taxmuftuljyK vpOfxkwfpmapmif

twJG (12)? trSwf(2)? toif;awmftwGif; uefUowfxkwfa0onf/ azazmf0g&Dv? 2010ckESpf/

c&pf,mef[o l nf toif; aomol o nf r d r d t xJ ü xk d o uf &MuNyD;vQif? rdbtjzpfokdY a&muf (1aum? 12;13)/

awmfwpfyg;yg;ü trnfpm&if;0if aoud k &\}} &SdMuonf/ c&pf,meftdrfaxmif uREkfyfwkdYonf c&pfawmf
xm;aomoljzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif (1a,m? 5;10) [lonf c&pfawmfESifh oufqkdifrI \ uk, d x
f oJ Ydk a&muf&zdS &Ydk ef aiGay;
\owfrSwfrIrSmrl c&pfawmfudk ,H k M unf o l t csif ; csif ; &Srd S omvQif ac:qkEd idk o
f nfph um; í r&yg/ rnfonfv h rl sK;d jzpfaeyg
u,fwif&iS t f jzpf ,HMk unfvufcH onf bk&m;om;orD;jzpfonfudk jzpfonf/ ap?c&pfawmf\ud, k x f o J Ydk a&muf
onfhtcg 0dnmOfawmfu xkdol tjyeftvSef 0dnmOfpum;tm; &SEd idk yf gonf/ xko d aYdk &muf&EdS idk zf &Ydk ef
tm; c&pfawmf\ud, k xf o
J Ydk AwdZå H jzifh em;vnfEikd o
f nf/ ,HMk unfol 0dnmOfawmfAwdåZHtm;jzifh tjypfom;jzpfaMumif; odyg/ rdrd
tm;jzih?f oGwo f iG ;f vkud yf gonf/ þ wdkif;onf xkdoufao&Sdí c&pf taMumif ; rl u m; ,k '
]]taMumif onfc&pfawmf\ud, k t f jyifbuf
onfum; c&pfawmf\ud, k w f nf; awmf\ udk,fxJü&SdNyD;rS ,HkMunf vljzpfap? a[vovl jzpfap? ütjypfom;b0ESiMhf u;D vmaMumif;
[laom pMumF 0Vmtoif;awmfjzpf oltcsi;f csi;f aygif;zufí tMuif uRefjzpfap? vlvGwfjzpfap? ig odrSwfyg/ NyD;aemuf pMu0Vmt
onf/ xkdtoif;awmfum; bk&m; oif ; awmf w nf ; [l a om c&pf
ocifu, kd af wmfwikd f wnfaqmuf awmf\ukd,fxJokdY 0ifa&mufvkd
xm;aom toif;awmf jzpfonf/ onfq h E´&zdS Ydk vkyd gonf/ xdo k jl yK&
xkdtoif;awmf\ OD;acgif;um; rnft h rIrmS c&pfawmfukd u,fwif
c&pf a wmf j zpf o nf / xk d t oif ; &Siftjzpf ,HkMunfvufcHzkdY vkdyg
awmfü yg0ifz&Ydk ef a&ü AwdZå cH ½H rkH Q onf/xku d o hJ , Ydk MkH unfvufco H nfh
jzifh r&yg/ a&ESifh AwdåZHrcHaomf tcg? bk&m;ocif\om; jzpf&
vnf; 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh? c&pf aomtcGihfudk &ygonf/ om;jzpf
awmf\udk,fxJokdY AwdåZHtm;jzifh ygu 0dnmOfawmfu AwdZå t H m;jzifh
0ifa&mufNy;D ? toif;awmfü yg0if c&pfawmf\uk, d x f o J Ydk oGwo f iG ;f
Ekdifygonf/ c&pfawmf\ udk,f vk d u f y gonf / c&pf , mef t d r f
wnf;[laom xdktoif;awmfü axmifxlEkdifzdkY&ef ESpfOD;pvHk;u
r,HkMunfolwpfa,mufrQ ryg0if c&pfawmf\ uk, d Ef iS pfh yfqidk rf I &S&d
yg/ tm;vH;k wko Yd nf ,HMk unforl sm; vifr,m;jzpfMuonft h cg xkt
d rd f wk d Y & S d o rQonf 0 d n mOf a wmf w pf rnfjzpfonf/ ,aeY? ,HkMunfol
jzpfMu½HkrQru? wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD; axmif o nf bk & m;ocif u d k , f yg;wnf;tm;jzifhwpfukd,fwnf; wkdYMum;ü 0g'trsKd;rsKd;ay:ayguf
tjyeftvSef od&q dS ufo, G Ef idk Mf u awmfwkdif tMuHtpnfawmftm; xJokdY AwdåZHudk cHMu\/ igwkdY&Sd vsuf &Sdonf/ AwdåZHcH&mü a,½I
onf/ jzifh jyifqifaomtdrfaxmifjzpf orQonf wpf p d w f w pf 0 d n mOf c&pf\emrüom AwdåZHcH&rnf/
om;awmf u d k ,H k M unf
]]om;awmf onf/ okdYNyD;rS om;orD;&wemudk xJ o k d Y v nf ; aomuf M u\}} crnf;awmf? om;awmf? oefY&Sif;

page 1
aom0dnmOfawmf\emrü r[kwf
[kqMdk uonf/tcsKUd uvnf; aemif
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wpfurÇmvH;k &Sv d rl sm;twGuf aus;
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D k qkMd uonf/ xko d v
aom0g'rsm;aemufoYdk ygroGm;rdzYdk
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rSm uREkfyfwkdYwpfOD;csif;pDu c&pf
awmfEiS q hf idk jf yvD m;[k rdru d ,
ppfaq;í pyfqidk af Mumif; aocsm
aezkdY vdkygonf/ EIwfuywfawmf
u om;awmfudk ,HkMunfvQif t
jypfp&D ifjcif; rcH&[k *wdawmf&ydS g
onf/ ppfreS af om,HMk unfoo
c&pfawmf\ud, k cf E¨mawmfEiS fh pyf
qkdifoljzpfygonf/ ,HkMunfolrSef
vQif 0dnmOfawmfu tjyifü r
xm;yg/ cE¨mawmfxo J Ydk oGwo
ygonf/ tcsKUd aom,HMk unforl sm;
u jrifEkdifonfha'oEå&toif;
awmfwpfyg;yg;ü trnfpm&if;ryg
aomfvnf;? rjrifEkdifaom pMu
0Vm toif;awmfü yg0ifMuonf/
uREkfyfwkdYonf c&pfawmf\ukd,f
ESifh pyfqidk Mf uzk&Yd ef arwåmaus;Zl;
udk trSDjyKckdvHI&efrSwpfyg; tjcm;
r&Syd g/ c&pfawmf\ ud, k Ef iS phf yfqidk f
aomolwkdif;onf udk,fawmfESifh
rdwfo[m,zJGU&aomtcGifh &SdMu
ygonf/ tcsKUd aomolrsm;u c&pf
,meftdrfaxmifudk xlMuonf[k
qkad omfvnf;? c&pfawmfEiS hf rqkid f
Muyg/
bk & m;ocif o nf ig
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wkdYtm; xm0&toufukd ay;
awmf r l í xk d t ouf o nf v nf ;
om;awmf ü yg\/ om;awmf u k d
&aomolonf toufudk&\/
bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk r&
aomol r l u m; touf u d k r &}}
(1a,m? 5;11-12)/
om;awmfurkd &ao; aom
olonf tjcm;olrsm; touf&zkdY
&ef rulnED idk yf g/ toufukd &xm;
aomolurl tjcm;aomolrsm;
touf&Ekdifrnfhvrf;udk nTefjyul
Ydk rTJ mS ; nD ay;Ekid o
f nf/ xm0&toufukd
&xm;aomol o nf touf r &
ao;aomolrsm;twGuf pdwyf yl ef
ay;Muonf/ taMumif;rSmtouf
dk rf rd d r&ao;aomol\vrf;qH;k u ysuf
pD;jcif;jzpfaMumif; touf&xm;
olu od&Sdaeí jzpfonf/
l nf
f iG ;f
tvif;udk vTwfMuzkdY&ef
avmuMuD ; xJ ü bk & m;
ocifxHrS touf\tvif;udk &
xm;olrsm;pGm &SdMuygonf/ xkdol
rsm;tm; tvif;udk vTwfMuzkdY&ef
udk,fawmfu rdefYawmfrlygonf/
tvif;udk vTwfyg[kqkdMu&mwGif
omoemjyKq&m vTwfzkdY? a&'D,kd
tm;jzifh EIwuf ywfpum;udk vTwf
zk?Yd a0pmtm;jzifh or®mw&m;pum;
udk vTwfvkdufMuzkdY&efom tm;
xkwfwwfMuonf/ xkduJhokdYvkyf
aqmifjcif;onfvnf; rrSm;yg/
okdYaomf? ta&;BuD;onfrSm tdrf
axmiftwGif;rS yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;
pD \ touf w mtm;jzif h bk & m;
ocif\tvif;oufaoudk vTwf
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awmftwkid ;f touf&iS yf gu teD;
qHk;vlu xkdoufaoudk jrifNyD;?
c&pfawmfxHokdY ajymif;vJvmrnf
jzpfonf/ wpfOD;csif;pDu tvif;
vif;jyD;rS tdrfaxmiftaeESifh t
vif;udk vif;MuzkdY jzpfygonf/ t
csKUd aomtdraf xmifrsm;udk Munfyh g
u wpfO;D ESiw fh pfO;D arwåmtm;jzifh
qufqHMuonf/ xkdtdrfaxmifü
bk&m;ocif\tvif;udk awGYMu
&onf/ tdraf xmifü vifEiS rhf ,m;
tvif;udk vTwfjyD;aemuf? om;
orD;rsm;u EIwfuywfawmft
wkdif; touf&SifMuonfhtcg rd
om;pkü bk&m;ocif\ tvif;udk
awGYMu&onf/ yxrwpfOD;csif;
pDu tvif;udk vTwfMuzkdY jzpfjyD;?
aemufqHk;rdom;pk\tvif;u t
vif;qHk;jzpfygonf/ xkdrdom;pkt
vif;udk tdrfteD;tem;ygwf0ef;
usifrS vlrsm;u awGYjyD; bk&m;
ocif\ arwåmudk cHpm;Muonf/
taMumif ; rl u m;? ap
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wempdwfonf toifh&SdvQif r
wwfEkdifaomtrIudk raxmuf
bJ?wwfEkdifaomtrIudkaxmuf
í ESpfoufawmfrlbG,fjzpf\}}
(2aum? 8;13)/
tdfrfaxmifrsm;ü vkdtyf
onfrmS apwempdwjf zpfonf/ ap
wempdwx f m;u toif&h adS ezkYd vkd
ygonf/ xkdokdYtoifY&SdaeNyD; rsuf
pdudk zGifhí tm½HkpkdufaezkdY vkdyg
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rIudk rjyKbJ? wwfEkdifaomtrIudk
arwåmESirfh pzk&Yd ef ESv;kH om;udk jyif
qifxm;ygu? yg0ifp&mtrIudk
bk&m;ocifu jrifaprnf jzpfyg
onf/ xko d aYdk o;i,faomtrI? rdrd
wwfEkdifaomtrIjzifh tpjyKyg0if
jcif;tm;jzihf wkd;yGm;aomaumif;
Mu;D r*Fvmudk bk&m;ocifu jyefí
cHpm;aprnfjzpfonf/ ,aeY xkd
oufaotm;jzihf? bk&m;ocif\
<u,f0aomaumif;MuD;udk cHpm;
ae&aomolrsm;pGm&Sad eMuygonf/
bk&m;ocifonf uReyfk w f tYdk ouf
wmü pdkufonfhtwkdif;jyefí &dwf
aprnf jzpfygonf/ tcsKUd aomol
rsm;u rdrw d &m; ra[mwwfyg[k
qkdMuonf/ uRekfyfwkdY w&m;a[m
wwfzkdY rvkdyg/ uRekfyfwkdYrodaom
t&mudk tvJaG [majymonfxuf
pdwEf v
S ;kH ygvsuf wwfEidk o f rQ rp
yg0ifjcif;trIudk bk&m;&Sifu om
í ESpo f ufygonf/ uREyfk w f o
Ydk nf
bk&m;ocifESpfoufaomtrIudk
odjyD; vkyfaqmifMuzkdY vkdygonf/
&Sdonfht&mxJrS
apwempdwfESihfay;yg
vlü aumif;raumif;udk
odwwfaomoabm&Sad eygonf/
xkod abmu vlonfaumif;aom
trIudk jyKoifhonfudk odygvsuf
ESifh vkyfEdkifrnf? jyKEkdifrnfrxif
yg[k qif a jcay;wwf y gonf /
aumif;raumif;oduRrf;&m tod
page 2
w&m;udk uREyfk w f u Ydk tm;pku d x f w k f
í z,fzkdY vkdygonf/ xkdokdY rz,f
ygu aumif;raumif; oduRrf;&m
todw&m;u uRekfyfwkdYtouf
wmü OD;pm;,loGm;rnfjzpfonf/
a,½Ionf arQmfMunfh
]]a,½I
ívltpkta0;taygif;wkdYonf
txH a wmf o k d Y vmMuonf u d k
jrifawmfrlvQif? zdvdyÜKtm; þ
olwkdYpm;p&mrkefYudk tb,frSm
0,f r nf e nf ; [k a r;awmf r l \ }}
(a,m? 6;5)/
,aeY uREyfk w f t Ydk a,muf
wkid ;f tm;vnf; teDtem;&Sd vlwYdk
\ vdktyfcsufudk tb,fokdY ay;
rnfenf;[k ar;vsu&f ydS gonf/ xkd
olrsm;\vkt d yfcsuu f kd ay;zkYd ud, k f
awmftvkdawmf &Sdygonf/ t
aMumif;rlum; uREkfyfwkdYonf ay;
oD;udk pdkufNyD; rsm;pGmyGm;vmMuzkdY
udk,fawmftvdkawmf &Sdygonf/
udk,fawmf\tar;udk zdvdyÜKu
]]þolwkdYonf rkefYwpf
zJ h p D u d k aph i atmif a'em&d t
jym;ESpf&m tbkd;xkdufaomrkefY
ravmufyg}}[k jyefí avQmufyg
onf/ ud, k af wmfonf rnfox
rS a'em&dtjym; ESp&f mrawmif;yg/
a'em&dtjym;ESpf&m &SdvQifyif vl
taygif;pm;í tqmajy½HkrQom
&SdayvdrfYrnf/ xkdtcsdefü vli,f
av;wpfO;D xHrS rkeiYf g;vH;k ESihf ig;ESpf
aumifudk&í udk,fawmfxH tyfESH
Mu&m vltaygif;pm;í 0Mu½HkrQr
u ydv k Qo H nfuakd wG&Y onf/ ,aeY
vltrsm;u bk&m;&Siv f ufwiG f r
tyfbJ rdrdoabmESifh rdrday;zkdY?
bk&m;udk q,fzw Ydk pfzaYdk y;vku d v f Qif
bmjyef&rvJ ponfjzifh? aumif;
raumif;oduRr;f &mOmPfukd tajc
jyKí wGufcsuftouf&SifaeMu
onf/ rdrdwkdYtwåpdwfu touf
wmudk pd;k rk;d xm;onf/ EIwu f ywf
awmfu apwempdwo f nf toifh
&SdvQif[k azmfjyxm;ygonf/ vl
i,fav;u rdrdü&Sdaomt&mudk
ay;zkdY toifh&Sd½HkrQru apwem
pdwfvnf;&SdNyD;? udk,fawmfvufodkY
tyfvu dk o
f nft h cg vlMu;D ta&t
wGuf ig;axmifrQru pm;í0onf
omru ydkvQHonfudk awGY&onf/
,aeY toif;awmfonfvnf; xkd
enf;wlyifjzpfonf/ tcsKdUu t
oif;awmfü ,aeYtxd awmif;í
rNy;D Muyg/ tcsKUd u vdrNf y;D awmif;
l üH aeMuonf/ r&ygu rausreyf
a&&Gwfí jyefoGm;wwfMuonf/
vdrí f awmif;Ny;D &oGm;yguvnf;
wpfoufwmvHk; vdrfí rNyD;Ekdif
Mu/ vdrí f &Muyguvnf; r*Fvm
r&SdMu/ toufwmü vdrfp&m t
oD;rsm;om qufí oD;Murnfjzpf
onf/ tcsKdUvlrsm;u rdrdü&Sdonfh
t&mu ray;vkMd u/ tjcm;olrsm;
\ray;onft h &mudok m jrifwwf
Muonf/ ,aeY c&pf,meftdrf
axmifppfjzpfygu c&pfawmf\
ukd,fxJü &Sdaeyg onf/ xkdrQru
xkdolü c&pfawmf\oabmawmf?
oabm0awmfvnf; &Sad eygonf/
uREkfyfwkdYü ay;csifaompdwfudk t
oifhjyifxm;zkdYom vkdygonf/ xkd
pdwo f abm&Syd gu ay;Ekid af omt
cGiu
hf kd ud,
k af wmfuay;rnf jzpfyg
onf/ ,aeY avmuBu;D ü arwåm
oabmu&Sm;yg;aeygonf/arwåm
pdwef nf;ygu ay;p&m&Srd nfr[kwf
yg/ arwåmyGm;rSomvQif ay;p&m
rsm; vmrnfjzpfonf/ ,aeY tdrf
axmif&Sifrsm; ay;MunhfMuyg/ xkd
okdY ay;Muygu pdkufonfhtwkdif;
&dwMf u&rnfjzpfygonf/
þtrI t &mü tjcm;
]]þtrI
aom ol w k d Y o nf csrf ; om&í
oif w k d Y o nf qif ; &J a pjcif ; iS m
igtMuH & S d o nf r [k w f } }
(2aum? 8;13)/
wrefawmfMuD;&Sifaygvk
u uReyfk w f tYdk m;ay;zkUd &ef Ed;I aqmf
wku d w f eG ;f onfrmS uREyfk w f qYdk if;&J
apzk&Yd ef jyKaponfr[kwyf g/ uREyfk f
wko
Yd nf tjcm;ae&mrS ta<u;ESihf
,lí ray;MuygESi/fh ta<u;ESihf ,l
í ay;Muygu ay;omay;onf/
xdkrsKd;u ay;oD;r[kwf? ,loD;om
jzpfygonf/ ay;vSLjcif;onf t
a<u;ESifh ray; rvSL&yg/ rdrdü &Sd
onfht&mxJrS wwfEkdiforQay;
vSLzko Yd m jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\
<u,f0jcif;ESifhqkdifaomtkwfjrpf
u ay;urf;jcif; jzpfonf/ tjrifh
qHk;aombk&m;ocif\ om;orD;
rsm;jzpfMuaom uREkfyfwkdY,HkMunf
olrsm;\toufwmü qif;&Jae
p&mtaMumif; r&Syd g/ bk&m;ocif
\tvkad wmfu <u,f0zkjYd zpfonf/
,HMk unfoo l m;orD;rsm;onf pdwf
csr;f ompGm &S, d rkH Qru vdtk yforQ
jynfhpHkí bk&m;bkef;awmfaqmif
aeMuzkdY bk&m;ociftvkdawmf&Sd
ygonf/ xkdokdYbk&m; bkef;xif&Sm;
jcif;onf tvif;vif;aejcif; jzpf
onf/ ocifa,½Iudk,fawmfwkdif
u uREkfyfwkdYwpfOD;pDonf aumif;
aomtusifhwkdYü usifvnfí t
vif;udk vif;apMuzkdY&ef rdefYawmf
rlygonf/ ,HkMunfolwpfOD;csif;pD
tvif;udk vif;aeMuzkdYjzpfovkd?
ZeD;armifESH? tdrfaxmifrdom;pkt
vkud vf nf; vif;aeMuzkv Yd ydk gonf/
xkdodkY rdom;pktvkduf tvif;udk
vif;Mujcif;tm;jzih?f ywf0ef;usiüf
bk&m;ocif\bkef;awmf xif&Sm;
vm½HkrQru avmuDu@üvnf;
<u,f0aomtoufwmudk tdrf
axmifrdom;pkwkdif; cHpm;EkdifMuzkdY
&ef arwåmESifh þrQESifYtoday;
a0iSvu dk &f ygonf/
emrawmfjrwfü
nDtpfuBkd u;D DrawifarmifxeG ;f
page 3
 tdrfaxmifwpfck\ tp
onf bk&m;ociftm;jzifjh zpfonf/
bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\o@mef
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aemuf ]]ol o nf wpf a ,muf
wnf; raeaumif;}} olYtwGuf
taxmuftrudk jyifqifay;rnf
[k MuHpnfawmfrlygonf/ (urÇm
2;18) xdktcsdefü bk&m;ocif zef
qif;aom vltm'Hu rdrüd tazmf
vkrd eS ;f ukyd if owdrxm;rdyg/ owd
jyKEkdifzkdY&ef bk&m;ocifonf zef
qif;NyD;aom wd&pämefpHkwJGwkdYudk
tm'Ha&SUarSmufrS jzwfoef;apyg
onf/ xdktcg tm'Honf rdrda&SU
ü jzwfoef;vmaom wd&pämef pHw k GJ
rsm;udk trnfemrrSnfhac:ay;yg
onf/ txD;trpHw k wGJ u
Ykd kd jrifjcif;
tm;jzif?Y rdrüd vnf; tazmfvt dk yf
aeygovm;¿[k owdjyKrzd &Ydk ef jzpf
aomfvnf; tm'Honf owdrxm;
rdao;yg/ okdYjzpfí bk&m;ocif
onf tm'Hudk BuD;aomtdyfjcif;
jzihf tdyfapygonf/ ,aeY uREfkyf
wktYd oufwmüvnf;? bk&m;ocif
onf rdrt d oufwm\vdt k yfcsuf
udk odapzk&Yd ef jzwfoef;jrifawGaY p
aomt&mrsm;pGm jyKwwfygonf/
bk&m;ocifonf rnfonft h cgrQ
vlom;wdkYtay: twif;tMuyf
rjyKcJhyg/ bk&m;ocifonf vl
a,musfm;\ eH½kd;wpfacsmif;tm;
jzif?h vlred ;f rudk zefqif;í vl&&dS m
okdY aqmifcJhawmfrlygonf/ vl
onf rdrdtwGuf bk&m;ocifjyif
qifay;aom xdkrdef;rudk jrifvQif
0rf;yef;womESifh ]]þolonf igh
t½k;d xJu t½k;d ightom;xJu t
om; jzpf\}} [k qku d m vlred ;f r[k
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cspfjcif;arwåmawmfudk uREkfyfwkdY
em;vnf&ovk?d vluvnf; bk&m;
ocif jyifay;jcif;udk vufcHo
abmwlaMumif; em;vnf&ygonf/
NyD;aemuf? bk&m;ocifonf vl
a,musmf ;ESihf vlred ;f rudk vufxyf
pHzk ufapygonf/(u?2;21-25) þ
trIt&mrsm;udq k ifjcifygu bk&m;
ocifonf tdrfaxmifudk arwåm
awmftm;jzif?h þodjYk yifqifprD aH y;
NyD;aMumif; em;vnf&ygonf/
bk&m;ociftvdak wmfEi
S hf
nDaom tdrfaxmifa&;
tdrfaxmifESihfywfoufí
bk&m;ocifonf wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;
xdo
k ahkd rwåmudt
k jyef tvSef vuf
cHí tdraf xmifa&;udk tpjyKaygif;
zufapaomfvnf;? ,aeY vlwu Ydk
tay:,HomMunfhNyD;? oabmus
½HEk iS Yf ,lMuonf/ tcsKUd tdraf xmif
rSm oH;k vomcHonf/ tcsKUd u wpf
ESpfom cHMuonf/ xdktdrfaxmif
zufjcif;ud]]obm0td
k]]obm0tdrfaxmif}}
[kac:qkv d ykd gonf/ taMumif;rSm?
vlYobm0& tcsif;csif;awGYjrif
onft h ay:MuKd ujf y;D ?acwåoabm
us aygif;zufonfhtdrfaxmifa&;
jzpfaeMuonf/ xkdtdrfaxmifu
vlwkdY\tay:,HtjriftawG;xJ
ü ESpo f ufoabmuspzkH ufMujcif;
rQomjzpfí bk&m;rygaom tdrf
axmifjzpfonf/aemuftrd af xmif
zufjcif;wpfckuawmY? ]]vl r I a&;
td r f a xmif}}vdkYac:qdkvdkygonf/
rdbaqGrsK;d rsm;u ay;pm;aphpyfí
aygif;zufonft h rd af xmifjzpfonf/
xko d aYdk ompHzk ufapjcif;onfvnf;
bk&m;ocif\ tvkad wmfukd &SmNy;D
rS jyKMuonfr[kwyf g/ wpfa,muf
ESifh wpfa,mufvnf; arwåmudk
tajcxm;í cspMf uonfr[kwyf g/
xko d aYdk omtdraf xmifxal xmifae
Mujcif;onf]]vlrIa&;tdrfaxmif}}
jzpfayonf/ ,aeY urÇmü xkdokdY
aomtdrfaxmifrsm;twGuf Mum;
0if aphpyfay;aomvkyif ef;aqmif
&Guaf y;olrsm;pGm &SMd uygonf/ xkd
vkyif ef;u 0ifaiGrsm;pGm &Muonf
udk awGjY rif&onf/ bk&m;ocif\
tvkdawmfuobm0tdrfaxmif
r[k w f / vl r I a &;td r f a xmif
vnf;r[kwfyg/ c&pf,meftdrf
axmifjzpf&ygrnf/ xkcd &pf,mef
tdraf xmifqo kd nfrmS bk&m;ocif
\tvdkawmfESifhnDaom xrf;ydk;
wifjcif; tdrfaxmifjzpfygonf/
um,uH&SifESpfOD;u bk&m;ocif
\tvkad wmfEiS n hf aD om pHzk ufjcif;
udk OD;wnfvm&rnf/ xkdodkYaom
jzpf&yfu bk&m;ocif\tvdak wmf
ESifhnDaom tdrfaxmifzufjcif;
rnfygonf/ xkdokdY bk&m;ocif\
tvdak wmfEiS aYf vQmn f pD mG tdraf xmif
zufMu&mwGifyif jyóemESifh t
cuftcJrS uif;vGwMf urnfr[kwf
yg/ cufcJaomtajctaersm;udk
tdrfaxmifü awGYMuHKMu&rnf/ xkd
okdY jzpfwwfonfudk bk&m;ocif
u odawmfro l jzif?Y þokrYd ed aYf wmf
rlygonf/
]]wpfa,mufüwpfa,muf
tjypf w if p &mtcG i f h & S d v Qif t
csif ; csif ; onf ; cH í tjypf u d k
vT w f M uavmh / c&pf a wmf o nf
oifwkdY\tjypfudk vTwfawmfrl
ouJ h o k d Y ? xk d e nf ; wl j yKMuavmh } }
(aum? 3;13)/
tdraf xmifwpfcük a,musmf ;
onf rdef;rü tjypfwifp&m&Sm
aevQif rsm;pGm&Sdrnf jzpfonf/
page 4
xked nf;wl rde;f rjzpfoo l nfvnf;?
a,musmf ;ü tjypf&mS aeygu rsm;
pGmawGYrnfjzpfonf/ vlrSefvQif
tm;enf;csuf ud, k pf &D ydS gonf/ t
jypfESifhuif;aomolwpfa,mufrQ
r&Sdyg/ vlYobm0ü xkdokdY tjypf
wifp&m tajctaeESifh tcGifhu
trSeyf if tpOf &Sad eygonf/ xdo
qkyd gu ,HMk unforl sm;onf bk&m;
ocif\tvkad wmfEiS t hf nD rnfuhJ
okdY touf&SifMurnfenf;¿/ ,Hk
MunfolrSefvQif wpfa,mufESifh
wpfa,muf tjypfwifp&m&Sdygu
tcsi;f csi;f onf;cHí cGiv hf wT Mf uzkYd
bk&m;&Sifawmfjrwfu tvkdawmf
&Syd gonf/ vlo Y bm0ü tcsi;f csi;f
tjypfwifp&mrsm;udk tjyeftvSef
tjypfwifaeMuygu yifyef;aom
toufwm cHpm;rnfjzpfonf/
,HMk unfow l \ Ydk toufwmürl xdk
odaYk om vlo Y bm0udk ausmo f mG ;í
tcsif;csif;tjypfudk vTwfMuonfh
tcg rdrdESvHk;om;ü 0rf;ajrmuf
jcif;ESifh jidrfoufjcif;u ae&m,l
vmygrnf/ tdraf xmifwpfcük vif
jzpfap? r,m;jzpfap? wpfO;D u rSm;
rdygu rSeaf omolu cGiv hf w T Ef idk zf Ydk
vk d t yf y gonf / rS m ;aomol u
vnf; rdrt d rSm;udk 0efcí H ajyvnf
rIukd t&,lyg/ xko d t Ydk ouf&iS Mf u
ygu tdrfaxmif[lonf tvGef
om,mvmNyD;? wpfjcm;t&yfa'
orsm;xuf aysmf&Tifauseyfp&m
aumif;onfhaetdrf jzpfvmay
rnf/
tcsif;csif;
tjypfvTwfMu&mwGif
,HkMunfolrsm;onf rdrd
wdkY tcsif;csif;tjypfvTwfMu&mü
b,fEpS Bf urd v
f w
T &f rnfenf;[k &Sif
ayw½ku ocifa,&Itm; ar;yg
onf/
]]xk d t cg ayw&k o nf
csOf ; uyf í ocif n D t pf u d k o nf
tuREkfyfudkjypfrSm;í tuRekfyf
onf ol \ tjypf u d k b,f E S p f
Mud r f vT w f & ygtH h e nf ; / ck E S p f
Mudrfajrmufatmif vTwf&ygtHh
k Ydk avm[kar;avQmufaomf?a,&I
ckESpfMudrfajrmufatmif vTwf&
rnf igrqkd/ tMudrfckESpfq,f
ck E S p f v D a jrmuf a tmif vT w f &
rnf igqk d \ }}
(r? 18;21-22)/
uREkfyfwkdYonf rdwfaqG
wpfOD;\trSm;udk cGifhvTwf&mü
wpfBudrf&SdjyD? ESpfMudrf&SdjyD[kqkdjyD;rS
av;Mudrfajrmufa&mufonfhtcg
,ckqdkvQif oifhtjypfudk vTwfcJh
wm av;Murd &f NdS y[ D q
k ydk gu ,cif
tMurd rf sm;ukyd g a&wGux f m;onfh
twGuf olYtjypfudk vTwf&m r
a&mufyg/ ,cifu oltjypfrsm;udk
rSwxf m;jcif;om jzpfonf/ tjypf
vTwfonf[kqkd&mwGif? olYtjypf
udk vHk;0rSwfrxm;bJ arhypfjcif;
jzpfonf/ &Sifayw½ku nDtpfudk
jzpfol wpfa,mufjypfrmS ;aomt
cg ckEpS Mf urd af jrmufatmif vTw&f
rnfavm¿ [k ar;avQmufvQif
ocifa,½Iu ckESpfBudrfajrmuf
atmif vGw&f rnf[k igrqk/d ckEpS f
q,fckESpfvDajrmufatmif vTwf
&rnf[k rdefYawmfrlygonf/ qkdvkd
onfrmS tMurd rf nfrQjzpfygap cGihf
vTwfzkdY&ef rdeYfawmfrljcif; jzpfyg
onf/ xkdokdYtMudrfMudrf cGifhvTwf
EkdifMuzkdY&ef bk&m;om;awmfu
uREyfk wf u Ydk kd b,favmuf^b,fvdk
cGivhf w
T af Mumif; qifjcifMuzkv Yd ydk g
onf/ ud, k af wmfu uReyfk w f t Ydk m;
rnfot Ydk jypfvw T yf goenf;¿ocif
a,½I rdefYawmfrlonfrSm rif;MuD;
wpfO;D onf rdru d Rerf sm;udk pm&if;
,l&mü aiGtcGufwpfodef;? a<u;
wifaom uRew f pfa,mufukd a&SU
awmfodkY ac:aqmifvmMuonf/
xkdolonf a<u;qyf&ef r&Sdaom
aMumifh rdrud , kd rf pS í om;?r,m;?
Opöm&Sod rQuakd &mif;í ta<u;&So d rsm;jzpfonf/ xkad rwåmudk &&Scd pH m;
rQ qyfap[k pD&ifjcif;cHc&hJ ygonf/
odkYjzpfí nTwfjyyf0yfwGm;vsuf
]]ocif? uReaf wmfukd onf;cHawmf
rlyg/ a<u;&So d rQukd qyfygrnf}} [k
avQmufvQif ol\ocifonf o
em;jcif;pdwf&SdojzifY?]]a<u;&S d o rQ
vTwfap}}[k csrf;omay;onfudk
awG&Y ygonf/ þtaMumif;udk t
ajcjyKí ocif a ,½I c &pf a wmf
onf uREkfyfwkdYtjypfom;rsm;ukd
rnfrQciG v
hf wT cf yhJ goenf;¿/ uREyfk f
wkdYtjypfom; jzpfaejcif;udkvnf;
aumif;? cH&rnf'h gPfp&D ifjcif;rS4if;
vGwu f if;apygonf/ xdak ,½Ic&pf
udk ,HkMunfvufcHjcif;tm;jzihf?
tjypfom;b0u aeaomf4if;?
tjypfp&D ifjcif;'gPfjzpfonfih &Jr;D
tkdifuaeaomf4if; vGwfajrmuf
apcJyh gonf/ xkjYd yif? bk&m;om;jzpf
jcif;tcGifhudkyg ay;xm;onfYt
wGuf tyg,fvm;p&mrvkad wmhyg/
xkdt&monf aus;Zl;awmfouf
ouftm;jzihf? uREkfyfwkdY cGifhvTwf
jcif;cHpm;&jcif; jzpfonf/ uREyfk wf Ydk
tay:ü bk&m;ocifu þrQcspf
í uREkfyfwkdYudk olYarwåmtm;jzifY?
cGifYvGwfjcif; qkaus;Zl;r*Fvmukd
cHpm;apygonf/ xkdcGifhvTwfjcif;
arwåmu avmuü rnfolurQr
ay;EkdifaomMuD;rm;vSonfhbk&m;
ocif\aus;Zl;jyKrjI zpfygonf/ þ
tcsufudk tpOfESvHk;oGif;xm;Mu
ygrS tcsif;csif; tm;enf;csufukd
cGifhvTwfEkdifMurnf jzpfygonf/
a&SUawmfarSmufü
rSwfom;vsuf&Sd
uREkfyfwkdYta,mufwkdif;
onf bk&m;ocifxHrS þokdYaom
MuD;jrwfonfh cGifhvTwfjcif;aus;
Zl;udk twlwuG cHpm;xm;Mu&ol
jy;D aomolwidk ;f u tcsi;f csi;f wk\ Yd
tjypfukd vTwzf &Ydk ef rdeaYf wmfrjl cif;
jzpfygonf/ uREyfk w f o
Ydk nf ta<u;
wpfodef;ESifh pD&ifcsufudk cGifhvTwf
jcif;cH&olESifh wlygonf/ (r? 18;
28)wGif ta<u;wpfoed ;f cGiv hf wT f
jcif;cH&olonf rdrdxHü a'em&d
wpf&m ta<u;wifaomtjcm;ol
wpfa,mufudkawGYvQif vnfyif;
udu k idk n f ]]ighaiGudkqyfavm}h }
f p§ í
[kqkdygonf/ xkdtcg ta<u;,l
page 5
olu a<u;&Sif\acs&if;ü jyyf0yf ]]igonf pd w f E S v H k ; xJ ü ouf&SifrSmvJqdkwm a&G;cs,fMuzkdY ]]oifwkdYonfvnf;? nD
vsuf uReaf wmfuo kd nf;cHyg/ a<u; 'k p &k d u f u d k iJ h u G u f v Qif bk & m; jzpfonf/ ,aeY ajrMu;D ay:ü ZeD;? tpf u d k t csif ; csif ; wk d Y u d k pd w f
&SdorQqyfygrnf[k awmif;yef &S i f o nf em;axmif a wmf r rl } } cifyGef;? om;orD;? rdwfaqG\t ES v H k ; ygvsuf t jypf r vT w f v Qif ?
aomfvnf;? a<u;&Sifonf em;r (qm? 66;18)/ jypfukd rvGwEf idk yf gu? aumif;uif aumif ; uif b H k ü &S d a wmf r l a om
axmifbJoGm;í a<u;udk rqyfrSD uREfkyfwkdYtoufwmü t bHküvnf; oif\tjypfudk rvTwf ig\tbonf xkdenf;wl oif
wkid af tmif axmifxüJ avSmifxm; jypfcGifYvTwfwwfonfh ESvHk;om; yg/ toufpmapmifü u,fwif wk d Y u d k p D & if a wmf r l v wH å } }
ygonf/ þwGif a<u;wpfoed ;f cGihf r&Syd gu? bk&m;&Sio f nf qkawmif; jcif;okYd a&mufaomolw\ Ydk trnf (r? 18;35)/
vTwfjcif;cH&olu ,ck aiGa<u; oHukd em;anmif;rnfr[kwyf g/ xkYd emrrsm;udkom a&;rSwfom;onf uReyfk w f o Ydk nf bk&m;&Sijf yK
wpf&mudk tb,faMumifh cGifhr tjyif? ocifa,&Iu wynfah wmf r[kwfyg/ ajrMuD;ay:ü uREkfyfwkdY apvko d nft h wkid ;f tcsi;f csi;f \t
vGwEf idk yf goenf;¿/ xko d o l nf rdrd rsm;tm; oGefoif&mwGif jyKorQtukef rSww f rf;wifxm;yg jypfukd rvTwb f aJ eygu? xko d Ydk t
tm; ta<u;&SdorQudk vTwfap[k usKd;enf; tEkwfcH&rnfomjzpfyg
ajymqkad om ola|;Mu;D \pum;t onf/ wpfa,mufEiS w hf pfa,muf
ay:ü ,HkMunfpdwfcsjcif; r&Sdí tjypfvTwfjcif;onf tdrfaxmif
jzpfonf/ cspaf omnDtpfuakd rmif om,mzkdY? tdrfaxmifwnfwefYzkdY
ESrtaygif;wkdY uREkfyfwkdYtcsif; jzpfonf/
csi;f wpfa,mufEiS w hf pfa,muft ]]oifwkdYonf olwpfyg;
jypfwifp&m&Sdjcif;onf ta<u; wkdY\tjypfudkvTwfvQifaumif;
wpf&mwifjcif;ESifh wlygonf/ xkd uifbHkü &Sdawmfrlaom oifwkdY
ta<u;av;udk tcsif;csif;rvTwf tbonf oif w k d Y \ tjypf u d k
Ekid jf cif;rSm uReyfk w f t Ydk ay:ü bk&m; vT w f a wmf r l r nf } }
ocifay;aom tjypfciG v hf wT jf cif; (r? 6;14)/
ESifh pD&ifjcif;rS uif;vGwfapjcif; xkaYd Mumif?h ,aeY uREyfk w f Ydk
udk ,HkMunfpdwfcsrIr&SdMuí jzpf ]]olwpfyg;onftuREkfyf onf/ uREkfyfwkdY\ ay;vSLorQ? wpfOD;pD\ touf&SifrIonf t
onf/ vifESifhr,m; wpfa,muf wk d Y u d k jypf r S m ;aomtjypf r sm; udk,fawmftwGuf tbdk;tcay; EIwfvu©Pmjyaom toufwm
ESiw fh pfa,mufcspí f vufxyfMu udktuRekfyfwkdYonf vTwfouJh ítouf&iS o f rQonfxrkd w S wf rf; ESifh uif;a0;MuzkYd vkyd gonf/ MuKd ;
jcif;jzpfaomfvnf;? bmrQr[kwf ok d Y tuREk f y f w k d Y \ tjypf r sm;ud k ü yg0ifygonf/ pm;usifhorQ yg0ifjyKrlorQ\t
aom trIt&mav;jzih?f tjypfjrif vT w f a wmf r l y g}}[k qkawmif;zkdY ]]xm0&bk&m;udkaMumuf usKd;udk tjynfYt0cHpm;zdkY tcsif;
jyD; cGifhrvTwfEkdifMujcif;udk ,aeY vrf;nTefcJhygonf/ (r? 6;12) &G H U í emrawmf u d k atmuf a rh csi;f cGiv Yf w G Mf uzkYd vkyd gonf/ ,aeY
qifjcifMuyg/ xko d jYdkzpfaeygu rnf wzef? ocifa,½Iu (r? 16; 19) aomol w k d Y t bk d Y a&S U awmf w G i f ,HMk unfot l rd af xmifonfwidk ;f u
okdYrQ tdrfaxmifa&; rom,mEkdif wGif pm&if ; ü rS w f o m;vsuf & S d \ }} bk&m;ocif\tvkdawmfudk emcH
yg/ tdraf xmifom,mvkyd gu vif ]]aumif;uifEkdifiH awmf (rmvcd? 3;16)/ touf&iS v f mygu? a&SUawmfwiG f
ESirhf ,m;? om;orD;ESirhf b d tMum; \aomhwkdYudkvnf; igay;rnf/ uReyfk w f o
Ydk nf ajrBu;D ay: pm&if;rSwfom;orQqkv'frsm;udk
tcsif;csif; tjypfwifp&mtcsuf oifonf ajrMuD;ay:rSm csnf ü &Spd Of vif? r,m;? om;orD;wk\ Yd wrvGefrSm tjynfYt0&&SdNyD;? þ
tvufrsm;udk ,aeY? bk&m;ocif aESmiforQonf aumif;uifbHk tm;enfcsut f jypfudk rvTwyf gu? avmutoufwmüvnf;? 0rf;
\cGiv Yf wG jf cif; arwåmw&m;awmf ü csnf a ES m if v suf & S d v d r f h r nf / aumif;uifbHkü pkrdorQ aumif; ajrmufjcif;ESifhjidrfoufjcif;onf
ukd owd&qifjcifí tjyeftvSef ajrBuD;ay:rSmajzvTwforQonf aomt&mxJrS jyefvnftEIwf rdr\ d tdraf xmifwiG f ae&m,lvm
cG i f h v G w f M uyg/ bk & m;ocif u aumif;uifbHküjznfvTwfvsuf vu© P m jyygrnf / opf o m;? onf Y r *F v mud k cH p m;&rnf j zpf
uREyfk w f uYdk kd tcsi;f csi;f tjypfvw T f &Sdvdrfhrnf}}[k rdefYawmfrlygonf/ aumuf½kd;ESifY jrufyifrsm;omjzpf aMumif; arwåmESifh today;a0iS
zkdY&ef owday;aeygvsuf cGifhr qkdvdkonfrSm? tcsif;csif;tjypf í avmifuRrf;ayrnf/ ravmif vku d yf gonf/
vGwfEkdifbJ&Sdaeygu uREkfyfwkdYom csnfaESmifraeMuyJ? cGifhvTwfMuzkdY uRrf;Ekdifonfha&T? aiGESifY ausmuf
qH;k &H;I &rnfjzpfonf/ bmawGb,f jzpfonf/ ,aeY? uREkfyfwkdY wpf aumif;jzpfzdkY udk,fawmfu tvkd emrawmfjrwfü
vkdqHk;&HI;epfemrnfenf;¿/ a,mufpDu qufjyD; b,fvdkt awmf&o dS nf/ (1aum? 3;12-15)/ nDtpfudkOD;uyfcefYckyf

page 6
 w,fwifjcif;&Ny;D onfh ,Hk
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aomaus;Zl;awmfudk tav;u½k
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oifrIYatmufü bk&m;ociftvdk
awmfESihftnD emcHHtouf&Sifae
aomol&Sdovkd? cHpm;&aomaus;
Zl;awmfukd tvJt G oH;k jyKjy;D rdrid &J
oGm;p&mrvdkawmhonfudk odo
jzihf rdrdZmwdtvdkus avmuMuD;
xJJwGif aysmfaysmfMuD; touf&Sif
oGm;Muolrsm;vnf; &SdMuygonf/
aus;Zl;awmfudk cHpm;&jyD;aemuf
usef&Sdonfh avmutoufwmü
Zmwdoabmtwkid ;f touf&iS o f l
ESifh0dnmOfawmftvdkt& touf
&SifolwkdY\toufwmü cHpm;&
onfh tusK;d &v'fonfrsm;pGm jcm;
em;vSygonf/
bk&m;&Siftwlyg&SdvQif
(urÇm?12)avmw ESit hf m
jA[H toufwmudk qifjcifygu
avmwonfoef&Y iS ;f olajzmifrh wf
ol[k usr;f pmurSww f rf;wifxm;
aomaMumifb h &k m;om;jzpfaMumif;
em;vnf&onf/ xkaYd Mumifh bk&m;
ocifu avmwtm; ysufpD;jcif;
ab;rS u,fwifcyhJ gonf/ odaYk omf
avmwonf Zmwdudk OD;pm;ay;
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f mNy;D
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aMumifh olwkdYESpfOD;pvHk;ü odk;EGm;
rsm;ESifh<u,f0vmonf/ xkdtcg
tmjA[HEiS ahf vmwwk\ Yd od;k ausmif;
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page 7
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wonf toufwmü Zmwdudk OD;
pm;ay;jy;D &Sicf o hJ jzifh rdrod ruf(2)
OD;wkdYtm; toufab;rS vGwf&ef
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jyD; rdrdtvkdqE´udkom OD;pm;ay;
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tb jzpfMuonf/ 0wfjyK&musrf;
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u Zmwdqefqef touf&SifcJhrI
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wdt&mtwGufom pOf;pm;um
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y,fí 0dnmOft&mudk OD;pm;ay;zdYk
ta&;Bu;D ygonf/EIwu f ywfawmf
page 8
ü uwdawmftwdkif; &aomom;
ESi?hf uGserf \om;ESpOf ;D pvH;k tarG
rcHEikd af Mumif; azmfjyxm;ygonf/
uGsefr\om;rSm £&SarvjzpfjyD;
uwdawmftm;jzifh&aomom;rSm
£Zufjzpfygonf/ tarGcH&rnfh
olrmS wpfO;D wnf;jzpfaomaMumifh
uGserf ESio hf \l om;udk armif;xkwf
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u uGsEkfyfwdkY\ Zmwdyuwd pdwf
oabmudk um;wdkifü ½dkufxm;
vdkufjyD;jzpfí uGsekfyfwdkYonf Zmwd today;a0iSvdkuf&ygonf/
udk jiif;y,fz,f&mS ;jy;D 0dnmOfawmf
\tkyfpdk;rIatmufwGif touf&Sif emrawmfjrwfü
ygu tmjAH[H\toufwmuJYodkY nDtpfudkOD;xefusifhvef
aumif;csD;r*Fvm xyfíxyfí cH
pm;&rnfjzpfaMumif; arwåmESifh

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u,f vlom;rsm;twGuv f nf; t
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pmudk qifjcifygu vlpY w
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onf pdwf0dnmOftm;jzifh xm0& jzpfvmapzdkY&ef jzpfonf/ bk&m;o ywf0ef;usifü uGsEkfyfwdkY ,HkMunf
bk&m;&SifESifh xdawGYvmap&ef yg cif\om;orD;jzpfvmonft h cg xkd olwpfOD;\ aumif;aomtouf
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wnfaomtusdK;tjrwftwGuf uifEdkifiHawmfodkY 0ifcGifh &&SdoGm; jcif;onf aumif;yg\/ odkYaomf
tcsdefay;touf&Sifjcif;rnfay aomoljzpfonf/ xdkolonf avm avmuom;wpfOD;onf ,HkMunf
onf/ uDEdkifiHom;b0rS aumif;uifEdkifiH ol\aumif;aomtusifh? xl;jcm;
om;tjzpfodkY ul;ajymif;oGm;aom aom touf&SifrIudk od,HkrQjzifh
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(róJ 28;19? rmuk 16; xm0&wnfaomtrIjzpfí,HMk unf tcGifhta&;udk &SmNyD; ocifc&pf
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w&m;udk a[majymNyD; wynfh awmf&ydS gonf/ tcsKd Uaomolrsm;u odkY tcGifhtvrf;&EdkifzdkY&efvnf;

page 9
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page 10
twGuf bk&m;ocif jyifqifxm;
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ty usefaomt&mrsm;udk &vkd
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udk,fwkdifvkyfaqmifNyD;rS auseyf
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19)wGif vlonf ajrtoD;udk wpf
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onfhtwGuf tcsKdUc&pf,mefrsm;
u aoG;aqmifrüI ygoGm;Muonf/
page 11
,aeY ausmif;om;rsm; pmrBuKd ;pm;
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uefaom atmifjrifrIr[kwf? xkd
odaYk omenf;jzifh atmifjrifvpdk w d f
c&pf,mefrsm;wGif r&SdoifhMuyg/
(2&m? 24;1-25) 'g0d'o f nf £o
a&vvlwkdYudk a&wGufrdaomtrI
aMumifh bk&m;ocif\trsux f uG f
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ay;ygonf/ odkYaomf 'g0d'fonf
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jyNy;D acR;enf;pmrygaomaiGaMu;
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aomenf;jzifh &aomaiGESifh trI
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vkyfief; aqmif&GufvkdMuonf/
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aomaiG? rdrv d yk t
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aqmifaomq&mu rjrifaomf
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xkdufaom ykvJudk awGYaomtcg
oGm;í rdrdü&SdonfhOpöm&SdorQudk
page 12
a&mif;NyD; tzkd;tcay;í ykvJudk
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page 13
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page 15
 rmwdum Page

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-Systematic Theology -Decoration
-Flower Arrangement -Action Songs
-Worship
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