PIRIMP

Training Materials
of
Quality Control

Masonry Works
Required Quality

--------------------------- M-1

Trial Mix (Mortar)

--------------------------- M-2

Note for Masonry Works --------------------------- M-3

Dimension Control

--------------------------- M-4

QC Method

--------------------------- M-5

Do nots

--------------------------- M-6

Masonry Works
1) Quality
TS D-2.2
Sand :
Stone : Specific Gravity Gs
Dmax
2) Type
Type of
Stone
Masonry

< 5 mm
> 2.5
< 40 cm, 2/3 of thickness

TS D-2.3.2
Ratio of cement-sand
(by volume)

Source of Stone

Type A

One part of Portland cement

to three part sand (1 : 3)

Quarry

Type B

One part of Portland cement

to four part sand (1 : 4)

Quarry

Type C

One part of Portland cement

to four part sand (1 : 4)

Re-use of
demolished stone
masonry

Remarks
protection work subject to
abrasion and attack by boulders
and gravel usually used under the
flowing water
all other stone masonry structures

3) Test item
Frequency
Material & Test
Cement

Frequency
same as Concrete Works

Sand
Gradation
Loss test (washing)
Specific Gravity
Loss by abration
Soundness
Mortar
Test specimen

for every 100m of construction length

Dia. : 50mm
once every 100m
Height : 100mm
each work segment
6 pieces / test
(3 pieces * 7 , 28 days)

Compressive strength once every 100m

each work segment

Note : Data sheet (FORM) of Concrete can be used.

M-1

M-1

Portable Mechanical Mixer

Unit
Weight

Mortar
Type
A

W/C (%)
55

Water
Cement
Sand
(ltr)

Mortar
Type
B

(in volume)
Cement
Sand
1
3
Target
Weight
(kg)
13.8
25.0
39.4

(in volume)
Cement
Sand
1
4
Target
Weight

Water
Cement
Sand
(ltr)

Volume
(ltr)
13.8
8.0
23.9
45.6

(kg)
13.8
25.0
52.5

Volume
(ltr)
13.8
8.0
31.8
53.6

Cement

3140 kg/m3

Sand

1650 kg/m

These value should be

prepared in advance.

TS D-2.3

a
(cm)

Size of Box
b
c
(cm)
(cm)

30.0
30.0

30.0
30.0

30.0
30.0

v
(ltr)
27.00
27.00

Nos.
of
Box

0.29
0.88
c

W/C (%)
55

Wooden Box for measuring required

quantity of aggregate, sand and gravel.
Size of Box
b
c

Nos.
of
Box

(cm)

(cm)

(cm)

(ltr)

30.0
30.0

30.0
30.0

30.0
30.0

27.00
27.00

0.29
1.18

Required Strength of Mortar

28 =

50

Dia :
Height :

kg/cm2
(TS D-2.3)
50
100

mm
mm

M-2

M-2

Test Specimen

Notes for Masonry Works

1) Preparation of Foundation
Same as the Canal Foundation
2) Installation of Weep Hole
Palm Filter
Sand & Gravel

Excavation

Masonry

PVC Pipe
D:50mm
L:80~90cm

20cm
15cm

0.1
2%

2%

20cm

50~60cm

30cm

Gradation Range of Filter Material (Sand & Gravel)

100

Percentage (%)

80
60
40
20
0
0.1

1 Grain Size (mm)10

100

3) Remedy for over-excavation portion

a) Canal
Primary Line
20cm
Design Line
d

Over Exc.
Design Line

Recommendation
It is recommedned that excavation work
should be separated into 2 steps.
i) Primary excavation
ii) Final excavation up to design Line
Earth Lining
d < 30cm
Replace with
cohesive soil by
manual carefully.

Concrete Lining
Filter material also
be available.

d > 30cm
i) Embank with cohesive soil by compactor
or rammer as shown in the sketch.
ii) Trim surplus material.

more than 50cm

b) Structure

M-3

Design Line

i) Replace with the concrete Type D

ii) Replace with the filter material under
suitable compaction.

Over Exc.

M-3

PIRIMP
Sub-Project:

CONTRACT NO.:
CONTRACTOR:
Serial. No. :

CHECK LIST FOR STONE MASONRY WORKS

Date :
Contract No :
Name of Canal:
Portion of structure:
Ref. DWG. No.:

Weather : Fine, Cloudy, Rain

Contractor :
Name of Structure:
Block/Lift No.
Masonry Type : A , B , C
Check item

Yes

No

N/A Check time Note

1. Water
a) Free from impurities
2. Sand
a) Washed before use
b) Free from organic matters and other contamination
c) Sieved by 5 mm sieve before use
3. Stone
a) Free from crack/seam
b) Appropriate max. stone size (40 cm and 2/3 of wall thickness)
c) Clean from adhesive material/ need washing
4. Mortar
a) Proper cement/sand mix proportion for joint mortar
5. Placing of Masonry
a) Sufficient dewatering at site
b) Moistened stones before use
c) Compaction of joint mortar using trowel sufficiently
d) Hitting and consolidation of stone by steel hammer
e) Width of joints in face stone not exceeding 3 cm
6. Pointing of Surface Joint Mortar
a) Chipped joint mortar to a depth of 3 cm
b) Proper cement/sand mix proportion (1 : 2)
c) Cleaned surface of joint mortar using wire brush
d) Sufficient filling of surface joint mortar
7. Remarks :

8. Attended on behalf of the Contractor :

The above works were carried out in accordance with the checklist mentioned above.
Sign:
Name:
The Contractor
Inspected by:
Sign:

Sign

Name:
Inspector of the Consultant

Name:

Inspector of the Project

M-3.1

Technically approved by :

Accepted b :

Sign:

Sign

Name:

Name:

The Consultant

The Engineer

Designated Engineer

Designated Engineer

M-3.1

STANDARD FOR DIMENSION CONTROL

CONTROL METHOD
NO

WORKS

MEASURING
ITEMS

MEASURING CRITERIA

BY

Base EL

Lining

(V)

Block Lining

(T)

STANDARD OF

HEEDING POINT DURING

INSPECTION/MEASURING

MEASURING POINTS

Measuring

Measuring

Apply to

(1) C > 20 m, n = 1 no/20 m

points:

points:

individual

(2) C < 20 m, n = 2

more

less

construction

than 20

than 20

2. Measuring of thickness (T) (V, T, L)

(V, T, L)

1. Thickness shall be measured

horizontally and converted to
right-angled thickness.
2. Measuring of slope length shall
be made at same place/point
with measuring place of foundation
concrete.
3. Measuring of length shall be made
at every changing part.
4. Measuring of length (C) shall be
crest length and curving part shall
be measured according to
development drawing.
5. Tolerance of unevenness shall
be within 1 % against slope length.
6. Measuring point shall be marked
with white paint, etc.
7. Measuring and photographing
shall be same place/point.
8. Preparation of measured drawings
shall be utilized with cross section
drawing, etc.

Slope Length (2) L< 2m, n = 1

(L)
3. Unit construction
(C)

Control Value
(mm)

(1) L > 2m, n = 2

Length

Control Standard

LIST

1. Measuring numbers:

Thickness

Riprap

RED INK ON

CONTROL DIMENSION DRAWING

CHART

3) Masonry

BY

Measure dimension as
shown in structural
drawing(s)

Unevenness

Standard Value
(mm)

V + 40

+ 65

- 20

- 40

T1 30

- 50

T2 65

- 100

L L<2m

- 40

25
L>2m

- 75

50
C

- 0.1%
less than 10 m
- 50
10m < C < 50 m
- 100
50m < C < 200 m
- 200

Base Line
4) Foundation

(V)

Concrete
Thickness
Cobble/Gravel

Only

Apply to

important

unit

(1) C > 50 m , n = 1 no/50 m

structure

construction

(2) C < 50 m, n = 2

and length

(important

linner structure

(T)

Foundation

1. Important structure :
- Bridge, culvert, sluice, flume, etc.
2. Measuring of cobble/gravel
foundation shall be measure after
compaction.
3. Measuring point shall be same as
main structure
4. Measuring and photographing shall
be same place/point

only)
2. Unit construction

Width
Sand

1. Measuring numbers for

(B)

Foundation

Measure dimension as

shown in structural

drawing(s)
Length
(C)

V 40

65

T 30

- 50

B 130

- 200

- 0.2 % or

C < 50 m

- 100

M-4

PIRIMP

CONTRACT NO.:

Sub Project:

CONTRACTOR :
Control Chart : Compressive Strengyh of Mortar
(To be prepared by each canal, structure, or borrow area)

Name of Canal

Mix Type

Design
Strength

Age of
Mortar

50 (kg/cm2)

28 days

Side of Canal
No.

DATE

X1

X2

Xave
X3

60

74

94

76.0

58

70

64

64.0

72

81

102

85.0

78

62

88

76.0

69

52

61

60.7

91

80

59

76.7

63

92

70

75.0

102

93

84

93.0

90

74

83

82.3

10

65

62

90

72.3

11

76

73

67

72.0

12

77

92

79

82.7

13

82

61

82

75.0

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

150.0

(kg/cm2)

To

Jdg.

100.0

From

Compressive Strength
50.0

D/M/Y

Station

6
8
10

Sample NO.

12
14
16
18
20

PREPARED AND TESTED BY

CONTRACTOR

APPROVED BY CONSULTANT

ACCEPTED BY
PROJECT

M-5

Date

Sign
Name

Date

sign
Name

Date

Sign
Name

M-5

DO NOTS for Masonry Works

Do not use stones with specific gravity of less than 2.5.
Do not use stones with Dmax of more than 40cm or specified
thickness.
Do not allow hand mixing. (Portable mixer)
Do not place stones in position without cleaning & wetting.
Small stones shall not be placed in lower cores.
Wet curing (burlap) should be kept at least 7 days.

M-6