OKU Malaysian Standard

AUDIT ACCESS universiti kebangsaan malaysia
GUIDELINES ON ACCESS
FOR DISABLED PERSONS
TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS
TAKLIMAT PENAMBAHBAIKAN STRUKTUR
MESRA PELANGGAN UNTUK KEPERLUAN MQA
Bilek Senat, Bangunan Canselori
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
11hb. Februari, 2009
Anjuran
Pusat Pembangunan Akademik, UKM
Disediakan oleh:
Mastor Surat
NurAkmal Goh Abdullah
Mazlan Mohd Tahir
Jabatan Seni Bina, Fakulti Kejuruteraan Dan Alam Bina
mastor@eng.ukm.my
INTERPRETATION
Disabled persons refer to people with

a physical, hearing or sight impairment
or any combination thereof, which
affects their mobility outside building
or their use of buildings and related
amenities
Malaysian Standard
INTRODUCTION
At the beginning of the 20 century, the

average human lifespan was only
about 47 years. People are now living
longer today. The average lifespan
has increased to about 76, largely due
to healthier living, and better medicine.
In addition, more people are now living

with disability, as medical advances
have also enabled people to survive
illness and accidents, which were
previously fatal.
INTRODUCTION (Contd...)
These demographic changes resulted

in a population that is older and more
disabled than many realize and these
trends continue. Both globally as well
as in Malaysia.
For example, Hong Kong in 2006 will

have over one-third of its population
over 60 years of age. In Japan, a
quarter of its population will be 65 and
over in 2015. Singapore by the year
2030 is expected to have one-fifth of
its population over 65 years
of age.
BARIER FREE GUIDELINES
In the past, community attitudes and

physical barriers in the built environment
may have prevented people with disabilities
from fully participating in society.
The MS 1184:1991 Code of Practice on

Access for Disabled People to Public
Buildings was first introduced in
Malaysia in 1991, followed by
MS1331:1993 Code of Practice on Access
for Disabled People Outside Buildings in
1993. It was then written primarily with the
needs of wheelchair users in mind, and
was followed with its second edition of the
revised Code in 2002 and 2003
respectively.

(Contd.)
Since that time, accessibility for

wheelchair users has now become a
standard feature in most of our new
buildings. With this, it has also
become more and more common to
see wheelchair users moving about
freely on their own, or with friends and
families.
As we all know, even if a person is

unable to walk or if a person is without
sight, or without hearing, the person’s
other facilities continue to function.
The person will continue to possess,
his or her mind and intellect,
imaginations as well as aspirations.

(Contd.)
The “barrier-free” design guidelines

will help considerably towards greater
independence of not only wheelchair
users, but also hopefully, the elderly,
the visually or hearing impaired,
children, and indeed a broad spectrum
of the community.

(Contd.)
MALAYSIAN STANDARD
MS 1331 : 2003 (MS 1331 : 1993)

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ACCESS OF
DISABLED PERSONS OUTSIDE BUILDINGS
MS 1184 : 2002 (MS 1184 : 1991)

CODE OF PRACTICE ON ACCESS FOR
DISABLED PERSONS TO PUBLIC
BUILDINGS
MS 2015 :PART 1 : 2006

PUBLIC TOILETS – PART 1 : MINIMUN
DESIGN CRITERIA

(Contd.)
The guidelines aimed at creating an

inclusive, barrier-free and rights-base
society for people with disabilities,
thereby systematically improving their
living conditions inside and outside
buildings and enabling them to achieve
their total development potential.
Malaysian Standard

(Contd.)
The main features designers have to

look out for when designing a building
The main considerations include facilities

for persons with disabilities e.g. toilets,
carparks, etc,
movement from one level to another e.g.

ramps, lifts, etc,
opening widths and maneuvering spaces

at doors, passageways and internal
spaces and
signages within or outside the building.


(Contd.)
The items
. Vehicle parking and access

. Pathways and ramps
. Main entrances
. Step ramps
. Doors and doorways
. Stairs
. Lifts
. Escalators
. Handrails
. Grab rails
. Circulation spaces
. Guiding blocks
. Toilet requirements
. Water closets
. Urinals
. Shower facilities
Malaysian Standard

(Contd.)
The scope (contd.)
. Washbasin and other facilities

. Bath
. Combined water closet and shower
recess
. Shelving and wall units
. Work surfaces
. Projections, guard rails, openings and
drops
. Finishes
. Controls for use by disabled persons
. Signs and symbols
. Announcements, signals and warnings
for people with detective sight or
hearing impaired
. Landscape
. Hotel bedrooms
Malaysian Standard
FEATURES TO EMULATE
A CONNECTIVITY
i. External Accessible Route
Seamless connectivity with public

transportation nodes
Seamless connectivity with public

street(s) and sidewalk(s) with
adjacent developments
ii. Access to building
Provision of ramp and steps to

entrance
Automatic doors at accessible

entrance
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
A CONNECTIVITY
iii. Horizontal Circulation
Wide circulation path to accommodate

projected human traffic volume and
wheelchair users
iv. Vertical Circulation
More than 1 accessible lift for

wheelchair users and serving all floors
Accessible lift located in main

circulation area
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
B ACCESSIBILITY
i. External Accessible Facilities
Brightly lit and well ventilated car park
• Conspicuous accessible car park

lots for wheelchair users painted in
colour different from other lots
• Accessible car park lots positioned

next to lift lobby providing direct,
smooth and short transfer
Pedestrian lanes in the car park to

enhance safety of users
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
C Space Allowances
Minimum clear floor space of 900mm

x 1200mm is required to
accommodate a single stationary
wheelchair
Minimum clear floor space of 1800mm x

1800mm is required to turn a
wheelchair
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
D Gradient for Ramp
Changes in vertical rise 0-15mm :

Gradient not steeper than 1:2
Changes in vertical rise 15.1-50mm :

Changes in vertical rise 50.1-200mm :

Changes in vertical rise exceeding 200 :

FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
E Handrails / Grab bars
• Should be easy to grasp

• Should be slip-resistant
• Should provide firm and comfortable
grip
• Should slide along the rail without
obstruction
• Should have appropriate diameter
• Should be at the proper height
Diameter:
- Adults : should be 30mm to 45 mm
- Children : should be 30mm to 35 mm
Height of the Handrails / Grab Bars:

- Adults : should be 800mm to 900 mm
- Children : should be 580mm to 700 mm
(7 – 12 years)
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
F Seating Space
Provided at counters, tables or work

surfaces for W/C users
1. Clear floor space: 900mm x 1200mm
(same for children & adults

2. Clear Knee space:
• Adults : 900mm wide x 480mm deep x
700mm high
• Children : 700mm wide x 400mm deep x
680mm high

3. Counter tops:
• Adults : shall not be more than 800mm
from the floor.
• Children : shall be at a height between
700mm to 780mm.
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
G Drinking Fountain
(For Wheelchair users)
Spout Opening of the Drinking Fountain:
• Adults : An opening located between

750mm to 900mm.
• Children : An opening located between

740mm to 780mm.780
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
H Sanitary Provisions
1. Water closet:
Height of the water closet seat of 450mm

to 480mm is recommended for wheelchair
and ambulant disabled users of all age
groups to facilitate transfer
Distance between the centre line of the

water closet to the adjacent wall shall be
460-480mm
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
2. Grab bars:
Two Horizontal grab bars one at the side

wall and another at the wall behind the water
closet shall be mounted at a height between
640mm to 740 mm.
At least 450mm extended in front of the seat
At least 750mm long750 min 450 min

FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
3. Urinal:
Urinal mounted at a height of not more than

400mm from the finished floor level should
be provided for ambulant children with
physical disabilities.
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
4. Wash basin:
700 wide x 400mm deep x 680mm high.
The rim or counter surface should not be

higher than 780mm.
A wash basin with adjustable height is more

appropriate to serve the needs of different
age group.
5. Mirror:
Mirror from maximum 800mm above the

floor level to the top most edge of minimum
1900mm is recommended for all people
including children and adults (both ambulant
and wheelchair users).
A clear floor space of 900mm x 1200mm

should be provided in front of the mirror.
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
I Lift
The lift control panel for children with

disabilities should be placed at a height
between 800mm and 100mm from the floor
level 1000 max
800 max
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
J Public Telephone
The height of the operable parts of a

telephone should be between the height of
800mm to 1000mm
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
K Tuckshop / Canteen
Height of the tables or counters should not

be higher than 780mm where the disabled
children on wheelchair are principal or
predominant users.
A clear floor space of 900mm by 1200mm

should be provided at the front of the
seating space for wheelchair users.
A clear knee space of 700mm wide by

400mm deep by 680mm high should be
provided.
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
L Computer Room
The computer’s central processing unit,

monitor, Printer, key board, mouse and
other accessories should be within the reach
of the users.

seating space for wheelchair users.

provided.
A table with adjustable height is

recommended
FEATURES TO EMULATE
(Contd.)
M Library
Where the revolving doors or turnstiles are

provided at the entrance an adjacent
accessible gate should be
provided.
Height of the tables or counters should not

be higher than 780mm where the disabled
children on wheelchair are principal or
predominant users.

seating space for
wheelchair users.

provided.
A table with adjustable height is

recommended
UKM-OUP-PLW-11-48/2008 universiti kebangsaan malaysia
TERIMA KASIH &

WASSALAM
Mastor Surat
Jabatan Seni Bina
Fakulti Kejuruteraan & Alam Bina
43600 UKM Bangi Selangor
Malaysia
Website: http://www.eng.ukm.my
Email: mastor@vlsi.eng.ukm.my
kjsb@vlsi.eng.ukm.my
Tel. No: +603-8921 6299
Fax No: +603-8921 6841

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AUDIT ACCESS universiti kebangsaan malaysia

Disabled persons refer to people with

At the beginning of the 20 century, the

In addition, more people are now living

These demographic changes resulted

For example, Hong Kong in 2006 will

BARIER FREE GUIDELINES

In the past, community attitudes and

The MS 1184:1991 Code of Practice on

BARIER FREE GUIDELINES

Since that time, accessibility for

As we all know, even if a person is

BARIER FREE GUIDELINES

The “barrier-free” design guidelines

BARIER FREE GUIDELINES

MS 1331 : 2003 (MS 1331 : 1993)

MS 1184 : 2002 (MS 1184 : 1991)

MS 2015 :PART 1 : 2006

BARIER FREE GUIDELINES

The guidelines aimed at creating an

BARIER FREE GUIDELINES

The main features designers have to

The main considerations include facilities

movement from one level to another e.g.

opening widths and maneuvering spaces

signages within or outside the building.

BARIER FREE GUIDELINES

. Vehicle parking and access

BARIER FREE GUIDELINES

The scope (contd.)

. Washbasin and other facilities

i. External Accessible Route

Seamless connectivity with public

Seamless connectivity with public

ii. Access to building

Provision of ramp and steps to

Automatic doors at accessible

iii. Horizontal Circulation

Wide circulation path to accommodate

iv. Vertical Circulation

More than 1 accessible lift for

Accessible lift located in main

i. External Accessible Facilities

Brightly lit and well ventilated car park

• Conspicuous accessible car park

• Accessible car park lots positioned

Pedestrian lanes in the car park to

Minimum clear floor space of 900mm

Minimum clear floor space of 1800mm x

D Gradient for Ramp

Changes in vertical rise 0-15mm :

Changes in vertical rise 15.1-50mm :

Changes in vertical rise 50.1-200mm :

Changes in vertical rise exceeding 200 :

E Handrails / Grab bars

• Should be easy to grasp

Height of the Handrails / Grab Bars:

Provided at counters, tables or work

Provided at counters, tables or work

Provided at counters, tables or work

Spout Opening of the Drinking Fountain:

• Adults : An opening located between

• Children : An opening located between