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JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University


Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership
EDUC 5324 Integrating Technology into Education
Name: Toraman Yayla

Date: 06/01/2016

Cite the reviewed article in APA format: Waxman, H., Boriack, A., Yuan-Hsuan, L., &

MacNeil, A. (2013). Principals' Perceptions of the Importance of Technology in


Schools. Contemporary Educational Technology, 4(3), 187-196.

INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is the
theoretical background or overarching theme):

1-What are principals perspective regarding the importance of technology?


2-Do principals perceptions of technology differ by years of experience and gender?

Purpose of the research:

Examining principals perspectives and implementation of technology as well as the


influence of years of experience and gender on principals` perceptions of technology.
METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the issue? Provide
information regarding the following:

A cognitive interview questionnaire was used to understand issue


Participants: 310 principals

Procedures: Survey conveyed by graduate students in Leadership Program was conducted


in the southwest region of United States among 310 principals. Only the data from the
interviews was used to being asked Has technology had an impact in your school?" and "If
so, in what specific ways has it made a difference?
Data Collection Methods/Data Source: Data source was 126 males ,184 female principals
and collected according to genders and years of experience as 0-3 years-7 years 8-11 years
12-15 years 15 years and above
Data Analysis: Data obtained from the questionnaire was coded into meaningful categories,
and another research was utilized to code 10% sample of responses to decide the
consistency of coding. A high level of agreement was shown by the inter-coder reliability
results (Cohens kappa = 0.94).
RESULTS

Findings or Results (or main points of the article): Findings or Results (or main points
of the article):
Table 2. Principals Perceptions of the Major Function of Technology by Sex
Male (n=126)
Female (n=184)
Communication
32.5 %
35.9 %
Instruction
32.6 %
24.6 %
Data sharing and management
15.0 %
15.2 %
Resource
15.9 %
13.6 %
Administrative tasks
12.0 %
8.7 %
Student learning
7.2 %
11.5 %
According to Table gender differs from each other in order of descending last four data.

Table 3. Principals Perceptions of the Major Function of Technology by Years of


Experience
0-3 Yrs.

4-7

8-11 Yrs.

12-15 Yrs.

> 15 Yrs.

(n=104)
Communication
Instruction
Data sharing &
Management
Resource
Administrative tasks
Student learning

(n=55)

(n=32)

(n=31)

38.5 %
24.1 %
10.6 %

Yrs.
(n=82)
32.9%
30.4%
18.3%

30.9 %
23.6 %
14.6 %

28.1 %
31.3 %
21.9 %

35.5 %
38.7 %
19.4 %

21.2 %
6.7 %
9.6 %

7.3 %
12.2%
14.6%

9.1 %
3.6 %
3.6 %

12.5 %
15.6 %
12.5 %

25.8 %
19.4 %
6.4 %

According to Table 3, the principals with 0-11 years experiences selected technology was
used for communication first and instruction second. The principals with 12 years
experiences and above chose that technology was utilized for instruction first and
communication second.

DISCUSSIONS
Conclusions/Implications (for your profession):

The admins positive approach of integrating technology in the classroom helps teachers
and students to get access to variety of resources much quickly in an efficient way, thus, the
quality of education is improved. To be succesful at this, it is crucial that the admins should
be well trained on integrating the technology in classrooms so that they can lead the
teachers to adopt this idea. According to the data shown above, both gender and the years of
experience affect the admins approach on integrating technology in classrooms. The main
goal should be a proper use of the technology.

REFLECTIONS

Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your school/work):

After evaluating the data presented above, my priority would be training staff on how to
integrate technology in classrooms so that this implementation can be effectively initiated.
Admins should be well- trained and knowledgeable about this topic. I would certainly take
this idea into consideration to improve the quality of education at my school which will
have a positive impact on my teachers and students.

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