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  • ANU-ASTRO1x Greatest Unsolved Mysteries of The Universe

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    silencebaby
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    Vesto Melvin Slipher was the founder of observational cosmology. In the early 20th century, he observed nebulae and was the first to measure their spectra, finding that they were shifting to longer wavelengths indicating they were moving away from Earth. To understand his observations, it is important to understand how astronomers measure distances and the concept of spectra. He helped establish that nebulae were in fact other galaxies outside our own by showing they had different velocities than expected if they were just gas clouds in the Milky Way.

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    ANU-ASTRO1x Greatest Unsolved Mysteries of the Universe

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    Vesto Melvin Slipher was the founder of observational cosmology. In the early 20th century, he observed nebulae and was the first to measure their spectra, finding that they were shifting to longer wavelengths indicating they were moving away from Earth. To understand his observations, it is important to understand how astronomers measure distances and the concept of spectra. He helped establish that nebulae were in fact other galaxies outside our own by showing they had different velocities than expected if they were just gas clouds in the Milky Way.

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca DOCX, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    131 vizualizări2 pagini

    ANU-ASTRO1x Greatest Unsolved Mysteries of The Universe

    Încărcat de

    silencebaby
    Vesto Melvin Slipher was the founder of observational cosmology. In the early 20th century, he observed nebulae and was the first to measure their spectra, finding that they were shifting to longer wavelengths indicating they were moving away from Earth. To understand his observations, it is important to understand how astronomers measure distances and the concept of spectra. He helped establish that nebulae were in fact other galaxies outside our own by showing they had different velocities than expected if they were just gas clouds in the Milky Way.

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca DOCX, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    din 2

    Vesto Melvin Slipher

    Founder of Observational Cosmology


    Instead of looking at the canals of Mars, he observed these nabulae for the first
    time.

    To understand his observations we're going to need to know to things:


    -

    How we measure distances in Astronomy and the other is the concept of Spectra.

    A is fuzzy and B is point-like, so A must be a nebula and B a star, according to the 19th
    century classification. Today, we realise that many different objects can look fuzzy,
    ranging from galaxies to supernova remnants, so the term "nebula" is not much used. We
    use more precise terminology instead.

    Imagine that you are surveying the sky, and take images of two galaxies. Galaxy A looks
    twice as wide as Galaxy B - i.e. A subtends twice the angle as viewed from the Earth,
    with an apparent radius of twice as many pixels.
    Which one of these statements cannot be true?
    Top of Form
    If the two galaxies are really the same size, B must be twice as far away as A.

    If

    the two galaxies are at the same distance from the Earth, B must be half the size of A.
    If galaxy B is really twice as large as A, B must be four times further away.
    If
    galaxy A is really four times as big as galaxy B, A must be twice as far away.

    If

    galaxy B is really half the size of galaxy A, B must be twice as far away. If galaxy B is
    really half the size of galaxy A, B must be twice as far away. - correct
    Bottom of Form
    Explanation
    If galaxy B were really half the size of galaxy A, then they must be at the same distance.
    If it were twice as far away it would appear four times smaller (two times smaller because
    of distance and another factor of two from its size).
    LQ1.3 Distances from Fluxes

    (1/1 point)
    Imagine that you have just discovered two stars, which you believe to have the same
    luminosities. Star A has a measured flux four times greater than Star B.
    Which one of the following statements is correct?
    Top of Form
    Star A is twice as far away as Star B.
    is twice as far away as Star A - correct
    Star B is four times as far away as Star A

    Star B is twice as far away as Star A Star B


    Star A is four times as far away as Star B
    None of the other answers is correct

    Bottom of Form
    EXPLANATION
    As B appears fainter (has a smaller flux), it must be further away, if our assumption that
    they have the same luminosity is correct. As flux is proportional to 1/distance squared, if
    it were twice as far away, the flux would be four times fainter.

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