Theories &Diagnosis of Dental caries

( Lecture ( 6
Dr.Baha, H. AL-Amiedi
Ph.D.Microbiology
:Classification of Dental caries
Dental caries can be classified with respect to the site of the lesion and
diagrammatically in of lesion as
Bit and fissuer -1
Smooth Surface -2
Root surface -3
Recureent caries -4

: Theories of etiology of caries

: -1Early TheoriesA-Worms tooth aches caries caused by worm
B-Humors : unbalance between the humors : ( blood , black bile , yellow bile
(
2-Vital Theory : origination of dental caries with in tooth it self extensive -2
penetration into the dentin & into pulp
3-Chemical Theory : chemical agents responsible for caries4-Parasitic or septic Theory : filmentous microorganisms caused decomposition of the enamel and the dentin
5-Chemo - parasitic Theory (Miller 1890) : caries is caused by acids produced -5
by oral cavity microorganisms of the mouth miller 1890 concluded that the
. process was mediated by microorganisms produced acids and digestion proteins
6-Proteolytic Theory(Gottlib 1944) : it has been proposed that the organic -6
matrix or protein elements of enamel are the initial pathway of invasion by oral
cavity microorganisms
7-Proteolysis chelation Theory : this theory considers dental caries to be -7
bacterial destruction of teeth where the initial attack essentially on organic
component of enamel and the end products of proteolysis acts as a chelating.agent

:(Bacterial caries susceptibility test(synder test

Many attepts have been made to develop sutable
diagnosis test for the determination of caries susceptibility of an individual. most
of these tests have been based on differences in type of bacteria
present in the microflora of caries & whether these microflora of caries are
.capable of producing acid when incubated with sugar, usually glucose
There have have been number of modifications of this test in 1965 Grainger
introduced a swab for the buccal surface of teeth, the placing in semifluid synder
type medium& incubating at 37 C for 96 hr
.Test reading by color comparison to standard test

Reading of synder modification test Diffusion acid

color change to from yellow top down one fourth
+
or less of tube, from top down
++
color change to yellow, one half of tube
from top down
+++
color change to yellow, three fourths of
tube , from top down
++++
_

color change to yellow, entire tube

No color change

The current approach to diagnose

The current approach to diagnose
dental caries
Naked eyes-1
Mechanical probing-2
X-ray-3

The current approach to treat

dental caries

Surgical repair
Fluoride treatment
Mechanical removal

Gross Visual
Examination