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CASE MANAGEMENT

By
Dr. Juliet K. Bucoy, RSW. MSSW

I. Definition
First we have to know the definition of
what is a case? A case is a situation or
problem/s that has affected the condition
of the clients.
The person who seeks help or need help
is called a client or helpee.

What is Management?
It is a method or strategy of service
providers and the members of a
management team whose goal is to help
the client;
find agency or community resources;
and harnessing clients potentials to be
able to arrive at a systematic objective and
solution to the problems being presented
by the client.

Case management
is helping or assisting one another.
The concept of case management is a
team effort towards solution of a particular
problem or as the case maybe.

The approach of case management is


psychosocial.
It deals with the mind, attitude, feelings,
actions, needs, and capacity of the client
to see and act on his/her problems using
the support of the community, agency and
other important persons in his/her life.
It is important that whatever solution is
addressed to the problem the worker is
sure that the solutions are part of the
clients total environment.

II. CASE MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES

1. TRUST. We cannot help a client if


he/she does not trust us. Trust must be
established first before moving on with
the case management.

2. ACCEPTANCE. Accept the client


what he /she is including strengths and
weaknesses.

3. CONFIDENTIALITY. Respect the


clients privacy. Assure client that
everything that he/she shares will be
kept in the strictest confidence.

4. CLIENT SELF-DETERMINATION.
The client makes his or her own decision
about his or her own life. The workers
role is to give options or alternatives or
help the client explore initiatives.

5. INDIVIDUALIZATION. No two
persons are exactly alike, so the client
should be seen as a unique individual
different from the other persons.

6. NON-JUDGMENTAL. A workers
attitude should be non-judgmental,
i.e., avoid accusing or blaming the client
about his/her situation.
Giving and generalizing comments about
the clients situation is likewise wrong.

7. PURPOSEFUL EXPRESSION OF
FEELINGS. It is best for the worker to
pose questions that may lead the client
to talk about his/her feelings and
concerns.
The worker should pave the way so that
the client will release feelings and
emotions freely.

8. CONTROLLED EMOTIONAL
INVOLVEMENT. As much as possible
the worker will not allow his/her feelings
to be carried away by the situation of the
client.

III. CASE MANAGEMENT PROCESS


1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROBLEM/S
This is the first step of gathering the initial information as
described below to be used for the succeeding stages;
Information or data obtained from the first contact with the
client (intake);
Needs, problems or help needed by the client vs. agency
and community services;
Circumstances of problems in the clients welfare (effects
on the psychosocial and physical aspects of the clients
life) or the difficulty the client is faced with at present;

Causes of the problem;


Clients efforts to cope with problems
(past, present, planned);
The immediate problem as perceived
by the client; as perceived by the
worker.

2.

GATHERING DATA
This is the stage where the client could see
his/her potentials and capacities as well as
weaknesses in addressing the problems being
mentioned;
Having initially identified the presenting
problem, the worker probes deeper, in order to
know the specific problem, gather data needed
to help the client, and know the underlying
problem;
The relevant information is used for
diagnostic assessment;

While the client is the main source of the


problem, other information from those who
know him/her (collateral information) is also
sought;
The worker tries to understand the history of
the client (current behavior in the interview,
genetic development, behavior in relation to
his/her life situation);
The worker likewise tries to understand the
clients potential, limitations, sources of
strength and stress, resources for change and
barrier to desired change.

3. DIAGNOSTIC
ASSESSMENT/IMPRESSION
This is a professional statement of the
problem based on the data gathered
(presenting/immediate vs. underlying
problem to be worked out);
The assessment includes the clients
motivation and capacity to relate and utilize
help (assessment of strengths and
weakness).

The worker appraises the extent and reasons


why the clients motivation, capacity and
opportunities are inadequate to support
his/her (clients) functioning;
The client is assisted in identifying and
prioritizing his/her problems that need to be
solved right away.

4. Planning the Intervention (Treatment


Plan/ Recommendation)
This is a systematic approach to planning the
right goals and targets to solve the clients
problems.;
This stage involves the formulation of a goal that
refers to some type in improvement of social
functioning or change in the clients life
situations or problems at hand;
The choice of a goal is influenced by what the
client wants, what the worker thinks is desirable
and possible/realistic/attainable within a given
period of time in coordination with other
persons/professionals.

5. IMPLEMENTATION AND
EVALUATION OF PLANS

Implementation of plan as agreed upon;


Case recording or writing of progress notes;
Evaluation of results to guide worker in
determining the progress and extent of the
clients development.

6. TERMINATION OR FURTHER PLANS


This stage marks the culmination of the case
management process;
Client and worker determine whether that
the goal and plans had been reached or not.
If these had not been accomplished, or if
the strategies have to be stopped, further
review is needed that may include selection
of other strategies;
Certain indicators must be clarified and used
to assess whether the case is to be
terminated or not and to make referral if
necessary.

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