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Tolentino
Dr. Tolentino
Anatomical Divisions of the Respiratory o next most abundant cells in the
System respiratory epithelium.
A. Upper Respiratory Tract
c. Brush cells
1. Sphenoidal Sinus o sparsely scattered
2. Frontal Sinus o columnar cell type with small
3. Nasal Cavity
apical surface bearing a tuft of
4. Pharynx
many short, blunt microvilli
o chemosensory receptors
B. Lower Respiratory Tract
(express signal transduction
1. Larynx component due to afferent
2. Trachea nerve endings) located at the
3. Bronchi (Gk. Windpipe)
basal surface
4. Lungs o with MICROVILLI not CILIA
o with dense apical granules
Functional Divisions of the Respiratory Tract
Terminal Bronchioles
Lung Lobule
Non ciliated cells
- is the basic functional unit of the lung.
Epithelium:
- roughly shaped like a pyramid.
Simple cuboidal
- supplied by the terminal bronchioles. No goblet cells
- Their bases, are distinguishable as Have many clara cells
polygonal areas beneath the pleura. Plenty of secretory granules
- Adjacent lobules are partially subdivided by
fibrous septa, which contain lymphatics and Respiratory Bronchioles
the pulmonary venules.
From terminal bronchiole
- Thus within a pulmonary lobule, the Short
pulmonary arteries and veins no longer run
side by side but instead dissociate. Epithelium:
Supported by smooth muscle cells
CUBOIDAL (proximal) to SIMPLE
Lung Pleura SQUAMOUS (distal)
Alveolar Macrophages:
o Also known as Lung
Macrophage or Dust Cells
o Derived from from Monocyte
o Found in the alveoli and
interalveolar septum.
o Phagocytose lost erythrocytes
from damaged capillaries and
air borne particles that enter the
alveoli
o Active Macrophage - Slightly
darker (due to content of dust or
carbon form air and complexed
iron from erythrocyte)
- Extremely thin
- Can be confused with Type I Alveolar
Epithelial Cells
- Its lining is CONTINUOUS and NOT
FENESTRATED
- Most Prominent Feature in the
Cytoplasm: NUMEROUS
PINOCYTOTIC VESICLES
Sources
Trivia
Examples:
Sit on a potato pan, Otis
Yo banana boy
Dammit, I'm mad!
Satan, oscillate my metallic sonatas
A man, a plan, a canal, Panama!
Madam, I'm Adam
MARIA AIRA M.