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IB Biology Notes - 1.1 Working with data

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International Baccalaureate Program Grades 9-12, Boarding/Day, Quaker

IB Biology Notes
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1 Statistical Analysis
Working with data

2 Cells
Cell theory
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells

Social Sciences

Natural Sciences

Mathematics

The Arts

Working with data

Theory Of Knowledge
Extended Essay

Creativity Activity Service

1.1.1 State that error bars are a graphical representation of the variability of data.
Error bars are graphical representations of the variability of data.

Membranes
Cell division

1.1.2 Calculate the mean and standard deviation of a set of values.

3 Chemical elements and water

See video (coming soon)

Chemical elements & water

Carbohydrates, lipids & proteins
Dna structure
Dna replication
Transcription & translation
Enzymes
Cell respiration

More

1.1.3 State that the term standard deviation is used to summarize the spread of values around
the mean, and that 68% of the values fall within one standard deviation of the mean.
The term standard deviation is used to summarize the spread of values around the mean, and that 68% of the values
fall within one standard deviation of the mean. This rises to about 95% for +/- 2 standard deviations.

Photosynthesis

4 Genetics
Chromosomes, genes, alleles & mutations
Meiosis
Theoretical genetics
Genetic engineering & biotechnology

5 Ecology and evolution

Communities & ecosystems
The greenhouse effect

1.1.4 Explain how the standard deviation is useful for comparing the means and the spread of
data between two or more samples.
The standard deviation is used to show how the values are spread above and below the mean. A low standard
deviation means that the values are closely grouped around the mean whereas a high standard deviation means
that the values are widely spread. About 68% of the values fall within one standard deviation of the mean. This rises
to about 95% for +/- 2 standard deviations.
We can use the standard deviation to decide weather the differences between two means is significant. If the

Populations
Evolution

difference between the two means is larger than that of the standard deviations then the difference between the
two means is significant. If the difference between the two means is smaller than that of the standard deviation then

Classification

the differences between the two means are insignificant.

6 Human health and physiology

Digestion
The transport system
Defence against infectious disease
Gas exchange

1.1.5 Deduce the significance of the difference between two sets of data using calculated
values for t and the appropriate tables.
See video (coming soon)

Nerves, hormones & homeostasis

Reproduction

7 Nucleic acids and proteins

Dna structure
Dna replication
Transcription
Translation
Proteins
Enzymes

8 Cell respiration and

photosynthesis

1.1.6 Explain that the existence of a correlation does not establish that there is a causal
relationship between two variables.
Correlation often shows a casual relationship between two variables such as height and weight. Taller people tend to
be heavier and so we can see a correlation in these two sets of data. However, some variables may show correlation
when in fact there is no casual relationship between them. The results may be correlated by chance. This means that
even the correlation is a useful tool for studying data, it is not always reliable.

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Cell respiration
Photosynthesis

9 Plant science
Plant structure & growth
Transport in angiospermophytes
Reproduction in angiospermophytes

10 Genetics
Meiosis
Dihybrid crosses & gene linkage
Polygenic inheritance
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