Formation

Evaluation &
Wellsite
Duties
Edi B. Setyobudi
2016

Further Readings
Baker Hughes, 1996, Wellsite
Geology Reference Guide
Baker Hughes, 1996, Surface
Logging Systems Training
Guide
Seubert, B.W., 1995, The
Wellsite Guide An Introduction
to Geological Wellsite
Operations PT PetroPEP
Nusantara Online Publication

Formation Evaluation
Techniques used to determine the ability of a
wellbore to economically produce
hydrocarbons:
Wellbore cutting examination
Mud logging hydrocarbon gases recording
Coring
Wireline logging
Well testing
Tyas Mirasih

Wellsite Geologist Duties

Collect, Evaluate and Record all
geological data and report to the
Operation Geology Supervisor:
Describe and record lithology and HC
shows encountered in the well
Witness & QC mud logging and
wireline operations
Core point selection and description
(include SWC)

Example of Manual Mud Log

Shown:

Rate of Penetration (minutes/foot)

Visual Porosity
Lithology
Detail Description

Drilling Rate (Rate of Penetration / ROP) is

calculated using readings from the geolograph
(real time)

What Missing:
Gas Readings (Total Gas and Gas
Chromatographs)
Oil Shows

Computer Generated Mud

Shown:
Log

Drilling Rate
(ROP)
Oil Shows
Core Interval
DST Interval
Lithology
Description
Total Gas
Gas
Chromatography
Cuttings & HC
take time from
the drill-bit to
reach to the

Real-time and Lag-time

Cutting &
Gas
Lag-time
recording

Geolograph
Real-time
recording

Lag-Time
Lag Time time interval required for
pumping samples (cuttings, oil, gas)
to surface measured in pump
strokes or minutes
Depends on:
Mud volume in the hole
Mud flow rate

Calculation needs regular check

Cuttings
Look at the
description! There
are:
3 different shales
2 different
limestones
A consolidated
sand
Loose sand grain

Cutting Description
Rock Type
Accessory mineral
Guidelines
Color
Hardness
Grain size and shape
Sorting
Cementation and Matrix

Fossil & Unusual

Features
Visual Porosity &
Permeability
Hydrocarbon Show
Indication

Additional Descriptions
Grain color - mainly to describe grains in loose sand
Cutting Shape - typically texture for soft sediment
like coal, shale and siltstone, but some features
recognized as pressure and bit type effect
Fissility - main internal structure to identified shale
Luster - mainly used for mineral or showing degree
of coal maturity
Crystallinity - specially used for limestone

HC Shows
Oil Shows
Oil show description under ultraviolet light microscope

Gas Shows
Total Gas readings using hot-wire
unit (gas detector)
Gas Chromatography (C1 C5+)
Beware that some minerals have natural fluorescence under UV
light

Oil Show
Sandstone with around 40% yellow
fluorescence
Using UV light
Sandstone with oil staining
Under normal light

Oil Show / Cut

Slow Streaming Cut

Naturally Fluorescing Minerals

under UV

Be careful
Certain minerals fluoresce
under UV-light

Gas Detection Process

Gas released from rocks
due to bit action
Mud circulation carries the
gas to surface
Gas trap positioned at
Flow Line to capture it
A Gas Detector Unit (HotWire Unit) reads the
amount of gas
Gas Chromatograph
separates readings of C1,

Gas Detection Process

Gas
Chromatography
Interpretation
Baker Hughes 1993

Turkey-Veggie

Picking Core Point

Correlate with
existing well logs
identify a
marker above the
core point
Stop at drilling
break circulateout samples
Mud (Lithologic) Log

If confirmed
POH to change

Core Bit and Core

Barrels

Lay Down The Core in The Core

Boxes

Describe The Core

Lithology
Sedimentary
structures
HC shows
Oil bleeding from the cores

Wireline Logging Pre Job

Inform Logging Engineer with:
Logging program as stated in the Drilling
Program and number of rush copies
All Log Header Data (Well Name, Location,
Elevation etc)
Provide mud samples and witness the
measurements of Rmf, Rm, Rmc

If Shop Calibration older than 3 months

reject
Minimum two thermometers for Bottom Hole
Temperature measurement

Witness Wireline Logging

Inspect tool calibration procedures
Compare Before Survey and After Survey
Calibrations

Compare logs to:

Repeat Sections
Offset wells and previous runs

Monitor depth control procedures and verify

tieback to previous run
Monitor logging contractor operating and

Well Testing Drill Stem Test

Fluid samples (oil, gas, water)
Initial Reservoir Pressure
Permeability, skin, radius of
investigation
Productivity estimate

Well Testing Drill Stem Test

Openhole DST:
Double Packer Test
Single Packer Test

Seldom run in soft Tertiary Rocks due

to hole instability

Pressure Recording during

(C
(F
(A
(G
DST
(A)Run in hole,
)
)
)
)
(E
)
(B
)

(D
)

gauge
measuring
hydrostatic
pressure of mud
column

(B)Pre-flow period
(C)Initial Shut-in
(D)Initial flow
period
(E)Final Flow
(F)Final Shut-in

DepKes 2013

DM = Diabetes
Melitus
Silent Killer

TGT= Toleransi Glukosa

Terganggu
Gula Darah Puasa 140-199

DepKes 2013

GDP Terganggu: Gula Darah

Puasa 100-125 mg/dl

http://www.glycemicindex.com/about.php

Thanks for
your kind attention