SBM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHONOLOGY, DINDIGUL-624005.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Branch : Mechanical

Subject

: Dynamics Of Machinery

Year

: III

Subject Code: ME1301

Sem

: V

Faculty

: Mr.M.Sabareeswaran

QUESTION BANK

UNIT II BALANCING
TWO MARK QUESTIONS
1. What is dynamic balancing? (April/May 2003,2009)
A system of rotating masses is said to be in static balance if the combined mass centre of
the system lies on the axis of rotation.
2. What are the different types of balancing machines? (April/May 2003)

Static balancing machines

Dynamic balancing machines

Universal balancing machines

3. State the conditions for complete balance of several masses revolving in different planes of a
shaft. (Nov/Dec 2003)
(i) The resultant centrifugal force must be zero,
(ii) The resultant couple must be zero.
4. List the effects of partial balancing of locomotives. (Nov/Dec 2003)

Variation in tractive force along the line of stroke

Swaying couple, and

Hammer blow (i.e., variation of pressure on the rails perpendicular to the line of stroke)

5. Can a single cylinder engine be fully balanced? Why? (April/May 2004,2006)

No. A single cylinder engine cannot be fully balanced. Because the unbalanced forces
due to reciprocating masses remains constant in direction but varies in magnitude. .
6. What are the effects of hammer blow and swaying couple (April/May 2004)

The effect of hammer blow is to cause the variation in pressure between the wheel and the
rail, such that vehicle vibrates vigorously.

The effect of swaying couple is to make the leading wheels away from side to side

7. Why a single cylinder engines are not fully balanced? (Nov/Dec 2004,2009) (April/May 2007)
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No. A single cylinder engine cannot be fully balanced. Because the unbalanced forces
due to reciprocating masses remains constant in direction but varies in magnitude.
8. Define Hammer blow with respect to locomotives. (Nov/Dec 2004) (April/May 2009)
The maximum magnitude of the unbalanced force along the perpendicular to the line of
stroke is known as hammer blow.
9. Define swaying couple. (April/May 2005) (Nov/Dec 2007,2009,2010)
The unbalanced force acting at a distance between the line of stroke of two cylinders
constitutes a couple in the horizontal direction. This couple is known as swaying couple.
10. State the conditions for static and dynamic balancing. (Nov/Dec 2005)
11. What is the need of balancing of rotating masses, particularly in high speed engines? (Nov/Dec
2006)
If the moving part of a machine are not balanced completely then the inertia forces are setup
which may cause excessive noise, vibration, wear and tear of the system. So balancing of machine is
necessary.
12. Why is only a part of the unbalanced force due to reciprocating masses balanced by revolving
mass? (Nov/Dec 2006)
Balancing of reciprocating masses is done by introducing the balancing mass opposite to the
crank. The vertical component of the dynamic force of this balancing mass gives rise to hammer
blow. In order to reduce hammer blow, a part of the reciprocating masses is balanced hence
complete balancing is not possible in reciprocating engines.
13. Distinguish between the unbalanced force caused due to rotating and reciprocating masses.
(Nov/Dec 2006)

Complete balancing of revolving mass can be possible. But fraction of reciprocating mass
only balanced.

The unbalanced force due to reciprocating mass varies in magnitude but constant in direction.
But in the case of revolving masses, the unbalanced force is constant in magnitude but varies
in direction.

14. Why are the cranks of a locomotive, with two cylinders, placed at 90 to each other? (Nov/Dec
2006)
In order to facilitate the starting of locomotive in any position (i.e, in order to have
uniformity in turning moment) the cranks of a locomotive are generally at 90 to one another.

15. Differentiate between static and dynamic balancing. (April/May 2007) (Nov/Dec
2008,2009,2010)
S.NO

Static Balancing
The dynamic forces as a result of the

Dynamic Balancing
The arrangement made in static balancing gives

unbalanced masses are balanced by

rise to a couple which tends to rock the shaft in

introducing balancing masses in the plane bearing.

of rotation or different planes.
It deals only with balancing of dynamic

It deals with balancing of dynamic force and

forces

balancing of couple due to dynamic force.

16. What is meant by balancing of rotating masses? (Nov/Dec 2007)

The process of providing the second mass in order to counter act the effect of the centrifugal
force of the unbalanced first mass is called balancing of rotating masses.
17. Explain the term primary balancing and secondary balancing? (April/May 2009)
(i) Primary balancing is the balancing a fraction of primary unbalanced forces of an engine.
(ii) Secondary balancing is the balancing a fraction of secondary unbalanced forces an engine.
18. Define tractive force. (April/May 2010)
The resulting unbalanced force due to the two cylinders along the line of stroke, is known as
tractive force.
16 MARK QUESTIONS
BALANCING OF ROTATING MASSES
1. Four masses A, B, C and D are completely balanced. Masses C and D make angle of 90 and 195
respectively with B in the same sense. The rotating masses have following properties.
mb= 25 kg
Mc= 40 kg
Md= 35 kg

ra = 150mm
rb = 200mm
rc = 100mm
rd = 180mm

Planes B and C are 250 mm apart. Determine

(i) The mass A and its angular position
(ii) The positions of planes A and D

(April/May 2003,2007)

2. Four masses m1, m2, m3, m4 of 200 kg, 300 kg, 240 kg and 260 kg are attached to a shaft at planes A1,
A2, A3, A4 respectively and revolve at radii 270 mm, 210 mm, 300 mm and 360 mm respectively.
3

The distance of the planes A2, A3 and A4 are 270 mm, 420 mm and 720 mm respectively from plane
A1. The angle measured counter clockwise are m1 to m2 45 , m2 to m3 75 and m3 to m4 135 . The
distance between the balancing planes L and M are 500 mm and L is 120 mm from A1 and M is 100
mm from A4. If the balancing masses revolve at a radius of 72 mm. find their magnitude and angular
positions.

(Nov/Dec 2003,2010)

3. A, B, C and D are four masses carried by a rotating shaft at radii 100, 125 and 200 and 150 mm
respectively. The planes in which the masses revolve are spaced 600 mm apart and the masses of B,
C and D are 10 Kg, 5 kg and 4 kg respectively. Find the required mass A and the relative angular
settings of the four masses so that the shaft shall be in complete balance. (April/May 2004)
(Nov/Dec 2010)
4. Four masses A, B, C, D revolve at equal radii and equally spaced along a shaft. The mass B is 7 kg
and the radii of C and D make angles of 90 and 240 respectively with the radius of B. find the
magnitude of masses A,C and D and angular position of A so that the system may be completely
balanced.
(April/May 2005)
5. A shaft carries four rotating masses A, B,C,D are in complete balance. The masses B,C and D are
50kg, 80 kg, and 70 kg respectively. The masses C and D make angles of 90 and 195 respectively
with mass B in the same sense. The masses A, B,C, and D are concentrated at radius of 75 mm, 100
mm, 50 mm and 90 mm respectively. The plane of rotation of masses B and C are 250 mm apart.
Determine (i) the mass A and its angular position (ii) the position of planes A and D.
(Nov/Dec 2005,2006)
6. (i)
How are the different masses rotating in different planes are balanced?
(ii)
A shaft carries five masses A, B, C, D and E which revolves at the same radius in planes
which are equidistant from one another. The magnitude of A, C,D are 50 kg, 40 kg, 80 kg
respectively. The angle between A and C is 90 and that between C and D is 135. Determine
the magnitude of the masses in planes B and E and their positions to put the shaft in complete
7.

rotating balance.
(Nov/Dec 2006)
Four masses m1, m2, m3 and m4 attached to a rotating shaft on the same plane are 200 kg, 300 kg,
240 kg and 260 kg respectively,. The corresponding radii of rotation are 0.2 m, 0.15 m, 0.25 m and
0.35 m respectively and the angles between successive masses are 45, 75 and 135. Find the

position and magnitude of the balance mass required if its radius of rotation is 0.2m.
(Nov/Dec 2007)
8. Four masses m1, m2, m3 and m4 attached to a rotating shaft on the same plane are 200 kg, 300 kg, 240
kg and 260 kg respectively,. The corresponding radii of rotation are 200mm, 150mm, 250 mm and
300mm respectively and the angles between successive masses are 45, 75 and 135. Find the
position and magnitude of the balance mass required if its radius of rotation is 200mm.
(Nov/Dec 2007)
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9. A shaft carries four masses A, B, C and D of magnitude 200 kg, 300 kg,400 kg and 200 kg
respectively and revolving at radii of 80 mm, 70 mm, 60 mm and 80 mm in planes measured from A
at 300 mm, 400 mm and 700 mm. the angles between the cranks measured ACW are A to B 45, B to
C 70 and C to D 120. The balancing masses are to be placed in planes X and Y. the distance
between the planes A and X is 100 mm. between X and Y is 400 mm. between Y and D is 200 mm. if
the balancing masses revolve at a radius of 100 mm. find their magnitude and the angular positions.
(April/May 2009) (Nov/Dec 2009)
10. A, B, C and D are four masses carried by a rotating shaft at radii 100, 120 and 200 and 150
respectively. The planes in which the masses revolve are spaced 500 mm apart and the masses of B,
C and D are 10 Kg, 5 kg and 4 kg respectively. Find the required mass A and the relative angular
settings of the four masses so that the shaft shall be in complete balance. (April/May 2010)
11. A shaft carries four masses in parallel planes, A, B, C and D in this order along its length. The
masses at B and C are 18 kg and 21.5 kg respectively, and each has an eccentricity of 60 mm. the
masses at A and D have an eccentricity of 80 mm. the angle between the masses at B and C is 100
and that between the masses at B and A is 190, both being measured in the same direction. The
axial distance between the planes A and B is 100 mm and that B and C is 200 mm. if the shaft is in
complete dynamic balance, determine:
(i) The magnitude of the masses at A and D
(ii) The distance between planes A and D and
(iii) The angular position of the position of the mass at D
(April/May 2010)
12. Four masses A, B, C and D are attached to a rotating shaft with radii 50 m, 62.5 mm, 100 mm and 75
mm respectively. The distance between planes A and B, between planes B and C and between planes
C and D are 600 mm each. The masses B, C and D are 20 kg, 10 kg and 8 kg respectively, if the
shaft is in complete in balance, then find
(i) Magnitude of mass A and
(ii) Relative angular positions of the four masses.

(Nov/Dec 2010)