Tutorial 6 (I/0) SCR103-COA

1. The following figures (a) and (b) illustrates two types of transfer control methods for I/O.

a. Identify transfer control methods in Figure (a) and (b).

b. Describe the methods identified in 2(a).

c. Compare the performance overhead for methods identified in 2(a) in the case of transferring data
using low and high bandwidth I/O devices.

(a)

(b)

2. Figure (a) shows the flow chart of DMA process using Burst Mode while Figure (b) shows its timing
diagram. Explain the steps involved in the DMA transfer using the flow chart and relate it with the timing
diagram.
 (d) Timing Diagram: DMA Burst transfer
(c) DMA Burst transfer
Flow-chart-

3. A CPU has a clock rate (frequency) of 1000MHz. Its interrupt handler requires 800 cycles and a total of
200 cycles for data transfer. The data rate is 32 MB/s and the percentage of I/O transfer is 60% of the total CPU
time. For driven I/O interrupt, data is transfer in block with size of 32 B. On the other hand, direct memory
access (DMA) setup takes 2200 cycles with 32KByte page transfer and one interrupt per page. To better
understanding, please refer to the scenario below:

Interrupt handler = 800cycles

Main
Memory I/O interrupt:
Data transfer Clock = 200cycles
Data transfer Size = 32B/Block
(1 interrupt/block)
DMA Access (Burst):
CPU Data transfer Clock = 2200cycles
Data transfer Size = 32KByte/page
(1 interrupt/page)
Transfer Control Method:
Total I/O transfer:
I/O Interrupt 60% of total CPU time
DMA Burst

32MB/s

I/O data
Storage
Calculate the following I/O operation items for both I/O interrupt and DMA when transferring data from I/O
data storage to main memory. Please show all related formula and workings in table below:

i) Cycle time

ii) No. of transfer/sec

iii) Total cycle for data transfer

iv) Total CPU time for data transfer

v) CPU overhead

vi) Based on (v), what can you say about performance of both I/O control
methods

Operation Item I/O Interrupt DMA

1. Cycle
time

2. …