvn c`vb KiQb Ges G Rb wekl `ywU cyivii mymsev` c`vb KiQb| Avyjvn Beby Dgvi (iv)
ejb, ivm~jjy vn () ejQb :
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Zvgiv Zvgvì `njvK cwe ivLe, Avjvn Zvgvì cwe Kib| hw` Kvbv ev`v Ih~ Aevq Nygvb,
Zvnj Zvi cvkvKi ga GKRb wdwikZv q _vKb| iv hLbB G ew bovPov Ki ZLbB G wdwikZv ejb : n
Avjvn Avcwb G ewK gv Ki w`b, KviY m Ih~ Aevq NywgqQ| nv`xmwU nvmvb|1
Ab nv`xm gyAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:

(
)

h Kvbv gymwjg hw` Ihy Aevq (Avjvni whK&ii Dci) Nygvq ; Gici iv Kvbv mgq nVvr Zuvi Nyg f hvq
Ges m (H Aevq q q) Avjvni KvQ Zuvi RvMwZK ev cvijwKK Kvbv KjvY Kvgbv Ki, Zvnj Avjvn ZuvK Zuvi
cvw_Z e wèbB|2
whK&i bs 82 : weZii cii whK&i-1:
ss
w
w
.a
DPviY I A_: c~ee Zx whK&i bs 61: mvR`vi whKi-3 `Lyb|

Avjx (iv) ejb,
.... ( )
ivm~jjy vn weZii kl K_vjv ejZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|3

GLvb weZii kl ejZ mvjvgi AvM bv mvjvgi ci Zv Ki ejv nq wb| GRb gywgb G `yAvwU mvjvZzj
weZii kl mvjvgi AvM A_ev mvjvgi ci cvV KiZ cvib|
whK&i bs 83: weZii cii whK&i-2
DPviY : myenv-bvj gvwjwKj Kz~m|

A_ : NvlYv KiwQ cweZv gnv-cwe mgvUi|
DevB Beby Kve ejb, ivm~jyjv n wewZii kl wZb evi G whKiwU ejZb, klevi j^v Ki ejZb| nv`xmwU
Contents
197
mnxn|
3. 6. 2. mvjvZzj weZi-Gi KzbZ

y
KzbZ
y ki A_ AvbyMZ, `vqgvb nIqv, cv_bv Kiv ev `vqgvb Aevq `yAv Kiv| mvjvZi ga `yAvi AbZg
gvmb~b mgq wewZii mvjvZi KzbZ
y | wewZi mvjvZi kl ivKAvZ iKzi AvM ivm~jyjv n I mvnvexMY wewfb `yAv cvV
KiZb, hv KzbyZ ev `yAv KzbZ
y bvg cwiwPZ| Avgvì mgvR `yAv KzbZ
y bvg cwiwPZ `yAvwUI mnxn mb` ewYZ|2 wK
Avgiv AZvekZ gb Kwi h, Avgvì gvhnve Abymvi KzbyZi mgq G `yAvwUB cvV KiZ ne, Ab Kvbv `yAv cvV Kiv
hve bv| aviYvwU fyj| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (ivn) I Zuvi mxq fve wjLQb h, KzbyZi Rb Kvbv `yAv bB, Kvbv
`yAv wbw` Kiv hve bv| Bgvg gynvv` (ivn) ejb:

.c
om

Avwg ejjvg: Zvnj KzbyZ KZY ùvwoq `yAv cvV KiZ ne? wZwb ejjb: ejv nZv h, m~iv Bhvm
mvgvDbkvvZ I m~iv Iqvm mvgvB hvwZj eyiR cwigvY| Avwg ejjvg: KzbyZi Rb wK Kvbv wbw` `yAv AvQ? wZwb
ejjb: bv|3
Bgvg gynvvì Ab M Avj-vZ-G wZwb wjLQb:

un
na
ht
ru
st

Avwg ejjvg: KzbyZi Rb wK Kvbv wbavwiZ K_v ev `yAv AvQ? bv| eis Zzwg Avjvni cksmv Kie, ivm~jyjvn Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV Kie Ges Zvgvi myweav I BQvgZv h Kvbv `yAv Kie|4
Gfve nvbvdx dKxnMY KzbyZi Rb Ges mvjvZi ga Kvbv `yAv wbw` KiZ wbla KiQb| KviY GZ `yAvi cvY
_vK bv| gyymvjx VuvUfve AgbvhvMi mv_ mvjvZi whK&i I `yAv AvDo hvb| me`v GKwU wbavwiZ `yAv cvV Kij mvjvZi
cvYeZv b nq hvq| Ze zmW I ZvZvi AvgY wech gymwjg wek mvgwMK Aeqi cvcU Kvbv Kvbv dKxn
mvjvZi `yAv I whKi wbaviY Ki Ìqv Dg ej gb KiQb| AwkwZ I `xbx wkv _K GKevi ewZ mvaviY
gymwjg `yAv ev whKi evQvB KiZ fyj KiZ cvi ev `yAvi bvg evbvqvU I wbwl K_vevZv ej mvjvZ b Ki djZ cvi
fq Zviv Gic gZ cKvk KiQb| ^fveZB gvmb~b `yAvi Gic Kvbv Avkv _vK bv| `kg wnRix kZKi cwm
nvbvdx dKxn Avjvgv Beb byRvBg (926-970 wn) Avj-evnii ivwqK M KzbyZ cm ejb:
ss
.a
...

w
w

{ }...
Kzb~ Zi `yAv wnme Kvbv wbavwiZ `yAv bB| Bgvg KviLx wKZveym mvjvZ M Zv DjL KiQb| c_ g KviY
mvnvexMY _K Kzb~ Zi Rb wewfb `yAv ewYZ nqQ| wZxqZ, Bgvg gynvv` Bebyj nvmvb _K ewYZ, wZwb ejQb,
wbavwiZ `yAv `qi AveM I webgZv b Ki `q| dj `yAv Keyj nIqvi mvebv `~ixf~Z nq| ZZxqZ, mvjvZi ga
KziAvb wZjvIqvZi Kvbv m~iv wbaviY Kiv nq bv; KvRB Kzb~Zi `yAvi I Kvbv `~Av wbaviY bv KivB Dg|
Kvbv Kvbv dKxn ejQb h, Kzb~ Zi Rb Kvbv `yAv wbavwiZ bB, G K_vi A_ njv, Avjvv Bbv bvmZvqxbyKv... `yAvwU Qvov
Ab Kvbv `yAv wbavwiZ bq| ... G `yAvwU cvV Kiv Dg| Ze hw` Ab Kvbv `yAv cvV Ki ZvnjI Zv ea| Avi hw` G
`yAvwUi mv_ Abvb `yAv cvV Ki Zvnj Zv myì| mevg njv Avjvv Bbv bvmZvqxbyKv... `yAvwUi ci Avjvv, Bnw`bx
Contents
198
dxgvb nv`vBZv ..... kl ch `yAvwU cvV Kiv| .... Kvbv Kvbv dKxn ejQb h, weZii Kzby Zi Rb `yAv
wbavwiZ _vKvB Dg; KviY Bgvg nqZ Rvwnj ne Ges Zvi AZvi KviY, wbR evwbq `yAv covi bvg `yAvi ga gvbyl gvbyl
K_vcK_bi gZ evKvw` eenvi Kie, dj Zvi mvjvZ b nq hve|1
Gfve Avgiv `LwQ h, mvjvZi cwic~Y mvIqve-eiKZ jvf KiZ Ges Avjvni KvQ `yAv Keyji ZvIdxK jvf
KiZ cZK gywgbi DwPZ wewfb gvmb~b ki `yAv A_ eyS gyL Ki GKK mgq GKK `yAv cvV Kiv| GZ gbi AveM
w`q A_i w`K j iL Ly I webqi mv_ `yAv Kiv mnR nq| Avjvn AvgvìK ZvIdxK c`vb Kib| GLvb Avgiv
Kzby Zi KqKwU gvmb~b `yAv DjL KiwQ| Gjv QvovI G M DjwLZ h Kvbv gvmb~b `yAv ev KziAvb-nv`xmi h Kvbv
`yAv G mgq cvV Kiv hvq| nvbvdx dKxnMY Ges Abvb gvhnvei dKxnMY DjL KiQb h, KzbyZi mgq KziAvb-nv`xmi
h Kvbv `yAv ev fvj A_i h Kvbv evK eenvi Ki `yAv Kiv ea|2
whK&i bs 84: gvmb~b KzbZ

~ -1
om
( )

(
)

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbv- bvm&ZvqxbyKv, Iqv bvm&ZvM&wdiKv, Iqv bvm&Zvn&`xKv, Iqv bywgby weKv, Iqv bvZey BjvBKv,
Iqv bvZvIqvvjy AvjvBKv, Iqv bym&bx AvjvBKvj LvBiv (Kzjv)| bvk&KziKv Iqvjv- bvK&dziKv, Iqv bvLjvD Iqv bvZiKz
gvb BqvdRyiKv| Avjv-v Bq&BqvKv- bvey`y, Iqv jvKv by^vjx, Iqv bvm&R`y ,y Iqv BjvBKv bvm&Av- Iqv bvnwd`y, bviR~
ivngvZvKv, Iqv bvL&kv Avhv-evKv, Bbv AvhvevKv(j& wRv) wej Kzdd
& v-wi gyjwn (gyjnv)|
A_: n Avjvn, Avgiv Avcbvi KvQ mvnvh cv_bv KiwQ, Avcbvi KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ, Avcbvi KvQ n`vqvZ cv_bv
KiwQ, Avcbvi Dci wekvm vcb KiwQ, Avcbvi KvQ ZvIev KiwQ, Avcbvi Dci ZvIqvzj KiwQ, mKj KjvYi cksmv I
YKxZb Avcbvi RbB KiwQ| Avgiv Avcbvi KZZv cKvk Kwi Ges Avcbvi cwZ AKZZv-Awekvm cKvk Kwi bv| Avgiv
wewQb nB Ges cwiZvM Kwi ZvK h Avcbvi Aeva nq| n Avjvn, Avgiv Kejgv AvcbviB Bev`Z Kwi, Kejgv Avcbvi
RbB mvjvZ Av`vq Kwi Ges mvR`v Kwi, ay Avcbvi w`KB avweZ nB Ges Avcbvi AvbyMZB Kg Kwi| Avgiv Avcbvi ingZ
Avkv Kwi Ges Avcbvi kvwi fq Kwi| wbq Avcbvi cKZ kvw KvwdiìK k Kie|
ss
Kzb~ Zi G `yAvwU Gfve ev KvQvKvwQ k evsjv`ki mvaviY gymwjgì ga cwiwPZ| G `yAvwU nvbvdx Kzb~Z
wnmeI cwiwPZ| nvbvdx wdKni wewfb M `yAvwUi k I evKi ga wKQz Kgewk I AvMwcQz _vKjI g~j K_vjv
GKB| G KzbZ
~ wUi g~j K_vjv ivm~jjy vn () _K Ges GKvwaK mvnvex (iv) _K wewfb mnxn mb` ewYZ|
Zvweqx Lvwj` Beb Avex Bgivb (125 wn) ejb: ivm~jyjv n () gy`vi Mvi wei e`-`yAv KiwQjb| GgZvevq
wReivCj (Av) Gm ZvK _vgZ BwZ Ki ejb, n gynvv`, Avjvn AvcbvK Mvwj`vZv ev AwfkvcKvix wnme ciY Kib
wb; ies AvcbvK ingZ wnme ciY KiQb.... Gici wZwb ZvK wbgi Kzb~ZwU wkv `b:
.a
w
w
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbv- bvm&ZvqxbyKv, Iqv bvm&ZvM&wdiKv, Iqv bywgby weKv, Iqv bvL&vD jvKv, Iqv bvLjvD Iqv
bvZiKz gvb BqvK&diz Kv| Avjv-v Bq&BqvKv- bvey`y, Iqv jvKv by^vjx, Iqv bvm&R`y ,y Iqv BjvBKv bvm&Av- Iqv bvnwd`y,
bviR~ ivngvZvKv, Iqv bvLv-dz Avhv-evKvj wRv, Bbv AvhvevKv wej Kvwdixbv gyjwn|
A_: n Avjvn, Avgiv Avcbvi KvQ mvnvh cv_bv KiwQ, Avcbvi KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ, Avcbvi KvQ AbyMZ
nwQ| Avgiv wewQb nB Ges cwiZvM Kwi ZvK h Avcbvi Kzdix Ki| n Avjvn, Avgiv Kejgv AvcbviB Bev`Z Kwi,
Kejgv Avcbvi RbB mvjvZ Av`vq Kwi Ges mvR`v Kwi, ay Avcbvi w`KB avweZ nB Ges Avcbvi AvbyMZB Kg Kwi|
Avgiv Avcbvi ingZ Avkv Kwi Ges Avcbvi cKZ kvwi fq Kwi| wbq Avcbvi kvw KvwdiìK k Kie|
nv`xmwUi mb` `yej| Dci nv`xmwU gyimvj|3 Ze Kzb~Zi wbgi `yAvwUi c_g Ask G KzbyZwU mnxn mb` ewYZ|
Contents
199

~ -2

(

)

( )
om
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY: wemwgjv-wni ivn&gv-wbi ivnxg| Avjv-v, Bbv- bvm&ZvqxbyKv, Iqv bvm&ZvM&wdiKv, Iqv bymb& x AvjvBKv,
Iqv bvk&KziKv Iqvjv- bvK&dziKv, Iqv bvLjvD Iqv bvZiKz gvb BqvdRyiKv| Avjv-v Bq&BqvKv- bvey`y, Iqv jvKv by^vjx
Iqv bvm&R`y ,y Iqv jvKv bvm&Av- Iqv bvnwd`y, bvL&kv Avhv-evKvj wRv, Iqv bviR~ ivngvZvKv, Bbv AvhvevKv wej Kvwdixbv
gyjwn|
Avjv-vM&wdi jvbv- Iqvwjj gywgbxbv Iqvj gywgbv-wZ, Iqvj gymwjgxbv Iqvj gymwjgv-wZ, Iqv Avwjd& evBbv
Kjy ~wewng, Iqv Av^wjn hvZv evBwbwng, Iqvb^yig Avjv Av`yIwqKv Iqv Av`yIwqwng| Avjv -vjAvb KvdvivZv Avnwjj
wKZvwej& jvhxbv Bqv^yb~ v Avb mvexwjKv Iqv BDKvh&whe~bv im~jvKv Iqv BDv-wZj~bv AvIwjqv-wqKv| Avjv-v, Lvwjd
evBbv KvwjgvwZwng, Iqv hvjwhj Av&`vgvg, Iqv Avbwhj wewng evmvKvj& jvhx jv- Zviyn~ Avwbj vIwgh hvwjgxb|
A_: n Avjvn, Avgiv Avcbvi KvQ mvnvh cv_bv KiwQ, Avcbvi KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ, Avcbvi cksmv I YKxZb
KiwQ| Avgiv Avcbvi KZZv cKvk Kwi Ges Avcbvi cwZ AKZZv-Awekvm cKvk Kwi bv| Avgiv wewQb nB Ges cwiZvM Kwi
ZvK h Avcbvi Aeva nq| n Avjvn, Avgiv Kejgv AvcbviB Bev`Z Kwi, Kejgv Avcbvi RbB mvjvZ Av`vq Kwi Ges
mvR`v Kwi, ay Avcbvi w`KB avweZ nB Ges Avcbvi AvbyMZB Kg Kwi| Avgiv Avcbvi cKZ
kvwi fq Kwi Ges Avcbvi
ingZ Avkv Kwi| wbq Avcbvi kvw KvwdiìK k Kie|
n Avjvn, gv Kib AvgvìK, Ges gywgb cyilìK Ges gywgb bvixìK, Ges gymwjg cyilìK Ges
gymwjg bvixìK, Zvì Aii ga mcxwZ c`vb Kib, Zvì AvfixY mK myì Ki w`b, Avcbvi I Zvì
kì Dci Zvì weRq c`vb Kib| n Avjvn, h mKj Avnj wKZve Avcbvi c_ _K gvbylìK evav `q, Avcbvi
ivm~jMYK Awekvm Ki Ges Avcbvi IjxMYi mv_ hy Ki Zvì Awfk Kib, Zvì ga AbK mw Kib, Zvì
c`mg~n Kgvb Kib, Zvì Dci Avcbvi kvw bvwhj Kib, h kvw AcwZivafve cvcvPvix mc`vqK cvKovI Ki|
cwm Zvweqx DevB` Beby DgvBi (68 wn) ejb, Avwg Dgvi (iv)-Gi wcQb dRii mvjvZ Av`vq Kijvg| wZwb iKz
_K DVvi ci- Ab eYbvq: wZwb KziAvb cvV kl iKzi AvM- wbgi Kzb~Z cvV Kib:
nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn| DjL h, Avjx (iv), Beb gvmE` (iv), DevB Beb Kve (iv) cgyL mvnvex _K c_g I wZxq
Kzby Zi Abyic `yAv wewfb mnxn I hqxd mb` ewYZ|1
y -3
DPviY : Avjv-vn& w`bx dxgvb nv`vBZv, Iqv Av-wdbx dxgvb Av-dvBZv, Iqv ZvIqvjvbx dxgvb ZvIqvjvBZv, Iqv
ev-wiK jx dxgv- AvA& ZvBZv, Iqv wKbx kvi&iv KvvBZv, dvBbvKv ZvKvx, Iqvjv- BDKv AvjvBKv, Bbv jv- Bqvwhjy gvb
Iqv-jvBZv, [Iqvjv- BqvBh&hy gvb Av-`vBZv] , Zvev-ivK&Zv ivevbv- Iqv ZvAv-jvBZv|
A_: n Avjvn, AvgvK n`vqZ `vb Kib, hvìK Avcwb n`vqZ KiQb Zvì mv_| AvgvK cwic~Y
wbivcv I myZv `vb Kib, hvìK Avcwb wbivcv `vb KiQb Zvì mv_| AvgvK Ijx wnmve MnY Kib (Avgvi
AwffveKZ MnY Kib), hvìK Avcwb Ijx wnmve MnY KiQb Zvì mv_| Avcwb AvgvK hv wKQy c`vb KiQb ZvZ
Contents
200
eiKZ c`vb Kib| Avcwb hv wKQy Avgvi fvM wbaviY KiQb Zvi AKjvY _K AvgvK iv Kib| KviY
AvcwbB Zv fvM wbaviY Kib, Avcbvi welq KD wbaviY Ki w`Z cvi bv| Avcwb hvK Ijx wnmve MnY KiQb m
AcgvwbZ ne bv| Avi Avcwb hvK k wnmve MnY KiQb m KLbv mvwbZ ne bv| gnvgwngvw^Z eiKZgq Avcwb, n
Avgvì cfy, gnvghv`vgq I mevP Avcwb|
KzbZ
y welqK AvjvPbvq Avgiv `LwQ h, nvbvdx dKxnMY KzbyZi c_g `yAvwU cvVi ci Dcii G `yAvwU cvV
KivK Dg ej DjL KiQb| G KzbyZwU mK nvmvb Beb Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () AvgvK G evKjv wkv
w`qQb wewZii mvjvZ ev weZii Kzby Z ejvi Rb| nv`xmwU mnxn|1

~ -4
( )

om
(
)
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
n Avgvi cwZcvjK, Avcwb AvgvK kw-mnvqZv c`vb Kib, Avi Avgvi wei mnvqZv c`vb Kieb bv| Ges
Avcwb AvgvK mvnvh Kib, Avi Avgvi wei mvnvh Kieb bv| Ges Avcwb Avgvi Rb Kkj Kib, Avi Avgvi wei
Kkj Kieb bv| Ges Avcwb AvgvK n`vqvZ Kib Ges Avgvi Rb n`vqvZ mnR Kib| Avcwb AvgvK mvnvh Kib h
Avgvi Dci AZvPvi KiQ Zvi wei| n Avgvi cwZcvjK, Avcwb AvgvK evwbq w`b Avcbvi Rb AwaK KZZv
cKvkKvix, Avcbvi AwaK whK&iKvix, Avcbvi cwZ AwaK fxwZmb, Avcbvi AwaK AvbyMZKvix, Avcbvi cwZ webqx Ges
Avcbvi w`K ewk ewk ZvIev Kvix| n Avgvi cwZcvjK, Avcwb Keyj Kib Avgvi ZvIev, ayq w`b Avgvi cvc, Keyj Kib
Avgvi `yAv, cwZwZ Kib Avgvi cgvY, cwe-mymsiwZ Kib Avgvi wRnv, myc_ cwiPvwjZ Kib Avgvi Ai, ei Ki w`b
Avgvi Aii me wnsmv, wel I msKxYZv|
Beby Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () G `yAv KiZb| nv`xmwUi GKRb eYbvKvix Aveyj nvmvb Zvbvwdmx ejb,
Avwg nv`xmi ivex Bgvg IKx Bebyj Rvi&ivnK (196wn) wRvmv Kijvg, Avwg wK weZ&i-Gi KzbyZ G `yAvwU eje? wZwb
ejjb: nuv| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
Avgiv GKK mgq GKKwU `yAv cvV Kie| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (in) I Abvb mKj Bgvg G mgq h Kvbv welq
`yAv PvIqvi AbygwZ w`qQb| Ze gvmb~b `yAv cvVi Pv KiZ ne| Kzby Zi G PviwU gvmb~b `yAv QvovI G eBq
DjwLZ h Kvbv gvmb~b `yAv A_ev KziAvb I nv`xmi h Kvbv `yAv Avgiv gyL Ki A_i w`K j iL Kzb~Z
wnme cvV KiZ cvwi|
w
w
.a
3. 6. 3. Kzby Zi Rb nq Dvjb
Avgiv `LwQ h, `yAvi mgq `ynvZ DVvbv Dg| GRb AbK dKxn KzbyZi gybvRvZi mgqI `ynvZ Zzj `yAv
Kivi weavb w`qQb| cvi Kvbv Kvbv dKxn G mgq nvZ bv Zzj nvZ euvav Aevq A_ev `ycvk Szwjq iL KzbyZ
cvVi weavb w`qQb| huviv `ynvZ Zzj gybvRvZ Ki KzbyZ cvV Kivi weavb w`qQb Zuvì ga iqQb nvbvdx gvhnvei
AbZg Bgvg Kvhx Ave~ BDm~d|3 GQvov kvwdqx, gvwjKx I nv^vjx gvhnvei AbymvixMYI Gfve `y nvZ Zzj gybvRvZi
gvag KzbyZ cvV Kib| Zuvì `wjjjv wbgic:
(1) wewfb nv`xm `yAvi mgq nvZ DVvbvi dhxjZ eYbv Kiv nqQ| Gjvi AvjvK KzbyZi `yAvi mgqI nvZ
DVvbv Dg|
(2) ivm~jyjvn bvgvhi wfZi `yAv Kivi mgqI KLbv KLbv `y nvZ DVvZb ej ewYZ nqQ| Kzm~d ev m~hMnYi
bvgvh wZwb bvgvhi ga nvZ Zzj `yAv KiQb ej ewYZ nqQ|4 GQvov ivm~jyjvn () wbR Ges Zuvi BKvji ci Dgvi
Contents
201
1
(iv), Avjx (iv) cgLy mvnvex Kzby Z bvwhjvi mgq `y nvZ Zzj `yAv KiQb ej ewYZ nqQ|
(3) ivm~jyjvn () weZ&i-Gi KzbyZi mgq nvZ DwVqQb ej ewYZ bv njI, Avyjv n Beby gvmE`, Ave~ ivBiv
cgyL mvnvex (iv) weZ&i-Gi KzbyZ `y nvZ Zzj gybvRvZ KiQb ej ewYZ nqQ|2
cvi Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) weZ&i-Gi KzbZ
y cvVi mgq nvZ bv Zzj ^vfvweKfve nvZ euvav Aevq KzbyZ cvV KiZ
3
weavb w`qQb| hnZz ivm~jjy vn () weZ&i-Gi KzbyZi mgq nvZ Zzj `yAv KiQb ej ewYZ nq wb, mnZz nvZ Zzj `yAv
Kivi dhxjZi nv`xm w`q ev KzbyZi bvwhjvi Dci wKqvm Ki weZ&i-Gi Kzby Z nvZ DVvbvi weavb c`vb Kib wb wZwb| wZwb
mybv Zi e AbyKiY KiZ fvjevmZb|
om
3. 6. 4. gb gb ev mk KzbZ
y cvV I Avgxb ejv
ivm~jjy vn () wec`vcì KzbyZ mk cvV KiZb Ges wcQbi gyv`xMY Avgxb ejZb ej wewfb mnxn nv`xm
ewYZ nqQ|4 Ze weZii Kzb~Z wZwb mk coZb ej Z ewYZ nq wb| dKxnMY DjL KiQb h, weZii KzbyZ
gb gb ev mk cov ea|5 nvbvdx dKxnMY DjL KiQb h, weZii KzbyZ gb gb cov Dg, Ze Rvi ev mk cov
ea| G cm l wnRix kZKi cwm nvbvdx dKxn Avjvgv Ave~ evKi AvjvDxb Kvmvbx (587 wn) ejb:

.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
ss
Kzb~Zi `yAv mk ev gb gb cvVi cwZi welq gyLZvmviZ Zvnvex Mi evLvq Kvhx ejb: GKvKx mvjvZ
Av`vqKvixi welqwU Zvi BQvaxb| wZwb BQv Kij Abì kvbvbvi gZ Rvi cvV Kieb, BQv Kij wbR kvbvi gZ Rvi
cvV Kieb Ges BQv Kij gb gb cvV Kieb| wKivAvZ ev KziAvb cvVi welqwUI Abyic| Avi hw` wZwb Bgvg nb Ze Kzb~Z
mk cvV Kieb, Ze KziAvb cvVi Pq GKUz Kg k KzbZ
~ cvV Kieb| gyv`xMY (1g Kzb~Zi kl) Bbv AvhvevKv wej
Kzdd
& vwi gyjwnK ch Bgvgi AbymiY Kieb| Gici hLb Bgvg `yAv cvV Kieb ZLb gyv`xMY wK Bgvgi AbymiY Kieb? G
welq dvZvIqv M Ave~ BDm~d I gynvvì ga gZfì K_v DjL Kiv nqQ| Ave~ BDm~d ejb: gyv`xMY Bgvgi AbymiY
Kieb Ges Bgvgi mv_ mv_ `yAv cvV Kieb| gynvv` ejb: gyv`xMY `yAv cvV Kieb bv, eis Zviv Bgvgi `yAvi mv_
Avgxb Avgxb ejeb| Kvbv Kvbv dKxn ejQb: gyv`xMY BQv Kij Pzc Ki _vKZ cvib|6
nvbvdx wdKni cwm M gvivKxj dvjvn-Gi iPwqZv GKv`k wnRix kZKi wgmixq nvbvdx dKxn Avjvgv nvmvb
Beb Avvi Beb Avjx ibyejvjx (1069 wn) ejb:
.a
) (
w
w

) ( ) (
) ( ) (
) (
AwaKZi mnxn gZ gyKZv`xI Bgvgi gZ KzbZ

y cvV Kieb| mnxn gZ Bgvg Ges gyv`xMY mKjB gb gb KzbyZ
cvV Kieb| Ze Abvie `kjvZ Bgvgi Rb Rvi Rvi KzbyZ cvV Kiv gymZvnve; hb gyv`xMY wkvjvf KiZ cvi|
GRbB BivKi cwZwbwaMY hLb Dgvi (iv)-Gi wbKU AvMgb Kib ZLb wZwb mvjvZi mvbv mk cvV Kib| Kvbv Kvbv
dKxn ejQb h, hw` gyv`xMY KzbZ
~ bv Rvbb Ze Bgvgi Rb mk KzbZ
y cvV Dg| Avi hw` gyv`xMb KzbZ
~ Rvbb Ze
Contents
202
Bgvgi Rb gb gb cvV Kiv Dg| Avi hLb Bgvg `yAv i Kieb, A_vr c_g Kzb~Z: Avjvv Bbv- bvmZvqxbyKv...
cvV kl Kivi ci wZxq Kzb~Z: Avjv-vn& w`bx dxgvb nv`vBZv.... cvV i Kieb ZLb Ave~ BDm~d (ivn)-Gi gZ gyv`xMY
Bgvgi AbymiY Kieb Ges Zuvi mv_ Kzb~Z coeb| gynvv` ejb: Kzby Zi c_g `yAv (Avjvv Bbv bvmZvqxbyKv....) Ges wZxq
`yAv (Avjv-vn& w`bx...) Kvbv `yAvZB gyv`xMY Bgvgi AbymiY Kieb bv Ges KzbyZ coeb bv; eis mevevq Zviv Bgvgi
`yAvi mv_ Avgxb Avgxb ejZ _vKeb|1
Dcii AvjvPbv _K Avgiv `LwQ h, GKvKx mvjvZzj weZi Av`vqi gymvjx wbRi gbi AveM I Aevi
wfwZ GKevi gb gb ev mvgvb k KzbyZ cvV KiZ cvib| Avi ivgv`vb gvm RvgvZ weZi Av`vqi mgq Bgvgi
Rb mk KzbZ
y cvVB Dg I gymZ
& vnve| KviY Zvivexni RvgvZ DcwZ gyv`xMYi AbKB KzbyZi `yAv Rvbb bv|
KD KD 1g `yAvwU RvbjI 2q I Abvb `yAv Rvbb bv| KvRB Bgvg hw` mk `yAv cvV Kib Ges gyv`xMY Avgxb ej
Ze Zv `yAvi AveM Ges KeywjqvZi Rb AbK mnvqK ne|
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
3. 6. 5. weZi I ivZi mvjvZ Rvi ev Av wKivAvZ

mvjvZzj weZi, wKqvgyjvBj ev Zvnvyì mvjvZ KziAvb Rvi ev Av cvV Kiv hvq| nvbvdx dKxnMY DjL KiQb
h, bdj mvjvZi weavb dih mvjvZi weavbi Af
y | GRb wèm h mKj bdj-mybvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv nq mjvZ
KziAvb gb gb cvV KiZ ne| cvi mvjvZzj weZi, Zvnvy` I ivwKvwjb mKj bdj mvjvZ GKvKx Av`vqi mgq gymvjx
BQvgZ mk ev gb gb KziAvb cvV KiZ cvib| Ze ivZi bdj mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq Kij mk KziAvb cvV Kiv
IqvwRe| GRb ivgv`vb Zvivexn I weZi RvgvZ Av`vq Kij Bgvgi Rb KziAvb mk cvV IqvwRe| 2 G cm Bgvg
Kvmvbx ejb:

w
w
.a
ss
.
..

wèmi bdj mvjvZ gb gb KziAvb cvV KiZ ne| Avi ivZi mvjvZ welqwU gymvjxi BQvaxb; wZwb gb gb
ev mk KziAvb coZ cvieb| Ze mk covB Dg| KviY bdj njv dihi Abymvix| ivZi dih mvjvZjv GKvKx
coj hgb wKivAvZ Rvi covB Dg; Zgwb bdji I GKB weavb| GKBfve ivZi dih mvjvZi RvgvZ hgb
KziAvb Rvi cvV IqvwRe Zgwb ivZi bdj mvjvZ RvgvZ Av`vq Kij KziAvb Rvi cov IqvwRe; GRbB Zvivexn-Gi
RvgvZ BgvgK Rvi KziAvb coZ nq| nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, ivm~jyjvn ivZi (Zvnvy`-weZi-wKqvgyjvBj) mvjvZ
Ggbfve KziAvb cvV KiZb h, c`vi evBi _K Zv kvbv hZ| nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, GK ivZ wZwb Zvnvyì
mvjvZ Ave~ evKi (iv)-K Pzc Pzc Ges Dgvi (iv)- K DPtî KziAvb cvV KiZ `Lb| ... wZwb ejb: n Ave~ evKi,
Zzwg Zvgvi AvIqvR GKUz DPz Kie Ges n Dgvi, Zzwg Zvgvi AvIqvR GKUz wbPz Kie|...|3
3. 6. 6. Kzby Z bvwhjv ev wec`vcì KzbyZ
mgvR, iv ev DvZi Kvbv KwVb wec`, ivMevwa ev wechqi mgq dRii mvjvZ Ges cqvRb mKj mvjvZi kl
ivKAvZi iKz _K DV ùvovbvi ci mgeZ gymjxì wbq `yAv KivK KzbyZ bvhjv ejv nq| GwU ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi
iZc~Y mybvZ| Avgvì mgvR AbKB gb Kib h, nvbvdx gvhnve Gic KzbyZ ea bq| wPvwU AZvcm~Z| nvbvdx
dKxnMY ejb, wec`-wechq Qvov KzbyZ bvhjv cvV Kie bv| Ze wec`-wechqi dRii mvjvZ I Abvb mvjvZ Kzby Z
bvhjv cvV Kie| Avjvgv AvjvDxb nvmKvdx nvbvdx (1088 wn) ejb:

weZi Qvov Ab Kvbv mvjvZ KzbZ
y cvV Kie bv; Ze wec`-wechqi mgq mk KziAvb cvVi mvjvZ (dhi,
gvMwie, Bkv) Bgvg KzbZ
y cvV Kieb| wZxq gZ mKj mvjvZB KzbyZ cvV Kieb|4
G K_vi evLvq Avjvgv Beb Avwe`xb kvgx DjL KiQb h, AwaKvsk nvbvdx dKxn wec`-wechqi mgq ay dRi
mvjvZ KzbyZ cvVi wb`k w`qQb| KD KD mk mvjvZjvZ KzbZ
y cvVi wb`k w`qQb| hviv ejQb h, mvjvZzj
Contents
17
203
dRii KzbyZ gvbm~L ev iwnZ nqQ Zvì K_vi A_ mvaviY Aevq weZi Qvov Ab mvjvZ KzbyZ cvV iwnZ nqQ|
Ze wec`vc` ev wechqi mgq dRii ev mki mvjvZ KzbZ
y cvV mybvZ| Bgvg hw` gb gb KzbyZ cob Ze gyv`xI gb gb
coeb| Avi Bgvg hw` mk KzbyZ cob Ze gyv`x Avgxb ejeb| Avi bvwhjv ev wec`vcì KzbZ
y kl ivKvZi iKzi co
coZ ne|1
3. 7. AwZwi wKQz bdj mvjvZ

3. 7. 1. mvjvZzj BmwZLviv
BwLvivi A_ Kviv KvQ mwVK welq eQ Ìqvi cv_bv Kiv| h wmv MnY ev GKvwaK welqi ga _K GKwU
eQ bqvi AeKvk AvQ mLvb Avjvni mv_ civgk bv Ki Kvbv wKQy eQ bqv ev wmv MnY Kiv gywgbi DwPZ bq| QvU,
eo, iZc~Y ev iZnxb mKj welq wmv MnYi c~e Avjvni mv_ civgk Kiv, A_vr Zuvi gnvb ìevi mwVK wmv MnYi
ZvIdxK PvIqv gywgbi AbZg `vwqZ|
whK&i bs 85: BwLvivi `yAv
om

[ ]

.c

[ ].

un
na
ht
ru
st
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx AvmZvLxiKv weBjwgKv, Iqv AvmZvKwìKv weKyìvwZKv, Iqv AvmAvjyKv wgb dvwjKvj
Avhxg| dvBbvKv ZvKwì, Iqvjv- AvKwì, Iqv ZvA&jvgy Iqvjv- AvA&jvgy, Iqv AvbZv Avjv -gyj MyBEe| Avjv-v, Bb
KzbZv ZvA&jvgy Avbv nv-hvj Avgiv (Dw welqi bvg eje) LvBij jx dx `xbx IqvgvAv-kx Iqv Av-wKevwZ Avgix dvK`yi
jx, Iqv Bqvmwmi jx, myv ev-wiK jx dxwn| Avjv-v, Iqv Bb KzbZv ZvA&jvgy Avbv nv-hvj Avgiv kviij jx dx `xbx
IqvgvAv-kx Iqv Av-wKevwZ Avgix dv^widn~ Avbx, Iqv^widbx Avb IqvK `yi wjqvj LvBiv nvBmy Kv-bv, myv Aviwbx wenx|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi wbKU KjvY cv_bv Kwi Avcbvi vb _K, Avwg Avcbvi wbKU kw cv_bv Kwi
Avcbvi gZv _K Ges Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cv_bv Kwi Avcbvi gnvb AbyMn| KviY Avcwb gZvevb Avi Avwg Ag,
Avcwb Rvbb Avi Avwg Rvwb bv, Avi Avcwb mKj MvBei gnvvbx| n Avjvn, hw` Avcwb Rvbb h, G KvRwU (wbw`
welqwUi DjL ev iY Kie) KjvYKi Avgvi Rb, Avgvi ag, Avgvi cvw_e Rxeb Ges Avgvi fwelr cwiYwZZ, Ze wbaviY
Kib GK Avgvi Rb, mnR Kib GK Avgvi Rb Ges eiKZ c`vb Kib GZ Avgvi Rb| n Avjvn, Avi Avcwb hw`
Rvbb h, G KgwU AKjvYKi Avgvi Rb, Avgvi ag, RvMwZK Rxeb I Avgvi fwelr cwiYwZZ Ze mwiq wbb GK Avgvi
wbKU _K, mwiq wbb AvgvK Gi wbKU _K, wbaviY Kib Avgvi Rb KjvYK hLvbB Zv _vKzK Ges m Ki w`b
AvgvK Zvi ga|
Rvwei Beby Avyjv n (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () AvgvìK mKj welq BwLviv KiZ wkv w`Zb, hgb iZi mv_
wZwb AvgvìK KziAvbi m~iv wkv w`Zb| wZwb ejZb: hLb Zvgvì KD Kvbv KvRi evcvi gbi ga wPv Kie ZLb
(wmv MnYi c~e) bdj `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kie AZtci Dcii `yAvwU eje|2
3. 7. 2. mvjvZzZ ZvIev
Avjx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb, Kvbv ev`v hw` Mvbvn Kivi mv_ mv_ myì Ki Ihy Ki `y ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq
Ki Ges Avjvni KvQ gv Pvq Ze Avjvn ZuvK AekB gv Kieb| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
3. 7. 3. mvjvZzZ Zvmexn
Avgiv `LwQ h, whK&ii g~j PviwU evK: Zvmexn myenvbvjvn, Zvngx` Avj-nvg`y wjjvn, Zvnjxj jv- Bjvnv
Bjjv n Ges ZvKexi Avjv AvKevi| mvjvZzZ Zvmexn-Gi ga mvjvZiZ Aevq G whK&ijv cvV Kiv nq| Pvi
ivKAvZ mvjvZ cwZ ivKAvZ 75 evi Ki Pvi ivKAvZ gvU 300 evi D whK&ijv Av`vq Kiv nq|
Avyjv n Beby Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn Zuvi PvPv Avevm (iv)-K ejb: PvPvwR, Avwg AvcbvK GKwU wekl
Dcnvi I wekl Aby`vb c`vb Kie, hv cvjb Kij Avjvn Avcbvi QvU, eo, BQvKZ, AwbQvKZ, cKvk, Mvcb mKj
Contents
204
Mvbvn gv Kieb| Zv GB h, Avcwb Pvi ivKAvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kieb| cZK ivKAvZ m~iv dvwZnv I
Ab h Kvbv GKwU m~iv cvV Kieb| c_g ivKAvZ m~iv dvwZnv I Ab h Kvbv m~iv cvVi ci ùvovbv Aevq 15 evi
ejeb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: myenv-bvjvn, Iqvjnvg`ywjjvn, Iqvjv- Bjvnv Bjvjv Iqv Avjv - AvKevi | (c~ev whKi bs 5, 4, 1 I
10 GK)|
Gici iKyZ wMq iKz Aevq Dcii whK&ijv 10 evi, iKz _K DV ùvovbv Aevq 10 evi, mvR`v iZ
Aevq 10 evi, c_g mvR`v _K DV emv Aevq 10 evi, wZxq mvR`vq 10 evi Ges wZxq mvR`v _K DV (emv
Aevq) 10 evi| G gvU GK ivKAvZ 75 evi (Pvi ivKAvZ gvU 300 evi)| me nj Avcwb cwZw`b GKevi, bv nj
cwZ mvn GKevi, bv nj cwZ gvm GKevi, bv nj cwZ eQi GKevi, bv nj mviv Rxeb GKevi G mvjvZ Avcwb Av`vq
Kieb|
mvjvZzZ Zvmexn msv AwaKvsk nv`xmB AZ hqxd mb` ewYZ| GKgv G nv`xmwUK AbK gynvwm mnxn
wnmve MnY KiQb| hwÌ AbK gynvwm nv`xmwUi fve I fvlv welqI Avcw KiQb|
Bgvg wZiwghx cLvZ Zve-Zveqx Avyjvn Bebyj gyevivK (181 wn) _K mvjvZzZ Zvmexn-Gi AviKwU wbqg DjL
KiQb| Zuvi gZ G AwZwi whK&i Av`vqi wbqg: bvgvh i Ki ii `yAv ev mvbv cvVi ci 15 evi, m~iv dvwZnv I Ab
Kvbv m~iv kl Kivi ci 10 evi, iKzZ 10 evi, iKz _K DV 10 evi, c_g mvR`vq 10 evi, `yB mvRv`vi gvS 10 evi I
wZxq mvR`vq 10 evi gvU 75 evi cwZ ivKAvZ|
A_vr, G wbqg wKivAvZi c~e I ci ùvovbv Aevq 25 evi Zvmexn cvV Kiv nq Avi wZxq mvR`vi ci emv Aevq
Kvbv Zvmexn cov nq bv| c~ei nv`xm ewYZ wbqg wKivAvZi c~e Kvbv Zvmexn bB| ùvovbv Aevq ay wKivAvZi ci 15
evi Zvmexn coZ ne| cZK ivKAvZ wZxq mvR`vi ci em 10 evi Zvmexn coZ ne|
Bebyj gyeviK ejb, hw` G mvjvZ iv Av`vq Ki Ze `y ivKAvZ Ki Zv Av`vq Kie| A_vr, `y ivKAvZ kl
mvjvg wdwiq Avevi `y ivKAvZ Av`vq Kie| Avi w`bi ejvq BQv Kij GK Pvi ivKAvZ A_ev BQv Kij `y
ivKAvZ KiI Av`vq KiZ cvi|
mvjvZzZ Zvmexn-G iKz I mvR`vq c_g iKz I mvR`vi Zvmexn myenvbvi ivweqvj Avhxg I myenvbv ivweqvj
Avjv b~bZg wZb evi Ki cvV Kivi ci AwZwi Zvmexnjv cvV KiZ ne|1
3. 8. mvjvZzj Rvbvhv
w
w
.a
ss
3. 8. 1. mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi iZ I cwZ

cuvP Iqv dih mvjvZi ciB AbZg dih Bev`Z Rvbvhvi mvjvZ| AbK gb Kib, hnZz dih Kdvqv
mnZz KD cvjb KijB Zv njv| GwU cjvqbx gbvew| gywgbi G `wZ `Lv DwPZ bq| gywgb `Leb, G Kg Avjvn
KZ Lywk neb Ges KZ mvIqve I eiKZ Avwg jvf Kie| Rvbvhvi mvjvZi Rb AwPbxq mvIqve I eiKZi K_v wewfb
nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| Gi GKwU KviY G Bev`ZwU mwi mev Kw`K, Avi Avjvn mePq ewk Lywk nb Zuvi mwi mevZ|
Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb:
KD hw` Kviv Rvbvhvq DcwZ nq mvjvZ Ask MnY Ki Ze m GK KxivZ mvIqve ARb Kie| Avi hw` m
Zvi `vdb (Kei Kiv) ch DcwZ _vK Zvnj m `y KxivZ mvIqve ARb Kie| GK KxivZ Dn` cvnvoi PqI eo|2
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn GKw`b ejb: Zvgvì ga AvR K wmqvgiZ wQj? Avey eKi (iv) ejb:
Avwg| ivm~jyjv n ejb: Zvgvì ga K AvR Rvbvhvq kixK nqQ? Avey eKi (iv) ejb: Avwg| wZwb ejb: Zvgvì ga
K AvR `wi`K Lv` c`vb KiQ? Avey eKi (iv) ejb: Avwg| wZwb ejb: AvR Zvgvì K Amy Kvbv gvbylK `LZ
wMqQ? Avey eKi ejb: Avwg| ZLb ivm~jjy v n ejb :
Contents
205
G Kgjv hw` Kvbv gvbyli ga GKwZ nq Zvnj mB ew AekB RvbvZx neb|1

cvVK `LQb h, GLvb PviwU Bev`Zi wZbwUB mwi mev welqK| Avjvn AvgvìK G Yjv GKwZ Kivi
ZvIdxK w`b|
AbK avwgK gymwjg Rvbvhvi mvjvZi wbqg A_e wbqvZ Rvbb bv ev fq cvb| Rvbvhvi mvjvZ AZ mnR Bev`Z|
Avjvni mw I mvIqvei Dk gZ ewi Rb Rvbvhvi mvjvZ Av`vq KiwQ, G K_vUzKz gbi ga _vKvB h_| Gic
wbqvZ-mn ZvKexi Zvnixgv Ges ci Aviv wZbwU ZvKexi I mvjvgi gvag G mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv nq| Bgvg I gyv`xMY mKjB
G ZvKexijv I mvjvg gyL DPviY Kieb| c_g gZi Rb `yAv Kivi AvwiK wbqvZ-mn ZvKexi Zvnixgvi gvag mvjvZ
i Kieb| ZvKexi Zvnixgvi ci Avgvì `ki cPwjZ wbqg Abymvi mvjvZi mvbv (whK&i bs 46: mvbvi `yAv-1) cvV
Kieb|
G mgq m~iv dvwZnv covi welq mvnvexMY gZf` KiQb| Zvweqx Zvjnv Beby Avyjv n Beby AvDd ejb:
om
) (
)... ( )

.c
Avwg Beby Avevm (iv)-Gi wcQb Rvbvhvi mvjvZ Av`vq Kwi| wZwb m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kib (mk) ... Avwg ZvK ck
Kij wZwb ej: hb Zviv Rvb h, GwU mybvZ (GwU mybvZi Ask ev mybvZi c~YZvi Ask)|2
Ab nv`xm Ave~ Dgvgv (iv) ejb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
mvjvZzj Rvbvhvq mybv Z wbqg c_g ZvKexii ci m~iv dvwZnv Pzc Pzc cvV Kiv, Gici wZbwU ZvKexi ejv Ges
kl ZvKexii mgq mvjvg ejv| nv`xmwU mnxn|3 Ab nv`xm Zvweq bvwd ejb:
Avyjvn Beby Dgvi (iv) mvjvZzj Rvbvhvq KziAvbi wKQzB cvV KiZb bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
Ab mnxn nv`xm Ave~ mvC` gvKeyix ejb, Avwg Ave~ ivBiv (iv)-K ck Kijvg, mvjvZzj Rvbvhv wKfve Av`vq
Kie| wZwb ejb:
... :

w
w
.a
ss
hLb gZ`n ivLv ne ZLb ZvKexi eje, AZci Avjvni nvg`- cksmv Kie, bex ()-Gi Dci mvjv` coe, AZtci
`yAv Kie...|5
mvnvexMYi gZfì KviY dKxnMYI gZf` KiQb| AwaKvsk dKxn mvjvZzj Rvbvhvq m~iv dvwZnv cvV AvekK
ejQb| nvbvdx dKxnMYi gZ c_g ZvKexii ci Avjvni YeYbv ev mvbv cvV KiZ ne| Ze nvg`-mvbv ev `yAvi Dk
m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kiv hve| gvjv Avjx Kvix, ibyejvjx I Abvb nvbvdx dKxn G mgq m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kiv gyvnve ejQb|6
Gfve Avgiv `LwQ h, nv`xm I wdKni AvjvK mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi c_g ZvKexii ci m~iv dvwZnv cvV KivB Dg|
Gici wZxq ZvKexi ej ì` Beivnxgx cvV Kieb| Gici ZZxq ZvKexi ej gZ ewi Rb `yAv Kieb|
Gici 4_ ZvKexii ci mvjvgi gvag mvjvZ kl Kieb| ivm~jyjvn ejb:
nvmvb|7
hLb Zvgiv gZi Dci (Rvbvhvi) mvjvZ Av`vq Kie ZLb Zvi Rb `yAv Kivi welq AvwiK ne| nv`xmwU
G mgq ivm~jjy vn wewfb `yAv cvV KiZb| ay (( ) Avjv-vM&wdi jv) Avjvn ZvK gvd Ki
Contents

w`b ev Abyic evKi gvag `yAv KijB `yAvi b~bZg `vwqZ cwjZ ne| Ze gywgbi DwPZ GKvwaK gvmb~b
`yAv gyL Ki Zv G mgq cvV Kiv|
206
whK&i bs 86: Rvbvhvi `yAv-1
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY : Avjv-vMwdiwj nvBwqbv- IqvgvBwqwZbv- Iqv kv-wnw`bv- IqvMv-Bwebv- Iqv ^vMxwibv- Iqv KvexwibvIqv hvKvwibv Iqv Dbmv-bv| Avjv-v, gvb AvnBqvBZvn~ wgbv - dvAvnwqnx Avjvj Bmjv-g| Iqvgvb ZvIqvddvBZvn~ wgbvdvZvIqvddv Avjvj Cgv-b| Avjvv jv Zvnwigbv AvRiv Iqvjv ZvdwZb&bv ev`v|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb gv Kib Avgvì gZK Ges RxweZK, DcwZK Ges AbycwZK, QvUK Ges eoK,
cyilK Ges bvixK| n Avjvn, Avgvì ga _K hvK Avcwb RxweZ ivLeb, ZvK Bmjvgi Dci RxweZ ivLyb Ges hvK
Avcwb gZz `vb Kieb, ZvK Avcwb Cgvbi Dci gZz `vb Kib| n Avjvn Zvi (Zvi Rb `yAv Kivi ev mei Kivi)
cyivi _K AvgvìK ewZ Kieb bv Ges Zvi ci AvgvìK wdZbvq djeb bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi G gvmb~b `yAvwU Avgvì mgvR cPwjZ| Avgiv AbK mgq gb Kwi h, G `yAvwUB nvbvdx
gvhnvei wbavwiZ `yAv| A_ev gb Kwi h, Ab Kvbv `yA
& v cvV nvbvdx gvhnve ea bq| G mKj aviYv GKvB AZv
cmZ
~ | Avgiv `Le h, nvbvdx dKxnMY Rvbvhvi wZxq, ZZxq I Abvb `yAv DjL KiQb| GQvov nvbvdx dKxnMY my
DjL KiQb h, Rvbvhvi Rb Kvbv wbavwiZ `yAv bB| cwm nvbvdx dKxn Avjvgv Bebyj gvg Kvgvjyxb gynvv` Beb
Avyj Iqvwn` (681 wn) n`vqvi evLvM dvZj Kv`xi-Gi ejb:
ZZxq ZvKexii ci gZi Rb, wbRi Rb, wbRi wcZvgvZvi Rb Ges gym wjgì Rb `yAv Kie| GRb
Kvbv `yAv wbavwiZ bB| ay AvwLivZ welqK `yAv KijB ne| Ze hw` Kvbv gvmb~b `yAv Ki Ze LyeB fvj nq| GKwU
gvmb~b `yAv AvId Beby gvwjK (iv) _K ewYZ...(whKi bs 87: Rvbvhvi `yAv-2)|2
dvLixb Dmgvb Beb Avjx hvBjvqx nvbvdx (743 wn) ejb:
ss
gZi Rb, wbRi Rb, wbRi wcZvgvZvi Rb Ges mKj gymwjgi Rb `yAv Kie| G mgq covi Rb Kvbv
wbavwiZ `yAv bB| KviY GZ Aii bgZv-AveM b nq hvq|3
.a
w
w

[
]

DPviY: Avjv-vMwdi jvn~, Iqvinvgn~, IqvAv-wdnx, IqvA&dz Avb, Iqv AvKwig byhyjvn~, Iqv Iqvmwmq
gy`Lvjvn~, IqvMwmj wejgv-B Iqvm&mvjwR Iqvj evivw`| Iqv bvKwKnx wgbvj LvZv-Bqv- Kvgv- bvKKvBZvm mvIevj AveBqvv
wgbv` `vbvm| Iqv Avew`jn~ `v-ivb LvBivg wgb `v-winx, Iqv Avnjvb LvBivg wgb Avnwjnx, Iqv hvIRvb LvBivg wgb
hvIwRnx, Iqv Av`wLjj RvbvZv Iqv AvBh wgb Avhvwej Kvewi (Avhvweb bv-i)|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb ZvK gv Kib, ingZ Kib, wbivcv `vb Kib, ZvK gvd Ki w`b, ZvK mvbi mv_
Avcbvi KvQ vb `vb Kib, Zvi cekvb (Avevmvb) ck Kib, ZvK cvwb, eid I kxj w`q aZ Kib, ZvK cvcivwk
_K Ggbfve cwe I cwiQb Kib hfve mv`v KvcoK gqjv _K cwiQb I SKSK KiQb| ZvK `vb Kib Zvi
(dj hvIqv) evwoi Pq Dg evwo, Zvi cwiRbi Pq Dg cwiRb, Zvi `vZ mxi Pq Dg mx| ZvK Avcwb RvbvZ
Contents
207
c`vb Kib Ges Keii ev Rvnvbvgi Avhve _K iv Kib|
AvId Beb gvwjK (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () mvjvZzj Rvbvhv Av`vq Kib, ZLb Avwg Zuvi _K G `yAvwU gyL
Kwi| G `yAv b Avgvi evmbv nwQj h, gZ `nwU hw` AvgviB nZv!1

( )

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: Avjv-v, (Bbv) Ave&`yKv, Iqve&by Ave&w`Kv, Iqve&by AvgvwZKv, Kv-bv Bqvk&nv`y Avb jv- Bjv-nv BjvAvb&Zv, Iqv Avbv gynvv`vb Ave&`yKv Iqv ivm~jyKv, Iqv Avb&Zv AvAjvgy wenx| Avjv-v, Bb& Kvbv gyn&wmbvb dvwh`& dx Bnmvwbnx, Iqv Bb& Kv-bv gymxAvb dvZvRv-Iqvh Avb mvBwqAv-wZnx| Avjv -v jv- Zvnwigbv- AvR&iv, Iqvjv- Zvd&wZb&bv
evA`v|
A_: n Avjvn, G ew Avcbvi ev`v, Avcbvi ev`vi cy, Avcbvi ev`xi cy| m mv w`Z h, Avcwb Qvov Kvbv
gve~` bB Ges gynvv` () Avcbvi ev`v I Avcbvi ivm~j| Avi Avcwb Zvi welq AwaK AeMZ| n Avjvn, hw` m bKKgKvix
nq _vK Ze Avcwb Zvi bwK ew Ki w`b| Avi hw` m cvcvPvix nq _vK Ze Avcwb Zvi cvcivwk gv Ki w`b| n Avjvn,
AvgvìK Zvi cyivi _K ewZ Kieb bv Ges Zvi ci AvgvìK wdZbvM Kieb bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbv dzjvbvebv dzjvb (GLvb D ewi bvg ejZ ne) dx whvwZKv Iqv nve&wj wRIqvwiKv,
dwKwn wgb wdZ&bvwZj Kvewi Iqv Avhvweb bv-wi, Iqv AvbZv Avnjyj Iqvdv-wq| Avjv-v dvM&wdi jv, Iqvinvg, BbvKv
Avb&Zvj Mvdiii ivnxg|
A_: n Avjvn, AgyKi mvb AgyK (gZ ew I Zvi wcZvi bvg) Avcbvi whvq I Avcbvi bKUi iwki ga|
Avcwb ZvK Keii I Rvnvbvgi Avhve _K iv Kib| Avcwb Iqv`v cvjb I cksmvi AwaKvix| AZGe Avcwb ZvK gv
Ki w`b Ges ingZ Kib| wbq AvcwbB gvkxj KiYvgq| nv`xmwU nvmvb|3
ss

(

)

( )
.a
w
w
DPviY: Avjv-v, AvbZv iveynv-, Iqv AvbZv LvjvKZvnv-, Iqv AvbZv nv`vBZvnv- wjj Bmjv-g, Iqv AvbZv KvevZv
invnv-, ZvA&jvgy wmiivnv Iqv Avjv-wbqvZvnv-, wRq&bv dvAv-Av dvMwdi jvnv-|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb Zvi cfy, Avcwb ZvK mw KiQb, Avcwb ZvK Bmjvgi c_ c`kb KiQb, Avcwb Zvi in
MnY KiQb, Avcwb Zvi Mvcb I cKvk mewKQy Rvbb| Avgiv Zvi Rb mycvwik (kvdvAvZ) KiZ GmwQ, AZGe Avcwb ZvK
gv Ki w`b| nv`xmwU nvmvb| 4
cwm Zvweqx nvmvb emix (ivn) Acv eq wki Rvbvhvq m~iv dvwZnv cvV KiZb Ges wbi `yAvwU cvV KiZb:
DPviY: Avjv-vRAvjn~ jvbv- dvivZvI Iqv mvjvdvI Iqv AvRivb|
Contents

A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb GK Avgvì Rb (RvbvZi w`K) AMeZx, AMMvgx I cyivi wnme msiwZ
208
Kib|1
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
3. 8. 2. mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi ci `yAv mybv Z weivax

AbK mvjvZzj Rvbvhv kl Kivi ci Avevi mgeZ nq `yAv Kib| KgwU mybv Z weivax| Rvbvhvi mvjvZi ga
h mgq gZi Rb `yAv KiZ ivm~jjy vn wkv w`qQb I h mgqK `yAvi Rb wbaviY KiQb m mgq gb w`q
gybvRvZ bv Ki, AbK Rvbvhvi mvjvZi mvjvg divbvi ci mLvb ùvwoq Aveviv `yAv-gybvRvZ Kib| Rvbvhvi
mvjvZi mvjvgi cii gybvRvZi G iIqvRwU Avgvì `ki AbK AjB wQj bv| wK GLb G mybv Z weivax KgwU
gv^q Avgvì `ki wewfb GjvKvq Qwoq coQ|
hviv GwUi cPjb KiQb Zviv Gi c AbK hyw I `wjj (!!) c`vb Kib, wK KLbv ivm~jyjv n () ev
mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi mybv Z ev Avgj ck KiZ cvib bv| Zuviv ejb, gZi Rb mvIqve imvbxi wbqvZ Avgiv Zv Kwi,
Rvbvhvi ci GKUy `wi Kiv wbwl bq... BZvw`| Zuvì KD KD nv`xm _K `wjj (!) ck Kib| Avgiv `LwQ,
ivm~jjy vn ejQb: hLb Zvgiv gZi Dci (Rvbvhvi) mvjvZ Av`vq Kie ZLb Zvi Rb `yAv Kivi welq AvwiK
ne| Zuviv ejb h, G nv`xm _K gZi Rvbvhvi ci `yAv Kivi wb`k cgvwYZ nq| Zuviv fyj hvb A_ev gb KiZ Pvb
bv h, `yAvi I mvIqve imvbxi ivm~jyjvn Ges mvnvexMYi mybvZB mevg| `yAv I mvIqve imvbxi I
Zuvì wbavwiZ I AvPwiZ mgq I cwZ MnY KiZ ne| Zvì cwZ njv ZZxq ZvKexii ci `yAv I mvIqve imvbx
Kiv| Zuviv KLbvB Rvbvhvi mvjvZ Av`vqi ci Gfve mvIqve imvbx Kib wb|
GKwU hqxd ev wg_v nv`xmI bB h, ivm~jjy vn , Zuvi mvnvexMY, ZveqxMY ev cieZx BgvgMY KLbv GKeviI
Rvbvhvi mvjvZi mvjvg divbvi ci Avevi gZi Rb gybvRvZ KiQb| Zuviv Rvbvhvi mvjvg divbvi ci KvZvi f
ev KvZvi wVK iL, A_ev Kvbvfve KLbvB `yAv-gybvRvZ Kib wb| Zuviv Rvbvhvi mvjvZi ga- mvjvgi c~e- Av
wiKZvi mv_ gZi Rb `yAv KiQb|
G KviY cvPxb hyM _KB gymwjg Dvni gynvwm I dKxnMY evisevi ejQb h, nv`xm wb`wkZ G `yAvi mgq
Rvbvhvi mvjvZi ga ZZxq ZvKexii ci Ges Rvbvhvi mvjvgi ci Avi Kvbv `yAv Kiv hve bv| 2 KviY GZ ivm~jjy vn
-Gi kLvbv `yAv-cwZi mv_ ew I mshvM Kiv ne Ges Zuvi cwZ Am~Y ej gb ne| ZZxq wnRix kZvxi
cwm dKxn Bgvg Ave~ evKi Beby nvwg` ejb:
.a
ss
mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi ci `yAv Kiv gvKin|3

5g-6 kZKi cwmZg nvbvdx dKxn Bgvg eyinvbyxb gvng~` Beby Avng` Beby Avyj Avhxh Beby gvhvn (551616 wn) ejb:
w
w
mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi ci `yAvi Rb Kvbv gvbyl ùvove bv|

Abyicfve nvbvdx gvhnvei AbK cwm dKxn I Bgvg Rvbvhvi mvjvZi ci `yAv-gybvRvZ Kiv wbla KiQb
Ges weÀvZ ej DjL KiQb| `kg-GKv`k wnRix kZvxi cwm nvbvdx dKxn I gynvwm gyjv Avjx Kvix (1014 wn)
Zvi cwm wgiKvZ M ejb:
mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi ci gZ
ewi Rb `yAv Kie bv; KviY Zv mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi mv_ AwZwi mshvRb ej gb
ne|5
eZ, Avgiv Abvie| Aviex fvlvq mvjvZzj Rvbvhvi ga h `yAv Kwi ZvZ wbRì gbi AveM Avm bv|
Avgvì gb AveM _vK Ai w`q Avjvni KvQ wKQz PvIqvi Rb| GRb G Ljvd mybvZ ixwZwU Avgiv mnRB MnY
Kwi| GK nvjvj Kivi Rb AbK Rvbvhvi KvZvi f `b, hb Rvbvhvi mv_ AwZwi mshvM ej gb bv nq| wK
hfveB Avgiv Zv Kwi bv Kb, ivm~jjy vn -Gi mybvZ Rvbvhvi mv_ AwZwi mshvRb ne| Rvbvhvi mvjvgi ciB
Contents
209
ivm~jjy vn I mvnvexMYi mybvZ wQj gZ`n Zzj `vdbi Rb AMmi nIqv| Avi Avgvì mybv Z, gZ`n iL
w`q wKQz mgq `yAv Kiv| GLb AweKj ivm~jyjvn -Gi cwZZ KD Rvbvhvi mvjvZ kl gZ`n DwVq Keii w`K
ivIqvbv nj Avgvì gb ne gZi Rb `yAv cyY njv bv| Avi GfveB mKj weÀvZi Drcw|
Avgvì `vwqZ mybvZi ga wbRìK mxgve ivLv| Rvbvhvi ga h_vme gbvhvMi mv_ gZi Rb `yAv Kiv|
hw` bv eySZ cvwi ZeyI gb KiZ ne h, Avgiv ivm~jyjvn -Gi kLvbv mgq Zuvi kLvbv fvlvq `yAv KiwQ| nv`xm ejv
nqQ h, mybv Zi Ljvd Kg Keyj ne bv| Avgiv Rvbvhvi cii `yAvq hZB Kuvw` bv Kb, mybvZi Ljvd weavq Zv Keyj ne
bv| Avi ZZxq ZvKexii ci h `yAv Kwi Zv eywS A_ev bv eywS, hnZz Zv mybvZ mgq mybvZ `yAv mnZz Zv Keyj nIqvi Avkv
Kiv hvq| gvBqZi bvRvZi Rb G `yAvB h_| Gici gbi AveM w`q `yAv Kivi Rb mvivwU Rxeb Avgvì Rb Dby
iqQ| Avjvn AvgvìK mybv Zi ga mxgve _vKvi ZvIdxK w`b| Avgxb|
3. 8. 3. Rvbvhv enbi mgq mk whK&i gvKin

Rvbvhvi mvjvZi ci gZ`ni mv_ Kei ch Mgb Kiv I `vdb Kiv ch Acv Kiv gvmb~b Bev`Z| Avgvì
`k AbK gZ`n enbi mgq gyL k Ki wewfb whK&i Kib hv mybvZi Ljvd| Avjvgv Kvmvbx wjLQb :
om
.c
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
Rvbvhvi AbymiYi mgq bxieZvK cjw^Z-vqx Kie (cwic~Y bxieZv cvjb Kie)| G mgq mk whK&i Kiv
gvKin| KviY KvBm Beby Dev`vn _K ewYZ nqQ, ivm~jyjvn -Gi mvnvexMY wZb mgq k Kiv gvKin RvbZb: hyi mgq,
Rvbvhvi mgq I whK&ii mgq| GQvov GZ B`x-bvmvivì AbyKiY Kiv nq, KvRB Zv gvKin|1
Contents
227
cg Aavq
welq mswk whK&i I `yAv
mgq, vb, NUbv ev welq wbic AMwYZ whKi I `yAvi cvkvcvwk ivm~jjy vn Zuvi DZK wewfb Kg I NUbv`yNUbvi Rb wewfb iKg wekl whK&i wkv w`qQb| G Aavq Gic wKQz whK&i, `yAv I mvjvZi AvjvPbv KiZ PvB|
AvjvnB ZvIdxK-`vZv|
5. 1. wmqvg, BdZvi, cvbvnvi, gngvb`vwi BZvw`

whK&i bs 173: bZzb Puv` `Lvi whK&i

[ ]

om
[ ]
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY: Avjv- AvKevi| Avjv-v, Avwnjv AvjvBbv- wej Avg&wb Iqvj Cgvb, Iqvm mvjv-gvwZ Iqvj Bmjv-g|
{IqvZZvIdxwK wjgv- BDwney iveybv- Iqv Bqviv-|} iveybv- Iqv iveyKvjv-|
A_: Avjvn mek| n Avjvn, Avcwb G bZzb Puvì (bZzb gvmi) m~Pbv Kib KjvY, wbivcv I Cgvbi mv_,
kvw I Bmjvgi mv_ {Ges Avgvì cfy hv fvjevmb Ges cQ` Kib Zv cvjbi ZvIdxKmn|} (n bZzb Puv`), Avgvì
I Zvgvi cfy Avjvn|
ivm~jjy vn njvj ev bZzb Puv` `Lj G `yAv ejZb|1 ighvb I mKj gvmi bZzb Puv` `L G `yAv cvV Kiv gvmb~b|
whKi bs 174: wmqvg ii whKi

wmqvgi iZ Kvbv gvmb~b whK&i bB| Ze wmqvg ii c~eB-ivZB- wmqvgi Rb wbqvZ Kiv Riix| gbi
ga RvMiK DkK wbqvZ ej| wmqvgi c~e ivZ kqbi AvM ev mvnwii mgq gywgbi gbi ga wmqvg cvjbi h BQv
GwUB wbqvZ| bvIqvBZzAvb ej ev Ab Kvbvfve gyL wbqZ Kiv Ljvd mybvZ|
whK&i bs 175: BdZvii `yAv-1
nvmvb|2
DPviY : hvnvevh hvgvD, IqveZvjvwZj DiKy, Iqv mvevZvj AvRi, Bb kv-Avjv-n|

A_: wccvmv Pj Mj, wkiv Dcwkiv Av` njv Ges gnvb Avjvni BQvq cyivi wbwZ (cvIbv) njv| nv`xmwU
ss
.a
w`b|
w
w
DPviY : Avjv-v, Bbx AvmAvj~Kv weivngvwZKvjvZx IqvwmAvZ Kzjv kvBwqb Avb ZvMwdivjx|
A_ : n Avjvn, Avcbvi meevcx ingZi Imxjv w`q Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvBwQ h, Avcwb AvgvK gv Ki
Avyjv n Beby Avgi (iv) BdZvii mgq G `yAv ejZb|3

[
]

A_: n Avjvn, Avcbvi RbB Avwg wmqvg cvjb KiwQ Ges Avcbvi wihK viv BdZvi KiwQ| AZGe Avcwb
Avgvi Kg Keyj Kib wbq Avcwb mekvZv me| `yAvwU GKvwaK hqxd mb` ewYZ|4
whK&i bs 178: Lvevii c~ei whK&i
Contents
228
(wemwgjv-n), A_vr Avjvni bvg| iZ Avjvni bvg ejZ fyj Mj eje: (wemwgjv-wn dx AvDAvwjnx Iqv AvwLwinx), A_vr Avjvni bvg Gi c_g Ges Gi kl| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
whK&i bs 179: Lvevii cii whK&i-1
om
DPviY: Avjnvg`y wjjv-wnjvhx AvZAvgvbx nv-hv Iqv ivhvKvbxwn wgb MvBwi nvIwjg wgbx Iqvjv- KIy qvn|
A_: mKj cksmv Avjvni, whwb AvgvK G Lv` LvBqQb Ges AvgvK Zv c`vb KiQb Avgvi Kvbv Aej^b I
gZv QvovB|
ivm~jyjv n ejb, hw` KD Lv` MnY Ki G K_vjv ej Zvnj Zvi c~ev ci Mvbvn gv Kiv ne| nv`xmwU
2
nvmvb|
whK&i bs 180: Lvevii cii whK&i-2
. .

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY: (1) Avjv-v ev-wiK jvbv dxwn Iqv AvZ&wqgbv LvBivb wgb&| (2) Avjv-v ev-wiK jvbv dxwn Iqv
wh`&bv- wgb&|
A_: (1) n Avjvn Avcwb GZ eiKZ c`vb Kib Ges AvgvìK Gi Pq Dg wKQz LvIqvb| (2) n Avjvn, Avcwb
GZ eiKZ c`vb Kib Ges AvgvìK GwU Aviv AwaK cwigvY c`vb Kib|
Beb Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb, Zvgiv Kvbv Lv` MnY Kij eje (1g evKwU)| Avi hw` KD `ya
cvb Ki Ze eje: (2q evKwU)| nv`xmwU nvmvb|3
whK&i bs 181: MnKZvi Rb AwZw_i `yAv-1
( )
DPviY: Avjv-v, AvZBg gvb AvZAvgvbx, IqvmwK gvb mvKv-bx|

A_: n Avjvn, h AvgvK LvBqQ ZvK Avcwb Lv` c`vb Kib Ges h AvgvK cvb KwiqQ ZvK Avcwb cvbxq
c`vb Kib|4
ss
w
w
.a
DPviY: AvdZviv Bb`vKzgym ^v-Bg~b, Iqv AvKvjv ZvAv-gvKzgyj Aveiv-i, Iqv ^vjvZ AvjvBKzgyj gvjv-BKvn|
A_: Zvgvì KvQ ivhv`viMY BdZvi Kib, Zvgvì Lv` bKKviMY fY Kib Ges Zvgvì Rb
wdwikZvMY `yAv Kib|
KD ivm~jyjv n -K BdZvi Kivj ev wmqvg Qvov Ab mgq Kvbv Lv` LvIqvj wZwb G K_v ej Zvi Rb `yAv
5
KiZb|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb Gì h wih&K c`vb KiQb ZvZ eiKZ c`vb Kib, ZvìK gv Kib Ges ZvìK
ingZ Kib|
Avyjvn& weby wek&i ejb, ivm~jyjvn Avgvi wcZvi evwoZ AvMgb Kib| wZwb wKQz Lv` ck Kib| wZwb Zv _K
wKQz Lv` MnY Kib| Avgvi wcZv Zuvi KvQ `yAv Pvb| ZLb wZwb G K_vjv ejb|6
Contents
229
5. 2. FY, kZv, wec`vc`, Ryjg BZvw`

whK&i bs 184: FYgywi `yAv-1
DPviY: Avjv-vKwdbx wenvjv-wjKv Avb nviv-wgKv Iqv AvMwbbx wedv`wjKv Avvb wmIqvKv|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb Avcbvi nvjvj c`vb Ki AvgvK nvivg _K iv Kib Ges Avcbvi `qv I eiKZ c`vb
Ki AvgvK Avcwb Qvov Ab mKji AbyMn _K wegy Ki w`b|
Avjx (iv)-Gi KvQ GK ew FYgywi Rb mvnvh PvBj wZwb ejb, ivm~jjy v n () AvgvK wKQy evK wkwLq
w`qQb, Avwg ZvgvK Zv wkwLq w`wQ| Zvgvi cvnvo cwigvY FY _vKjI Avjvn Zvgvi c _K Zv Av`vq Ki èb
Ges ZvgvK FYgy Kieb| Zzwg eje... (Dcii `yAv)| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
whK&i bs 185: FYgywi `yAv-2
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY: Avjv-v Bbx AvEhy weKv wgbvj nvw Iqvj nvhvwb Iqvj AvRwh Iqvj Kvmvwj, Iqvj eyLwj Iqvj Ryewb,
Iqv w`jvB` `vBwb Iqv MvjvevwZi wiRv-j|
A_: n Avjvn Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ `ywv , `ytL-e`bv, gbvK, AgZv, AjmZv, KcYZv, KvcyilZv,
FYi evSv Ges gvbyli cvavb ev cfvei AaxbZv _K|
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ewk ewk G `yAvwU ejZb|2
whK&i bs 186: FYgyw I ingZi `yAv-3
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY : Avjv-v, gv-wjKvj gyjwK, ZzwZj gyjKv gvb Zvkv-D Iqv ZvbwhDj gyjKv wgvb Zvkv-D| IqvZzBh&hy
gvb Zvkv-D Iqv Zzwhjy gvb Zvkv-D weBqvw`Kvj LvBi, BbvKv Avjv- Kzwj kvBwqb Kv`xi| ivngv-bv` `ybBqv- Iqvj Av-wLivwZ
Iqv ivnxgvgv-, ZzA&wZwngv- gvb Zvkv-D Iqv ZvgbvD wgbgv- gvb Zvkv-D| Binvgbx ivnvgZvb ZzMbxbx wenv- Avb
ivn&gvwZ gvb& wmIqv-Kv|
A_ : n Avjvn, mKj ivRZi gvwjK, Avcwb hvK BQv ivRZ cv`vb Kib Ges hvi _K BQv ivRZ wQwbq bb|
Avcwb hvK BQv mvwbZ Kib Ges hvK BQv AcgvwbZ Kib| Avcbvi nvZB KjvY| wbq Avcwb mKj welqi Dci
kwgvb| cvw_e RMr Ges cvijwK RMZi gnvKiYvgq I Acvi `qvkxj| Avcwb hvK BQv KiYv c`vb Kib Ges hvK BQv
ewZ Kib| Avcwb AvgvK Ggb ingZ c`vb Kib hv AvgvK Avcwb Qvov Ab Kviv KiYv _K AgyLvcx evwbq è|
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn () gyAvhK (iv) ejb, hw` Zzwg G `yAvwU ej cv_bv Ki Zvnj Zvgvi cvnvo
cwigvY FY _vKjI Avjvn Zv Zvgvi c _K Av`vq Ki èb| nv`xmwU nvmvb|3
whK&i bs 187: e_Zvi whK&i
DPviY : Kv`vijv-wn Iqvgv- kv-Av dvAvjv|

A_: Avjvni wbaviY Ges Avjvn hv BQv KiQb Zv KiQb|
Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb: kwkvjx gywgb Avjvni KvQ `yej gywgbi Pq ewk wcq I ewk fvj,
hwÌ mKj gywgbi gaB KjvY we`gvb| Zvgvi Rb KjvYKi welq ARbi Rb Zzwg my`p BQv wbq Pv Kie Ges
Avjvni KvQ mvnvh cv_bv Kie| KLbvB `yej ev nZvk ne bv| hw` Zzwg Kvbv mgmvq wbcwZZ nI (Zzwg e_ nI ev
Contents
230
Zvgvi cPvi Avkvbyic dj bv cvI) Zvnj KLbB eje bv h, hw` Avwg H KvRwU KiZvg! hw` Avwg AgyK
ZgyK KvR KiZvg| eis eje: (Dcii evKwU); KviY, AZxZi Avdmvm g~jK (hw` KiZvg) aibi evKjv kqZvbi
ìRv Lyj `q|1
gywgb e_Zvq nvZvk bv Ki Avjvni Dci cwic~Y mgcY I Avv wbq c~Yv`g mvgb GwMq Pjb| Avjvn Zvjv
AvgvìK `n, gb, Cgvb I Kg mKj welq kwkvjx gywgb nIqvi ZvIdxK w`b, Avgxb!
whK&i bs 188: KwVb KgK mnR Kivi `yAv

DPviY : Avjv-v, jv- mvnjv Bjv- gv- RvAvjZvn~ mvnjvb| Iqv AvbZv ZvRAvjyj nvhbv Bhv- wkq&Zv mvnjvb|
A_ : n Avjvn Avcwb hv mnR Kib Zv Qvov wKQyB mnR bq| Avi Avcwb BQv Kij myKwVbK mnR Kib|
nv`xmwU mnxn|2
whK&i bs 189: Kviv wZi Avkv Kij AvZivi `yAv-1
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbv- bvRAvjyKv dx byn~wiwng Iqv bvEhyweKv wgb iwiwng|

A_ : n Avjvn, Avgiv AvcbvK Zvì K`k ivLwQ Ges Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ Zvì AKjvY _K|
nv`xmwU mnxn|3
whK&i bs 190: Kviv wZi Avkv Kij AvZivi `yAv-2
DPviY: Avjv-vK& wdbxwng wegv- wkA&Zv|

A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb hfve BQv AvgvK Zvì _K msiY Kib|4
whK&i bs 191: Kviv Ryjy gi fq cj AvZivi `yAv

(

)
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY : Avjv-v ivevm mvgv-Iqv-wZm mveB Iqv ivevj Aviwkj Avhxg, Kzb jx Rv-ivb wgb dzjv-b Beby dzjvb (mswk ewi bvg) Iqv Avnhv-wenx wgb Lvjv-BwKKv (Iqv wgb kvi&wi LvjwKKv Kzwjwng RvwgAvb) AvBu BqvdiZv
AvjvBqv Avnv`yg wgbg AvI BqvZMv-, Avhhv Rv-iKv Iqv Rvjv mvbv-DKv, Iqv jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- AvbZv|
A_: n Avjvn, mvZ Avmgvbi cfy I gnvb Aviki cfy, Avcwb AvgvK Avkq c`vb Kib AgyKi cy AgyK
(mswk ewi bvg) _K Ges Avcbvi mwi ga _K hviv Zvi `jej iqQ Zvì _K (Ges mKj Lvivc mwi Agj
_K), Zvì KD hb Avgvi welq mxgvjNb KiZ bv cvi ev Avgvi Dci AZvPvi ev we`vn KiZ bv cvi| Avcwb hvK
Avkq `b m-B mvwbZ| Avcbvi cksmv gwngvgwZ| Avcwb Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB|
Avyjvn Beby gvmE` (iv) I Avyjvn Beby Avevm (iv) _K ewYZ, Zuviv ejb: KD Kvbv kvmK, ckvmK ev
gZvai _K wZi Avkv Kij G `yAvwU cvV Kie| nv`xmwU mnxn|5
whK&i bs 192: wec`-K wbcwZZ ewi `yAv
DPviY: Bbv- wjjv-wn Iqv Bbv- BjvBwn iv-wREb| Avjv-vA& Ryibx dx gymxevZx Iqv AvLwjd jx LvBivg wgbnv-|
A_: wbq Avgiv Avjvni Rb Ges wbq Zuvi KvQB Avgiv wdi hve| n Avjvn Avcwb AvgvK G wec` gywmeZi
cyivi c`vb Kib Ges AvgvK Gi cwieZ Gi Pq Dg wKQy c`vb Kib|
Dyj gywgbxb Dy mvjvgvn (iv) ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjv nK () ejZ bwQ, hw` Kvbv gymwjg wec`M nq G
K_vjv ej Zvnj Avjvn ZvK AekB D wZi cwieZ Dg welq `vb Ki wZc~iY Ki wèb| Dy mvjvgvn ejb,
Contents

Avgvi ^vgx Avey mvjvgvni gZzi ci Avwg wPv Kijvg, Avey mvjvgvi Pq Avi K fvj nZ cvi! ... ZviciI
Avwg G K_vjv ejjvg| ZLb Avjvn AvgvK Avey mvjvgvi ci ivm~jjy vnK () ^vgx wnmve c`vb Kib|1
231
whKi bs 193: wec`MK `Lj ejvi `yAv
5. 3. Abvb wewfb welqi whKi
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
DPviY: Avj-nvg`y wjjv-wnjvhx Av-dv-bx wgve& Zvjv-Kv wenx Iqv dv&vjvbx Avjv- Kvmxwig wgvb Lvjvv
Zvd&xjvb|
A_: cksmv Avjvni Rb, whwb ZvgvK h wec`wU w`q cixv KiQb m wec` _K AvgvK wbivc` iLQb Ges
AvgvK Zuvi AbK mwi _K AwaK ghv`v w`qQb|
Dgvi Bebyj Lvve (iv) Ges Ave~ ivBiv (iv) _K c_K mb` ewYZ, Zuviv ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejb, hw` KD
Kvbv wec`M `L Dcii K_vjv ej Ze m D wec` ev Amyweav _K (AvRxebi Rb) wbivcv jvf Kie, (wec`
hgbB nvK bv Kb)| Bgvg mvBbi (iv) c gynvv` Avj-evwKi ejb, wec` ev Amyweavq wbcwZZ gvbyl `Lj ZvK bv
wbq wbRi gb G K_v ejZ ne| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
mywcq cvVK, Kvbv mgmvM ev wec`M ew `L ZvK `yAv I bwmnZ Kivi cvkvcvwk wbRi gb Avjvn KZZv
cKvk AZ iZcY~ | KviY Avgiv mvaviYZ G wec`MK Dcnvm ev Aevi `wZ `wL I Anvi Avv nB|
hgb Kvbv eìvMx, nUKvwi, SMovU, e`gRvwR, aygcvqx, AcwiQb, ZvZjv, cvcwj, Akvfb Kg wj ev h Kvbv
agxq, cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK, bwZK, `wnK ev A_bwZK mgmv, wec` ev Amyweavq wj gvbylK `Lj Zvi cwZ Aevi
Abyfw~ Z Avgvì ga cek Ki| Gfve Avgiv Anvi I AKZZvq wj nB| G mgq gywgbK `q w`q Abyfe KiZ
ne h, gnvb Avjvn `qv Ki ZvK D ^fve ev Aev _K iv KiQb| `q Gic Abyfw~ Z jvjb Ki gyL Dcii
`yAvwU ejj Avgiv `ywbqv I AvwLivZi Adzi mvIqve, eiKZ I wbivcv jvf KiZ cvie|
wec`gywi Abvb `yAv
Abvb h Kvbv K, DrKv, mvbjvf, wec`gyw BZvwì Rb G eBqi 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 157 bs
whK&i cvV Ki `yAv Kieb| gnvb Avjvni Bmg Avhg I ì` mvagZ ewk Ki coeb Ges covi duvKduvK wbRi fvlvq
Avjvni KvQ `yAv Kiv| Avgiv cieZx Aavq ivMevwa welqK whKi AvjvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avjvn|
whK&i bs 194: va wbqYi whK&i
ss
DPviY : AvEhy wejv-wn wgbvk kvBZv-wbi ivRxg|

A_ : Avwg Avjvni Avkq MnY KiwQ weZvwoZ kqZvb _K|
myjvBgvb Beby myiv` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb, G K_vwj ejj vavw^Z ewi va `~ixf~Z
.a
ne|3
w
w
Avgiv `LwQ, va `gb Kiv Ges hvi Dci ivM nqQ ZvK gv Kiv Avjvni ingZ jvfi AbZg
c_| KvRB gywgbi DwPZ va Abyfe Kij A_i w`K j Ki G evKwU evievi ejv|
whK&i bs 195: nuvwPi whK&img~n
(K). Kviv nuvwP nj wZwb ejeb:
(

)

DPviY : Avj-nvg`y wjjv-wn (Avjv- Kzwj nvj)|

A_ : mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb (mKj Aevq)|
(L). nuvwP-`vbKvixK (Avjnvg`ywjjvn) ejZ bj kvZv ejeb:

DPviY: BqvinvgyKvjv-| A_: Avjvn AvcbvK ingZ Kib|
(M). nuvwP`vZvK (BqvinvgyKvjvn) ejj wZwb Di ejeb:
Contents
232
DPviY : Bqvnw`Kzgjy v- Iqv BD^wj ev-jvKzg|

A_: Avjvn AvcbvìK myc_ cwiPvwjZ Kib Ges Avcbvì AevK fvj I cwi Kib|
nuvwP w`j mybvZ Avjnvg`y wjjvn, Avj-nvg`y wjjvwn ivwej Avjvgxb ev Avj-nvg`y wjjvwn Avjv Kzwj
nvj ejv| nuvwP-`vZv G whK&i Kij Zuvi cvIbv h, whwb D whK&i beb wZwb ZuvK `yAv Ki ejeb: BqvinvgyKvjv -| G
`yAvi Di nuvwP c`vbKvix ejeb: Bqvnw`Kzgjy v-, A_ev Bqvnw`Kzgjy v- Iqv BD^wj ev-jvKzg|
mvjvgi Di c`vbi bvq nuvwPi `yAvi Di c`vbi Rb nv`xm wekl wb`k Ìqv nqQ| Avgvì mgvR G
mybv Zwj AenwjZ|
whK&i bs 196: cvkvK cwiavbi `yAv
.c
om
DPviY: Avjnvg`y wjjv-wnjvhx Kvmv-bx nv-hvmmvIev Iqv ivhvKvbxwn wgb MvBwi nvIwjg wgbx Iqvjv- KIy qvn|
A_: cksmv Avjvni, whwb AvgvK G cvkvK cwiavb KwiqQb Ges AvgvK Zv c`vb KiQb, Avgvi Kvbv
Aej^b I kw Qvov-B|
ivm~jjy vn ejb, hw` KD cvkvK cwiavbi mgq G K_v ej Zvnj Zvi c~ev ci Mvbvn gv Kiv ne|1
whK&i bs 197: bZzb cvkvK cwiavbi `yAv
un
na
ht
ru
st
DPviY: Avjv-v, jvKvj nvg`y, AvbZv KvmvIZvbxwn| AvmAvjyKv LvBiv Iqv LvBiv gv ^wy bAv jvn~, Iqv AvEhy
weKv wgb kviwinx Iqv kviwi gv ^ywbAv jvn~|
A_: n Avjvn, AvcbviB mKj cksmv| Avcwb AvgvK GwU cwiavb KwiqQb| Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cv_bv KiwQ Gi
KjvY Ges h KjvYi Rb Zv Drcvw`Z| Avwg Avcbvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ Gi AKjvY Ges h AKjvYi Rb Zv
Drcvw`Z|2
whK&i bs 198: bZzb cvkvK cwiwnZi Rb `yAv
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY : Zzejv- Iqv BDLwjdzjv - ZvAv-jv|

A_: GwU eenvi b nvK Ges Avjvn Gi e`j Ab cvkvK c`vb Kib| (Avjvn AvcbvK `xNRxeb c`vb Kib hvZ
Avcwb G bZzb cvkvK eenvi Ki b Ki bZzb cvkvK eenvii myhvM cvb)|
mvnvexMY KvDK bZzb cvkvK ciZ `Lj G `yAv KiZb|3
whK&i bs 199: cwiavbi Kvco Lvjvi `yAv
Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejb:
...

hLb Zvgvì KD Kvco Lyje ev AbveZ ne ZLb gvbyli v I wRbì `wi gvS c`v wemwgjvn ejv|
nv`xmwU mnxn|4
whK&i bs 200: DcKvixi KZZv cKvkK `yAv
DPviY: Rvhv-Kvjv- LvBivb|

A_: Avjvn AvcbvK Dg cwZ`vb c`vb Kib|
Contents
233
Avgiv `LwQ h, gywgb KvDK DcKivi Kij KLbvB Zvi _K KZZv ev cwZ`vbi Avkv Ki bv|
cvi DcKZ gywgbi `vwqZ, DcKvixi KZZv cKvk Kiv, Zvi cksmv Kiv, Zvi DcKvii K_v AKcU ^xKvi Kiv Ges Zvi
Rb `yAv Kiv| ivm~jjy vn ejQb, KD Kviv DcKvi Kij m hw` DcKvixK G K_v ej KZZv Rvbvq Zvnj Zv mevg
cksmv Kiv ne| nv`xmwU nvmvb|1
whK&i bs 201: KvDK cksmv Kivi gvmb~b whK&i

Kvb gvbyli wcQb wb`v Kiv Ges mvgb XvjvI cksmv Kiv Aciva| cksmvi Kviv wekl ^fve ev Yi
cksmv Kiv hZ cvi| Kviv XvjvI cksmv KiZ ev wbwZic KvDK fvj ejZ nv`xm wbla Kiv nqQ| cksmvi
ejZ ne: Avgvi aviYv, AgyK ew fvj; wbqZv cKvk Kiv hve bv| ivm~jjy vn ejb, Zvgvì hw` KLbv
KvDK cksmv KiZ-B nq Zvnj eje :
.c
om
Avwg AgyKK Gic gb Kwi, AvjvnB ZvK fvj Rvbb (wZwb Zvi cwic~Y wnme msiK), Avjvni Dci Avwg
KvDK fvj ejwQ bv| Avwg ZvK AgyK AgyK Yi AwaKvix ej gb Kwi|2
whK&i bs 202: ckswmZi `yAv
mvnvex-ZveqxMYi ixwZ wQj, KD ZuvìK avwgK ejj ev cksmv Kij Zuviv K cZb| KD Zuvì fvj
ejj Zviv ejZb:
un
na
ht
ru
st
(
)

A_ : n Avjvn, Giv hv ejQ GRb AvgvK `vqx Kieb bv, Avi Zviv hv Rvb bv, Avgvi m me cvc Avcwb gv
Ki w`b (Ges Zviv hic aviYv KiQ AvgvK Zvi PqI Dg evwbq w`b|)|3
whKi bs 203: wZjvIqvZi mvR`vi `yAv
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY: Avjv-vK&Zze jx wenv- Bb`vKv AvR&ivb, IqvvA& Avbx wenv- weh&ivb, IqvR&Avj&nv- jx Bb&`vKv hyL&ivb, Iqv
Zvvevjnv- wgbx Kvgv- Zvvevj&Zvnv- wgb Ave&w`Kv `vE`|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb wjwce Kib Avgvi Rb G mvR`vi wewbgq cyivi, Ges AcmviY Kib Avgvi _K Gi
wewbgq cvc-evSv, Ges evwbq w`b GK Avcbvi wbKU m`, Ges Keyj Kib GK Avgvi _K hgb Keyj KiwQjb Avcbvi
ev`v `vE` _K|
Beby Avevm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () mvR`vi AvqvZ wZjvIqvZ Ki mvR`v Kib Ges G `yAvwU cvV Kib| nv`xmwU
4
nvmvb|
whKi bs 204: `vvji wdZbv _K AvZivi `yAv
Ave~ `vi`v (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejb:
h ew m~iv Kvn&d-Gi c_g `kwU AvqvZ gyL Kie m `vvj _K msiwZ _vKe|5 Gi cvkvcvwk `yAv gvmyivjv
cov DwPZ|
whKi bs 205: ^c welqK `yAv
Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb:

... .

Contents
234
^c wZb cKvii: (1) bK ^c Avjvni c _K mymsev`, (2) Lvivc ^c kqZvbi c _K gvbylK
`ywvM I DrKwZ Kivi Rb Ges (3) gvbyli wbRi gbi Kbv| KvRB KD hw` Ggb ^c `L hv Zvi cQ` bq Ze
m hb DV mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Ges KvDK G ^ci K_v bv ej|... Avi Kvbv Avwjg ev KjvYKvgx ew Qvov Kviv KvQ
^ci K_v eje bv|1
Zvweqx Ave~ mvjvgv ejb, `yt^c `L Avwg AvZwZ I Amy nq coZvg| Avwg Ave~ KvZv`v (iv)-K welqwU Rvbvjvg|
wZwb ejjb, AvwgI ^c `L Amy nq coZvg| ivm~jjy vn -Gi K_v b Avgvi G Aevi Aemvb NU| Avwg Avi Kvbv `yt^cK
civqv Kwi bv| ivm~jjy v n ejb:
om

( )
( )
:( ) )
( ) (
) ( )

(
)
( ) (
) (

( : )

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
fvj ^c Avjvni c _K Ges Lvic ^c kqZvbi c _K| KvRB KD hw` AcQ`bxq ^c `L Ze m hb Nyg
fvOj Zvi evg w`K wZbevi dzuK ev _yK `q Ges D ^ci I kqZvbi Agj-Awb _K Avjvni Avkq MnY Ki (Ab
nv`xm: m hb wZbevi Avkq MnY Ki Ges cvk cwieZb Ki) (Ges m hb DV mvjvZ co)| Zvnj G ^c Zvi KvbvB wZ
Kie bv| Avi m hb G ^ci K_v KvDK bv ej| Avi hw` KD Kvbv fvj ^c `L Zvnj m hb ^cwUK mymsev` wnme
MnY Ki- Avbw`Z nq (Ab nv`xm: m hb Avjvni cksmv Ki) Ges ^cw Ui K_v Zvi wcqfvRb Kvbv ew Qvov KvDK eje
bv|2
Zvnj, fvj ^c `Lj Avjvni cksmv KiZ ne| AZ Avj-nvg`y wjjv-n KqKevi ejZ ne| Avi AcQ`bxq ^c
`Lj wZb evi evg _yK w`Z ne Ges ^cwUi AKjvY I kqZvb _K Avjvni Avkq wbZ ne| AZ wZbevi AvDhy wejvwn wgbvk
kvBZvwbi ivRxg ejv Ges AZ wZbevi evsjvq: Avjvn, Avwg G ^ci Agj _K Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ-ejv DwPZ| me nj
`y-Pvi ivKAvZ wKqvgyjvBj mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv|
whK&i bs 206: x ev ^vgxK MnYi `yAv
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY : Avjv-v, Bbx AvmAvjyKv LvBivnv- Iqv LvBiv gv- RvevjZvnv- AvjvBwn, Iqv AvEhy weKv wgb kviwinvIqv kviwi gv- RvevjZvnv- AvjvBwn|
A_: n Avjvn Avwg Avcbvi KvQ PvB, G bvixi KjvY Ges hv wKQy KjvY Gi cKwZi ga w`q Avcwb GK mw
KiQb| Avi Avwg Avcbvi Avkq PvB G bvixi AKjvY _K Ges hv wKQy AKjvYKi welq Gi cKwZi ga w`q Avcwb
GK mw KiQb| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
xI bZzb ^vgxK MnYi Rb G `yAv KiZ cvib| AviexZ (nv-)Gi j (n~/ nx): LvBivn~, RvevjZvn~,
kviwinx... ejeb|
whKi bs 207: be`wZi `yAv
DPviY: ev-ivKvjv- jvKv Iqv ev-ivKv AvjvBKv, Iqv RvgvAv evBbvKzgv weLvBi|
A_: Avjvn ZvgvK eiKZ c`vb Kib, ZvgvK eiKgZq Kib Ges ZvgvìK KjvYi ga GKwZ Kib|
Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, be weevwnZK Awfb`b RvbvZ ivm~jjy v n G K_v ejZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
whKi bs 208: `vZ mKi `yAv
DPviY: wemwgjv-wn, Avjv-v, Rvwbe&bvk& kvBZv-bv Iqv Rvwbwek kvBZv-bv gv- ivhv&Zvbv-|
A_: Avjvni bvg, n Avjvn, AvgvìK kqZvb _K `~i ivLyb Ges Avgvì hv wihK wèb Zv _K
kqZvbK `~i ivLyb|
Contents
235
ivm~jjy v n ejb, `vZ wgjbi c~e hw` KD G K_v ej Ze Zvì wgjb mvb Rb wbj ZvK
kqZvb wZ Kie bv|1
whKi bs 209: beRvZKi Rb Awfb`b
.

DPviY: ev-ivKvjv jvKv wdj gvDn~we jvKv, Iqv kvKviZvj Iqv-wnev, Iqv evjvMv Avv, Iqv iwhZv wei&iv|
A_: AvcbvK Avjvn h beRvZK Dcnvi w`qQb ZvK Avjvn eiKZgq Kib, Avcwb Dcnvi`vZvi KZZv cKvk
Kib, beRvZK c~Y eqm jvf KiK Ges Avcwb Zvi wL`gZ jvf Kib|
whKi bs 210: beRvZKi Awfb`bi Di
.c
om
DPviY: ev-ivKvjv jvKv Iqv ev-ivKv AvjvBKv, Iqv Rvhv-Kvjv LvBivb, Iqv ivhvvKvjv wgmjv, Iqv AvRhvjv
mvIqv-evKv|
A_: Avjvn AvcbvK eiKZ c`vb Kib, AvcbvK eiKZgq Kib, AvcbvK Dg cyivi c`vb Kib, AvcbvK Abyic
Dcnvi c`vb Kib, Avcbvi mvIqve eY evwoq w`b|
Kvbv Kvbv mvnvex _K Dcii Awfb`b I DiwU ewYZ|2
whKi bs 211: Soi `yAv
un
na
ht
ru
st
DPviY: Avjv-v Bbx Avm&AvjyKv LvBivnv Iqv LvBiv gv- dxnv, Iqv LvBiv gv- Di&wmjvZ& wenx| Iqv AvEhy weKv wgb
kvi&winv, Iqv kvi&wi gv- dxnv, Iqv kvi&wi gv- Di&wmjvZ& wenx|
A_: n Avjvn Avwg Avcbvi KvQ cv_bv KiwQ Gi (G evZvmi) KjvY, Gi ga we`gvb KjvY I G hv enb Ki
GbQ m KjvY| Avi Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ Gi Awb Gi ga we`gvb Awb Ges h Awb m enb Ki GbQ Zv
_K|
Avqkv (iv) ejb, So DVj ivm~jyjvn G K_v ejZb|3
whKi bs 212: eRawb keYi `yAv
.a
ss
DPvib: mye& nv-bvjvhx BDmvwei& ivA`y wenvg&w`nx Iqvj gvjv-wqKvZz wgb wLdvwZnx|
A_: cweZv Zuvi eRawb Zuvi mcksm gwngv I cweZv NvlYv Ki, wdwik&ZvMYI Zv-B Ki Zuvi fq|
Avyjv n Beby hyevBi (iv) eRawb bj G `yAv ejZb|4
whKi bs 213: ewcvZi `yAv
w
w

( )
DPvib: Avjv-v, ^vBwqevb bv-wdAvb|

A_: n Avjvn, KjvYgq cej ewcvZ c`vb Kib|
Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ew `Lj G K_v ejZb|5
whKi bs 214: wkiK _K Avkqjvfi `yAv
DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx AvEhy weKv Avb& Dk&wiKv weKv Iqv Avbv AvA&jvgy, Iqv Avm&ZvMwdiKv wjgv- jv- AvA&jvgy|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg vZmvi wkiK Kiv _K Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ Ges AvZmvi hv NU Zvi Rb Avcbvi
KvQ gv PvwQ|
Contents
236
Ave~ evKi wmxK (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejb, Zvgvì ga wkiK wcwcwjKvi c`PviYvi PqI m~|
Ave~ evKi (iv) ejb, Avjvn Qvov Ab Kviv Bev`Z Kiv ev WvKvB wK ay wkiK bq? ivm~jyjv n ejb, ... eis Zv
wcwcwjKvi c`PviYvi PqI m~| Avwg ZvgvK GKwU welq wkwLq w`wQ hv cvjb Kij QvU I eo wkiK Zvgvi _K
`~wif~Z ne| Zzwg -Dcii `yAvwU- eje| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
whKi bs 215: Af ev Ahvv aviYvi Kvd&dviv
om
DPviY: Avjv-v, jv- ZvBiv Bjv- ZvBiKv, Iqvjv- LvBiv Bjv- LvBiKv, Iqv jv- Bjv-nv MvBiKv|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcbvi fvf Qvov Kvbv AfZ bB, Avcbvi KjvY Qvov Kvbv KjvY bB Ges Avcwb Qvov
Kvbv Bjvn bB|
Beb Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb, Af ev Ahvv wPv Ki h ew Zvi Kg _K weiZ _vKj m ew
wkiK wbcwZZ njv| mvnvexMY ejb, n Avjvni ivm~j, Gic wPv gb Avmj Zvi Kvd&dviv Kx? wZwb ejb, m hb
(Dcii K_vjv) ej| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
whKi bs 216: evnb AvivnYi `yAv
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
(

)

ss
DPviY: wem&wgjv-n, Avj-nvg`y wjjv-n, mye& nv-bvjvhx mvL&Lviv jvbv- nv-hv- Iqvgv- Kzbb& v- jv gy&wibxb, Iqv
Bbv- Bjv- ivwebv- jvgyb
& vwje~b| Avj-nvg`y wjjv-n, Avj-nvg`y wjjv-n, Avj-nvg`y wjjv-n, Avjv- AvK&evi, Avjv-
AvK&evi, Avjv- AvK&evi, (jv- Bjv-nv Bjv- Avb&Zv,) mye& nv-bvKv, Bbx hvjvg&Zz bvd&mx dvM&wdi&jx, dvBbv jvBqvMwdih& hybe~ v Bjv- AvbZv|
A_: Avjvni bvg, cksmv Avjvni Rb| cwe I gnvb wZwb, whwb GìK Avgvì ekxf~Z Ki w`qQb, hwÌ
Avgiv mg_ wQjvg bv GìK ekxf~Z KiZ| cksmv Avjvni Rb (3 evi), Avjvn mek (3 evi) (Avcwb Qvov Kvbv Bjvn
bB), Avcbvi cweZv NvlYv KiwQ, Avwg Avgvi wbRi Dci AZvPvi KiwQ KvRB Avcwb AvgvK gv Kib| Avcwb Qvov
KD cvc gv Ki bv|
ivm~jjy v n evnb AvivnYi mgq wemwgjvn ejZb, DV emvi ci evKx K_vjv ejb| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
whKi bs 217: mdi I cZveZbi `yAv
.a
w
w
....
DPviY: Avjv- AvK&evi, Avjv- AvK&evi, Avjv - AvK&evi| mye& nv-bvjvhx mvL&Lviv jvbv- nv-hv- Iqvgv- Kzb&bvjv
gy&wibxb, Iqv Bbv- Bjv- ivwebv- jvgyb&vwje~b| Avjv-v Bbv- bvm&AvjyKv dx mvdvwibv- nv-hv- Avj-wei&iv IqvZ& Zv&Iqv, Iqv
wgbvj Avgvwj gv- Zviv-| Avjv-v, nvIwqb AvjvBbv- mvdvivbv- nv-hv- IqvZw& q Avb&bv eyD&`v| Avjv-v, AvbZvm ^v-wney
wdm mvdvwi Iqvj LvjxdvZz wdj Avnwj| Avjv-v Bbx AvEhy weKv wgb& IqvAvmv-wqm mvdvwi Iqv KvAv-evwZj gvb&hvwi, Iqv
m~wqj gybK
& vjvwe wdj gv-wj Iqvj Avn&j| ... (divi mgq): Av-wqe~bv, Zv-wqe~bv, Av-we`~bv wjivwebv nv-wg`~b|
A_: Avjvn mek (3 evi)| cwe wZwb whwb GìK Avgvì ekxf~Z KiQb, hwÌ Avgiv mg_ wQjvg bv GìK
ekxf~Z KiZ| n Avjvn, Avgiv Avgvì G mdi Avcbvi KvQ gjgq Kg Ges ZvKIqv cv_bv KiwQ Ges Avcbvi cQ`bxq Kg
Kivi ZvIdxK cv_bv KiwQ| n Avjvn, Avcwb Avgvì Rb G mdiwU mnR Ki w`b Ges Gi `~iZ msKzwPZ Ki w`b| n Avjvn,
Contents
237
mdi AvcwbB Avgvì mv_x Ges cwievi-cwiRbi KvQ AvcwbB Avgvì Ljxdv-jvwfwl| n Avjvn, Avwg mdii
KvwVb, gbvKKi `k Ges m` I cwievi AKjvYgq cZveZb _K Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ|(divi mgq) Avgiv
cZveZb KiwQ, ZvIev KiwQ, Avgvì iei Bev`Z KiwQ Ges cksmv KiwQ|
Avyjv n Beb Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn mdii iZ G `yAvwU coZb| divi mgq `yAvwUi mv_ kli
evKjv ejZb|1
whKi bs 218: mdii mgq we`vqx `yAv
.c
om
DPviY: Avm&ZvDw`DKvjv-nv (eePb: Avm&ZvDw`DKzgjy v -nv) Avjvhx jv- ZvxD Iqv`v-wqD|

A_: ZvgvK (eePb: Zvgvi`K) MwQZ ivLwQ Avjvni KvQ, hvi KvQ MwQZ wKQzB web nq bv|
Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n AvgvK we`vqKvj Dcii K_vwj ejb| Ab eYbvq Zvweqx g~mv Beb
Iqvi`vb ejb, Avwg GKwU mdii wbqvZ Ki Ave~ ivBiv (iv)-Gi KvQ we`vq wbZ Mjvg| wZwb ejb, fvwZRv, ivm~jjy v n
we`vq bIqvi mgq AvgvK GKwU K_v ejZ wkwLqwQjb, Avwg wK ZvgK Zv wkwLq è? Gici wZwb Dcii `yAvwU
wkwLq w`jb| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
Zvnj, gymvwdi we`vq-`vZvK G `yAv ejeb| Ze we`vqKvj gymvwdi I we`vq`vZv DfqB G `yAv ciiK
ejZ cvib|
whKi bs 219: gymvwdiK we`vq Rvbvbvi `yAv-1
un
na
ht
ru
st
DPviY: Avm&ZvDw`Djv-nv `xbvKv Iqv Avgv-bvZvKv Iqv LvIqv-wZgv AvA&gv-wjKv|

A_: Avjvni KvQ MwQZ ivLwQ Zvgvi `xb, Zvgvi AvgvbZ Ges Zvgvi Kgi cwiYwZ| (mdii KviY Gwj hb
wZM bv nq|)
Avyjv n Beb Dgvi (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n hLb KvDK we`vq RvbvZb ZLb Zvi nvZ ai gymvdvnv (Kig`b)
KiZb Ges Dcii K_vwj ejZb| Ab nv`xm Avyjv n Beb Bqvhx` LvZgx (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n hLb Kvbv evwnbxK
we`vq RvbvZb ZLb G K_v ejZb| Ze G GKePb (Kv)-Gi cwieZ eePb (Kzg: Zvgvì) k eenvi KiZb:
Avm&ZvDw`Djv-nv `xbvKzg Iqv Avgv-bvZvKyg Iqv LvIqv-wZgv AvA&gv-wjKzg: Avjvni wbKU MwQZ ivLwQ Zvgvì `xb,
Zvgvì AvgvbZ Ges Zvgvì Kgi cwiYwZ| nv`xm `ywU mnxn|3
whKi bs 220: gymvwdiK we`vq Rvbvbvi `yAv-2
ss
w
w
.a
DPviY: hvIAv`vKvjv-Z ZvIqv, Iqv Mvdviv jvKv hvbevKv, Iqv Bqvm&mviv jvKvj LvBiv nvBmygv KzbZv|
A_: Avjvn ZvKIqvK Zvgvi cv_q wnme c`vb Kib, Zvgvi Mvbvn gv Kib Ges Zzwg hLvbB _vK bv Kb
Zvgvi Rb gjK mnR Kib|
Avbvm Beb gvwjK (iv) ejb, GK ew ivm~jjy v n -Gi KvQ Gm ej, Avwg mdii wmv wbqwQ, AvgvK cv_q
w`b| ZLb wZwb G K_vjv ej Zvi Rb `yAv Kib| nv`xmwU nvmvb|4
whKi bs 221: Kvbv vb cek ev Aevbi `yAv-1
DPviY: AvEhy weKvwjgv-wZjv-wnZ Zv-v-wZ, wgb kvi&wi gv- LvjvKv|

A_: Avjvni cwic~Y evKmg~ni Avkq MnY KiwQ, wZwb hv wKQy mw KiQb Zvi AKjvY _K| (c~ev 146 bs
whKi)
Avgiv `LwQ h, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb, hw` KD Kvbv vb Mgb Ki ev mdi Kv_vI _vg Ges G `yAvwU ej,
Zvnj Z_vq AevbKvj Kvbv wKQy Zvi wZ KiZ cvie bv|
whKi bs 222: Kvbv vb cek ev Aevbi `yAv-2
Contents
238

( )

.

om
DPviY: Avjv-v ivevm mvgvIqv-wZm mve&wq Iqvgv- Avh&jvj&bv, Iqv ivevj Avivxbvm mve&wq Iqvgv- Av&jvj&bv,
Iqv ivevk kvBqvZxwb Iqvgv- Av&jvj&bv Iqv ivevi wiqv-wn Iqv hvivBbv Avm&AvjyKv LvBiv nv-whwnj vi&BqvwZ Iqv LvBiv
Avn&wjnv, (Iqv LvBwi gv- dxnv), Iqv bvEhy weKv wgb& kvi&winv- Iqv kvi&wi Avn&wjnv- Iqv kvi&wi gv- dxnv|
A_: n Avjvn, mvZ Avmgvb I mjvi wbgi mewKQzi cwZcvjK, mvZ hwgb I mjvi Dcii mewKQzi
cwZcvjK, kqZvbMY I Zvì viv wevì cwZcvjK, evqyce vn Ges hv wKQz Zv enb Ki Zvi cwZcvjK, Avwg Avcbvi
KvQ cv_bv KiwQ G Rbcì KjvY, Gi evwm`vì KjvY (Ges Gi ga hv wKQz we`gvb Zvi KjvY)| Ges Avgiv Avcbvi
Avkq MnY KiwQ G Rbcì AKjvY, Gi evwm`vì AKjvYGes Gi ga hv wKQz we`gvb Zvi AKjvY _K|
mynvBe (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n Kvbv Rbc` `LjB Z_vq ceki c~e G K_vjv ejZb| nv`xmwU
1
mnxn|
whKi bs 223: evRvi ev Kg j ceki `yAv
.c
un
na
ht
ru
st
DPviY: Avjv-v Bbx Avm&AvjyKv wgb& LvBwinv- Iqv LvBwi Avn&wjnv Iqv AvEhy weKv wgb kvi&winv Iqv kvi&wi
Avn&wjnv|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi KvQ cv_bv KiwQ Gvbi KjvY I GLvb AevbiZì KjvY Ges Avwg
Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ Gi AKjvY Ges GLvb AevbiZì AKjvY _K|
Avyjv n Beb gvmE` _K ewYZ, wZwb evRvii cekgyL ùvwoq evRvii w`K gyL Ki G `yAvwU co evRvi
cek Kib|2
Dci Rbc` ceki `yAv `ywU evRvi ceki mgqI cov cqvRb| GQvov c~ev 95/145 bs whKiI cov
DwPZ|
whKi bs 224: cQ` I AcQ`bxq welqi whKi

( )
( )
DPviY: (1) Avj&nvg&`y wjjv-wnjvhx wewbA&gvwZnx ZvwZym& ^v-wjnv-Z| (2) Avj&nvg&`y wjjv-wnjv-wn Avjv- Kzwj
ss
nv-j|
w
w
.a
A_: (1) cksmv Avjvni wbwg hvi wbqvgZ fvjKgjv mvwaZ nq| (2) cksmv Avjvni mevevq|
Avqkv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn Kvbv Avb``vqK welq `Lj ev Rvbj c_g evKwU ejZb Ges Kvbv
AcQ`bxq welq `Lj ev `ymsev` cj wZxq evKwU ejZb| nv`xmwU mnxn|3
whKi bs 225: KUzevK ejj
DPviY: Avjv-v, dvAvBDgv- gyAw& gbxb mveve&Zzn~ dvR&Avj& hv-wjKv jv zievZvb BjvBKv BqvIgvj wqvgvn|
A_: n Avjvn, h Kvbv gywgb ev`vK Avwg KUzevK ej _vKj ev Mvwj w`q _vKj Avcwb mwUK Zvi Rb
wKqvgZi w`b Avcbvi bKU (mvIqve) cwiYZ Kib| Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, wZwb ivm~jjy vn -K G K_v ejZ
bb|4
whKi bs 226: Avjvni mvov jvf I gv jvfi `yAv
Contents
239
DPviY: jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv- Iqvjv- AvKevi| jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv- Iqvn`v| jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv-
Iqvn`v jv- kvixKv jv| jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv- jvj gyjKy Iqv jvj nvg`| jv- Bjv-nv Bjvjv- Iqv jv- nvIjv Iqv jvKIy qvZv Bjv wejv-n|
A_: Avjvn Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB Ges Avjvn mek| Avjvn Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB, wZwb GKK| Avjvn Qvov
Kvbv gvey` bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi Kvbv kixK bB| Avjvn Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB, ivRZ ZuviB Ges cksmv ZuviB| Avjvn
Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB Kvbv Aej^b bB, Kvbv gZv bB Avjvni (mvnvh) Qvov|
Ave~ mvqx` Lyìx (iv) I Ave~ ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejb, hLb Kvbv ev`v G evKjv ej ZLb Avjvn
Zuvi mv_ mvov `b Ges hw` KD Amy Aevq G K_vwj ej Gici m gZziY Ki Ze Avb ZvK k Kie bv|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|1
om
whKi bs 227: MelK, gydZx I mZvbymvbxi `yAv

ZZxq Aavq mvjvZ ii PZz_ whKi (whKi bs 49) `Lyb| cZK MelK, Avwjg, gydZx I mZmvbx gywgbi
DwPZ Zvnvyì iZ, mvR`vq I Abvb mKj mgq G `yAvwU ewk ewk cvV Kiv|
5. 4. Aviv KqKwU eiKZgq gvmb~b `yAv
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
GLvb mnxn ev nvmvb mb` ewYZ 15U gvmb~b `yAv DjL KiwQ| Rxebi hv wKQz PvIqvi meB G mKj `yAvi ga
AZ msw I AveMgq fvlvq Avjvni KvQ PvIqv nqQ| DjL h, G `yAvjv, G eBq DjwLZ Abvb mKj `yAv
Ges KziAvb I nv`xmi h Kvbv `yAv gywgb mvjvZi ga mvR`vq, mvjvZi kl eVK mvjvgi AvM, mvjvgi ci Ges
mKj mgq cvV KiZ cvib|
(`yAv-1) DPviY: Avjv-v, AvEhy weKv wgb Rvn&w`j evjv-wq Iqv `vivwKk kvv-wq, Iqv m~wqj v`v-wq Iqv
kvgvZvwZj AvA&`v-wq|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi Avkq wbwQ K`vqK wec`, Mfxi `yfvM, Lvivc ZvK`xi Ges kì Dcnvm
_K|2
w
w
.a
ss
(`yAv-2) DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx AvEhy weKv wgbvj AvR&wh Iqvj Kvmvwj Iqvj Rye&wb Iqvj eyL&wj, Iqvj nvivwg Iqv
Avhv-wej ve&wi| Avjv-v, Av-wZ bvd&wm Zv&Iqv-nv-, Iqv hvK&wKnv- AvbZv LvBi gvb hvv-nv-, AvbZv IqvwjBDnv- Iqv gvIjvnv-| Avjv-v, Bbx AvEhy weKv wgb& Bjwgb jv- BqvbdvD, Iqvwgb vjweb& jv- BqvL&kvD Iqvwgb bvd&wmb jv- Zvk&evD Iqvwgb
`vA&IqvwZb jv- Dm&ZvRv-ey jvnv-|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ, AgZv _K, Avjmwg _K, KvcyilZv _K, KcYZv _K, AwZevaK _K Ges Keii Avhve _K| n Avjvn, Avgvi bdmK Avcwb Zvi ZvKIqv c`vb Kib Ges Avcwb ZvK ZvhwKqvcweZv `vb Kib, bdmK cweZv-ZvhwKqv c`vb AvcwbB mevg, AvcwbB Avgvi bdmi AwffveK I ez| n Avjvn, Avwg
Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ Ggb vb _K h vb DcKvi jvM bv, Ggb `q (Kje) _K h `q fxZ nq bv, Ggb bdm _K
h bdm cwiZ nq bv Ges Ggb `yAv _K h `yAv Keyj nq bv|3
(`yAv-3) DPviY: Avjv-v Bbx AvEhy weKv wgb hvIqvwj wbA&gvwZKv, Iqv ZvnvIDwj Av-wdqvwZKv, Iqv dzRvAvwZ bv&gvwZKv Iqv Rvgxwq mvLvwZK|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ, Avcbvi Ìqv bqvgZi wejyw _K, Avcbvi Ìqv kvw-myZvi
cwieZb _K, Avcbvi nVvr kvw _K Ges Avcbvi me cKvii Amw _K|4
Contents
240

(`yAv-4) DPviY: Avjv-vi& hy&bx evKv Iqv ev gvb Bqvb&dvDbx ey Bb`vKv, Avjv-v gv- ivhvZvbx
wgv- Dwney dvR&Avj zIqvZvb& jx dxgv- Zzwney| Avjv-v, Iqvgv- hvIqvBZv Avbx wgv Dwney dvRAvj& dviv-Mvb
jx dxgv- Zzwney|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb AvgvK `vb Kib Avcbvi cg Ges hvi cg Avcbvi KvQ Avgvi DcKvi Avme Zvi cg|
n Avjvn, Avgvi h KvwLZ welq Avcwb AvgvK `vb KiQb Avcwb ZvK Avcbvi wcq welq ARbi kwZ icvwiZ
Kib| n Avjvn, Avi Avgvi h KvwLZ welq _K Avcwb AvgvK ewZ KiQb ZvK Avcwb Avcbvi wcq welq ARbi
Aemi icvwiZ Kib|1
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
(`yAv-5) DPviY: Avjv-v, wh`&bv- Iqvjv- Zvb&z&b^ v- Iqv AvK&wig&bv- Iqvjv- Zzwnb&bv- Iqv AvA&wZbv- IqvjvZvn&wig&bv- Iqv Av-wmi&bv- Iqvjv- ZzA&wmi AvjvBbv- Iqv Avi&wbv Iqvi&v AvbvA_: n Avjvn, Avcwb AvgìK evwoq w`b, Kgveb bv, Avcwb AvgvìK mvwbZ Kib, AcgvwbZ Kieb bv,
AvgvìK c`vb Kib, ewZ Kieb bv, AvgvìK AMvwaKvi c`vb Kib, Avgvì Dci KvDK AMvwaKvi wèb bv,
Avcwb AvgvìK m Kib Ges Avgvì Dci Avcwb m nvb|2
(`yAv-6) DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx Avm&AvjyKvj `v- IqvZ& Zzv, Iqvj Avdv-dv Iqvj wMbv-|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg PvwQ Avcbvi KvQ n`vqvZ, ZvKIqv, mQjZv I mshg-Zv-kvjxbZv|3
(`yAv-7) DPviY: Bqv- gyvwjevj zj~e mve&weZ vj&ex Avjv- `xwbK&

A_: n Aimg~ni cwieZbKvix, mycw ZwZ-wi ivLyb Avgvi AiK Avcbvi `xbi Dci| nv`xmwU mnxn|4
.a
ss
(`yAv-8) DPviY: Avjv-v, Avn&wmb& Av-wevZvbv wdj Dg~wi Kzwjnv- Iqv AvwRi&bv- wgb& wLh&Bwq`& `ybBqv- Iqv
Avhv-wej Av-wLivn|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb myì Kib Avgvì cwiYwZ mKj KvR Ges Avgvì iv Kib `ywbqvi jvbv I
AvwLivZi Avhve _K|5
w
w
(`yAv-9) DPviY: Avjv-v Bbx AvEhy weKv wgbvj evivw^, Iqvj Ryb~wb, Iqvj Ryhv-wg Iqv wgb mvBwqwqj Avm&v-g|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ kZx ivM, cvMjvwg-gvbwmK ivM, Kz ivM Ges mKj Lvivc
ivMevwa _K|6
(`yAv-10) DPviY: Avjv-vn&dvh&bx wej& Bm&jv-wg v-wqgvb& Iqvn&dvhbx wej& Bm&jv-wg v-wq`vb, Iqvn&dvhbx wej&
Bmjv-wg iv-w`vb, Iqvjv- Zzk&wgZ& ex Av`yIqvb& Iqvjv- nv-wm`vb| Avjv-v, Bbx Avm&AvjyKv wgb& Kzwj LvBwib& Lvhv-wqbyn~
Contents
241
ejvqvZ I ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv
weBqvw`Kv, Iqv AvEhy weKv wgb Kzwj kvi&wib Lvhv-wqbyn~ weBqvw`Kv|
A_: n Avjvn, AvgvK wndvhZ Kib Bmjvgi Iwmjvq ùvovbv Aevq, AvgvK wndvhZ Kib Bmjvgi Iwmjvq
emv Aevq, AvgvK wndvhZ Kib Bmjvgi Iwmjvq kvqv Aevq| AvgvK Avcwb Ggb Aevq djeb bv h kiv Avgvi
`yievq Lywk nq| Avwg Avcbvi wbKU PvwQ mKj KjvY hv Avcbvi fvvi we`gvb Ges Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ mKj
AKjvY _K hv Avcbvi fvvi we`gvb|1

(`yAv-11) DPviY: Avjv-vR&Avj AvDmvAv wih&wKv AvjvBqv Bb`v wKevwi wmbx Iqvb&wZvwq Dgyix|
A_: n Avjvn, Avgvi Rb Avcbvi mePq ck wihK Avcwb AvgvK c`vb Kieb Avgvi evaKi mgq Ges
Rxebi kl mgq|2
om
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
(`yAv-12) DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx AvEhy weKv wgbvj AvR&wh Iqvj Kvmvwj Iqvj Ryew& b Iqvj eyLw& j Iqvj nvivwg Iqvj
Kvm&IqvwZ Iqvj Mvd&jvwZ Iqvj AvBjvwZ Iqvh& whjvwZ Iqvj gvm&KvbvwZ Iqv AvEhy weKv wgbvj dv&wi Iqvj Kzd&wi Iqj dzmw~
Iqvk wkv-w, Iqvb& wbdv-w, Iqvm myg&AvwZ Iqvi wiBqv-wq, Iqv AvEhy weKv wgbvm ^vgvwg Iqvj evKvwg Iqvj Rybw~ b Iqvj Ryhvwg Iqvj evivw^ Iqv mvBwqwqj Avmv-g|
A_: n Avjvn Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ AgZv, Avjm, KvcyilZv, KcYZv, evaK-RivMZv, ipZvKVviZv, AmZKZv, nxbZv-wbt^Zv, jvbv I AmnvqZ _K| Ges Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ `vwi`, Awekvm, cvcvPvi,
wewQbZv-AevaZv, gybvwdKx, mybvgi jvf Ges c`kbQv _K| Ges Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ ewaiZv,
evKkwnxbZv, cvMjvwg-gvbwmK AmyZv, Kz, kZx Ges mKj Lvivc ivMevwa _K|3
.a
ss
(`yAv-13) DPviY: Avjv-v, Bbx AvEhy weKv wgb BqvIwgm m~wq Iqv wgb jvBjvwZm m~wq I wgb mv-AvwZm m~wq,
Iqv wgb ^v-wnwem m~wq, Iqv wgb Rv-wim m~wq dx `vwij gyv-gvn|
A_: n Avjvn, Avwg Avcbvi Avkq MnY KiwQ Lvivc w`b _K, Lvivc ivZ _K, Lvivc gyn~Z _K, Lvivc mxmv_x _K Ges emZevwoi Lvivc cwZekx _K|4
w
w
(`yAv-14) DPviY: Avjv-vb&dvA&bx wegv- Avjvg&Zvbx, Iqv Avwjgbx gv- BqvbdvDbx, Iqv wh`&bx Bjgvb|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb AvgvK hv wkwLqQb Zviv AvgvK DcKZ nIqvi ZvIdxK w`b, Avgvi DcKvi Ki Ggb
vb AvgvK wkv w`b Ges Avgvi vb ew Kib|5
(`yAv-15) DPviY: Avjv-v, gvwA&bx wemvgC, Iqv ev^vix, IqvR&Avjgvj Iqv-wimv wgbx, Iqvb&yi^ b& x Avjv- gvb
hvjvgvbx Iqv Lyh& wgb& wemvA&ix|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb Avgvi keYkw I `wkw AzY ivLyb Ges DfqK Avgvi DivwaKvix evwbq w`b (gZz i
mgq GjvK AzY iL giZ cvwi)| Avgvi Dci AZvPviKvixi wei AvgvK mvnvh Kib Ges Zvi _K Avgvi
cwZkva MnY Kib|6
Contents
242
5. 5. KziAvbi `yAv I cvwievwiK `yAv
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
KziAvb gywgbi cqvRbxq AbK `yAv we`gvb| G eBq mjv DjL Kiv nq wb; KviY h Kvbv AvMnx gywgb
GKUz K KijB KziAvb _K mjv msMn KiZ cvieb| GLvb KqKwU `yAvi m~iv I AvqvZ bî DjL KiwQ| AvMnx
cvVK `yAvjv wkL wbZ cvib|
m~iv (1) dvwZnv gvbe Rxebi kZg `yAv|
m~iv (2) evKviv 127, 128, 201, 285 AvqvZ|
m~iv (3) Avj Bgivb: 8, 16, 26, 38, 53, 147, 191-194 AvqvZ|
m~iv (4) m~iv wbmv: 75 AvqvZ|
m~iv (7) Avivd 23, 47, 89 AvqvZ|
m~iv (10) BDbym: 85, 86 AvqvZ|
m~iv (11) n~`: 47 AvqvZ|
m~iv (14) Beivnxg: 35, 40, 41 AvqvZ|
m~iv (17) Bmiv (ebx BmivCj) 24, 80 AvqvZ|
m~iv (18) Kvnd: 10 AvqvZ|
m~iv (19) gwiqg 5, 6 AvqvZ|
m~iv (20) Zvnv: 25-28, 114 AvqvZ|
m~iv (21) Avw^qv: 89, 112 AvqvZ|
m~iv (23) gywgb~b: 97-98, 109, 118 AvqvZ|
m~iv (25) dziKvb: 65-66, 74 AvqvZ|
m~iv (26) Aviv: 83-85, 87 AvqvZ|
m~iv (27) bvgj: 19 AvqvZ|
m~iv (28) Kvmvm: 16, 24 AvqvZ|
m~iv (29) AvbKve~Z: 30 AvqvZ|
m~iv (37) mvddvZ: 100 AvqvZ|
m~iv (40) Mwdi (gywgb): 7, 8 AvqvZ|
m~iv (46) AvnKvd: 15 AvqvZ|
m~iv (59) nvki: 10 AvqvZ|
m~iv (60) gygZvwnbv: 4, 5 AvqvZ|
m~iv (66) Zvnixg: 8 AvqvZ|
m~iv (71) b~n: 28 AvqvZ|
KziAvbx `yAvi Abb ewk cvwievwiK `yAv| mvb jvf, mvb I cwievii m`mZi mdjZv I kvw Ges
wcZvgvZvi Rb `yAv KziAvbi ewk|
mvb I cwievii m`mì n`vqvZ, mdjZv I cvwievwiK kvwi Rb m~iv (14) Beivnxg 35 I 40 AvqvZ; m~iv
(25) dziKvb 74 AvqvZ; I m~iv (46) AvnKvd 15 AvqvZ|
mvb jvfi Rb m~iv (3) Avj-Bgivb 38 AvqvZ; m~iv (19) gwiqg 5-6 AvqvZ; m~iv (21) Avw^qv: 89 AvqvZ I m~iv
(37) mvddvZ: 100 AvqvZ|
wcZvgvZvi Rb `yAv m~iv (14) Beivnxg: 41 AvqvZ, m~iv (17) Bmiv 24 AvqvZ Ges m~iv (71) b~n 28 AvqvZ|
mvwbZ cvVK, G AvqvZjvi ga `yAv we`gvb| AwaKvsk AvqvZ `yAvi AvM I ci Ab ee we`gvb|
ivevbv (n Avgvì ie), ivwe (n Avgvi ive) ev Avjvv (n Avjvn) w`q `yAvi i nq Ges A_i w`K j iL
`yAvi kl eyS wbZ ne|
gnvb Avjvn Avgì mKji `yAv Keyj Kib Ges `ywbqv I AvwLivZi mKj mgmv wgwUq AvgvìK kvwgq cwe
Rxeb I cwievi `vb Kib | Avgxb|
Contents
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
243
mg Aavq
gvRwjm whK&i I whK&ii gvRwjm
gvRwjm A_ eVK, emv ev emvi vb| GK ew GKvKx Kv_vI mvgvb mgqi Rb emjI ZvK AviexZ gvRwjm
ejv ne| Abyicfve `yB ev ZZvwaK gvbyl GK wKQyYi Rb emj ZvKI gvRwjm ejv ne| eenvwiKfve gvRwjm ejZ
mvaviYZ GKvwaK ewi GK eVK, wgwUs mgvek, cwil` (meeting, gathering, assembly, council) BZvw` eySvq|
7. 1. gvRwjm Avjvni whK&i

gvRwjm Avjvni whK&i `y cKvi nZ cvi (K) gvRwjm ev eVKwU RvMwZK Kvbv welq Kw`K, Ze gvRwjmi
ga gywgb gvS ga Avjvni iY Kieb Ges (L) gvRwjmwU g~jZB Avjvni whK&i-Kw`K| c_g cKvii gvRwjm gywgb
`yfve Avjvni whK&i KiZ cvib: (K) GKvKx wbRi gb ev mk whK&i Kiv Ges (L) AbìK whK&ii K_v iY Kivbv|
gywgbi DwPZ Kvbv Aevq Avjvni whK&i _K gbK weiZ bv ivLv| weklZ hLb KqKRb ezeve ev wKQy gvbyli mv_ em
K_vevZv ejeb ZLb gvS gvS Avjvni whK&i Kiv LyeB cqvRbxq|
gvbyl mvgvwRK Rxe| Kgj, Pvqi `vKvb, evRvi, evwoZ ev Ab Kv_vI Avgiv `y ev ZZvwaK gvbyl GKwZ nj
KLbvB Pzc _vKZ cvwi bv| UK Ae `v KvwU , UK Ae `v W ev G RvZxq AcqvRbxq mvgvwRK, ivRbwZK, AvRv wZK,
Contents
om
244
cvwievwiK ev ewMZ wewfb K_vevZvq Avgviv gZ DwV| G mKj K_vevZv AwaKvsk Avgvì Rb LyeB
wZKviK Ges AvwLivZ asmKvix nq hvq; KviY Avgvì K_vevZv AwaKvsk mgq ciPPv, wnsmv, NYv ev e`bv D`KKvix nq
_vK| hw` Avgiv GmKj wZKviK welq cwinvi Ki ay RvMwZK wb`vl welq; hgb, - èg~j, cwiek, ^v, cwievi,
Qjgqi jLvcov, BZvw` welq Avjvc Kwi ZvnjI Zv Avgvì Rb wbgic wZ eq Avb:
c_gZ: G aibi wb`vl K_vevZv me`vB `vlhy ciPPv ev wel D`KKvix AvjvPbvq chewmZ nq| AbycwZ
wewfb ewi K_v AvjvPbvq Pj Avm Ges Kvbv bv Kvbvfve Avgiv MxeZ wj nB|
wZxqZ: G mKj wb`vl AvjvPbvi ga hw` Avgiv Avjvni whK&i-g~jK Kvbv evK bv ewj Ze wKqvgZi w`b
Avgvì Avdmvm KiZ ne| Avgiv `LwQ h, hw` GKvwaK gymwjg Kv_vI GK wKQy mgqi RbI emb Ges wKQy
K_vevZv ej DV hvb, wK Zvì K_vi ga Avjvni whK&i I ivm~jyjvn () Gi Dci mvjvZ (ì`) vcK Kvbv K_v bv
_vK, Ze wKqvgZi w`b G eVKwU Zvì Rb Avdmvm I wZi KviY ne| Ab nv`xm Avgiv `LwQ h, Kvbv ew
hw` GKvKx ev mgvek Kv_vI wKQy mgqi Rb ùvovq, em, nuvU ev kqb Ki, wK emv, ùvovbv, nuvUv ev kvqv Aevq m
Avjvni whK&i bv Ki, Ze Zv Zvi Rb Avdmvm I wZi welq cwiYZ ne|
Ab nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
.c
hw` wKQy gvbyl Ggb Kvbv eVK kl Ki DV, h eVK Zviv Avjvni whK&i Kiwb, Ze Zviv hb GKwU Mvavi
gZ`n (fY Ki ev NuvUvNuvwU Ki) iL DV Mj| Avi G eVK Zvì Rb Avdmvm cwiYZ ne| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
Avyjv n Beby gyMvddvj (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.

wKQy gvbyl hw` GKwU eVK em Ges Gici eVK f Pj hvq, wK D mgqi ga Zviv Avjvni whK&i bv Ki
Zvnj wKqvgZi w`b H eVK Zvì Rb Avdmvmi welq ne| nv`xmwU mnxn|2
ZZxqZ, G cKvii wb`vl MRe ev AvjvPbvi gvRwjm Avgvì AijvK k Ki `q| `xNmgq Gic
AvjvPbv Avgvì gbK KwVb Ki| Avyjv n Beby Dgi (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn ejQb :
ss
Zvgiv Avjvni whK&i Qvov ewk K_v eje bv; KviY Avjvni whK&i Qvov ewk K_v `qK KwVb Ki Zvj| Avi
Avjvni wbKU _K mePq `~ieZx gvbyl KwVb `qi gvbyl| nv`xmwU nvmvb|3
gywgbi `vwqZ, h Kvbv eVK, MRe ev K_vevZvi duvK duvK Zuvi gnvb cfyi whK&i Kieb| gvRwjmi Ab KD
hw` Avjvni whK&i bv Ki ev Mig Mig AveMx K_vq gZ _vK ZvnjI gywgb wbRi gb gvS gvS Avjvni whK&i Kieb| Avi
Rbmg, gvRwjm, Mvwdjì ga gywgbi G cKvi GKvKx whK&ii dhxjZ AbK nv`xm ewYZ| GK nv`xm Avey ivBiv (iv)
ejb, ivm~jjy v n ejQb, Avjvn ejb:
w
w
.a
Avgvi ev`v Avgvi welq hic aviYv Ki Avwg Zvi m aviYvi KvQB| Avgvi ev`v hLb AvgvK iY Ki ZLb
Avwg Zuvi mv_ _vwK| hw` m AvgvK Zuvi wbRi ga iY Ki, Ze AvwgI ZuvK Avgvi wbRi ga iY Kwi| Avi hw`
m AvgvK Kvbv mgvek ev gvbyli ga iY Ki, AvwgI ZuvK iY Kwi Zuvi mgveki Pq Dg mgvek- Dg
eweMi ga|4
mgvek Avjvni whK&ii G dhxjZ ev`v `yfve jvf KiZ cvib: (1) mgvek ev Abvb welq AvjvPbviZ gvbyli
ga em ev`v wbRi gb Avjvni whK&i iZ _vKeb| (2) mgvek Abì mv_ wZwb Avjvni whK&i Kieb| wZxqwUB Avjvni
whK&ii gvRwjm|
7. 2. Avjvni whK&ii gvRwjm

wZxq Aavq Avgiv Avjvni Rb fvjevmv, mvvr I mvnPh welq AvjvPbv KiwQ| Avgiv `LwQ h, Cgvbx cwiek
Contents
245
bKKvi gvbylì mv_ wKQz mgq `xbx AvjvPbvq KvUvbv iZcY~ Bev`Z I Avjvni ejvqvZ ARbi Rb AZ
mnvqK| Cgvb DxcK G mKj gvRwjmKB whKii gvRwjm ejv nq| Avgiv G Aavq whKii gvRwjmi dhxjZ I whK&ii
gvRwjmi gvmb~b cwZ Avgiv RvbZ Pv Kie| hb Avgiv h_vme mybvZ cwZZ mybv Z whKii gvRwjm cvjb Ki
mevP cyivi I ejvqvZ jvf KiZ cvwi| mv_ mv_ whK&ii gvRwjmi bvg Ljvd mybv Z Kg wbcwZZ nIqv _K
AvZiv KiZ cvwi|
7. 3. whK&ii gvRwjmi dhxjZ

c_g I wZxq Aavq Avgiv whKii gvRwjmi dhxjZ welqK KqKwU nv`xm RbwQ| G welqK Ab GKwU nv`xm
ivm~jyjvn ejb:
om
hLbB Kvbv m`vq (wKQy gvbyl) em gwngvw^Z Avjvni iY (whK&i) Ki, ZLbB wdwikZvMY ZvìK eb
Ki bb, ingZ ZvìK AveZ Ki, Zvì Dci ckvw bvwhj nq Ges Avvjvn Zvì iY (whK&i) Kib Zuvi (Avjvni)
KvQ hviv AvQb Zvì ga|1
Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
: [ ]

hLbB wKQy gvbyl GKwZ nq Avjvni whK&i iZ nq, Gviv Zuviv Avjvni mw Qvov wKQyB Pvq bv, ZLbB Avmgvb
_K GKRb AvnvbKvix ZuvìK WK ejb, Zvgiv cwic~Y gvcv-Mvbvngy nq DV hvI, Zvgvì cvcjvK cyY
icvwiZ Kiv nqQ|2
Avey mvC` Lyìx (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejb, Avjvn wKqvgZi w`b ejeb, AvR RgvqZi w`b mevB Rvbe Kviv
mvbi AwaKvix| mvnvexMY ejb: n Avjvni ivm~j, mvbi AwaKvix Kviv? wZwb ejb:
gmwRì wfZii whK&ii gvRwjmjv| nv`xmwU nvmvb|

Ab nv`xm Avyjvn Beby Avgi (iv) ejb, Avwg ejjvg, n Avjvni ivm~j, whK&ii gvRwjmi MbxgZ (jvf) Kx ?
wZwb ejb :
ss
.a
whK&ii gvRwjmmg~ni MbxgZ RvbvZ| nv`xmwU nvmvb|4
7. 4. whK&ii gvRwjmi whK&i
w
w
wewfb nv`xm _K ivm~jyjv n I mvnvexMYi whKii gvRwjmi mybv Z Avgj I whKi mK wbgi welqjv Rvbv hvq:
7. 4. 1. KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, wkv I AvjvPbv
KziAvb cvV, wkv I A_vjvPbv whKii gvRwjmi AbZg whKi| Dcii nv`xm Avgiv `LwQ h, wKQz gvbyl GKwZ
nq Avjvni whKi Kij Avjvni wdwikZvMY ZvìK eb Ki bb, ingZ ZvìK AveZ Ki, Zvì Dci ckvw bvwhj nq
Ges Avvjvn Zvì iY Kib...| KziAvbx whK&ii AvjvPbvq Avgiv `LwQ, ivm~jyjvn Gic whKi-Gi welq evLv Ki
ejQb: hLbB wKQy gvbyl Avjvni Kvbv GKwU Ni mgeZ nq Avjvni wKZve wkv, wZjvIqvZ I cii AvjvPbv KiZ
_vK, ZLbB Zvì Dci ckvw bvwhj nq.....|
mvnvexMY Avjvni whKi ejZ KziAvb wZjvIqvZ I cviwiK AvjvPbv-B eySZb| Zvweqx AvbZviv Beb Avyi ivngvb
ejb, Avwg Avyjv n Beb Avevm (iv)-K ejjvg: mek Avgj Kx? wZwb ejb:

(
)

-

-

Contents
246
Avjvni whKiB mek! Avjvni whKiB mek! Avjvni whKiB mek!! hLbB wKQz gvbyl GKwU Ni (Avjvni Nijvi
GKwU Ni) em wbRì ga Avjvni wKZve AvjvPbv I cviwiK Aaqb Kib ZLbB wdwikZvMY Zuvì cvLv viv ZvìK
AveZ Kib Ges Zviv Avjvni gngvb wnme MY nb| hZY bv Zviv Ab AvjvPbvq iZ nb ZZY Zvvì G ghv`v AevnZ
_vK|1
7. 4. 2. Iqvh I Bj&g
KqKwU nv`xm whK&ii gvRwjmK RvbvZi evMvb ej AwfwnZ Kiv nqQ| GK nv`xm Avbvm (iv) ejb,
ivm~jjy vn ejQb:
.c
om
hLb Zvgiv RvbvZi evMvb Mgb Kie ZLb fY-DcfvM Kie| mvnvexMY ck Kib : RvbvZi evMvb wK ?
wZwb ejb : whK&ii emg~n (gvRwjmmg~n)| wZiwghx nv`xmwUK nvmvb ejQb|2
wewfb nv`xm RvbvZi evMvb Avjvni whK&i ejZ gmwR` ev Ab em Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, Zvngx`, ZvKexi I
IqvR ev Bj&gx AvjvPbv eySvbv nqQ|3
Beby Avevm (iv) ejb , ivm~jyjvn () ejQb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
Zvgiv hLb RvbvZi evMvb Mgb Kie, ZLb wePiY I fY Kie| mvnvexMY ck Kib: RvbvZi evMvb Kx?
wZwb ejb: Bj&gi gvRwjmmg~n| nv`xmwUi mb` `yejZv AvQ|4
mvnvexMY G aibi Cgvb ewKviK Bj&g I IqvRi gvRwjm LyeB cQ` KiZb| Avbvm (iv) ejb: Avyjvn Beby
ivIqvnv (iv) Kvbv mvnvexi mv_ mvvr nj ejZb: Avmyb wKQyYi Rb Avgiv Avgvì cfyi Dci Cgvb Avwb | GKw`b wZwb
G K_v ejvZ GKew iM hvb| wZwb ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi KvQ Gm ejb: n Avjvni ivm~j, Avcwb wK Avyjv n Beby ivIqvnvi
AvPiY `LQb bv! wZwb Avcbvi Cgvb dj iL wKQy mgqi Cgvb Zvjvk KiQb| ZLb ivm~jyjvn () ejjb :
w
w
.a
ss
Beby ivIqvnvK Avjvn ingZ Kib! m Zv Hme gvRwjm cQ` Ki h gvRwjm wbq wdwikZvMY Mie Kib|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|5
G mKj gvRwjm Beby ivIqvnv (iv) Cgvb ewKviK Iqvh KiZb ej ewYZ nqQ| `yej mb` ewYZ nv`xm Beby
Avevm (iv) ejb, Beby ivIqvnv (iv) Zuvi mxMYK Iqvh KiwQjb, GgZvevq ivm~jyjvn () Zuvì KvQ Mgb Kib| wZwb
ejb, ZvgivB m mgvek huvì mv_ ah ai _vKZ Avjvn AvgvK wb`k c`vb KiQb ... |6
Bj&g, Iqvh I AvjvPbvB wQj mvnvex-ZveqxMYi hyM whK&ii gvRwjmi g~j welq| gyAvh Beb Rvevj (iv) Bw
Kvji c~e ejb h,
...
n Avjvn Avcwb Rvbb h, Avwg cvw_e Kvbv KviY `ywbqvi RxebK fvjevwmwb, wK Avgvi Avb`B wQj wmqvg
cvjb Ki w`b wccvmvZ _vKv, ivZ RM Zvnvyì mvjvZ Avi whK&ii nvjvKvq (gvRwjm) Avwjgì mv_ nvUz Mo em
AvjvPbv Kiv|7
cLvZ Zveqx AvZv Beby Avex gymwjg Lyivmvbx (50-135 wn) ejb:
whK&ii gvRwjm nvjvj nvivg AvjvPbvi gvRwjm| wKfve ePvKbv Kie, eemv Kie, wKfve mvjvZ Av`vq
Kie, wmqvg cvjb Kie, wKfve weevn Kie, ZvjvK wè, wKfve nR cvjb Kie Ges Abyic mKj welq AvjvPbvi
Contents
247
gvRwjmB whK&ii gvRwjm|

7. 4. 3. Avjvni wbqvgZ AvjvPbv I nvg`-mvbv
mvnvexMYi whK&ii gvRwjmi GKwU wekl w`K wQj Avjvni wbqvgZ AvjvPbv I KZZv cKvk Kiv| gyAvweqv
(iv) ejb :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
ivm~jyjvn Ni _K ewiq mvnvexMYi GKwU e (KqKRb mvnvex evKvi em wQjb mLvb) DcwZ nb|
wZwb ejb, Zvgiv wKRb emQ? Zuviv ejjb: Avgviv em em Avjvni whK&i KiwQ Ges Zuvi nvg` ev cksmv KiwQ, KviY
wZwb AvgvìK Bmjvgi w`K c_ c`kb KiQb Ges Bmjvgi gvag Avgvì Dci wZwb KiYv KiQb| wZwb ejjb:
Avjvni bvg ck KiwQ, mwZB wK Zvgiv aygv G Dk emQ? Zuviv ejjb, Avjvni Kmg, Avgiv GKgv G Dk
Qvov Ab Kvbv KviY ewmwb| wZwb ejb: Avwg Zvgvì cwZ m`nekZ ZvgvìK kc_ KivBwb| eis wReixj (Av)
Gm AvgvK msev` w`qQb h, Avjvn wdwikZvMYi KvQ Zvgvì Rb Mie cKvk KiQb| (G mymsev` c`vbi RbB
kc_ KwiqwQ)|2
myenvbvjvn! KZ eo ghv`v| Avjvn Zuvi ev`vìK wbq Mie cKvk Kib| KviY Zuviv RvMwZK welqvw`
AvjvPbvi Rb bq, eis Avjvni wbqvgZ AvjvPbv, Zuvi cksmv Kiv I ZuviB KvQ KZZv cKvki Rb mgeZ nqQ|
RvMwZK eZv, cqvRb, jvf, gvn ev Ab Kvbv wKQyB ZuvìK cfyi iY I Zuvi cksmv I YKxZb _K weiZ ivLZ
cviwb| Gfve Zuviv wdwikZvMYi Ea DVQb|
G nv`xm _K Avgiv mvnvexMY wKfve whK&ii gvRwjm KiZb Zv eySZ cvwi| Zuviv GK em Avjvni wbqvgZi K_v
AvjvPbv KiZb Ges AvjvPbvi mv_ mv_ Zuvi nvg`, mvbv I KZZv vcb KiZb|
7. 4. 4. Zvmexn-Zvnxjj I `yAv-BmwZMdvi
Abvb nv`xm _K Avgiv gvRwjmi whK&ii Aviv wevwiZ weeiY RvbZ cvwi| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn
() ejQb :
w
w
.a
ss

.

Avjvni wKQy AwZwi cwigYKvix wdwikZv AvQb (hviv wek Nyi) whK&ii gvRwjmjvi LuvR Kib| hw`
Kvbv whK&ii gvRwjm cq hvb, Zviv mLvb Zuvì mv_ em cob Ges Zuvì GK AciK cvLv w`q wNi aib|
Gfve Zviv c_g Avmgvb ch c~Y Kib| hLb gvRwjmi gvbyliv wewQb nq hvb (gvRwjm kl Pj hvb) ZLb Zviv Ea
DVb| gnvb Avjvn whwb meB Rvbb, wZwb ZuvìK wRvmv Kib: Zvgiv Kv_v _K AvmQ? Zuviv ejb: Avgiv `ywbqvq
Avcbvi wKQy ev`vi wbKU _K GmwQ huviv Avcbvi Zvmexn (myenvbvjvn) ejQ, ZvKexi (Avjv AvKevi) ejQ,
Zvnjxj (jv-Bjvnv Bjvjvn) ejQ, Zvngx` (Avj nvg`y wjjvn) ejQ Ges Avcbvi KvQ cv_bv KiQ| gnvb Avjvn
wRvmv Kib: Zuviv Kx cv_bv KiQ? Zuviv ejb: Zviv Avcbvi RvbvZ (enkZ) cv_bv KiQ| Avjvn myenvbv Iqv Zvjv
ejb: Zviv wK RvbvZ `LQ? Zviv ejb: n cfy, bv, Zviv RvbvZ `Lwb| wZwb ejb: hw` Zviv RvbvZ `LZ Zvnj Kx
Contents
248
nZv! dikZviv ejb: Zviv Avcbvi KvQ Avkq cv_bv KiQ| wZwb ejb: Zviv Avgvi KvQ Kx _K
Avkq PqQ? Zuviv ejb: n cfy, Zviv Avcbvi Rvnvbvg _K Avcbvi KvQ Avkq PqQ| wZwb ejb: Zviv wK Avgvi
Rvnvbvg `LQ? Zuviv Di ejeb: bv, n cf|y wZwb ejb: hw` Zviv Avgvi Rvnvbvg `LZ Zvnj Kx Aev nZv! Zuviv
ejb: GQvov Zviv Avcbvi KvQ gv cv_bv KiQ| wZwb ejb: Avwg Zvì gv Kijvg, Zvì cv_bv Keyj Kijvg, Zviv hv
_K Avkq Pvq Zv _K ZvìK Avkq c`vb Kijvg| wdwikZvMY ejb: n cfy, Zuvì ga GKRb cvcvPvix ev`v AvQ
h, gvRwjm AwZg Ki hvwQj ZvB GKUz emQ| Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb : Avwg ZuvKI gv Kijvg, Zuviv Ggb gvbyl
(RbMvx) hvì mv_ KD emj m Avi AcgvwbZ-`yfvMv ne bv|1
7. 4. 5. wZjvIqvZ, ì`, `yAv I wbqvgZ AvjvPbv

Dcii nv`xm whK&ii gvRwjmi mvZwU Kgi DjL Kiv nqQ: (1). Zvmexn, (2). ZvKexi, (3). Zvnjxj, (4).
Zvngx`, (5). `yAv ev RvbvZ cv_bv, (6). Rvnvbvg _K Avkq cv_bv, Ges (7). BmwZMdvi| Kvbv Kvbv Acwm eYbvq 8g
KvR wnmve mvjvZ (ì`) cvVi K_v ejv nqQ| Avey ivBiv (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjv n () ejb :
om
:

. :
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
Avjvni wKQy cwigYKvix wdwikZv AvQb huviv whK&ii gvRwjm `Lj GK AciK ejb: em co| hLb
gvRwjmi gvbyliv `yAv Ki ZLb Zviv Zuvì `yAvi mv_ Avgxb ejb| Avi hLb Zuviv ivm~jjy vni () Dci mvjvZ ej
ZLb ZvivI Zuvì mv_ mvjvZ cvV Kib| kl hLb gRwjm f mevB Pj hvq ZLb Zviv GK AciK ejb: G
gvbyljvi Rb KZ eo mymsev`! KZ eo mfvM!! Zuviv gvcv nq wdi hvQ| nv`xmwUi mb` wKQy `yejZv AvQ| 2
Ab GKwU nv`xm mvjvZ (ì`) cvV Qvov Aviv 3 wU Avgji K_v ejv nqQ: (1). KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, (2).
Avjvni wbqvgZi gn eYbv I (3). `ywbqv-AvwLivZi KjvY cv_bv Kiv ; h welq Abvb nv`xm Avgiv AvjvPbv
KiwQ| Avbvm (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn ejQb:
...

: :
.

:
w
w
.a
ss
gnvb Avjvni wKQy cwigYKvix wdwikZv AvQb huviv whK&ii gvRwjm Abymvb Kib| ...Zuviv whK&ii gvRwjm mK
Avjvni ìevi ejb: n cfy, Avgiv Avcbvi Ggb wKQy ev`vi KvQ _K GmwQ huviv Avcbvi wbqvgZmg~ni gn eYbv KiQ,
Avcbvi M KziAvb Kixg wZjvIqvZ KiQ, Avcbvi bex gynvv` ()-Gi Dci mvjvZ cvV KiQ Ges Zuvì `ywbqv I
AvwLivZi Rb Avcbvi KvQ cv_bv KiQ| Avjvn ejb : ZuvìK Avgvi ingZ w`q AveZ Ki `vI| Zviv ejeb : Bqv ive,
Zuvì ga GKRb cvcx gvbyl AvQ, h nVvr Ki Zuvì gvS Gm emQ| Avjvn ejeb : ZuvìK Avgvi ingZ w`q XK
`vI, KviY Zuviv Ggb mv_x, Zuvì mv_ h eme m Avi `yfvMv _vKe bv (mI ingZ cve, hwÌ m AwbQvKZfve Zuvì mv_
emQ)|3
7. 5. whK&ii gvRwjmi whK&i-cwZ
Dcii nv`xmjvi AvjvK Avgiv gvRwjmi whKi wZbfvM fvM KiZ cvwi: (1) KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, wkv I Aaqb
welqK whKi, (2) Iqvh-bwmnZ I Bjg PPvi whKi Ges (3) Zvmexn-Zvnjxj, ì`-mvjvg, `yAv-BmwZMdvi RvZxq whKi| nv`xm
kixd G mKj whKi cvjb ivmyjjy vn I mvnvexMYi mybvZ mK wbgic Z_vewj Rvbv hvq:
7. 5. 1. KziAvbx whK&ii gvRwjm cwZ
KziAvb Kw`K whKii gvRwjm wbgic nZ cvi:
(K) KziAvb wkvi gvRwjm| Avgiv `LwQ, nv`xmi AvjvK KziAvb wkv whKii gvRwjmi AbZg Kg| mvnvexZvweqxMYi hyM KziAvb wkvi gvRwjmK mek gvRwjm wnme MY Kiv nZv| mycw m Zvweqx Bgvg Avyjvn Beb nvexe Ave~
Avyi ivngvb myjvgx (72 wn) Pwjk ermi hver Kzdvi Rvwg gvmwR` KziAvb wkvi gvRwjm cwZv Kib| wZwb mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi
Contents

KziAvb wkvi gvRwjmi cwZ mK ejb:
249
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
ivm~jyjvn -Gi mvnvexMY hviv AvgvìK KziAvb covZb Zuviv ejb, Zuviv ivm~jyjv n _K `kwU AvqvZ cov
wkLZb| G `kwU AvqvZi ga wK Bjg I Avgj we`gvb Zv bv wkL Zuviv cieZx `k AvqvZ i KiZb bv| Zuviv ejb: Gfve
Avgiv Bjg I Avgj wkwL|1
Zvnj Avgiv `LwQ h, wZjvIqvZ wkv, wndh wkv, A_ wkv, Zvdmxi wkv, KziAvbx fvlv wkv ev KziAvb mswk h
Kvbv welq wkvi gvRwjm whKii gvRwjm| `kwU AvqvZi DPviY, wZjvIqvZ, fvlv, A_, Bjg I Avgj wkv Kivi ci bZzb
`k AvqvZ i KivB mybv Z cwZ|
(2) cviwiK wZjvIqvZ I Aaqb| KziAvbx whKii Ab w`K Zv`vim ev cii Aaqb| ivm~jyjvn () Abi gyL
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ keY I A_wPv Ki `q bvovZ fvjevmZb| Avyjvn Beb gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn AvgvK ejb:
Zzwg AvgvK KziAvb co kvbvI| Avwg ejjvg: n Avjvni ivm~j, Avwg wKfve AvcbvK KziAvb co kvbve? A_P Avcbvi
DciB Zv KziAvb bvwhj nqQ! wZwb ejb: Avwg Abi gyL bZ fvjevwm| ZLb Avwg m~iv wbmv cvV Ki ZuvK kvbvZ
jvMjvg| Avwg hLb m~iv wbmvi 41 AvqvZ ch cuQvjvg ZLb wZwb AvgvK ejjb: _vg| ZLb Avwg `wL h, Zuvi Pzq _K
ASvi Ak SiQ|2
mvnvex-ZvweqxMYI mvjvZzj dvRii ci ev Abvb mgq gmwR` ev Ab cii KziAvb wZjvIqvZ, keY,
Aaqb, KziAvb I nv`xm _K wdKn I gvmvBj wkvi gvRwjm KiZb|3
wewfbfve KziAvb Aaqb ev Zv`vim-Gi gvRwjm Kiv hvq| GKRb wZjvIqvZ Kieb Ges Abiv beb| cZK
wKQz AvqvZ wZjvIqvZ Kieb Ges Abiv beb| cwVZ AvqvZji A_ AvjvPbv Kieb A_ev wZjvIqvZ I keYi gvS
AvqvZi ga we`gvb A_, wdKn, Zvdmxi BZvw` welq AvjvPbv ev ckvi Kieb| Gfve KziAvb Kw`K Iqvh, Zvdmxi,
ìm, ZvhwKqv, wdKn meB G cKvii Zv`vimi Afy
|
KziAvbx gvRwjm welq ivm~jyjvn () ejQb:
hve|
Zvgiv KziAvb cvV Ki hZY Zvgvì Aijv wgj-gneZ _vKe| hLb Zvgiv gZf` Kie ZLb DV
w
w
.a
ss
KziAvb wkvi, wZjvIqvZi, Zv`vimi ev cviwiK Aaqbi gvRwjm G welqwUi cwZ j ivLZ ne| Aaqbi
mgq I cwigvY mxwgZ ivLvi Pv KiZ ne| AvjvPbv cwZ hb DcwZ gywgbì ga weZK ev wel mw bv Ki mw`K j
ivLZ ne| Kvw, weiw ev weZK mw nj KziAvbx gvRwjm kl KiZ ne|
(3) mgî wZjvIqvZ| KziAvbx gvRwjmi GKwU Ljvd mybv Z cwZ gvRwjmi mKjB GK ev mgî wZjvIqvZ
Kiv| Zvweqx-Zvwe-ZvweqxMYi hyMi kl w`K _K Gic cwZi De NU| Bgvg Avng` Beb nv^vji cwm Qv Bgvg nvie
Beb BmgvCj Beb Lvjvd wKigvbx (280 wn) ejb: wZwb `LQb h, `vwgkK, wngm, gK&Kv I emivi Awaevmxiv dRii mvjvZi
ci gmwR` em KziAvbi gvRwjm KiZb| emiv I gvi Awaevmxì wbqg wQj GKRb `kwU AvqvZ coZb Ges Abiv bxie
gbvhvM w`q bZb| Gici Ab AviKRb `kwU AvqvZ coZb| GfveB gvRwjm PjZ| wK wmwiqvi (`vwgkK I wngm-Gi)
Awaevmxiv mKj GK DPtî GKB m~iv cvV KiZb| Bgvg gvwjK wmwiqvevmxì Gic mgî wZjvIqvZ Nvi Avcw
Kib| wZwb ejb: gynvwRi I Avbmvi mvnvexMY Avgvì GLvb wQjb| wK Zuviv KLbv Gic KiQb ej Avgiv RvbZ cwi
wb|...Gic Kiv weÀvZ|5
7. 5. 2. Iqvh-Bjgi nvjvKvq whKi cwZ
Avgiv `LwQ, mybvZi AvjvK whKii gvRwjmi AbZg welq Cgvb, Avgj I Bjg ewKi Iqvh, bmxnZ I wdKn
AvjvPbv| Iqvh-gvnwdj, Zvdmxi gvnwdj, mwgbvi, MwfwK Bjgx ìm, nvjvKv h bvgB Kiv nvK& bv Kb meB G cKvii
whKii gvRwjm wnme MY| h bvgB Gic gvRwjm cwZv Kiv nvK& mvaviY gvRwjmi gvmb~b Avèjv iv KiZ ne|
Contents
250
hgb nvg` I Zvkvn&n~` w`q i Kiv, KziAvb I mnxn mybv Z wbfi AvjvPbv Kiv, MxeZ, wnsmv I `jv`wji _K gy
_K AvwLivZ gywLZv, Cgvb, ZvKIqv, Bjg, ZvIev I `b ewKvix AvjvPbv Kiv|
ivm~jyjvn () I mvnvexMY mKj AvjvPbv, ìm, LyZev ev ee nvg`-mvbv Ges Zvkvn&` ej i KiZb| Ave~ g~mv
AvkAvix (iv) ejb, ivm~jyjvn AvgvìK LyZevZzj nvRvZ wbgic wkv w`Zb:

[ ]

.

un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
wbq cksmv Avjvni Rb, Avgiv Zuvi cksmv KiwQ, Zuvi mvnvh PvwQ Ges Zuvi KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ| Avgiv Avgvì
bdmi AKjvY _K Ges Avgvì Lvivc Kgwj _K Avjvni Avkq MnY KiwQ| Avjvn hvK wn`vqvZ Kib ZvK KD wev
KiZ cvi bv| Avi Avjvn hvK wev Kib ZvK KD wn`vqvZ KiZ cvi bv| Ges Avwg mv w`wQ h, Avjvn Qvov Kvbv
gve~` bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi Kvbv kixK bB, Ges Avwg mv w`wQ h, gynvv` Zuvi ev`v (`vm) I Zuvi ivm~j|
wZwb ejZb, Zzwg hw` Zvgvi eei mv_ KziAvbi KqKwU AvqvZ mshy KiZ PvI Zvnj eje: (m~iv Avj
Bgivbi 102 AvqvZ, m~iv wbmvi 1 AvqvZ I m~iv Avnhvei 70-71 AvqvZ)| Gici Zzwg eje, Avv ev`y: AZtci,
Gici Zzwg Zvgvi cqvRb eje|1
Beby gvmE` (iv) ejb, ivm~jjy vn AvgvìK mvjvZi LyZev I nvRZi LyZev wkv `b| mvjvZi LyZev:
AvvwnqvZz wjjvwn ....| Avi nvRZi LyZev (Dcii evKjv)|2 G A_ Aviv AbK nv`xm ewYZ|
GRb mKj cKvi ee, LyZev ev Iqvhi iZ G K_vwj ejv ivm~jyjvn -Gi GKwU iZcY~ mybv Z| Avgvì
mKjiB DwPZ mvagZ mKj eei iZ Gwj ejv| Zvkvn&n~ ì kl ivm~jjy vn -Gi DjLi mgq ì` I mvjvg cvV
KiZ ne| AZ nvg`, Zvkvn&` I ì`-mvjvgi gvag mKj gvRwjm ev ee i Kivi gvag mybv Z cvjb QvovI eiKZ I
KzewjqvZ jvf Kiv hvq| ivm~jjy vn ejb:
w
w
.a
ss
h eei iZ Zvkvn&` bB Zv KwZZ ni bvq|

7. 5. 3. gvRwjm Zvmexn RvZxq whKi cvjbi cwZ
gvRwjmx whKii ga Zvmexn-Zvnjxj, BmwZMdvi, ZvKexi BZvw` GKvKx cvjbxq whKiI iqQ| gvRwjm `yfve Gjv
cvjb Kiv hvq:
(K) KziAvb, Bjg ev Iqvhi Rb gvRwjm Ki AvjvPbvi ga AveM Abymvi cZK wbRi gZ Gjv ejv|
hgb AvjvPbvi ga AveMfi myenvbvjvn, Avjnvg`ywjjvn, Avjv AvKevi, jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn, AvmZvMwdijvn, ^vjvjv
AvjvBwn..., Avjvn gv Kib, RvbvZ c`vb Kib, Rvnvbvg _K iv Kib... BZvw` cZK wbR wbR eje A_ev
GKRb ejj Abiv Avgxb eje|
(L) ay Gjv Rc Kivi Rb gvRwjm Kiv Ges mKj mgî Gjv Rc Kiv| A_vr myenvbvjvn, AvmZvMwdijvn,
Avjvv ^vwj Avjv... ivweMwdi BZvw` evK mKj GK mgî coZ _vKv|
c_g cwZwUB mybvZ cwZ| wZxq cwZ A_vr mgeZfve ev mgî Rc Kiv Ljvd mybvZ| ZvweqxMYi hyM _K
Kvbv Kvbv AveMx gymwjg Gic mgeZ whKi KiZ i Kib| mvnvexMY, ZvweqxMY I cieZx AvwjgMY KVvifve G cwZi
Avcw KiQb| Dci Avgiv mgî wZjvIqvZ welqK Avcw RbwQ| mgeZ whKi mK Avyjvn Beb gvmE` (iv) I Abvb
mvnvexi Avcw welqK nv`xm Avgiv GnBqvDm mybvb M AvjvPbv KiwQ| hviv Gfve whKi i Kib Zuvì `jxj wQj: Avgiv
AZ iZc~Y gvmb~b whKi KiwQ| gvRwjm em G mKj whKi KiZ nv`xm Drmvn Ìqv nqQ| KvRB gvRwjm mKj
mk mgeZfve ev mgî Zv cvjb Kiv KvbvfveB Abvq nZ cvi bv| mvnvex-ZvweqxMY hviv wbla KiZb Zvì `jxj
wQj: G mKj whKi gvmb~b| ivm~jyjvn () I mvnvexMY gvRwjmI Gjv cvjb KiQb| KLbv Zuviv mk mgeZfve ev
mgî Zv cvjb Kib wb| hw` Zvgvì cwZ Dg nq Ze mvnvexìK Abyg ejZ ne| Avi hw` mvnvexMY c~YZ
vi Av`k
4
nb Ze Zvgvi wevwi ìRv Dby KiQ|
dRii mvjvZ ev Ab mgq mvnvexMY GK em wZjvIqvZ ev Rcg~jK whKi Kij cZK wbRi gZ Zv KiZb;
mgî KiZb bv| Bgvg gvwjK ejb: mvnvexMY I cieZx AvwjgMY Gic mgeZ ev mgî whKi KiZb bv| Zuviv mvjvZ
Contents

Av`vqi ci cZK wbRi gZ wZjvIqvZ I whKi e _vKZb| cZK wbRK wbq e _KB whKi kl
KiZb| mgeZ ev mgî whKi-wZjvIqvZ be-DvweZ weÀvZ|1
251
om
7. 5. 4. mvnvexMYi whK&ii gvRwjm

mvgwMKfve Avgiv `LwQ h, mvnvexMYi whKii gvRwjm wQj g~jZ KziAvb, Bjg I Cgvb ewKi Iqvh-AvjvPbv|
AveMvbymvi Gi ga Zuviv Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, BmwZMdvi BZvw` ejZb|
GK nv`xm Zvweqx Avey mvC` gvIjv Avex DmvB` ejb, Dgi (iv) ivZ gmwR` beexi ga Nyi wdi `LZb|
mvjvZiZ ewMYK Qvov mevBK gmwR` _K ei Ki w`Zb| wZwb GKw`b Gfve gmwR` Nyi `Lvi mgq KqKRb
mvnvexK GK emv Aevq `LZ cvb, huvì ga DevB Beby Kve (iv) wQjb| Dgi (iv) ejb: Giv Kviv? DevB (iv) ejb:
n Avgxij gywgbxb, Giv AvcbviB cwievii KqKRb| wZwb ejb: Avcbviv mvjvZi ci em AvQb Kx Rb? DevB ejb:
Avgiv Avjvni whK&i KiZ emwQ| ZLb Dgi (iv) Zuvì mv_ emjb| Gici Zuvi mePq KvQi ewK ejjb : i Ki|
ZLb m ew `yAv Kijb| Gici Dgi (iv) GK GK cZKK w`q `yAv Kivjb Ges kl Avgvi cvjv Gm Mj| Avwg
Zuvi cvkB wQjvg| wZwb ejjb: i Ki| wK (Dgii DcwwZZ) Avwg GK`g AvUK Mjvg I KuvcZ jvMjvg| Avgvi gyL
w`q GKwU K_vI ei njv bv| wZwb Avgvi Kuvcywb Abyfe KiZ jvMjb| ZLb ejjb: wKQy AZ ej, bvnj AZ ej:
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
n Avjvn, AvgvìK gv Kib| n Avjvn, AvgvìK ingZ Kib| Avey mvC` ejb: Gici Dgi (iv) i
Kijb, ZLb mgeZ gvbylì ga Zuvi Pq ewk Avi KD Kuv`j bv| mevi Pq ewk `b Kijb Ges ewk AkcvZ
Kijb wZwb wbR| Gici wZwb mevBK ejjb: gvRwjm kl| ZLb mevB hvi hvi c_ Pj Mjb|2
Ab nv`xm Zvweqx Ave~ mvjvgv I Ave~ bv`&iv ejb:
( / ) ! :
Dgvi Bebyj Lvve (iv) Ave~ g~mv AvkAvix (iv)- K ejZb: n Ave~ g~mv, Avcwb Avgvi`K Avgvì iei whKi
Kivb| ZLb wZwb KziAvb wZjvIqvZ KiZb Ges Dgvi (iv) I mvnvexMY em bZb|3
cwm Zvweqx Ave~ bvìv ejb:
w
w
.a
ss
ivm~jyjvn -Gi mvnvexMY mgeZ nj Bjgi whKi KiZb Ges KziAvbi m~iv wZjvIqvZ KiZb|4
Gfve Avgiv `LwQ, mvnvexMY gvRwjm mgî Avm&ZvM-wdijvn A_ev Ab Kvbv whKi Av`vq KiZb bv ev
mgî wZjvIqvZ KiZb bv| eis Zuviv Bjgi AvjvPbv KiZb, GKRb wZjvIqvZ KiZb Ges Abiv bZb A_ev Zuviv
cZK cvjv Ki AvjvPbv KiZb Gi ga mKjB wbRi gZ BmwZMdvi, `yAv I whKi KiZb|
mvwbZ cvVK, Bgvg Ave~ nvwg` Mvhvjx (505 wn) iwPZ GnBqvD Dj~wgxb M cvV Kij Avcwb m`nvZxZfve
wbwZ neb h, 5g-6 wnRix kZK ch whKii gvRwjm I nvjKvq whKi ejZ Bjg I Iqvhi gvRwjmB eySvbv nZv|
wZwb G M Bmjvgx cwifvlvi A_weKwZ cm whKi I ZvhKxi cwifvlv DjL Ki ejb, Zuvi mgq (5g wnRix kZK)
whKii gvRwjm ejZ MKviì Iqvh eySvbv nZv| wK c~eeZx hyMjvZ whKii gvRwjm ejZ Cgvb, AvwLivZ BZvw`
AvjvPbv I KziAvbi A_ Abyaveb eySvbv nZv| G Mi me wZwb whKii gvRwjm ejZ Cgvb ewKviK I AvwLivZgyLx
Iqvh, KziAvb Aaqb I AvgjgyLx wdKn-PPv eywSqQb|5
7. 5. 5. gvRwjmi AvLwi gybvRvZ
gvRwjmi wfZi evievi wewfb `yAv Kiv whKii gvRwjmi AweQ` Ask| Dcii Kvbv Kvbv nv`xm Avgiv `LwQ
h, whKii gvRwjmi AbZg welq `ywbqv I AvwLivZi cqvRbxq welqjv Avjvni KvQ PvIqv| ZviciI whKii gvRwjmi
kl `yAv-gybvRvZ Kiv Avgvì Afvm| gywgbi `qi Pvwn`vI ZvB| wKQz mgq gnvb cwZcvjKi iY KvwUq kl wbRi
gbi wKQz AveM, Abyfw~ Z, ev_v-e`bv I PvIqv-cvIqv gnvb gvwjKi gnvb ìevi ck KiZ Pvb gywgb| GQvov whKii
gvRwjm wKQz mgq Aevbi KviY gywgbi `q webg nq Ges `yAvi cwiek Zwi nq| mevcwi mybv Zi AvjvK Avgiv Rvwb h,
wewfb bK Avgji ci `yAv Keyj nIqvi mvebv ewk| Gfve Avgiv Cgvbx PZbv, `qi AveM I mybv Zi AvjvK whKii
Contents
252
gvRwjmi kl `yAv ev AvwLwi gybvRvZi hwKZv eySZ cviwQ| wK ck njv, Avgiv wK G mKj `jxj I
hyw-i wfwZ Avgvì BQvgZ AvwLwi gybvRvZ bvgK Bev`ZwU cvjb Kie, bv Bev`Zi iZ welq `jxj LuyRvi
cvkvcvwk Bev`Zi cwZ welqI `jxj I mybvZ Abymvb Kie?
mybvZ Abymvb Ki Avgiv `wL h, ivm~jjy vn gvRwjmi kl `y cKvii `yAv KiZ wkv w`qQb| c_g cKvi
gvRwjmi Kvd&dviv hv gvRwjm DcwZ cZK ew gvRwjmi kl wbR wbR ejeb|
whKi bs 249: AvwLix `yAv I gvRwjmi Kvd&dviv
.c
om
DPviY: mye& nv-bvKvj& jv-v Iqv wenvgw`Kv, Avk&nv`y Avjv- Bjv-nv Bjv- Avb&Zv, Avm&ZvM&wdiKv Iqv AvZey BjvBKv
A_: gnvcweZv Avcbvi, n Avjvn, Ges AvcbviB cksmv, Avwg mv w`wQ h, Avcwb Qvov Kvbv gvey` bB, Avwg
Avcbvi KvQ gv PvwQ Ges ZvIev KiwQ|
Avyjvn Beb Avgi Bebyj Avm (iv), Ave~ evihv Avmjvgx (iv), Ave~ ivBiv (iv) cgyL mvnvex _K c_K mnxn mb` ewYZ
h, ivm~jyjv n gvRwjmi kl gvRwjm _K DVvi AvM G K_vwj ejZb| wZwb ejQb, Kvbv gvRwjm ev eVK _K DVvi
mgq hw` KD G K_vjv ej Ze Zv gvRwjmi Kvd&dviv ne, Gi KviY gnvb Avjvn Zvi gvRwjmi Abvq K_vevZv I
cvcjv gv Kieb|1 nv`xmwU mnxn|
wZxq cKvi `yAv gvRwjmi kl mKji mv_ GK `yAv:
whKi bs 250: gvRwjmi AvwLix `yAv
un
na
ht
ru
st
w
w
.a
ss
DPviY: Avjv-v&wmg& jvbv- wgb& Lvk&BqvwZKv gv- Bqvn~j~ evBbvbv- Iqv evBbv gvAv-^xKv, Iqv wgb& Zv-AvwZKv gvZzevwjbv- wenx RvbvZvKv, Iqv wgbvj Bqvxwb gv- ZznvIwqby wenx AvjvBbv gy^xev-wZ`& `ybB& qv| IqvgvZ&wZA&bv weAvm&gv-wqbvIqvAve&^vwibv- IqvzIqvwZbv- gv- Avn&BqvBZvbv-, IqvR&Avj&j Iqv-wimv wgb&bv-, IqvR&Avj mvA&ivbv Avjv- gvb& hvqvjvgvbvIqvb&^yi&bv- Avjv- gvb& Av-`v-bv-, Iqvjv- ZvR&Avj& gy^xevZvbv dx `xwbbv Iqvjv- ZvR&Avwj`& `ybB& qv AvKeviv nvwbv- Iqvjvgve&jvMv Bjwgbv Iqvjv- ZzmvwjZ& AvjvBbv- gvb& jv Bqvi&nvgybv-|
A_: n Avjvn, Avcwb AvgvìK Avcbvi fq Kivi ZvIdxK w`b h fq AvgvìK Avcbvi AevaZv _K iv Kie|
Ges Avcwb AvgvìK Avcbvi AvbyMZ Kivi ZvIdxK c`vb Kib, h AvbyMZi viv Avcwb AvgvìK Avcbvi RvbvZ
cuQveb| Ges Avcwb AvgvìK `pwekvm c`vb Kib, h wekvm Avgvì Rb `ywbqvi wec`-Avc`K mnR Ki è| Avcwb
Avgvì keYkw, `wkw I `ni kwK Avgvì Rb giY ch AzY ivLyb Ges GjvK envj iL Avgvì gZz `vb
Kib| hviv Avgvì Ryjgy KiQ Zvì Dci Avgvì cwZkva AcY Kib Ges hviv Avgvì kZv KiQ Zvì wei
Avgvì mvnvh Kib| Avgvì `xbK wec`hy Kieb bv, `ywbqvK Avgvì wPvfvebvi g~j welq evbveb bv Ges Avgvì
vbK `ywbqvi ga mxgve ivLeb bv| Avgvì cwZ ggZvwenxb KvDK Avgvì Dci gZvevb Kieb bv|
Avyjv n Beb Dgvi (iv) ejb,
ivm~jyjvn gvRwjm _K DVvi AvM G K_v ej Zuvi mv_xì Rb `yAv bv Ki Lye KgB gvRwjm ZvM KiZb|
nv`xmwU nvmvb|2
Ab eYbvq Zvweqx bvwd ejb,
...
Avyjvn Beb Dgvi (iv) Kvbv gvRwjm emj gvmwjm emv gvbylì Rb G K_vjv ej `yAv bv Ki ùvovZb bv|3
jYxq h, G `yAv Kivi mgq ivm~jyjvn , Zuvi gvRwjmi mvnvexMY, Avyjv n Beb Dgvi (iv) ev Zuvi gvRwjmi
Contents
253
gvbyliv Zuvì nvZ DwVq `yAv KiZb ej ewYZ nq wb| Avgiv `LwQ h, mvnvexMY ivm~jjy v n -Gi mybvZ eYbvq
AZ AvMnx I mP _vKZb| KLbv `yAvi mgq nvZ DVvj Zuviv Zv eYbv KiQb| GRb hLvb nvZ DVvbvi K_v bB mLvb
DVvb wb ejB cgvwYZ nq| cvkvcvwk Avgiv `LwQ h, `yAvi mgq nvZ DVvbv `yAvi GKwU Avè| ivm~jyjvn KLbv KLbv
GKvKx Ges KLbv KLbv mvnvexì mv_ nvZ Zzj `yAv KiQb| nv`xmi AvjvK eySv hvq h, gvRwjmi kl AvjvPK gyL
`yAvi evKjv ejeb Ges DcwZ gvbyliv Avgxb ejeb| KLbv hw` mKj nvZ Zzj G K_vjv ej `yAv Kib Ze Zv Aea
ev weÀvZ ej MY Kivi myhvM bB| Ze mvaviY dhxjZi nv`xmi Dci wbfi Ki Gic `yAvi nvZ DVvbv Riix ej
MY Kiv ev nvZ bv DVvbvK `ylYxq ej gb Kiv weÀvZ| nv`xm hnZz welqwU Dby mnZz welqwUK Db
y ivLZ ne|
DjL h, me`v mKj gvRwjmi kl `yAv Kivi cPjb mvnvex-ZvweqxMYi hyM wQj bv| ZZxq wnRix kZKi
cwm gynvwm, Bgvg eyLvix I gymwjgi Dv`, Bgvg hynvBi Beb nvie Avey LvBmvgv bvmvqx (160-234 wn) Zvi wKZveyj Bjg
Ges cg wnRix kZKi cwm gynvwm Ave~ byAvBg Bmcvnvbx (336-430 wn) Kdvi cwm Zvweqx Beivnxg bvLqx (96 wn)
_K eYbv Kib, wZwb ejb:
om
7. 6. whK&ii gvRwjm: Avgvì KiYxq
.c
Zuviv (mvnvex-ZvweqxMY) gvRwjm em Bjg PPv KiZb Ges bK welqjv whKi KiZb, Gici Zviv gvRwjm
f DV hZb, GK Acii Rb `yAv-BmwZMdvi KiZb bv Ges n AgyK Avgvi Rb `yAv Kib- cii G K_vI
ejZb bv| nv`xmwU mnxn|1
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
wZxq Aavq Avjvni Rb fvjevmv I mvnPh cm Avgiv mvnPh I gvRwjmi iZ AvjvPbv KiwQ| Avgiv
`LwQ h, Gic mvnPh I gvRwjm g~jZ bdj chvqi njI dih ZvKIqv ARb I ejvqvZi c_ Zv AZ DcKvix|
Avgvì `bw`b mvsmvwiK I RvMwZK KvRKg, mgvRi Abvb gvbyli mv_ Avgvì mswgkY, jb`b I K_vevZv Avgvì `q
KwVb Ki Zvj| gZzi wPv, AvwLivZi wPv, ZvIevi wPv BZvw` KjvYgq Abyfw~ Z gb _K `~i mi hvq| wbqwgZ I
mvewYK ewMZ whK&i, `yAv I Bjg PPvi cvkvcvwk whK&ii gvRwjm Avgvì `qjvK cwe I AvwLivZgyLx Kivi Rb LyeB
DcKvix|
`qi KvwVb `~i KiZ, `qK AvwLivZgyLx KiZ, gnvb Avjvn I Zuvi gnvb ivm~j -Gi gneZ w`q `qK c~Y
KiZ, Avjvni iY I Zuvi fq PvLi cvwb w`q `qK cwe I cwiQb KiZ whK&ii gvRwjm AZxe cqvRbxq| whK&ii
gvRwjm GKRb kvBL, cwiPvjK ev AvjvPK _vKZ cvib| Avevi gvRwjmi cZKB wKQy wKQy AvjvPbv KiZ cvib|
whK&ii gvRwjmi wbi welqjv jYxq:
7. 6. 1. cwievi w`q i Kib
Avgiv `LwQ, whKii gvRwjm cwievi _K i Kiv Riix| cwievii m`mMY Avcbvi RvMwZK Avb` I e`bvi
mv_x| cvkvcvwk ZuvìK invbx Avb` I e`bvi mv_x evwbq wbb| GZ Avcbvi cvwievwiK Rxeb AbK ewk eiKZgq ne|
AbK mgq cwievii `y-GKRb m`m Avjvni c_ PjZ Pvb wK Abiv evav `b A_ev PjZ Pvb bv| GwU gywgbi Rb KKi|
GZ nZvk bv nq cvwievwiK Avb` I M-Avvi mv_ whKii gvRwjm Rwoq wbb| gv^q mKj Avjvni c_i Avb`gq
hvvi mnhvx nq hveb| G `vwqZ cwievii KZvi, Ze cwievii h m`m Avjvni c_ hvv i KiQb ZvKB G welq
AMYx nZ ne|
cwievii mKj m`m GK em AZ 10/20 wgwbU KziAvbi KqKwU AvqvZ wZjvIqvZ, A_ cvV I AvjvPbv Kib|
me nj Gi mv_ wiqv`ym&mvwjnxb RvZxq M _K GKwU nv`xm A_mn cvV Kib| wk-wKkviì AekB GZ kixK Kieb|
wk-wKkviiv hLb Abyfe Ki h, gv 10/15 wgwbU gvRwjm kl ne ZLb Zviv Zvì Ljvayjv ev KvUby iL gvRwjm emZ
Avcw eva Ki bv| cvkvcvwk cwZ mvn ev AZ cwZ gvm GKevi evwoZ Kvbv AvwjgK Gb whKii gvRwjm cwZv
Kieb| gnjv, kni ev `ki h Kvbv chvqi whKii gvRwjm cwievii m`mì wbq GK AskMnYi Pv Kieb|
GQvov myhvM _vKj iwWI, Uwjwfkb, KvmU, wfwWI BZvw`Z Bmjvgx Abyvbjv cwievii mKjK wbq GK DcfvMi
Afvm Kib|
mvwbZ cvVK, cwievii m`mì wbq Gic gvRwjm c_g `wZ Ame ev KKi gb nZ cvi| KD nqZ K_v
be bv ej gb nZ cvi| Gjv meB kqZvbx IqvmIqvmv| mKj wav Gwoq i Kib| `Leb Zv LyeB mnR I
Avb`gq nq DVe| Abvb mvgvwRK, ivRbwZK, A_bwZK, Bjgx ev `vIqvZx eZv _K mgq KvUQvU Ki cwievii
mv_ Gic gvRwjmi Rb AwaK cwigvY mgq wbaviY Kib|
7. 6. 2. whK&ii gvRwjmi mv_x
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
254
(K). cvwievwiK gvRwjmi mv_x evQvBqi myhvM bB| Abvb mKj chvq mv_x evQvB KiZ
ne| huvì ga Bj&g I Avgji mg^q AvQ, huvìK `Lj I huvì KvQ emj Avjvni c_ Pjvi, Avjvni ivm~j Gi c_ Pjvi Ges Zuvi mybvZ AbymiYi ciYv cvIqv hvq ZvìK mv_x wnme MnY Kib|
(L). mv_x wbevPb mybv Zi w`K j Ìqv cqvRb| c~eeZx mKj eyRyMB Avnjym mybvZ Iqvj RvgvAvZ ev mybv Z
cwgK gvbylì mvnPh MnY KiZ wb`k w`qQb| eZgvb mKjB Avnjym mybvZ ev mybx ej `vwe Kib| wK ivm~jjy vn
Gì cwiPq w`q ejQb, Avwg I Avgvi mvnvexMY hvi Dci iqwQ, Zvi Dci hviv _vKe ZvivB gywcv `j| KvRB hviv
cwZwU KgB mybvZ beex I mybv Z mvnvev AbymiYi Pv Kib Ges huviv wbRì cQ` AcQ`K ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybv Zi
Aaxb Ki w`qQb ZuvìK kvBL ev mv_x wnmve wbevwPZ Kib|
(M) AmZKZv, BRwZnv`, Avjmwg ev bv Rvbvi KviY mybvZi Ljvd Kg Kiv LyeB ^vfvweK| AZxZ _K eZgvb
ch mKj bKKvi gvbyli gaB Ljvd mybvZ wKQz welq we`gvb| Ze mybvZK AcQ` Kiv ev Ljvd mybv ZK mybv Zi
Pq AwaK gneZ Kiv KwVb welq| hviv wewfb ARynvZ I hywZ mybv Z ivm~j () I mybv Z mvnvevi ewZg Kg KiZ
cQ` Kib, weÀvZK envj ivLZ AvMnx ev mybvZi Pq weÀvZ nvmvbvK ewk gneZ Kib Zuviv wbRìK Avnjym
mybvZ ej `vwe KijI Zvì Kg Zvì `vwe wg_v ej cgvY Ki| ivm~jyjvn fwelvYx KiQb h, Zuvi DvZi ga
Gic gvbyl Avme, hviv gyL hv `vwe Kie Kg Zv Kie bv, Avi Ggb Kg Kie h Kg KiZ Zvì wb`k Ìqv nq wb|
Gì weivwaZv KiZ I wewQb _vKZ wb`k w`qQb wZwb|1 Gic weÀvZ-cwgK gywgbi Kg my wkiK ev Kzdi bv nj
ZvK Cgvbi Rb fvjevmyb Ges Zuvi n`vqvZ I bvRvZi Rb cvYLyj `yAv Kib| Ze Zvi mvnPh eRb Kib|
(N). mv_x wbevPb Av_ ev mvgvwRK ghv`vi Kvbvic weePbv Kieb bv| weklZ Avcbvi gmwR`, gnjvq ev kni h
mKj `wi`, kwgK ev mvgvwRKfve AenwjZ gvbyl wbqwgZ RvgvZ mvjvZ Av`vq Kib I ZvKIqvi c_ Pjb BQvKZfve Zvì
mv_ ezZ Mo Zzjby , mvvr Kib, nvw`qv c`vb Kib Ges ZvìK whKii gvRwjmi mv_x evbvb|
(O) mv_xì mKji ev KqKRbi mv_ gmwR` A_ev Ab Kv_vI cwZw`b wKQz mgq, Zv bvnj AZ mvn wKQz mgq
whKii gvRwjm emyb| GQvov cwZ gvm ev AwbqwgZfve Kvbv mybvZ-Abymvix Avwjg ev eyRy Mi gvRwjm wKQz mgq KvUvb|
w
w
.a
ss
7. 6. 3. `jv`wji PvivevwjZ whK&ii gvRwjm

avwgK gymwjgMY mvaviYfve Kvbv bv Kvbv ew ev `ji gvagB avwgKZvi w`K wb`kbv cqQb| GRb Kvbv
ew ev `ji cwZ AwaK gneZ _vKv ^vfvweK| Ze ew ev `jK `xb evbveb bv|
wkiK wj ew Avjvni ejvqvZ Pvb; Ze wkiKi PvivevwjZ AvUK Avjvn ch cuQvZ cvib bv| Zvi `q
MvBijvn, A_vr hvK Avjvni gvag ev KvivgZi gvwjK gb Kib Zvi KvQB AvewZZ nq| Zuvi bK-bhi Abyfe Kib,
wec` ZuvKB WvKb, wbqvgZ cj Zuvi cwZ KZZv Abyfe Kib| weÀvZ wj ew ivm~jyjvn -Gi AbymiY KiZ Pvb; wK
weÀvZi PvivevwjZ co Zuvi KvQ hZ cvib bv| mKj Bev`Z Zuvi gb co MvBibex A_vr hvK ev hvìK wZwb gyiwk`
ev Bev`Zi c~Yv I wbfyj Av`k gb Kib- Zuvi ev ZuvìB K_v| Zuviv h mKj mybvZ MnY KiQb mjvB wZwb MnY Kib;
Gi evBii mybvZjv MnY KiZ Zvi Ai mvq `q bv| gyiwkì KviY wewfb ARynvZ we mybvZ beex ev mybvZ mvnvex
cwiZvM Zvi Rb mnR; wK mybv Zi ARynvZ gyiwk` ev gyiexMYi ZwiKv wZwb cwiZvM KiZ cvib bv|
mvwbZ cvVK, GKBfve `jv`wjZ wj ew Avjvni Rb fvjevmZ I whKii gvRwjm KiZ Pvb| Ze `jv`wji
PvivevwjZ co hvb| wZwb ew ev `jK fvjevmv I mvnPhi gvcKvwV evbvb| dj Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j Avi Zuvi `qi
mevP vb _vKb bv| ew ev `ji cfve wewfb ARynvZ wZwb QvU cvc ev cyYK eo, eo cvc ev cyYK QvU Ges
AcqvRbxq welqK Riix ej `vwe Kib|
GRb Avcbvi `j, wdKnx gZ ev cxii cwZ gneZ-mn Ab `j I gZi Abymvix KziAvb I mybvni gvcKvwVZ
evwnKfve gyvKx gvbylì BQvKZfve evQvB Ki Zuvì mv_ ezZ Kib, mvvr Kib Ges gvS gvS Zvì mv_ whKii
gvRwjm DcwZ nvb| bv nj wbRi ARvB `xbK `j`j wef Kivi gnvcvc wbcwZZ nq hveb|
7. 6. 4. KziAvbx gvRwjm KiYxq
whKii gvRwjmi AbZg gvmb~b whKi KziAvb| AbK Aa kZvx whKii gvnwdj KiQb, wK wefve KziAvb
coZ cvib bv Ges KziAvbi A_I eySb bv| G welq mPZb nIqv LyeB Riix| mKj whKii gvRwjm KziAvbi we
wZjvIqvZ I A_ wkvi Rb wKQz mgq wbaviY KiZ ne| ay KziAvb wkvi Rb wKQz gvRwjm Kiv hvq| cwZw`b dRi, Bkv ev
Ab Kvbv mvjvZi ci gmwR` A_ev Ab Kvbv vb Gic gvRwjm Kib| wKQz mgq we wZjvIqvZi Abykxjb Kib|
Gici A_ Aaqb Kib| Bgvg ev Ab KD KziAvbi Kvbv wbfihvM Abyev` ev Zvdmxi cvV Ki Zv`vim-Gi mybvZ Av`vq
Kiv hvq| GQvov gvRwjmi cZK wKQz wZjvIqvZ, ZiRgv I AvjvPbv KiZ cvib|
7. 6. 5. Iqvh I Bjgx gvRwjm KiYxq
Contents
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
255
Avgiv `LwQ h, whKii gvRwjm g~jZ Cgvb, Bjg I ZvKIqv ewKviK Iqvh I AvjvPbvi gvRwjm|
Iqvh-AvjvPbv Kiv I kvbvB gvRwjmi gyj whKi| Gi mv_ mv_ gywgbMY Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, BmwZMdvi, `yAv, ì` BZvw`
whKi cvjb Kib| weklfve j ivLv ìKvi h, G mKj gvRwjmi AvjvPbv hb gnvb Avjvni w`K ciYv`vqK,
AvwLivZgyLx, wbRì Mvbvn I Acivai viK I `b DxcK nq| weZK, DcwZ ev AbycwZ ew ev Mvxi
mgvjvPbv, Anvi, wel BZvw` Kw`K mKj AvjvPbv cwinvi Kiv cqvRb|
mKj AvjvPbv KziAvb Kvixg I aygv mnxn nv`xm Kw`K nZ ne| wg_v, evbvqvU, AwbfihvM eYbv, M,
Kvwnbx BZvw` mZKZvi mv_ cwinvi KiZ ne| GQvov AvjvPbv ivm~jyjvn I Zuvi mvnvexMY Kw`K nIqv wbZv cqvRb|
cieZx hyMi eyRyMMYi Rxebx AvjvPbv bv Ki wbfihvM mb` ewYZ wbfihvM M _K msMnxZ mxivZ, mvnvexMYi Rxebx,
Zuvì eyRyMx, KvivgZ, ZvKIqv, ejvqvZ BZvw` AvjvPbv Kiv DwPZ| GZ `ywU DcKvi nq|
c_gZ: Avgvì Aijv ivm~jyjv n I mvnvexMYi gneZ ewk ewk ARb KiZ _vK| Avi Zuvì gneZB
Cgvb I KvgvjvZ|
wZxqZ: ivm~jyjvn -Gi ci Zuvi mvnvexMY Avgvì AbyKiYxq Av`k| cieZx hyMi eyRyMMYi Kvwnbx AvjvPbv Kij
AbK mgq fyj eySvi AeKvk _vK| G me hyMi AbK eyRyM Zuvì eyRyMx mI wewfb mybv Z weivax Kg KiQb| KD mvgv
KvIqvjx KiQb, KD Ljvd mybvZfve wbRbevm KiQb| KD Ljvd mybv Z wewfb AveMx K_v wewfb nvjZ ejQb| G me
K_v mvaviY kvZv eySZ bvI cvib| GQvov mvnvexMY mwKZ eYYvjvi mnxn, hqxd ev Rvj mb` we`gvb Ges mbì KviY
hvPvB-evQvB me| cvi cieZx eyRyMMY welqK eYbvjvi mvaviYZ Kvbv mb` bB| GRb eyRMy ì bvg cPvwiZ
Kvwnbxjvi ga RvwjqvwZ evcK, wK hvPvBqi myhvM bB|
w
w
.a
ss
7. 6. 6. ivm~jjy v ni () Rxeb Kw`K whK&i

whK&ii gvRwjmi AbZg GKwU welq ivm~jyjvn -Gi mxivZ, kvgvqj I Zuvi Rxeb I Kg msv mKj welq|
Avgiv `LwQ, mvnvexMYi gvRwjmi AbZg whKi wQj Cgvb ewKviK I Avjvni wbqvgZ msv AvjvPbv| ivm~jyjv n
Kw`K h Kvbv AvjvPbv Zuvi cwZ Avgvì gneZ ew Kie, hv Avgvì Cgvbi AbZg Ask| GQvov Avgvì Rxeb
Avjvni k wbqvgZ Zuvi gnvb bexi DZ nIqvi mfvM| Gjv me`v AvjvPbv Kiv Avgvì GKv cqvRb|
mvnvex-ZveqxMYi Rxebi AwaKvsk gvRwjmB wQj ivm~jyjv n Kw`K| wewfb KvR Zuvi mybv Z, Zuvi ixwZ, Zuvi
Kg, Zuvi Rxebx, Zuvi evYx, Zuvi wkv, Zuvi gyevivK AvKwZ, Zuvi DVv-emv, kvIqv, Zuvi cvkvK cwiQ`, Zuvi Rb, Zuvi IdvZ,
Zuvi cwievi cwiRb BZvw` Zuvì mKj gvRwjmi AbZg welq wQj| Gjv AvjvPbv KiZ Zuviv PvLi cvwbZ eyK
fvwmqQb, AveM I gneZ `qK c~Y KiQb| Avgvì whK&ii gvnwdji AbZg AvjvP welq ne Gjv| G mKj
AvjvPbvi mgq ^fveZB evievi Zuvi Dci cZK hvwKi wbRi gZ gneZ I AveMmn mvjvZ I mvjvg cvV Kieb| Avgiv
BZvc~e `LwQ h, mvjvZ-mvjvg whK&ii gvnwdji AbZg whK&i|
GLvb DjL h, Avgvì `k G aibi whK&ii gvnwdj mvaviYfve gxjv` gvnwdj bvg cwiwPZ| gxjv`
gvnwdji Dveb I gweKvk mK Avwg Gn&BqvDm mybvb M wevwiZ jLvi Pv KiwQ| Avgiv `LwQ, gxjv`
Abyvb AbKwj gvmb~b Bev`Z cvjb Kiv nq, hgb: ivm~jjy vn -Gi ejv`vZ, IdvZ, Rxebx, Kg BZvw` AvjvPbv,
mvjvZ, mvjvg, Zuvi cwZ gneZ ew BZvw`| Aciw`K Gwj cvjbi cwZMZfve Avgiv wKQy Ljvd mybvZ KvR
Kwi:
c_gZ: ivm~jjy vn wbR Ges cieZx hyM mvnvex-ZveqxMY GmKj Bev`ZK whK&ii gvnwdj, mybvZi
gvndxj, nv`xmi gvRwjm, mxivZi gvRwjm BZvw` bvg KiZb| gxjv` bvg Kvbv gvnvwdj ev Abyvb D`hvcb
Zuvì ga wQj bv| bvg ev cwifvlvi Pq welq ewk iZc~Y| ZeyI bvg I cwifvlvi ivm~jyjv n I mvnvexMYi
ga cPwjZ bvg I cwifvlv eenvi Dg| eva bv nj Kb Avgiv Zuvì ixwZ, bxwZ ev mybv Zi evBi hve?
wZxqZ: ay gxjv` ev ivm~jyjv n -Gi Rb AvjvPbv I D`&hvcbi Rb gvRwjm Kiv, mvjvZ ev mvjvg cvVi Rb
DV ùvovbv, mgî HKZvb mvjvZ ev mvjvg cvV Kiv BZvw` mybvZ ivm~jyjvn I mybv Z mvnvevi Ljvd| G cKvii
whK&ii gvRwjm AvjvPK mnxn nv`xmi Dci wbfi Ki Avè I gneZi mv_ ivm~jjy vn -Gi gyeviK AvKwZ, Kg I
Rxebxi wewfb w`K, Zuvi ciYi gvag Avjvni gnvb wbqvgZi AvjvPbv Kieb| AvjvPbvi ga wZwb Ges hvwKiMY
whK&ii mKj Avèmn cwic~Y gneZ, fq, fw I webqi mv_ AbyPî cZK wbRi gZv Ki mvjvZ I mvjvg cvV
KiZ ne| Avi G-B gxjv`-Gi mybvZ mZ ic|
ZZxqZ: Ljvd-mybv Z cwZi mePq gvivZK w`K `jv`wj I nvbvnvwb| eZ gymwjg Dvni mKj `jv`wj-nvbvnvwbi
AbZg KviY gvmb~b Bev`Zi Rb Ljvd mybvZ cwZi Dveb| mvnvexMYi hyM _K cvq 600 eQi gymwjg Dvn ivm~jjy v n
-Gi Rb, Rxebx, wkv, gneZ BZvw` AvjvPbv KiQb Ges mvjvZ-mvjvg cvV KiQb| KLbvB G welq gZf` NUwb|
KviY welqwU Dby wQj, cZKB Zuvi myweavgZ Zv cvjb KiQb| hLbB G mKj Bev`Z cvjbi Rb gxjv` bvgK cwZi
Contents
256
Dveb NUj ZLbB gZf` i njv| Gici cvq 400 eQi ci hLb wKqvg-Gi Dveb NUj ZLb Avevi gxjv`Gi ci gvbylì ga bZzb Ki gZf` I wewQbZv i njv| gv^q cwZB Bev`Z cwiYZ njv| GLb hw` KD
mvivw`b ivm~jjy v n -Gi Rb, Rxebx, gywRhv, gneZ BZvw` AvjvPbv Kib Ges mvjvZ-mvjvg cvV Kib, wK gxjvì cwZZ
wKqvg bv Kib, Ze gxjv`-wKqvgi ci gvbyliv ZvK cQ` Kieb bv| G chvq _K Avgvì AekB AvZiv KiZ ne|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
7. 6. 7. whK&ii gvRwjmi weÀvZ I cvc

whK&ii gvRwjmi cKvi, cKw Z, cwZ, evK, k mewKQy mybv Zi ga mxgve ivLZ ne| mybv Zi ewZg mKj Kg
mhZ eRb KiZ ne| Avgvì `k whK&ii gvnwdj ev nvjKvq whKi bvgi Abyvbi ga we`gvb Ljvd mybvZ Kgi
ga iqQ: mgeZfve HKZvb whK&i, DPtî whK&i, wekl cwZZ k Ki whK&i, whK&ii wbqvZ, Bjvjvn ev AvjvnAvjvn whK&i, Bqv ivngvZzwjj Avjvgxb BZvw` evKi whK&i, MRj Mq whKi, Mvbi Zvj whK&i, kixi `ywjq, nj`yj,
jvdvjvwd ev bvPvbvwP Ki whK&i BZvw` AMwYZ Ljvd mybvZ, weÀvZ ev wkiKg~jK k, evK I cwZ Avgvì `k whK&i
bvg cwiwPZ|
Avgviv whK&i ejZ GmKj Ljvd mybv Z ev weÀvZ KgjvB eywS| h hZ ewk Ljvd mybvZ ev weÀvZfve
whK&i KiQ m ZZeo hvwKi I ZZ ewk gvidvZi AwaKvix| Avi h mybvZ Abymvi mvnvexMYi gZv whK&i KiQ m
Invex A_ev bxim Avwjg; Kvbv gvidvZ Zvi bB| hZ gvidvZi Drm gb nq weÀvZ| Zuvì `vwe Abymvi gb nq
ivm~jjy vn () I Zuvi mvnvexMYi Kvbv gvidvZB wQj bv! weÀvZ Dvebi ciB gvidvZi f m~Pbv Ges weÀvZB
mKj gvwidvZ! Bbv wjjvwn Iqv Bbv BjvBwn ivwREb !!
gynZvivg cvVK, G mKj eo eo duvKv eywjZ auvKvM neb bv| Avgiv `LwQ h, Bevq mybvZ ev mybvZi
AbymiY Qvov Kvbv Bev`Z, ejvqZ ev gvwidvZ nq bv| mybv Zi evBi wZ Qvov Avi wKQyB bB, Zv hZB PKPK KiK ev
PgK`vi nvK|
whK&i msv Ljvd mybvZ Kg `y cKvii: whK&ii ki ga Dveb I whK&ii cwZZ Dveb| cwZMZ
Ljvd mybvZ Kgi ga iqQ wekl cwZZ em, gv_v ev kixi SuvwKq, kixii wewfb vb whK&ii k viv avv ev
AvNvZi Kbv Ki, wekl cwZZ DPviY Ki, Mvb ev MRji Zvj Zvj, mgî HKZvb, DPtî, wPrKvi Ki,
jvdvjvwd Ki ev bP bP whK&i Kiv|
Gjv meB Ljvd mybvZ| KD Kvbvfve GKwU nv`xmI LuyR cveb bv h, ivm~jyjvn () ev Zuvi mvnvexMY
Gfve whK&i KiQb| wewfb mvaviY hyw I weklfve gbvhvM mwi hywZ Gjv Kiv nq| Avgiv BZvc~e G mKj
welq wKQy AvjvPbv KiwQ| Avgiv `LwQ h, wkv, Abykxjb ev gbvhvMi Rb Kvbv Rvqh cwZ ewMZfve wKQy
mgq, cqvRbgZv ev gvS gvS eenvi Kiv hvq| wK GjvK wbqwgZ ixwZZ cwiYZ Kij ev Bev`Zi Ask wnme
MnY Kij Zv mybv Zi wecixZ weÀvZ cwiYZ nq Ges Gi dj g~j mybv Z cwZ gZyeiY Ki ev mgvR _K DV hvq|
cwZMZ Ljvd mybvZi PqI gvivZK kMZ Ljvd mybvZ whK&i| GKRb hvwKi gvmb~b k whK&i KiZ
KiZ AveM nqZ gv_v bvovZ cvi ev whK&ii AveM Zvi bovPovq cKvk cZ cvi| ewMZ I mvgwqKfve Zv AbK
mgq Rvqh, hwÌ mybv Z bq| wK GKRb gywgb Kb Ggb k eenvi Ki whK&i Kieb hv ivm~jyjv n eenvi Kibwb? G
Ihi LuyR ei Kiv Aviv KKi| Kx cqvRb Avgvi wewfb hyw I AKvU `wjj w`q K Ki Ggb GKwU whK&i
cvjb Kiv Ges cPjb Kiv hv ivm~jjy vn I Zuvi mvnvexMY Kibwb Ges hv Kij Kx cwigvY mvIqve ne Zv Avgvì
gvUI Rvbv bB ?
7. 7. KvivgZ, nvjvZ I IjxMY
cvVKi gb ck RvMZ cvi, Avcwb h mKj KvRK weÀvZ ev Ljvd mybvZ ejQb hyMhyM ai Avjvni IjxMY Zv
m KvRB Ki AvmQb| G mKj KvRi gvagB Zviv ejvqvZ, KvivgZ, nvjvZ I dqhi DPgvM AvivnY KiQb| GLbv
`k `k G mKj Kgi gvag AMwYZ gvbyl ejvqvZ, KvivgZ, nvjvZ, dqh BZvw` jvf KiQb| Avcbvi K_v wVK nj Zv
wKfve me njv? Gjv wK cgvY Ki bv h, Avcbvi K_v fyj? wbgi welqjv G cki Di RvbZ mvnvh Kie:
7. 7. 1. mybv Zi c mKj eyRyM GKgZ
hyM hyM ai Avjvni IjxMY KLbvB G mKj mybvZ weivax KvR Kib wb| mvnvex, Zveqx I Zve-ZveqxMYi hyMi
Avwe`, hvwKi I m~dx-ìekMYi Rxebi Kg, whK&i I whK&ii gvRwjmi chvjvPbv Kij Avgiv `wL h, ejvqvZ I
ZvhwKqvi c_ Zuvì Kgwj wQj GKvB gvmb~b Kg| G M hv wKQz wjLv nqQ Zv Zuvì Rxebx I Kgi AvjvKB wjLv
nqQ| 5g wnRix kZvxi cLvZ gynvwm I m~dx Avjvgv Avey byAvBg Bmcvnvbx (430 wn) wnjqvZzj AvDwjqv M
mvnvexMYi hyM _K Zuvi hyM ch m~dx, ìek, eyRyM I hvwn`MYi Rxebx wevwiZ AvjvPbv KiQb| Zvì whK&i I
whK&ii gvRwjmi AvjvPbv KiQb| G mKj AvjvPbvq Avgiv `LwQ h, Zuvì whK&ii gvRwjm wQj Cgvb ewKviK,
`ywbqvi gvn, jvf, jvjmv, wnsmv, AnsKvi BZvw` _K `qK gy-Kiv welqK I `qi ga Avjvni fq, ZvIev I Bw
Contents
om
257
Mdvii ciYv-`vbKvix AvjvPbv I AvjvPbvi mv_ BmwZMdvi, `b BZvw`| cvVKK Abyiva KiwQ
wnjqvZzj AvDwjqv, wmdvZzm mvdIqv, wmqvi Avjvwgb byevjv BZvw` c_g hyMi I wbfihvM Rxebx M Zuvì
Rxebx cvV KiZ|
eZ, Avjvni IjxMYi bvg AMwYZ wg_v K_v mgvR cPwjZ| gyynvwmMYi AZ` cniv I ivi c _K
gZzì bvq KwVb kvw mI nv`xmi bvg AMwYZ wg_v I Rvj K_v cPvi KiQ RvwjqvZMY| Ijxì bvg Rvj K_v
cPvii Kvbv cniv ev kvwi eevB wQj bv| GKviY RvwjqvZMY G ewk mdj nqQ| Avwg nv`xmi bvg
RvwjqvwZ M welqwU wevwiZ AvjvPbv KiwQ| Avgiv `LwQ h, kvBL Avyj Kvwì Rxjvbx, gyCbyxb wPkZx, wbhvgyxb
AvDwjqv (ivn) cgyL eyRy Mi bvg wjwLZ Mv wì ga Ggb me Z_ we`gvb hv wbwZ Ki h, Zuvì hy Mi ci RvwjqvZMY
Zuvì bvg G mKj cyK iPbv KiQ Ges Kvbv Kvbv Zvì iwPZ cyKvwì ga AbK wg_v K_v XywKqQ|
Gi ciI Avgiv G mKj eyRyMi jLv cyKvwì ga gvmb~b Bev`Z I whK&ii K_vB `LZ cvB| kvBL Avyj
Kvwì Rxjvbxi (ivn) wbqvZzZ Zvwjexb I Abvb M, kvBL gyCbyxb wPkZxi (ivn) Avwbmyj AviIqvn, gyRvw` Avjd
mvbxi (ivn) gvKZzevZ I Abvb M, kvn IqvwjDjvn gynvwm `njexi (ivn) vZzjvwnj evwjMvi Bnmvb I ZvmvDd Ask,
Zuvi iwPZ Kvkdzj Lvdv Mi Dgvi (iv)-Gi ZixKv I ZvmvDd welqK Ask, mvBq` Avng` ejexi (ivn) mivZ gy
vwKg M BZvw` cvV KiZ cvVKK Abyiva KiwQ| ivn ejvqvZ-G cvVK hv wKQz `LQb Dcii M jvZI cvq ZvB
`LZ cveb|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
7. 7. 2. wbqwgZ Bev`Z ebvg mvgwqK Abykxjb

Avgiv `LwQ h, Ljvd mybv Z mKj KgB weÀvZ ej MY nq bv| eis Ljvd mybv Z KgK `xbi Ask gb
Kij, mvIqvei g~j Drm gb Kij ev mybvZi gZ ixwZZ cwiYZ Kij Zv weÀvZ cwiYZ nq| Rvqh welq wKfve
weÀvZ cwiYZ nZ cvi Zvi GKwU D`vnviY G eB _KB c`vb KiwQ| mKvj mvi whK&i AvjvPbvi mgq Avwg AbK
cKvii whK&i DjL KiwQ| Gjv meB gvmb~b whK&i| GjvK wjLvi Rb ^fveZB AvgvK GKwUi ci GKwU wjLZ
nqQ Ges gv^q mvRvZ nqQ| G gvbymvi mvRvbvUv mybvZ bq, Avgvi wbRi Zwi| mybvZ Gme whK&ijv cvjb
Kiv| whK&i cvjb KiZ Mj AekB GKwU g cqvRb| GKwUi ci GKwU Zv KiZ ne| mvRvbvi welqwU ivm~jyjvn
() Avgvì Rb Dby iLQb| hvwKi wbRi myweavgZv whK&iwj mvwRq beb| Avgvi gwUI G cKvii| G mvRvbv
wbtm`n Rvqh I cqvRbxq| wK hw` Kvbv hvwKi mybvZi wb`kbv Qvov gb Kib h, G whK&iwU AvM I G whK&iwU
ci w`ZB ne, ev G wbw` gv^q gb PjvUv GKwU Bev`Z, ev G wbqgi ga wekl mvIqve AvQ Zvnj Zv weÀvZ
cwiYZ ne|
whK&i welqK AwaKvsk weÀvZ Gic fyj aviYv _K GmQ| c~eeZx hyMi wewfb Avwjg I bKKvi gvbyl Zuvì
Qv ev gyix`K mybv Zi AvjvK wKQy whK&i eQ w`qQb, msLv wbaviY Ki w`qQb, Kjei AgbvhvwMZv ev Avjmgx `~i
KiZ ev gbvhvM ARbi Rb wKQy mvgwqK wbqgKvbyb ej w`qQb| hgb, KvDK Rvi whK&i KiZ wb`k w`qQb|
KvDK wbRbevmi wb`k w`qQb| KD wbw` cwZZ whK&i Kivi wbqg KiQb| KD wbw` fwZ em cvqi wbw` iM
Pc ai A_ev `ni wbw` vb AvNvZi Kbv Ki whK&i KiZ wb`k w`qQb| Gjv meB wQj mvgwqK I wekl
cwiwwZi AvjvK Zvì ewMZ BRwZnv` gv| wK cieZxKvj AbKB mjv `xbi Ask gb KiQb| KD
feQb, Gfve emv ev Gfve whK&i Kiv GKwU wekl Bev`Z| Gfve bv emj ev Gfve whK&i bv Kij mvIqve ev eiKZ
Kg ne| KD feQb, G cwZZ bv nj AvRxeb gvmb~b whK&i KijI ejvqvZ ev ZvhwKqv ARb ne bv| Gfve Zuviv
weÀvZi ga wbcwZZ nqQb|
7. 7. 3. gv^q AebwZ I mskvab
eyRyMì kLvbv Bev`Z I wiqvhZi cwZI Zuvì gZzi ci Abymvixì nvZ gv^q cwiewZZ nqQ| gyRvw`
Avjd mvbx (971-1034wn)-i gvKZevZ kixd _K welqwU fvjfve Abyfe Kiv hvq| Zuvi 200 eQi c~e evnvDxb bKke`
(791 wn) bKke`xqv ZixKvi Dveb Kib| G 200 eQii ga bKke`xqv ZixKvi ga AbK weÀvZ cek Ki ej wZwb
Zuvi gvKZevZi wewfb c Avdmvm KiQb|
Avgvì mgvRi w`K ZvKvjI Avgiv Zv eySZ cvie| Kvwìxqv, wPkZxqv, bKke`xqv, gyRvw`xqv BZvw` ZixKvi
`vwe`vi wewfb ìevi Mj Avcwb `Leb h, GKK ìevii whK&i, Ihxdv I Kg-cwZ GKK iKg, A_P mKjB GKB
ZixKv `vwe KiQb| Avevi Gì AbKB gv wZb-Pvi avc c~e GKB cxi ev Dvì wklZ `vwe KiQb, A_P Zvì Kg
cwZ GK bq|
7. 7. 4. mybv Z cZveZbB wbivcvi wbqZv
GKRb eyRyM ejvqvZ ARb Kib Zvi mvgwMK Kgi wfwZ| nvRvi nvRvi bK Avgji cvk `y-GKwU fyjvwi
KviY Zvì eyRMy x b nq bv| eis KziAvbi evYx Abymvi AbK bKxi KviY G mKj fyj ev Abvq gv nq hvq| cieZx
hyMi eyRMy MYi ga wewfb fyjwU iqQ| KLbv wekl nvjZ, KLbv Abykxjbi Rb, KLbv ewMZ BRwZnv` Zuviv fyj
Contents
om
258
Kg KiQb| G mKj Kgi dj hgb Zvì eyRMy x b nq bv, Zgwb Zuviv KiQb ej Gjv Avgvì Rb
KiYxq Av`k nZ cvi bv| Kvbv eyRMy Mvb-evRbv KiQb Ges bPQb, KD ev aygcvb KiQb... Gic AMwYZ welq
iqQ| GRb mybvZ cZveZb Qvov Kvbv Dcvq bB| KviY eyRyMì bvg AbK wKQzB `vwe Kiv nQ, KvbwU mwVK Zv evQvB
Kivi Kvbv mywbw` gvcKvwV bB| Abyicfve Kvb& KgwU Zuviv Bev`Z wnme KiQb Ges Kvb&wU mvgwqK Abykxjb A_ev
ewMZ BRwZnvì KviY KiQb ZvI ic Rvbvi Kvbv Dcvq bB| cvi mybvZi mnxn I evbvqvU Rvbvi
gvcKvwV iqQ Ges ivm~jyjvn -Gi mKj wKQzB Avgvì Rb AbyKiYxq Av`k| eyRMy MYi eyRyMx I ejvqvZi Rb ZuvìK
mvb KiZ ne Ges fvjevmZ ne| wK AbyKiYxq c~Yv Av`k wnme MnY KiZ ne ivm~jjy vn -K| Zuvi mybvZ
AbymiYi cyYv Av`k mvnvexMY| eyRyMMYK wbfyj, wbvc I mevP Av`k wnme MnY Ki Zvì gZi AhynvZ mybvZ
beex ev mybv Z mvnvex A^xKvi ev Agvb Kivi cwiYwZ Kx nZ cvi Zv mnRB Abygq|
eyRyMMYi Kg Abymy iY Ki Avgiv mvIqve I ejvqvZ Avkv Kwi| Avi mvnvexMYi e AbymiY Kij cvk Rb
mvnvexi mgvb ghv`v I cyivi cvIqv hve ej RvwbqQb ivm~jjy vn | wZwb ejb: Zvgvì mvgb iqQ ahi mgq, GLb
Zvgiv h Kgi Dci AvQ m mgq h ew AweKj Zvgvì cwZ AuvKo ai _vKe, m ew Zvgvì gaKvi cvk ewi
mgcwigvY mvIqve jvf Kie| mvnvexMY ejb, n Avjvni bex, Avgvì gaKvi 50 Rbi mvIqve bv Zvì gaKvi? wZwb
ejb, bv, eis Zvgvì gaKvi 50 Rbi mgcwigvY mvIqve|1
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
7. 7. 5. KvivgZ-dqh ebvg ejvqvZ-ZvhwKqv

Gi PqI eo ck njv eyRyM K? K KZeo Ijx Zv wKfve Avgiv RvbZ cvie? Bivb, Avie I Abvb `k wkqvì
ga AMwYZ cxi-ìek we`gvb hvì KvivgZ I Kvkdi K_v j KvwU gvbyli gyL gyL| A_P mybxMY Zvì gymwjg ej
gvbZB bvivh| Gfve cZK `jB `vwe KiQb h, Zvì bZe` mevP chvqi Ijx-Avjvn| Zvì Kvkd, KvivgZ I dqhi
AMwYZ M Zvì gyL gyL| cvi Ab `j GìK Kvwdi, dvwmK, Invex, weÀvZx BZvw` ej Mvwj w`Q|
eZ eyRMy x Pbvi Rb Kvkd, KvivgZ BZvwì Dci wbfi KivB mKj wevwi g~j| gymwjg Dvni mKj eyRyMB
ejQb h, eyRyMx Pbvi Rb Gjvi Dci wbfi Kiv hve bv, eis mybvZi Dci wbfi KiZ ne| mybvZi AbymiYi c~YZ
vi
DciB eyRMy x i c~YZv wbfi Kie| mvnvexMYi gZ whwb mKj Bev`Z e`wM cvjb KiZ Pv Kib, ZuvìB gZ wnsmv, wel,
jvf, MxeZ, MvjvMvwj BZvw` cwinvi Kib, ZuvìB gZ webq I myì AvPiY Kib, ZvK Avcwb eyRMy ej gb KiZ cvib|
mybvZi AbymiY hZ ewk ne eyRMy xI ZZ ewk ne|
w
w
.a
ss
AjwKK Kg Kiv, gbi K_v ejv BZvw` Kvkd-KvivgZ nZ cvi, Avevi kqZvbx BmwZìvR nZ cvi| Kvb&wU
ivevbx Ges Kvb&wU kqZvbx Zv Pbvi GKgv Dcvq mybvZi AbymiY| gyRvw` Avjd mvbx, mvBwq` Avng` ejex I Abvb
eyRyM DjL KiQb h, Kvwdi-gykwiKI wiqvhZ-Abykxjb Kij Kvkd, KvivgZ BZvw` ARb KiZ cvi| GQvov wkiK ev
weÀvZ wj KiZ kqZvb gvbylK ^c `Lvq| ^c, Kvkd ev RvMZ Aevq m AvjvnK ev IjxìK evievi `LZ cvq|
ivm~jyjvn ejQb, h ^c AvgvK `Lj, m cKZ
B AvgvK `Lj, KviY kqZvb Avgvi ic cwiMnY KiZ cvi
2
bv| gymwjg Dvn GKgZ h, kqZvb ivm~jyjv n -Gi AvKwZ MnY KiZ cvi bv| Ze Ab Kvbv AvKwZZ Gm wbRK bex
ej `vwe KiZ cvi wK bv m welq Avwjgì gZf` iqQ| AbK ejb, kqZvb hgb Zuvi ic cwiMnY KiZ cvi bv,
Zgwb m Ab ic GmI wbRK bexwR ej `vwe KiZ cvi bv| Ab AbK ejb h, kqZvbi Rb Ab AvKwZZ Gm
wbRK bexwR ej `vwe Kiv Ame bq; KviY Kvbv nv`xm Zv Ame ejv nq wb| Dci gvbyl kqZvb hgb Rvj nv`xm evbvZ
cvi, Zgwb wRb kqZvbI ^c ivm~jjy v n -Gi bvg RvwjqvwZ KiZ cvi| mnxn nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, mvnvex Beby Avevm
Abyic gZ cvlY KiZb| Bgvg eyLvix Zuvi mnxn M DjL KiQb h, cwm Zvweqx I ^c- wekvi` gynvv` Beby wmixbI
(110wn) Abyic gZvgZ cvlY KiZb|3
eve AbK NUbv wZxq gZwU mg_b Ki| Kzwqv Bmjvgx wekwe`vjqi GKRb AavcKi fvB gvidZx bvovi
dKxi `j hvM `b| wZwb Zvi evwoZ ivZfi MvbevRbv-mn whK&ii AvqvRb Kib| GZ Mvgevmxiv Avcw Kij wZwb
`vwe Kib h, wZwb hLb Gfve MvbevRbvmn whK&ii gvRwjm emb, ZLb Zvi gZ wcZvgvZv Kei _K DV Zvì
gvRwjm hvM `b| Dci ^qs ivm~jyjvn ^c ZvK Gfve MvbevRbv KiZ wb`k w`qQb| evYevwoqv Rjvi GKRb
cwm eyRMy cxi mvne a~gcvb KiZb| Zuvi wbKUZg GKRb Ljxdv Rvbvb h, ^c ivm~jyjv n _K wekl AbygwZ wbqB
wZwb a~gcvb KiZb| AvMi hyMi Kvbv Kvbv MI Abyic NUbvi K_v cvIqv hvq| Giv fyj `LQb, wg_v ejQb, bv
eveB kqZvb Gic ^c `wLqQ Zv AvjvnB fvj Rvbb|
Contents
259
mevcwi Kvkd, dqh, nvjvZ BZvw` Bev`Z Keyj bv nIqvi jY nZ cvi| mnxn mybvZ-mZ Bev`Z
wj nj kqZvb Avweì gb IqvmIqvmv w`q gbvhvM b KiZ Pv Ki| hb gywgb Bev`Z gRv bv cq Bev`Z cwiZvM
Ki ev AZ mvIqve Kg cvq| cvi Bev`Zi bvg weÀvZ iZ _vKj kqZvb KLbvB gbvhvM b Ki bv, eis Zvi
gbvhvM I nvjZ ew KiZ mP nq| KviY D gywgb Zv mvIqve cvQB bv, eis Mvbvn ARb KiQ, KvRB ZvK hZ ewk
D Kg iZ ivLv hvq ZZB kqZvbi jvf| GRbB AbK avwgK gvbylK `Leb wZwb mek whKi mvjvZ Av`vq Zvovov
KiQb| A_P weÀvZ wgwkZ whK&i-Ihxdvi ga gnv Avb` NUvi ci NUv KvwUq w`Qb| Zvnvy` ev KziAvb wZjvIqvZ
`b AvmQ bv| wK weÀvZ wgwkZ whK&i ev `yAvq ASvi Kuv`Qb| AbK mvjvZi ga wKQz Ljvd mybv Z wbqg cwZ ev
whK&i hvM Ki mvjvZ gbvhvM I gRv cvQb| wK we mybvZ-mZfve mvjvZ Av`vq Kij mic gRv cvQb bv| Gfve
Avgiv `wL h, Kvkd, dqh, nvjvZ, gRv, `b, ^c Gjv KvbvwUB Bev`Z Keyji AvjvgZ bq, ejvqvZi AvjvgZ nIqv
Zv `~ii K_v|
.c
om
7. 7. 6. ejvqvZ-ZvhwKqv: `vwe I eveZv

ejvqvZ I ZvhwKqv-ZvmvDdi `vwe mKjB KiQb| wK eve Kx `LZ cvB? wnsmv, NYv, wewQbZv, jvf, Anvi,
va, Am`vPiY, MvjvMvwj, ev`vi n web Kiv BZvw` AMwYZ Kg wj `LZ cvB G mKj gvbylì| A_P Zuviv Zvnvy`,
wZjvIqvZ, whK&i I Abvb ZvhwKqvi Kg wj! Gi KviY Jlai weKZ cqvM| ZvhwKqv I ejvqvZi bvg Bmjvgi AvswkK
wKQz wkv c`vb Kiv nQ Ges Zv ARbi Kvkd, KvivgZ, nvjvZ BZvw`K gvb` wnme ck Kiv nQ| dj mwZKvi
ZvKIqvi Abyf~wZ mw nQ bv| Dci AMwYZ nvivg wj _KB Ijx nq wMqwQ ej AvZZw I Anvi `qK Mvm KiQ|
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
7. 7. 7. bexcg-Ijxcg: `vwe I eveZv

AvkK ivm~j () nIqvi `vwe AbKB KiQb| IjxMYi gneZ I AbymiYi `vwe KiQb mKjB| wK eve
Avgiv Kx `LZ cvwQ? G mKj cwgKK hq ejyb, Avcbvi gZ, cvkvK, whK&i, gxjv`, ì`, ZixKv BZvwì mv_ ivm~jyjvn
() ev mvnvexMYi cyiv wgj nQ bv, GKUz wgwjq wbb| Zuviv wVK Gfve whK&i KiQb, Gfve gxjv` coQb, AgyK welq wVK
GK_v ejQb, KvRB Avcwb wVK AweKj Zuvì gZ Pjyb| Avcwb `Leb h, m cwgK Avcbvi K_v gvbQb bv| Avcbvi
K_vjv nv`xm bB- mK_v wZwb `vwe Kieb bv| Avcbvi K_vwji wecixZ Zvi gZi c Kvbv my mnxn nv`xmI wZwb
ck KiZ cvieb bv| wK Zv mI wZwb Zv MnY Kieb bv| wewfb IhynvZ `Lveb| GKei AcivM nj ejeb, Gjv
Invex gZ ev wev gZ! wZwb h Kg ev gZvgZ cvlY KiQb mwUB GKgv mwVK ev mybx gZ| KvRB Kvbv `wjj QvovB mKj
nv`xm I mybv Z evwZj nq Mj|
AbKi KvQB ivm~jyjvn -Gi mybv Z Gfve Invex ej Dwoq Ìqv mnR, Ze IjxMYi gZvgZ Dwoq Ìqv
AbK KwVb! ivm~jyjvn KiQb ev ejQb ejj Zuviv mnRB GKwU evLv w`q ev webv evLvZB Zv Dwoq w`Z cvib| wK
eyRyMì K_v ev Kg AZ mnR Dwoq w`Z cvib bv| Zv mI Avgiv `wL h, Aevi cwieZb nq bv| D Ijx-cwgKK
ejyb, Avcwb h, KvRwU KiQb Zvi wei ev hvK Avcwb wb`v KiQb Zvi c kvBL Avyj Kvwì wRjvbx, gyCb Dxb wPkZx,
gyRvw` Avjd mvbx, kvn Iqvjx Djvn `njex, mvBq` Avng` ejex (ivwngvgyjvn) ev Ab AgyK eyRMy AgyK M wjLQb,
ZLb GKB fve wZwb wewfb AhynvZ Zv gvbZ A^xKvi Kieb| Kvbv AevZB wZwb Zuvi gZ ev Kg cwieZb KiZ ivwh neb
bv! h eyRyMi bvg wZwb PjQb ^qs m eyRyMi gZI hw` Zvi gZi wei ck Kiv nq ZeyI wZwb Zvi GKwU evLv Kieb, wK
wbRi gZ ev Kg cwieZb Kieb bv|
Aii mePq eo ivM GwU| G ivM Avv ewi KvQ n Ges evwZji GKwUB gvcKvwV iqQ, Zv njv Zvi
wbRi cQ`| nv`xm-KziAvb ev eyRyMì gZvgZ Zvi cQ`K cgvY Kivi Rb, cQ`K Dvbvi Rb bq| hv Zvi cQ` nq
bv Zv wewfb evLv Ki evwZj Ki `b| AviexZ G gvcKvwVwUi bvg ( |)evsjvq cew ev ewMZ cQ`-AcQ` ejv
nq| KziAvb-nv`xm evievi G fqi ivM mK mveavb Kiv nqQ| GK vb ejv nqQ: Avcwb wK ZvK `LQb h
Zuvi wbRi cQ` AcQ` ev wbRi bdmi LvnkvZK wbRi gvey` evwbq wbqQ ? Avcwb wK Zvi DwKj neb?1 ivm~jjy vn
ejb: wZbwU welq gvbylK asm Ki: AcwZiva jvf-KcYZv, wbR cewi fvjjvMv g`jvMvi AvbyMZ, gvbyli Zvi
wbR gZi cwZ Zw I Avv|2
G ivM _K gywi GKwUB c_, wbRi cQ`-AcQ`, fvjjvMv I g`jvMvK mybvZi Aaxb Kiv| evLv w`q
mybv ZK evwZj bv Ki evLv w`q wbRi gZ ev eyRyMì gZK evwZj Ki mybvZK e MnY Kiv| G welq KziAvb I
nv`xm AbK wb`kbv Ìqv nqQ|
kl K_v
Contents
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
260
ivm~jjy vn -Gi mybvZi L`gZ G eBwU Avgvi AwZ bMY GKwU cPv| Pvi ga hw` KjvYKi
wKQz _K _vK Zv ay gnvb cwZcvjK Avjvn Rvjv Rvjvjyi `qv I ZvIdxK| Avi Gi ga hv wKQy fyj, vw AvQ meB
Avgvi AhvMZvi KviY Ges kqZvbi KviY| Avwg iveyj Avjvgxbi ìevi mKj fyj, Abvq I wevw _K ZvIev
KiwQ Ges gv cv_bv KiwQ| Avjvni ìevi mKvZi cv_bv h, wZwb `qv Ki G AhvM cPvK Keyj Ki beb| Avjvni
KZ wcq ev`v KZfve Avjvni xbi Rb gnvb KvR Ki PjQb| Avwg Zv wKQyB KiZ cvijvg bv| bv cvijvg ewMZ
Rxeb fvj Bev`Z KiZ| bv cvijvg DZi Kvbv KjvY wbRK wbqvwRZ KiZ| G z` cPv Avjvn `qv Ki Keyj
Ki GK Avgvi, Avgvi wcZvgvZv, x -mvb, hvìK Avwg Avjvni Iqv fvjevwm I hviv AvgvK Avjvni Iqv fvjevmb
Zuvì mKji Ges cvVK-cvwVKvMYi bvRvZi Imxjv evwbq èb G `yAv KiB kl KiwQ| Avwgb!
mvjvZ I mvjvg mvBwq`yj gyimvjxb gynvv` (), Zuvi cwiRb I mnPiì Rb| c_g I kl, me`v I me mKj
cksmv RMZmg~ni cwZcvjK Avjvni Rb|
Contents
261
Mcw
G M iPbvq g~jZ nv`xmM I nv`xm welqK Mv ejxi Dci wbfi KiwQ| GQvov gvSga `y GKwU Zvdmxi I wdKn
welqK eB _K Z_ MnY KiwQ| h mKj M _K mivmwi DwZ Ìqv nqQ m mKj Mi GKwU ZvwjKv GLvb MelK
cvVKì myweav_ c`vb Kiv njv| cvVK I MelKì myweav_ HwZnvwmK g Abymvi mvRvbv njv:
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
KziAvb Kvixg
Bebyj gyevivK (181 wn) wKZveyh hyn`, eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn|
gvwjK web Avbvm (179 wn), Avj-gyqvv (KvBiv, `vi GnBqvwqZ Zzivm Avj-Avivex, 1951)
Kvhx Avey BDm~d BqvKze Beby Beivnxg Avj-Avbmvix, (182 wn), wKZveyj Avmvi, eiZ, `vij KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, 1355 wn.|
gynvv` Beb nvmvb Avk-kvBevbx (189 wn), wKZveyj Avmvi (eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn, wZxq cKvk, 1993)
gynvv` Bebyj nvmvb, wKZveyj Avmj ev Avj-gvem~Z, KivwP, B`vivZzj KziAvb
gynvv` Bebyj nvmvb, Avj-vZ, eiZ, Avjvgyj KzZez , 1403, 3q cKvk|
gynvv` Beby dzhvBj `vex (195 wn), wKZvey` `yAv (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzi ik`, 1999, 1g cKvk)
Avyi ivvK mvbAvbx (211 wn), Avj-gymvbvd (eiZ, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 2q cKvk, 1983)
Avj-dviiv, Avey hvKvwiqv (211 wn), gvqvbxj KziAvb, eiZ, Avjg Avj-KzZze|
Beb wnkvg (213 wn), Avm-mxivZzb bvevexqvn (Kvqiv, `vii ivBqvb, 1g c, 1978)
mvC` Beby gvbm~i (227 wn), Avm-mybvb, wiqv`, `vij DmvBgx, 1414 wn., 1g|
Beb mv`, gynvv` (230 wn), AvZ-ZvevKvZzj Kzeiv, (eiZ, `vi mvwì)
Beb Avex kvBev (235 wn), Avj- wKZveyj gymvbvd (eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn, 1g msiY, 1995)
Avng` Beby nv^j (241 wn), gymbv` Avng` (KvBiv, `vij gvAvwid, 1958)
`vigx, Avyjv n Beby Avyi ivngvb (255 wn), Avm-mybvb (`vgkK, `vij Kjg, 1g cKvk, 1991)
gynvv` Beby BmgvCj Avj-eyLvix (256 wn), Avm mnxn, dZj evix mn, (eiZ, `vij wdKi)
Bgvg eyLvix, Avj Av`veyj gydiv`, eiZ, `vij evkvBi, 1989, 3q cKvk|
Bgvg eyLvix, LvjKz AvdAvwjj Bev`, wiqv`, `vij gvAvwid, 1978|
Bebyj Rvi`, Avyjvn Beby Avjx (307 wn) Avj-gybZvKv, (eiZ, mvKvwdqvn, 1g, 1988)
gymwjg Bebyj nvvR (261 wn), Avm-mnxn, (KvBiv, `vi GnBqvBj KzZzejy Avivweqvn)
Avey `vD`, myjvBgvb Bebyj AvkAvm (275 wn), Avm-mybvb (KvBiv, `vij nv`xm, 1g cKvk, 1998)
Beby gvRvn, gynvv` Beby Bqvwh` (275 wn), Avm-mybvb (Bv^yj, gvKZvevn Bmjvwgqvn)
wZiwghx, Avey Bmv gynvv` (279 wn), Avm- mybvb (eiZ, `vij KzZzwej Bjwgqvn)
Avyjv n Beby Avng` Beby nv^j (290 wn), Avm-mybv n, (`vv`, `vi Bewbj KvBwqg, 1g, 1406wn)
Avj-evhhvi, Avey eKi Avng` Beby Avgi (292 wn), Avj-gymbv` (g`xbv gybvIqvivn, gvKZvevZzj Dj~g Iqvj wnKvg, 1409 wn., 1g cKvk)
bvmvC, Avngv` Beby AvBe (303 wn), Avm-mybvb, (eiZ, `vij gvwidvn, 2q cKvk, 1992)
bvmC, Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv (eiZ, `vij KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, 1g cKvk 1991)
bvmvC, Avgvjyj BqvIwg Iqvj jvBjvn, (eiZ, wimvjvn, 1406 wn, 2q cKvk)
Avey Bqvjv Avj-gvDwmjx (307 wn), gymbv` Avex Bqvjv (`gvkK, `vim mvKvdvn Avj- Avivweqvn, 1g cKvk, 1992)
Zvevix, Beby Rvixi (311wn), RvgDj evBqvb/Zvdmxi Zvevix, (eiZ, `vij wdKi, 1988)
Beby LyhvBgv (311wn), mnxn Beb LyhvBgv (m`x Avie, wkv gYvjq, 2q cKvk 1981)
Avey DAvbvn, BqvKe Beby BmnvK (316wn) Avj-gymbv` (eiZ, `vij gvwidvn, 1998, 1g)
Avey Rvdi Zvnvex (321wn), ki gvAvbxj Avmvi (eiZ, `vij KzZwy ej Bjwgqv, 2q msiY, 1987)
AvKz Rvdi Zvnvex, kvi gykwKwjj Avmvi, eiZ, wimvjvn, 1994, 1g cKvk|
Beb `yivB` (321wn) RvgnvivZzj jyMvZ (nvq`vev`, `vBivwZj gvAvwid Dmgvwbqvn, 1345wn)
DKvBjx, gynvv` Beby Dgi (322wn), Av`-`y Avdv Avj-Kvexi, eiZ, `vij gvKZvevwZj Bjwgqvn, 1984|
Beby wnevb (354wn), mnxn Beb wnevb, ZviZxe Beb evjevb (eiZ, gyAvmmvmvZzi wimvjvn, 3q cKvk 1997)
Zvevivbx, Aveyj Kvmg myjvBgvb Beby Avng` (360wn), Avj- gy Rvg Avj- Kvexi (BivK, IqvKd gYvjq, wZxq msiY)
Zvevivbx, Avj- gyRvgyj AvImvZ (KvBiv, `vij nv`xm, 1g cKvk, 1996 )
Zvevivbx, Avj-gyRvgym mvMxi, R`vb, Avvb, `viy Avvi, 1985, 1g cKvk|
Zvevivbx, gymbv`yk kvwgqxb, eiZ, wimvjvn, 1984, 1g cKvk|
Zvevivbx, wKZvey` `yAv, eiZ, Bjwgqvn|
Avey eKi Rvm&mvm (370wn), AvnKvgyj KziAvb (eiZ, `vij wKZvwej Avivex, Zv. we.)
`vivKzZbx, Avjx Beby Dgi (385wn) Avm-mybvb, eiZ, `vij gvwidvn, 1966|
Avj:RvInvix, BmgvCj Beb nvv` (393wn), Avm wmnvn (eiZ, `vij Bjg wjj gvjvCb, 2q cKvk, 1979 )
Beb dvwim (395wn), gy Rvg gvKvqxmyj j~MvZ (Bivb, Kzg, gvKZveyj Bjvg Avj:Bmjvgx, 1404 )
nvwKg bvBmvc~ix (405 wn), Avj- gyv ìvK (eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn, 1g c.)
Avey byAvBg Avj-Bmevnvbx (430 wn), wnjBqvZzj AvDwjqv (eiZ, `vij wKZve Avj-Avivex, 1405, 4_)
Avj-Kz`vqx, gynvv` Beby mvjvgvn (454 wn) gymbv`yk wknve, (eiZ, wimvjvn, 1986, 2q)
evBnvKx (458wn), Aveyj Cgvb (eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn, 1g cKvk, 1990)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
Contents
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
evBnvKx, Avm- mybvbyj Kzeiv (eiZ, `vij KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, 1g cKvk, 1994 )
evBnvKx, nvqvZzj Avbweqv, wiqv`, gvKZvevZzi ik`, 1g cKvk|
Beby Avwj evi, BDm~d
~ Beby Avwjvn (463 wn), AvZ-Zvgnx`, givv, IqvKd I Bmjvg welqK gYvjq, 1387 wn.|
LvZxe evM`v`x, Avng` Beby Avjx (463 wn), ZvixL evM`v`, eiZ, Bjwgqvn|
Avey eKi mvivLmx (490 wn), Avj:gvem~Z (eiZ, `vij gvwidvn, 1989 )
Avey nvwg` Avj:MvRvjx (505 wn), BnBqvD Dj~g
y xb (eiZ, `vij wdKi, 1994)
AvjvDxb mvgviKv`x (539 wn), ZzndvZzj dzKvnv (eiZ, Bjwgqvn, 2q cKvk, 1993 )
Avey eKi Bebyj Avivex (543 wn), AvnKvgyj KziAvb eiZ, `vi GnBqvBZ Zzivwmj Avivex
Avj-Kvmvbx, AvjvDxb (587 wn), ev`vBDm mvbvq, eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn
Bebyj Avmxi gyevivK Beb gynvv` (606 wn), RvgDj Dm~j (eiZ, `vij wdKi, 1971)
Bebyj Avmxi, Avb- wbnvqvZz dx Mvixwej nv`xm (eiZ, `vij wdKi)
Avj-gvK`xmx, gynvv` Beby Avwj Iqvwn` (643 wn), Avnv`xmyj gyLZvivn, gvv gyKviivgvn, gvKZvevZyb bvn`vwZj nv`xmvn, 1410wn., 1g cKvk|
gybwhix, Avyj Avhxg (656 wn), AvZ- ZviMxe IqvZ Zvinxe (Kvqiv, `vij nv`xm, 1g cKvk 1994)
KziZzex, gynvv` Beby Avng` (671wn), Avj-Rvwgq wjAvnKvwwgj KziAvb (Zvdmxi KziZzex), KvBiv, `vik kve, 1372 wn., wZxq cKvk|
beex, BqvnBqv Beby kvivd (676 wn), kvi mnxn gymwjg, mnxn gymwjg mn (eiZ, `vij wdKi, 1981)
bvevex, Avj-AvhKvi, (eiZ, gyAvm&mvmvZzi wimvjvZ)
bvevex, wiqv`ym mvjnxb, (eiZ, gyAvm&mvmvZzi wimvjvn)
Beby gvbh~i, gynvv` Beb gyKviig (711 wn), wjmvbyi Avie (eiZ, `vij wdKi)
LvZxe Zveixhx (730 wn) gkKvZzj gvmvexn, (eiZ, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 3q, 1985)
hvnvex, gynvv` Beby Avng` (748 wn), gxhvbyj BwZ`vj, (eiZ, Bjwgqvn, 1995, 1g)
hvnvex, wmqvi Avjvwgb byevjv, (eiZ, wimvjvn, 1413, 9g msiY)
hvnvex, Avj-KvevBi, (g`xbv gybvIqviv, `viZ Zzivm, 1984, wZxq cKvk)
Bebyj KvBqg (751 wn), Avj- gvbvij gybxd (nvjve, gvKZveyj gvZeyAvZzj Bmjvwgqvn, 1g cKvk 1970)
Bebyj KvBqg, nvwkqvZz Bebyj KvBqg Avjv Avex `vD`, (eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn, 1995, 2q cKvk)
Bebyj KvBqg, RvjvDj AvDnvg (gv gyKviivgv, gvKZvevZz wbhvi evh, 1g cKvk, 1996)
hvBjvqx, Avyjv n Beby BDm~d (762 wn), wgki, `vij nv`xm, 1357 wn.|
Avj-dvBEgx, Avng` Beb gynvv` (770 wn), Avj-wgmevj gybxi (eiZ, `vij wdKi)
Beby Kvmxi (774 wn), Zvdmxij KziAvwbj Kvixg (KvBiv, `vij nv`xm, 2q cKvk 1990)
Beby Kvmxi, Avj-we`vqv Iqvb wbnvqv (eiZ, `vij wdKi, 1g cKvk 1996)
Beby ivRve (795 wn), RvwgDj Dj~g Iqvj wnKvg, (gv gyKviivgv, evh, 1g cKvk, 1997)
Dgi Beby Avjx Iqv`xBqvkx Avb`vjymx (804wn), ZzndvZzj gynZvR, (gv gyKviivgv, `vi niv, 1406, 1g cKvk)
b~ixb nvBmvgx (807wn), gvIqvwi`yh hvgAvb we hvIqvBw` Beb wnevb (eiZ, `vim mvKvdvwZj Avivweqvn, 1g cKvk 1990 )
b~ixb nvBmvgx, gvRgvDh hvIqvB` (eiZ, `vij wKZvwej Avivex, 3q cKvk, 1982)
Avj-dvBivRAvev`x, gynvv` Beb BqvKe (817 wn) Avj:Kvg~mjy gynxZ (eiZ, gyAvm&mvZzi wimvjvn, 2q cKvk 1987 )
Avj eymxix, Avng` Beby Avex eKi (840wn) gyLZvmviy BZnvwdm mv`vwZj gvnvivn (eiZ, `vij KzZwy ej Bjwgqvn, 1g cKvk, 1996 )
Avj e~mxix, hvIqvwq`y Bewb gvRvn (eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn, 1g cKvk, 1993)
Avj e~mxix, wgmevh hyRvRvn, (eiZ, `vij Avivweqvn, 1403 wn., wZxq cKvk)
Avng` Beby Avjx Avj-gvKixhx (845wn), gyLZvmvi wKZvwej weZi, (R`vb, hviKv, gvKZvevZzj gvbvi, 1413, 1g)
Beb nvRvi AvmKvjvbx (852 wn), dvZj evix, (eiZ, `vij wdKi, ZvixL wenxb)
Beb nvRvi, Avj Bmvevn, (eiZ, `vij Rxj, 1992, 1g cKvk)
Beby nvRvi, eyjy j gvivg, (eiZ, ZvixL I Z_ wenxb)
Beby nvRvi, ZvjLxmyj nvexi, (gv`xbv gybvIqviv, mvBwq` Avyjv n nvwkg, 1964)
mvbAvbx, gynvv` Beby BmgvCj (852 wn), myejy ym mvjvg, (eiZ, Zzivm Avivex, 1379, 4_ cKvk)
mvLvex, kvgmyxb (902 wn), Avj- gvKvwm`yj nvmvbv, (eiZ, Bjwgqvn, 1g cKvk, 1987)
mvLvex, Avj-KvIjyj ev`x (g`xbv gybvIqvi, Avj-gvKZvev Avj-Bjwgqvn, 1977, 3q)
myqZ
~ x, Rvjvjyxb (911 wn), Zvìxeyi ivex (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj KvImvi, 4_ c, 1418wn)
myqZ
~ x, dvyj Iqv dx Avnv`xwm ivdBj Bqv`vBwb wd` `y Av (R`vb, hviKv, gvKZvevZzj gvbvi, 1g cKvk 1985 )
myqZ
~ x I gvnvjx, Zvdmxi RvjvjvBb, (KvBiv, `vij nv`xm, 1g cKvk)
Beby BivK, Avjx Beby gynvv` (963 wn), Zvbhxk kvixqvn, (eiZ, Bjwgqvn, 1981, 2q)
Beby byRvBg (970 wn), Avj-Avkevn Iqvb bvhvBi, (gv gyKviivgv, gymZvdv evh, 1990)
gyjv Avjx Kvix (1014 wn), Avj- Avmivij gvidzqv, (jevbb, eiZ, `vij KzZez Avj- Bjwgqvn, 1g cKvk 1985 Bs)
gyjv Avjx Kvix, Avj-gvmb~q, (nje, gvKZve Avj gvZeyqvZ Avj Bmjvwgqv, 1969, 1g)
gyjv Avjx Kvix, wgiKvZ, (eiZ, gyAvm-mvmvZzi wimvjvn, 1g cKvk)
gyRvw` Avjd mvbx (1034 wn), gvKZzevZ kixd (evbyev` kvn gvnv` gyZx Avng` AvdZvex (XvKv, AvdZvexqv LvbKvn kixd, 3q cKvk,
1420 wn./1406 evs)
106. Avj-hviKvbx, gynvv` Beby Avyj evKx (1122wn), gyLZvmvij gvKvwmw`j nvmvbv (wmwiqv, Avj gvKZve Avj Bmjvgx, 3q msiY, 1983 ),
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
262
Contents
w
w
.a
ss
un
na
ht
ru
st
.c
om
hviKvbx, kvih hviKvbx Avjvj gyAvv, (eiZ, Bjwgqvn, 1411, 1g cKvk)

wmb`x, b~ixb (1138 wn), nvwkqvZzm wmb`x Avjvb bvmvC, (nvjve, gvZe~AvZ Bmjvwgqvn, 1986, 2q cKvk)
AvRj~bx, BmgvCj Beby gynvv` (1162 wn), Kvkdzj Lvdv, (eiZ, wimvjvn, 1405, 4_)
gynvv` Avj- Kvvbx (1245 wn), Avi- wimvjvZzj gymZvZivdv (jevbb, eiZ, `vij evkvBi Avj Bmjvwgqv, 4_ cKvk, 1986 Bs)
kvIKvbx, gynvv` Beby Avjx (1255 wn) bvBjyj AvDZvi, eiZ, `vij Rxj, 1973|
kvIKvbx, ZzndvZzh hvwKixb we DvwZ wnmwbj nvmxb, (eiZ, `vi mvwì, Zv. we.)
Avyi ivDd gybvex, dvBhyj Kv`xi kvi Rvwgwqm mvMxi (wgki, Avj-gvKZvevZzZ wZRvwiqvn Avj-Kzeiv, 1356 wn, c_g cKvk)
gynvv` Avyi ivngvb gyevivKcyix (1353 wn), ZzndvZzj AvnIqvhx, (eiZ, Bjwgqvn)
ZvnZvex, nvwkqvZzZ ZvnZvex, (eiZ, gyAvmmvmvZzi wimvjvn, 1g cKvk)
kvgmyj nK AvhxgAvev`x, AvDbyj gvey` (eiZ, `vij KzZwz ej Bjwgqvn, Zv. we.)
Avjevbx, gynvv` bvwmixb, mvnxnyj Rvwgwqm mvMxi (eiZ, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 3q msiY, 1988 )
Avjevbx, hqxdzj Rvwgwqm mvMxi (eiZ, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 3q msiY, 1988)
Avjevbx, mvnx mybvwb Bewb gvRvn (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvAvwid, 1g cKvk, 1997)
Avjevbx, hqxdz mybvwb Bewb gvRvn (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvAvwid, 1g cKvk,1997)
Avjevbx, wmjwmjvZzj Avnv`xwmm hvCdvn (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvAvwid, 1g cKvk, 1992)
Avjevbx, wmjwmjvZzj Avnv`xwmm mvnxnvn (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvAvwid, 1g cKvk)
Avjevbx, mnxZ ZviMxe IqvZ Zvinxe (weqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvAvwid, 3q cKvk 1988)
Avjevbx, BiIqvDj Mvjxj, (eiZ, gyAvmmvmvZzi wimvjvn 1g cKvk)
Avjevbx, mnxj Av`vwej gydiv`, (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvAvwid)
Avjevbx, hvqxdzj Av`vwej gydiv`, (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvAvwid)
W. mvC` KvnZvbx, wnmbyj gymwjg, (wiqv`, gyAvmmvmvZzj RyivBmx, 17g cKvk, 1416wn)
gvIjvbv gynvv` mvidvivh Lvbmvne mvd`vi, ivn mybvZ: Avj-wgbnvRyj Iqvw`n (fviZ, Ìe`, gvKZvevZz `vbk, Zv. we)
hvKvwiqv Beby Mvjvg Kvwì, Avj-BLevi dxgv jv Bqvwmn wgbvj AvhKvi, (Rv, `vij Lviivh, 1g cKvk, 2001)
W. Lv`Kvi Avyjv n Rvnvxi, Gn&BqvDm mybvb mybvZi cybixeb I weÀvZi wemRb (XvKv, BkvAvZ Bmjvg KzZez Lvbv, 1g cKvk, 2002)|
W. Lv`Kvi Avyjv n Rvnvxi, nv`xmi bvg RvwjqvwZ (wSbvB`n, Avm-mybvn cvewjKk, 2q cKvk, 2006)|
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
263

Rahe Belayet 1

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Rahe Belayet 1

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

ivn ejvqvZ

W. Lv`Kvi Avyjv n Rvnvxi

AavcK, Avj-nv`xm G BmjvwgK vwWR wefvM,

wc-GBP. wW. (wiqv`), Gg. G. (wiqv`), Gg.Gg. (XvKv)

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

W. Lv`Kvi Avyjvn Rvnvxi

iRe 1434 wnRix, R 1419 wnRix ev,

weq K`: 66 cvwi`vm ivW, evsjvevRvi, XvKv-1100

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

ivn ejvqvZi 1g msiY cKvk Dcj `Iqv

wmwK eski Dj b ki dzidziv

Aveyj Avbmvi wmwKx

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

c_g msiYi f~wgKv

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

wZxq mgmv I mgvavbi Pv

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

PZz_ msiYi f~wgKv

cksmv gnvb Avjvni I Zuvi gnvb ivm~ji Dci `i` I mvjvg|

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

1. 1. ejvqvZ I Ijx /35

c_g Aavq: ejvqvZ, Imxjvn I whK&i /35-240

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

1. 15. `yAv ev cv_bv vcK whK&i /105

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

1. 16. 2. KziAvb Kixg mvjvZ /174

wZxq Aavq: ejvqvZi c_ whKii mv_ /241-336

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

2. 6. 4. AvZwbqY I ahaviY /289

ZZxq Aavq: mvjvZ I ejvqvZ /337-444

3. 1. mvjvZi msw weavb I wbqg /337

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

3. 5. dih I bdj mvjvZ /390

PZz_ Aavq: `bw`b whK&i Ihxdv /445-524

4. 1. Nyg fvvi whK&i /445

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

4. 7. 2. Bkvi ci ivZi Ihxdv: `i` I KziAvb /508

5. 1. wmqvg, BdZvi, cvbvnvi, gngvb`vwi BZvw` /525

cg Aavq: welq mswk whK&i I `yAv /525-556

l Aavq: ivMevwa I SvodzK

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

mg Aavq: gvRwjm whK&i I whK&ii gvRwjm /613-650

7. 1. gvRwjm Avjvni whK&i /613

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

7. 6. 5. Iqvh I Bjgx gvRwjm KiYxq /637

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

Aviex ( ) wejvqvZ, ejvqvZ ev IqvjvqvZ A_ bKU, ezyZ ev AwffveKZ

Avgiv Imxjv kwUK Avhvbi `yAvq cwZw`b eenvi Ki ewj

n Avjvn .... gynvv` ()-K Imxjv c`vb Kib|

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

1. 4. whK&i, ejvqvZ I AvZw

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

1. 5. whK&ii cwiPq AZv

1. 6. KziAvb-nv`xmi AvjvK whK&i

Ges Avgvi whK&ii Rb mvjvZ cwZv Ki|

Ges mKvj I weKvj Zvgvi cfyi bvg whK&i Ki|10

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

ZuvK Zuvi bvg ai WvKzb|

1. 6. 5. Iqvh-bmxnZ Avjvni whK&i

ejvqvZ I ivm~jjy vn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv

Ges GwU GKwU eiKZgq whK&i hv Avwg bvwhj KiwQ|4

asm Zv`i Rb hv`i Ai Avjvni whK&i _K KwVb|5

1. 7. whK&i ebvg gvmb~b whK&i

AvPwiZ I cPvwiZ whK&ijv AvjvPbv Kie|