Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
DavidHernandez
Date
12/18/15
SludgeReport
Chemistry
ExecutiveSummary
Respondtoquestion,ShouldtheewasterecyclingplantbeallowedtosetupinPawtucket?
Clearlyarticulatea
claim
(recommendation)regardingoperationoftheelectronicrecyclingplant.
Identifycomponentsofsludgeas
evidence
tosupporttheclaim.
Linkevidencebacktoclaimbydeterminingwhetherthosecomponentsaretoxic,valuable,orrecyclable
(
reasoning
).
TheewasterecyclingplantshouldbebeallowedtosetupinPawtucket.Theewaterrecyclingshouldbe
allowedtosetupherebecausethewaterwon'twegoodiftheydumpthissludgeinthelakes.Thewater
wouldn'tbegoodbecausecopper,zincandberylliumaretoxic.Andifwegointhelakesoreatthefishinititit
canleadtoseriousdiseases.SoiftheewasterecyclingplantsetsupinPawtucketitcanpreventthisfrom
happening.
Methods
Describewhatyoudidtoseparateandidentifythecomponentsofyoursludgesample.Justifytheorderof
separationmethodsyouused.
Example:
Wenoticedanoilysubstanceontopofoursludge,sowedecidedtostartbypipettingthatoiloffintoanother
beaker.Theboilingpointofoilisveryhigh,soitwouldhavebeendifficulttoseparateitfromeverythingelse
usingadistillation.Pipettingitoffthetopatthebeginningalsomadeourotherseparationproceduresmuch
cleaner.Oncewehadtheoilinaseparatebeaker,we.
Inordertofindoutwhatwasinoursludgeourgroupseparatedallthesubstancesbyputtingeachofthemin
Petridishesbyusingfilterpaper.Afterweseparatedthemwetooklayersoffoftheliquidsabouttwotimes
becausetheywouldmixwitheachother.Tofigureoutwhatthesolidswerewefoundoutwhatthedensity
wasandfortheliquidswediddistillationthencomparedthedatawegottothereferencesheetwehad.The
onlyunknownsubstancewefoundoutbynotusingthesetechniqueswaswax.Wefoundoutwhatitwasby
meltingit,feelingthetextureandusingwhatwealreadyknewaboutwaxtoseeifitwas.
Table
Createatablewiththechemicalandphysicalpropertiesofeachcomponentofyoursludge.Forliquids,you
shouldincludechemicalandphysicalpropertiessuchasboilingpoint,density,color,andflammability.For
solids,youshouldincludechemicalandphysicalpropertiessuchasdensity,solubility,polarity,color,and
magnetism.Youshould
researchthisinformation
tomakesureyouveentereditcorrectly.Hereisnotthe
placetotellmethedensityyoufoundwhileexperimenting,forexample.Iveprovidedtwoexamplesforyou,
butyoushoulderasethesebeforesubmittingyourfinalreport.
Component
Density
Boilingpoint
Polarity
Color
Magnetic?
8.366g/mL
Copper
Nonpolar
Orange/Brown No
Zinc
7.7g/mL
Polar
silver
No
Wax
Seawater
1.09g/mL
Nonpolar
Polar
Orange
clearwith
whitecrystals
clear
sandcolor
No
No
Water
101.7
Polar
No
Beryllium
1.9833g/mL
Nonpolar
No
Findings
Identifyeachcomponentofyoursludge.Foreachone,providequantitativeandqualitativedataonthat
componentschemical/physicalpropertiestosupportyourclaim.ThinkofthisasaminiCERparagraphfor
eachcomponentofyoursludge.
Example:
Onecomponentofthesludgefromtheewastefactoryisaluminum.Oursludgecontainedasolidsubstance
thathadadensityof2.64g/cm3
,whichisclosetothedensityofaluminum.Additionally,thissubstance
lookedmetallicbutwasnotattractedtoamagnet.Thisfurthersupportsourconclusionthatthissubstanceis
aluminumbecausealuminumisnotmagnetic.Finally,thissubstancewassilverinappearance,whichmatches
thecolorofaluminum.Thedensity,lackofmagnetism,andcolorofthisunknownconfirmthataluminumis
oneofthemetalspresentinthesludge.
*Dontforgettousethefollowingwords:density,solubility,solute,solvent,polar,nonpolar,saturation,
atoms,molecules,distillation,boilingpoint
AunknownsubstancethatwefoundoutwasZinc.Iknowthattheunknowniszincbecauseofthedensity.The
densitywas7.7g/mLandintheknownsubstancesheetwehaveitisclosesttozincwhichis7.14g/mL.Ialso
knowthatitszincbecauseofthecolor.Ilookeduppicturesongoogleandtheywerebothsilver.Somygroup
cametotheconclusionthattheunknownwaszinc.
Anotherunknownsubstancewefoundwaswater.Ourgroupknowsthattheunknowniswaterbecauseofthe
boilingpointwefound.Wefoundthattheboilingpointwas101.7andonthereferencesheetwater's
boilingpointis100.Sobecauseofthisweknowthatitiswater.
Wealsofoundoutthatanunknownsubstancewaswax.Ourgroupknowsthatthesubstancewaswax
becausewhenweputitinwateritdidn'tdissolveandbecauseofitweknowitisanonpolar.Wealsoknow
becauseofthewaythetexturefeltandbecauseitmeltedandsinceIseenwaxbeforeIknowthatit'swax.All
thesecharacteristicsshowthatthesubstanceiswax.
Berylliumisanothersubstancewefoundinthesludge.WeknowthatBerylliumwasoneoftheunknowns
becauseofthedensity.Thedensitywefoundwas1.9833g/mLandonthereferencesheetitwasclosestto
Berylliumwhichis1.848g/mL.SobecauseofthedensityourgroupknowsitsBeryllium.
Ourgroupalsofoundoutthatoneoftheunknownswasseawater.Wefoundoutthattheunknownwassea
waterbecauseofthedensitywegotforit.Wefoundthatthedensityfortheunknownwas1.09g/mLand
afterlookingatthereferencesheetitwasclosesttoseawaterwhichis1.03g/mL.Soafterfindingthedensity
oftheunknownwefoundoutthatitwasseawater.
Thelastunknownsubstanceourmygroupfoundwascopper.Weknowthatthesubstancewascopper
becauseofitsdensity,colorandseeingifitwasmagnetic.Thedensitywefoundfortheunknownwas8.366
g/mLandonthereferencesheetitwasclosestto8.96g/mLwhichiscopper.Theunknownwasa
orange/browncolorwhichlookedlikethecolorofcopperwhenwelookedituponGoogle.Lastlywechecked
ifitwasmagneticwhichitwasn'tandcopperisalsononmagnetic.Soafterfiguringoutthesecharacteristics
wecametotheconclusionthatitwascopper
.
ExtraCredit
Prompt1
Whileworkinginthesludgetestmygrouphadsometrouble.Wehadtroubleidentifyingwhatthecomponents
werebecauseofthedensitywefoundforeachofthem.Iknowthatwemadeamistakebecauseafterlooking
atwhatthecomponentwaswelookeduppicturesandtheylookeddifferentfromthesubstancewehadinour
sludge.
Prompt2
ThemistakesImadeinthesludgetestaresimilartotheonesprofessionalscientistsmake.Theyaresimilar
becausewhenImadethemIknewwhatnottodoafterandprofessionalscientistsdotoo.Ialsodidn'tfind
whateachcomponentwasthefirsttimeandtheyalsoexperiencethat.It'simportanttomakethesemistakes
becauseyoulearnfromthemandyourdataismoreaccurate.
Rubric
SludgeAnalysis(LabWork)
Total
Componentof
Identified?(5pointseach)
Sludge
/35
WrittenReport
Total
ExecutiveSummary
Claim(5points)
Evidence(5points)
Reasoning(5points)
/15
Methods
(ClearlyDescribed)
/5
Table
(Showscharacteristicchemicalandphysicalproperties)
/5
Findings
(CERParagraphs)
Identified
Claim(2points)
Qualitative
Quantitative
Reasoning(2
Component
Evidence?(2
Evidence?(2
points)
points)
points)
Water
WrittenReportTotal
/48
/73