Work Sheet for Principal Stresses and Strains

Eddie McAbee
Note:
Computation
Input Measurements
of Principalare
Stresses
shaded gray, calculations are unshaded
Beam Dimensions Gage Locations Gage Factors
lb 6
E := 10.4 ⋅ 10 ⋅
b := 1.00 ⋅ in 2 x := 1.00 ⋅ in Sg1 := 2.080
in
t := 0.125 ⋅ inE Sg2 := 2.100
( )−6 lb
σp := ⋅ ε p + ν ⋅ ε q ⋅ 10 = 10129.421⋅
2 2
L := 11.25 ⋅1in− ν in Sg3 := 2.080

( )
E lb
Maximum
σq := Load⋅ εfor 15,000− psi
q + ν ⋅ ε p ⋅ 10
6
= 0⋅
2 2
1−ν in
2
lb σ ⋅b ⋅t
σ := 15000⋅ Pmax := = 3.811⋅ lb Pactual := 2.42 ⋅ lb
2 6( L − x )
in
Computation of Principal Stresses from Theory
6 ⋅ Pactual ⋅ ( L − x ) lb
Individual Strain:= Measurements= 9525.12⋅
σlongitudinal
2 2
b ⋅t in
Initial1 := 0 Initial2 := 559 Initial3 := −40

Final1 := 645 lb Final2 := 1455 Final3 := −4

σlateral := 0
2
in
ε 1 := Final1 − Initial1 = 645 ε 2 := Final2 − Initial2 = 896 ε 3 := Final3 − Initial3 = 36

Principal Strains
Error in longitudinal Stress Calculations
ε1 + ε3
( ) ( )
1 2 2
A := = 340.5 B := ⋅ ε 1 − ε 2 + ε 2 − ε 3 = 633.483
2 σp − σlongitudinal 2
Error:= = 5.966⋅ %
σp

ε p := A + B = 973.983 ε q := ( A − B) ⋅ 1.025 = −300.307

Poisson's Ratio

εq
ν := = 0.308
εp

Computation of Angles Between Gage (1) and Principal Axes

 2 ⋅ε2 − ε1 − ε3 
θ p :=
1
atan
  = 30.635⋅ deg
2  ε1 − ε3 
 

θ q := θ p + 90 ⋅ deg = 120.635⋅ deg