Lecture 3

Case 1:
Your friend hits you up saying he needs your help to handle some
business. Being the ride or die that you are, you dont question him
about the situation. He tells you to go to the store and buy the
following items and report to the house. A bag of Doritos, a battery, a
coffee cup with lid, a bottle of water and some aluminum foil. You
purchase the items asap and head over to his place. Once you get there
he explains that somebody has been messing with his money and hes
not having it.

Components of the Cardiovascular System

Vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

Blood Cells (suspended in plasma)

White Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells
Platelets

Heart
Lungs***

Arteries
These vessels carry blood away
from the heart.
For the most part, they all carry
oxygenated blood. There is one
exception.
They tend to have thicker walls
than veins.

Veins
Carry blood back to the heart.
Most likely deoxygenated blood,
except for one particular vein.
Have thinner walls than arteries.

Capillaries
Have very thin walls, usually a
few cells wide.
Blood moves the slowest in
capillaries when compared to
arteries and veins.
This is where exchange of blood
cell components occur.
Oxygen unloading
Molecule unloading
Waste loading

Red Blood Cells

Scientifically known as
erythrocytes.
The most abundant type of
blood cell.
Main function is to transport
oxygen throughout the body.

Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin is one of the main
components of RBCs.
Its function is to bind and
transport oxygen in the body.
Hemoglobin is made of 4 iron
binding domains.
Each domain binds 1 molecule of
oxygen.

White Blood Cells

Scientifically known as
leukocytes.
These blood cells help the body
fight off infection.
There are 5 major types of
WBCs.
They are found both inside and
outside of the circulatory
system.

Platelets
Fragments of cells that aid in
blood clotting.
Blood clot in a vessel is known as
a thrombus.

Blood In the Arteries

Vasoconstriction

Vasodilation

The contraction of smooth

muscle in arteries, which
increases blood pressure

The relaxation of smooth

muscles in arteries, which
decreases blood pressure

Blood Pressure
When taking blood pressure, we use the Brachial Artery which is at
the same height as the heart.
There are two tools used.
Sphygmomanometer (Blood Pressure Cuff)
Stethoscope

Average Blood Pressure is 120/80.

This is known as the Systole/Diastole.
Systole: Pressure in vessel during contraction
Diastole: Pressure in vessel during relaxation

Hemophilia

Anemia

Angina

Atherosclerosis

Normal Art.

Diabetic Artery

Getting Back to the Case

What can you make with the following items, and how?
Battery
Aluminum Foil
Doritos
Coffee Lid
Coffee Cup
Water

Entry into the Circulatory System

By breakage of a vessel and directly entering.
By being metabolized and taken up into the system.
By being absorbed through the skin and taken up.