PROFIT and Loss. 45

PROFIT & LOSS
1. Cost of 3 cricket balls = cost of 2 pairs of leg pads

cost of 3 pairs of leg pads = cost of 2 pars of gloves
cost of 3 pairs of gloves=cost of 2 cricket bat
if a cricket bat costs Rs.54, what is the cost of a cricket ball?
Ans Rs.16
Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult
Basic Formula:
Let us assume
Cricket balls = A ; Leg pads = B ; Gloves = C ; Cricket bat = D
Answer with Explanation:
3
3A = 2 B ⇒ B = 2
A
3
3B = 2 C ⇒ C = 2
B
3 3
= 2 2
( A)
9
C = 4
A
3
3C = 2 D ⇒ D = 2
C
3 9
= 2 4
( A)
27
D = 8
A
27
D = 54 ⇒ 54 = 8 A
A = 16
Profit and Loss, BU Page 1 www.aptitudecoach.com

2. If by selling an article for RS.100, a man gains Rs.15 then his gain percent
is
Ans 17 11/17%
Basic Formula:
Cost price = selling price - profit
Step : 1
Cost price = selling price - profit

= 100 – 15 = 85
15
∴Profit per cent = 85
x 100
= 300 / 17
11
= 17 17
%

3. What is the loss percent if a man loses Rs.10 on selling and article for
Rs.100?
Basic Formula:
Cost price = selling price + loss
Step : 1
Cost price = selling price + loss
= 100 + 10 = 110
Step : 2
10
Loss per cent = 110
x 100
100
= 11
1
=9 11
%

4. A shopkeeper sold an article for Rs.2564.36. Approximately what was his
profit percent if the cost price of the article was Rs.2400?
Basic Formula:
Cost price + Profit = selling price
Cost price is 2400

Profit is X%
ie. 2400 + 2400 x 1/100 x X = 2564.36
2400 + 24x = 2564.36

24x = 2564.36 – 2400
X = 164.36 / 24
= 6.848
Approximately 7 %

5. A man sold an article for Rs.247.50, thereby gaining 12 ½% . The cost
of the article was. Rs.220
Basic Formula:
Cost price + Profit = Selling price
Let us assume cost price is x
X + X x 25/2 x 1/100 = 247.50
X + 25x/200 = 247.50 (taking LCM)
200x + 25x = 247.50 x 200
225x = 49500
X = 49500 / 225
X = 220
∴The cost price is Rs. 220/-

6. A retailer buys a radio for Rs.225. His overhead expenses are Rs.15
he sells the radio for Rs.300. The profit percent of the retailer is
……….Ans25
Basic Formula:
Cost price + profit = selling price
Cost price = 225 + 15 = 240
Ie., 240 + X x 240 x 1/100 = 300
24 x
240 + 10
= 300
(taking LCM)
2400 + 24x = 3000
24x = 3000 – 2400
24x = 600
X = 600/24
X = 25.

7. A shopkeeper bought an article for Rs.319.60. Approximately at what
price should he sell the article to make 25% profit ans Rs.400
Basic Formula:
Assume cost = 100
Profit = 25 / 125
100 ⇒ 125
319.60 = ?
319 .60 x125

⇒
100
⇒ 399.5
⇒ 400 approximately.

8. If the selling price of an article is 4/3 times its cost price, the profit
percent is ans…. 33 1/3
Basic Formula:
Cost price = selling price – profit

Let cost price is x and selling price is 4/3 x
Ie., profit = selling price – cost price
4
= 3
x -x
= x/3
profit
x
Profit % = cos tprice
x100 = 3
x
x 100
= 3
x x
100 1
= 3
= 33 3
%

9. There would be 10% loss if a to is sold at RS.10.80 per piece. At what
price should it be sold to earn a profit of 20% ans…Rs.14.40
Basic Formula:

Step : 1
Assume cost = 100 Assume cost = 100
Loss = 10 / 90 profit = 20 = 120 = ?
90 ⇒ 10.80
120 = ?
120 x10 .80

90
= 14.40

10.By selling an article for Rs.19.50 a dealer makes a profit of 30% by
how much should he increase his selling price so as to make a profit
of 40% an ….Rs.1.50
Basic Formula:

Step : 1
Assume cost = 100 Assume cost = 100

Profit =30 = 130 profit = 40 = 140 = ?
130 = 19.5
140 = ?
140 x19 .5
⇒ = 21
130
Ie. Selling price = 21 – 19.5

= Rs. 1.5

11.Rahim buys mangoes at the rate of 3kg for Rs.21 and sells them at
5kg for Rs.50. To earn Rs.102 as profit, he must sell. Ans 34kg
Basic Formula:
Cost :
3 kg Mangoes Rs. 21 ⇒ 1 kg = Rs. 7
Selling Cost:
5 kg = 50 ⇒ 1 kg = 10
Difference for 1 kg is (10-7) = 3
1 kg = Rs.3
? = Rs.102
102 / 3 = 34 kg

12.If books bought at prices ranging from Rs.200 to Rs.350 are sold at
prices ranging from Rs.300 to Rs.425, what is the greatest possible
profit that might be made in selling eight books ? ans Rs.1800
Basic Formula:
profit = selling price – cost price
Let us consider all the eight books are bought at least cost
200 x 8 = 1600
Selling at the highest price
425 x 8 = 3400
∴Profit = selling price – cost price
= 3400 - 1600 = 1800

13.The cost price of 20 articles is the same as selling price of 15 articles.
The profit percent in the transaction is ans : 33 1/3
Basic Formula:
20 −15
15
x 100
5
15
x 100 = 100/3
= 33 1/3 %

14. A man sells 320 mangoes at the cost price of 400 mangoes. His gain
perecent is Ans, 25%
Basic Formula:
Gain percentage = profit / cost price x 100
400 – 320 = 80
80
320
x 100 = 25 %

15.If the cost price of 12 tables is equal to the selling price of 16 tables,
the loss percent is ans 25%
Basic Formula:
cos tprice − sellingric e

sellingpri ce x 100
Result is +ve = we get a profit

Result is –ve = we get a loss
12 −16
16
x 100
−4
16
x 100 = -25%
= 25% loss.

16.If the selling price of 18 articles is equal to the CP of 21 articles the
loss or gain percent ans: 16 2/3 % loss
Basic Formula:
cos tprice − sellingric e

sellingpri ce x 100
Result is +ve = we get a profit

Result is –ve = we get a loss
21 −18
18
X 100
3
18
X 100
100 / 6 = 50/3
= 16 2/3 % profit

17.If by selling 100 mangoes the CP of 120 mangoes is realized the gain
percent is ans 6 1/11%
Basic Formula:
Let cost price of each Mango be Re.1
Cost price of 120 Mangoes is Rs. 120
Selling price of 100 Mangoes is rs. 100
Gain is = 20/100 x 100
= 20%

18.By selling a pen for Rs.15, a man loses one sixteenth of what it costs
him. The cost of the pen is Rs.16
Basic Formula:
Let us assume cost price is x

1
Ie., x – 15 = 16
x
x
X – 15 - 16
x
X- 16
= 15
16 x − x
16
= 15
15 x
16
= 15
15 x16
X = 15
X = 16

19. By selling an article, sheetal earned a profit equal to 1/4th of the price
he bought it. If he sold it for Rs.375 what was the cost price ans
RS.300
Basic Formula:
Selling price = cost price + profit
Let us cost price is x
1
375 = x + 4
x
4x + x
375 = 4
5x
375 = 4
375 x 4
5
=x
X = 300
The cost price is Rs. 300

20.A shopkeeper on selling a pen for Rs.10, loses 1/11 of what it costs
him. His cost price is ans 11.
Basic Formula:
Loss = Cost price – selling price
1
Given : Loss is 11
of Cost Price
1
11
CP = CP – 10
1
10 = CP - 11
CP
11CP −1CP 10 10 x11

10 = ⇒ 10 = CP ⇒ = CP
11 11 10
Cost Price = 11

21.A fruit seller purchases oranges at the rate of 3 for Rs.5 and sells them
at 2 for Rs.4. His profit in the transaction is ans 20%
Basic Formula:

22.If I purchased 11 books for Rs.10 and sold all the books at the rate of
10 books for Rs.11, the profit percent is ans 21%
Basic Formula:

23.A man bought a number of oranges at 3 for a rupee and an equal
number at 2 for a rupee. At what price per dozen should be sell them
to make a profit of 20%?
Answer: Rs.6
Basic Formula:

24. A man buys eggs at 2 for Re.1 and an equal number at 3 for Rs.2 and
sells the whole at 5 for Rs.3. His gain or loss per cent is ?
Answer : 2 6/7% gain
Basic Formula:

25.Ajay bought 15 kg os dhal at the rate of Rs.14.50 per kg and 10kg at
the rate of Rs.13 per kg. He mixed the two and sold the mixture at the
rate of Rs.15 per kg. What was his total gain in this transaction?
Answer :Rs. 27.50
Basic Formula:
15 → 14.50
10 → 13
The difference rate is

15 (15 – 14.50) ⇒ 15 x 0.50 = 7.5
10 (15 – 13) ⇒ 10 x 2 = 20.0
Total = 27.5
Answer = Rs. 27.50

By mixing two qualities of pulses in the ratio 2:3 and selling the mixture at the
rate of Rs.22 per kg a shopkeeper makes a profit of 10%. If the cost of the
smaller quantity be Rs.14 per kg, the cost per kg of the large quantity is ?
Answer : Rs 24
Basic Formula:

26.Toffees are bought at the rate of 3 for a rupee. To gain 50% they must
be sold at?
Answer : 2 for a Rupee
Basic Formula:
Cost price + profit = Selling Price
Let 3 toffees cost price is Re.1
Ie. 1 toffee cost price is 1/3
Ie., 1/3 + 1/3 x 50% = x
1 1 1
3
+ 3
x 50 x 100
=x
1 1
3
+ 6
=x
2 +1
6
=x
1
X= 2
2 toffees for a rupee.

The cost price of 12 article is same as selling price of 9 articles. Then find
the Gain Percentage?
Basic Formula:
Gain Percentage = Profit / cost price x 100
12 − 9
9
x 100
3/9 x 100
100/3
= 33 1/3

Alfred buys an old scooter for Rs.4700 and spends Rs.800 on its repairs. If
he sells the scooter for Rs.5800, his gain percent is ?
Basic Formula:
Profit Percentage = Profit / cost price x 100
Cost price = 4700 +800 = 5500
Profit = 5800 – 5500 = 300
Profit percentage = 300 / 5500 x 100
= 5.45%

27. When a plot is sold for Rs. 18,700, the owner loses 15%. At what
price must the plot be sold in order to gain 15%?
Answer : Rs. 25,300
Basic Formula:
Step : 1
Assume cost = 100 Assume Cost = 100

Loss = 15 = 85 gain = 15 = 115
Sold for Rs. 18,700
85 ⇒ 18700
85 = 18,700 115 = ?
To find : 115 = ?
85x = 115 x 18,700
115 x18700
X= 85
X= 25300

If selling price is doubled, the profit triples. Find the profit percent
Answer : 100
Basic Formula:

The percentage profit earned by selling an article for Rs. 1920 is equal to the
percentage loss incurred by selling the same article for Rs. 1280. At what
price should the article be sold to make 25% profit?
Answer : Rs. 2000
Basic Formula:

28.A man bought apples at the rate of 8 for Rs.34 and sold them at the
rate of 12 for Rs.57. How many apples should be sold to earn a net
profit of Rs. 45?
Answer : 90
Basic Formula:

To find cost price per apple:
8 apples = Rs. 34
1 apple = Rs. 4.25
Selling price per apple:

12 apples = Rs. 57
1 apple = Rs. 4.75
Profit per apple = selling price – cost price

4.75 – 4.25 = .50
Therefore X x 0.50 = 45
X = Rs. 90

29.A man bought some oranges at Rs.10 per dozen and bought the same
number of oranges at Rs.8 per dozen. He sold these oranges at Rs.11
per dozen and gained Rs. 120. The total number of oranges bought by
him was :
Answer : 60 dozens
Basic Formula:

Cost price :
1 dozen oranges = Rs. 10
Selling price:
Profit per dozen is Rs. 2
Therefore x dozen x profit = Rs. 120

x = 120/2
X = 60 dozen

39. A sells a bicycle to B at a profit of 20%. B sells it to C at a profit of 25%.
If C pays Rs.225 for it, the cost price of the bicycle for A is:
Rs.110 Rs.120 Rs.125 Rs.150
Basic Formula:
Selling price for 8 is Rs. 225

Cost price + profit = 225
25 x
X+ 100
= 225
X = 180
Cost price of 8 is 180
Selling price of a is 180

Cost price + profit = 180
20 y
Y+ 100
= 180
Y = 150
The cost price of A is Rs. 150/-

40. If 5% more is gained by selling an article for Rs.350 than by selling it for
Rs.340, the cost of the article is:
Rs.50 Rs.160 Rs.200 Rs.225
Basic Formula:
Cost price + profit = selling price
X = Cost price
Y = Profit
xy
X+ = 340 ⇒ 100x +xy = 34000
100
x( y + 5)
X+ = 350 ⇒ 105x +xy = 35000 (-)
100
-5 x = - 1000
X = 200

41. Hemant sold 10 sarees for a total profit of Rs.460 and 12 sarees for a
total profit of Rs.144. At what profit per saree should he sell the remaining
20 sarees so that he gets an average profit of Rs.18 per saree?
Rs.7.40 Rs.7.60 Rs.7.80 Rs.8
Basic Formula:

42. What is the selling price of a car? If the cost of the car is Rs. 60 and a
profit of 10% over selling price is earned?
Basic Formula:
Cost price is Rs. 60

Profit is 10% of Cost Price
10
100
x 60 = 6
Selling Price = CP + Profit

= 60 + 6 = 66
SP is Rs. 66

43. The cost of an item is Rs. 12.60. If the profit is 10% over selling price
what is the selling price?
Basic Formula:
Cost Price = 12.60

Profit = 10% of CP
10
= 100
x 12.60
126
= 100
= 1.26
Selling Price = CP + Profit

= 12.60 + 1.26
= 13.86

44. A man gains 10% by selling a certain article for a certain price. If he
sells it at double the price, the profit made is :
Answer : 120%
Basic Formula:

45. Kanaka owns aplot worth Rs.10,000. He sells it to Raman at 10% profit
Raman sells the plot back to kanaka at a loss of 10%. In the whole
transaction kanaka gets :
Answer : Rs.1,100
Basic Formula:

46. Profit after selling a commodity for Rs. 425 is the same as the loss after
selling it for Rs. 355. What is the cost of the commodity?
Answer : 390
Basic Formula:
Profit = Selling Price – Cost Price
Assume cost Price = x

P = 425 –x
P ⇒ 425 – x = 355 +x
425 – 355 = 2x
70 = 2x
X = 35
P = 425 – 35 = 390

47. An article when sold at a gain of 5% yields Rs.15 more than when sold
at a loss of 5%. What is the cost price?
Answer : Rs.150
Basic Formula:
Let the cost price is x

100 + 5 105
5% gain ⇒ 100
= 100
100 − 5 95
5% loss = 100
= 100
105 95
100
x- 100
x = 15
105 x − 95 x
100
= 15
10 x
100
= 15
1500
X= 10
= 150

48. A reduction of 25% in the price of eggs will enable one to buy 4 dozen
more eggs for Rs.96. What is the price per dozen?
Answer : Rs.8
Basic Formula:

49. If an article is sold at 5% gain instead of 5% loss, the seller gets Rs.6.72
more. The Cost Price of the article is :
Answer : Rs.67.20
Basic Formula:

50. Two-third of a consignment was sold at a profit of 5% and the remainder
at a loss of 2%. If the total profit was Rs.400, the value of the consignment
(in rupees) was : Rs. 15,000
Basic Formula:
Let the value of the consignment is Rs. X

2 1
3
x X 5% - 3
x X 2% = 400
2x 5 x 2
3
x 100
- 3
x 100
= 400
10 x 2x
300
- 300
= 400
8x
300
= 400 ⇒ 8x = 120000
X = 120000/8 = 15000

PROFIT and Loss. 45

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PROFIT & LOSS

1. Cost of 3 cricket balls = cost of 2 pairs of leg pads

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Answer with Explanation:

Profit and Loss, BU Page 1 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Cost price = selling price - profit

Answer with Explanation:

Cost price = selling price - profit

Profit and Loss, BU Page 2 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Cost price = selling price + loss

Answer with Explanation:

Profit and Loss, BU Page 3 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Cost price + Profit = selling price

Answer with Explanation:

Cost price is 2400

2400 + 24x = 2564.36

Profit and Loss, BU Page 4 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Cost price + Profit = Selling price

Answer with Explanation:

Let us assume cost price is x

X + X x 25/2 x 1/100 = 247.50

X + 25x/200 = 247.50 (taking LCM)

200x + 25x = 247.50 x 200

∴The cost price is Rs. 220/-

Profit and Loss, BU Page 5 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Cost price + profit = selling price

Answer with Explanation:

Cost price = 225 + 15 = 240

Ie., 240 + X x 240 x 1/100 = 300

2400 + 24x = 3000

24x = 3000 – 2400

Profit and Loss, BU Page 6 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Answer with Explanation:

Assume cost = 100

319 .60 x125

Profit and Loss, BU Page 7 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Answer with Explanation:

Cost price = selling price – profit

Profit and Loss, BU Page 8 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Answer with Explanation:

Assume cost = 100 Assume cost = 100

Loss = 10 / 90 profit = 20 = 120 = ?

120 x10 .80

Profit and Loss, BU Page 9 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Answer with Explanation:

Assume cost = 100 Assume cost = 100

Ie. Selling price = 21 – 19.5

Profit and Loss, BU Page 10 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult

Answer with Explanation:

3 kg Mangoes Rs. 21 ⇒ 1 kg = Rs. 7

Difference for 1 kg is (10-7) = 3

Profit and Loss, BU Page 11 www.aptitudecoach.com

Difficulty Level : Easy Moderately easy Difficult