6/10/2016

PipingStressCriticalLines:BasisForPipingCriticalLineList

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Belowproceduredefinesthebasistoestablishpipingcriticallinelistfromlinelist,P&I
DiagramsandPipingSpecification.
WhatisPipingCriticalLine:
Apipingcriticallineisalineforwhichaflexibilityreviewisrequiredtobecarriedoutbya
PipingStressEngineerduetotemperature,weight,supportingarrangement,externalloading,
linesconnectiontostrainsensitiveequipment,vibrations,etc.
Line50mm(2)NBandsmallerarenotconsideredcritical.Therefore,inthefollowing
definitionsthewordlinesmeanslines65mm(21/2)NBandabove,unlessotherwisestated.
CATEGORY1:StressCriticalLines
CATEGORY2:EquipmentCriticalLines
CATEGORY3:SupportCriticalLines
CATEGORY4:ReliefCriticalLines
CATEGORY5:CategoryMFluidServiceLines

CATEGORY1:StressCriticalLines

Piping engineering

TheselinesareidentifiedbasedonthetemperaturetowhichlineissubjectedNormalbasisfor
temperatureismaximumoperating/designtemperature.Inabsenceofmaximumoperating
temperature,designtemperatureshallbeconsidered.Operatingtemperatureshallbe
consideredonlyifclientaskfor.
Followingarethecriteriatoestablishcriticallinesunderthiscategory:
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a)Lines80mm(3)NBto125mm(5)NBattemperature260 Candaboveorat()200 C
andbelow.
b)Lines150mm(6)NBto600mm(24)NBattemperature1200Candaboveorat()
1000Candbelow.
c)Lines650mm(26)NBandaboveattemperature600Candaboveorat()400Cand
below.

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d)Nonferrouslinesoperatingabove1000C.
e)JacketedLinesAllsizes.
f)Linesforwhichaprobablerequirementforanexpansionjoint(e.g.bellows)hasbeenpre
determinedbyprocessgroup,andshownontheP&ID,asaresultoftheirexperienceona

PipingStressCriticalLinelist:Format
andUse,FormatandUseofPiping
CriticalLineListThePiping

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similarplantforaccommodatingthermalexpansion.Bellowsshallnotbeusedunless
approvedbystressdepartment.
g)Anylineforwhichformalcalculationsarespecified,eitherbyclientorlocalauthorities.For
exampleIBR370callsforflexibilityanalysisofIBRcontrolledpiping.Howeversame
temperaturecriteriashallbefollowedashighlightedina,b,c.IBRlinesanalysisshallbe
doneusingANSIB31.1code.

Basic
BasicLoadCasesusedforPiping
Load
StressAnalysisFollowingstepsshallbe
carriedforPipingStressAnalysisof
Stress
StressAnalysis:StepsforStress
Analysis:
Analysis1.0IntroductiontoStressAnalysis
StressAnalysisisasubject,which

h)Linesthatalthoughnotinthemselvescritical,tieintocriticallinesandhaveasignificant
effectontheirflexibility.AsageneralrulesuchlinesareaddedtotheCriticalLineListatthe
initialreviewstageiftheirnominalsizeexceedsonethirdofthatofthecriticalline(andthey
exceed50mmNB).Theremaindershallbeestablished,andaddedtothecriticallinelist,
duringthedesignstageofthecontract.Theselinesceasetobeconsideredcriticalbeyond
thenearestanchortothetieinpoint.

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i)Lineshavingverylongstraightrunandaresubjectedtoharshsolartemperature(above
500C).
j)AnyotherlinesthatthePipingEngineerand/orLeadStressEngineerconsiderCritical.
FormalcomputerAnalysisshallbecarriedoutfora,b,c,d,e,f,g,h.

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CATEGORY2:EquipmentCriticalLines
Linesconnectedtostrainsensitiveequipmentfallunderthiscategory:
a)Pipingconnectedwithcentrifugalpumpshavingsize65mm(21/2)NBandabovewith
maximumoperatingtemperatureof1200Candaboveorminimumoperatingtemperatureof
()1000Candbelowand150mm(6)NBandabovesizewithmaximumoperating
temperatureof600Candaboveorminimumoperatingtemperature()400Candbelow.
b)Rotatingmachinery,otherthancentrifugalpumps,e.g.steamturbines,centrifugal
compressorsandfans.
c)Firedheatersandreformingfurnaces.
d)Reciprocatingcompressor.

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f)Vesselsfabricatedfromfragileconstructionsuchasgraphite,glassetc.

h)Specialitemsofequipmentforthemanufacturerspecifieslownozzleloadings.These
shallbeaddedatalatedate.
i)Linesconnectedtoanyvesselortankswhichmayundergosettlementincourseofits
workinglifearealsoclassifiedcriticalinthiscategory.

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NozzleOrientationDrawing

e)Aircooledexchanger.
g)Vesselswithliningsofabrittlenature,e.g.glass,brickorrefractorymaterialsornon
metallicmaterialshallhavepipingconnectionbasedonvendorsrecommendation.

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Linesthatareclassifiedascriticalsolelybecausetheyareconnectedtostrainsensitive
equipmentceasetobeconsideredcriticalbeyondtheanchornearesttotheequipment
concerned.

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Nozzleloadingforsuchequipmentshallbegenerallyasperfollowingcodes.However,Lead
Engineerinthebeginningoftheprojectshouldascertainthattheequipmentisgoingtobe
boughtasperwhatcode?
SteamTurbineNEMASM23
CentrifugalPumpsAPI610
CentrifugalCompressorAPI617
AirFanCoolersAPI661
FiredheatersAPI560
Formalcomputeranalysisshallbecarriedoutforlinesundera,b,c,d,e,honly.

CATEGORY3:SupportCriticalLines
Lineswhichrequiresspecialcareandconsiderationduringsupportingfallsunderthiscategory.
Followingarethecriteriatoestablishsupportcriticallines:
a)Linestowhichfieldweldingisprohibitedsuchasstainlesssteel,alloysteelorthick
carbonsteelwhichrequirestressrelievingafterwelding.
b)Linessubjecttotwophaseflow.
c)Linesconnectedtoreciprocatingcompressor
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d)Nonferrouslines
e)NonMetalliclinesshallbesupportedaspervendorsrecommendation.
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f)Lineswithwallthicknessschedule160orgreater.
g)Lines500mm(20)NBandlargerthicknesslessthanStandardWeightwallthickness.
h)Lineshavingcoatingofliningofabrittlenaturee.g.glass,concrete.
Computeranalysisneednotbecarriedoutforlinesunderthiscategory.

CATEGORY4:ReliefCriticalLines
Linesupstreamanddownstreamofpressurerelievingdevicessuchasreliefvalve,blowdown
valveetc.fallunderthiscategory.
Followingarethecriteriatoestablishreliefcriticallines:
a)Reliefvalve/controlvalvehaving:
i)Inletlines65mm(21.2)NBandabovehavingsetpressure5.0kg/cm2gandabove.
b)Linesdownstreamofburstingdiscshavingpressureandsizecriteriaasperabovenorms
ofreliefvalves.

CATEGORY5:CategoryMFluidServiceLines
Thesearelines40mm(11/2)NBandlarger,atanytemperature,withpipingspec.Codes
identifiedintheContractPipingSpecificationasANSIB31.3CategoryMFluidService.
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