DES 122 Terms by chapter

Chapter 15
Renaissance

age of rebirth of antiquity, humanism, exploration of the world

and of man
Quattrocento
1400s, Early Renaissance
Medici
Ruling family of Florence
Humanism
Culture centered on needs and potential of men and women
Brunelleschi
Architect, invented linear perspective (with Masaccio)
Lantern
A house-shaped hood above a dome to admit light
Drum
Base for a dome or a vault, usually circular
Module
Basic unit in a system of mathematical or spatial relationships
Latin cross
Cross shape with one arm longer than the other three
Linear perspective
Objects perceived to diminish in size in relationship to the distance
from the observer
Vanishing point
Parallel lines appear to converge in a point on the horizon
Holy Trinity
Christian concept of God as a union of Father, Son and Holy Spirit
Fresco
Painting on (usually damp) plastered ceiling or wall
Chiaroscuro
Strong light/dark effects to create volume or drama
Donor
A patron who commissions an art work and appears in it
Aerial perspective
Foreground in focus, distance blurred
Atmospheric perspective
Foreground warm colors, background cool (blue).
Vasari
16th C. artist and biographer of artists, wrote Vitae
Memento Mori
Reminder of death
Halo
Ring of light surrounding head of holy person
Equestrian portrait
Image of a person on horseback
State portrait
Image of a person to serve official function
Oil painting
Viscous paste mixed from ground pigments and oil
Illusionistic
So real looking that it could fool the eye (trompe loeil)
Tondo
Circular painting
Putti
Chubby male infants popular in Renaissance art
Parapet
Low wall or balustrade on the edge of a roof or balcony
Pagan
Not belonging to the main religions
Neoplatonism
Renaissance thought combining Plato and Christianity
Hidden symbolism Netherlandish tendency to hide symbolic meaning in everyday
objects
Hieratic scale
Size indicates importance
St. Luke
Patron saint of artists (painters)
Chapter 16
Renaissance Man
Greek cross
Latin cross
Monumentality
Idealism
Empiricism

Universally engaged person

Cross with arms of equal length
Cross with one arm extended
Appearance of greatness
Platos opinion that reality is a mental concept
Aristotles opinion that reality must be experienced

Peristyle
Sculptured wall
Colossal order
Pilaster
Attic
Cupola
Apse
Sfumato
Synthesis
Ignudi
Sistine
Apocalypse
Heroic
Sacra Conversazione
Attribution
Iconography
Glaze

Colonnade fronting or surrounding a structure

An exterior that is heavily carved out or protruding
Columns that extend over many floors
Flat, attached support
A floor just below the roof
A small dome
Semicircular extension in a wall
Smoky appearance, misty
Leonardos ability to combine elements
Nude figures (Italian)
Vatical chapel of the popes, named after Pope Sixtus
End of the world
Exaggerated muscular style (see Michelangelo)
Holy Conversation, painting theme
The act of establishing a person as the creator of an artwork
Meaning of the subject matter of an artwork
Thin translucent layer of varnish mixed with pigment

Chapter 17
Mannerism
Juxtaposition
Equilibrium
Reformation
Protestantism
Figura serpentinata
Allegory
Counter-Reformation
Council of Trent
Mysticism
Quattro Libri
Broken pediment

16th C. style which stresses unusual juxtapositions

Contrasting arrangement
Balance
16th C. movement to renew the Church, Protestantism
16th C. split from the Catholic church
S-shaped position of a figure
Symbolic representation
Campaign by the Catholic church to stop reformation
16th C. conference that shaped counter reformation
Personal, intuitive attainment of spiritual knowledge
Palladios four books on architecture
Faade with super-imposed or fragmented pediment

Chapter 18
Genre
Martin Luther
Guttenberg
Triptych
Polyptych
Woodcut
Engraving

1. everyday life as subject of art

2. subject category in art, such as landscape, portrait, etc.
German church reformer
Inventor of moveable type printing
Painting with three panels
Painting with multiple panels
Printmaking technique where the raised part prints
Printmaking technique where the carved (incised) line prints

Chapter 19
Baroque
Entablature
Pediment

17th C. style, dramatic, engaging, integrating

Horizontal structure above columns
Triangular part on the short side of a roof, decorated

Podium
Chateau
Academy
Piazza
Oculus
St. Luke
Stucco
Etching
Vanitas
Aristocracy
Etiquette
Poussiniste
Rubeniste

Base
French term for castle, large country house
17th C. French establishment to support and control art
Italian for square, as in academic plaza
Opening in the top of a dome
Patron saint of painters
Shaped gypsum or plaster
Method of printmaking in which a line is deepened with acid
A genre of a painting in which symbols of time and death are
stressed
Land-owning upper class
Proper manners
like Poussin, stress on drawing, sharp contour, linear precision
like Rubens, stress on color and painterly qualities

Chapter 20
Rococo
Bourgeoisie
Chinoiserie
Empiricism
Fetes galantes
French Revolution
Satire
Illusionism
Historicism
Impasto

Aristocratic, fanciful 18th C. style

Middle class in 18th C.
Fad for anything Chinese in decoration, art and architecture
Knowledge based on experience and experiment
Painting genre of a festive gathering
1789 end of absolute monarchy, new freedoms
Criticism clothed in humor
Eye-fooling real presentation
Revival of historic styles
Thickly layered paint

Chapter 21
Enlightenment
Neoclassicism
Academic
Federal

18th C. age of rationalism and scientific pursuit

18th C. style reaction to Rococo, solid values solid form
Official style of the French Academy of Painting
Official style of the American government

Chapter 22
J.J. Rousseau
Gouache
Watercolor
The Salon
Sublime
Aquatint

18th C. French philosopher, advocates return to nature

Non-transparent (opaque) water-based pigment
Transparent pigment on paper
Official juried exhibition sponsored by French Academy of Ptg.
Romanticist concept of the awesome power of the irrational
Etching technique with powdered resin allows tonal effects

Chapter 23
Marxism
Proletariat
Bourgeoisie

Theory proclaimed by Karl Marx in 1848 that control of means of

production by the proletariat will lead to a class-less society
19th C. terms describing the landless working class
19th C. term describing the privileged classes in society

Avant-garde
Palette
Caricature
Lithography
Photography
Shutter speed
Aperture
Chapter 24
Bohemian
Cropped
Brushwork
Ukiyo-e
Casting
Lart pour lart
Salon des Refuss
Connoisseur
Patina
Malleable
Torso

(fore-front), innovators in art, modernists

Plate on which artists mix paint, also: color scheme
Drawing that exaggerates features to make a point
Printing technique which depends on incompatibility of oil and
water
Image fixing technique that uses light, a lens and a light-sensitive
surface
Controls how long light is admitted through a lens
Controls the size of the opening through which light is admitted
Unconventional lifestyle of artists
Cut off view in photographs
Individualistic way of applying paint
Japanese woodblock tradition
Pouring a metal sculpture from a clay or plaster model
Art for arts sake
First authorized exhibition of artwork that had not been accepted
into the official Salon in Paris (1863)
Expert, someone who appreciates art
Corroded layer on bronze or copper
Can be easily shaped, like clay
Incomplete sculpture of human body

Chapter 25
Quote:
The natural world can be reduced to a cone, a sphere, and a cylinder (Paul Cezanne)
Post-Impressionism Style after impressionism (around 1885)
Poster
Publicity print for an event, usually color lithograph
Narrative
The story content of an image (as opposed to formal elements)
Seurats technique
Pointillist, divisionist, neo-impressionist
Complementary contrast
Theory that a shadow of a colored object contains its
complementary color
Oceanic
Trend to group island cultures of the South Pacific Tahiti,
Polynesia, etc. into one
Nave painting
Art by some self-taught, anti-academic painters
Chapter 26
Blue Period
African influence
Fauvism
Chromatic
Die Bruecke
Der Blaue Reiter
Non-figurative
Kandinsky

Picassos paintings between 1901 and 1904

Sculpture derived from form, not imitation
1905 movement, un-naturally strong colors, loose brush stroke
Referring to color
The Bridge, German expressionist group
The Blue Rider, German expressionist and abstractionist group
Without narrative or recognizable reality, abstract
Author of The Spiritual in Art

Kollwitz
Bio-morphic
Chapter 27
Simultaneous view
Analytical Cubism
Synthetic Cubism
Collage
Assemblage
Armory Show
Prairie Style
Bauhaus
Chapter 28
DADA
Nihilism
Iconoclastic
Surrealism
Ready-made
Mobile

Artist of socially relevant expressionism

Shapes stylized from nature
Cubist convention of multiple vantage points
1909-12 hermetic, monochrome phase
1912-22 colorful, collage, sign language
Material pasted on a surface
Arrangement of 3-dimensional objects
1913 exhibition in New York, introduced modern art in the U.S.
F.L Wrights residential design that relates houses to the
environment
German school of architecture & design which introduced
modernism
WWI art and literary movement, anti-art, anti-establishment,
random associations, automatic writing
Philosophy of negation
Violently opposed to images
Higher reality reached through the subconscious, dreams
Duchamps term for a pre-existing object used in art
Kinetic (moving) sculpture hanging from the ceiling

Chapter 29
Abstract Expressionism
American avant-garde style of 1940-60, New York
New York School
Innovative American art based in New York
Action Painting
Drip or gesture painting which records artists movement
Color Field
Applications of large areas of color
Acrylic
Fast drying, water-based, synthetic paint
Airbrush
Regulated sprayed pigment, applied with fine nozzle
Chapter 30
Pop art
Mundane
Happening
Op art
Minimalism
Chapter 31
(no terms)

Popular, commercial, mass culture

Worldly, ordinary
Spontaneous, interactive activity
Optical art, impacting retinal reception, kinetic illusion
Reduction to minimal form, no pretense of meaning beyond the
object