What is?

Data bas testing basically include the following.

1) Data validity Testing
2) Data Integrity Testing
3) Performance related to database
4) Testing of Procedure, triggers and functions.

How to Achieve?

For doing data validity testing you should be good in SQL queries,
For data integrity testing you should know about referintial integrity and different constraint,
For performance related things you should have idea about the table structure and design,
For testing Procedure triggers and functions you should be able to understand the same.

Scope:

Database testing can be various things;

Functional Testing - the operational aspects of the application (read, write, query)

Performance Testing - the efficiency with which the application can accomplish the operations

Load Testing - factors which affect the performance, such as volume of operations, numbers of
users, etc...

Functional Testing is likely the most widely performed, and will reveal discrepancies involving
query results, database state, stored procedures calls and results, updates, deletions, adherence
to rules, etc...

It should be performed with the system in a known state, independent of any external
dependencies, using realistic trusted data, in a precise manner which can achieve but a single
correct result in order to be most effective.

What a Tester should know:

Relational Database Design fundamentals

SQL fundamentals
RDBMS administration knowledge

Tools Available:

CompuWare DevPartnerDB
Scandiasoft DBValidator
dbUnit SourceForge
some dbschema comparator tools