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DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
2013
Fig. 1
The design scheme of continuous beam is represented in Fig. 2
Fig. 2
A system may be singly, two-fold, three-fold,...., m-fold statically indeterminate,
depending on the number of redundant supports.
Consider the n und n+1 spans. The moments M n 1 , M n and M n 1 are
applied to replace the removed constraints between adjacent spans:
V. DEMENKO
Fn
M n-1
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
Mn
2013
Fn+1
Mn
Mn+1
ln+1
ln
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
n, n n, n 1 .
(1)
Fig. 5
Evidently that n, n n, n Fn n, n M n 1 n, n M n .
(2)
Determine these angles. For this purpose we draw moment diagrams due to the
given forces. The rigidity EI is assumed to be the same for all the spans:
V. DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
2013
1 n
n, n Fn
M yF x M y x dx n,n . (3)
EI y 0
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
1 M n 1ln 1
. (4)
2
3
EI
V. DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
2013
n , n M n
1 M n ln 2
. (5)
3
EI 2
Fig. 8
Substitute the results obtained in expression (2):
n, n n, n
M n 1 ln M nln
.
6 EI y
3EI y
(6)
(b) Consider the n+1 span and determine the n,n 1 angle:
Evidently, that
n, n 1 n, n 1Fn 1 n, n 1M n
n,n 1M n 1 .
Fig. 9
(7)
V. DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
2013
1 n
n,n1Fn1
M yF x M y x dx
EI 0
n,n 1 .
(8)
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
V. DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
2013
Fig. 12
We substitute the results obtained into expression (7)
M l M l
n, n 1 n,n 1 n n 1 n 1 n 1 .
3EI y
6 EI y
(11)
(12)
(13)
V. DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
2013
Example 1 Open the static indeterminacy of the beam shown in Fig. 13.
Fig. 13
The system is two-fold statically indeterminate. A feature of the system is
the presence of the overhanging end on the right and the built-in end on the
left. We transfer the force F to the point over the right support and introduce the
moment M 3 in place of the removed overhang (cantilever part).
We replace the built-in fixation by two infinitely close supports, i.e., we
introduce a span of length l1 0 on the left. Equivalent system is shown in
Fig. 13
For the pair of spans AB and BC equation (13) becomes
M 0l1 2 M1l1 l2 M 2l2 6 EI 1,1 1,2 , M 0 0 , 1,1 1,2 0 .
l1 0, l2 a, l3 b .
We proceed to the second pair of spans. The moment of the given force
M D M 3 may be considered either as a support moment equal to F or as a
given external load. We shall consider the moment F as a support moment.
Equation (13) then yields
M1l2 2 M 2 l2 l3 M 3l3 6 EI 2,2 2,3 , 2,2 2,3 0 .
By solving the equations obtained simultaneously, we find
0 0 2 M1 0 a M 2a 0,
M1a 2 M 2 a b F C b 0,
2 Fbc
Fbc
M2
10.91 kNm, M1
5.45 kNm .
3a 4b
3a 4b
V. DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
2013
Fig. 14
Example 2 Open the statically indeterminacy of the beam shown in Fig. 15.
Fig. 15
In this case
M 0 F a M A 10 1 20 10kNm,
M 2 q
d2
1
M C 10 30 25kNm.
2
2
V. DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
1.1 11 M B
2013
M Bb
40 2
80
.
3EI
3EI
3EI
Fig. 16
qc3
10 33
45
1,2 1,2 q
24 EI
24 EI
4 EI
Fig. 17
Substituting into equation (13) we get
45
80
10 2 2 M 2 3 25 3 6 EI
.
3EI 4 EI
From this, M1 3.75 kNm.
Therefore, opening of statical indeterminacy is finished and we will consider the
equilibrium of two separate spans:
(a) left span:
Fig. 18
V. DEMENKO
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
Fig. 19
2013
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