Type of Control valves

Purpose of control valve

For throttling purposes and general flow
control

Control valve is classify into 2 categories:

Reciprocating stem
Rotating stem

 Reciprocating stem
globe valve
the most common valves in existence.
The globe valve derives its name from
the globular shape of the valve body.
The essential principle of globe valve
operation is the perpendicular
movement of the disk away from the
seat.
Valve is divided into 2 areas:
Actuator converts the energy
input into mechanical motion
Body

 Example of globe valve

Single seated sliding stem globe valve
Double seated sliding stem globe valve

 Reciprocating stem
Three way valves
Split one stream into two other stream
Blend two steam into one stream
Y-style valves
Commonly used in molten metal or cryogenic service
Pinch or diaphragm valves
Consist of some kind of flexure that can be moved
together to open or close the area of flow.
Commonly used for highly corrosive fluids, slurries,
high-viscosity liquids, some food processing
Gate valves
Mainly used as block valve
Fully open or fully closed services.

 Rotating stem
Butterfly valve
consist of a disk rotating about a
shaft
A flat circular plate is positioned in
the center of the pipe
Require minimum space for
installation and provide highcapacity flow at low cost

- Ball valve
Valve that opens by turning a handle attached to a ball inside
the valve.
The ball has a hole, or port, through the middle so that when
the port is in line with both ends of the valve, flow will occur
provide high-capacity flow at low cost

Control valve actuator

converts the energy input, either pneumatic or electrical
into mechanical motion to open or close the valve.
Pneumatically operated diaphragm
actuators
Working principle pneumatic
signal pressure is sent to the air
chamber of diaphragm actuator.
The pressure act on the diaphragm
to produce a pressing force which
compress a spring to cause the
movement of the rod and valve
stem.

Electrohydraulic and electromechanical actuator

most common one solenoid
actuator
By making or breaking an electrical
current signal
When current flows through the coil, a
magnetic field forms around the coil.
The magnetic field attracts the
armature toward the center of the
coil. As the armature moves upward,
the spring collapses and the valve
opens.
When the circuit is opened and current
stops flowing to the coil, the magnetic
field collapses. This allows the spring
to expand and shut the valve.

 Piston Actuators
Used when maximum thrust output is required
along with fast response
When the pressure of the supply air is high
enough, the actuator forces are higher than with
diaphragm actuators
Working against high process pressure
The compressed air is applied to a solid piston
contained within a solid cylinder.

Question
Determine type of valve. FC or FO? Why?

Other Final Control Element

Metering pump
A metering pump is a ump used to pump liquids
at adjustable flow rates which are precise when
averaged over time.
Delivery of fluids in precise adjustable flow rates
is sometimes called metering.
Although metering pumps can pump water, they
are often used to pump chemicals, solutions, or
other liquids.
Many metering pumps are rated to be able to
pump into a high discharge pressure.

Piston pump