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Preparation of Oxalic
acid
Muhammad Usman
(2008-chem-02-B)
1. Cane-Sugar:
Properties of Ethanol:
IUPAC Name Sucrose
Table sugar
Other names
Saccharose
Structure
2. Nitric acid:
Toxic:
Fumes from concentrated nitric acid are very damaging if inhaled
Corrosive:
Concentrated and moderately concentrated solutions are very corrosive
and can cause serious skin damage
Oxidant:
Contact with the eyes can cause serious long-term damage.
Spirit of nitre
Chemicals Required:
1. Cane Sugar (10 g) 2. HNO3 (50 mL.)
3. H2O
Apparatus:
1. Flat Bottom Flask 2. Water bath
3. Wooden block 4. Evaporating basin
5. Filter paper 6. Beaker
Chemical Reaction:
Procedure:
1. Place 10 g of cane sugar in a 750 mL. Flat bottom flask. Then add 50 mL. Of concentrated
nitric acid and heat the flask on a boiling water bath.
2. As the mixture becomes warm a vigorous reaction accompanied by a tremendous evolution of
nitrous fumes. After that remove the flask from water bath and place it on a wooden block.
When the reaction subsides, add the hot solution into evaporating basin. Wash out the flask
with about 10 mL. Of Concentrated Nitric acid. Then evaporate the acid solution on the water
bath until it has a volume of about 10 mL.
3. Now add about 20 mL. Of water to the solution & again evaporate to about 10 mL. Cool the
solution thoroughly in ice water, oxalic acid readily crystallizes.
4. When crystallization is complete dry it by pressing between pads of drying paper.
Lanthanide oxalates figure importantly in commercial processing of lanthanides, and are used to
recover lanthanides from solution after separation.
Miscellaneous uses: