Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Manufacturer BMW
Production 1998–2006
Munich, Germany
Regensburg, Germany
Cairo, Egypt
Kaliningrad, Russia
Shenyang, China +
2-door convertible
4-door sedan
Engine(s) 1.6/1.9 L I4; 1.9 L I4; 2.0 L I4; 2.0/2.2 L I6; 2.5 L I6; 2.8/3.0 L I6; 3.2 L I6; 2.0 L TD
I4; 2.9 L TD I6
6-speed automatic
5-speed semi-automatic
5-speed automatic
Related BMW M3
BMW X3
The BMW 3 series is a compact executive car developed and produced by BMW. The
fourth generation 3 series, the E46, was produced from 1998 where it succeeded the
The E46 was released in 1998 to worldwide markets (excluding the United States) in the
sedan body style. In 1999, a coupé and touring body style became available to all
markets, and the sedan was released in the United States. A convertible and compact
body style was released in 2000. The E46 experienced enormous success in all markets
[1]
and was widely considered the performance benchmark of its class. The record selling
[2]
year for the E46 chassis was 2002, when 561,249 vehicles were sold worldwide.
BMW M GmbH produced a high performance variant of the E46 chassis, designated the
M3. This version had a larger, more powerful engine, sportier suspension, a limited slip
differential, and various aesthetic modifications. The M3 was released in 2001 and was
Contents
● 1 Design
● 2 Models
❍ 2.1 316
❍ 2.2 318
■ 2.2.1 Diesel
❍ 2.3 320
■ 2.3.1 Diesel
❍ 2.4 323
❍ 2.5 328
❍ 2.6 325
❍ 2.7 330
■ 2.7.1 Diesel
● 3 Trim levels
■ 3.3.1 ES
■ 3.3.2 SE
■ 3.3.3 M Sport
■ 3.3.4 M Clubsport
● 4 Model nomenclature
❍ 4.1 "i"
■ 4.1.1 "xi"
❍ 4.2 "Ci"
❍ 4.3 "Cic"
❍ 4.4 "iT"
❍ 5.2 1999
❍ 5.3 2000
❍ 5.4 2001
❍ 5.5 2002
❍ 5.6 2003
❍ 5.7 2004
❍ 5.8 2005
● 6 SULEV
● 7 E46 M3
● 8 Gallery
● 9 References
● 10 External links
Design
Exterior design
The E46 was developed as a modern replacement for the aging BMW E36 chassis.
[3]
design team to create the exterior body work. Based on the E36 body shell, the design
team put an emphasis on improving aerodynamics and increasing the cars aggressive
[3]
stance.
increasing power output - the highest displacement model at release, the E46 328, had
[4]
only 3 horsepower more than the E36 328. To counter this small power increase, the
[4]
body shell of the E46 was claimed by BMW to be 70% more rigid than the E36's, and
aluminum suspension components were used increasingly in order to decrease unsprung
[4] [5]
weight. In tune with BMW's core values , the E46 was released with a front engined
[4][6]
rear-wheel drive layout with 50/50 weight distribution. This balance allows for optimal
Petrol engines
0-
100 km/
[7] [8] Volume [9] [10]
Model Engine Production Type Power Torque h
(in cc)
(0-62
mph)
101 bhp 111 ft·lbf
316i/Ci M43B16 1998-2005 1596 I4, 8v (75 kW; 12.7 s
102 PS) (150 N·m)
Diesel engines
0-
Volume 100 km/h
Model Engine Production Type Power Torque
(in cc) (0-62
mph)
113 bhp 195 ft·lbf
I4,
318d/td M47D20 2001-2005 1951 (84 kW; 10.7 s
16v (264 N·m)
115 PS)
134 bhp 207 ft·lbf
I4,
320d M47D20 1999-2001 1951 (100 kW; 9.9 s
16v (281 N·m)
136 PS)
148 bhp 243 ft·lbf
320d/ I4,
M47TUD20 2001-2007 1995 (110 kW; 8.8 s
cd/td 16v (329 N·m)
150 PS)
181 bhp 288 ft·lbf
M57D30 1999-2003 2926 (135 kW; 7.8 s
184 PS) (390 N·m)
330d/ I6,
xd/cd 24v 201 bhp 302 ft·lbf
M57TUD30 2004-2007 2993 (150 kW; 7.2 s
204 PS) (409 N·m)
Models
316
The 316 was introduced in 1999 with the lowest output engine available in the E46, the
[11]
1.9l BMW M43 producing 105 hp (78 kW) and 165 N·m (37 lbf). Like all 4 cylinder
[4]
models, it was not released into the United States market. In 2001, the 316 was given a
smaller, yet more powerful 1.8l BMW N42 engine producing 116 hp (87 kW) and 175 N·m
[12]
(39 lbf).
318
[12]
The 318 was introduced in 1998 with the same engine as the 316, the 1.9l BMW M43.
However, it was designated the M43B19TU (technical update) and had dual balancing
shafts which increased horsepower to 118 hp (88 kW) and torque to 180 N·m (40 lbf).
Along with the 316, the 318 received an updated engine in 2001 - the 2.0l BMW N42. It
[12]
produced 143 hp (107 kW) and 200 N·m (45 lbf). The 318 was also not released into
[4]
the United States market.
Diesel
320
Diesel
323
The 323 was one of the first E46 models available for purchase, 1998 for the sedan
(excluding North American markets) and 1999 for the coupe (and sedan in North
American markets). Although the model was named the 323, it obtained BMW's 2.5l M52
[12]
engine designated M52TUB25. The M52 engine was used in E36 applications,
however this 2.5l version obtained dual VANOS, BMW's mechanically continuous variable
valve timing system. This improved low end torque and fuel economy over the M52B25
[12]
used in the E36 323. The 323 had its last model year in 2000 , where it was then retired
to make way for the updated E46 325.
328
The 328 was released alongside the 323 as a higher displacement version, still using the
325
330
Diesel
Trim levels
[13]
The performance package was an option given to 2003 and upwards model year 330's.
It included various aesthetic changes over the regular 3 series, as well as performance
enhancements. It received the "M-Tech II" bodykit standard, 18 inch staggered style 135
[13]
wheels, and black high gloss window trim. The interior had also been modified to give a
higher performance feel, with half cloth-half alcantara sports seats, an alcantara-wrapped
sports steering wheel, and a carbon fiber styled "cubed" interior trim. The instrument
[14]
gauge cluster was also modified with red needles and silver gauge ring accents.
Performance wise, the ZHP obtained BMW's performance range camshafts and a DME
[13]
tune to increase power from 225 hp (168 kW) to 235 hp (175 kW) and the engine
[14]
redline from 6,500RPM to 6,800RPM. Suspension was modified over the standard
sports package with firmer springs and shock absorbers, larger anti-roll bars, steel front
[14]
control arm bushings, a lower ride height, and a slightly more negative camber. Car
and Driver magazine track-tested the car, which returned a 0-60 mph time of 5.6 seconds
[15]
and passed through the 1/4 mile in 14.3 seconds.
● Performance
❍ Lightweight flywheel
❍ Tachometer with a 300 rpm-higher redline increase to 6,800 rpm (from 6,500 in
❍ Top speed limiter removed. Drag limited to 155 mph (250 km/h) (up from standard
● Suspension
❍ Firmer shocks (jounce: front +50%, rear +20%), (rebound: front +35%, rear -8%)
❍ Larger diameter anti-roll bars: 23.5 mm front (v. 23.0), 18.5 mm rear (v. 18.0)
❍ Reinforced right & left front lower control arms with all-metal ball joints (more rigid
forward bushings)
● Aesthetics
❍ Interior
❍ Exterior
Luxury package
European markets
ES
The ES trim level was the base level available for the European E46s. It included various
stability control, and a factory installed alarm which were not common as standard
[16]
features when the E46 was released. Comfort items such as heated and electric
[16]
mirrors were also fitted standard. The ES trim did not include a leather interior
[16]
standard, it was offered as an "at-cost" option.
SE
The SE trim level included the options the ES trim level was given, but added cruise
control, electric adjustable front seats, headlight washers, parking sensors, and a full
[16]
leather interior as standard. It was the mid-range trim level that offered luxury items, but
lacked the performance items the M Sport and M Clubsport trim levels had.
M Sport
The M Sport trim level included the options given on the ES and SE trim levels, but had
(depending on when the car was ordered), half leather-half alcantara sports seats, sports
[16]
suspension, and 17" style 68 wheels.
M Clubsport
A 330Ci M Clubsport
The M Clubsport trim level is aesthetically similar to the United States Performance
[16]
Package. The main difference is that the M Clubsport trim was not given the BMW
performance camshafts that the ZHP obtained. Instead, it had 20 kilograms (44 lb) of
suspension set up as the performance package (ZHP) in America, as well as the "cubed"
[17]
interior trim and 18 inch style 135 wheels. However, changes from the ZHP include
plastic front splitters on the M-Tech II bumper, a M-tech II styled rear spoiler (instead of
[17]
the M3 trunk lip), and clubsport door sills. The M Clubsport also came with two "BMW
Individual" colour options that were carried throughout the car, Estoril Blue and Velvet
[17]
Blue.
[16]
Unlike the other trim levels, the M Clubsport trim was only available on the 330.
Model nomenclature
"i"
Sedan
"xi"
With the introduction of the xi models in 2001, BMW brought back AWD which hadn't been
an option in the 3-series since 1991 when the E30 325iX was discontinued. BMW
produced the 325xi and 330xi in the US between 2001-2005, but only in Sedan (4-door)
trim.
The AWD models were well received by reviewers for giving customers in severe winter
climates the option of an AWD 3-series. At the same time, the xi was criticized for its
added weight, slower acceleration, decreased gas mileage, softer suspension, and poor
[18][19]
original equipment tires.
The transfer case used in all BMW E46 xi models is manufactured by New Venture Gear,
Inc., which is owned by Magna Powertrain. The NV 124 transfer case used in the E46 xi
[20]
models is a full-time four-wheel-drive gear driven transfer case.
The xi models have a permanent front/rear 38:62 torque split which differs from the E46's
successor, the E9X, which incorporated BMW's new xDrive platform. Both the front and
rear differentials in the E46 xi are open differentials which are aided by DSC (Dynamic
"Ci"
Coupe
"Cic"
Convertible (the last "c" is implied)
"iT"
"ti" (Compact)
1999
● 323 and 328 E46 Sedans introduced in the US (The 316 to 320 models were not
● E46 Coupe is launched into worldwide markets, designated "Ci" (excluding the US).
● E46 Touring is launched into worldwide markets, designated "iT" (excluding the US).
2000
● E46 Coupe is launched into the US.
● The 323 has 15" Alloy wheels standard (replacing hub caps for no-option package
323s).
● The Premium Package has wood trim and moonroof standard, with 16" wheels only
● Radio has clock function; as a result, an onboard computer function and the time can
2001
● 323i is replaced by the 325i and receives a the new M54B25 engine
● 328i is replaced by the 330i and receives a the new M54B30 engine
● 330: Sports package rims are changed to syle M68 with 17x7.5 up front and 17x8.5 in
the rear.
climate control
● 330: Due to customer feedback, there was a midyear change back to a steering
system with less boost, although more than 323s and 328s had. BMW offered a free
"steering retrofit" to reduce the boost for some time. You now must pay for this retrofit.
● 330i: New standard equipment: power Seats, Harman Kardon stereo, & sport
suspension
2002
● NAV systems now have a widescreen 16x9 display.
● E46 Sedans and wagons receive a facelift: New headlight and taillight designs, side
directional marker moved and re-shaped, new wider grille, new hood, new front
● 320d: Receives new engine 148 bhp (110 kW; 150 PS)
2003
● NAV system becomes DVD based (Mark IV NAV system). In addition, the navigation
● The sound system head unit now has a new auxiliary input (aux input kit required)
● 325: Rain sensor and automatic headlight control will now be part of the Premium
Package.
● 325: Front armrest will be standard in the sedan and sport wagon.
● 325: SULEV 325i, 325Ci, and 325iT are introduced with the M56 motor to meet new
emission requirements. The SULEV M56 motor was offered optionally and only
● 330: Tire Pressure Monitor replaces the Flat Tire monitor on vehicles with run-flat
tires. The alarm display and button in the middle console remain unchanged.
● 330xi with Sport Package will come with 17" all-season run-flat tires with styling 98
● All E46s are now pre-wired for the BMW Bluetooth kit
moonroof.
● A new interior trim will be made available on all 3 Series. SA 426 or Aluminum
"Brushed Columns" trim will be available as a no cost option when the Premium
Package is ordered. If the Premium Package is ordered and SA 426 is not specified,
the car will be equipped with Myrtle Wood trim (as before)
models).
2004
● Performance package now available on coupes and convertibles, as well as with the
● The climate control head unit has a new control button layout (temp, fan and
● The rain sensor and automatic headlight control standard for all Sedans and Sports
Wagons. These features were previously only available with the Premium Package
(ZPP).
Performance Package.
● New Sport Package wheel for 325i Sedan and Sports Wagon. Styling 119 replaces
Styling 96.
● New base wheel for the 330i/330xi Sedan and 325xi Sedan/Sports Wagon when
equipped with the Sport Package. New wheel replaces Styling 73.
● Titanium exterior trim on the front grille and headlights is no longer different for 330i
and 330xi Sedans. (The headlights are black and the front spoiler is a combination of
● Coupes and convertibles receive a face lift with a new front grille (larger "BMW
kidneys"), revised lower bumper design and front/rear light redesign including LED tail
lights, repositioned side turn signal lights and clear front corners on sport package
cars.
● The Xenon headlight package was upgraded to the Adaptive Xenon package for
coupes/convertibles only.
● 325i and 325iT: Styling 119 (17 x 8) with performance tires replaces Styling 96 when
● 330i/330xi get a new base wheels. 325xiT and 330xiT get new Sport Package wheels.
● Styling 137 (17 x 7) with all-season tires replaces Styling 73, also known as the Radial
spoke.
2005
● Lumbar seat support added to the premium package on the 325.
Alcantara
SULEV
BMW introduced a super ultra low emission vehicle (SULEV) into the select regions of the
United States to meet stricter emission standards. California, New York, and
[21]
Massachusetts received the SULEV E46's in 2003, and Vermont in 2004. They
[21]
received a variant of the M54 engine, the BMW M56. The M56 meets SULEV
standards, as well as partial zero emission vehicle (PZEV) and zero evaporative
[21]
emissions requirements. The M56 is claimed to have identical power as its M54
[21]
counterpart.
E46 M3
E46 M3 CSL
[22]
The BMW M3 CSL (coupe sports lightweight) was a limited edition version of the M3,
[23]
with only 1,400 cars being produced for its 2004 model year run. The CSL was never
[24]
released into the North American market, and was only available in two colours - Silver
[25]
Grey Metallic and Black Sapphire Metallic.
As its name suggests, an emphasis was put on reducing weight. The M3 CSL has a kerb
[26][27][28]
weight of 1,385 kg (3,050 lb), 110 kg (240 lb) lighter than the regular M3. The
CSL features many weight saving technologies taken from Formula 1 racing applications.
[29]
A large proportion of the M3's sound insulation has been removed, as have the power
[24]
windows, electric seats, and navigation systems. . Air conditioning and stereo systems
[27]
could be retrofitted free of cost, but were not available standard. The CSL's unique
[26]
body pieces are all crafted from carbon fiber reinforced polymer. Glass-reinforced
[27]
plastics are used throughout structural points in the car. The rear glass window was
[27]
replaced with lightweight plastic. Although the CSL loses a considerable amount of
kerb weight from its original version, the focus was put on strategically reducing or moving
[30]
the weight in the car rather than the raw amount of weight that could be lost. This is to
[26]
retain the ideal 50:50 weight distribution characteristics the E46 has. For example, the
[26]
roof is constructed from carbon fiber reinforced plastic. While this only reduces the kerb
weight of the car by 7 kg (15 lb), it lowers the center of gravity of the car and decreases
[30][25]
body flex.
In order to improve the handling ability of the car, the entire suspension system was
[26]
further refined. Specially developed racing springs and dampers are given to the CSL,
and a tightened steering ratio (14.5:1 vs 15.4:1 on the regular M3) improves
[29]
responsiveness. The braking system is also modified, with larger front and rear floating
[24][25]
rotors and calipers from the E39 M5. The CSL is given a retuned dymanic stability
control system with a "M track mode" setting that allows the car to be pushed to its
[29]
absolute limits before being activated.
The 3.2l engine used in the M3, the BMW S54, has been modified to increased output by
[25][29]
17 hp (13 kW) and 5 N·m (1 lbf) over the European M3. This is achieved through a
high flow carbon fiber air intake, modified valve and camshaft timing, and a retuned DME.
[29][25]
However, the engine is further modified in order to reduce weight - it features a
[29]
lightweight exhaust manifold and thinner exhaust piping. Additionally, the intake and
[24]
exhaust manifolds are slightly straightened to improve engine responsiveness.
The CSL also has various aesthetic modifications over the standard M3. It received an
aerodynamic lightweight body kit which included carbon fiber front splitters that improved
[26]
downforce at high speeds by 50%, as well as a carbon fiber rear diffuser. The front
bumper has a distinct hole that is used to draw cool air into the newly designed air intake.
[26]
The boot lid is redesigned to incorporate a raised lip, unlike the standard M3 where
[26]
one is simply added on to a flat boot. The CSL was sold with distinct 19 inch lightweight
[25]
forged BBS alloy rims that came with Michelin Pilot Sport Cup semi-slick racing tires.
[31]
The interior of the CSL is redesigned with a sporty-weight saving theme. The CSL
[26] [26]
obtains fiberglass front racing bucket seats, and fiberglass backed rear seats. The
[26][25]
center console, door panels and trim, and headliner are all formed from carbon fiber ,
and the steering wheel is redesigned with cruise control, stereo, and phone controls
[25]
removed to include just a single button that activates the M track mode.
Unlike the standard M3, which was offered with a standard 6-speed GETRAG
transmission, or optionally a SMG drivelogic transmission (also known as the SMG II), the
[29]
CSL was offered only with the SMG II transmission. This is the standard 6-speed
GETRAG transmission with an electrohydraulically actuated clutch pedal, similar to an
[25]
Formula 1 style transmission. However, the CSL received a more advanced drivelogic
[29][25]
unit than the standard M3 that was capable of making shifts in 0.08 of a second.
optional "competition package" (option code ZCP) to fill the market void. It upgraded the
normal M3 by way of 19 inch forged lightweight CSL style wheels, detuned CSL
[32]
suspension components, a tighter steering ratio, and the CSLs brakes. It also included
[32]
a detuned version of the CSLs dynamic stability control.
Gallery
Coupe Front Coupe Rear Coupe Side (Facelift) Coupe ZHP (Euro)
(Facelift) (Facelift)
(Facelift) (Facelift)
References
2. ^ "Successful 2003 Financial Year for the BMW Group". The Auto Channel. http://www.
ab
3. ^ "DesignworksUSA". BMW Group. http://www.designworksusa.com/design/carsbikes/
abcdef
4. ^ "BMW 3 Series". Edmunds. 2003-08-01. 1. http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/
7. ^ An "i" stands for fuel injected, present on all petrol models. A "d" stands for diesel
powered, "Ti" is the 3-door hatchback (compact). "Ci" stands for Coupe, while "Cic" stands
9. ^ The I indicates an Inline/Straight engine, followed by the number of cylinders and the total
amount of valves.
10. ^ Figures are for saloons/coupes with manual transmission. Acceleration may be slightly
faster for compacts (ca. -0.1 seconds) and slower for tourings (ca. +0.2 seconds),
convertibles (ca. +0,4-1 seconds), automatics ca. (+0.2-0.5 seconds) and all-wheel drives
abcde
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2009-07-09.
abc
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09.
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caranddriver.com/layout/set/print/reviews/hot_lists/car_shopping/entry_luxury/
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abc
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com/layout/set/print/reviews/comparison_test/sedans/
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abcd
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abcdefghij
25. ^ "BMW M3 Parts CSL". US auto parts. http://www.usautoparts.net/bmw/
abcdefghijk
26. ^ "BMW M3 CSL". Cartorque. http://www.cartorque.co.za/0001.htm.
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abcd
27. ^ "BMW M3 CSL (E46)". diseno-art. http://www.diseno-art.com/encyclopedia/
abcdefgh
29. ^ "[Glass-reinforced plastic The New M3 CSL]". Car pages. Glass-reinforced
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ab
30. ^ "BMW M3 CSL". Automobile magazine. http://www.automobilemag.com/reviews/
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ab
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Retrieved on 2009-07-10.
External links
● BMW's Super factory
Categories: BMW platforms | Vehicles introduced in 1998 | Euro NCAP large family cars |
1990s automobiles | 2000s automobiles
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