Ixia Catalog

v.2004.
Ixia Product Catalog

www.ixiacom.com
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

International + 818.871.1800
www.ixiacom.com
Table of Contents Ixia p. 1
Table of Contents
About Ixia p. 2
Ixia Product Matrix p. 7
Ixia Testing Solutions p. 16
Network Test & Measurement Glossary p. 182
Sales Office & Contact Information p. 197
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
About Ixia Ixia p. 2
About Ixia
Who is Ixia? • Ixia is a leading, global provider of high performance

IP network testing solutions.
What distinguishes us? • Ixia is an engineering company, started and built

by engineers focused on developing IP network
testing technology.
What do we do? • Ixia develops testing solutions that measure the confor-
mance and performance of complex IP networks,
devices, and applications.
How do we do it? • Ixia‘s highly scalable solutions generate, capture,

characterize, and emulate network and application
traffic, establishing definitive performance and con-
formance metrics of the network device or system
under test.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Who uses our products? • Our testing solutions are used by Network Equipment
Manufacturers, Semiconductor Manufacturers, Service
Providers, and large Enterprises to test and validate the
functionality, reliability, robustness, and performance of
networks, devices, and applications.
Where do we add value? • Network Equipment Manufacturers and Semiconductor

Manufacturers rely on Ixia‘s technology during the design,
manufacturing, and quality assurance stages of their
product development cycle.
• Service Providers and large Enterprises depend on

Ixia technology to perform vendor qualification and
pre-deployment testing of network systems, protocols,
and applications.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Who are our Customers? • Our customers include the most successful Network
Equipment Manufacturers, Semiconductor Manufacturers,
Service Providers, and Fortune 1000 Enterprises in
the world.
Outstanding examples include:
• Network Equipment Manufacturers

• Cisco
• Extreme Networks
• Hewlett Packard
• Nortel
• Hitachi
• Semiconductor Manufacturers
• Intel
• Broadcom
• Texas Instruments
• Motorola
• Atheros
• Services Providers
• AT&T
• Verizon
• SBC
• Qwest
• NTT
• Fortune 1000 Enterprises

• Merrill Lynch
• Ford Motor Company
• Microsoft
• Boeing
• Lockheed Martin
What is our position in • Ixia is a financially strong and profitable company. Ixia‘s
the industry? engineering roots have translated into a highly efficient
and disciplined business model that captured substantial
market share during one of the most challenging periods
in the telecommunications industry. With an increase in
revenues of 1275% from 1998 to 2002, Ixia‘s ability
to rapidly respond to customer needs and introduce new
products at an unprecedented rate overwhelmed our
competitors and resulted in Ixia achieving a leadership
position in the network test and measurement market.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Why test and measure? To test and measure is to know:
• If the networking device conforms to accepted

industry standards.
• If the networking device delivers the required level
of performance.
• If the network delivers the required level
of performance.
What sets Ixia apart • ”Commando-Like” Responsiveness – Our customers

from the competition? recognize Ixia as the most responsive company in the
Network Test and Measurement market at delivering
the necessary products to support their development
efforts and meet their quality metrics.
• More Value – Our customers perform highly complex and

dynamic testing for less cost, because our solutions deliver
greater scalability and performance than the competition.
• One Test Tool – Our customers operate on a single hard-

ware platform with interchangeable interfaces using
a single set of applications and Application Programming
Interfaces (APIs), resulting in one test tool to learn and use.
• Open Architecture – Our customers depend upon our APIs

and Software Development Kit (SDK) to centrally manage,
protect, and extend their customized testing methodologies.
What is Ixia‘s test and • Ixia integrates a highly-scalable hardware platform with
measurement architecture? an optimized operating system (IxOS) that supports
a comprehensive set of test and measurement appli-
cations. The architecture provides for the emulation of
hundreds-to-millions of network users on a single scalable
platform, with a mixture of both network and real-world
application layer traffic.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
What does Ixia provide • Ixia‘s Automated Network Validation Library (IxANVL) is
for Network Conformance the industry standard, offering the most comprehensive
Validation? encapsulation and protocol conformance tests available
in the industry. Tests can be run on a standalone Linux PC
or tunneled through Ixia hardware interfaces, allowing
for conformance testing and validation assessment on
even the fastest network interfaces.
What does Ixia provide for • Ixia provides the highest port density and most extensive
Network Layer 2 & 3 testing? capabilities for wire-speed Layer 2 and 3 packet genera-
tion and analysis of both positive and negative test cases.
All common protocols are supported and are configurable
using a Graphical User Interface complimented by a com-
prehensive set of automation test tools.
What does Ixia provide for • Ixia provides router emulation, traffic generation, and
Router Testing? analysis capabilities that test complex routing topologies
consisting of thousands of routers advertising millions of
routes. Sophisticated configurations can be created using
Ixia‘s Graphical User Interface, and automated tests can
be run using our IxScriptMate technology.
What does Ixia provide to • Ixia‘s Real World Traffic™ Suite is a fully integrated test
test realistic network traffic? solution that simulates Internet-scale clients and servers
oper-ating within a network at the application Layer
(Layers 4 through 7). The suite can measure device and
system performance under realistic load conditions,
derived from a library of security and content delivery
protocols, as well as several popular business applications.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Product Matrix Ixia p. 7
Ixia Product Matrix
Ixia offers the industry’s most comprehensive product line for testing networking devices,
protocols, and applications. The Ixia Product Matrix can be used to find the Ixia solution(s)
that best meet(s) your testing needs:
1. Locate the category along the vertical axis that most closely matches the device you
want to test
2. Locate the technology you want to test along the horizontal axis
3. Cross-reference the device and technology to locate the correct Ixia test solution
The Ixia Product Matrix should be used as a starting point. Ixia’s flexible architecture and fully
integrated test platform allows various products to be used in conjunction for specific testing
requirements. If you cannot immediately find the Ixia product that meets your testing needs, or
Phone 877 FOR IXIA if you have a custom testing configuration, please contact us at +1-818-871-1800.
www.ixiacom.com
Supported Technologies
802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree

802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree
802.1d Spanning Tree

Conformance
RMON Ethernet
802.1Q VLAN
RSVP-TE/MPLS
IPSEC ESP
DVMRPv3
IPSEC AH
IPSEC IKE
IGMPv2
OSPFv2
OSPFv3
PPP PAP
PIM-DM
PIM-SM
IS-ISv6
PPP VJ
BGP4
IPv6
IS-IS
LDP
RIP
Type of Device
Under Test
L2-3 Switching
Content Switching
Web Servers
Firewalls
Secure Gateway
Customer Premise Routers
Edge Routers
Core Routers
Broadband Access
(DSLAM, CMTS)
Broadband Aggregation
Multiservice Provisioning
Platforms
Optical Transport
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

IxANVL
www.ixiacom.com
Product Matrix (cont.)
Layer 2 MPLS VPN

Layer 3 BGP VPN
IPv4 Routing
IPv6 Routing
RSVP-TE/MPLS
PPP CHAP
PPP IPCP
L2TPSEC
OSPFv2
OSPFv3
PPP LCP
IS-ISv6
MLPPP
BGP4
BGP+
RIPng
RIPv2
VPLS
PPTP
L2TP
IS-IS
TCP
LDP
Type of Device
Under Test
L2-3 Switching
Content Switching
Web Servers
Firewalls
Secure Gateway
Edge Routers
Core Routers
Broadband Access
(DSLAM, CMTS)
Platforms
Optical Transport
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

IxANVL IxExplorer
www.ixiacom.com
Distributed Denial of Serive

Denial of Service
Web/Internet
Security
PPPoEoA
HTTP1.0
HTTP1.1
PPPoX
802.1x
PPPoA
PPPoE
POP3
SMTP
IMAP
IPSec
DNS
RTSP
L2TP
TCP
RTP
SSL
FTP
Type of Device
Under Test
L2-3 Switching
Content Switching
Web Servers
Firewalls
Secure Gateway
Edge Routers
Core Routers
Broadband Access
(DSLAM, CMTS)
Platforms
Optical Transport
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

International + 818.871.1800 IxExplorer IxVPN IxWeb IxAccess
www.ixiacom.com
Application Traffic Emulation:

Benchmark Transactions
Database Update
Credit Check
File Receive
Protocols
Multicast
PIM-SMv6
File Send
UDP-IPv6
TCP-IPv6
IGMPv1
IGMPv2
IGMPv3
RTP-IPv6
PIM-SM
MLDv1
MLDv2
APPC
UDP
TCP
SPX
RTP
IPX
Type of Device
Under Test
L2-3 Switching
Content Switching
Web Servers
Firewalls
Secure Gateway
Edge Routers
Core Routers
Broadband Access
(DSLAM, CMTS)
Platforms
Optical Transport
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

International + 818.871.1800 IxExplorer IxChariot™
www.ixiacom.com
Business Transactions
Windows NT File Print

Web Transactions
Microsoft Exchange
Throughput Check
Active Directory
Microsoft SQL
Microsoft RDP
CCMail
Oracle
Inquiry
NNTP
POP3
SMTP
Telnet
Citrix
LDAP
Baan
HTTP
Lotus
DNS
SAP
SSL
FTP
Type of Device
Under Test
L2-3 Switching
Content Switching
Web Servers
Firewalls
Secure Gateway
Edge Routers
Core Routers
Broadband Access
(DSLAM, CMTS)
Platforms
Optical Transport
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

IxChariot™
www.ixiacom.com
Microsoft NetMeeting Audio

Microsoft NetMeeting Video
Streaming Media
Cisco IPTV Audio
Cisco IPTV Video
VoIP CODECs
Ethernet SNAP
Web Push
Real Media
H261QCIF
H263QCIF
Real Audio
Ethernet II
Headliner
BackWeb
PointCast
NetShow
H261CIF
H263CIF
Castanet
G723.1
Other
G711
G729
Type of Device
Under Test
L2-3 Switching
Content Switching
Web Servers
Firewalls
Secure Gateway
Edge Routers
Core Routers
Broadband Access
(DSLAM, CMTS)
Platforms
Optical Transport
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

International + 818.871.1800 IxChariot™ IxExplorer
www.ixiacom.com
Bit Error Rate Testing
Neighbor Discovery
Packet over SONET
Cisco Frame Relay

802.1q VLANs
Pause Control
SONET DCC
802.1p TOS
Frame Relay
Cisco HDLC
ATM AAL5
802.2 IPX
Cisco ISL
DHCP
PING
ICMP
IPv4
IPv6
ARP
SRP
RPR
Type of Device
Under Test
L2-3 Switching
Content Switching
Web Servers
Firewalls
Secure Gateway
Edge Routers
Core Routers
Broadband Access
(DSLAM, CMTS)
Platforms
Optical Transport
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN

10 Gigabit Ethernet LAN
IXIA 1600T (16 slots)

IXIA 400T (4 slots)
IXIA 250 (2 slots)
10/100 Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernet
OC-192c POS
OC-12c POS
OC-48c POS
OC-12 ATM
OC-3c POS
Interfaces
OC-3 ATM
Chassis
Optixia
Type of Device
Under Test
L2-3 Switching
Content Switching
Web Servers
Firewalls
Secure Gateway
Edge Routers
Core Routers
Broadband Access
(DSLAM, CMTS)
Platforms
Optical Transport
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

International + 818.871.1800 Interfaces Chassis
www.ixiacom.com
Testing Solutions Ixia p. 16
Ixia Testing Solutions
Ixia‘s Testing Solutions
Performance Applications Purpose
IxAccess™ PPPoX Emulation p. 19
IxAnalyze™ – Sniffer® Decode and Analysis p. 20
IxAuthenticate 802.1x Emulation p. 26
IxChariot™ Application Traffic Emulation p. 29
IxExplorer Traffic Generation and Analysis p. 32
IxScriptMate Automated Test Suites p. 36
IxVPN IPSec Emulation p. 40
IxWeb Internet Client/Server Emulation p. 44
WebLOAD Web Client Record/Replay p. 48
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Routing Protocols IPv4/IPv6
IPv6 Emulation Software Suite p. 52
RIP and RIPng Emulation Software p. 55
OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 p. 58

Emulation Software
IS-IS and IS-ISv6 p. 62

Emulation Software
BGP and BGP+ p. 66

Emulation Software
Multicast
IP Multicast Emulation Software p. 70
PIM-SM Multicast p. 74
Emulation Software
MPLS
Layer 2 VPN Emulation Software p. 78
Layer 3 VPN Emulation Software p. 82
LDP Emulation Software p. 85
RSVP-TE Emulation Software p. 89
Other
RPR/SRP Emulation Software p. 93
Conformance Applications IxANVL - Automated Network p. 96

Validation Library
APIs and SDKs Ixia Tcl API (Application p. 103

Programming Interface)
Ixia Linux Software p. 105

Development Kit
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Interfaces Ethernet Load Modules
10 Gigabit Universal p. 107

Load Module
(LAN, WAN, OC-192c POS)
10 Gigabit Ethernet LAN p. 116

Load Module
10 Gigabit Ethernet XENPAK p. 121

Load Module
10 Gigabit Ethernet XAUI p. 126

Load Module
10 Gigabit Ethernet p. 131

Multi-MSA Load Module
Application Load Module p. 136
TXS 10/100 Mbps & p. 140

Gigabit Ethernet Load Module
SONET and BERT Load Modules
OC-3c/12c Packet Over p. 145

SONET/SDH Load Module
OC-48c Packet Over p. 149

OC-192c Packet Over p. 153

SONET-Framed Bit Error p. 158

Rate Tester (BERT) Load Modules
Unframed Bit Error Rate p. 162

Tester (BERT) Load Module
ATM Load Modules
OC-3c/OC-12c Asynchronous p. 166

Transfer Mode (ATM)
Load Module
Chassis IXIA 1600T/400T/100 p. 171
IXIA 250 p. 174
Optixia® p. 178
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Performance Applications Ixia p. 19
IxAccess
Ixia’s IxAccess test suite provides an easy-to-use tool for
comprehensive performance and scalability analysis of
edge aggregation equipment. By emulating PPPoX client
sessions and running data traffic over those sessions, the
testing of devices such as Broadband Remote Access
Servers (B-RAS), DSLAMs and edge routers is substantially
simplified by eliminating the need to configure thousands
of individual clients.
The IxAccess test suite runs in conjunction with the Ixia

TXS Gigabit Ethernet and ATM Load Modules that support
a per-port CPU running Linux. Each port implements a full PPP
stack and can emulate thousands of PPPoX clients. The test
environment can be scaled to generate hundreds of thousands
of concurrent sessions to validate the capacity, connection
rates, and data performance of PPP aggregation devices.
System Under Test
Ixia Chassis
TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
PPPoX
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half
Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig
1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r 1 ll r
Link L/Err Half Link L/Err Half Link L/Err Half Link L/Err Half Link L/Err Half
Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig Port Tx/Co Rx/Er Trig
1 1 1 1 1
ll r ll r ll r ll r ll r
Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Tx Tx Tx Tx Tx
Rx Rx Rx Rx Rx
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
3
Port
Link
Tx/Co
Link
Tx/Co
ll
100
Rx/Er
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Half
Trig
Port
2
Link
Tx/Co
ll
L/Err
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Tx
Port
2
Link
Tx/Co
ll
L/Err
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Tx
Port
2
Link
Tx/Co
ll
L/Err
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Tx
Port
2
Link
Tx/Co
ll
L/Err
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Tx
Port
2
Link
Tx/Co
ll
L/Err
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
Tx
Client/Hosts
Rx Rx Rx Rx Rx
1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig 1 2 Trig
3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out 3 4 Out
5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd 5 6 Gnd
LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM100TX3 LM1000LX LM1000LX LM1000LX LM1000LX LM1000LX
PBX
10/100/1000 Ethernet
or
IXIA 1600T Traffic Generator / Performance Analyzer
OC-3/OC-12 ATM
LAC LNS
IP
10/100/1000 Ethernet
or
OC-3/OC-12 ATM
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Load Module Support • 10/100/1000 Mbps Copper Ethernet (LM1000TXS4)

• 1000 Mbps Fiber Gigabit Ethernet (LM1000SFPS4)
• OC-3/OC-12 ATM (LM622MR)
PPPoX Emulation • Full PPP stack

• 40,000 PPPoE sessions per Gigabit Ethernet Load Module;
10,000 per port
• 32,000 PPPoEoA sessions per ATM Load Module; 16,000
per port
• Multiple PPP sessions per VPI/VCI and VLAN
• PPPoE discovery stages with configurable PADI and PADR
timeouts and retries
• LCP link control and IPCP network control
• PAP and CHAP (MD5) authentication with configurable
user names and passwords
• Keep-alive responses and requests on every established
PPP session
• LLC and VC Multiplexed encapsulation over AAL5
• Configurable PPP session set-up rate, session count,
session throttling, re-try attempts, and teardown rate
• Debug interface for detailed analysis of session
setup failures
Traffic Generation • Layer 4 traffic flows with configurable protocol (TCP, UDP)
and variable source/destination port numbers
• Fixed, incrementing, or mixed frame sizes
• IMIX mode allowing individual rates assigned to up to
5 different frame sizes
• Frame rate control in frames per second or percentage
of line rate
• IEEE 802.1q VLANs – full range of 4,095 IDs
Real-Time Statistics Sessions attempted/established, connection setup/tear-

down rates, min-max-average session setup latency,
throughput, frame loss
Benefits • Save testing time with automated PPP session establishment

• Manage hundreds of client/host ports from one centralized
console
• Scale to hundreds of thousands of concurrent emulated
sessions in one Ixia chassis
• Benchmark end-to-end performance of LAC (L2TP access
concentrator) and LNS (L2TP network server) devices
with real-time graphs and statistics
• Easy-to-use Graphical User Interface (GUI) with progressive
setup leads user through configuration
• Full wire-speed Layer 2/3/4 traffic combined with
real-world PPP session emulation
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
• Use in Ethernet, ATM, and mixed technology

network environments
• Perform simultaneous control plane and data plane testing
Scalability Each Ixia test port can emulate thousands of concurrent PPP
clients and establish these sessions within minutes, saving
significant setup time. For higher capacity requirements, multi-
ple ports can be used to generate hundreds of thousands of
sessions from one chassis, across one or more access concen-
trators, and all managed from a central IxAccess console.
Easy-to-Use GUI Users can quickly and easily configure and manage multi-
ple test ports via the IxAccess GUI. The application inter-
face is designed to lead the user through the test process
with minimal training and documentation consultation.
Parameter defaults allow testing to commence with minimal
initial configuration.
Test Suites Capacity

Measures the maximum number of concurrent sessions that
can be sustained by the Device Under Test.
Setup/Teardown Rate
Tests the time required to setup and teardown a specific
number of PPP sessions.
Latency
Measures the minimum, maximum, and average latency
to establish PPP sessions.
Throughput
Data traffic is sent over each established PPP session and statistics
are collected for throughput and packet loss. Traffic generation
can be customized with varying upstream and downstream traffic
profiles, frame sizes, rates per frame size, and Layer 4
header information.
Real-Time Statistics IxAccess reports real-time statistics to analyze the functional

behavior of broadband access devices. These performance
metrics enable the characterization of the device under test
for session setup rate, session capacity, data throughput
and latency. Metrics are presented in easy to read charts.
In addition, a comprehensive summary of the test results is
available to easily benchmark key performance metrics.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Standards Support • RFC 1332 IPCP

• RFC 1334 PAP
• RFC 1570 LCP Extensions
• RFC 1661 PPP
• RFC 1994 CHAP
• RFC 2516 PPPoE
• RFC 2684 MPoA
• IEEE 802.1q VLANs
Product Ordering Information
IxAccess................................ IxAccess – High-Performance PPPoX Emulation Software
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxAnalyze – Sniffer
™ ®
Verification of switches, routers, and networks before and

after deployment requires both traffic generators and
protocol analyzers, which are typically two independent
functions available on independent test devices. Ixia’s
IxAnalyze combines these two functions by integrating
Ixia’s powerful traffic generation with Network Associates’
industry-leading Sniffer® product to create IxAnalyze.
With IxAnalyze™, you can now simultaneously capture
generated data received over multiple ports of Ixia Load
Modules, and then decode the packets using Sniffer®.
IxAnalyze uses Sniffer® Pro Portable to decode captured data on

Ixia Load Modules.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Application Type Client applications executable on PCs and workstations

running Microsoft operating systems
Components IxAnalyze - Sniffer® Pro Portable and Ixia’s Multi-Port

Time Interleaver
Sniffer® Version Sniffer® Pro Portable Analysis Suite 4.7
Sniffer® Requirements Pentium 400 MHz or higher CPU, Min 128 MB RAM,
on Client 84 MB free disk space, Microsoft Windows 98, Windows
NT 4.0 (SP3, 4, 5, or 6a), Windows 2000, Windows XP
Ixia Requirements on Client Microsoft Windows 98/ME/NT/2000/XP, Tcl/Tk 8.3,

Ixia Platform 3.50 and above
Ixia Chassis IXIA 400T, IXIA 1600T, IXIA 100, IXIA 250, Optixia®
License Keys One Sniffer® Pro Portable license installed per Ixia chassis
Protocols Data Link Layer, IPv6, TCP/IP, ATM, RSVP, LDP, CR-LDP,
MPLS, CORBA, IBM, Cisco, Microsoft, APPLE, Banyan,
Novell, DEC, ISDN, ISO, NFS, Xerox, WAP, WAN, Oracle
DBMS, SYBASE DBMS, Microsoft DBMS, X-Windows
Product Overview The IxAnalyze product decodes captured packets and

supports over 500 protocols such as Ethernet, IPv6, TCP/IP,
and ATM. IxAnalyze also includes Ixia’s Multi-Port Time
Interleaver, which aggregates captured traffic, interleaves
packets based on timestamps, and exports them to the Sniffer®
application. This TimeStitching® capability makes it possible
for current Ixia customers to generate, pre-filter, and capture
wire-speed traffic and decode via Sniffer®, the world’s most
recognized decode tool.
Sniffer® Pro Portable Sniffer® provides network engineers with portable network
analysis solutions for quick identification and resolution
of network performance issues. These solutions help IT pro-
fessionals resolve the toughest problems across all Local
Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN)
topologies, from 10/100 Ethernet to the latest high-speed
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and Gigabit back-
bones. Real-time network analysis helps detect and resolve
network faults and performance problems quickly. With
expert
analysis capabilities that pinpoint the root cause of network,
database, and application faults, Sniffer® Pro Portable is
Phone 877 FOR IXIA a top choice of network engineers worldwide.
www.ixiacom.com
Features and Benefits Helps maximize network performance through:
Fast troubleshooting
• Intuitive, consistent user interface for quick capture and
display of data
• Traffic map and traffic matrix show who is talking to whom
• Host tables immediately identify bandwidth “hogs”
• Protocol distribution information displays protocols in use,
IP applications running, and IPX
Accurate Network Planning

• Monitors and displays network usage over time
• Enables day-to-day utilization tracking to effectively plan
for change and growth
Time Interleaver Ixia’s Multi-Port Time Interleaver is an application that

aggregates captured traffic across a range of Ixia ports,
and displays it in the Sniffer® graphical interface as inter-
leaved packets. The TimeStitching feature exports data from
multiple Ixia ports to Sniffer® in time-aligned order. This
helps in analyzing the traffic as it is being received, and
is especially useful when the traffic is session based, such
as Layer 4-7 sessions.
IxAnalyze brings together the two distinct but critical

components of network testing into one product. Network
equipment manufacturers performing high-rate stress testing
in QA labs and manufacturing, and service providers
interested in analyzing their live networks, can now use
IxAnalyze to generate large volumes of high-rate user
traffic, filter, then capture and decode this traffic passing
through the DUT or SUT.
Product ordering Information
IxAnalyze.............................. Sniffer® Pro Protocol capture and decode application

including the Ixia Multi-Port Time Interleaver
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxAuthenticate
Ixia’s IxAuthenticate enables comprehensive testing of an
802.1x authenticator by emulating a large number of 802.1x
supplicants. IxAuthenticate also measures data plane perform-
ance metrics, including throughput and latency, by sending
traffic through the 802.1x device. IxAuthenticate’s easy-to-use
graphical testing environment enables quick configuration
and analysis of test results.
IxAuthenticate utilizes Ixia’s Ethernet TXS Load Modules to

emulate 802.1x supplicants and perform data plane traffic
generation and analysis. This creates a highly scalable test
solution, where increased test capacity requirements are
met with the simple addition of more TXS test ports into the
test environment.
IxAuthenticate
provides an
easy-to-use
Graphical User
Interface for test
setup and analysis.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Authentication Modes Single-Host, Multi-Host Single-Auth,

Multi-Host Multi-Auth
Authentication Types • EAP-MD5 or EAP-TLS, PEAP

• Ability to mix authentication types in a single test
Protocol Control Authentication period, Time to hold after a failure,

Parameters Time to wait for ID request after EAPOL start,
Maximum successive EAPOL start messages,
EAP TLS fragment size
Supplicant Parameters Source MAC address, Source IP address, Username,

Password, Authentication type, Type field – either normal
or fail-authenticating
Traffic Parameters Source MAC address and Destination MAC address

mapping, Traffic generation rate, Frame size
Test Control Parameters Maximum authentication sessions, Setup delay, Establish

delay, Tear-down delay, Test mode, Session hold time,
Random hold time, Test duration
Session Statistics Number of attempts, success, EAP failures, EAP timeouts,

min, max, and avg latency (time to successfully authenticate).
Statistics categorized based on authentication type
(MD5, TLS, PEAP)
EAPOL Frame Statistics EAPOL frames received, EAPOL frames transmitted, EAPOL
start frames transmitted, EAPOL logoff frames transmitted,
EAP response/ID frames transmitted, EAP response frames
transmitted, EAP response/ID frames received, EAP response
frames received, EAP request/ID frames received, EAP
request frames received, Invalid EAPOL frames received,
EAP length error frames received, EAP alert, EAP successes,
EAP failures
Automation Full Tcl API, ability to export configurations from GUI

into a script
Comprehensive and IxAuthenticate provides truly comprehensive testing of 802.1x

Scalable authenticators. An extensive set of control and supplicant
parameters can be modified to test the authenticator at
varying conditions. IxAuthenticate supports authenticator
initiated authentication as well as MD5 and TLS authentica-
tion types. Using the Ixia TXS Load Modules, several traffic
streams can be sent at line-rate. A single chassis can be
scaled to emulate thousands of supplicants providing
extreme scalability.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Extensive Statistics IxAuthenticate provides a rich set of statistics both in

real-time and in a summary format. In addition to detailed
statistics on both the 802.1x protocol messages and data
performance, detailed supplicant state machine information
is also available. These statistics are available as per port
statistics, as well as on an aggregate basis.
Easy-to-Use GUI IxAuthenticate is easy to use with a Graphical User Interface

that has a simple tab-based configuration and results screens.
Results are available in real-time in a simple tabular format.
IxAuthenticate can be completely automated using a Tcl API.
Configurations can also be exported from the GUI to quickly
create automation scripts.
Test results are

easy to view and
interpret with
IxAuthenticate’s
real-time statistics.
IxAuth-802.1x........................ IxAuthenticate 802.1x Module
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxChariot
™
The IxChariot™ product family is the industry‘s leading traffic

pattern analysis and decision support tool emulating real-
world application data without the need to install and main-
tain extensive client/server networks. Incorporating the
IxChariot™ Console, Performance Endpoints, and Application
Scanner, the IxChariot™ family offers thorough application
assessment and device testing by emulating hundreds of
protocols across thousands of network endpoints. IxChariot™
provides the ability to confidently predict the expected per-
formance characteristics of any application running on
wired and wireless networks.
Building on the proven performance of NetIQ’s Chariot 4.3,

Ixia continues to drive the innovation of application layer
test solutions with the introduction of IxChariot 5.0.
Sample DUT Test Setup
IxChariot Console
IxC IxC
Performance Performance
Endpoint 1 Endpoint 2
Application Scripts
(e.g. High Performance Throughput)
Device Under Test
From System Under Test To Network Under Test
Performance
Endpoint 1
Router Application Scripts
(e.g. SAPinv) IxC
IxC IxC
Manufacturing Application Scripts
LAN WAN
Performance Performance (e.g. Baan Maintain
Endpoint 2 Purchase Order)
Endpoint 1
IxC
Sales
System Under Test System Under Test Performance
Endpoint 2
IxChariot Console IxChariot Console
From Staged Network To Deployed Network
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Scalability Supports up to 10,000 connections (endpoint pairs)

representing hundreds of thousands of end-users
Environments & Protocols TCP, UDP, RTP, IPX, SPX, SNA

IPv4, IPv6
VoIP, IP Multicast
System Requirements Windows XP, 2000, ME, NT4 (SP3 and above)
Minimum hardware: Pentium 300, 64 MB Memory,
23 MB Disk Space
Performance Endpoints Ixia Load Modules (LM100TXS8, LM1000TXS4,

LM1000SFPS4, ALM1000T8-C)
Windows (3.1, 95, 98, ME, NT, 2000, XP, CE, CE.net)
Sun Solaris (x86 and SPARC)
Linux (x86, MIPS and Turbo 64-bit)
IBM AIX, MVS, OS/2
Novell Netware
Compaq Tru64 UNIX
FreeBSD
SCO UnixWare
SGI IRIX
Key Features • Over 125 pre-programmed scripts capable of emulating

all common enterprise protocols and services including VoIP,
Multicast, and ERP applications running on up to 10,000
endpoint pairs
• Tailored scripting capabilities using Ixia‘s Application
Scanner and IxChariot‘s SDK
• Ability to create sophisticated traffic pattern, throughput, jit-
ter, lost data, QoS, and latency analysis using Performance
Endpoints running on all popular operating systems
• Capability to measure the impact of new technologies such
as VoIP, IPv6, and rapid increases in encrypted data flows
to assess readiness to upcoming network changes
• Ability to troubleshoot critical performance issues by
using IxChariot™ to isolate deteriorating network segments
and devices
• Supported protocols include TCP, UDP, RTP, SPX, IPX and
SNA, as well as IP Multicast
• Leverage Ixia’s market leading Load Modules and Ixia
Performance Endpoints to create wire-speed Layer 2-3 traffic
running in conjunction with application traffic patterns
created by IxChariot™
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxChariot Applications Network layer traffic statistics alone can not predict applica-
tion performance in enterprise and carrier-class broadband
networks. Understanding the impact of packet loss, for
example, is only relevant in the context of specific network
applications. IxChariot™ can be used to achieve peak net-
work and device performance:
Network Equipment Manufacturers – mirror customers‘

networks to validate the performance of equipment.
IxChariot™ identifies the efficiency of QoS implementa-
tions and provides crucial assistance to win RFQs and
Performance Benchmark Tests by proving the competitive
advantage of solutions.
Field Engineers – capture and duplicate customer issues

for rapid problem resolution. Track down hardware and
configuration issues before increased data loads bring
the network to a crawl.
Network Administrators – stage new devices and measure the

implications of protocol and application changes before they
are implemented. Test the performance of ‘best-of-breed’ net-
working equipment before making a purchase commitment.
Silicon Chip Developers – stress test the performance of

processors and reference designs using realistic application
data patterns. IxChariot™ provides easy mechanisms to
rapidly repeat tests across multiple platforms.
Application Developers – emulate the impact of solutions

on customer networks and forecast the effect of increased
application uptake, as well as its relationship with existing
applications and network infrastructures.
Network Service Providers – measure the performance

of Internet and private WAN services to identify application
driven issues before they create customer disappointment.
QA Engineers – verify interoperability for integrated

solutions. Stress test the network and devices to identify
and document extreme case behavior.
920-0001..............................IxChariot™ 5.0, 10 Pairs

920-0002..............................IxChariot™ 5.0, 50 Pairs
920-0003..............................IxChariot™ 5.0, 200 Pairs
920-0004..............................IxChariot™ 5.0, 500 Pairs
920-0005..............................IxChariot™ 5.0, 1250 Pairs
920-0006..............................IxChariot™ 5.0, 2500 Pairs
920-0007..............................IxChariot™ 5.0, 5000 Pairs
Phone 877 FOR IXIA 920-0008..............................IxChariot™ 5.0, 10000 Pairs
www.ixiacom.com
IxExplorer
™
Ixia‘s IxExplorer™ provides a powerful and sophisticated

Graphical User Interface to manage Ixia test hardware. Each
test port can be independently configured with parameters
to define streams, filters, and capture capabilities. In addi-
tion, traffic for various network protocols can be customized,
transmitted, and received on each port. Comprehensive
statistics allow users to perform an in-depth analysis of the
performance of the Device Under Test using tables and
graphical views.
IxExplorer‘s powerful
features help create
and analyze complex
traffic patterns at
wire-speed.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Application Type Client application executable on PCs and workstations

running Microsoft Windows operating systems
Platforms IXIA 100, IXIA 250, IXIA 400T, IXIA 1600T, Optixia
®
Operating Systems Microsoft Windows 95, 98, NT, ME, 2000, XP
Chassis Management Displays and provides control for multiple chassis chains
with up to 256 chassis in each chain
Statistics Multiple views for statistics display, including table

and graphical
Streams Manual control of stream parameters such as frame size,

data patterns, protocols, and rates
Filters Manual control of traffic filtering parameters, such as

addresses, patterns, errors, and frame sizes
Multi-User Login and logout for multi-user management of

individual ports
Protocols Support for IPv4, IPv6, BGP4, BGP4+, OSPFv2/v3,

IS-ISv4/v6, RSVP-TE, LDP, RIP, RIPng, ARP, ICMP,
IGMPv1/v2/v3, MLDv1/v2, PIM-SMv4/v6
Interface Management A tree-like structure in IxExplorer™ provides flexibility

and intuitive control of the Load Modules and their ports.
Multiple types of Load Modules in a single or multiple
chassis can be easily managed by using a simple click
of a mouse button.
Transmit Scheduler There are two modes of transmission available – packet

streams and advanced stream scheduler:
Packet Streams
The packet streams transmit engine generates multiple
streams in sequence, each containing multiple packets with
custom characteristics. After all packets in the first stream
are transmitted, control is passed to the next defined stream
in the sequence. After the last stream in the sequence is
reached, transmission may either cease or control may be
passed on to any other stream in the sequence. Therefore,
multiple streams are cycled through, representing different
traffic profiles to simulate real network traffic.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Advanced Stream Scheduler

The advanced stream scheduler transmit engine can simul-
taneously transmit multiple streams at an aggregate rate.
The advanced stream scheduler programs the streams to
transmit packets in such a manner that satisfies the aggre-
gate rate by scheduling a set of packets to be transmitted
from each stream, thus creating a transmission pattern
with a mixture of packets with variable rates.
Filters Each port can be configured to analyze and count

packets to match a user-defined criteria, such as source
and destination MAC addresses, custom patterns, errors,
and frame size ranges. Custom statistics counters, called
User-Defined Statistics, can be programmed to match
the specified criteria. The filtering mechanism allows
definition of rules, and narrows the number of packets
to be received for analysis.
Capture Each port is equipped with capture memory, which can store
tens of thousands of packets in real time. A comprehensive
set of user-defined triggers and filters is available based on
source and/or destination MAC and/or IP addresses, data
pattern, and error conditions. Decodes for IPv4, IPv6, UDP,
ARP, BGP-4, IS-IS, OSPF, TCP, DHCP, IPX, RIP, IGMP, CISCO
ISL, VLAN, SRP, RPR, and MPLS are provided.
Extensive Statistics and • Real-time 64-Bit counts and frame rates

Real-Time Graphs • Spreadsheet format for convenient manipulation of
statistics counters
• Real-time graphical display of packets transmitted and
received, rates and latency
• User-defined statistics are available that use a trigger condition
• Extended statistics for ARP, ICMP, BGP, OSPF, IS-IS, and RSVP
• External file logging for statistics and alerts
• Audible and visual alerts with user-definable thresholds
Multi-User IxExplorer™ is designed to allow multiple users to independ-

ently access individual ports of every Load Module present
in every chassis. This feature enables users to execute their
own tests on the ports assigned to them without disrupting
the tests being executed by other users on the system.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Scalability IxExplorer™ can display and manage multiple chassis config-

ured in a daisy-chain. IxExplorer™ allows easy configurations
of streams, filters, and protocol parameters on multiple ports
controls transmit, and receive traffic on these ports, and
analyzes statistics in real-time for performance verification.
A single license is included with standard IxOS distributions
IxExplorer™…………….….......... Additional IxExplorer Single License (for remote work station)
IxExplorer-10………….............. 10 IxExplorer™ Licenses
IxExplorer-5…………….............5 IxExplorer™ Licenses
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxScriptMate
Ixia‘s IxScriptMate test application offers users a powerful,
customizable tool to automate any test environment. IxScriptMate
provides a sophisticated Graphical User Interface to configure
custom automated test scenarios and analyze test results.
Utilizing the capabilities of Ixia test hardware Load Modules,
such as wire-speed traffic generation, filtering, capturing, and
statistics gathering, IxScriptMate provides a rich suite of pre-
built tests based on industry standard RFCs and customer
requirements. IxScriptMate is written in the industry standard
test scripting language, Tcl/Tk, which provides benefits such
as faster time to market and cross-platform compatibility. Ixia
also provides a Tcl API for custom application development.
IxScriptMate offers a powerful customizable

tool to automate any test environment.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Application Type Client application executable on workstations running

Microsoft Windows, UNIX, or Linux
Platforms IXIA 100, IXIA 250, IXIA 400T, IXIA 1600T, Optixia®
Operating Systems Microsoft Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, XP, Sun Solaris
UNIX, Linux
Pre-built Tests RFC 2544, RFC 2889, IP Multicast, QoS, IPv4/IPv6

Tunneling, BGP, L2 VPN (Martini), L3 VPN (RFC 2547 bis),
LDP, OSPF, RSVP, VPLS, ATSS, MATS
Configuration Multiple views for statistics display
Reports Summary reports in text and CSV formats
Multi-User Login and logout for multi-user management of individual

ports within each test
Interface Management A tree-like structure in IxScriptMate allows easy navigation

among pre-built tests. The interface also includes convenient
access to test execution tasks such as multi-user login, and
starting and stopping tests with a single click of a button.
The Tcl scripts generated by IxScriptMate can easily be
organized to run separately from a Tcl command line and
may be customized for special test scenarios.
Test Setup There are four input tabs available for users to customize
a test to specific needs:
1. The System Setup tab contains generic user information for

use in the summary reports, file naming ability, and chassis
connection information.
2. The Port Setup tab provides convenient display of all ports

available in the chassis or the chain of chassis configured.
3. The Traffic Setup tab contains common test information,

such as frame sizes, learning or ARPing setup, and traffic
map setup, including information specific to the protocols
to be used.
4. The Run Setup tab contains information regarding the test

duration, number of trials, iterations, and other information
specific to the selected test.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxScriptMate tests follow a general methodology and are

designed as independent sequences of operations thus
maintaining consistency and easier management.
Logs and Results IxScriptMate tests display a log of real-time operations

performed by the test. For example, it clearly displays the
information when the ports are being configured at data
and network layers, when the ports simulating clients trans-
mit MAC learning frames or ARP requests, when data is
being generated, and when statistics are being collected.
The summary of the test results is shown in the Results win-
dow and can be saved to a user-specified file for later analysis.
Multi-User IxScriptMate is designed to allow multiple users to inde-

pendently access individual ports of every Load Module
present in every chassis. This enables users to execute indi-
vidual tests on the ports assigned to them without disrupting
the tests being executed by other users on the system.
Pre-built Automated Tests A full suite of Tcl automated tests are available to verify the
performance of switches, routers, and IP networks. The tests
are specifically designed for all aspects of product deploy-
ment, from development and quality assurance, to manufac-
turing and deployment of networks. IxScriptMate addresses
different segments of the industry and development environ-
ments such as:
• IETF RFC based tests such as RFC 2544 and RFC 2889
• Technology-based tests such as Quality of Service, IP
Multicast, IPv4/IPv6 Tunneling, BGP, L2 VPN (Martini),
L3 VPN (RFC 2547 bis), LDP, OSPF, RSVP, VPLS, ATSS
and MATS
• Manufacturing-based tests such as ATSS and MATS
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
TCL SCRIPT-RFC.......................RFC 2544 and RFC 2889 Test Suites
TCL SCRIPT-MCTS....................IP Multicast Test Suite
TCL SCRIPT-QoS...................... Quality of Service Test Suite
TCL SCRIPT-ATSS..................... Advanced Tcl Script Suite
TCL SCRIPT-MATS.................... Multiport Advanced Test Suite
TCL SCRIPT-BGP4....................BGP-4 Test Suite
TCL SCRIPT-OSPF..................... OSPF Test Suite
TCL SCRIPT-MPLS.....................MPLS RSVP-TE Test Suite
TCL SCRIPT-LDP........................LDP Test Suite
TCL SCRIPT-L2VPN...................L2 VPN (per draft Martini) Test Suite
TCL SCR-IPv4IPv6....................Tunneling Test Suite
TCL SCRIPT-L3VPN...................L3 VPN (per RFC 2547 bis) Test Suite
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxVPN
IxVPN provides Network Equipment Manufacturers, Service
Providers, and organizations deploying IPSec VPNs with
an extremely scalable performance analysis solution for
validating the performance of IPSec VPN gateways.
IxVPN utilizes Ixia‘s Load Modules that have a per-port CPU

running the Linux operating system. Each port implements
a full IPSec and IKE protocol stack and can emulate thou-
sands of Secure Gateways and clients, creating thousands
of IPSec tunnels. Using multiple ports, a single Ixia test
system can scale to test the largest IPSec VPN gateways
and networks.
Once the tunnels are set up, IxVPN measures the encryption
and decryption performance of the IPSec gateway using the
RFC 2544 methodology. IxChariot can be used for longer
term tests and to emulate customer traffic over IPSec tunnels.
Device Under Test
IPSec Gateway
IPSec Tunnels
IP Network
Protected Hosts
Secure Gateways
Emulated
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Load Modules Supported • TXS 10/100/1000 Mbps Copper (LM1000TXS4)

• TXS Gigabit Fiber (LM1000SFPS4)
• ALM1000T8
IPSec Parameters • AH, ESP or a combination

• Encryption algorithm: DES, 3DES, AES 128, AES 192,
AES 256
• Encapsulation mode: Tunnel mode and transport mode
• Hash/Authentication algorithm: MD5, SHA-1
• DH group: Group 1, Group 2, Group 5
• Phase I authentication method: Certificates, Pre-shared keys
• Tunnel lifetime
• Perfect Forward Secrecy
Tests • Maximum number of tunnels supported by DUT

• Tunnel setup rate
• Re-key tests to test long term stability
• Digital certificate capability (CA support)
Statistics • Tunnel capacity, Tunnel setup latency, Tunnel setup rate,

Tunnel attempts and failures
• Latency statistics per phase (IKE phase and IPSec phase)
• Re-key attempts, failures, and re-key rate
• Encryption and decryption latency, Encryption and decryp-
tion throughput, Packets/Bytes encrypted and decrypted
• Real-time statistics, CSV, and html test logs
• Aggregate and per-tunnel statistics
Addressing • Each emulated gateway has a unique IP and a unique

MAC address
• Multiple hosts behind each emulated gateway
• Multiple Phase 2 SAs per Phase 1 SA
Diagnostics • Diagnostic messages per-tunnel and per-phase
Automation • Tcl API for automation and custom test case development
Ease-of-Use IxVPN makes it very easy to configure a large number of

tunnels with varying IPSec parameters. Users can assign
a percentage distribution to each of the options and the
application will automatically create the mix of IPSec tun-
nels. Users can quickly create very complex test scenarios
in a few simple steps using an intuitive GUI interface.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Test Suites Tunnel Capacity

• Measures the maximum number of concurrent tunnels that
can be sustained by the Device Under Test (DUT)
Tunnel Setup Rate

• Measures the rate at which tunnels are set up by the DUT
` • Reports setup rate as a function of the number of tunnels
established on the DUT
Re-keying
• Measures re-key rate and failures
• Designed to test long-term stability of IPSec VPNs
IxChariot traffic over VPN tunnels

• Send a variety of application traffic over the IPSec tunnels
to assess the impact on application performance
• Real-time graphs showing end-to-end throughput and latency
RFC 2544 test over IPSec tunnels

• Measures encryption and decryption throughput, latency
per RFC 2544
• Varying packet sizes
• Per-tunnel performance
Statistics and Diagnostics IxVPN reports all the statistics in real-time in a graphical
format. Logs are also available. In addition to aggregate
statistics across all the tunnels, per-tunnel statistics are
available in real-time. Statistics are provided on a per-phase
basis helping to isolate performance problems.
To assist in troubleshooting tunnel setup issues, extensive

diagnostic information, on a per-tunnel basis, is provided.
Automation All aspects of testing with IxVPN can be completely automated.

A Tcl Application Program Interface (API) is available for
integration of IxVPN test capabilities into environments that
require complete automation.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Digital Certificates In addition to pre-shared keys, IxVPN also supports any

standards compliant Certificate Authority (CA). IxVPN can
be configured to get a certificate from a third party CA.
This makes large scale configurations much easier to set
up and creates a real-world test scenario.
Per-tunnel statistics
Tunnel Diagnostics
Setup rate vs. number of IPSec tunnels
IxVPN....................................Application for testing IPSec devices
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxWeb
IxWeb is a high performance traffic generation and analysis
application that can simulate real-world traffic scenarios at
the TCP and application layers. Manufacturers and users of
content switches, Web servers, server load balancers, intru-
sion detection systems, and firewalls can stress test, check
forwarding policies, and verify the Layer 4-7 performance
of their devices in a controlled lab environment.
IxWeb utilizes Ixia‘s Load Modules that have a per-port CPU

running the Linux operating system. Each port implements
a full TCP/IP protocol stack and can emulate a large number
of users, creating thousands of sessions from a single test
port. Using multiple ports, a single Ixia test configuration can
scale to millions of sessions, enabling the testing of large
content aware devices and networks.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
TCP Connection setup rate, connection teardown rate: 3-way

and 4-way close, programmable TCP parameters
HTTP 1.0 and 1.1 Client Methods: GET, POST, PUT, HEAD, DELETE
and Server HTTP Client and Server header specification
SSL Client and Server Versions: SSLv2, SSLv3, TLS1.0, cipher suites including DES,
3DES, RC4, MD5, SHA, Client Certificates and Private Key,
Session Resumption, linear and round-robin cipher list cycling
FTP Client and Server Commands: GET, PUT, LOGIN, RETRIEVE, STORE, QUIT
Modes: Active and Passive, Global and command level
username and password specification
Traffic Setup Multiple Layer 7 protocols per port

Ramp-up, ramp-down user sessions – linear and
adaptive modes
Mixed Full and Performance stack modes for functional
and high throughput testing
Think times to emulate user behavior
Automation API for automation and custom test case development
Load Modules Supported TXS 10/100/1000 Mbps Copper (LM1000TXS4)

TXS Gigabit Fiber (LM1000SFPS4 and LM100TXS8)
ALM1000T8
Scalability IxWeb utilizes the powerful architecture of Ixia’s Load

Modules to generate large numbers of TCP, HTTP, FTP, and
SSL sessions at very high rates. Increased session counts
and rates can be achieved by simply adding additional test
ports to the existing chassis. This makes the configuration
and management of the test extremely simple, even for
extremely large scale testing.
Flexible Traffic Set Up By providing numerous user profiles that represent multiple
virtual client LANs and server farms, sophisticated network
environments can be simulated. Thousands of unique IP
addresses can be specified per port, each with their own
VLAN ID, gateway and a virtual IP (VIP). Traffic for multiple
Layer 7 protocols, such as HTTP, SSL, and FTP can be mixed
on a single port within a user profile.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxWeb can configure sessions to simulate users in routed,

switched and NATed environments. To further test real-world
scenarios, IxWeb can modify TCP parameters and provides
the functionality of emulating users connecting via various
access mechanisms, such as dial-up modem and DSL. Added
realism is possible by emulating user behavior by configur-
ing “Think Times” (the time interval between user activities).
Extensive Statistics IxWeb provides extensive real-time statistics, as well as

recorded logs, which can automatically be exported to
standard file formats, enabling custom report generation.
Once the test is complete, extensive reports can be
generated in a variety of file formats including HTML.
TCP Tests The performance of Layer 4 Web devices, including Server

Load Balancers, can be verified by utilizing the automated
TCP tests built into IxWeb. These tests allow users to meas-
ure the maximum rates at which the DUT can set up and
tear down TCP connections. The high rates generated by
these tests can stress test the most advanced switches,
Server Load Balancers and firewalls.
SSL Tests IxWeb’s support for SSL allows users to simulate large
numbers of SSL client sessions accessing secure web sites.
IxWeb generates true SSL handshakes and HTTPS function-
ality. Control over the SSL version numbers and various
cipher suites, including RC4, DES, 3DES, SHA, and MD5,
enables generation of customized SSL traffic. This traffic,
between Ixia client ports and DUTs, includes SSL accelerators
and content switches with SSL termination.
FTP IxWeb can emulate thousands of FTP users downloading

large files, and the corresponding devices that deliver the
large volume of data required. IxWeb provides flexible
user configurations and comprehensive statistics to measure
the maximum number of simultaneous FTP users and the
throughput of the content switches, load balancers, servers,
and firewalls. Sequences of user commands can be gener-
ated including GET, PUT, LOGIN, RETRIEVE, STORE, and
QUIT to emulate real transactions.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Automation All aspects of testing with IxWeb can be completely auto-

mated. An Application Program Interface (API) is available
for integration of IxWeb test capabilities into environments
that require complete automation.
IxWeb-ADV.............................Layer 7 Test Application with Multiple Subnets, VLAN,

TCP, HTTP, FTP
IxWeb-SSL Client..................... Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Test Software emulating SSL Clients
IxWeb-SSL Server.....................Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Test Software emulating SSL

Servers. Requires IxWeb-ADV, and IxWeb-SSL Client
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
WebLOAD
WebLOAD enables customers to verify Web applications
for accuracy, as well as for performance and scalability.
With WebLOAD, testing applications can be optimized
with Web-centric solutions, allowing companies to maximize
Return On Investment (ROI) by increasing the efficiency of
their existing platforms.
WebLOAD’s flexible architecture coupled with Ixia‘s family

of hardware test Load Modules, offers high port density and
reduced costs with an extremely scalable testing solution.
System Under Test
Probing Clients
Switch
Central Console
Web Database
Servers Servers
Virtual Clients
WebLOAD recreates the traffic of thousands of virtual

users, stressing Web applications and server farms.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Integrated Solution WebLOAD seamlessly integrates server performance data

from Windows, Linux, and UNIX platforms to provide
critical information, including CPU use and memory con-
sumption for the machines hosting the Web application.
WebLOAD easily integrates and correlates performance
and system information data, creating a comprehensive
diagnostic analysis of the Web application. Graphical
or statistical regression test sessions can be configured
for detailed analysis on the effects of any changes to the
application during the test, or once it is complete.
Key Features • Load Profiler: Graphically define the traffic load pattern
for each test
• Real-Time Metrics: Monitor test metrics while in progress
• Real Network Simulation: Effectively generate thousands
of virtual users creating realistic load generation and net-
work replication
• Supported Protocols: HTTP, SSL, SMTP, POP3, TCP, UDP,
TELNET, FTP, WAP, and many others
• Enhanced Recording: Automatically generate test scripts
in JavaScript, and record data returning from the server
for verification
• Predefined Report Portfolios: Create ready-to-run groups of
reports, each consisting of different test session subjects
• Pass/Fail Definitions: Quickly and easily determine a test‘s
success or failure
Reporting • Automatic Verifications: Quickly find and analyze specific

bottlenecks within an application
• Performance Monitor and SNMP Integration: Integrate client
and server’s performance data from Windows NT, UNIX,
Weblogic, and Oracle Performance Monitors providing
a complete performance picture of the Web application
being tested
• Comprehensive Performance Metrics: Over 75 predefined per-
formance metrics for maximum testing flexibility and accuracy
• Regression Test Analysis: Save test scenarios for accurate
before/after comparisons, and for re-executing test sessions
and regression testing
Technology • Agenda Preview: Visually playback and step through

a recorded or scripted agenda through a browser window
• Integrated Scalability and Integrity Testing: Unify load and
performance testing into a single process for shortened
deployment cycles and verification of Web application
scalability and integrity prior to deployment
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
• Virtual Client Throttle: Dynamically adjust the load size

during the test session
• NATIVE Standards Support: HTML, DHTML, XML,* VXML,*
WAP, Java, and IP, all in a single script
Open Standards Approach JavaScript

WebLOAD Test Agendas utilize the industry standard lan-
guage, JavaScript, which maximizes flexibility by leverag-
ing the methods, functions, and documentation that are
readily available in the application development process.
Internet Open Standards

Internet and other industry standards are supported for com-
prehensive testing and analysis of the most sophisticated,
N-tier Web applications. WebLOAD supports the DOM,
XML,* VXML,* Java, Enterprise Java Beans, WAP, JavaScript,
HTTP/S, SNMP, and Media Streaming (MS)* technologies.
Extensive Performance WebLOAD offers a comprehensive range of standard and

Statistics customizable performance measures and reports that can
be used to identify bottlenecks, fine tune infrastructure, and
isolate problems quickly and efficiently. WebLOAD has
automated, out-of-the box support for the most common
Web application tools.
Metrics and Reports WebLOAD provides over 75 real-time graphical and

statistical results of test sessions, and automatically creates
individual timers and counters for each request, resulting
in customized performance metrics for any operation. Test
execution statistics can be viewed in real-time to quickly
get an overview of the test performance. WebLOAD incor-
porates built-in report templates to provide users with a fast
and easy way to view and share their session results. These
can be automatically exported to HTML, Excel, or tab-delim-
ited format for easy reference and analysis.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA * Supported on Windows only

www.ixiacom.com
WL50.................................... WebLOAD Software License, Single Console,

50 Virtual Clients
WL100.................................. WebLOAD Software License, Single Console,

100 Virtual Clients

300 Virtual Clients

500 Virtual Clients
WL1000................................ WebLOAD Software License, Single Console,

1000 Virtual Clients


Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Routing Protocols Ixia p. 52
IPv6 Emulation
Software Suite
IP version 6 (IPv6) is the newest version of the Internet
Protocol, designed as the successor to IP version 4. IPv6
enhances IP by greatly extending its addressing capabili-
ties, simplifying the IP header format, providing for the
labeling of flows, and adding authentication and privacy
capabilities. Ixia’s IPv6 Emulation Software Suite provides
a complete set of verification tools designed to facilitate
the migration from IPv4 to IPv6. The IPv6 Emulation
Software Suite provides both protocol conformance and
performance solutions for IPv6 in conjunction with Ixia’s
dedicated hardware test platform.
The IPv6 Emulation Software Suite is supported on all of

Ixia’s Ethernet, Packet Over SONET (POS), and ATM Load
Modules supporting a CPU per port. This integrated solution
allows for seamless migration of tests to next generation
platforms supporting mixed IPv4/IPv6 stacks.
Ixia Port
Ixia Port
IPv6 Hosts
BGP
Ixia Port
IPv4 Network
l
RIPng ne
Tun Dual Stack
Router
Dual Stack IS-IS

Router
IPv4/IPv6 Network
IPv6 Network
IPv6 Network
System Under Test
Ixia Port
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Key Features • IPv6 conformance testing utilizing Ixia’s IxANVL test suites
• IPv6 traffic generation and analysis at wire speed
• IPv6 network topology emulation
• Simultaneous IPv4 and IPv6 traffic generation for testing
dual-stack and tunneling migration methodologies
• IPv6 encodes and decodes on all Ethernet, POS, and
ATM interfaces
• IPv6 router identification through neighbor discovery
• Supported protocols: IS-ISv6, BGP+, RIPng, OSPFv3,
PIM-SMv6, and MLDv1/v2
Protocol Emulation Ixia’s IPv6 Emulation Software Suite enables the performance
and Validation validation of mixed IPv4/IPv6 and IPv6 only devices. Users
can validate ICMPv6 as per RFC 2463, Neighbor Discovery
Protocol as per RFC 2461, Address Auto-configuration as per
RFC 2462, and Path MTU Discovery protocols. All routing
protocols, BGP+, OSPFv3, IS-ISv6, and RIPng, can be emu-
lated while line rate IPv4/IPv6 traffic is being generated
and analyzed. Multicast routing emulation is also supported
with PIM-SMv6 as well as IP Multicast with MLDv1/v2.
Conformance Validation Ixia‘s IPv6 Emulation Software can verify device compliance
with IPv6 standards using Ixia’s IxANVL automated confor-
mance test. This test suite includes over 110 tests based
on IPv6 IETF standards RFC 2460, RFC 2464, and RFC 2472
for hosts and routers. Users can quickly discover IPv6
implementation errors by running IxANVL‘s high log level
(pass/fail) test. More detailed results, including packet
decodes, can also be viewed by running the test suite‘s
medium and low log levels.
IxANVL is written in ANSI C and provides both a GUI and

command line interface. The test suite includes source code
access, allowing users to easily customize tests or add new
ones by adding or modifying code. Users can also add
scripts to automate processes such as rebooting the Device
Under Test.
IxExplorer Integrated The Ixia IPv6 Emulation Software Suite is seamlessly inte-
grated into IxExplorer, Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI)
software for data and control plane testing. IPv6 traffic
streams can be created automatically to advertised routes.
Traffic statistics can also be logged and graphed.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Tcl Support Automated scripts can be quickly created using the Tcl
scripting environment. Alternatively, the IxExplorer GUI can
be used to set up a test configuration, then Ixia’s ScriptGen
utility used to translate the GUI settings to Tcl code with
minimal commands. Tcl support is available on Windows
and UNIX platforms.
Requirements • IXIA 100, 250, 400T, 1600T, or Optixia chassis

®
• At least one of the following Ixia Load Modules:

LM100TXS8 (10/100), LM1000TXS4 (10/100/1000),
LM1000SFPS4 (Fiber Gigabit Ethernet), 10 Gigabit
Ethernet, OC-3c/12c/48c/192c (STM-1c/4c/16c/64c)
Packet Over SONET, OC-3/12 ATM
• IxExplorer licensed software
BGP4-01P..............................BGP-4 emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
BGP4-03P..............................BGP IPv6 support (requires BGP4-01P module)
OSPFv3-01P...........................OSPFv3 emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
RIPng-01P..............................RIPng emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
ISIS-01P.................................IS-IS emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
ISIS-02P.................................IS-IS IPv6 support (requires ISIS-01P)
ISIS-B1P................................. IS-IS IPv6 Bundle: ISIS-01P, ISIS-02P
Routing-B2P............................IPv6 Bundle: BGP4-01P, -03P, ISIS-01P, -02P, RIPng-01P
MCAST-01P............................Multicast emulation for CPU per port Load Modules

(IGMP, MLD, and PIM-SM)
TCLSCR-IPV4IPV6................... IPv4/IPv6 Tunneling Test Suite - requires RIPng-01P
See IxANVL for IPv6 ordering information.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
RIP and RIPng

Emulation Software
Ixia’s RIP Emulation Software allows users to test routers
and networks quickly and efficiently. RIP Version 1, RIP
Version 2, and RIPng (for IPv6 networks) are all supported.
Ixia’s IxExplorer Graphical User Interface (GUI) makes con-
figuration simple. Routes are advertised by simply entering
the IP addresses of the emulated routers and the desired
route ranges. In addition, advertised routes can be flapped
on demand, and emulated routers can be removed or
added as required. Each Ixia test port can support multiple
routing protocols simultaneously while also generating
wire-speed data traffic.
By using multiple Ixia ports, large network configurations

can be emulated with a single Ixia chassis. By emulating
realistic configurations, Ixia can perform real world stress
testing of routers and networks. In addition, IP traffic can
be generated to validate route updates, as well as to cap-
ture metrics such as packet loss and forwarding rates of
the router or network under test.
System Under Test
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Local IP Addresses IPv4/v6 notation format
Transmit Packet Mode RIP - Multicast (default), Broadcast V1, or Broadcast V2

RIPng - Multicast
Receive RIP Packet Mode RIP - Version 1, Version 2 (default), or Version 1+2
RIPng - Version 1
Response Mode RIP - Split Horizon

RIPng - Split Horizon, Poison Reverse
Update Interval Configurable, default 30 seconds
Update Interval Offset Configurable, default set to 5 seconds
Route Ranges Configurable parameters: Route IP address, Route Tag,

Network Mask, Next Hop, and Metric
Flapping Individual routers and routes can be flapped
Additional Features Tcl APIs, ScriptGen (Tcl script auto generator) and wire-
speed traffic generation. Multiple protocol emulations
can be run concurrently on a single port
Emulation Flexibility Each Ixia test port is capable of emulating multiple RIP
routers at distinct addresses. Routing tables for the emulated
routers are configured by the user and sent out at regular
intervals, with a configurable randomizing factor. Configu-
rations can be edited on the fly while the protocol is run-
ning, providing a high level of testing flexibility.
With RIP, either Version 1 or Version 2 packet formats may

be sent via multicast or broadcast (for compatibility with
Version 1 routers). Received packets may be filtered for
Version 1 or Version 2 compatibility. With RIPng, Version 1
packets may be sent via multicast. In addition, the stream
encode feature provides users with further flexibility in
manipulating an existing configuration or conducting
negative testing.
Scalability Thousands of RIP sessions and millions of routes can be

supported on a single IXIA 1600T chassis populated with
CPU per port Load Modules. Multiple protocols can be run
simultaneously in conjunction with line-rate traffic. In addi-
tion, links and routes can be flapped to dynamically assess
Phone 877 FOR IXIA how a router will behave under adverse network conditions.
www.ixiacom.com
When a route range is flapped, the respective routes are

withdrawn from the router. When interfaces or routers are
disabled, the respective interface(s) will not generate or
respond to RIP control plane messages.
and UNIX platforms.
Requirements • IXIA 100, 250, 400T, 1600T, or Optixia® chassis

• RIP and RIPng – At least one of the following Ixia Load
Modules: 10/100 Mbps Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet,
10 Gigabit Ethernet, OC-3c/12c/48c/192c (STM-
1c/4c/16c/64c) Packet Over SONET, OC-3/12 ATM
IETF Standards • RIP Version 2 according to RFC 2453

• RIPng for IPv6 according to RFC 2080
• RIPng Protocol Applicability Statement according
to RFC 2081
RIP-01P................................... RIPv2 emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
RIPng-01P............................... RIPng emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
Routing-B1P............................. IPv4 Bundle: BGP4-01P, ISIS-01P, OSPF-01P, RIP-01P
Routing-B2P............................. IPv6 Bundle: BGP4-01P, -03P, ISIS-01P, -02P, RIPng-01P
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
OSPFv2 and OSPFv3

Emulation Software
Ixia’s OSPF Emulation Software is a scalable and flexible
solution for testing routers or router systems for OSPF route
capacity and performance. Both OSPFv2 and OSPFv3
for IPv6 networks are supported. OSPF topologies can be
simulated using a grid with multiple routers making it easy
to create complicated scenarios. Network ranges can be
defined using broadcast or point-to-point link types. With
OSPFv2, traffic engineering can be enabled on a per-router
or a per-link basis and the state machine provides a listing
of learned LSAs for each interface. This makes it easy to
verify the Link State Database (LSDB). In addition, interface
state descriptions can be viewed on a diagnostic port
trace to aid in debugging.
Ixia’s Routing Protocol Emulations are extremely scalable.

By using multiple test ports, large network configurations
can be set up with a single Ixia chassis system. By emulat-
ing realistic configurations, Ixia can perform real world
stress testing of routers and networks. Multiple Ixia routing
protocol emulations can be run simultaneously on each
port, and wire-speed traffic can be generated to test the
data and control planes.
Area 1
Area 0
System Under Test
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
OSPFv2 LSAs Supported Router, Network, Summary, Summary type 4, AS-External,

Traffic Engineering Opaque LSAs
OSPFv3 LSAs Supported Router, Network, Inter-Area-Prefix, Inter-Area-Router,

AS-External, Link, Intra-Area-Prefix
Router Types Supported Intra-Area Routers, Area Border Routers, and AS

Boundary Routers
Adjacency Timers Hello and Dead intervals configurable
Area ID Configurable in decimal or IP notation format
Network Types Supported Point-to-Point and Broadcast
Messages Supported Hello, Database Description, Link State Request, Link State
Update, Link State Acknowledgement
Protocol Statistics OSPF Sessions Configured, OSPF Neighbors in full state
Learned LSA Functionality Summarized list of LSA headers learned per interface.
(OSPFv2 only) This includes Link State ID, Advertising Router, Link Type,
Sequence Number, and LSA age. The list can be filtered
based on Link State ID, Advertising Router, and LSA types
Learned LSA Statistics Total count of LSAs learned as well as counts per LSA type
(OSPFv2 only)
Emulation Flexibility Ixia provides several configuration modes for OSPF emu-
lation testing. The first is the router paradigm mode where
minimal OSPF knowledge is required. Routers, interfaces,
and routes are created based on IP addresses, Network
Masks, Network Type, Area ID, and Route Origins. This
information is then used to construct and flood the appro-
priate Link State Advertisements (LSAs) in the respective
adjacencies. Each emulated router is capable of advertising
thousands of intra-area and external type routes.
The second mode, user LSAs, allows users to directly con-

figure LSAs. Tips, pull-downs, and checkboxes are used
to facilitate data entry. LSAs can originate from one user-
defined LSA group or be segmented based on routers,
areas, or test scenarios. Tcl Scripts can also be used to
quickly generate thousands of user-defined LSA packets.
The third mode, stream encode, provides users with further

flexibility in manipulating an existing configuration or con-
ducting negative testing.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Scalability Thousands of OSPF sessions and millions of routes can be

supported on a single Ixia chassis with CPU per port Load
Modules. Each interface can create a grid as large as 200
x 200. In addition, links and routes can be flapped to dy-
namically assess how the router will behave under adverse
network conditions.
Multi-Protocol Support Ixia’s family of emulation software can be run simultane-

ously on one or many ports in conjunction with line-rate
traffic to simulate realistic Internet scenarios. For MPLS/
RSVP-TE testing, OSPF Traffic Engineering LSAs can be
injected into a System Under Test (SUT) to create realistic
MPLS configurations (OSPFv2 only). In addition, custom
TLV encoding can be used to create various scenarios.
IxExplorer Integrated Ixia’s OSPF Emulation Software is installed as an add-on

to IxExplorer, Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI) software
for data and control plane testing. The IxExplorer software
exposes many of the packet parameters so that complex
IP packets can be created. Traffic statistics can be logged
and graphed. In addition, OSPF encodes are available
to facilitate negative state and session testing.
Easy-to-Use GUI The spreadsheet GUI in IxExplorer and in the OSPF

Emulation Software facilitates the entry of large configura-
tions. Users can customize a test environment by displaying
only the stream and protocol parameters relevant to the
test. Select a range of cells, and then increment, decre-
ment, or set to the first value in the range. Once a network
topology is created, it can be easily copied across any sup-
ported Ixia interface. Just click on an emulated router or
route range and select copy. Click on another port and
then paste. Large configurations can be easily set up this
way
to create intricate tests.
scripting environment. Alternatively, the IxExplorer GUI
can be used to set up a test configuration, then Ixia’s
ScriptGen utility used to translate the GUI settings to Tcl
code with minimal commands. Tcl support is available
on Windows and UNIX platforms.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com

• OSPFv2 and OSPFv3: at least one of the following Ixia
Load Modules - 10/100 Mbps Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet,
10 Gigabit Ethernet, OC-3c/12c/48c/192c Packet Over
SONET, and OC3/12 ATM
IETF Standards • OSPF Version 2 according to RFC 2328

• OSPF for IPv6 according to RFC 2740
• The OSPF Opaque LSA Option according to RFC 2370
• Traffic Engineering Extensions to OSPF Version 2 according
to draft-katz-yeung-ospf-traffic-10.txt
OSPF-01P.............................. OSPFv2 emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
OSPFv3-01P...........................OSPFv3 emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
Tcl Script-OSPF....................... OSPF Tcl Script Test Suite (Requires OSPF-01P or OSPF-01S)
OSPF-B1S..............................OSPFv2 Bundle: OSPF-01S, Tcl Script-OSPF
OSPF-B1P.............................. OSPFv2 Bundle: OSPF-01P, Tcl Script-OSPF
Routing-B1P............................IPv4 Bundle: BGP4-01P, ISIS-01P, OSPF-01P, RIP-01P
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IS-IS and IS-ISv6

Emulation Software
Ixia’s IS-IS Emulation Software enables users to test IS-IS
routers and networks quickly and efficiently. An IS-IS net-
work is created by simply listing emulated routers, inter-
faces, and route ranges. Alternatively, a router grid can
be quickly configured by specifying the number of rows
and columns of routers. Ixia translates the network infor-
mation and constructs the appropriate Link State PDUs
(LSPs) for flooding. Routers and networks can also be
stress tested by changing network conditions. Advertised
routes can be flapped on demand. Interfaces and routers
can emulate a downed link.
Ixia’s routing protocol emulations are extremely scalable.

By using multiple test ports, large network configurations
can be set up with a single Ixia chassis. By emulating
realistic configurations, Ixia can perform real world stress
testing of routers and networks. Multiple Ixia routing
protocol emulations can be run simultaneously on each
port, and wire-speed traffic can be generated to test the
data and control planes. The IPv6 extensions of IS-IS
can be tested using Ixia’s CPU per port Load Modules.
Level 1
Level 2
System Under Test
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Router Types Supported Level 1, Level 2, and Level 1+2
Network Type Supported Point-to-Point and Broadcast
Maximum Area Addresses 0 to 254; default 3
Adjacency Parameters Interface IP addresses, Mask, Metric, ID, Hello Interval,

Dead Interval, LSP Refresh Rate, LSP Lifetime, Max LSP Size
Route Range Parameters Route IP addresses, Mask, Metric, IP Type (IPv4 or IPv6),
Router Origin
Network Range (Grid) Route IP addresses, Mask, Metric, Router IDs, number of
Parameters Rows, number of Columns, Entry Row, Entry Column, Link
Type, IP Type (IPv4 or IPv6)
Traffic Engineering Link Metric, Administrator Group, Maximum Bandwidth,

Maximum Reservable Bandwidth, Unreserved Bandwidth
(Priority 0-7), TE Path
Flapping Individual links and routes can be flapped
Peer Statistics Adjacencies Configured and Established
Additional Features Tcl APIs, ScriptGen (Tcl script auto generator) and wire
speed traffic generation. Multiple protocol emulations
can be run concurrently on a single test port
Emulation Flexibility Ixia’s IS-IS Emulation Software constructs and floods the
appropriate LSPs based on network information entered
using router, interface, and route range methodology.
A test can be configured with just five inputs. Multiple
routers can be emulated on each physical port and each
emulated router can have multiple interfaces, each config-
urable to a Level 1, Level 2, or a Level 1+2 interface
or circuit type.
Scalability Thousands of IS-IS sessions and millions of routes can be

supported on an IXIA 1600T chassis populated with CPU
per port Load Modules. Multiple protocols can be run
simultaneously in conjunction with wire-speed traffic. In
addition, links and routes can be flapped to dynamically
assess how a router will behave under adverse network
conditions. When a route range is flapped, the respective
routes are withdrawn from the router. When interfaces
or routers are disabled, the respective interface(s) will not
Phone 877 FOR IXIA generate a response to IS-IS control plane messages.
www.ixiacom.com

ously on one or many ports to simulate realistic network
scenarios. Generate up to line rate traffic to advertised
routes. Learn which routes are entered into the forwarding
table when identical routes are learned from an internal
and external protocol.
Easy-to-Use GUI The spreadsheet GUI in IxExplorer and in the IS-IS Emu-
lation Software facilitates the entry of large configurations.
Users can customize a test environment by displaying only
the stream and protocol parameters relevant to the test.
Select a range of cells and then increment, decrement, or
set to the first value in the range. Once a network topology
is created, it can be copied easily across any supported
Ixia interface. Just click on an emulated router or route
range and select copy. Click on another port and then
just paste. Large configurations can be easily set up this
way to create intricate tests.
utility used to translate the GUI settings to Tcl code with min-
imal commands. Tcl support is available on Windows and
UNIX platforms.

• IS-IS and IS-ISv6: at least one of the following Ixia Load
Modules – 10/100 Mbps Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet,
10 Gigabit Ethernet, OC-3c/12c/48c/192c (STM-
1c/4c/16c/64c) Packet Over SONET, OC-3/12 ATM
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IETF Standards • IS-IS intra-domain routing protocol according to

ISO/IEC 10589
• Use of OSI IS-IS for Routing in TCP/IP and Dual
Environments according to RFC 1195
• Routing IPv6 with IS-IS according to draft-ietf-isis-ipv6-02.txt
• IS-IS extensions for Traffic Engineering according to
draft-ietf-isis-traffic-04.txt
ISIS-01P...................................IS-IS emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
ISIS-02P...................................IS-IS IPv6 support (requires ISIS-01P)
ISIS-B1P...................................IS-IS IPv6 Bundle: ISIS-01P, ISIS-02P
Routing-B1P............................. IPv4 Bundle: BGP4-01P, ISIS-01P, OSPF-01P, RIP-01P
Routing-B2P............................. IPv6 Bundle: BGP4-01P, -03P, ISIS-01P, -02P, RIPng-01P
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
BGP and BGP+

Emulation Software
Ixia’s BGP Emulation Software offers an extensive set of
features for testing the performance and scalability of BGP
routers running over IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks. All
mandatory and many additional BGP attributes are exposed
to facilitate complex network configurations. Any combi-
nation of peers can be defined as intra-autonomous (I-BGP)
routers and inter-autonomous (E-BGP) routers. Hundreds
of BGP peers can be simulated and millions of routes can
be advertised from a single Ixia test port.
Multiple Ixia protocol emulations can be run simultaneously

on each test port in conjunction with wire-speed data traffic
to simultaneously test the data and control planes. Configu-
rations can be created or changed while the BGP state
machine is running, providing on-the-fly testing scenarios.
Traffic streams can be automatically generated for sending
data across advertised BGP routes. Customized traffic
streams can be configured with Ixia’s IxExplorer, well-
renowned for its traffic generation and analysis flexibility.
AS40
AS10
EBGP
EBGP
AS30
AS20
System Under Test
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Emulation Capabilities Each port can contain any combination of IPv4, IPv6,
MPLS (IPv4/IPv6), and L3 VPN (IPv4/IPv6) sessions
Peer Types Each port can contain any combination of Internal,

External, and Multi-hop peers
Route Prefix Range Up to 232 route prefixes can be specified in a route

range entry
Configurable Attributes AS-Path (AS-Sequence, AS-Set, Confederation Sequence,

Confederation Set), Next Hop, Origin, Local Preference,
Multi-Exit Discriminator, Community, Atomic Aggregate,
Aggregator, Originator ID, Cluster List
Flapping Individual links and routes can be flapped up and down

time intervals set in seconds
Staggered Start Multiple BGP peers can be started simultaneously or in

a staggered interval
Statistics Extensive peer, route, and error statistics, error statistics

include Open Error Notification, Update Error, and
Header Error Statistics
Peer Statistics AS Number, Hold Timer, ID, and IP addresses
Emulation Flexibility Validate routing protocol performance using Ixia’s BGP

Emulation Software. Ixia provides a wealth of configura-
tion options to create complex configurations. Establish
any combination of internal and external neighbors on
one or many ports. Manipulate the mandatory and well-
known route attributes of one or many routes to create
realistic Internet scenarios.
Scalability Thousands of BGP peers can be emulated and millions

of BGP routes advertised from a single Ixia chassis popu-
lated with CPU per port Load Modules. Multiple proto-
cols can be run simultaneously in conjunction with line-
rate traffic. In addition, links and routes can be flapped
to dynamically assess how the router will behave under
adverse network conditions.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com

traffic to simulate realistic Internet scenarios. Identify
which routes are entered into the forwarding table when
identical routes are learned from an internal and exter-
nal protocol.
IxExplorer Integrated Ixia’s BGP Emulation Software is installed as an add-on

to IxExplorer, Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI) soft-
ware for data and control plane testing. Traffic streams
to advertised routes can be automatically created with
the Stream Generation Map. These streams can be fur-
ther edited to create complex IP packets. In addition,
statistics can be logged and graphed.
Easy-to-Use GUI The spreadsheet GUI in IxExplorer and in the BGP

Emulation Software facilitates the entry of large con-
figurations. Users can customize a test environment
by displaying only the stream and protocol parameters
relevant to the test. Select a range of cells and then
increment, decrement, or set to the first value in the
range. Once a network topology is created, it can be
copied easily across any supported Ixia interface. Just
click on an emulated router or route range and select
copy. Click on another port and then just paste. Large
configurations can be easily set up this way to create
intricate tests.
Requirements: • IXIA 100, 250, 400T, 1600T, or Optixia® chassis

• At least one Ixia Load Module: 10/100 Mbps Ethernet,
Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet, OC-3c/12c/
48c/192c (STM-1c/4c/16c/64c) Packet Over SONET,
OC-3/12 ATM
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IETF Standards • BGP Emulation messages encoded and decoded to

a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP-4) (supersedes IETF
RFC 1771)
• BGP Route Reflections encoded and decoded to IETF
RFC 2976, BGP Route Reflection, an Alternative to Full
Mesh IBGP (supersedes IETF RFC 1996)
• BGP Communities encoded and decoded to IETF RFC
1997, BGP Communities Attribute
• BGP Confederations encoded and decoded to IETF RFC
3065, Autonomous System Confederations for BGP
BGP4-01P................................BGP-4 emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
BGP4-02P................................L3 MPLS VPNs support (requires BGP4-01P module)
BGP4-03P................................BGP IPv6 support (requires BGP4-01P module)
Tcl Script-BGP4........................ BGP-4 Test Suite (requires BGP4-01S or BGP4-01P emulation)
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IP Multicast
Emulation Software
Ixia’s IP Multicast Emulation Software offers the most com-
prehensive tools for testing scalability and performance
of multicast routers. Ixia offers emulations of Internet
Group Membership Protocol (IGMP) versions 1, 2, and 3
and Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Protocol version 1
and 2 for testing IPv4, IPv6, and dual-stack routers. Used
in conjunction with Ixia’s CPU per port Load Modules, these
emulations offer unparalleled scalability and performance.
Ixia’s IP Multicast Emulations are integrated within IxExplorer,

Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI) software for data and
control plane testing. Large and intricate tests can be creat-
ed quickly and simply with this interface. Configurations can
be created or changed on-the-fly while the state machine is
running. Additional attributes are also exposed for those
who demand increased protocol control. Once the configu-
rations are completed, Ixia’s Stream Generation Map utility
can be used to automate the construction of multicast traffic
streams to send through the topology.
Emulated IGMP/
MLD Clients Emulated IGMP/
MLD Clients
Multicasts
Source
DUT
Internet Backbone
Emulated IGMP/
MLD Clients
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Emulations IGMP version 1, 2, and 3; MLD version 1 and 2
Messages Types Supported IGMP

• Generate Membership Reports (v1, v2, v3) and
Leave Reports (v2, v3)
• Reply to Membership Queries
MLD
• Generate Multicast Listener Reports and Multicast
Listener Done
• Reply to Multicast Listener Queries
Operational Settings Enable Router Alert Option (IGMPv2/v3 and MLDv1/v2)
Enable Response to General Query messages (All versions)
Enable Response to Group Specific Query messages

(IGMPv2/v3 and MLDv1/v2)
Enable Unsolicited Response Mode (All versions); Report

Frequency (seconds)
Enable Suppress Reports (all versions) – membership

reports not transmitted if learned from another host
Enable Immediate Response (All versions)
Enable packing for record/frame and source/record

(IGMPv3 and MLDv2)
Rate Control of Time interval (milliseconds) and number of groups to

Group Reports specify within a membership report (integer). Default is
zero meaning transmit as fast as possible
Flapping Enabling a multicast group range will issue a membership

report whereas disabling a group range will issue a leave
report (IGMPv2/v3 and MLDv1/v2)
Emulated Hosts Up to 1,000 hosts can be emulated per port
Scalability Up to 100,000 membership reports can be generated

per port when using IGMPv1, v2, and MLDv1. For
IGMPv3 and MLDv2, membership reports can be
generated for the entire multicast address range
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Emulation Flexibility Generate a large multicast configuration in a single entry

by simply incrementing the multicast group address or
adding multiple multicast entries to increase granularity.
Manipulate the operational behavior of generating member-
ship reports and responding to membership queries.
Scalability Millions of membership reports and queries can be sup-

ported on a single Ixia chassis system populated with Ixia’s
CPU per port Load Modules. Multiple protocols can be
run simultaneously and in conjunction with line-rate traffic.
In addition, host responses and membership reports can
be flapped to dynamically assess the performance of
a multicast router under adverse network conditions.

traffic to simulate realistic network scenarios. Ixia’s Multicast
Emulation can be run with any combination of IGP and
signaling protocols.
Easy-to-Use GUI Ixia’s IP Multicast Emulation Software is installed as an

add-on to IxExplorer, Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI)
software for data and control plane testing. The IxExplorer
GUI exposes many packet parameters so that complex IP
Unicast, IP Multicast, and MPLS packets can be created.
In addition, statistical results can be logged and graphed.
IxExplorer’s GUI utilizes a spreadsheet interface to facilitate
the entry of large and complex configurations.

LM100TXS8 (10/100), LM1000TXS4 (10/100/1000),
Ethernet, OC-3/12 ATM, OC-3c/12c/48c/192c POS
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IETF Standards • Host Extensions for IP Multicasting, specification for IGMP

Version 1 (IGMPv1) according to RFC 1112
• Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 2 according
to RFC 2236
• Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 3
according to RFC 3376
• Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6 according to
RFC 2710
• Multicast Listener Discovery Version 2 (MLDv2) for IPv6
according to draft-vida-mld-v2-06.txt
MCAST-01P.............................Multicast emulation for CPU per port Load Modules

IxExplorer............................... Includes multicast emulation for IGMPv1 and IGMPv2
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
PIM-SM Multicast
Emulation Software
Ixia’s PIM-SM Multicast Emulation Software provides the
capability for the extensive testing of PIM-SM enabled
routers. Used in conjunction with Ixia’s CPU per port
Load Modules, the PIM-SM emulations offer unparalleled
scalability and performance supporting hundreds of PIM
neighbors per test port. Any combination of PIM Register
and Join/Prune Messages can be advertised from a port
to simulate traffic from multicast sources and destinations.
Any number of topologies can be simulated to validate
a System Under Test‘s (SUT) ability to create unidirectional
shared trees rooted at a Rendezvous Point (RP) per group
and shortest-path trees per source.
Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI) configuration simplifies

the set up of large or intricate tests. A single multicast group
range entry can advertise thousands of PIM Join/Prune
Messages. Or multiple multicast group range entries can
be used to create detailed test configurations. In addition,
Ixia’s emulations allow configurations to be created or
changed while the state machine is running. For those who
demand increased protocol control, Ixia exposes timing
parameters to control the rate of PIM-SM messages.
Multicasts
Source
System Under Test
Emulated Router Emulated Host

Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Emulation PIM-SM version 2
Messages Types Hello, Register, and Join/Prune [(*,*,RP), (*,G), (S,G),

and (S,G,rpt)]
Message Control Rate Messages per interval and interval (ms). Default: 0 mean-
ing transmit as fast as possible
Learned Join States For each multicast source senders, the (S,G) Joins received
from downstream router can be displayed
Configurable Message Attributes
Hello Holdtime, LAN Prune Delay, DR Priority, Bidirectional

Capable (Bidir_Capable), Generation ID (GenID)
Register Border bit (B) and Null-Register bit (N) automatically

encoded by state machine if set as designated router.
Multicast Addresses
Join/Prune Holdtime, Unicast Upstream Neighbor, Multicast group,

Join Source, and Prune Source Addresses. State machine
will encode the number of Groups, Joined Sources, and
Pruned Sources based on configuration
Operational Behavior
Real-Time Configuration Emulated routers, interfaces, multicast groups, and sender

sources can be created, deleted, or flapped in real-time
while the state machine is running
Timed Switching Auto switch a range of multicast groups from (*,G)

to (S,G) based on a delay time (sec) interval
Timed Flapping Based on a timed interval. Default: 60 seconds
State Refresh Three modes available:

1) constant mode keeps GenID fixed until a change
is made to a configuration entry
2) incremental mode increments GenID on every
hello message
3) random mode inserts a random GenID value on
every hello message
Packed Groups When enabled, all multicast groups are added to one
Joined/Pruned Message. Otherwise, a Join/Pruned mes-
sage is created for every multicast group
continued next page
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Register Encapsulation Traffic For each emulated multicast sender enabled, Ixia will
transmit source traffic encapsulated in register message
packets until a RegisterStop message is received. Native
multicast packets can be generated from source ports
via the Stream Generation Map or from IxExplorer
Statistics Transmitted and Received counts of Hello, Register,

RegisterStop, and Join/Prune Messages
Neighbor Capacity Up to 400 PIM-SM neighbors per port on Gigabit Ethernet

TXS Load Modules
Message Capacity Up to 10 million multicast destination groups are supported

on Gigabit Ethernet TXS Load Modules when packing mode
is enable
Emulation Flexibility Large multicast tests can be generated in a single configura-

tion entry by simply specifying an incrementing multicast
group address. Detailed test configurations can be created
by adding multiple multicast entries. Many of the protocol
adjacency attributes are exposed in order to manipulate the
operational behavior of PIM-SM Hello, Join/Prune, and
Register messages.
Scalability Ixia’s Load Modules with a CPU per port offer the highest
level of protocol emulation scalability in today’s test market.
The PIM-SM protocol emulations run local on the test port’s
CPU, thereby minimizing chassis system resources. An Ixia
chassis system populated with CPU per port Load Modules
can generate millions of Register and Join/Prune messages.
In addition, Join/Prune messages can be flapped dynam-
ically, or on a time interval, to assess the performance of
a multicast router under adverse network conditions.
Multi-Protocol Support Ixia’s family of emulation software can be run simultaneously

on one or many ports to simulate realistic network scenarios.
Ixia’s PIM-SM Multicast Emulation Software can also be run
with any combination of IGP and MPLS signaling protocols.
For example, to properly test Reverse Path forwarding func-
tionality, a routing protocol emulation must be used to adver-
tise the sender source addresses. In addition, Ixia’s IGMP
multicast emulation can be used in conjunction with PIM-SM
to simulate a variety of multicast topologies.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Easy-to-Use GUI Ixia’s IP Multicast Emulation Software is installed as an add-on

to IxExplorer, Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI) software
for data and control plane testing. The IxExplorer GUI
exposes many packet parameters so that complex IP Unicast,
IP Multicast, and MPLS packets can be created. In addition,
statistical results can be logged and graphed. IxExplorer’s
GUI utilizes a spreadsheet interface to facilitate the entry
of large and complex configurations.
and UNIX platforms.

LM100TXS8 (10/100), LM1000TXS4 (10/100/1000),
Ethernet, OC-3/12 ATM, OC-3c/12c/48c/192c POS
IETF Standards • Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM):

Protocol Specification (Revised) according to draft-ietf-pim-
sm-v2-new-07
• Bi-directional Protocol Independent Multicast (BIDIR-PIM)
according to draft-ietf-pim-bidir-04
MCAST-01P.............................Multicast emulation for CPU per port Load Modules

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Layer 2 VPN
Emulation Software
Ixia’s Layer 2 Virtual Private Network (Layer 2 VPN)
Emulation Software is an add-on component to Ixia’s LDP
Emulation Software that simulates the transport of Layer 2
frames over MPLS. Both point-to-point Martini and any-to-any
VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Services) VPNs are supported per
their respective IETF Internet Drafts. Complex Layer 2 VPN
topologies can be simulated by using Ixia’s Layer 2 VPN
option in combination with Ixia’s Interior Gateway Protocol
(IGP) emulations (such as OSPF and IS-IS). Ixia’s flexible
Graphical User Interface facilitates a variety of configuration
modes. Each Virtual Circuit (VC) session entry in an Layer 2
VPN can be config-ured to one or many peers. Multiple VC
Forwarding Equivalence Classes (FECs) can be advertised
from a single entry.
Hundreds of Layer 2 VPN sessions and thousands of FECs

can be advertised from a single Ixia test port. In addition,
VC FEC entries, emulated Layer 2 groups, and sessions can
be flapped to simulate realistic network scenarios.
The Layer 2 VPN emulation software is supported on a number

of Ixia Load Modules which feature a CPU per port. In addi-
tion, multiple Ixia protocol emulations can be run concurrently
on each test port, and wire-speed traffic can be generated to
simultaneously test the data and control planes.
Layer 2 Traffic MPLS Traffic VPN A

PE 1
PE 2
VPN A CE 1 LDP Extended
Session
VPN B
P1
CE 2 P2 PE 3
LDP Extended Sessions
VPN B VPN C
DUT LDP
Exte
nd e
dS
essio
CE 3 n
P3
VPN C
VPN B
PE 4
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
L2 VPN Sessions LDP extended discovery mode
Modes Downstream unsolicited and liberal retention modes
Emulated VCs Frame Relay (Type 1), ATMAAL5 (Type 2), ATMXCell
(Type 3), VLAN (Type 4) - default, Ethernet (Type 5), HDLC
(Type 6), PPP (Type 7), Circuit Emulation Service over
MPLS (CEM) – CEM (Type 8), ATMVCC (Type 9), ATMVPC
(Type A), VPLS (Type B)
VC FEC Parameters General: Peer, VC ID, Description, Label Start, and Label
Increment Mode
Ethernet: MTU
ATM: ATM Present, Max # of ATM Cells
CEM: CEM Payload Enabled, CEM Payload value, CEM
Option Present Enabled, and CEM Option value
Flapping Sessions, emulated Layer 2 groups, and individual VC.FEC

ranges can be flapped on demand
Labels Create, advertise, and withdraw VC FEC entries. Labels

learned displays VC FEC information, peers and label
spaces. VC FEC learned labels can be filtered based on
Peer address, Label, Group ID, VC type, VC ID, and
interface description
Emulated VC Encapsulations Ethernet VLAN and Ethernet without the use of a control word
Diagnostics Elapsed time (msec) for advertising or withdrawing FEC

entries, notifications, and debug messages
Key Features • Establish and maintain hundreds of adjacencies per port

• Configure large entries for VC FEC ranges quickly with
Ixia’s spreadsheet entry mode
• Modify configuration entries while state machine is running,
to simulate realistic Internet conditions
• View and filter learned labels
• Generate wire-speed MPLS traffic for different Layer 2
VC types
• Generate MAC TLVs for VPLS emulations
• Create Tcl configuration code simply and easily by
using ScriptGen
• Analyze real-time MPLS traffic on a packet-by-packet basis
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Emulation Flexibility Ixia’s Layer 2 VPN emulation has the flexibility to emulate
one or more LSRs, as well as generate up to thousands
of VC FEC ranges on a single port. In addition, many of
the sessions and the VC FEC attributes are exposed in the
GUI, enabling users to create customized configurations.
Likewise, a protocol window configuration can be easily
converted to Tcl commands with Ixia’s ScriptGen utility.
Scalability Thousands of LDP sessions can be supported on an Ixia

chassis populated with Ixia’s CPU per port Load Modules.
Multiple protocols can be run simultaneously in conjunction
with line-rate traffic. In addition, sessions and FEC ranges
can be flapped to dynamically assess how your MPLS
router will behave under adverse network conditions.
Easy-to-Use GUI Ixia’s Layer 2 VPN Emulation Software is installed as an

add-on to IxExplorer, Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI)
software for data and control plane testing. The IxExplorer
GUI exposes many of the packet parameters so that com-
plex IP and MPLS packets can be created. In addition,
statistics can be logged and graphed.
IxExplorer’s spreadsheet GUI facilitates the entry of large

configurations for protocol emulations. For example, cus-
tomize a test environment by displaying only the relevant
protocol and stream parameters. Select a range of cells
and then increment or decrement from the first value in the
range; or set the value of all selected cells to the first value
in the range. Use the copy and paste tools to copy Layer 2
VPN configurations across supported interfaces.

• At least one Ixia Load Module with CPU per port:
10/100 Mbps, Gigabit, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet;
OC-3/12 ATM; OC-3c/12c/48c/192c POS with
64MB or greater system RAM
• LDP Emulation Software
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
IETF Standards • LDP Specification according to RFC 3036

• LDP Applicability according to RFC 3037
• LDP State Machine according to RFC 3215
• Transport of Layer 2 Frames Over MPLS according to draft-
martini-l2circuit-trans-mpls-09.txt
• Virtual Private LAN Services (VPLS) over MPLS according
to draft-lasserre-vkompella-ppvpn-vpls-03.txt
• Pseudo-wire emulations:
- draft-martini-ethernet-encap-mpls-01.txt
- draft-martini-ppp-hdlc-encap-mpls-00.txt
- draft-martini-frame-encap-mpls-01.txt
- draft-martini-atm-encap-mpls-01.txt
- draft-malis-sonet-ces-mpls-05.txt
LDP-01P.................................. MPLS LDP emulation for CPU-based Load Modules
LDP-02P.................................. MPLS Layer 2 VPNs per Drafts Martini and VPLS

(requires LDP-01P)
LDP-B2P.................................. MPLS Layer 2 VPN bundle: LDP-01P and LDP-02P
LDP-B3P.................................. MPLS signaling bundle: RSVP-01P and LDP-01P
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Layer 3 VPN
Emulation Software
Ixia’s Layer 3 Virtual Private Network (Layer 3 VPN)
Emulation Software is an add-on component to the BGP
Emulation Software that simulates Provider-Provisioned VPN
(PPVPN) functionality per IETF Draft RFC 2547bis. Complex
Layer 3 VPN topologies can be created using the Layer 3
VPN Emulation Soft-ware in combination with Ixia’s Interior
Gateway Protocol (IGP) emulations (OSPF or IS-IS) and MPLS
signaling protocol emulations (LDP or RSVP-TE).
Ixia’s flexible Graphical User Interface (GUI) facilitates the

configuration of large topologies. Hundreds of Layer 3 VPN
sessions and thousands of VPN routes can be advertised per
test port. Wire-speed traffic can be generated over the VPN
topology to simultaneously test the data and control planes.
IP Traffic MPLS Traffic VPN A

PE 1
MP-iBGP PE 2
VPN A CE 1 Session
VPN B
P1
CE 2 P2 PE 3
MP-iBGP Sessions
VPN B VPN C
DUT
MP
-iBG
PS
essio
CE 3 n
P3
VPN C
VPN B
PE 4
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Peer Types Internal BGP session with Multi-Protocol Extensions (MP-iBGP)
Address Type VPN-IPv4 Address routes with MPLS labels
Route Distinguisher (RD) Type – ASN: ASN and Assigned Number

Type – IP: IP Address and Assigned Number
The local or global part of a RD can be incremented within
a VPN route range entry
Route Target (RT) Type – ASN: ASN and Assigned Number

Type – IP: IP Address and Assigned Number
Multiple RTs can be assigned to an emulated site
Flapping VPN routes, sites, and sessions can be flapped on demand.

Timed flapping (up and down time intervals) can be config-
ured for an entire VPN route range entry or for a partial
set of routes
Staggered Start Multiple BGP peer sessions can be started simultaneously

or staggered over a series of time intervals
Statistics Please see the BGP Emulation Software data sheet for
complete list of available statistics
Emulation Flexibility Ixia provides a wealth of options for creating complex VPN
configurations. Generate large configuration with a single
entry by using ranges of incremented values for advertised
routes, route distinguishers, and labels. Alternatively, add
multiple Layer 3 VPN entries to increase granularity. Ma-
nipulate the mandatory and well known route attributes for
one or many VPN routes to create realistic Internet scenarios.
Scalability Thousands of MP-iBGP peers and millions of VPN routes

can be supported on a single Ixia chassis populated with
CPU per port Load Modules. In addition, MP-iBGP sessions
and VPN routes can be flapped to dynamically assess the
performance of PEs under adverse network conditions.
Multi-Protocol Support Ixia’s emulation software can be run simultaneously on one

or many ports in conjunction with line-rate traffic to simulate
realistic Internet scenarios. Ixia’s Layer 3 VPNs can be oper-
ated with any combination of IGP and signaling protocols.
Easy-to-Use GUI Ixia’s Layer 3 VPN Emulation Software is installed as an

add-on to IxExplorer, Ixia’s GUI software for data and con-
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
trol plane testing. The IxExplorer GUI exposes many packet
www.ixiacom.com
parameters so that complex IP and MPLS packets can be

created. In addition, statistics can be logged and graphed.
IxExplorer’s spreadsheet GUI facilitates the entry of large
and complex configurations.

• At least one Ixia Load Module with CPU per port:
10/100 Mbps, Gigabit, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet;
OC-3/12 ATM; OC-3c/12c/48c/192c POS with
64MB or greater system RAM
• BGP Emulation Software
IETF Standards • BGP Emulation messages encoded and decoded according

to draft_ietf_idr_bgp4-17, A Border Gateway Protocol
(BGP-4) (Supersedes IETF RFC 1771)
• BGP Route Reflections encoded and decoded according to
IETF RFC 2976, BGP Route Reflection – an Alternative to
Full Mesh IBGP (Supersedes IETF RFC 1996)
• BGP Communities encoded and decoded according to IETF
RFC 1997, BGP Communities Attribute
• BGP Confederations encoded and decoded according to
IETF RFC 3065, Autonomous System Confederations for
BGP
• BGP-4 RFC 1771
• Multi-protocol Extensions for BGP-4 according to RFC 2283
• Capabilities Advertisement with BGP-4 according to RFC 2842
• Multi-Protocol Extensions for BGP-4 according to RFC 2858
• Carrying Label Information in BGP-4 according to RFC 3107
• Extended Communities Attribute according to draft-ietf-idr-
bgp-ext-communities-05.txt
• Multi-Protocol Extensions for BGP-4 according to draft-ietf-
idr-rfc2858bis-02.txt
• AS-wide Unique BGP Identifier for BGP-4 according to
draft-ietf-idr-bgp-identifier-00.txt
BGP4-01P............................... BGP-4 emulation for CPU per port Load Modules
BGP4-02P............................... Layer 3 VPNs (requires BGP4-01P module)

Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
LDP
Emulation Software
Ixia’s LDP (Label Distribution Protocol) Emulation Software
is easy to configure, flexible for simulating complex topolo-
gies, and scalable to stress the performance of the most
powerful MPLS capable routers. MPLS topologies can be
emulated by using Ixia’s LDP in conjunction with an Ixia
Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) emulation, such as OSPF
or IS-IS. The configuration process is straight forward, yet
powerful, using a spreadsheet interface to facilitate the
entry of large configurations. In addition, Forwarding
Equivalence Classes (FEC) entries and sessions can be
flapped to simulate realistic network scenarios.
With Ixia’s CPU per port Load Modules, hundreds of LDP

sessions and thousands of FECs can be advertised per test
port. In addition, Ixia’s Layer 2 VPN Emulation Software can
be added to test and stress Layer 2 Virtual Circuit tunnels.
Multiple protocols running simultaneously and wire-speed
traffic is supported on each test port.
IP Traffic MPLS Traffic
ion
ess
e dS
nd
xte LDP Extended Session
PE
LD
DUT
LDP Basic
Session
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Modes Independent Label Distribution Control and Liberal

Label Retention
Messages Discovery (Basic and Extended), Session Establishment

(Active or Passive role), Advertisements (Label Mapping
and Withdraw), and Notifications (Fatal and Advisory)
Session Timers Configure Interval and Hold times for Hello and Keep
Alive messages
Labels Create, advertise, and withdraw FEC entries. Labels learned

displays FEC information, peers and label spaces. Filters
can be applied on learned labels based on FEC parameters,
peers, or label spaces. Scalability can be increased by
specifying only certain FECs to be stored (Explicit Include)
Extended Multiple targeted peers can be specified on an extended

session for quick scalability
Traffic Generation Stream Generation Map utility composes MPLS streams

based on learned labels
Diagnostics Elapsed time (msec) for advertising or withdrawing FEC

entries, notification, and debug messages
Key Features • Establish and maintain multiple adjacencies of basic and

extended sessions per port
• Enter large numbers of sessions or FEC ranges quickly with
Ixia’s spreadsheet entry interface
• Modify configuration entries while state machine is running
to simulate realistic network conditions
• View and filter learned labels
• Generate wire-speed MPLS data plane traffic
• Create Tcl configuration code simply by using ScriptGen
Emulation Flexibility Users can validate the performance of their signaling

protocol using Ixia’s LDP Protocol Emulation Software.
Ixia’s LDP emulation has the flexibility to emulate one or
more LSRs as well as generate up to thousands of FEC
ranges on a single port. In addition, many of the session
and FEC attributes are exposed, enabling users to create
customized configurations. Users also have the flexibility
to configure via Tcl commands. Likewise, an LDP configura-
tion can be easily converted to Tcl commands with Ixia’s
ScriptGen utility.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Scalability Thousands of LDP sessions can be supported on a single

Ixia chassis. Multiple protocols can be run simultaneously in
conjunction with line-rate traffic. In addition, sessions and
FEC ranges can be flapped to dynamically assess how your
MPLS router will behave under adverse network conditions.
Multi-Protocol Support Ixia’s family of emulation software can be run simultaneously

on one, or many ports to simulate realistic Internet scenar-
ios. Generate line rate MPLS traffic to advertised labels.
Learn when routers transmit traffic to MPLS labels instead
of routes in the forwarding information base.
IxExplorer Integrated Ixia’s LDP Emulation Software is installed as an add-on to

IxExplorer, Ixia’s Graphical User Interface (GUI) software
for data and control plane testing. IxExplorer provides
a high level of flexibility enabling complex MPLS packets
to be created, either manually or with Ixia’s Stream Generation
Map. This feature creates traffic streams automatically
based on learned labels. Transmitted and received traffic
statistics can also be logged and graphed.
Easy-to-Use GUI The spreadsheet GUI in IxExplorer and the LDP Emulation
Software facilitates the quick entry of large configurations.
Customize a test environment by displaying only the stream
and protocol parameters relevant to your test. Select a range
of cells and then increment, decrement, or set them all to
the first value in the range. Test configurations can be easily
copied across Ixia’s supported interfaces. Simply click on
a port, router, or FEC range and select copy. Click the
respective entry on another port and then select paste.
Large configurations can be easily created and modified
this way to set up intricate tests.
and UNIX platforms.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com

• At least one Ixia Load Module with CPU per port: 10/100
Mbps, Gigabit, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet; OC-3/12 ATM;
OC-3c/12c/48c/192c POS with 64MB or greater
system RAM
IETF Standards • LDP Specification according to RFC 3036

• LDP Applicability according to RFC 3037
• LDP State Machine according to RFC 3215
LDP-01P.................................. MPLS LDP emulation for CPU-based Load Modules
LDP-02P.................................. MPLS L2 VPNs per Drafts Martini and VPLS (requires

LDP-01P)
LDP-B2P.................................. MPLS L2 VPN Bundle: LDP-01P and LDP-02P
LDP-B3P.................................. MPLS Signaling Bundle: RSVP-01P and LDP-01P
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
RSVP-TE
Emulation Software
Ixia’s RSVP-TE (Resource reSerVation Protocol with Traffic
Engineering) Emulation Software is designed to analyze the
performance of MPLS Label Edge Routers (LERs) and Label
Switching Routers (LSRs). When used in conjunction with
an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) with traffic engineering
extensions, such as OSPF-TE, large and complex MPLS
topologies can be emulated.
Ixia’s RSVP-TE Emulation Software can be easily configured

to establish and maintain thousands of Label Switched Paths
(LSPs) on each Ixia test port to stress the most powerful
MPLS-capable routers. Once LSPs are generated, MPLS traf-
fic can be transmitted, at line-rate speed, to capture metrics
such as packet loss and forwarding rates. RSVP extensions
for fast re-route are supported to test systems for traffic re-
direction upon failures.
elA
Tunn
Tunnel B
System Under Test
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Session Attributes Session IP addresses, Hello Interval and Timeout Multiplier,

Bandwidth (bps), Refresh Interval, Custom Hello TLVs
Ingress Endpoints Source/Destination IP addresses, LSP/Tunnel IDs
ERO Enable/Disable, IP addresses or AS numbers, Strict/Loose,

Prepend DUT to ERO
RRO Enable/Disable, IP addresses or label numbers, Protection
Attributes Name field fixed or auto-generated, Setup and Holding

priorities, Resource Affinities, and flags bits
TSpec Token Bucket Rate (Bps), Token Bucket Size (bytes), Peak
Data Rate (Bps), Minimum Policed Unit (bytes), and
Maximum Packet size (bytes)
Fast Reroute Enable/Disable, Setup and Holding priorities, Hop Limit,

Bandwidth, One to One or Facility Backup, Send Detour
Custom TLVs ResvErr, Path, PathTear
Egress Endpoint Destination IP Addresses, Reservation Confirmation flag
Label Range Default range: 1,000 to 100,000; Fixed label options:

Explicit Null, Router Alert, IPv6 Explicit Null, and Implicit Null
RRO Reflect/Don’t Reflect, IP addresses or label numbers
Reservation “FF” or “SE” supported
Custom TLVs Resv, ResvTear, PathErr
Key Features • Simultaneously emulate an ingress and egress router on

the same test port to establish bi-directional pairs of tunnels
• Configure large numbers of entries quickly with spreadsheet
entry mode
• Modify configuration entries while the state machine is
running to simulate realistic network conditions
• Customize by configuring detailed object parameters
• View labels assigned and received as well as LSP statistics
• Generate wire-speed MPLS data plane traffic
• Create Tcl configuration code simply by using ScriptGen
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Emulation Flexibility Ixia’s RSVP-TE Emulation Software has the flexibility to

emulate one or more ingress and egress routers and gener-
ate thousands of LSPs on a single port. Many session and
tunnel attributes are exposed, enabling users to create
customized configurations. Users also have the flexibility
to configure via Tcl commands. Protocol window configura-
tions can be easily converted to Tcl commands with Ixia’s
ScriptGen utility. Ixia provides a number of ways to config-
ure and manipulate RSVP-TE sessions.
Scalability Hundreds of thousands of LSPs can be supported on an

IXIA 1600T chassis populated with per port CPU Load
Modules. Multiple protocols can be run simultaneously in
conjunction with line-rate traffic. In addition, sessions and
tunnels can be flapped to dynamically assess how a MPLS
router will behave under adverse network conditions.
Multi-Protocol Support Multiple protocols from Ixia’s family of emulation software

can be run simultaneously on one or many ports to simulate
realistic network scenarios. Generate line rate MPLS traffic
to advertised labels. Learn when routers transmit traffic to
MPLS labels instead of routes in the forwarding information
base. Multiple protocols from Ixia’s family of emulation soft-
ware can be run simultaneously on one or many ports to
simulate realistic network scenarios. Generate line-rate MPLS
traffic to advertised labels. Learn when routers transmit
traffic to MPLS labels instead of routes in the forwarding
information base.
Easy-to-Use GUI The spreadsheet GUI in IxExplorer and in the RSVP-TE

Emulation Software facilitates the entry of large configura-
tions. Customize a test environment by displaying only the
stream and protocol parameters relevant to the test. Select
a range of cells and then increment, decrement, or set them
all to the first value in the range. Test configurations can be
easily copied across Ixia’s supported interfaces. Simply click
on a neighbor pair or a tunnel range entry and select copy.
Click the respective entry on another port and then select
paste. Large configurations can be easily created and modi-
fied this way to set up intricate tests.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
and UNIX platforms.

• At least one Ixia Load Module: 10/100 Mbps,
Gigabit, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet; OC-3/12 ATM;
OC-3c/12c/48c/192c (STM-1c/4c/16c/64c)
Packet Over SONET
IETF Standards • Resource reSerVation Protocol (RSVP) according to

RFC 2205
• Integrated service framework's QoS control services
according to RFC 2210
• Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels according to
RFC 3209
• Fast reroute according to draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-
fastreroute-02.txt
RSVP-B1S................................MPLS RSVP-TE Bundle: RSVP-1S and Tcl Script-MPLS
RSVP-01P................................ MPLS RSVP-TE emulation for CPU-based Load Modules
RSVP-B1P................................ MPLS RSVP-TE Bundle: RSVP-01P and Tcl Script-MPLS
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
RPR/SRP
Emulation Software
Ixia’s RPR and SRP options for OC-48c and OC-192c
Packet Over SONET Load Modules provide the industry’s
first tool-set for wire-speed performance validation of
next generation ring-based network elements operating
with RPR or SRP MACs.
Ixia’s RPR/SRP Emulation Software allows the creation

of all frame formats, emulation of multiple ring nodes,
and capture and decode of RPR and SRP frames. In addi-
tion, RPR and SRP specific capture triggers and filters
are provided, simplifying development, quality assurance,
and deployment.
Ixia Simulated Ring Ixia Simulated Ring
Inner Ring Receive Outer Ring Receive
DUT
Inner Ring Transmit Outer Ring Transmit
Emulated Router
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
RPR SRP
Supported Frame Types Data, Fairness, Discovery, Data, Usage, Discovery, IPS
Protection, Idle, OAM
Streams Up to 160 Advanced Up to 160 Advanced

Streams or 256 Sequential Streams or 256 Sequential
Streams Streams
Emulated Nodes Up to 128 per port Up to 128 per port
Generic Header Configuration All fields editable – Time-to- All fields editable – Time-to-
live, Ring Identifier, Fairness live, Ring Identifier, Mode,
Eligible, Packet Type, User Priority, Parity
Service Class, Wrap
Eligible, Parity. Extended
Header control is supported,
all fields editable
User-Defined Parameters Header type and/or Header type and/or version

version over-ride for nega- over-ride for negative testing
tive testing, Extended
Status Message
TLV encoding
Capture Triggers/Filters MAC DA, MAC SA, IP DA, MAC DA, MAC SA, IP DA,
IP SA, Ringlet 0, Ringlet 1, IP SA, Mode (any bit com-
Fairness Eligibility 0, bination), Inner Ring, Outer
Fairness Eligibility 1, Idle Ring, Priority (any bit com-
Packet, Control Packet, bination), Parity Bit Odd,
Fairness Packet, Data Parity Bit Even, Discovery
Packet, Service Class (any Frame, IPS Frame, User
bit combination), Wrap Defined
Eligibility 0, Parity Bit 0,
Wrap Eligibility 1,
Parity Bit 1, User Defined
Statistics Fairness frames Usage frames sent/received,

sent/received, Protection IPS frames received,
frames received, Discovery frames received,
Discovery frames received, Data frames received,
Data frames received, Timeout events, Usage sta-
OAM frames received, tus, Header parity errors
Idle frames received,
Timeout events, Header CRC
errors, Payload CRC errors
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Emulation Flexibility Ixia’s RPR/SRP option enable comprehensive and complex

traffic flows to be created. Packets may be completely spec-
ified, including RPR/SRP header information, MAC address-
es, payload headers, and data fill patterns. Packet sizes
may be automatically determined or user-defined.
Advanced Testing Comprehensive test data may be embedded into the

RPR/SRP packets to measure latency, verify data integrity,
and validate in-order delivery. In addition, Ixia’s Packet
Group Signature may be added, allowing for advanced
statistical analysis of received data or tracing back to
a source port.
ScriptGen utility used to translate the GUI settings to
Tcl code with minimal commands. Tcl support is available
Requirements The RPR and SRP emulations run on Ixia’s standard OC-48c
and OC-192c Load Modules. A simple mode switch toggles
between RPR or SRP mode and standard Packet Over SONET
operation. This provides the ultimate in flexibility, uses the
minimum amount of valuable rack space, and leverages the
investment in Ixia hardware for multiple test cases.
SW-RPRSONET........................RPR stream generation and protocol support for

OC-48c/OC-192c POS Load Modules
SW-SRPSONET........................SRP stream generation and protocol support for

OC-48c/OC-192c POS Load Modules
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Conformance Applications Ixia p. 96
IxANVL –
Automated Network
Validation Library
Ixia’s IxANVL (Automated Network Validation Library) is
the industry standard for automated network/protocol vali-
dation. Developers and manufacturers of networking equip-
ment and Internet devices rely on IxANVL to validate proto-
col compliance and interoperability. Many customers have
chosen IxANVL for its ease-of-use, enhanced GUI, and
flexible test automation capabilities. In addition, IxANVL
offers a veritable universe of protocol libraries and utilities.
IxANVL is able to run on minimal hardware, a PC with

a Linux and Ethernet card, however, it is particularly well
suited to operate on Ixia’s powerful test and analysis plat-
form via a VNIC (Virtual Network Interface Card) driver.
This flexibility enables IxANVL to support all industry stan-
dard test interfaces including 10/100/1G/10G Ethernet,
ATM, Serial, Async and T1/E1. IxANVL provides confor-
mance, negative and regression testing on a vast selection
of protocols including Bridging, Routing, PPP, TCP/IP, IPv6,
IP storage, RMON, VPN, MPLS and Multicast.
Option 1: Direct Connection to DUT
VNIC DUT
Linux PC
Option 2: Connect to DUT via
Ixia Load Module
using VNIC
Management Port
TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM TM
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
IXIA
communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Ixia Communications
Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
l l l l l l l l l l l
Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig
1 1 1 1 1
l l l l l
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Rx Rx Rx Rx Rx
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig Port Tx/Col Rx/Err Trig
Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half 2 2 2 2 2
l l l l l
Tx Tx Tx Tx Tx
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Rx Rx Rx Rx Rx
PBX
Ixia Test Platform
1600
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Test Coverage
Test Required
IxANVL Target Reference Case Test
Test Suites Protocols Specification Count Interfaces
IP Test Suites IPv6 Core IPv6 RFC 2460, 2464 99 2
IPv6CP RFC 2472 17 1
ICMPv6 RFC 2463 38 2
IPv6 NDP RFC 2461 203 2
Advanced AutoConfig RFC 2462 28 2
MLD RFC 2710 98 2
V6oV4 RFC 2893, 2529, 3056 92 2
PMTU RFC 1981 10 2
IP Router Alert RFC 2711 13 1
IPv6 Jumbogram RFC 2675 21 2
IPv4 IPv4 RFC 791, 1122, 1812 72 2
ICMP RFC 792 33 2
Routing IP RIP RIP RFC 1058, 2453 55 2
IPGW RFC 1812, 1122 18 2
OSPF Core OSPF RFC 1583, 2328 310 2
OSPF Opaque LSA, RFC 2370, 1587, 49 2
Extensions NSSA, DB Overflow 1765
OSPFv3 OSPFv3 RFC 2740 344 2
BGP4 Core BGP RFC 1771 232 3
draft-ietf-idr-bgp4-17
BGP4 BGP-OSPF, RFC 1403, 1997, 118 2
Extensions Communities, 2439, 2796, 2918,
Route Flap Damping, 3065
Route Reflection,
Route Refresh,
Confederations
ISIS ISIS RFC 1195, ISO/IEC 203 2
10589: 1992(E)
ISISv6 ISIS-v6 draft-ietf-isis-ipv6-02 203 2
MPLS Label Encapsulation RFC 3032 69 2
RSVP-TE RFC 3209 90 3
LDP LDP RFC 3036 522 3
LDP State RFC 3215 153 3
Multicasting IGMP IGMPv2 RFC 2236 42 2
Test Suites DVRMP DVMRP draft-ietf-idmr-dvmrp- 66 3
v3-07
PIM Dense Mode draft-ietf-pim-v2-dm-04 160 3
draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-
Sparse Mode new-07 265 3
TCP Test TCP Core TCP RFC 793, 1122, 2460 156 2
Suites TCP Slow Start, RFC 2001, 2581, 48 1
Advanced Congestion Control, 1191, 2385, 2463,
PMTU Disc, MD5 1981
TCP High Ext for High RFC 1323, 2018, 793 52 1
Performance Performance,
Selective Acknowledge
IP Storage iSCSI iSCSI Target draft-ietf-ips-iscsi-20 198 1
Suites iSCSI Initiator draft-ietf-ips-iscsi-20 193 1
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
VPN IPSec AH MD5, SHA RFC 2401, 2402 51 2

Test Suites IPSec ESP MD5, SHA, DES, RFC 2401, 2403, 67 2
3DES, Blowfish 2404, 2405, 2406
IPSec IKE ISAKMP, IKE RFC 2407, 2408, 2409 385 2
L2TPSec Same as L2TP 99 1
L2TP L2TP RFC 2661 99 1
PPTP PPTP draft-ietf-pppext-pptp-02 55 1
PPP Test PPP LCP, PPP, PPP RFC 1661, 1662 111 2
Suites in HDLC Authentication
(PAP, CHAP) RFC 1334 37 1
RFC 1471 RFC 1471 15 1
RFC 1473 RFC 1473 5 1
IPCP IPCP RFC 1332 19 2
VJ VJ Compression RFC1144 48 2
Multilink PPP MPPP RFC1717, 1990 59 3
Bridging Spanning 802.1d IEEE Std. 802.1d 51 3
Test Suites Tree
Rapid 802.1w IEEE Std. 802.1w 127 3
Spanning
Tree
MSTP 802.1s IEEE 802.1s, 802.1q 231 3
VLAN 802.1q, GMRP, GVRP IEEE Std. 802.1q 150 3
RMON RMON Ethernet RFC 1757 116 1
Test Suites General RFC 1757 372 1
Toolkits TCP Toolkit Toolkit - sample N/A 4 1
tests only
SMNP Toolkit Toolkit - sample N/A 4 1
tests only
Benefits IxANVL Saves Time & Money

IxANVL allows vendors to verify the design during the
entire product life cycle. Problems can be identified earlier
in order to prevent costly last-minute reworks. IxANVL can
emulate large, multi-node networks that were previously cost
prohibitive. The result is more efficient tests and quicker
product release times.
IxANVL Increases Confidence

IxANVL increases confidence in product quality by enabling
extensive and thorough testing to be performed automatically,
without supervision. IxANVL’s test results allow users to:
• Determine exactly where a device’s protocol software does

and does not meet the specification
• Observe how well the device will handle traffic from non-
complying network components
• Determine what effects new development has on existing
code through regression testing
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxANVL Expands Easily

With a source code license, users can easily add new inter-
face types, protocols, and/or tests to their IxANVL system.
IxANVL Supports More Protocols

IxANVL supports a comprehensive list of protocols, includ-
ing Unicast/Multicast Routing, Bridging, IPv6, VPN, MPLS,
PPP, TCP/IP, RMON and IP Storage.
Test Test Suite

Test Methodology Specifications TALs Method Code
IxANVL
IxANVL follows a rigorous process to develop the test suite:

1. Analyze protocol specification line-by-line
2. Develop a list of testable statements called a Test Assertion List (TAL)
3. Augment TALs with more negative tests
4. Prioritize and group TALs for the test suite
5. A test method is developed for each accepted test assertion.
During the development process, continual verification with

protocol standard authors or implementers is performed.
Test Configuration The IxANVL test suite can run on a Linux PC with off-the-
shelf Network Interface Cards or on Ixia’s Load Modules
through a Virtual Network Interface Card (VNIC) connec-
tion. The tester (Linux PC) connects with the Device Under
Test (DUT) via test interfaces. Up to three interfaces may be
utilized, depending on the test configuration. IxANVL has
the flexibility to emulate various system topologies to create
virtually any test scenarios, for almost any DUT.
IxANVL offers the option of a command-line interface, and

a user-friendly graphical user interface, which allows intu-
itive test execution management and detail reporting. The
IxANVL test suite is also available in source code format,
allowing users to easily customize tests by adding or modi-
fying the source code. Users can also add scripts to config-
ure DUTs to automate the test process. The command line
interface allows for easy parsing and storing of information
as well as the ability to integrate IxANVL with customers‘
ATS environments.
IxANVL classifies test cases into 3 categories – MUST,

SHOULD, and MAY, according to RFC recommendation.
This allows easy configuration of the level of conformance
in which the DUT is required to comply.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
IxANVL classifies test cases into three categories:

MUST, SHOULD, and MAY.
Test Execution The IxANVL test can be run using two options – GUI or
command line input. In GUI mode, the user selects which
test suite and test cases to run. In command mode, the
user types a command with options indicating which tests
should be run and the desired level of output.
IxANVL then sends packets to the DUT based on what the

test is designed to do, after which, IxANVL receives packets
from the DUT, and compares them to what was expected.
After receiving these packets, IxANVL reacts according to
the returned information – it may continue the test, stop the
test, log an error message, or a host of other functions.
During the the test, IxANVL logs the progress in real-time.

After completion, IxANVL indicates whether the test passed
or failed. IxANVL then repeats the process with the next test
until all selected tests have been run.
Test Results Users can specify four different levels of test outputs:
• High level – basic pass/fail

• Medium level – pass/fail and test event status
• Low level – comprehensive report with packet decode
• Hexdump – detail report with hexdump of every packet
exchanged between tester and DUT
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
IxANVL reports results of every test run.
IxANVL results include detailed trace outputs.
All IxANVL tests are logged for post analysis.
Platform IxANVL test suites operate on a Linux PC with the following

configuration:
• Redhat Linux 7.3, 8.0 or 9.0 on ix86 Platform

• 1 GHz Pentium-III CPU or faster
• 512 MB RAM
• 512 MB Free Disk Space
Supported Interfaces IxANVL supports a wide range of network interface cards

that directly attach to a Linux PC:
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
• Ethernet 10/100
www.ixiacom.com
• Gigabit Ethernet
• Async serial
• Sync serial
• T1/E1
• OC3 ATM (classical IP over ATM)
• PPPoE
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
APIs and SDKs Ixia p. 103
Ixia Tcl API (Application

Programming Interface)
The Ixia Tcl API provides a rich set of programming inter-
faces in Tcl (Tool Command Language), the most popular
test automation scripting language in the telecom industry.
The Ixia Tcl API provides full access to Ixia hardware plat-
form functions, allowing users to configure the hardware
and execute programs on the system. The Tcl API can be
used to automate the use of thousands of ports and
multiple functional tests.
Ixia products were designed with automation in mind.

A sophisticated, yet comprehensive, library of commands
helps test engineers implement Tcl scripts for product
development, regression and long-term testing. Using
a client-server architecture, any number of users may
simultaneously share one or more Ixia chassis using the
Tcl API, or any other Ixia application.
Windows Client Unix Client
Tcl Script Tcl Scripts
Ixia Tcl Client Ixia Tcl Client
Windows Host
Tcl Server
Ixia Tcl Client
Ixia Chassis
IxServer
Hardware Load Modules
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Key Features • Designed as an extension to Tcl/Tk software that can be

loaded into custom Tcl applications
• Command structure is consistent with typical Tcl applica-
tions available on the Internet
• Implemented in C++
• Operates on Windows, UNIX and Linux platforms
• Available to UNIX users with an additional Tcl Server module
Benefits • Quickly create custom scripts to automate product development

• Create custom tests that can be easily implemented across
tens to thousands of ports
• Allows easy management of Ixia hardware from the
command line
• Easy repeatability of tests to help isolate problems and
determine the impact of proposed solutions
Tcl Command Library The Ixia Tcl Command Library is a set of Tcl commands that
form the Tcl API and are used to configure all aspects of
Ixia product operation:
• Chassis, Load Module and port setup including timing, trans-

mit modes, receive modes, and low level interface operation
• Data transmission
• Data capture and statistics
• Protocol server operation for IP, IPv6, ARP, IGMP, MLD,
BGP4, OSPF, IS-IS, IS-ISv6, RSVP-TE, LDP, RIP, RIPng,
PIM-SM and PIM-SMv6
The command library contains a set of high level com-

mands that permits common operations to be performed
across
one or multiple Ixia ports. This provides a powerful means
to create customized applications to control testing.
Architecture From Windows based clients, Tcl scripts can access Ixia
hardware remotely via the Tcl HAL (Tcl Hardware Abstraction
Layer) interface. This interface serializes communications
to the IxServer software running on the Ixia chassis.
IxServer directly controls the hardware Load Modules on
the chassis. From UNIX clients, a Tcl server is utilized, run-
ning either
on the chassis or an intermediate Windows host.
Product Ordering Information The Tcl API is included with the standard IxOS distribution.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Ixia Linux Software

Development Kit
The Ixia Linux Software Development Kit (SDK) contains the
tools and documentation required to build custom distributed
applications to run on Ixia’s processor based Load Modules.
Custom applications can be used in conjunction with Ixia
developed applications. Users who write custom test applica-
tions for Linux PCs can now move those applications onto Ixia
Load Modules to reduce space and management overhead.
Ixia Chassis
Application Linux System Port
1
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
Ixia Communications
Link
Ixia Communications
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Trig
TM
Ixia Communications
Half
Port
1
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
Ixia Communications
Link
ll
Ixia Communications
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
TM
Ixia Communications
Port
1
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
Ixia Communications
Link
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Trig
TM
Ixia Communications
Half
Ixia Communications
Port
1
Link
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
Ixia Communications
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Trig
TM
Ixia Communications
Half
Port
1
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
Ixia Communications
Link
Ixia Communications
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Trig
TM
Ixia Communications
Half
Port
1
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
Ixia Communications
Link
ll
Ixia Communications
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
TM
Port
1
Link
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
TM
Port
1
Link
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
TM
Port
1
Link
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
TM
Port
1
Link
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
TM
Port
1
Link
Tx/Co
IXIA
communications
ll
100
Rx/Er
r
Half
Trig
TM
Link
IXIA
communications
L/Err Half
TM
Link
IXIA
communications
L/Err Half
TM
Link
IXIA
communications
L/Err Half
TM
Link
IXIA
communications
L/Err Half
TM
Link
IXIA
communications
L/Err Half
TM
1 1 1 1 1
Rx Rx Rx Rx Rx
Compile Download
Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half Link 100 Half 2 2 2 2 2
Tx Tx Tx Tx Tx
Rx Rx Rx Rx Rx
PBX
Ixia Load Modules

running Linux
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Load Modules Supported LM100TXS8, LM1000TXS4, LM1000SFPS4
Development System Debian 3.0 or Red Hat Linux 7.3 or later; 128 MB RAM,
Requirements 2GB hard drive space
Cross-compiler GNU GCC 2.95, GCC 3.0.2
Embedded OS Linux Kernel 2.4
Benefits • Boost performance of custom test applications using the most

compact form factor test hardware available in the industry
• Eliminate problems of maintaining multiple PCs with multi-
ple software versions
• Reduce cost and real estate by moving to a single,
easy-to-manage Ixia platform
• Streamline processes to compile, download and run
your custom application on Ixia Load Module processors
• Create realistic scenarios using Ixia’s Layer 2-3 wire-speed
traffic generation engine in conjunction with custom
test applications
• Utilize the Linux TCP stack to create Layer 4-7 traffic such
as HTTP, FTP, and Telnet to simulate real-world network traffic
Porting Applications Ixia‘s Linux implementation follows the Linux Standard Base,
so porting Linux applications to the Ixia Load Modules is
often as simple as recompiling them using the cross-compiler
included in the Ixia Linux SDK. The resulting applications
can be built into the default load image for all Load
Modules on
a chassis, or can be downloaded to individual Load Modules
via FTP.
Architecture A typical configuration for running Linux applications on Ixia

Load Modules includes the user‘s Linux PC, Ixia Chassis run-
ning Windows and standard Ixia software (IxServer and
IxExplorer), processor based Load Modules, and a user-supplied
Device Under Test (DUT) connected to the test ports of the
Load Modules.
The following sequence of steps occurs when a test is

run on an Ixia platform:
• A server application running on the chassis (IxServer)

is started, and locates all the Load Modules present in
Phone 877 FOR IXIA the chassis
www.ixiacom.com
• IxServer downloads an image containing Ixia Linux and

a set of standard and/or custom applications onto the
Load Modules
• IxServer sets up a management IP address for each port
CPU on each Load Module
User applications running on the port CPUs can use standard

Linux system services and commands, and may communicate
with the user‘s PC via TCP/IP over the management network,
or with the DUT via the test network port. User applications
running on the the user's PC can control custom applications
on the Ixia Load Modules via TCP/IP, and can use the optional
Ixia C++ and TCL APIs to request wire-speed traffic generation
or analysis.
SDK-LINUX-370....................... IxOS Release 3.70 Linux SDK for Linux-based CPU per
port Load Modules (licensed per developer)
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Interfaces Ixia p. 107
10 Gigabit Universal
Load Module
(LAN, WAN, OC-192c POS)
Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Universal Load Module is a comprehen-
sive wire-speed traffic generation, capture, analysis, and
routing performance verification tool. The Load Module
is configurable for 10 GbE LAN/WAN, OC-192c Packet
Over SONET (POS), and OC-192c Bit Error Rate Testing
(BERT). The 10 Gigabit Universal Load Module can be
ordered with fixed 10G optics or with a 10G Small Form
Factor Pluggable (XFP) interface. It supports the latest
revision of the 10G XFP Multi-Source Agreement (MSA).
10 Gigabit Universal Load Module.
10 Gigabit Universal Load Module with XFP.

Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
10 GbE LAN/WAN When configured as 10 GbE LAN/WAN, the 10 Gigabit

Universal Load Module provides wire-speed traffic genera-
tion, capture, analysis, and routing protocol performance
verification for IEEE 802.3ae-compliant 10GBASE-R (LAN)
and 10GBASE-W (WAN) devices.
OC-192c The 10 Gigabit Universal Load Module can also be con-

figured for OC-192c, making it a comprehensive tool
for testing network elements with Packet Over SONET/SDH
interfaces operating at the STS-192c/STM-64 levels. This
configuration offers full wire-speed packet generation,
providing unrivaled capability to test the full network path
through a single device or through the network itself.
BERT In the BERT configuration, the 10 Gigabit Universal Load

Module functions as a SONET-framed BERT Load Module
that delivers cost-effective Layer 1 testing capabilities. In
this configuration, the Load Module allows manufacturers
and network operators to stress test their equipment using
industry standard PRBS patterns. With extensive access
to SONET overhead bytes and the ability to monitor and
inject errors in individual SONET frames, the 10 Gigabit
Universal Load Module delivers comprehensive Layer 1
performance verification.
Flexible Traffic Generation Traffic is generated in real-time by intelligent logic imple-

mented in FPGAs on each Ixia port. Data is generated on
each port by defining up to 256 streams. Within each
stream, millions of packets can be defined with completely
customizable characteristics for every packet header field.
Customizable payload content can also be defined.
Real-Time Latency Packets representing different types of traffic profiles can

be associated with Packet Group Identifiers (PGIDs). The
receiving port measures the minimum, maximum, and
average latency in real-time for each packet belonging
to different groups.

Packet Streams
The packet streams transmit engine allows generation of up
Phone 877 FOR IXIA to 256 unique streams on each port. Multiple streams can
www.ixiacom.com
be defined in sequence containing multiple packets with

custom characteristics. After transmission of all packets
in the first stream, control is passed to the next defined
stream in the sequence. After reaching the last stream in
the sequence, transmission may either cease or control
may be passed on to any other stream in the sequence.
Therefore, multiple streams are cycled through, represen-
ting different traffic profiles to simulate real world traffic.

Up to 160 unique streams can be interleaved per port,
each having its own packet characteristics and rate. For
example, presume that Port 1 is made up of three streams.
If Stream 1 is defined with IP packets at 20% of line uti-
lization, Stream 2 is defined with TCP packets at 50% of
line utilization, and Stream 3 is defined with MPLS packets
at 30% of line utilization, data on Port 1 will be transmitted
at an aggregate utilization of 100% with interleaved IP,
TCP, and MPLS packets.
Extensive Statistics • Real-time 64-Bit counts and frame rates

• Spreadsheet format for convenient manipulation of
statistics counters
• Eight Quality of Service counters (supporting 802.1p,
and IPv4 TOS measurements)
• Up to four user-defined statistics are available that use
a trigger condition
• Extended statistics for ARP, ICMP, BGP, OSPF, IS-IS,
RSVP-TE, and LDP
Data Capture Each port is equipped with 32 MB of capture memory,

which can store tens of thousands of packets in real-time.
The capture buffer can be configured to store packets
based on user-defined trigger and filter conditions. Decodes
for IPv4, IPv6, UDP, ARP, BGP-4, IS-IS, OSPF, TCP, DHCP,
IPX, RIP, IGMP, CISCO ISL, VLAN, and MPLS are provided.
Routing Protocols The 10 Gigabit Universal Load Module supports all Ixia
Protocol Emulation Suites, including routing (BGP-4, OSPF,
IS-IS, and RIP) for IPv4 and IPv6 as well as MPLS signaling
(RSVP-TE, LDP), L2/L3 VPNs, and multicast protocols (IGMP,
MLD, and PIM-SM). Protocol emulation is driven by the
local processor, that gives a scalable, distributed process-
ing engine that enhances the performance of the protocol
state machines.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Data Integrity As packets traverse through routers and the IP header

contents are changed, the CRC value is recalculated by
the router. To validate router performance, the data integrity
function of the 10 Gigabit Universal Load Module allows
packet payload contents to be verified with a unique CRC
that is independent of the packet CRC. This ensures that the
payload is not disturbed as the router changes header fields.
Sequence Checking Sequence numbers can be inserted at a user-defined offset

in the payload of each transmitted packet. Groups of
packets, associated by unique identifiers, can be defined.
Upon receipt of these packets through the Device Under
Test (DUT), out of sequence errors for each group of pack-
ets are reported in real-time at wire-speed rates.
Tcl API Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Universal Load Modules are supported

by a full Tcl Application Programming Interface (API). This
API allows users to develop custom scripts and integrate
the modules into automated test environments.
BERT Ixia has extended its ease-of-use capabilities to the Universal

Load Module with its BERT configuration by offering easy
setup, extensive statistics, and remote port management.
The receive port can automatically detect incoming PRBS
patterns and can operate independently of the transmit
port. In addition, the module also provides an extensive
set of BERT and SONET statistics. Each statistic can be
configured to provide audio and visual alerts, as well as
long-term file logging.
APS Testing Ixia’s BERT Load Modules offer precision, user-definable

rates for SONET alarm and error insertions. Combined
with the module’s Service Disruption measurement capa-
bilities, users can easily validate Automatic Protection
Switchover (APS) thresholds for a variety of error modes.
Compatibility Ixia’s BERT Load Modules use industry standard PRBS

patterns and G.826 statistics and are fully compatible
with SONET-framed BERTs from other vendors.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
General Interface Specifications
Number of Ports/ 1/SC (Fixed) or XFP-slot

Interface Options
Optical Interface (nm) 1310, 1550, or XFP (Supports transceivers compliant

to the XFP MSA)
1310 nm 1550 nm XFP

Transmit Output Power from -6 to -1dBm from -1 to 2dBm Module
Receiver Sensitivity -11dBm -14dBm Dependent
Receiver Overload -1dBm -1dBm
Capture Buffer 32 MB per port, configurable trigger, and filter conditions
Number of Streams 256 (Packet Streams) or 160 (Advanced Stream

Scheduler)
Transmit Engine Built-in FPGA logic for wire-speed packet generation

with timestamps, sequence numbers, and packet
group signatures
Receive Engine Built-in FPGA logic for wire-speed packet filtering,

capturing, real-time latency for each packet group, data
integrity, and sequence checking
Applications • IxExplorer: Layer 2 and Layer 3 wire speed traffic

generation and analysis
• Protocol Emulation: BGP-4, OSPF, MPLS (RSVP-TE, LDP),
IS-IS, L2/L3 VPNs, RIPng, IS-ISv6, BGP+, MLD, PIM-SM
and IGMP on local port processor
• ScriptMate: Tcl scripts for automated Layer 2/3 testing
• Tcl: Custom user development
10 Gigabit Ethernet LAN and WAN Specifications
Frame Length Fixed, Random (Specify Min./Max.), Increment from 24

bytes to 64K bytes
SONET Statistics (WAN) Link State, Line Speed, Section LOS, Section LOF, Section
BIP (B1), Line AIS, Line RDI, Line REI (FEBE), Line BIP (B2),
Path AIS, Path RDI, Path REI (FEBE), Path BIP (B3), Path
LOP, Path Signal Label (C2)
Ethernet Statistics Link State, Line Speed, Frames Sent, Valid Frames Received,
Bytes Sent/Received, Fragments, Undersize, Oversize, CRC
Errors, Flow Control Frames, VLAN Tagged Frames, Line
Errors, User-Defined Stat 1, User Defined Stat 2, Capture
Trigger (UDS 3), Capture filter (UDS 4), User-Defined Stat
5, User Defined Stat 6, 8 QoS Counters, ARP, and Ping
Requests and Replies
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
International + 818.871.1800 continued next page
www.ixiacom.com
UDF (User Definable Fields) 4 UDFs with fixed, increment or decrement by user-defined
step, persistent, cascade and random modes
Filters 48-Bit Source/Destination Address, 2x128-Bit User-

Definable Pattern and Offset, Frame Length Range,
CRC Error
Scrambling (WAN) 1+X43 payload scrambling (optional)

SONET Error Insertion (WAN) Insert single, continuous, or user-defined rates for Section
LOF, B1, B2, B3, and Line
Ethernet Error Generation CRC (Good/Bad/None), Undersize, Oversize
MAC Source and Destination Fixed, Increment, Decrement or Random, with User Defined
Override (Mask) to Force any Bit(s) to 1 or 0
IPv4 Source and Destination Fixed, Increment, Decrement, or Random, with Subnet Mask
IPv6 Source and Destination Fixed, Increment, Decrement, with Subnet Mask
Data Field Inc byte, inc word, dec byte, dec word, random, repeating,
fixed, user configurable, load from file, CJPAT, and CRPAT
patterns
LAN
Maximum Packet Rate Up to 14.88 Million
Packets/Sec @ 64 Bytes with
Minimum Legal Gap (12 bytes)
Between Packets and
Preamble (8 bytes). Ability to
exceed the maximum packet
rate using less than legal
minimum gap
IPv4, UDP, TCP Hardware checksum generation
VLAN Statistics and Generation of 802.1p, q VLAN Frames
Flow Control Statistics, Response, and Generation of 802.3x Flow

Control Frames
Latency Measurements 20ns resolution
Trigger Out 2 SMA connectors provide triggers
Visual and Audible Alerts All Statistics
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
OC-192c/STM-64 POS Specifications
Layer 2 Encapsulation Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) over SONET/SDH as per RFC

2615, Cisco HDLC, Frame Relay, and User-Defined Header
PPP Complete LCP, IPCP, OSICP, and MPLSCP Negotiation
Scrambling 1+X43 payload scrambling
Traffic Types Full Multilayer (IP, TCP, UDP, IGMP, ICMP, RIP, DHCP)
performance traffic generation at full wire-speed
Latency Measurements 20ns Resolution
Trigger Out 2 SMA connectors provide triggers
Maximum Packet Rate 29.22 million packets/sec @ 40 bytes

Specify Minimum (1 flag) Number of Flags Between Packets
Frame Length Fixed, Random (Specify Min./Max.)

From 40 Bytes to 64KB
SONET Statistics Link State, Line Speed, Section LOS, Section LOF, Section
Path AIS, Path RDI, Path REI (FEBE), Path BIP (B3), Path LOP,
Path Signal Label (C2), Input Signal Strength
Packet Statistics Frames Sent, Valid Frames Received, Bytes Sent, Bytes
Received, FCS Errors, User-Defined Stat 1, User Defined
Stat 2, Capture Trigger (UDS 3), Capture Filter (UDS 4),
User-Defined Stats 5, User-Defined Stat 4
Error and Alarm Generation Insert single, continuous or user-defined rates for Section
LOF, B1, B2, B3, Line and Path AIS, REI (FEBE), and RDI.
J0, J1 Trace Message Insertion/Capture
D1-D12 Data Communication Channel Insertion/Capture
APS Testing K1/K2 Bytes - set/read
Data Field Inc byte, inc word, dec byte, dec word, random, repeating,
fixed, user configurable, load from file
Filters 2x 128-Bit User-Definable Pattern and Offset, Frame Length

Range, CRC Error
IP, UDP, TCP Hardware Checksum Generation
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
BERT Specifications
PRBS Patterns 2n-1, n={11,15,20,23,31}, PRBS can be Inverted. All

Zeros, Alternating Ones/Zeros, User Defined
Alarms Link State, Line Speed, Section LOS, Section LOF, Line and
Path AIS, RDI, Path PLM (C2), Path LOP
Counters and Rates Section BIP (B1), Line BIP (B2), Path BIP (B3), Line and Path
REI (FEBE), Mismatched 1s, Mismatched 0s
Error and Alarm Generation Insert single, continuous or user-defined rates for bit errors,
Section LOF, B1, B2, B3, Line and Path AIS, REI (FEBE),
and RDI. J0, J1 Trace Message Insertion/Capture; D1-D12
Data Communication Channel Insertion/Capture
Statistics Bits Sent/Received, Bit Errors Sent/Received, Pattern

Lock Indicator, Block Error State, Elapsed Test Time,
Input Signal Strength
G.826 Measurements Errored Seconds, Severely Errored Seconds, Error Free

(Counts and Rates) Seconds, Available Seconds, Unavailable Seconds,
Errored Blocks, Background Block Errors, Bit Error Ratio,
Errored Seconds Ratio, Severely Errored Seconds Ratio,
Background Block Error Ratio, Counts of errored and
unavailable seconds for every supported SONET alarm
and error type
APS Testing K1/K2 Bytes – set/read; Service Disruption (min, max,

last, cumulative) – millisecond granularity
Eye Pattern Generation The OC-192c BERT option offer a 311.04 MHz +/- 20-
PPM clock output via a front panel SMA connector. This
facilitates generation of an eye pattern on an external
oscilloscope. Clocking is via internal oscillator or through
clock recovery from the received signal
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
LM10GULF-P…………............. 1-Port 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, 1310 nm,

Singlemode, Full Features; PowerPC with 256MB. Configu-
ration options (must select at least one) are 10GE LAN/
WAN, OC-192c POS, and OC-192c BERT
LM10GUEF-P…………............. 1-Port 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, 1550 nm,

Singlemode, Full Features; PowerPC with 256MB.
Configuration options (must select at least one) are 10GE
LAN/WAN, OC-192c POS, and OC-192c BERT
LM10GUPF-XFP....................... 1-port, 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, XFP–plu-

gable, Full Features; PowerPC with 256 MB. Configuration
options (must select at least one) are 10 GbE LAN/WAN,
OC-192c POS, and OC-192c BERT. (Does Not Include XFP
Transceiver)
LM10GULF............................. 1-port, 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, 1310 nm,

single mode, Full Features; configuration options (must
select at least one) are 10 GbE LAN/WAN, OC-192c
POS, and OC-192c BERT
LM10GUEF............................. 1-port, 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, 1550 nm,

single mode, Full Features; configuration options (must
OPT10GELWAN..................... 10GE LAN/WAN configuration option for Universal Base

Load Module
OPTOC192POS..................... OC-192c POS configuration option for Universal Base

Load Module
OPTOC192BERT..................... OC-192c BERT configuration option for Universal Base

Load Module
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
10 Gigabit Ethernet
LAN Load Module
Ixia’s family of 10 Gigabit Ethernet optical Load Modules
offers the industry’s most comprehensive wire-speed traffic
generation, capture, analysis, and routing protocol per-
formance verification tools for IEEE 802.3ae compliant
10GBASE-R (LAN) devices.
Ixia offers both the 10GBASE-R (LAN), as well as a Universal

Load Module with configurations for combinations of OC-192c
Packet Over SONET (POS) and OC-192c Bit Error Rate Testing
(BERT). All Load Modules can be configured within a single
chassis, utilizing the same software.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
802.3ae PHY LAN
802.3ae PMD 10GBASE-SR 10GBASE-LR 10GBASE-ER
Optical Interface (nm) 850 nm 1310 nm 1550 nm

Multimode Singlemode Singlemode
Optical Tx Power (dBm) -5 to -1 -6 to -1 -1 to 2
Optical Rx Sensitivity (dBm) -7 to -1 -11 to -1 -14 to -1
Connector Type Dual SC coupler
Number of Ports 1 per Load Module
Capture Buffer 32 MB per port, configurable trigger and filter conditions
Number of Streams 256 (Packet Streams) or 160 (Advanced Stream Scheduler)
Transmit Engine Built-in FPGA logic for wire-speed packet generation with
timestamps, sequence numbers, and packet group signatures
Receive Engine Built-in FPGA logic for wire-speed packet filtering, captur-
ing, real-time latency for each packet group, data integrity,
and sequence checking
Ethernet Statistics and Rates Link State, Line Speed, Frames Sent, Valid Frames Received,
Counter Size: 64 bits Bytes Sent/Received, Fragments, Undersize, Oversize, CRC
Errors, Flow Control Frames, VLAN Tagged Frames, Line
Errors, User-Defined Stat 1, User Defined Stat 2, Capture
Trigger (UDS 3), Capture filter (UDS 4), User-Defined Stat 5,
User Defined Stat 6, 8 QoS Counters, ARP, and Ping
Requests and Replies
Filters 48-Bit Source/Destination Address, 2x 128-Bit User-

Definable Pattern and Offset, Frame Length Range, CRC
Error, Data Integrity Error, Sequence Error
Latency Measurements 20 ns resolution
step, persistent, cascade, and random modes
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Flexible Packet Generation Traffic is generated in real-time by intelligent logic imple-

mented in FPGAs on each Ixia port. Data is generated
on each port by defining up to 256 streams. Within each
stream, millions of packets can be configured with com-
pletely customizable characteristics for every packet header
field. Customizable payload contents can also be defined.


Packet Streams
The packet streams transmit engine allows generation of up
to 256 unique streams on each port. Multiple streams can
be defined in sequence containing multiple packets with
custom characteristics. After transmission of all packets in
the first stream, control is passed to the next defined stream
in the sequence. After reaching the last stream in the sequence,
transmission may either cease or control may be passed
on to any other stream in the sequence. Therefore, multiple
streams are cycled through, representing different traffic
profiles to simulate real world traffic.

If Stream 1 is defined with IP packets at 20% of line
utilization, Stream 2 is defined with TCP packets at 50%
of line utilization, and Stream 3 is defined with MPLS
packets at 30% of line utilization, data on Port 1 will be
transmitted at an aggregate utilization of 100% with
interleaved IP, TCP, and MPLS packets.

• Spreadsheet format for convenient manipulation of
statistics counters
• Eight Quality of Service counters (supporting 802.1p
a trigger condition
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
• Extended statistics for ARP, ICMP, BGP, OSPF, IS-IS, RSVP-

TE, and LDP
• Link fault signaling

The capture buffer can be configured to store packets
based on user-defined trigger and filter conditions.
Decodes for IPv4, IPv6, UDP, ARP, BGP-4, IS-IS, OSPF, TCP,
DHCP, IPX, RIP, IGMP, CISCO ISL, VLAN, and MPLS are
provided.
Routing Protocols The 10 Gigabit Ethernet Optical Load Modules support

all Ixia Protocol Emulation Suites, including routing (BGP-4,
OSPF, IS-IS, and RIP) for IPv4 and IPv6 as well as MPLS sig-
naling (RSVP-TE, LDP), L2/L3 VPNs, and multicast protocols
(IGMP, MLD, and PIM-SM).

the router. To validate router performance, the 10 Gigabit
Ethernet Load Module data integrity function allows packet
payload contents to be verified with a unique CRC that
is independent of the packet CRC. This ensures that the pay-
load is not disturbed as the router changes header fields.
Tcl API Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Load Modules are supported by a full

Tcl Application Programming Interface (API). This API allows
users to develop custom scripts and integrate the modules
into automated test environments.
Manufacturing Version Ixia offers a low cost version of the LAN Load Module for
testing that does not require real-time latency and routing pro-
tocol performance verification. Primary applications include
hardware development and manufacturing environments.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
LM10GE221M....................... 1-port, 10GBASE-SR (LAN-M), 850 nm, Multimode,

Manufacturing version
LM10GE221F......................... 1-port, 10GBASE-SR (LAN), 850 nm, Multimode, Full features
LM10GE223M....................... 1-port, 10GBASE-LR (LAN-M), 1310 nm, Singlemode,

LM10GE223F......................... 1-port, 10GBASE-LR (LAN), 1310 nm, Singlemode, Full features
LM10GE224M....................... 1-port, 10GBASE-ER (LAN-M), 1550 nm, Singlemode,

LM10GE224F......................... 1-port, 10GBASE-ER (LAN), 1550 nm, Singlemode, Full features
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
10 Gigabit Ethernet
XENPAK Load Module
Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Ethernet XENPAK Load Modules accept
XENPAK compliant front panel, hot-pluggable, transceivers.
The Load Modules offer wire-speed traffic generation,
capture, analysis, BERT, and routing protocol performance
verification tools for testing multiple interfaces within a
single platform.
The 10 Gigabit Ethernet XENPAK Load Module implements

the XENPAK Multi-Source Agreement (MSA) and supports
IEEE 802.3ae approved interfaces via an industry standard
electrical 70 pin connector. Ixia’s XENPAK test tools can
be used to validate XENPAK transceivers and 10 Gigabit
Ethernet optical switches and routers.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
PMDs Supports IEEE 802.3ae PMDs compliant to XENPAK MSA
XENPAK Connector Industry standard electrical 70 pin connector
In-line Network Monitoring Yes

bytes to 64 K bytes in 1 byte increments
Receive Engine Built-in FPGA logic for wire-speed packet filtering, capturing,
real-time latency for each packet group, data integrity, and
sequence checking
Statistics and Rates Link State, Line Speed, Frames Sent, Valid Frames Received,
Counter Size: 64-Bit Bytes Sent/Received, Fragments, Undersize, Oversize,
CRC Errors, Flow Control Frames, VLAN Tagged Frames,
Line Errors, User-Defined Stat 1, User-Defined Stat 2,
Capture Trigger (UDS 3), Capture filter (UDS 4), User-
Defined Stat 5, User Defined Stat 6, 8 QoS Counters,
ARP, and Ping Requests and Replies
step, cascade, persistent, and random modes
Data Field Inc byte, inc word, dec byte, dec word, random, repeat-
ing, fixed, user configurable, load from file, CJPAT, and
CRPAT patterns
Filters 48-Bit Source/Destination Address, 32-Bit Frame Type,

2x 128-Bit User-Definable Pattern and Offset,
Frame Length Range, CRC Error, Data Integrity,
Sequence Error
Error Generation CRC (Good/Bad/None), Undersize, Oversize
Statistics (BERT) Bits Sent/Received, Bit Errors Sent/Received, Pattern Lock

Indicator, Block Error State, Elapsed Test Time
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com



Packet Streams
The packet streams transmit engine allows generation of
up to 256 unique streams on each port. Multiple streams
can be defined in sequence containing multiple packets
with custom characteristics. After transmission of all packets
Therefore, multiple streams are cycled through, represen-
ting different traffic profiles to simulate real world traffic.

If Stream 1 is defined with IP packets at 20% of line
utilization, Stream 2 is defined with TCP packets at 50%
of line utilization, and Stream 3 is defined with MPLS
packets at 30% of line utilization, data on Port 1 will be
transmitted at an aggregate utilization of 100% with
interleaved IP, TCP, and MPLS packets.
Data Capture Each port is equipped a 32 MB capture buffer, which can

store tens of thousands of packets in real-time. A comprehen-
sive set of user-defined triggers and filters is available based on
source and/or destination MAC and/or IP addresses, data
pattern, and error conditions. The user can configure the
port for continuous or trigger capture and specify packets to
be captured before and after the trigger conditions.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Decodes for IPv4, IPv6, UDP, ARP, BGP-4, IS-IS, OSPF, TCP,
DHCP, IPX, RIP, IGMP, CISCO ISL, VLAN, and MPLS are
provided.

• Spread sheet format for convenient manipulation of
statistics counters
• Eight Quality of Service counters (supporting 802.1p, and
IPv4 TOS measurements)
a trigger condition
• Extended statistics for ARP, ICMP, BGP, OSPF, IS-IS, RSVP-TE,
and LDP
• Count and rate of a variety of BER statistics
Routing Protocols The Load Modules support all Ixia Protocol Emulation
Suites, including routing (BGP-4, OSPF, IS-IS, and RIP) for
IPv4 and IPv6 as well as MPLS signaling (RSVP-TE, LDP),
L2/L3 VPNs, and multicast protocols (IGMP, MLD, and PIM-
SM).
In-Line Network Monitoring The 10 Gigabit Ethernet XENPAK Load Module can be
configured to be used in-line with the network and can
passively monitor at full wire-speed. This is a very useful
feature for network troubleshooting and elminates the
need for optical splitters.
Layer 1 BERT The 10 Gigabit Ethernet XENPAK Load Module supports Bit
Error Rate Testing (BERT), providing industry standard PRBS
patterns, counts, and rates enabling testing of the 802.3ae
XAUI physical layer. It is configurable for concatenated
BERT for single pattern and statistics over all four channels,
or channelized for independent pattern and statistics on
each of the four channels.
MDIO A Management Data Input/Output (MDIO) interface is pro-

vided to the user directly through the industry standard 70
pin XENPAK connector. The Ixia Load Module acts as the
Station Management entity (STA), and can control one or
more MDIO Manageable Devices (MMD) within a XENPAK
transceiver. Multiple MMDs can be attached to the inter-
face. The user can set and read the MDIO control/status
Phone 877 FOR IXIA registers inside a MMD via a Graphical User Interface.
www.ixiacom.com
Tcl API Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Load Modules are supported by a full Tcl
Application Programming Interface (API). This API allows
Manufacturing Version Ixia offers a low cost version of the XENPAK Load Module for
testing that does not require real-time latency and routing pro-
tocol performance verification. Primary applications include
hardware development and manufacturing environments.
LM10GE700F1.......................1-port, XENPAK, Full features (Does not include transpon-

der)
LM10GE700M1......................1-port, XENPAK, Manufacturing Version (Does not include

transponder)
LM10GE700F1B.....................1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit XENPAK Ethernet/BERT Load

Module, Full features (Does not include XENPAK transponder)
LM10GE700M1B....................1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit XENPAK BERT Load Module,

Manufacturing Version (Does not include XENPAK transponder)
LM10GE700M2B....................1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit XENPAK Ethernet/BERT Load

Module, Manufacturing Version (Does not include XENPAK
transponder)
LM10GE700F1-P………...........1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit Ethernet Load Module,

PowerPC with 256MB, Full Features. Supports Routing and
Linux-based Applications. (Does not include transceiver)
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
10 Gigabit Ethernet XAUI

Load Module
Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Ethernet XAUI Load Modules offer IEEE
802.3ae compliant wire-speed traffic generation, capture,
and analysis for testing Quad SerDes, XENPAK, and other
devices with a XAUI interface.
The 10 Gigabit Ethernet XAUI Load Modules are also

configurable for Bit Error Rate Testing (BERT), concatenated
for single pattern and statistics over all four channels, or
channelized for independent pattern and statistics on each
of the four channels. Industry standard PRBS patterns, counts,
and rates enable testing of 802.3ae XAUI physical layer.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
XAUI Tx/Rx Connector Type Single Fujitsu 8-pair MicroGiga (FCN-268D008-G/1D

or /2D)
Clock In/Out 2 SMA connectors with clock frequency requirements of

Connector Type 156.25 MHz ± 100 ppm
MDIO Connector Type 15-pin female D-sub
Transmit Modes Configurable for Ethernet only, BERT only, or Ethernet and
BERT modes
BERT Modes Concatenated for single BER pattern and statistics over all 4
channels or channelized for independent BER pattern and
statistics on each of the 4 channels


with timestamps, sequence numbers, and packet group
signatures
real-time latency for each packet group, data integrity,
BER Measurements (BERT) Errored Seconds, Severely Errored Seconds, Error Free
Counts and Rates Seconds, Available Seconds, Unavailable Seconds, Errored
Blocks, Background Block Errors, Bit Error Ratio, Errored
Seconds Ratio, Severely Errored Seconds Ratio and
Background Block Error Ratio
Statistics (BERT) Bits Sent/Received, Bit Errors Sent/Received, Pattern Lock

Indicator, Block Error State, Elapsed Test Time
Counters and Rates (BERT) Mismatched 1s, Mismatched 0s
PRBS Patterns (BERT) 2n-1, n={7,9,11,15,20,23,31}, All Zeros, Alternating

Ones/Zeros, low freq, mixed freq, continuous random, con-
tinuous jitter. PRBS can be Inverted as well as User-Defined
Filters 48-Bit Source/Destination Address, 32-Bit Frame Type, 2x

128-Bit User-Definable Pattern and Offset, Frame Length
Range, CRC Error, Data Integrity Error, Sequence Error
Phone 877 FOR IXIA continued next page

www.ixiacom.com
Ethernet Error Generation CRC (Good/Bad/None), Undersize, Oversize. 4 UDFs

UDF (User Definable Fields) with fixed, increment or decrement by user-defined step,
persistent, cascade, and random modes
Data Field Inc byte, inc word, dec byte, dec word, random,
repeating, fixed, user configurable, load from file,
CJPAT and CRPAT patterns
Bit Error Generation (BERT) Insert single, continuous or user-defined rates for bit errors

stream, millions of packets can be configured with completely
customizable characteristics for every packet header field.
Customizable payload contents can also be defined.

receiving port measures the minimum, maximum, and aver-
age latency in real-time for each packet belonging to
different groups.

Packet Streams
Therefore, multiple streams are cycled through, representing
different traffic profiles to simulate real world traffic.

If Stream 1 is defined with IP packets at 20% of line utiliza-
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
tion, Stream 2 is defined with TCP packets at 50% of line
International + 818.871.1800 utilization, and Stream 3 is defined with MPLS packets at
www.ixiacom.com
30% of line utilization, data on Port 1 will be transmitted


• Spread sheet format for convenient manipulation of statistics
counters
• Up to six user-defined statistics are available that use
a trigger condition
• Count and rate of a variety of BER statistics

sive set of user-defined triggers and filters is available based
on source and/or destination MAC and/or IP addresses,
data pattern, and error conditions. The user can configure the
be captured before and after the trigger conditions. Decodes
for IPv4, IPv6, UDP, ARP, BGP-4, IS-IS, OSPF, TCP, DHCP, IPX,
RIP, IGMP, CISCO ISL, VLAN, and MPLS are provided.
Tcl API Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Load Modules are supported by a full

Tcl Application Programming Interface (API). This API allows
Interface Connectors XAUI Transmit and Receive

Eight XAUI lanes, four transmit and four receive, are provid-
ed via a single Fujitsu 8-pair MicroGiga connector. In
addition, Ixia supplies a single cross-pinned flexible cable
assembly, which allows a straight connection between the
MicroGiga connector on the Ixia Load Module and the DUT.

vided to the user via a 15-pin female D-sub connector. The
10 Gigabit Ethernet XAUI Load Module acts as the Station
Management entity (STA), and can control one, or more
Phone 877 FOR IXIA MDIO Manageable Devices (MMD) in the users‘ system.
International + 818.871.1800 Multiple MMDs can be attached to the interface. The user
www.ixiacom.com
can set/read the MDIO control/status registers inside

a MMD via a Graphical User Interface. The MDIO/MDC
interface has a clock line (MDC) and bi-directional data
line (MDIO) as defined in IEEE 802.3ae.
Clock In/Out Two coaxial connectors provide clock input and clock output
to allow the user to phase lock the XAUI interface with the
DUT. The frequency requirements of the clock are 156.25
MHz ± 100ppm.
XAUI SMA Adapter Ixia offers a separate box, which connects directly to the
cross-pinned cable assembly and separates each XAUI lane
into differential pairs via coaxial connectors. This allows
for direct connection to the DUT using 16 coaxial cables.
LM10GE500F1...................... XAUI Ethernet Load Module, Cable Assembly, Fujitsu

MicroGiga Connector
LM10GE500M1B................... XAUI BERT Load Module, Cable Assembly, Fujitsu

MicroGiga Connector
LM10GE500F1B.................... XAUI Ethernet and BERT Load Module, Cable Assembly,

Fujitsu MicroGiga Connector
BOB10GE500....................... XAUI SMA Adapter
CAB10GE500S2....................XAUI Cable, 40 inch, Standard Pinout
LPG10GE500........................ XAUI Front Panel Loopback Connector
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
10 Gigabit Ethernet Multi-

MSA Load Module
Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Ethernet Multi-MSA Load Modules accept
hot-pluggable transceiver types based on the following 10G
MSAs (Multi-Source Agreements): XENPAK, X2, XPAK, and
XFP. The Load Modules offer wire-speed traffic generation,
capture, analysis, routing protocol performance verification,
and Bit Error Rate Test (BERT) tools for testing multiple inter-
faces within a single platform.
Ixia’s 10G Multi-MSA test tools can be used to validate

XENPAK, X2, XPAK, and XFP transceivers and 10 Gigabit
Ethernet optical switches and routers.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
PMDs Supports transceivers compliant to the XENPAK, X2, XPAK,

XFP MSAs. Also supports a XAUI interface

In-Line Network Monitoring Yes

with timestamps, sequence numbers, and packet group
signatures
real-time latency for each packet group, data integrity,
Statistics and Rates Link State, Line Speed, Frames Sent, Valid Frames Received,
Counter Size: 64-Bits Bytes Sent/Received, Fragments, Undersize, Oversize,
CRC Errors, Flow Control Frames, VLAN Tagged Frames,
Line Errors, User-Defined Stat 1, User-Defined Stat 2,
Capture Trigger (UDS 3), Capture filter (UDS 4), User-
Defined Stat 5, User-Defined Stat 6, 8 QoS Counters,
ARP, and Ping Requests and Replies
step, persistent, cascade, and random modes
Filters 48-Bit Source/Destination Address, 32-Bit Frame Type,

2x 128-Bit User-Definable Pattern and Offset, Frame Length
Range, CRC Error, Data Integrity Error, Sequence Error
Data Field Inc byte, inc word, dec byte, dec word, random,
repeating, fixed, user configurable, load from file,
CJPAT and CRPAT patterns
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com



Packet Streams
Therefore, multiple streams are cycled through, representing
different traffic profiles to simulate real world traffic.

If Stream 1 is defined with IP packets at 20% of line utiliza-
tion, Stream 2 is defined with TCP packets at 50% of line
utilization, and Stream 3 is defined with MPLS packets at
30% of line utilization, data on Port 1 will be transmitted

statistics counters
a trigger condition
Phone 877 FOR IXIA RSVP-TE, and LDP
www.ixiacom.com


sive set of user-defined triggers and filters is available based
on source and/or destination MAC and/or IP addresses,
data pattern, and error conditions. The user can configure the
be captured before and after the trigger conditions. Decodes
for IPv4, IPv6, UDP, ARP, BGP-4, IS-IS, OSPF, TCP, DHCP, IPX,
RIP, IGMP, CISCO ISL, VLAN, and MPLS are provided.
Routing Protocols The Load Modules support all Ixia Protocol Emulation Suites,
including routing (BGP-4, OSPF, IS-IS, and RIP) for IPv4 and
IPv6 as well as MPLS signaling (RSVP-TE, LDP), L2/L3 VPNs,
and multicast protocols (IGMP, MLD, and PIM-SM).

Ethernet data integrity function allows packet payload
contents to be verified with a unique CRC that is independ-
ent of the packet CRC. This ensures that the payload is
not disturbed as the router changes header fields.
Tcl API Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Load Modules are supported by a full Tcl
In-Line Network Monitoring The 10 Gigabit Ethernet Multi-MSA Load Module can be
configured to be used in-line with the network and can
passively monitor at full wire speed. This is a very useful
feature for network troubleshooting and elminiates the
need for optical splitters.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com

vided to the user directly through the industry standard 70
pin XENPAK connector. The Ixia Load Module acts as the
Station Management entity (STA), and can control one or
more MDIO Manageable Devices (MMD) within a XENPAK
transceiver. Multiple MMDs can be attached to the inter-
face. The user can set and read the MDIO control/status
registers inside a MMD via a Graphical User Interface.
Manufacturing Version Ixia offers a low cost version of the Multi-MSA Load Module
for testing that does not require real-time latency and routing
protocol performance verification. Primary applications
include hardware development and manufacturing environ-
ments.
LM10GE700P3F1...................1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit Multi-MSA Ethernet Load

Module – occupies 3 slots, Full Features. XENPAK-Ready.
(Does not include transceiver)
LM10GE700P3M1................. 1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit Multi-MSA Ethernet Load

Module – occupies 3 slots, Manufacturing Version. XENPAK-
Ready. (Does not include transceiver)
LM10GE700P3F1B.................1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit Ethernet/BERT Multi-MSA Load

Module – occupies 3 slots, Full Features. XENPAK-Ready.
(Does not include transceiver)
LM10GE700P3M1B............... 1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit BERT Multi-MSA Load Module-

occupies 3 slots, XENPAK-Ready. (Does not include transceiver)
LM10GE700P3M2B............... 1-Port Multilayer 10 Gigabit Ethernet/BERT Multi-MSA Load

Module – occupies 3 slots, Manufacturing Version. XENPAK-
Ready. (Does not include transceiver)
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Application
Load Module
Ixia's Application Load Module (ALM) is an ultra-high density
computing platform for running network test applications.
Optimized for stateful, Layer 4-7 transactions, the Application
Load Module enables high performance and high capacity
verification of networks, intelligent network devices and systems.
The ALM provides 8 RISC processors in an incredibly dense

form factor. Up to 16 modules, (128 processors) are sup-
ported in a single Ixia chassis. Each processor operates
independently with its own operating system, memory, and
network interface. This dedicated architecture provides
unprecedented density, performance and flexibility for test-
ing networks, Web sites, VPNs, and other content aware
devices via Ixia’s Routing Emulation Software and Real
World Traffic Suite of applications. An ALM-based system
provides significant advantages compared with standalone
workstations for network and application testing.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Number of Port/Processors 8 per Load Module

per Load Module
Processor/Memory 1856 MIPS PowerPC/512MB

(per port)
Operating System Linux kernel version 2.4.21 or greater
Network Interfaces 8 x 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet, auto-negotiating
Network Connector Type RJ45
Network Cabling Category 5 UTP
Application Support • IxExplorer: Port configuration and statistics

• IxChariot: Enterprise application emulation
• WebLOAD: Web site integrity and performance
• IxWeb: Layer 4 through 7 performance verification
• IxVPN: VPN scalability and performance
• Routing Emulation Software; Support for BGP-4, OSPF,
MPLS (RSVP-TE, LDP), IS-IS, L2/L3 VPNs, RIPng,
IS-ISv6, BGP+, IGMP, and MLD on local port processor
• Tcl API: Custom user script development for
Layer 4-7 testing
• Linux Software Development Kit (SDK): Custom user
application development
Statistics and Rates Link State, Line Speed, Duplex Mode, Frames Sent, Valid
Counter Size: 64 bits Frames Received, Bytes Sent/Received, Fragments,
Undersize, Oversize, CRC Errors, VLAN Tagged Frames,
Flow Control Frames, Dribble Errors, Collisions, Late
Collisions, Excessive Collision Frames, Oversize and CRC
Errors, ARP and PING requests and replies, Port CPU
Bytes/Frames Received, Dropped by Filter Bytes/Frames,
Port CPU Bytes/Frames Dropped
VLAN Statistics and generation of 802.1Q/p VLAN frames
Optimized Testing The Application Load Module is designed to deliver high

performance testing at Layers 4-7. Each high speed RISC
processor runs Linux as its own independent system and
supports 512 MB RAM. Each processor is supported by its
own 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet interface, producing
a dedicated architecture for generating high throughput
and high transaction application load on the network,
device, or system being tested.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Application Testing The ALM architecture provides an optimized platform for

generating high rate application transactions, large ses-
sion/tunnel capacities, and high network throughput load.
The module is ideal for running the Real World Traffic™
application suite, Ixia’s line of Layer 4-7 applications for
testing devices and networks. Application support includes
Ixia’s IxWeb, IxChariot™, IxVPN, and WebLOAD.
IxWeb is an application used for high capacity HTTP, SSL,

FTP and SMTP performance testing. IxChariot™ provides
application traffic simulation and can measure and predict
end-to-end performance. IxVPN is an application that pro-
vides a solution for validating and measuring the scalability
and performance of IPSec devices and networks. WebLOAD
is an application geared for Web site stress testing.
Ultra-High Density With 8 processors per single slot module, the ALM provides
Computing Power incredible computing density. Up to 128 processors are
supported in a single 9U high IXIA 1600T chassis. Up to
256 Ixia chassis can be daisy-chained together to provide
unprecedented scalability. Each processor runs independent-
ly, allowing a mixture of applications to be hosted, or
a single application from a networked console can control
all the processors at once. Multiple users can control sepa-
rate processors concurrently, allowing hardware resources
to be shared.
Custom Application Ixia provides a Software Development Kit (SDK) enabling

Development existing Linux applications to be compiled and run on ALM
ports. Additionally, users can develop custom applications
which can be integrated into the Ixia test environment.
Superior Alternative to For large scale application testing, the ALM provides
“Wall-of-PCs” a number of benefits compared to dedicated workstations.
Cost, power, space, and management requirements are
significantly reduced through Ixia’s integrated design. The
local Ixia chassis, a Pentium-based computer platform,
downloads the applications to the local Linux processors,
eliminating the need for local hard drives per processor.
Support for NFS enables remote file storage. In addition,
each processor supports thousands of MAC addresses per
network port for scalable network testing, a feature not
available on individual workstations.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Extensive Statistics Each processor/port supports a full set of transmit and

receive network statistics:
• Real-Time 64-Bit counts and frame rates

statistics counters
ALM1000T8-C....................... Eight processor Application Load Module with

10/100/1000 Mbps Copper Ethernet interface per port, 512
MB RAM, Linux OS; supports IxChariot and WebLOAD only
ALM1000T8.......................... Eight processor Application Load Module with

10/100/1000 Mbps Copper Ethernet interface per port,
512 MB RAM, Linux OS; supports Real World Traffic™
Suite and Routing Emulation Software
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
TXS 10/100 Mbps

& Gigabit Ethernet
Load Modules
Ixia‘s TXS family of Ethernet Load Modules is the first to offer
wire-speed Layer 2-3 traffic generation and analysis with
high-performance, scalable routing protocol emulation, and
true Layer 4 through Layer 7 session emulation. The TXS
family offers the highest port density solution for auto-nego-
tiable 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet over Copper wires,
as well as Gigabit Ethernet over Fiber – providing up to
240 Gigabit Ethernet test ports on a single chassis.
Every port on a TXS Load Module contains a powerful RISC

processor running the Linux operating system and a full
TCP/IP stack. This architecture gives unprecedented perform-
ance and flexibility when testing Web switches, routers,
Web servers, secure gateways, firewalls, and other content-
aware devices that require upper layer protocol emulation
running simultaneously with wire-speed packet generation.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Load Module LM100TXS8 LM1000TXS4 LM1000SFPS4 OLM1000STXS24

LM100TX8 LM1000TXS4-256 LM1000TXS4-256 OLM1000STX24
LM1000TX4 LM1000SFP4
Connector Type RJ45 RJ45 SFP RJ45 or SFP
Number of Ports 8 4 4 24
Signal Rate 10/100 Mbps 10/100/1000 Mbps 1000 Mbps 10/100/1000 Mbps
Capture Buffer (per port) 6 MB 8 MB
timestamps, sequence numbers, data integrity signature,
and packet group signatures
sequence checking
User Defined Field Features Fixed, increment or decrement by user-defined step, value
lists, range lists, cascade, random
Filters 48-Bit source/destination address, 2x 128-Bit user-definable

pattern and offset, frame length range, CRC error, data
integrity error, sequence checking error (small, big, reverse)
Data Field (per stream) Fixed, increment (Byte/Word), decrement (Byte/Word),

random, repeating, user-specified up to 13K bytes
Statistics and Rates: Link State, Line Speed, Frames Sent, Valid Frames Received,
Counter Size: 64-Bits Bytes Sent/Received, Fragments, Undersize, Oversize, CRC
Errors, VLAN Tagged Frames, User-Defined Stat 1, User-
Defined Stat 2, Capture Trigger (UDS 3), Capture filter
(UDS 4), User-Defined Stat 5, User-Defined Stat 6, 8 QoS
counters, Data Integrity Frames, Data Integrity Errors,
Sequence Checking Frames, Sequence Checking Errors,
ARP, and Ping requests and replies
Frame Length Controls Fixed, random, or increment by user-defined step, random,

weighted random

www.ixiacom.com
Applications • IxExplorer: Layer 2-3 wire-speed traffic generation

and analysis
• Routing emulation includes routing (BGP-4, OSPF, IS-IS,
and RIP) for IPv4 and IPv6, MPLS signaling (RSVP-TE,
LDP), L2/L3 VPNs, and multicast protocols (IGMP, MLD,
and PIM-SM) on port processor
• IxScriptMate: Tcl scripts for automated Layer 2-4 testing
• IxWeb, WebLOAD, IxChariot™: Layer 4 through 7
performance verification
• IxAccess: High-Performance PPPoX Emulation Software
• IxVPN: Performance verification of IPSec devices
and networks
• Tcl API: Custom user script development for
Layer 2-7 testing
• Linux Software Development Kit (SDK): Custom user
application development. Full TCP/IP connectivity
through management interface (Telnet, FTP, etc.)

Frame size can be fixed, vary according to a pattern,
or be randomly assigned across a weighted range.
Real-Time Latency Packets representing different traffic profiles can be associat-

ed with Packet Group Identifiers (PGIDs). The receiving port
measures the minimum, maximum, and average latency in
real-time for each packet belonging to different groups.
Measurable latencies include Instantaneous Latency, where
each packet is associated with one group ID only, Latency
Bins, where PGIDs can be associated with a latency range,
and Latency Over Time, where multiple PGIDs can be
placed in “Time Buckets” with fixed durations.

Packet Streams
stream in the sequence. After reaching the last stream in the
sequence, transmission may either cease or control may be
multiple streams are cycled through, representing different
traffic profiles to simulate real world traffic.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com

Up to 128 unique streams can be interleaved per port, each
having its own packet characteristics and rate. For example,
presume that Port 1 is made up of three streams. If Stream 1
is defined with IP packets at 20% of line utilization, Stream 2
is defined with TCP packets at 50% of line utilization, and
Stream 3 is defined with MPLS packets at 30% of line utiliza-
tion, data on Port 1 will be transmitted at an aggregate uti-
lization of 100% with interleaved IP, TCP, and MPLS packets.
Extensive Statistics • Real-Time 64-Bit counts and frame rates

statistics counters
• Up to six user-defined statistics are available that use
a trigger condition
RSVP-TE, and LDP
Data Capture Each 10/100 Mbps port is equipped with 6 MB of capture

memory while the 10/100/1000 Mbps Copper and Gigabit
Fiber ports are equipped with 8 MB of capture memory,
both of which can store tens of thousands of packets in
real-time. The capture buffer can be configured to store
packets based on user-defined trigger and filter conditions.
Decodes for IPv4, IPv6, UDP, ARP, BGP-4, IS-IS, OSPF,
TCP, DHCP, IPX, RIP, IGMP, CISCO ISL, VLAN, and MPLS
are provided.
Routing Protocols The Load Modules support all Ixia protocol emulation suites,

Ethernet data integrity function allows packet payload
contents to be verified with a unique CRC that is independ-
ent of the packet CRC. This ensures that the payload is
not disturbed as the router changes header fields.
Sequence Checking Sequence numbers can be inserted at a user-defined offset

in the payload of each transmitted packet. Upon receipt
of the packets through the Device Under Test (DUT), out-of-
sequence errors are reported in real-time at wire-speed
rates. The user can define a sequence error threshold to
distinguish between small versus big errors, and the receiv-
ing port can measure the amount of small, big, reversed,
and total errors.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Custom Application An Ixia provided Software Development Kit (SDK) allows

Development existing Linux applications to be compiled and run on TXS
ports. Additionally, users can develop their own custom appli-
cations and integrate them into the Ixia test environment.
LM1000STXS4…………...........4-Port Dual-PHY (RJ45 and SFP) 10/100/1000 Ethernet Load

Module (does not include SFP transceivers); Full features –
Supports routing protocols, Linux SDK, and L4-L7 Applications
LM1000STX4…………............. 4-Port Dual-PHY (RJ45 and SFP) 10/100/1000 Ethernet Load

Module (does not include SFP transceivers); Reduced features. No
support for routing protocols, Linux SDK, and L4-L7 Applications
LM100TXS8........................... 8-ports, 10/100 Mbps Ethernet, Copper, CPU per port
LM100TX8……...................... 8-Port 10/100Mbps Ethernet Load Module; reduced features. No

support for routing protocols, Linux SDK, and L4-L7 Applications
LM1000TXS4......................... 4-ports, 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet, Copper, CPU

per port
LM1000TX4…….................... 4-Port Gigabit Ethernet 10/100/1000 Base-T Auto Negotiation

Ethernet Copper Load Module; reduced features. No support
for routing protocols, Linux SDK, and L4-L7 Applications
LM1000TXS4-256…………….. 4-Port Ethernet 10/100/1000 Base-T Auto-Negotiation

Ethernet Copper Load Module with Full Feature support.
Installed with 256MB of processor memory
LM1000SFPS4....................... 4-ports, Gigabit Ethernet, Fiber, CPU per port, does not
include SFP transceivers
LM1000SFP4……….……........4-Port Gigabit Ethernet Fiber Load Module (Does not include

SFP transceiver); reduced features - no support for routing
protocols, Linux SDK, and L4-L7 Applications
LM1000SFPS4-256……….......4-Port Gigabit Ethernet Fiber Load Module (Does not include

SFP transceiver) with Full feature set support. Installed with
256MB of processor memory.
OLM1000STXS24.................. 24-ports, 10/100/1000 Ethernet, Dual PHY (Copper/

Fiber), CPU per port (for Optixia chassis), does not include
SFP transceivers
OLM1000STX24…………........24-Port Dual-PHY (RJ45 and SFP) 10/100/1000 Ethernet

Load Module for Optixia (does not include SFP trans-
ceivers); Reduced features – No support for routing proto-
cols, Linux SDK, and L4-L7 Applications
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
OC-3c/OC-12c Packet Over

Ixia’s OC-3c/OC-12c Load Modules are a comprehensive
tool for testing network elements with Packet Over SONET/
SDH interfaces operating at the STS-3c/STM-1 and STS-
12c/STM-4 levels. The Load Module offers full wire-speed
packet generation and can be optionally configured to
support ATM; this mode of operation is covered in the
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Load Module data sheet.
The Ixia OC-3c/OC-12c Load Module supports multiple

physical interfaces via modular PHYs, multiple signal rates,
and multiple technologies (ATM and POS), providing
a very high level of flexibility in a single module. With
a RISC CPU per port running Linux, the module provides
a powerful platform for running test applications, including
IxChariot and Ixia’s Routing Protocol Emulation Suites.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Connector Type Dual SC with 1310 nm multi-mode optics or Dual LC

using SFP transceiver with 1310 nm multi-mode or
single-mode optics
Ports Per Load Module 2 ports per module, each may be populated with different
physical interface options
Processor/Memory 1392 MIPS PowerPC/256 Mbytes

(per port)

2615, Cisco HDLC, Frame Relay, Cisco Frame Relay, and
User-Defined Header
Number of Streams 256 (Packet Stream) or 160 (Advanced Stream Scheduler)
timestamps, sequence numbers and packet group signa-
tures. Five User-Defined Fields (UDFs)

capturing, real-time latency for each packet group,
data integrity, and sequence checking
Capture Buffer (per port) 8 Mbytes
Traffic Types Full Multilayer (IP, TCP, UDP, IGMP, ICMP, RIP, DHCP) per-
formance traffic generation at full wire-speed
Path PLM (C2), Loss of Cell Delineation (LOC)
TCP/IP Statistics IP Packets Received, IP Checksum Errors, UDP Packets

Received, UDP Checksum Errors, TCP Packets Received,
TCP Checksum Errors
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Flexible Traffic Generation Traffic is generated in real-time by intelligent logic implement-

ed in FPGAs on each Ixia port, and frame parameters are
user configurable:
• IP header contents, including incrementing, decrementing,

or random IP addresses; IP checksums are generated on
the fly in hardware
• Fixed and algorithmic data patterns
• Five 32-Bit, programmable data generators can be inserted
anywhere in the frame
• Correct and erroneous IP checksums
• Bad CRC and no CRC error frame generation

age latency in real-time for each packet belonging to
different groups. Measurable latencies include Instantaneous
Latency, where each packet is associated with one group
ID only, and Latency Over Time where multiple PGIDs can
be placed in “time buckets” with fixed durations.
64K PGIDs are available per port.

Packet Streams
The packet streams transmit engine can generate multiple
multiple streams are cycled through representing different

The advanced stream scheduler transmit engine can simulta-
neously transmit multiple streams at an aggregate rate. The
advanced stream scheduler programs the streams to trans-
mit packets in such a manner that satisfies the aggregate
rate by scheduling a set of packets to be transmitted from
each stream, thus creating a transmission pattern with a
mixture of packets with variable rates.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Extensive Statistics Each port accumulates statistics in real-time, including the

count and rate of frames and bytes sent and received, as
well as the number and rate of IP and UDP statistics and
a variety of SONET/SDH statistics. Eight Quality of Service
counters are available that enable IP TOS measurements.
The user can also define two custom statistics dependent
upon source and destination IP addresses, data pattern
contents, or error conditions.
Data Capture Each port has a 8 Mbyte circular capture buffer. A compre-
hensive set of triggers and filters is available based on
source and/or destination addresses, data pattern, and
error conditions. Decodes are available for ICMP, IGMP,
IP, TCP, UDP, DHCP, MPLS, OSPF, RIP, ARP, and IPX.
LM622MR..............................2-Port ATM/Packet Over SONET Load Module. Supports

622, 155, 45 and 34 Mbps data rates. Configuration
options: 1) Requires purchase of 2 PHY modules; 2)
Requires purchase of 1 operational option – OPTATMMR
and/or OPTPOSMR
OPTATMMR........................... ATM operational option for LM622MR
OPTPOSMR........................... Packet Over SONET operational option for LM622MR
OC3OC12PHY.......................Single-port OC-3/OC-12 PHY module for the ATM/Packet

Over SONET Load Module. 1310 nm multi-mode optics
with dual SC connectors
OC3OC12PHY-SFP................. Single-port OC-3/OC-12 PHY module for the ATM/Packet

Over SONET Load Module. Requires 1 SFP pluggable
transceiver (not included)
SFP-OC12MM1310D............. Multi-rate (OC-3, OC-12) SFP transceiver. 1310 nm

multi-mode optics with dual LC connectors. Supports
diagnostic features
SFP-OC12SM1310D.............. Multi-rate (OC-3, OC-12) SFP transceiver. 1310 nm

single mode optics with dual LC connectors. Supports
diagnostic features
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
OC-48c Packet
Over SONET/SDH
Load Module
Ixia’s OC-48c Load Modules are a comprehensive tool for
testing network elements with Packet Over SONET/SDH
interfaces operating at OC-48c/STM-16c levels. The Load
Module offers full wire-speed packet generation, providing
unrivaled capability to test the full LAN to WAN path through
a single network device or through the network itself.
Additional features such as Bit Error Rate Testing (BERT)

and RPR/SRP functionality are also available.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Connector SC
Ports per Load Module 1 per Load Module
Optical Interface 1310 nm Singlemode
Optical Transmitter -10 min to -3 max

Power (dBm)
Optical Receiver -21 min to -1 max

Sensitivity (dBm)

2615, Cisco HDLC, Frame Relay, Cisco Frame Relay and
User-Defined Header
Number of Streams 256 in (Packet Streams); 160 (Advanced Stream Scheduler)
Receive Engine Built-in FPGA logic for wire-speed packet filtering, captur-
ing, real-time latency for each packet group, data integrity,
performance traffic generation at full wire speed
Path Signal Label (C2)
Received, FCS Errors, User-Defined Stat 1, User-Defined
Stat 2, Capture Trigger (UDS 3), Capture filter (UDS 4)
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com

mented in FPGAs on each Ixia port, and frame parameters
are user configurable:

or random IP addresses. IP checksums are generated on
the fly
• Four 32-Bit, programmable data generators can be inserted

age latency in real-time for each packet belonging to differ-
ent groups. Measurable latencies include Instantaneous
be placed in “Time buckets” with fixed durations.

Packet Streams

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com

count and rate of frames and bytes sent and received, IP, UDP,
and TCP packets received, and a variety of SONET/SDH
statistics. Eight Quality of Service counters are available
that enable IP TOS measurements. The user can also define
two custom statistics dependent upon source and destination
IP addresses, data pattern contents, or error conditions.
Data Capture A comprehensive set of triggers and filters is available

based on source and/or destination IP addresses, data pat-
tern, and error conditions. Decodes are available for ICMP,
IGMP, IP, TCP, UDP, DHCP, MPLS, OSPF, RIP, ARP, and IPX.
LMOC48C.............................1-Port Multilayer OC48c SR-1 Packet Over SONET/SDH

Load Module, 1310 nm, Singlemode
LMOC48C3...........................1-Port Multilayer OC48c SR-1 Packet Over SONET/SDH

Load Module Manufacturing Version, 1310 nm, Singlemode
LMOC48112......................... 1-Port Multilayer OC48c IR-2 Packet Over SONET/SDH

LMOC48112M...................... 1-Port Multilayer OC-48c IR-2 Packet Over SONET/SDH

Load Module, Manufacturing Version, 1550 nm, Singlemode
LMOC48311......................... 1-Port Multilayer OC48c SR-1 SONET/BERT Load Module,

1310 nm, Singlemode
LMOC48312......................... 1-Port Multilayer OC-48c IR-2 SONET/BERT Load Module,

1550 nm, Singlemode
LMOC48411......................... 1-Port Multilayer OC48c SR-1 Packet Over SONET/BERT

LMOC48412......................... 1-Port Multilayer OC-48c IR-2 Packet Over SONET/BERT

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
OC-192c Packet
Over SONET/SDH
Load Module
Ixia’s 10 Gigabit Universal Load Module is a comprehen-
sive wire-speed traffic generation, capture, analysis, and
routing performance verification tool. The Load Module
is configurable for 10 GbE LAN/WAN, OC-192c Packet
Over SONET (POS), and OC-192c Bit Error Rate Testing
(BERT). The Load Module can be ordered with fixed 10G
optics or with a 10G Small Form Factor Pluggable (XFP)
interface for more flexibility. It supports the latest revision
of the 10G XFP Multi-Source Agreement (MSA).
When configured for OC-192c, the Universal Load Module

is a comprehensive tool for testing network elements with
Packet Over SONET/SDH interfaces operating at the STS-
192c/STM-64 levels. The Load Module offers full wire-
speed packet generation, providing unrivaled capability
to test the full network path through a single device or
through the network itself.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Connector Type 1310 nm, 1550 nm, or XFP (Supports all transceivers
compliant to the XFP MSA)

2615, Cisco HDLC, Frame Relay, and User-Defined Header
Number of Streams 256 (Packet Stream) or 160 (Advanced Stream Scheduler)

capturing, real-time latency for each packet group, data
integrity, and sequence checking
Capture Buffer 32 MB per port, configurable trigger, and filter conditions
performance traffic generation at full wire-speed
Path Signal Label (C2), Input Signal Strength
Received, FCS Errors, User-Defined Stat 1, User-Defined
Stat 2, Capture Trigger (UDS 3), Capture filter (UDS 4)
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com

mented in FPGAs on each Ixia port, and packet parameters
• IP header contents, including incrementing, decrementing, or

random IP addresses; IP checksums are generated on the fly
• Four 32-Bit, programmable data generators can be inserted

age latency in real-time for each packet belonging to differ-
ent groups. Measurable latencies include Instantaneous
be placed in “Time buckets” with fixed durations.
Transmit Scheduler There are two modes of transmission available - packet

Packet Streams

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com

count and rate of frames and bytes sent and received, as
well as the number and rate of IP and UDP statistics and
a variety of SONET/SDH statistics. Eight Quality of Service

The capture buffer can be set up to store packets based on
user-defined trigger and filter conditions. Decodes for IPv4,
IPv6, UDP, ARP, BGP-4, IS-IS, OSPF, TCP, DHCP, IPX, RIP,
IGMP, CISCO ISL, VLAN, and MPLS are provided.
Routing Protocols The Universal Load Module supports all Ixia Protocol
Emulation Suites, including routing (BGP-4, OSPF, IS-IS, and
RIP) for IPv4 and IPv6 as well as MPLS signaling (RSVP-TE,
LDP), L2/L3 VPNs, and multicast protocols (IGMP, MLD, and
PIM-SM).
Tcl API Ixia’s Universal Load Modules are supported by a full Tcl
Optional Configurations OC192c BERT Feature Set

When configured for BERT, the Universal Load Module
functions as a SONET-framed BERT Load Module that deliv-
ers cost-effective Layer 1 testing capabilities. In this configu-
ration, the Load Module allows manufacturers and network
operators alike to stress test their equipment using industry
standard PRBS patterns.
10GBASE-W (WAN) Ethernet Feature Set

When configured as 10 GbE LAN/WAN, the Universal
Load Module provides wire-speed traffic generation,
capture, analysis, and routing protocol performance
verification tool for IEEE 802.3ae-compliant 10GBASE-R
(LAN) and 10GBASE-W (WAN) devices.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
LM10GULF-P…………............. 1-Port 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, 1310 nm,

LM10GUEF-P…………............. 1-Port 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, 1550 nm,

LM10GUPF-XFP....................... 1-port, 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, XFP–

pluggable, Full Features; with PowerPC and 256 MB.
Configuration options (must select at least one) are
10 GbE LAN/WAN, OC-192c POS, and OC-192c
BERT (Does Not Include XFP Transceiver)
LM10GULF............................. 1-port, 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, 1310 nm,

single-mode, Full Features; configuration options (must
LM10GUEF............................ 1-port, 10 Gigabit Universal Base Load Module, 1550 nm,

single-mode, Full Features; configuration options (must select
at least one) are 10 GbE LAN/WAN, OC-192c POS, and
OC-192c BERT
OPT10GELWAN..................... 10GE LAN/WAN configuration option for Universal Base

Load Module
OPTOC192POS..................... OC-192c POS configuration option for Universal Base

Load Module
OPTOC192BERT..................... OC-192c BERT configuration option for Universal Base

Load Module
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
SONET-Framed Bit Error Rate

Tester (BERT) Load Module
Ixia’s family of SONET-framed BERT Load Modules deliver
cost-effective Layer 1 testing capabilities. Available for use
in small footprint desktop and rack-mount chassis, or in field
portable units, these Load Modules allow manufacturers
and network operators to stress test their equipment using
industry standard PRBS patterns.
With extensive access to SONET overhead bytes and the

ability to monitor for and inject errors in individual SONET
frames, Ixia’s BERT Load Modules deliver comprehensive
Layer 1 performance verification. Ixia’s BERT is available
in dedicated Load Modules or as a feature on Ixia’s OC-
192c POS/Ethernet Universal Load Module.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Module Type/Slots OC-48c/1 Slot OC-192UniPHY OC-192c

Occupied
Optical Interface 1310 nm or 1550 nm 1310 nm or 1550 nm VSR-1

Singlemode Singlemode
Extinction Ratio (db) 8.2 7.0 6 min, 10 typical
Optical Tx Power (dBm) -10 min to 0 max -6 min to 2 max -10 min to -5 max
Optical Rx Sensitivity (dBm) -21 min to -1 max -14 min to -1 max -16 min to -3 max
PRBS Patterns 2n-1, n={11,15,20,23,31}, PRBS can be Inverted

All Zeros, Alternating Ones/Zeros, User-Defined
Alarms Link State, Line Speed, Section LOS, Section LOF, Line and
Path AIS, RDI, Path PLM (C2), Path LOP
Counters and Rates Section BIP (B1), Line BIP (B2), Path BIP (B3), Line and Path
REI (FEBE), Mismatched 1s, Mismatched 0s
Error and Alarm Generation Insert single, continuous or user-defined rates for bit errors,
Section LOF, B1, B2, B3, Line and Path AIS, REI (FEBE),
and RDI., J0, J1 Trace Message Insertion/Capture; D1-D12
Data Communication Channel Insertion/Capture
VSR-1 Error Insertion Momentary or continuous, per channel error insertion for
(OC-192c VSR-1 only) Section BIP, CRC, Frame Delimiter, Channel Skew, 8b/10b
Violations
Statistics Bits Sent/Received, Bit Errors Sent/Received, Pattern Lock

Indicator, Block Error State, Elapsed Test Time, Receive
power (OC192c only)
G.826 Measurements Errored Seconds, Severely Errored Seconds, Error Free

(Counts and Rates) Seconds, Available Seconds, Unavailable Seconds, Errored
Blocks, Background Block Errors, Bit Error Ratio, Errored
Seconds Ratio, Severely Errored Seconds Ratio, Background
Block Error Ratio, Counts of errored and unavailable sec-
onds for every supported SONET alarm and error type
APS Testing K1/K2 Bytes – set/read; Service Disruption (min, max, last,
cumulative) – millisecond granularity
Eye-Pattern Generation 311.04 MHz +/- 20-PPM clock output via a front-panel
(OC-192c only) SMA connector
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Precision APS Testing Ixia’s BERT Load Modules offer precision, user-definable
rates for SONET alarm and error insertions. Combined with
the module’s Service Disruption measurement capabilities,
users can easily validate Automatic Protection Switchover
(APS) thresholds for a variety of error modes.
POS / 10 Gigabit Ethernet Ixia BERT Load Modules are firmware upgradeable to
WAN Upgradeable include Packet Over SONET functionality. This flexibility
to move up from Layer 1 testing gives users the utmost in
space efficiency and cost effectiveness. The OC-192c BERT
Load Module is also upgradeable to 10 Gigabit Ethernet
LAN and WAN functionality in addition to Packet Over
SONET, yielding a quad mode card.
VSR-1 Support Used for intra-POP, short distance connections, the VSR-1 inter-
face is a cost-effective alternative to long-range optics. Ixia’s
OC-192c BERT Load Module is available with a VSR-1 inter-
face, which uses 12 parallel fiber optic lines operating at
1.25Gbps each. The Ixia VSR-1 interface offers extensive access
to the
VSR-1 framer for error insertion and statistics collection.
Tcl API Ixia’s BERT Load Modules are supported by a full Tcl
Compatibility Ixia’s BERT Load Modules use industry standard PRBS

patterns and G.826 statistics and are fully compatible with
SONET-framed BERTs from other vendors.
Chassis Support The BERT Load Modules are supported in the IXIA 250, IXIA
400T, and IXIA 1600T. Multiple BERT interfaces and inter-
face speeds can be combined within a single chassis.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
LMOC48311......................... OC-48c -1 port 1310 nm Upgradeable to POS/BERT

Singlemode
LMOC48312......................... OC-48c - 1 port 1550 nm Upgradeable to POS/BERT

Singlemode
LM10GULF +......................... OC-192c – 1 port 1310 nm Upgradeable to POS/

OPTOC 192 BERT LAN/WAN Singlemode
LM10GUEF +......................... OC-192c – 1 port 1550 nm Upgradeable to POS/

OPTOC 192 BERT LAN/WAN Singlemode
LMOC192368....................... 1 Port OC-192c-VSR Parallel optics SONET/BERT

Load Module
LMOC192468....................... 1 Port Multilayer OC-192c-VSR Parallel optics Packet

Over SONET/BERT Load Module
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Unframed Bit Error

Rate Tester (BERT)
Load Module
Ixia‘s family of unframed BERT Load Modules delivers the
most flexible, cost effective, and port-dense solution ever
designed for all-optical switch and DWDM system verifica-
tion. The unframed BERT Load Modules are multi-rate capa-
ble, supporting speeds from OC-3c to OC-48c, including
Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet. Low cost versions that
support OC-3c/OC-12c only are also available.
Ixia’s unframed BERT Load Modules make possible large-scale

testing of optical systems with hundreds or thousands of ports
generating simultaneous and independent test patterns.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Optical Interface 1310 nm Singlemode; 1550 nm Singlemode;

SFP transceivers SFP transceivers
Optical Tx Power (dBm) -10 min to -3 max -5 min to 0 max
Optical Rx Sensitivity (dBm) -22 typical to -3 max -25.5 typical to 0 max
Supported Data Rates 2.488 Gbps (OC-48); 2.67 Gbps (OC-48 w/FEC);
622.08 Mbps (OC-12); 666.51 Mbps (OC-12 w/FEC);
155.52 Mbps (OC-3); 166.63 Mbps (OC-3 w/FEC);
1.062 Mbps (Fibre Channel);
2.125 Gbps (2 x Fibre Channel);
1.25 Gbps (Gigabit Ethernet)
Clock in Port 132.75MHz - 166.63MHz +/- 100PPM (1V Peak-to-Peak

(SMA Connector) Maximum Input)
Clock out Port (SMA Transmit Rate/16

Connector)
n
Test Patterns 2 -1 PRBS where n={11,15,20,23}, PRBS can be Inverted.
All Zeros, Alternating Ones/Zeros,
User-Defined 32-Bit Pattern
Error Insertion Insert single, continuous, or user-defined rates for bit errors
Statistics and Alarms Link State, Line Speed, LOS, Mismatched 1s, Mismatched
0s, Bits Sent/Received, Bit Errors Sent/Received, Pattern
Lock Indicator, Block Error State, Elapsed Test Time
Service Disruption Min, max, last, cumulative - millisecond granularity

Measurements
Ease-of-Use Ixia has extended its ease-of-use capabilities to the unframed

BERT family of Load Modules by offering easy setup, exten-
sive statistics, and remote port management. Receive ports
can automatically detect incoming PRBS patterns and can
also operate independently of the transmit port. In addition,
the unframed BERT Load Modules provide an extensive set
of BERT statistics. Each statistic can be configured to pro-
vide audible and visual alerts when a user-defined threshold
is reached. In addition, statistics can be logged to files dur-
ing extended test periods. In the BERT analysis environment,
multiple users can be assigned ownership of individual test
ports, and the system can be managed remotely, enabling
users to manage ports from the lab or the field.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Cost-Effective Testing With the unframed BERT Load Modules, today's latest
optical switches and transmission equipment, with hundreds
or thousands of ports, can be fully validated in a minimal
amount of space and at an economical price. Ixia systems
are scalable to 256 chassis per chassis chain, delivering
thousands of BERT ports, all synchronized with a distributed
clock or via GPS.
Multiple Data Rates The multi-rate unframed BERT cards allow different data
rates corresponding to SONET, ATM, Fibre Channel,
or Gigabit Ethernet speeds to be assigned to each test
port. This makes it simple to validate the performance of
all optical switches, which advertise speed and protocol
independent operation.
Service Disruption Testing Ixia‘s unframed BERT Load Modules offer precise, user-
definable rates for bit error insertions and LOS conditions.
Combined with the module‘s Service Disruption measure-
ment capabilities, users can easily validate switchover
thresholds for a variety of error modes.
Insertion Loss Testing The multi-rate unframed BERT Load Modules have the capa-
bility of measuring both transmit and receive optical power.
This allows the module to determine the insertion loss of an
optical signal as it traverses the Device Under Test, a key
measure in the performance of optical systems.
Tcl API Ixia's BERT Load Modules are supported by a full Tcl
Compatibility Ixia's BERT Load Modules use industry-standard PRBS

patterns and G.826 statistics, and are fully compatible
with unframed BERTs from other vendors.
Chassis Support The unframed BERT Load Modules are supported in the
IXIA 100, IXIA 250, IXIA 400T, and IXIA 1600T. Multiple
unframed BERT interfaces and interface speeds may be
combined within a single chassis.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
LMUB1MOC48P8.................. 8-Port Multi-rate (OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, GigE, FC1, FC2)

unframed BERT Load Module. No optical transceivers
included
LMUB1MOC48P8.................. 8-Port Multi-rate (OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, GigE, FC1, FC2)

unframed BERT Load Module, 1310 nm SFP LC Singlemode
Optics
LMUB1SOC3P8..................... 8-Port 155/622 Mbps unframed BERT Load Module,

1310 nm SFP LC Singlemode Optics
LMUB2MOC48P8.................. 8-Port Multi-rate (OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, GigE, FC1,

FC2) unframed BERT Load Module, 1550 nm SFP LC
Singlemode Optics
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
OC-3c/OC-12c Asynchronous
Transfer Mode (ATM)
Load Module
Ixia’s ATM Load Module enables high performance testing
of routers and broadband aggregation devices such as
Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS) systems and
DSLAMs. With full wire-speed IP packet generation and
analysis at OC-12, OC-3, DS-3 and E-3 rates, the dual-port
ATM Load Module provides a cost-effective, space efficient,
multi-port test environment. The ATM Load Module can be
optionally configured to support Packet Over SONET (POS);
this mode of operation is covered in the OC-3c/OC-12c
Packet Over SONET/SDH Load Module data sheet.
The Ixia ATM Load Module supports multiple physical inter-

faces via modular PHYs, multiple signal rates, and multiple
technologies (ATM and POS), providing a very high level
of flexibility in a single module. With a RISC CPU per port
running Linux, the module provides a powerful platform
for running test applications, including IxChariot and Ixia’s
Routing Protocol Emulation Suites. Combined with a full line
of Ethernet, POS, and BERT Load Modules, the ATM Load
Module enables Ixia to deliver the industry’s most compre-
hensive test solution.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Specifications
Hot Pluggable Physical

Interface OC-3/OC-12, STM1/STM4 DS-3/E-3
Connector Type Dual SC with 1310 nm Dual BNC Coaxial

Multi-mode optics or Dual
LC using SFP transceiver
with 1310 nm multimode or
single-mode optics
Signal Rate OC-3: 155.52 Mbps; DS-3: 44.736 Mbps;

OC-12: 622.08 Mbps E-3: 34.368 Mbps
Ports Per Load Module 2 ports per module, each may be populated with different
physical interface options
Processor/Memory (per port) 1392 MIPS PowerPC/256 Mbytes
Encapsulation LLC/SNAP per RFC 2684 (1483)

VC Multiplexing per RFC 2684 (1483)
MPLS LLC per RFC 3035
MPLS Null per RFC 3035
Virtual Circuits 65,536 VC IDs/4,096 VP IDs generated among 4,096

unique streams
Emulation Modes UNI or NNI per port
ATM Framing AAL5
Transmit Streams 4,096 among 15 interleaved transmit engines
Transmit Engine Built-in FPGA logic for wire speed packet generation with
timestamps, sequence numbers and packet group signatures.
Five User Defined Fields (UDFs) with additional engines for
VPI, VCI, IP DA, IP SA, MAC DA, and MAC SA
Receive Engine Built-in FPGA logic for wire speed packet filtering, capturing,
sequence checking
Capture Buffer (per port) 8 Mbytes
Path AIS, Path RDI, Path REI (FEBE), Path BIP (B3), Path
LOP, Path PLM (C2), Loss of Cell Delineation (LOC)
ATM Transmit Statistics Cells Sent, AAL5 Bytes Sent, AAL5 Frames Sent, Scheduled
Cells Sent, Scheduled Frames Sent, Transmit Throughput,
Bits Sent

www.ixiacom.com
ATM Receive Statistics Cells Received, AAL5 Bytes Received, AAL5 Frames
Received, AAL5 CRC Errored Frames, AAL5 Length Errored
Frames, AAL5 Timeout Errored Frames, Correctable HCS
Errors, Uncorrectable HCS Errors, Idle Cells Received,
Bits Received
TCP/IP Statistics IP Packets Received, IP Checksum Errors, UDP Packets

Received, UDP Checksum Errors, TCP Packets Received,
TCP Checksum Errors

mented in FPGAs on each Ixia port, and frame parameters
• ATM VPI/VCI using 12-bit programmable data generators

(UDFs) for VPI, 16-bit for VCI
• Ethernet MAC DA and SA using 48-Bit UDFs
• Five 32-Bit UDFs can be inserted anywhere in the frame
or random IP addresses; IP checksums are generated on
the fly in hardware
• AAL5 frame generation with good or bad CRC

age latency in real time, for each packet belonging to
different groups. Measurable latencies include
Instantaneous Latency, where each packet is associated
with one group
ID only, and Latency Over Time where multiple PGIDs
can be placed in “time buckets” with fixed durations.
64K PGIDs are available per port.
Transmit Scheduler The packet streams transmit engine can generate multiple
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Extensive Statistics Each port accumulates ATM, IP, and SONET statistics in
real-time. Both transmit and receive statistics can be viewed
on a per-port or per-VC basis. Eight Quality of Service
Data Capture A comprehensive set of triggers and filters is available

based on VPI/VCI, source and/or destination MAC and/or
IP addresses, data pattern, and error conditions. Decodes
are available for ICMP, IGMP, IP, TCP, UDP, DHCP, MPLS,
OSPF, RIP, ARP, and IPX.
Routing Protocols The ATM Load Module supports all Ixia Routing Protocol
Suites, including BGP-4, OSPF, IS-IS, RIP, LDP, RSVP-TE,
PIM-SM, MLD, and IGMP. Protocol emulation operates on
a local RISC processor running Linux on each ATM test
port. This delivers a highly scalable protocol emulation
system that becomes more powerful as ports are added.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
LM622MR............................. 2-Port ATM/Packet Over SONET Load Module. Supports

622, 155, 45, and 34 Mbps data rates. Configuration
options: 1) Requires purchase of 2 PHY modules; 2)
Requires purchase of at least 1 operational option –
OPTATMMR and/or OPTPOSMR
OPTATMMR........................... ATM operational option for LM622MR
OPTPOSMR........................... Packet Over SONET operational option for LM622MR
OC3OC12PHY...................... Single-port OC-3/OC-12 PHY module for the ATM/Packet

Over SONET Load Module. 1310 nm multi-mode optics
with dual SC connectors
OC3OC12PHY-SFP................. Single-port OC-3/OC-12 PHY module for the ATM/Packet

Over SONET Load Module. Requires 1 SFP pluggable
transceiver (not included)
SFP-OC12MM1310D............. Multi-rate (OC-3, OC-12) SFP transceiver. 1310 nm multi-

mode optics with dual LC connectors. Supports diagnostic
features
SFP-OC12SM1310D.............. Multi-rate (OC-3, OC-12) SFP transceiver. 1310 nm single

mode optics with dual LC connectors. Supports diagnostic
features
DS3E3PHY............................. Single-port DS-3/E-3 PHY Module for ATM Load Module.

Dual BNC coaxial connectors. Supported only with ATM
operational option
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 171
Chassis:
IXIA 1600T
IXIA 400T
IXIA 100
The Ixia series of chassis delivers the industry’s most com-
prehensive solutions for high performance, multiport traffic
generation and analysis. The IXIA 1600T, IXIA 400T, and
the IXIA 100 with GPS time synchronization, share a highly
scalable architecture that supports daisy-chaining of up to
256 chassis with timing synchronized to within 10 nanosec-
onds. With Ixia, even the most complex devices and net-
works can be tested thoroughly and cost-effectively.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 172
Specifications
IXIA 1600T IXIA 400T IXIA 100
Slots 16 4 1
Size 17.5"w x 15.7"h x 20.4"d 10.25"w x 5.75"h x 16"d 17.5"w x 1.75"h x 20.15"d
(44.5 x 39.9 x 52 cm) (26.1 x 14.6 x 40.6 cm) (44.5 x 4.5 x 38.1 cm)
Weight 47 lbs. (21 kg) 10 lbs. (4.5 kg) 14 lbs. (6.4 kg)
Power 20 AMP@110V 4.0 AMP@110V 1 AMP@110V

10 AMP@220V 60/50 Hz 2.0 AMP@220V 60/50 Hz 0.6 AMP@220V 60/50 Hz
Timing Source Internal or Internal or Direct or indirect via CDMA

synchronized with synchronized with GPS or synchronized
another Ixia chassis another Ixia chassis with another Ixia chassis
Temperature Operating: 32˚ F to 104˚ F (0˚ C to 40˚ C)

Storage: 32˚ F to 122˚ F (0˚ C to 50˚ C)
Humidity Operating: 0% to 85%, non-condensing

Storage: 0% to 85%, non-condensing
Connectors Power: Male IEC 320 receptacle

Mouse/Keyboard: PS/2 6-pin DIN (IXIA 100 and 400 T use adapter
cables)
Monitor: HD-DB15
Parallel Port: Female DB25 parallel port
Ethernet: RJ45 10/100 Mbps (IXIA 100 and 400 T have dual NIC)
Serial: Male DB9 port
Sync in: RJ14
Sync out: RJ14
Trigger out: BNC
Features • Support for Packet Over SONET, 10 Gigabit Ethernet,

Gigabit Ethernet, 10/100 Ethernet, and ATM interfaces
• Built-in PC, running Windows 2000, used for configuration
and statistics gathering
• Daisy-chaining of up to 256 chassis to within 10 nano-
seconds synchronization
• Generate and analyze traffic synchronously over thousands
of ports simultaneously
Benefits • No need to buy specially configured PC for configuration,

data capture, and real-time analysis
• Save time and cost by providing software only upgrades
for future enhancements
• Quick access to thousands of ports to test high port density
Phone 877 FOR IXIA switches, routers, access devices, and networks
www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 173
Applications The Ixia chassis are essential tools for engineering teams
that are developing and troubleshooting Packet Over SONET,
10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet, and
ATM products. They are also critical products for certifica-
tion departments tasked with validation and performance
testing in the lab. Production testing and quality assurance
during the manufacturing process can be easily performed
using Ixia chassis. The Ixia chassis can be used within cus-
tomer service departments as troubleshooting resources.
Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Carriers, and large enter-
prises can also use the Ixia chassis to monitor live network
operations, to simulate network traffic conditions, and to hot
stage modifications and additions to the network, assessing
their impact prior to actual deployment.
Software Ixia‘s powerful IxExplorer, a Microsoft Windows based soft-

ware interface, provides easy configuration, control, and
status. Users can generate customized traffic patterns using
packet streams, and easily configure packets with incre-
menting, decrementing, or random MAC and IP addresses,
and through user-defined fields. Protocol editors are avail-
able
for IP, UDP, IPX, TCP, UDP, IGMP, ARP, DHCP, RIP, ISL, MPLS,
VLAN 802.1p&q, and OSPF. Each port can generate ARP
requests, Ping requests, IGMP reports, and respond to such
messages. The Ixia chassis offer an optional suite of test
scripts written in the industry standard scripting language,
Tcl. These scripts implement the popular Benchmark
Working Group (BMWG) performance tests specified in
RFC 2544 and RFC 2285. Other Tcl test scripts include
Ixia's IP Multicast Test (RFC 2432), Quality of Service Test
(QoS), Advanced Tcl Script, Suite (ATSS), and Multiport
Advanced Test Suite (MATS). In addition, technology-specific
applications such as IxWeb, IxVPN, WebLOAD and various
Ixia Routing Protocol Emulations are available.
IXIA 1600T............................ 16-Slot Chassis Incl: PC & IxExplorer Software
IXIA 400T.............................. 4-Slot Chassis Incl: PC & IxExplorer Software and

Tcl Script-RFC
IXIA 100................................1-Slot Chassis Incl: PC & IxExplorer Software and

Tcl Script-RFC
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 174
Chassis:
IXIA 250
The IXIA 250 field-portable chassis is designed with every-
thing needed to conduct sophisticated tests. With an inte-
grated LCD TFT touch screen display, keyboard, and
mouse, the IXIA 250 is self-contained, yet powerful
enough to run every Ixia application and Load Module,
from 10/100 through 10 Gigabit Ethernet, to OC-3c
through OC-192c Packet Over SONET, and OC-3c to
OC-12c ATM.
The IXIA 250 contains an integrated 10/100/1000 Mbps

Ethernet test port, with support for a choice of copper
or fiber media. This makes the IXIA 250 extremely cost-
effective for service turn-up applications.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 175
Specifications
Load Module Slots 2; accepts single or double-wide Ixia Load Modules
Management Card Removable CPU card and 20 GB hard drive; 1.2 GHz
Intel Celeron processor with 512 MB RAM
Windows 2000 Server Operating System
Size 17.6"w x 11.3"d x 6.8"h (44.7 x 28.6 x 17.2 cm)
Weight 18.5 lbs. (8.4 kg)
Power 3.2 AMPS@110V

1.6 AMPS@220V 60/50 Hz
Timing Sources Internal, Optional indirect GPS (via CDMA) with 200
microsecond accuracy, or Synchronized with another
Ixia chassis
Temperature Operating: 32˚ F to 104˚ F (0˚ C to 40˚ C)

Storage: 32˚ F to 122˚ F (0˚ C to 50˚ C)
Humidity Operating: 0% to 85%, non-condensing

Storage: 0% to 85%, non-condensing
External Connectors Power: Male IEC320 receptacle

Mouse/Keyboard: PS/2 6-pin DIN (uses adapter cable)
Monitor: HD-DB15 Super VGA
Parallel Port: Female DB25 parallel port
Chassis Sync-In: RJ14
Chassis Sync-Out: RJ14
CDMA: BNC (only on IXIA 250-CDMA)
Ethernet (remote
management): RJ45 10/100 Mbps (dual port)
Integrated Display 12.1" TFT active matrix XGA LCD panel with touch screen.
1024 x 768 resolution
Integrated Ixia TXS Test Port Integrated FPGA logic for Layer 2-3 testing
8MB Data Capture Buffer
1392 MIPS PowerPC CPU for Routing Protocol emulation
and Layer 4-7 testing
10/100/1000 Mbps, Copper media; RJ45 connector
or 1000 Mbps, Fiber media; SFP socket
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 176
Features • Integrated TFT LCD touch screen display, keyboard,

and mouse
• Integrated 10/100/1000 Ethernet test port
• Swappable copper and fiber media interfaces
• Support for Packet Over SONET, 10 Gigabit Ethernet,
Gigabit Ethernet, 10/100 Ethernet, and ATM Load
Modules
• Built-in PC, running Microsoft Windows 2000 Server, used
for configuration and statistics gathering
• Optional CDMA-based global timing synchronization
Benefits • Rugged field portability – no need to connect to

external peripherals
• Cost-effective design – test 10/100 and Gigabit Ethernet
services without the need to buy additional Load Modules
• Both 10/100/1000 Ethernet over Copper and Gigabit
Ethernet over Fiber for the integrated test port
• Ability to test a wide variety of network architectures
• No need to buy specially configured PC for configuration,
data capture, and real-time analysis
• Enables accurate one-way latency measurements
Applications The IXIA 250 chassis is an essential tool for field operations
teams that are deploying or troubleshooting Packet Over
SONET, ATM, or Ethernet networks. Internet Service
Providers (ISPs), carriers, and large enterprises can use the
Ixia chassis to monitor live network operations, to simulate
network traffic conditions, to hot stage modifications, and
additions to the network, and to perform service turn-up
testing. The IXIA 250 chassis works seamlessly with Ixia’s
full line of application software, including IxActivate.
Software Ixia‘s powerful IxExplorer, an Windows based software inter-

face, provides easy configuration, control, and status. Users
can generate customized traffic patterns using packet streams
or flows, and easily configure packets with incrementing,
decre-menting, or random MAC and IP addresses.
Protocol editors are available for IP, UDP, IPX, TCP, UDP,
IGMP, ARP, DHCP, RIP, ISL, MPLS, VLAN 802.1p&q, and
OSPF. Each port can generate ARP requests, Ping requests,
IGMP reports, and respond to such messages.
The IXIA 250 chassis supports optional suites of test scripts

written in the industry standard Tcl scripting language.
These scripts implement the popular Benchmark Working
Group (BMWG) performance tests specified in RFC 2544
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 177
and RFC 2285. Other Tcl test scripts include Ixia‘s IP

Multicast Test (RFC 2432), Quality of Service Test (QoS),
Advanced Tcl Script Suite (ATSS), and Multiport Advanced
Test Suite (MATS). In addition, technology specific applica-
tions, such as IxWeb for Layer 4 to 7 device verification,
and routing protocol emulations for BGP-4, OSPF, IS-IS, RIP,
MPLS (RSVP-TE), and LDP, are available.
IXIA250................................. Field-portable 2-slot chassis with integrated keyboard,

mouse, and TFT touch screen display. Includes integrated
10/100/1000 Ethernet test port with CPU, removable
CPU card, and removable hard disk drive. At time of pur-
chase, please specify either Copper or Fiber media for
integrated test port
IXIA250-CDMA....................... Field-portable 2-slot chassis with integrated keyboard,

mouse, TFT touch screen display, and CDMA timing option.
Includes integrated 10/100/1000 Ethernet test port with
CPU, removable CPU card, and removable hard disk drive.
At time of purchase, please specify either Copper or Fiber
media for integrated test port
IX250COPPER........................ Pluggable Copper Media Module for Ixia 250 integrated

test port
IX250FIBERSFP........................ Pluggable Fiber Media Module for Ixia 250 integrated

test port. Accepts SFP transceiver, not included
SFP-SX....................................SFP Transceiver-850 nm SX
SFP-CU……….........................SFP Transceiver - RJ-45 Copper
SFP-LX………...........................SFP Transceiver - 1310nm LX
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 178
Chassis:
Optixia
®
Today’s switches and routers are designed with literally

hundreds of copper and fiber-based Ethernet ports. Optixia®
was created to efficiently meet the performance verification
needs of these next generation devices. With up to 240
10/100/1000 Mbps full line rate traffic generation and
analysis ports in one chassis, Optixia® is the highest port
density performance analysis platform in the industry.
It takes more than raw port count to effectively provide

performance verification throughout the product life cycle.
It takes scalability, the ability to configure and reconfigure
the analysis environment as needs dictate. With this in
mind, Optixia® allows the integration of both high-end,
fully-featured performance analysis ports targeted for the
development environment, and low cost full line-rate
interfaces designed to support performance validation
in the manufacturing environment.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 179
Specifications
Load Module Slots 10
Size Size: 17.5"w x 35.5"h x 22.5"d; (44.5cm x 90.5cm x

57.5cm)
Weight Weight (empty): 150lbs. (68kg); Average Shipping

Wt.: 160lbs
Power 20 AMP at 220VAC 60/50 Hz
Temperature Operating temperature: 32°F to 86°F, (0°C to 30°C)

Storage temperature: 0°F to 110°F, (-20°C to 43°C)
Humidity Operating humidity: 10% to 90%, non-condensing

Storage temperature: 5% to 95%, non-condensing
Front Panel Connectors Power: Male IEC320 receptacle

Mouse: PS/2 6-pin DIN
Keyboard: PS/2 6-pin DIN
Monitor: HD-DB15 Super VGA
Printer: Female DB25 parallel port
Ethernet: RJ45 10/100 Mbps
USB: Type A male connector
Sync in: RJ14
Sync out: RJ14
Trigger out: BNC
Front Panel Switches On/Off momentary rocker switch
Front Panel Indicators Power, Standby, Master, Eternal Clock, GPS
Fan Tray 9 fans
Managment Card Removeable CPU, 20 GB hard drive, floppy drive, CD-ROM drive,
and 2.4 GHz Intel Pentium class processor with 2 GB of RAM
Features • Largest and highest port density chassis available

• Integrated PC running Windows 2000, with built-in 20 GB
hard drive, floppy drive, CD-ROM drive, and 2.4 GHz Intel
Pentium class processor for management and control of
port configuration and statistics
• Intuitive management software using a Microsoft Windows
like GUI for easy access to ports for configuration, transmit
and receive functions
• Powerful automation facilities using Tcl scripting language
and easy integration into existing customer automated
lab environments
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 180
Reliability Optixia® is designed for today’s highly competitive network-

ing market, where performance verification is required on
a continuous, uninterrupted basis. With four redundant
power supplies, Optixia® ensures uninterrupted operation.
Hot-swappable interface Load Modules offer users on-the-fly
reconfiguration. With its front-loading management module,
Optixia® delivers high-speed 2.4 GHz Pentium 4 processing.
High Performance Optixia® Load Modules are built on a proven architecture

that integrates a per port RISC CPU, running Linux and
a TCP/IP stack, providing the capability for application
stressing of high-port count Web server load balancers,
and simulation of real world traffic. Additionally, Optixia®
offers a wide array of analysis solutions, including verifica-
tion of complex networking protocols, such as BGP-4, MPLS,
OSPF, RSVP-TE, RIP and IS-IS; automated test suites for vali-
dation of broadband access devices, routers, and other net-
working equipment; quality assurance and manufacturing
testing; and comparative evaluation for ISPs and NSPs.
Ease-of-Use As the verification environment becomes more complex,

powerful and easy-to-use management software becomes
critical. With Optixia’s intuitive user interface, users can
manage thousands of ports from a single console located
at the testing site, or remotely. With IxScriptMate, users can
execute a wide range of pre-built test suites targeted at spe-
cific analysis applications, or write custom scripts using our
Tcl API. Optixia® also makes it possible to maximize analy-
sis resources by allowing multiple users to share the verifi-
cation platform and take ownership of individual or multi-
ple ports within the same chassis.
Benefits • Takes up less real-estate in user labs while providing high

port density
• Cleaner cable management, thus minimizing complex lab
setups and cost
• Continuous test cycles possible with hot-swapping function
which saves overall test time with no interruptions due
to hardware failures
• Simultaneous control of hundreds of ports for heavy-duty
performance testing
• Single software packaging and installation processes
provide worry free benefits without need to manage
multiple software and firmware modules
• Remote management allows easy access to chassis
resources via local network
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Chassis Ixia p. 181
• Range of ports on a chassis can be shared by multiple

users with their own username and password, thus maxi-
mizing testing resources, and providing a secure uninter-
rupted test environment
• Pre-canned automated test packages provide benchmarking
metrics under load no load traffic conditions
• Real world Layer 4 and above traffic scenario simulation
for device and network testing
OPTIXIA2PR........................... Optixia® Chassis and four power supplies
OLM1000STXS24.................. 24-Port Dual-PHY (RJ45 and SFP) 10/100/1000 Mbps

Ethernet Optixia® Load Module (does not include transceivers)
OLM1000STX24.................... 24-Port Dual-PHY (RJ45 and SFP) 10/100/1000 Ethernet

Optixia® Load Module (does not include SFP transceivers);
Reduced features – NO support for routing protocols,
Linux SDK, and L4-7 Applications
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : A Ixia p. 182
Glossary
Aa
ACCM See Asynchronous Control Character Mask.
ACK An acknowledge signal or message. For TCP session

establishment, an ACK message is sent in response to
a SYN message.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) The Internet

protocol used to map an IP address to a MAC address.
Defined in RFC 826.
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) A fast and

secure standard encryption algorithm, defined by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
Advanced Stream Scheduler An Ixia hardware

capability that allows an interleaved set of streams to
be transmitted.
AIS-L Alarm Indication Signal for Line Overhead used in

POS transmissions.
API See Application Programming Interface.
Application Programming Interface (API)

A set of supplied programming functions, used to operate
Phone 877 FOR IXIA testing equipment.
www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : A – B – C Ixia p. 183
APS See Automatic Protection Switching.
ARP See Address Resolution Protocol.
AS See Autonomous System and Available Seconds.
Authentication Header (AH) IPSec uses two protocols

to establish security services -- the Authentication Header
(AH) and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP). The
Authentication Header provides connectionless data integri-
ty and data origin authentication for IP packets. See also
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP).
Automatic Protection Switching A technique used

in Packet Over SONET networks to switch working channels
to backup protection channels within 50 ms.
Auto-Negotiation The algorithm that allows two devices

at either end of a link segment to negotiate common data
service functions.
Autonomous System A collection of routers that imple-

ment the same routing policy and are typically administered
by a single group of administrators. ASs connected to the
Internet are assigned numbers called Autonomous System
Numbers (ASN) which are key to inter-domain routing.
Bb
BERT See Bit Error Rate Testing.
BGP See Border Gateway Protocol.
BIP Errors Bit Interleaved Parity errors found in POS cir-

cuits. BIP errors can occur as Section, Line, or Path Errors.
Bit Error Rate Testing An OSI Layer 1 test in which

low level data integrity is tested.
Border Gateway Protocol The principal protocol used

along the Internet backbone and within larger organizations.
Burst A counted number of data packets, each separated

by an Inter-Packet Gap (IPG).
Cc
C/C++ Related computer programming languages.
Capture An Ixia port receive mode enabling packets to be

stored and viewed.
Capture Buffer Memory associated with each port. Data

is captured after the Capture Trigger is satisfied and the
Capture Filter allows data to be recorded, according to
defined parameters.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : C Ixia p. 184
Capture Filter A set of conditions that determine which

data is recorded in a port‘s capture buffer.
Capture Trigger A set of conditions that determines

when data starts to record in a port‘s capture buffer.
Card See Load Module.
Cascading UDF A feature of the Ixia User Defined Fields

that allows counting to continue from previous streams.
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access. A technique used

in cellular phone/data systems to allow multiple coded
transmissions on the same frequency range.
Chassis An Ixia chassis, containing a card frame into

which Load Modules are plugged. A chassis also contains
a processor, disk, and network adapter.
Chassis Chain Two or more Ixia chassis connected

together through special sync-in/sync-out cables. Load mod-
ules in a chassis chain are synchronized to within 10 ns.
Checksum A value calculated from packet data, which

may be used to guarantee the validity of received data.
Cisco Frame Relay A Cisco proprietary version of

Frame Relay.
Collision A condition that results from concurrent transmis-

sions from multiple sources.
Collision Backoff An algorithm which each transmitting

party uses to determine when to attempt a retransmit in the
event of a collision.
Concurrent Clients The number of simulated clients

operating at the same moment.
Concurrent Users See concurrent clients.
Connection A network level, end-to-end connection.
Connection Rate The rate at which new connections

are made.
Cookies A memory element used by Web browsers and

servers. Data is transmitted by a server back to a client,
who holds that information and resubmits it as part of subse-
quent requests to the same server.
CRC See Cyclic Redundancy Check.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : C – D Ixia p. 185
Cyclic Redundancy Check An error checking technique

in which the frame recipient calculates a remainder by
dividing the frame contents by a prime binary divisor and
compares the calculated remainder to a value stored in
the frame by the sending node.
Dd
DA See Destination Address.
Data Communication Channel (DCC) The SONET

Data Communication Channel (DCC) based on Bellcore
(now Telcordia) GRE-253-CORE guidelines. Section DCC
(SDCC) uses the D1 through D3 bytes of the Section Over-
head of the SONET frame and Line DCC (LDCC) uses the
D4 through D12 bytes of the Line Overhead.
Data Encryption Standard (DES) The Data

Encryption Standard (DES) is a standard for a 56-Bit
encryption key. See also Triple Data Encryption Standard,
Advanced Encryption Standard.
Data Link Layer Layer 2 of the OSI reference model.

The data link layer is concerned with physical addressing,
network topology, line discipline, error notification, ordered
delivery of frames, and flow control. The IEEE divided
this layer into two sublayers: the MAC sublayer and the
LLC sublayer. Sometimes simply called Link Layer.
Datagram (IP) Fundamental unit of information passed

across the Internet. Contains source and destination
addresses along with data and a number of fields that
define such things as the length of the datagram, the header
checksum, and flags to indicate whether the datagram
can be (or was) fragmented.
DCC See Data Communication Channel.
Default Gateway In IP routing procedures, the IP

address of a routing device to which all packets are sent
that are not otherwise directed by a defined route.
Delay (IP) An IP header bit that indicates that the sender

is interested in minimizing packet delay.
Destination Address A Data Link Layer field that indi-

cates the MAC level destination of the packet.
Device Under Test (DUT) The device that is being tested.
DHCP Dynamic Host Control Protocol. DHCP provides

a mechanism for allocating IP addresses dynamically
so that addresses can be reused when hosts no longer
need them.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : D – E – F Ixia p. 186
DNS See Domain Name System.
Domain Name System The system used in the Internet for

translating names (URLs) of network nodes into IP addresses.
Dribble Bit Error An error condition that occurs when

additional data follows the FCS at the end of a packet.
Duplex Mode The mode of an Ethernet port either half-

duplex or full-duplex.
DUT See Device Under Test.
Ee
Egress Router In MPLS routing networks, the router by
which the network was entered.
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) IPSec

uses two protocols to establish security services -- the
Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulating Security
Payload (ESP). The Encapsulating Security Payload provides
confidentiality for IP traffic, through encryption. See also
Authentication Header.
Error Free Seconds In POS, the number of seconds in

which no errors were received.
Ethernet A baseband LAN specification invented by

Xerox Corporation and developed jointly by Xerox, Intel,
and Digital Equipment Corporation.Ethernet is similar to
the IEEE 802.3 series of standards.
Ff
Farm Two or more Web servers which cooperate in the
fulfillment of a Web site. See Server Farm.
FCS See Frame Check Sequence.
Filter See Capture Filter.
FIN A TCP packet with the FIN bit set. This is used by one
party in a connection to end a TCP connection.
FIN-ACK A TCP packet with the FIN and ACK bits set.
This is used in a connection to acknowledge the conclusion
of a connection.
Flags (IP) A 3-bit flag of the IP header that deals with

IP fragments.
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Arrays are programmable

elements of the Ixia chassis and cards, downloaded by
IxServer as needed.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : F – G – H Ixia p. 187
Frame A set of data formatted according to a data link

standard, such as Ethernet or 802.3. Also referred to as
a packet.
Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Extra characters added

to a frame for error control purposes. See CRC.
Frame Identity Record An Ixia port capability that

allows additional data to be inserted at the end of the data
part of a packet. This data can be used to locate the source
of the frame when the frame is received in a capture buffer.
Frame Relay A high-speed, packet-mode data com-

munications protocol based on ITU-T recommendation
I.122 and the link access procedure on the D channel
(LAPD) specification.
Frame Size The overall size of the frame, including

the FCS.
Full Duplex The ability of a communications device

to both transmit and receive at the same time.
Gg
GBIC An input/output device that plugs into a Gigabit
Ethernet port, linking the module port with the fiber
optic network.
GET Rate The rate at which GET requests are made.
GET Request A statement in the HTTP protocol sent

from a client to a server, requesting that the server supply
a Web page identified by a URL.
Global Positioning System (GPS) The Global

Positioning System is a series of satellites that orbit the Earth
and make it possible for people with ground receivers to
pinpoint their geographic location. An additional benefit of
GPS is the ability to derive a very accurate timing.
GPS See Global Positioning System.
Hh
Half Duplex The characteristic of a communications
device in which it can only transmit or receive data.
Hash Algorithm A hash algorithm produces a unique

fixed-length value from a variable-length message. Used to
calculate a checksum as part of IPSec encryption process.
HSA High bits of Source Address. The high order 24 bits

of an ISL packet‘s source address.
HTML Hyper Text Markup Language. The language used

to compose Web pages.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : I Ixia p. 188
Ii
IBG See Inter-Burst Gap.
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol is a network layer

Internet protocol that reports errors and provides other
information relevant to IP packet processing. Documented
in RFC 792.
Identification (IP) An identification element of the

IP header.
IEEE 802.3 IEEE LAN protocol that specifies an imple-

mentation of the physical layer and the MAC sublayer
of the data link layer.
IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol. Used by IP

hosts to report their multicast group memberships to an
adjacent multicast router.
Inter-Burst Gap (IBG) The amount of time inserted

between multiple bursts in a stream.
Internet Key Exchange (IKE) The Internet Key

Exchange protocol is used to set up the security associations
needed for secure communication through
an IPSec VPN.
Inter-Packet Gap The amount of time inserted between

consecutive packets in a burst.
Inter-Stream Gap The amount of time preceding each

stream in a region.
IP See IPv4 and IPv6.
IPG See Inter-Packet Gap.
IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4. The network layer proto-

col in the OSI model offering a connectionless internetwork
service. IP provides features for addressing, type-of-service
specification, fragmentation and reassembly, and security.
Defined in RFC 791.
IPv6 Also known as IPNG (IP Next Generation). A number

of improvements over IPv4, including the use of 128-bit IP
addresses.
IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange. NetWare network layer

(Layer 3) protocol used for transferring data from servers to
workstations.
IS See Intermediate System.
ISG See Inter-Stream Gap.

Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : I – J – K – L Ixia p. 189
IS-IS An OSI/IP routing technique, Intermediate System

to Intermediate System, i.e., router to router.
ISL Inter-Switch Link. A protocol used to inter-connect two

Ethernet switches.
IxServer A software module that resides on an Ixia chassis.
Jj
Jitter The variation of latency measurements.
K1/K2 Two control bytes used in POS APS.
L2VPN See Layer 2 Virtual Private Network.
L3VPN See Layer 3 Virtual Private Network.
Label Switched Path (LSP) In MPLS and RSVP-TE,

a path through a number of routers from an ingress to an
Kk
egress router that has been established through the use of
Ll
labels used in Label Switching Routers.
Label Switching Routers (LSR) In MPLS and other

label switching environments, routers that switch traffic
based on labels.
Latency The delay between the time a device receives

a frame and the time that the frame is forwarded out the
destination port. Also, the time it takes a frame to traverse
a network.
Layer 2 Virtual Private Network An emulation of

a Layer 2 switching environment, supplied by a Service
Provider for its customers, via a core network that connects
customer sites. Ixia‘s L2VPN emulation is an add-on option
for the Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) software and simu-
lates the transport of Layer 2 frames over MPLS.
Layer 3 Virtual Private Network An emulation

of Layer 3 services/distribution of routes, supplied by
a Service Provider for its customers, via a core network
that connects customer sites. Ixia‘s L3VPN emulation is an
add-on option for the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
software and simulates Provider-Provisioned VPN (PPVPN)
functionality per IETF Draft RFC 2547bis.
LCP See Line Control Protocol.
Line Control Protocol (LCP) A part of the PPP protocol

used to control the communications line.
Linear APS Implementation of a POS APS for an arrange-

ment of nodes that are configured as a string.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : L – M – N Ixia p. 190
Link State Advertisement (LSA) An element of

an OSPF message that indicates the state of a router‘s link,
including additional attributes.
Load Balancing A technique by which processing

requests are shared among a number of servers, so as
to even the load between servers and minimize user
response time. See Server Load Balancing.
Load Balancing Switch A device that implements

a load balancing algorithm.
Load Module An Ixia card component which resides in

an Ixia chassis and contains one or more ports.
LSA See Link State Advertisement.
LSP See Label Switched Path.
LSR See Label Switching Routers.
Mm
MAC See Media Access Control.
Magic Number A PPP negotiation feature used primarily

to detect looped connections.
Media Access Control (MAC) The data link sublayer

that is respon-ible for transferring data to and from the
Physical Layer.
MII Registers Media Independent Interface. A set of

data registers which control the operation of the PHY.
MPLS Multi-Protocol Layered Switching. A protocol for

controlling wide-area routing.
Multicast Multicast is communication between a single

sender and multiple receivers on a network.
Nn
Network Layer Layer 3 of the OSI reference model. This
layer provides connectivity and path selection between two end
systems. The network layer is the layer at which routing occurs.
Network Mask A set of bits that indicates that part of

an IP address that corresponds to the network number.
Network Node An endpoint of a network connection

or a junction common to two or more lines in a network.
Nodes can be processors, controllers, or workstations.
Node is sometimes used generically to refer to any entity
that can access a network, and is frequently used inter-
changeably with device.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : N – O – P Ixia p. 191
Network Number That part of an IP address that corre-

sponds to the network being addressed. Formed by adding
the Network Mask with the IP address.
Nibble Half of a byte; four bits.
Oo
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) A set of messaging
protocols that are used by routers located within a single
Autonomous System (AS).
OSPF See Open Shortest Path First.
Pp
Packet A logical grouping of information that includes
a header containing control information and user data.
The terms datagram, frame, message, and segment are
also used to describe logical information groupings at
various layers of the OSI reference model.
Packet Groups A basic mode of Ixia ports which allows

transmitted packets to be grouped by the inclusion of an ID
within the packet. The Ixia receive hardware then has the
ability to categorize latency for each distinct packet group.
Packet Over SONET (POS) The ability to include IP

packets within SONET payloads.
PHY Physical Layer entity. The PHY contains the functions

that transmit, receive, and manage the encoded signals on
the physical medium.
Point to Point Protocol (PPP) A protocol used

to establish point to point connections. Most often used in
dial-up connections.
Port A component of an Ixia Load Module which contains

a network interface.
POS See Packet over SONET.
PPP See Point to Point Protocol.
Preamble An initial set of data preceding a packet. Bytes

are of the form 0xAA and is normally 8 bytes in length.
Preamble Size The size of the preamble.
Precedence (IP) A 3-Bit field that indicates the type of

service desired for a packet.
Protocol A formal description of a set of rules and con-

ventions that govern how devices on a network exchange
information.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : P – Q – R Ixia p. 192
Protocol Server An aspect of the Ixia system that allows

handling of IP to MAC mapping, BGP, OSPF, IGMP, IS-IS,
RSVP, LDP, and RIP testing.
Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) A set

of repeatable data patterns that exhibits random distribu-
tions of bits.
Qq
QoS See Quality of Service.
Quality of Service (QoS) A measure of performance

for a transmission system that reflects its transmission quality
and service availability. QoS flags are available in IP head-
ers and may be set and measured with the Ixia system.
Rr
Receive Mode An Ixia basic mode of operation – either
capture or packet group.
Region In the Ixia architecture, a set of related streams.
Request Reverse Option (RRO) An RSVP-TE option

that requests that a complete list of routers be constructed by
reverse message transmission.
Resource Reservation Protocol Traffic

Engineering (RSVP-TE) A subset of the entire RSVP
protocol related to Traffic Engineering (TE). This protocol
implements an assignment of labels from ingress to egress
routers, with consideration for bandwidth and other
QoS requirements.
Ring APS Ring APS signaling provides protection

switching for bi-directional line-switched rings.
RIP Routing Information Protocol. The Internet gateway

protocol supplied with UNIX BSD systems. The most common
IGP in the Internet. RIP uses hop count as a routing metric.
RIPng Routing Information Protocol Next Generation, for

use with IPv6.
RoundTrip Flows An Ixia technique by which packets

are reflected back to their source and the round trip time
measured.
Route A path from one network element to another.
Router ID In routing protocols, a unique number associat-

ed with the router. Often one of its IP addresses.
RSVP-TE See Resource Reservation Protocol Traffic

Engineering.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : S Ixia p. 193
Ss
SA See Source Address.
ScriptGen An Ixia tool for generating Tcl setup scripts

from active port configurations.
SDK See Software Development Kit.
Section Errors A particular type of BIP Errors found

or inserted in POS systems.
Security Association (SA) Before two machines can

establish an IPSec VPN tunnel and communicate securely
through it, they must agree on the security parameters to
use during communication, establishing what is called
a Security Association.
Security Gateway an intermediate system, such as

a router or firewall, that implements IPSec protocols for
a device or network.
Server A host responding to processing requests.
Server Farm A set of servers delivering information content.
Server Load Balancing SLB switches route incoming

traffic to servers in a server farm.
SES See Severely Errored Seconds.
Session A connection between a Web client and server,

which may support multiple requests and responses.
Severely Errored Seconds (SES) For POS received

traffic, the number of one-second periods which contains
30% or more errored blocks.
SFD See Start Field Descriptor.
SLB See Server Load Balancing.
Slice Size In the Ixia architecture, the amount of data

saved in a port‘s capture buffer, per packet.
Source Address A Data Link Layer field that indicates

the MAC level source of the packet.
Spatial Reuse Protocol A Cisco developed MAC

layer protocol.
SPE See Synchronous Payload Envelope.
Split Horizon A technique used in RIP routers whereby

the RIP router does not absorb received routes into its own
Phone 877 FOR IXIA routing table.
www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : S – T Ixia p. 194
SRP See Spatial Reuse Protocol.
Start Field Descriptor (SFD) A single byte with

a value of 0xAD that separates the preamble of a packet
from its header.
Stream In the Ixia architecture, a set of transmitted data

that consists of a number of bursts, each burst containing
a number of packets.
SYN A TCP packet with the SYN bit set. This is the start
of a TCP session establishment.
SYN-ACK A TCP packet with the SYN and ACK bit set.
This is the acknowledgement from the second part of the
start of communications.
Synchronous Payload Envelope (SPE) The part

of a SONET frame that carries the payload data. It also
includes the Path Overhead, but not the Section Overhead
or Line Overhead.
Tt
Tcl Tool Command Language. Tcl is an interpreted programming
language.
TCP Transmission Control Protocol. A connection oriented

transport layer protocol that provides reliable full-duplex
data transmission. TCP is part of the TCP/IP protocol stack.
TE See RSVP-TE.
Time Stamp An element of the FIR. See Frame Identity

Record.
Time to First Byte (TTFB) The time between a client‘s

trans-mission of the last byte of a GET request to the receipt
of the first byte of the response from the server.
Time to Last Byte (TTLB) The time between a client‘s

transmission of the last byte of a GET request to the receipt
of the last byte of the response from the server.
Time to Live (IP) An element of the IP header that indi-

cates how many more hops a packet is allowed to take.
TOS (IP) See Precedence (IP).
Transport Layer Layer 4 of the OSI reference model.

This layer is responsible for reliable network communication
between end nodes. The Transport Layer provides mech-
anisms for the establishment, maintenance, and termination
of virtual circuits, transport fault detection and recovery, and
information flow control. TCP is a transport layer protocol.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : T – U – V – W Ixia p. 195
Trigger See Capture Trigger.
Triple Data Encryption Standard (Triple DES,

or 3DES) The current encryption key standard for most
business use, 3DES encrypts data three times with up to
three different keys.
TTFB See Time to First Byte.
TTL (IP) See Time to Live (IP).
TTLB See Time to Last Byte.
Tunnel ID In RSVP-TE, an identification of a flow within

a LSP (Label Switched Path).
Uu
UDF See User Defined Fields.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) A connectionless

transport layer protocol. UDP is a simple protocol that ex-
changes datagrams without acknowledgments or guaranteed
delivery, requiring that error processing and retransmission be
handled by other protocols. UDP is defined in RFC 768.
UDS See User Defined Statistics.
Unicast Communication between a single sender and

a single receiver over a network.
URL The address of a file (resource) accessible on the Internet.
User Defined Fields (UDF) In the Ixia architecture,

User Defined Fields can be configured in a number of ways
for generating data patterns within packets.
User Defined Statistics (UDS) In the Ixia architecture,

the ability of the user to define statistics based on packet
contents, errors and size.
Vv
Very Short Reach (VSR) Optical transceivers on
Ixia OC192c POS ports support 850 nm VSR-1 parallel inter-
faces. The OC192c POS serial data stream is modified to
be carried by a cable containing 12 parallel optical fibers.
VLAN Virtual LAN. A technique by which a number of

nodes on one or more networks form a virtual network.
VSR See Very Short Reach.
Ww
Web Stress Testing The process of generating large
numbers of requests so as to determine the limits of web
servers and load balancing systems.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Glossary : W – X Ixia p. 196
Web Switch A sophisticated device which performs web

server load balancing by referring to the contents of web
requests and responses.
Xx
XAUI An interface for 10 Gigabit Ethernet, defined in IEEE
802.3ae. XAUI stands for ‘X‘ (the Roman numeral for ‘10‘,
as in ‘10 Gigabit‘), plus ‘AUI‘ or Attachment Unit Interface.
The XAUI interface can be used between two optional XGMII
Extender sublayers to extend the distance between the XGMII
interface and the Physical Coding sublayer.
XENPAK XFP, X2, XPAK The Multi-Source Agreements

(MSA) defining the standard for pluggable transceiver modules.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Sales Offices and Contact Information Ixia p. 197
Sales Offices:
Ixia Worldwide Headquarters

and Western United States
26601 West Agoura Road
Calabasas, CA 91302
USA
Phone 877 FOR IXIA (877.367.4942)
Fax 818.871.1805
www.ixiacom.com
Ixia Northern California

5201 Great America Parkway
Suite 306
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Phone 877 FOR IXIA (877.367.4942)
Fax 818.871.1805
Ixia Eastern United States

2530 Meridian Parkway
Suite 3000
Durham, NC 27713
Phone 877 FOR IXIA (877.367.4942)
Fax 818.871.1805
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com
Sales Offices and Contact Information Ixia p. 198
Ixia Canada
1 Raymond Street
Ottawa, ON K1R-1A2
CANADA
Phone 818.871.1800
Fax 818.871.1805
ixiacanada@ixiacom.com
Ixia Europe, Middle East,

Africa and India
Avonbury Business Park
Unit 5
Howes Lane
Biscester
Oxfordshire
OX26 2UB
UNITED KINGDOM
Phone +44 1869 356370
Fax +44 1869 356371
ixiaeurope@ixiacom.com
Ixia Asia Pacific

New Shanghai International Tower
Suite 26E
360 Pudong Nan Road
Shanghai 200120
CHINA
Phone + 86 21 50543439
ixiachina@ixiacom.com
Ixia Japan K.K.

Aioi Sonpo Shinjuku Building
16th Floor
3-25-3 Yoyogi Shibuya-Ku
Tokyo 151-0053
JAPAN
Phone + 81 3 5365 4690
Fax + 81 3 3299 6263
ixiajapan@ixiacom.com
Phone 877 FOR IXIA

www.ixiacom.com
Trademark Information Ixia p. 199
Copyright (c) 1998-2003 Ixia. All rights reserved.
Ixia and its licensors retain all ownership rights to the IXIA 100, 400T and 1600T hardware and software and its documentation.
Use of Ixia hardware and software is governed by the license agreement accompanying your original purchase. This manual,
as well as the hardware and software described in it, is furnished under license and may only be used or copied in accordance
with the terms of such license. The information in this manual is furnished for informational use only, is subject to change without
notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Ixia. Ixia assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccura-
cies that may appear in this book. Except as permitted by such license, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without the prior
written permission of Ixia.
Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph 14(g)(iii) at FAR
52.227 and subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.
IXIA, the Ixia logo, ANVL, IxExplorer, IxServer, IxProfile, IxActivate, IxAccess, Optixia and IxChariot are either trademarks or
registered trademarks of Ixia in the United States and/or other countries.
All other companies and product names and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Phone 877 FOR IXIA
www.ixiacom.com

Ixia Catalog

Încărcat de

Informații document

Descriere originală:

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Ixia Catalog

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

v.2004.

Ixia Product Catalog

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Ixia Product Matrix p. 7

Ixia Testing Solutions p. 16

Network Test & Measurement Glossary p. 182

Sales Office & Contact Information p. 197

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Who is Ixia? • Ixia is a leading, global provider of high performance

What distinguishes us? • Ixia is an engineering company, started and built

How do we do it? • Ixia‘s highly scalable solutions generate, capture,

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Where do we add value? • Network Equipment Manufacturers and Semiconductor

• Service Providers and large Enterprises depend on

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Outstanding examples include:

• Network Equipment Manufacturers

• Fortune 1000 Enterprises

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Why test and measure? To test and measure is to know:

• If the networking device conforms to accepted

What sets Ixia apart • ”Commando-Like” Responsiveness – Our customers

• More Value – Our customers perform highly complex and

• One Test Tool – Our customers operate on a single hard-

• Open Architecture – Our customers depend upon our APIs

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Ixia Product Matrix

802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree

802.1d Spanning Tree

Customer Premise Routers

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Product Matrix (cont.)

Layer 2 MPLS VPN

Customer Premise Routers

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Product Matrix (cont.)

Distributed Denial of Serive

Customer Premise Routers

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Product Matrix (cont.)

Application Traffic Emulation:

Customer Premise Routers

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Product Matrix (cont.)

Windows NT File Print

Customer Premise Routers

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Product Matrix (cont.)

Microsoft NetMeeting Audio

Customer Premise Routers

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Product Matrix (cont.)

Bit Error Rate Testing

Cisco Frame Relay

Customer Premise Routers

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Product Matrix (cont.)

10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN

IXIA 1600T (16 slots)

Customer Premise Routers

Phone 877 FOR IXIA

Ixia Testing Solutions