ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS IN UNIT 1

1. What do you understand by a power system network?

2. What are the major components in power system network?
3. Develop the equivalent circuit of synchronous generator.
4. How transmission line can be modeled in power system analysis problems?
5. Furnish the mathematical model of a transformer.
6.

How the electric loads can be represented in power flow analysis, short circuit and

transient stability problems.

7. An electric motor rated for 66.5 MVA and 10.45 kV has reactance of 18.5 %.. What
is its per unit reactance on a base of 100 MVA and 11 kV? [0.25 p.u.]
8. Three identical 9-MVA, 8 kV / 4 kV, single phase transformers are connected in star
on HV side and delta in LV side. Reactance of each transformer referred to HV side is
2.4 . Find its equivalent three phase transformer ratings and its per unit reactance.
3
[27 MVA,
9.

x 8 / 4 kV with XHV = 2.4 ;

XT = 0/3375 p.u.]

A load of (77+ j 14.4) MVA is there at a bus which maintains a voltage of 220 kV.

Compute its load impedance in per unit taking a base values of 100 MVA and 230 kV.
[(1.148 + j 0.2147) per unit]
10. Three identical 9-MVA, 7.2 kV / 4.16 kV, single-phase transformers are connected
in star on HV side and delta on LV side. The equivalent series impedance of each
transformer referred to HV side is (0.12 + j 0.82) per phase. The transformer supplies
a balanced three-phase load of 18 MVA, 0.8 power factor at 4.16 kV. Determine the linto-line voltage at the HV terminals of the transformer taking load voltage as reference.
[13.3462

3.620 kV]

11. The three-phase power and voltage ratings of the electric power system is shown
below.

60 MVA

20 kV

X=9%

T1

50 MVA

20 / 200 kV

X = 10 %

T2

50 MVA

200 / 20 kV

X = 10 %

43.2 MVA

18 kV

X=8%

200 kV

Z = (120 + j 200)

Line
(a)

Draw the per unit impedance diagram choosing 100 MVA and 200 kV as base

values at the transmission line.

(b) The motor is drawing 45 MVA, 0.8 power factor lagging at a terminal voltage of

18

kV. Determine the terminal voltage and the internal emf of the generator in per unit and
kV. taking motor terminal voltage as reference.
j 0.2

0.3 + j 0.5

j 0.2

j 0.15
EG

j 0.15

Vt

0.9

[Vt = 1.318 x 20
EG = 1.375 x 20

00

+
~

11.820 kV = 26.36

13.8850 kV = 27.35

11.820 kV

13.8850 kV]

EM

12. What are the advantages of per unit system?

13. What is bus incidence matrix?
14. What do you understand by primitive impedance matrix?
15. What is primitive admittance matrix?
16. State the relationship between element voltage vector and bus voltage vector.
17. State the relationship between element current vector and bus current vector.
18. Consider the power system network shown.

Element No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

From bus
4
4
2
2
5
2
5

To bus
1
3
4
3
3
5
1

p.u. impedance
j 0.1
j 0.2
j 0.25
j 0.5
j 0.1
j 0.25
j 0.125

i) Take bus 1 as the reference bus and draw the oriented graph.
ii) Obtain the bus incidence matrix.

 0.225

0.02

0.1

iii) Given Vbus =

0.05

find the element voltages using that element voltage is the difference of two bus
voltages.
iv) Check that v = AT Vbus
v) Given element currents i 1, i2, ., i7 as j 1.0, - j 0.4, - j 0.5, - j 0.41, - j 0.3, - j 0.7 and
j 0.4 find the bus current vector I2, I3, I4 and I5 using KCL.
vi) Check that Ibus = A i
3

i)

2
4

7
1
1

ii)

0 1

1 1

Matrix A =

iii)
v1 = V4 = 0.1
v2 = V4 V3 = 0.08
v3 = V2 V4 = 0.125
v4 = V2 V3 = 0.205
v5 = V5 V3 = 0.03
v6 = V2 V5 = 0.175
v7 = V5 = 0.05

v)
I2 = - j 1.61
I3 = j 1.11
I4 = - j 0.9
I5 = 0

1 1