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  • Servlet Overview

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    Gopal Reddy Karri
    52 vizualizări5 pagini
    Servlets are java technology's answer to CGI programming. It solves the performance problem by executing all requests as threads in one process. Advantages of Servlets over CGI 1. Efficient 2. Convenient 3. Powerful 4. Inexpensive Tools Requirement 1. J2SDK1. ( or higher) 3. Servlet.jar 2. Apache Tomcat Server 5. Setting up Environment Variable 1. Java's home directory's location defined in JAVA_HOME variable.

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    Servlets are java technology's answer to CGI programming. It solves the performance problem by executing all requests as threads in one process. Advantages of Servlets over CGI 1. Efficient 2. Convenient 3. Powerful 4. Inexpensive Tools Requirement 1. J2SDK1. ( or higher) 3. Servlet.jar 2. Apache Tomcat Server 5. Setting up Environment Variable 1. Java's home directory's location defined in JAVA_HOME variable.

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    52 vizualizări5 pagini

    Servlet Overview

    Încărcat de

    Gopal Reddy Karri
    Servlets are java technology's answer to CGI programming. It solves the performance problem by executing all requests as threads in one process. Advantages of Servlets over CGI 1. Efficient 2. Convenient 3. Powerful 4. Inexpensive Tools Requirement 1. J2SDK1. ( or higher) 3. Servlet.jar 2. Apache Tomcat Server 5. Setting up Environment Variable 1. Java's home directory's location defined in JAVA_HOME variable.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Descărcați ca DOC, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    din 5

    Overview of Servlet

    1. What are Servlets?
    2. When it will be useful?
    3. Advantage of Servlets over CGI.
    4. Tools Requirement.
    5. Setting up Environment for that.
    6. Directory Structure of Servlets.
    7. Servlets Life Cycle.
    8. What is web.xml?
    9. Important Packages of Servlet.
    10. Simple “Hello World” program using Servlet.
    11. How to Run Servlet
    Servlet at a Glance

    ● What are Java Servlets?

    Servlets are Java technology's answer to CGI programming. They are 
    programs that run on a Web server and build Web pages. It solves the 
    performance problem by executing all requests as threads in one process, or 
    in a load­balanced system.

    ● When it will be useful?
    a) The Web page is based on data submitted by the user.
    b) The data changes frequently.
    ● Advantages of Servlets over CGI
    1. Efficient
    2. Convenient 
    3. Powerful
    4. Inexpensive
    ● Tools Requirement
    1. J2SDK1.5 ( or higher)
    2. Apache Tomcat Server 5.0
    3. Servlet.jar
    ● Setting up Environment Variable
    1. java's home directory's location defined in JAVA_HOME variable.
    2. configure apache tomcat by CATALINA_HOME variable assign 
    tomcat's home directory
    3. define Servlet.jar file's path in PATH variable, must be take care that 
    existing path must not must be lost.

    ● Directory Structure for Servlet
    1. Application Directory
    1.1 WEB­INF
    1.1.1 Web.xml

    1.1.2 classes
    1.1.2.1 *.class

    1.1.3 lib
    1.1.3.1 *.jar

    1.1.4 tlds
    1.1.4.1 *.tld
    1.2 META­INF
    1.2.1 MANIFIST.MF
    1.3 *.jsp files
    1.4 *.html files

    ● Servlet Life Cycle

    1. public void init(ServletConfig config) throws 
    ServletException
    This method is called once when the servlet is loaded into the servlet 
    engine, before the servlet is asked to process its first request. 
      2.public void service(ServletRequest request, 
    ServletResponse response) throws ServletException, 
    IOException
    This method is called to process a request. It can be called zero, one or
     many times until the servlet is unloaded. Multiple threads (one per
     request) can execute this method in parallel so it must be thread safe. 

    3. public void destroy()
     This method is called once just before the servlet is unloaded and taken 
    out of service.

    ● Role of Web.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO­8859­1"?>
    <web­app>
        <servlet>
            <servlet­name>TestingServlet</servlet­name>
            <servlet­class>TestingServlet</servlet­class>
        </servlet>
        <servlet­mapping>
            <servlet­name>TestingServlet</servlet­name>
            <url­pattern>/servlet/TestingServlet</url­pattern>
        </servlet­mapping>
    </web­app>

    ● Important Packages
    The javax.servlet  package contains interfaces and classes intended to 
    be protocol independent and the javax.servlet.http package contains 
    HTTP specific interfaces and classes. 

    ● Simple “Hello World” example using Servlet
       package bank;
    import java.io.*;
    import javax.servlet.*;
    import javax.servlet.http.*;

    public class TestingServlet extends HttpServlet {
      public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
                        HttpServletResponse response)
          throws ServletException, IOException {
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("Hello World");
      }
    }

    ● HTML code for calling Servlet
    <a href="servlet/TestingServlet"><img 
    SRC="images/execute.gif" HSPACE=4 BORDER=0 
    align=TOP></a><a href="servlet/TestingServlet">Execute</a>
    ● Combinng HTML and .java code into one file.
    response.setContentType("text/html");
        out.println("<HTML>\n" +
                    "<HEAD><TITLE>Hello WWW</TITLE></HEAD>\n" 
           + "<BODY>\n" 
           + "<H1>Hello WWW</H1>\n" 
           + "</BODY></HTML>");
    ● Sending Output to Client
    Instead of writing the response to stdout as you do with CGI, you get an 
    OutputStream or a PrintWriter from the HttpServletResponse. The 
    OuputStream is intended for binary data, such as a GIF or JPEG image, 
    and the PrintWriter for text output. 
    ● How to Run?
    http://localhost:8080/myApp/
    if we combine HTML and .java code then we have to write as 
    follow
       http://localhost:8080/myApp/servlet/TestingServlet

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