Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
:)
Gemini
Summary
Conference
i * * * e* •»
'.V.V.V.%
Slides
I * ** • ***
> * * » * • • •
Unclas
00/99 17983
. • -.,3
M A N N E D SPACECRAFT CENTER
HOUSTON, TEXAS
February 1967
REVIEW AND SUMMARIZATION OF RENDEZVOUS OPERATIONS
By Wyendell B. Evans
NASA-S-66-11882
RENDEZVOUS TECHNIQUES
• OPTICAL RE-RENDEZVOUS
NASA-S-66-12057
MISSION SUMMARY
GEMINI TYPE
MISSION RENDEZVOUS
TY A • TU-IIPn OJD
KRbIlT
l -
M —o
LA.-M InlKUV —o
• OPTICAL RE-RENDEZVOUS
• RE-RENDEZVOUSiFROM A!iOVE
X -
• P O I I P T H {"1PRIT- - /V\
kA— —A4
• OPTICAL DUAL
VT M —i
Al • l KDO
rEl CT1 O D R I1T -
vJKBI —1
• STABLE ORBIT
"7TI THIPHOPRIT M—o
A II • —O
NASA-S-66-12079
GEMINI YI-A
CANDIDATE MISSIONS
• TANGENTIAL
• COELLIPTICAL
• FIRST APOGEE
NASA-S-66-11774
TARGET VEHICLE
ROTATION
NASA-S-66-11780
RELATIVE MOTION
TARGET-CENTERED COORDINATE SYSTEM
VERT -+X
DISPLACE-
(B) LOWER ELLIPTICAL MENT
ORBIT
+Y
(C) HIGHER CIRCULAR
ORBIT -X
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT
GEMINI YI-.A, WT AND X
TERMINAL PHASE RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml ^ , 05:36
0
BELOW
•33.6° CORRECTION
8
81.8° CORRECTION
12
16
0 8 16 24 32 40
AHEAD^KBEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-11762
GEMINI YI-A,Ym AND X
RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml /_TPF. 05:36
0
12
16
0 6 12 18 24 30
AHEADH^BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-11773
GEMINI EX-A ANDSI
RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml ^-TPF 04:00
0
N
BELOW
20
40
NCC
60
80
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
AHEAD-4-BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NA§A-'S-6"&il2054
GEMINI XI
TERMINAL PHASE RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml
0
v
BELOW - TPF, 01:14:52
TPI
90 SEC BEFORE APOGEE
12
0 4 8 12 16
AHEAD^BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-11765
GEMINI 23
RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml
20
-TPF, 01:14:52
ABOVE
0 -TPI
BELOW
20
40
60
80
0 40 80 120 160 200
AHEADH-BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-12050 GEMINI EK-A
RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
OPTICAL RE-RENDEZVOUS
•DARKNESS
ABOVE 2 -
BELOW 2 I-
0 2
AHEAD^BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
ABOVE
BELOW
16 14 12 10 8 6 4202
AHEADH^BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-11976
- • - GEMINI XI
VERTICAL STABLE ORBIT RE-RENDEZVOUS
DISPLACE-
MENT, N Ml
0
34° CORRECTION
1:04:40
10
0 10 15 20 25
AHEAD •*+*• BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-11779
LAUNCH-SITE
LATITUDE
DIRECTION OF ROTATION
ORBIT TRAVEL
OF T A R G E T —
NASA-S-66-11781
WEDGE
ANGLE
TARGET
VEHICLE
ORBIT
PLANE
NASA-S-66-11969
YI-A +.20°
VTTT -.21
TX-A -.50
X -.077
XL -.131
xn -.16
NASA-S-66-11883
NASA-S-66-11776
PRIMARY RENDEVOUS
LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS
AFTER TPI (TARGET PRIOR TO AND AT
LIGHTS VISIBLE) TPI (TARGET VISIBLE
IN REFLECTED
SUNLIGHT)
FIRST
CORRECTION
STARS
SUN
SECOND
CORRECTION
STARS
T-TARGET VEHICLE
S-SPACECRAFT
DOCKING
NASA- S-66-11775
PASSIVE RENDEZVOUS
LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS
DESIRED SUN
SUN DIRECTION DIRECTION AT SUN D | R E C TION
TPI
EARLY TPI LATE TPI
X
T A R G E T ORBIT
SPACECRAFT ORBIT
LINE-OF-SIGHT
TARGET VEHICLE
SPACECRAFT
NASA-S-66-11861
NASA-S-66-12056
PRIMARY RENDEZVOUS
VERNIER CORRECTION SOLUTIONS
YI-A 11 7 1 2 50 26
WT 15 9 1 0 50 26
IX-A 1 3 2 3 50 26
X 20 23 2 3 50 26
XI 6 2 0 2 22 12
xn 2 5 2 3 50 26
NASA-S-66-12080
CONCLUSIONS
By Edward L. Pavelka
NASA-S-66-11748
GEMINI YI-A
RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml
INSERTION
ABOVE 00:06:08
BELOW
NASA-S-66-12075
GEMINI IX-A
RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml
0
NCI
DARKNESS
NASA-S-66-11751
BELOW 6 -
32 24 16 8 0 8 16
AHEAD • . I • BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml x 102
NASA-S-66-11750
GEMINI XI
RELATIVE TRAJECTORY
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml
20 01:02
-TPF
ABOVE
0
BELOW
20 -00:32 SC INSERT
00:06:40-
40
60
80
0 40 80 120 160 200
AHEAD-^BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-11987
GEMINI XI
STABLE ORBIT RE-RENDEZVOUS
o
-VISUAL BRAKING INTERCEPT MVR
1:13:10 0:00
VERTICAL
DISPLACE-
MENT,
N Ml '
-34 CORRECTION
1:04:40
10
0 10 15 20 25
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-12076
RENDEZVOUS MIDCOURSE
PHASE SUMMARY
, 1 17 i cr\ i o 7 ,. 1 9
VIII \ \f — IOU Ty./ 1 ./
OO
T7 A
JJL-A 19A
I/O — 1V3
I/J 19
—I./ ./
•••• 1 i/u
f)f\
- 1 i4 1t\ O
-/.Z O
o.y
~VT - O f\ i i i r\ o
Al oU — 44 TU.o
YTT 11 * 1A7 +^ 0 i .^
ONBOARD OPERATIONS FOR RENDEZVOUS
By Edwin E. Aldrin
NASA-S-66-12045
VERTICAL
DISPLACEMENT,
N Ml
-TPF, 05:36:28
NASA-S-66-11905
20
40
IVAR
60
80
1000 800 600 400 200 0
BEHINDH
TRAILING DISTANCE/N Ml
NASA-S-66-11909
ABOVE
BELOW
TPI
DISPERSED HIGH
ALTITUDE 20
DIFFERENTIAL, NOMINAL
N Ml 30
DISPERSED LOW
10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
AHEAD -4* BEHIND
TRAILING DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
NASA-S-66-11876
TARGET
TIME
on AFTER TPh
MIN
15 BACKUP
VERNIER DATA TIME,MIN
.THRUST D C B A 60 55 50
, ALIGN ///,,,, • • • • I 1 1
4 IMU 7 il I I I l I I I I I
RADAR
VERNIER SAMPLES
THRUST
TPI
-PUSHSTARTCOMP
THRUST
AV DISPLAY
NASA-S-66-11878
TPI PROCEDURES
BORESIGHT ON TARGET
MONITOR 6, R, R EVERY MINUTE
WHEN 0*21.4°, RECORD D A T A FOR POINT B
ON TPI CHART
PUSH S T A R T COMP BUTTON AFTER NEXT
D A T A POINT
RECORD D A T A AT POINT D
ENTER TPI CHART, C A L C U L A T E A R , A V N /
AND TPI TIME
C O M P A R E AR AND AV N WITH CLOSED LOOP
AND MSFN
NASA-S-66-11986
BACKUP DATA
TARGET
AR= RACT]
RACT] RACT
4 ' = (9, TYPE T R A J )
.R REQ
R, R FROM R A D A R
e-0
NASA-S-66-11879
FAILURE MODES
FWD/AFT UP/DWN
FAILURE
AV SOURCE A'V SOURCE
CLOSED-LOOP CLOSED-LOOP
NONE GUIDANCE GUIDANCE
SEXTANT
IMU MDU R, R NOMINAL 0 / S T A R S A 0
NASA-S-66-11911
SUN LOS
TPI-10MIN
LOS AT
CIRCULARIZATION
-20MIN
HORIZ
LOS HORIZ
LOS
SUN
LOS TPI
LOS AT TPI
NASA-S-66-11912
CONCLUSIONS
RENDEZVOUS EXERCISES HIGHLY SUCCESSFUL
CREW PARTICIPATED EXTENSIVELY
• DIRECTED GUIDANCE SYSTEM OPERATION
• DETECTED AND IDENTIFIED MALFUNCTIONS
• TOOK CORRECTIVE ACTION
MONITORING AND BACKUP DATA REQUIRED
• RANGE, R A N G E RATE
• SPACECRAFT ATTITUDE A N G L E S
• VISUAL AND R A D A R TARGET TRACKING
By Homer W. Dotts
NASA-S-66-11858
DOCKING CONCEPTS .
COLLISION COURSE / NONCOLLISION COURSE
TRAPEZE HOOK
TEXAS LASSO
NASA-S-66-11731
DOCKING ADAPTER
RIGIDIZED
DOCKED
DOCKING CONE
AGENA STATUS
DIPQLE DISPLAY
ANTENNA INDICATORS
DOCKING
SPIRAL CONE
ANTENNA
ACQUISITION
LIGHT
DAMPERS
SPIRAL
ANTENNA
NASA-S-66-11732
ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
TWO DEGREES OF FREEDOM
Xi=0 X 9 =0
•H
BEFORE IMPACT
X2l
ENERGY
RATIO
3 4 5 8
MASS RATIO,
NASA-S-66-12059
TYPICAL RESPONSE
STABILIZATION SYSTEMS OFF
DISTANCE, FORCE, DEC/
IN. LB INITIAL CONDITIONS: SEC
26 1000 HOR VEL = 1.5 FT/SEC -, 5
VERT VEL = 0.5 FT/SEC
20 800 '/ ^ -
15 600
10 400
5 200
0
0 .2 .4 .6 .8 1.0 1.2 1.4
TIME, SEC
NASA-S-66-12060
TYPICAL RESPONSE
STABILIZATION SYSTEMS ON
DEG
DISTANCE, FORCE, I M I T I A I r^Kinm^Kic /
IM
IN ID
LB INITIAL CONDITIONS: ccr
SEC
HOR VEL = 1.5 FT/SEC
26 1000 .VERT VEL = 0.5 FT/SEC 5
20 800 4
15 600 3
10 400
5 200
0
0 .2 .4 .6 .8 1.0 1.2 1.4
TIME, SEC
NASA.S-66-11761
MANEUVERING
LOADS
QUALIFICATION
TEST
NASA-S-66-11733
GAIN
MARGIN, 8
dB MINIMUM DESIRABLE GAIN MARGIN
//////^/////////////^^^^^^
STANDARD CONTROL
SYSTEM **-'
NASA-S-66-11760
MOORED
CONFIGURATION
GROUND
VIBRATION
TEST
••
UU<~MIN<^ '
ADAPTER r
»s»* • V!
NASA-S-66-11824
SPRING-
FREQUENCY, DAMPING RATIO, COUPLING
TEST
PERCENT COEFF,
CPS
PERCENT
3
GROUND 3.3 3 TO 6
(AMBIENT TEMPERATURE)
4.5 TO 6.5
INFLIGHT 4.0 3 TO 6
(TEMPERATURE UNKNOWN)
NASA-S-66-11981
GEMINI
MODE USE
GATV
GYRO COMPASS PRECISE HEADING MA NEUVER
NASA-S-66-12078
T Y P I C A L ATTITUDE RESPONSE
DURING FIRING
10
8
ATTITUDE 6
ERROR (me), CENTER OF GRAVITY
DEG 4 . OFFSET = 0.5 DEG-
0 5 10 15 20 25
FIRING TIME, SEC
NASA-S-66-11728
PLANE
CHANGE 4:29 3 110.0 109.8 164/154
RAISE
40:30 25 920.0 919.6 741/156
APOGEE
LOWER
43:53 22.5 920.0 919.47 164/154
APOGEE
NASA-S-66-12058
CONCLUSIONS
By David D. Lang
NASA-S-66-11789
NASA-S-66-11989
GEMINI-AGENA SPUN-Ur
TETHER EXERCISE
NASA-S-66-11735
WITH DAMPING
WITHOUT DAMPING
400
. i\ •'« •• i
30 '. :;.'!!k'A
ii ii t
TETHER TENSION, °
200
100
0 50 100 150
TIME, SEC
NASA-S-66-11737
llOr
105
DISTANCE
BETWEEN 100
TETHER
ATTACHMENT
POINTS, FT 95
90
^r
i 1
0 50 100 150
TIME, SEC
NASA-S-66-12077
RESTORING TORQUE
1 UNIT OF MASS
CENTER OF EARTH
NASA-S-66-11736
DEC \NT *
jf\\\
/^\0
40 -
\<j!SW!m
- /' "\ / \
/ \ / \ ^\\
&
20 _ / \ ' \
/ \
X
t
£C^\ Jl^
v —"7/
\^^/
\ 1
START
VEL ERROR = .015 FT/SEC
-20 \ / VEL ERROR=.060
\ ^' VEL ERROR = .150
-40;
^ U— 1 ORBIT
i i ii i
1 i
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
TIME, SEC
NASA.S-66-11734
ft
NASA-S-66-11738
GEMINI
GRAVITY GRADIENT TETHER EXERCISE
STARTING PROCEDURE CHART
.30
HALF AMPLITUDE fl/2 MIN 1MIN
OF RESULTANT
.25 DEGREES OF NO CAPTURE / CAPTURE
MOTION LIMIT
AFTER 15 MIN
AV ERROR .20
FROM
PERFECT .15
START,
FT/SEC
.10
.05
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
DEGREES OF AGENA DRIFT IN RETICLE
NASA-S-66-11990
By Harold J. MeMann
NASA-S-66-11993
GEMINI EVA
LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM ELEMENTS
• SPACE SUIT
• PORTABLE ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTROL SYSTEM
• UMBILICAL
NASA-S-66-11992
UNMANNED TESTS
• VIBRATION, A C C E L E R A T I O N , RAPID DECOM-
PRESSION, RFI, HUMIDITY, O X Y G E N
COMPATIBILITY, STRUCTURAL
MANNED TESTS
• THERMAL PERFORMANCE IN SIMULATED SPACE
ENVIRONMENT WITH INDUCED WORKLOAD
• END-TO-END SYSTEMS TESTS WITH
S P A C E C R A F T AND CREW
NASA-S-66-11870
GEMINI
G-4C EVA SPACE SUIT
NECKDAM
STOWAGE
PARACHUTE
HARNESS
HANKERCHIEF
AND PENCIL
STOWAGE
PRESS. INDICATOR
SURVIVAL KNIFE
STOWAGE
SCISSORS
STOWAGE
NASAS66II798
GEMINI 12 AND YET EVA SPACE SUIT
MANUAL
EMERGENCY
02
-COMMUNI -
CATIONS AND
BIOINSTRU-
MENTATION
CONNECTOR
SUIT
DEMAND TETHER
REGULATOR
OXYGEN CABIN
BOTTLE REPRESSUR-
^SHUTOFF IZATION
I—, VALVE VALVE
[RPRESSURE
REGULATOR
SPACECRAFT
OXYGEN
TANK
NASA-S-66-11984
GEMINI VJH THROUGH XTJ
LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM
CHESTPACK
CHESTPACK RESTRAINT
STRAPS
TETHER
UMBILICAL
NASA S-66 11985
PRESSURE REGULATOR •
BACKPACK
HOSE 02
DISCONNECTS S&ECTOR LINE
VALVE
WATER
SUPPLY
—"U
SUIT OUT HEAT
EXCHANGER
MANUAL
EMERGENCY
O 2 VALVE
-COMMUNI -
CATIONS AND
BIOINSTRU-
MENTATION
CONNECTOR
SUIT
DEMAND TETHER
REGULATOR
OXYGEN CABIN
BOTTLE REPRESSUR-
SHUTOFF IZATION
VALVE VALVE
SPACECRAFT
PRESSURE OXYGEN
REGULATOR TANK
NASA-S-66-11793
No UMB
UMB
ELECT.
CONNECTOR
NASA-S-66-11794
ELECT. HARNESS
SECTION A-A
BODY POSITIONING AND RESTRAINTS
By Eugene A. Cernan
NASA-S-66-11853
GEMINI K-A
ADAPTER
PROVISION
FOR EVA
NASA-S.66-11831
AMU DONNING
WITH FOOT
RESTRAINTS
NASA-S-66-11866
GEMINI XI AND XH
EVA FOOT RESTRAINTS
NASA-S-66-11977
EQUIPMENT ADAPTER
HANDRAIL
AUTOMATICALLY
DEPLOYED
NASA-S-66-11853
GEMINI IX-A
ADAPTER
PROVISION
FOR EVA
NASA-S-66-11848
HANDRAIL ON AGENA
LEFT SIDE
NASA-S-66-11849
HANDRAIL ON AGENA
RIGHT SIDE
NASA-S-66-11832
GEMINI XO
TELESCOPING
HANDRAIL
NASA-S-66-11820
NASA-S-66-11797
NASA-S-66-11819
WAIST TETHERS
NASA-S-66-11852
GEMINI ZD
EVA ADAPTER WORK STATION
NASA-S-66-11885
GEMINI
ADAPTER PROVISIONS FOR EVA
CROSSBAR
JETTISONED
PRIOR TO EVA
NASA-S-66-11855
GEMINI XU
AGENA EVA PROVISIONS
ATTACH RIN<
N A S A - S - 6 6 11817
PIP-PIN DEVICE
NASA-S-66-11850
VELCRO PANEL
GEMINI XE
EVA RESTRAINT
PROVISIONS
NASA-S-66-11867
GEMINI XE
AGENA EVA PROVISIONS ON DOCKING CONE
STANDUP TETHER
NASA-S-66-11799
STRAP ON
SUIT LEG
NASA-S-66-12089
SUMMARY
NASA-S-66-11972
CONCLUSIONS
By Harold I. Johnson
NASA-S-66-11699
GEMINI W
HAND-HELD MANEUVERING UNIT
NASA-S-66-11692
CUTAWAY OF HHMU
©
NASA-S-66-11712
GEMINI Yffl
HAND-HELD
MANEUVERING
SYSTEM
NASA-S-66-11711
GEMINI X
HAND-HELD MANEUVERING UNIT
NASA-S-66-11703
GEMINI X
FIFTY-FOOT DUAL UMBILICAL
ELSS AND HHMU
NASA-S-66-11701
GEMINI EX
ASTRONAUT
MANEUVERING
UNIT
NASA-S-66-U706
NASA-S-66-11705
INERTIA
COUPLING
TRAINING-AID
MODEL
GIMBAL
SUSPENSION
SYSTEM
NASA-S-66-11704
CLASSIC
POSTURE
EXHIBITED BY
GEMINI IY
ASTRONAUT
N A S A - S - 6 6 -11994
CONCLUSIONS
NASA-S-66-11917
GEMINI EV
UMBILICAL EVA
HEART RATE,
190
— HEART R A T E
RESPIRATION RATE r
^CLOSING
HATCH
30 - 130
RESPIRA-
TION
RATE, 20 - 110
BREATHS/
MIN 10 - 90
0 - 70
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
NASA-S-66-11999
NASA-S-66-12090
GEMINI IX-A
UMBILICAL EVA
CHK AMU VISOR REPTD FOGGED
RETURN CABIN
MOVETO INGRESS
ADAPTER
LEAVE I HATCH
ADAPTER
HEART
RATE,
BEATS/
MIN
50 DATA
RESPIRATION LOSS
30
RATE,
BREATHS/
MIN 10
- 80
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
NASA.S-66-11996
GEMINI X
UMBILICAL EVA
S010 EXP RETRIEVED
180 -r EGRESS
S012 EXP
fr
r EVA TERMINATED
r
HATCH
HEART
160 r RETRIEVED
PLT TRAN-
SLATES TO
CLOSED
40
RESPIRATION 30
RATE, 20
BREATHS 10
/MIN
0
10 20 30 40 50
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
NASA-S-66-11842
GEMINI XI
UMBILICAL EVA
130
RESPIRA- 40 110
TION
RATE 2 0 90
BREATHS
/MIN 0 70
10 20 30 40 50 60
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
NASA-S-66-66-11997
240 r
200 HEART RATE
HEART RATE, 16
° BLOOD
PRESSURE
BLOOD PRESSURE, 120
RESPIRATION RATE 80
PULSE
PRESSURE
RESPIRATION RATI
WORK RATE,
WATTS
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
PILOT
NASA-S.66-11998
AND
W
80 CO 2 OUTPUT
LITERS/MIN, LITERS/MIN,
STPD
40
STPD EXPIRED
0 AIR
W O R K RATE, 2 00
WATTS
100
24 6 8 10 12 14 16
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
PILOT
NASA-S-66-11916
GEMINI IX-A-Xn
PREFLIGHT ERGOMETRY
200
''JTs
180
160
HEART
RATE 140
120 n G-X
100
80
500 1500 2500 3500 4500
BTU/HR
NASA-S-66-12091
SLEEPING 72 280
TENNIS 378 1500
BASEBALL (PITCHING) 390 1550
SOCCER 490 1980
BASKETBALL 684 2720
WRESTLING 780 3100
WALKING
1 MILE IN 30 MINUTES 170 670
1 MILE IN 17 MINUTES 290 1150
RUNNING
1 MILE IN 10.5 MINUTES 720 2880
1 MILE IN 8.5 MINUTES 870 3480
NASA-S-66-12049
NASA-S-66-12066
GEMINI 2U
UMBILICAL EVA
OPEN
HATCH-i
MOVE TO TDA
ATTACH
r REST
MOVE TO r MOVE TO TDA
GATV TETHER -ADAPTER
EVALUATE
TDA WORK
STATION
MESSAGES FOOT rEVALUATION
FOR HOUSTON
160 r RESTRAINTS RETURN TO
ADAPTER
WORK STATION rCOCKPIT
INGRESS
EVALUATION
100 PREFLIGHT
80 EXERCISE
HEART
RATE, 60
BEATS/
MIN
100 FIRST
INFLIGHT
80
EXERCISE
60
0=00 =30 1=00 =30 2:00 =30 3:00
ELAPSED TIME, MINMSEC
NASA-S-66 11914
HEART 100
THIRD
RATE,
INFLIGHT
BEATS/ 80
EXERCISE
MIN
60
100 FOURTH
80 INFLIGHT
EXERCISE
60
0:00 :30 1:00 =30 2:QO =30 3=00
ELAPSED TIME, MIN:SEC
NASA-S-66-12046
SUMMARY
MANS EFFICIENCY
WORK LOAD
TRAINING
INSTRUMENTATION
NO MEDICAL CONTRAINDICATIONS
NASA-S-66-12040 GEMINI
EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITIES
SUMMARY OF GEMINI EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY (EVA)
By Reginald M. Machell
NASA-S-66- 12062
NASA-S-66-11970
GEMINI X
EVA SYSTEM
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 12052
NASA-S-66-12061
S010
MICROMETEORITE
EXPERIMENT
PACKAGE
RECOVERED FROM
GEMINI SHI AGENA
BY GEMINI X
EVA PILOT
NASA-S-66-11885
GEMINI
ADAPTER PROVISIONS FOR EVA
CROSSBAR
JETTISONED
PRIOR TO EVA
NASA-S-66-11852
GEMINI XH
EVA ADAPTER WORK STATION
NASA-S-66-11854
GEMINI XH
AGENA EVA WORK STATION
NASA-S-66-11856
NASA-S-66-12044
By Peter W. Higgins
NASA-S 66-11756
EARTH 10C
RADII
NASA-S 66-11757
PROTON DISTRIBUTION IN THE EARTH'S FIELD
1.2 3xl0 BEFORE SEPT. 23, 1963
OMNIDIRECTIONAL FLUX
1.0 (PROTRONS/CM2/SEC)
.8 ENERGY >34 MeV
.6
.4
EARTH' 2
RADII 0
.2
.4
.6
.8
1.0
1.2
NASA-S-66-11752
EQUATOR mi
SOUTH ATLANTIC
NASA-S-66-11755
V A R I A T I O N IN R A D I A T I O N DOSE
IN THE SOUTH A T L A N T I C A N O M A L Y
CIRCULAR ORBIT 160 N Ml
.05
.04
RADIATION .03
DOSE,
RAD .02
.01
0
DECAYED DOSE/REV TO 5-15-66
UNDECAYED DOSE/REV
NASA-S-66-11758 GEMINI X
VARIATION IN RADIATION DOSE
IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC ANOMALY
ORBIT 160 BY 400 N Ml
10.0
8.0
6.0
RADIATION
DOSE, 4.0
RAD
NASA-S-66-11754
1000 c
ORBIT 27
PROTON ORBIT 28
(1.65X103)- (2.6xl O5)
FLUX
PARTICLES/ TOO ORBIT 26
CM 2 /SEC (1.4/xlO4)
10
160 120 80 40 0 40 80 120 160
LONGITUDE, DEC
NASA-S-66-11830
GEMINI
RADIATION
MONITORING
SYSTEM
3 INCHES
NASA-S-66-11953
NASA-S-66-11753 GEMINI X
COMPARISON OF THE GEMINI RADIATION
MONITORING SYSTEM AND THE CALCULATION MODEL
- UNDECAYED DOSE
10'
ELECTRON DOSE
DECAYED TO
7/17/66
DOSE,
RAD DECAYED DOSE
10°
-GEMINI RADIATION
MEASURING SYSTEM
READINGS
RADIATION DOSE
I I i I I I
10"
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
TIME AFTER INITIATION OF HIGH-
ALTITUDE MANEUVER, HR
NASA-S-66-11833
NASA-S-66-12088
CALCULATED MEASURED
GEMINI AUG 1964 DECAYED PASSIVE GEMINI RADIATION
MISSION ESTIMATE, ESTIMATE, DOSIMETER, MONITORING
RAD RAD RAD SYSTEM, RAD
IX-Aa 0.30 0.090 0.018 NOT APPLICABLE
NASA-S-66-11978
CONCLUSIONS
By David M. Box
NASA-S-66-12092
DISPERSION EFFECTS
1 SEC CHANGE IN
RETROFIRE TIME 4 N Ml FOOTPRINT SHIFT
NASA-S-66-11743
ON T R A C K
REENTRY
FLIGHT PATH
RANGE EXT
FLY TO LEFT
NO
RANGE
EXT
h-54 N Ml
15 DEG/SEC
STEADY ROLL
FOREFFECTIVE
ZERO LIFT
NASA-S-66-11744
BASED ON
FULL LIFT
REENTRY
100 r
80
FOOTPRINT 60
PERCENT
REMAINING,
OF
PERCENT 40
FOOTPRINT
REMAINING
20
0
21 23 25 27 29 31 33
TIME FROM RETROFIRE, MIN
NASA-S-66-11813
FULL LIFT
TRAJECTORY
ALTITUDE
ZERO LIFT
TRAJECTORY
TARGET
RANGE CAPABILITY
NASA-S-66-11814
•PRESENT POSITION
OF SPACECRAFT
TARGET
RC
BC = f
RN - RP,
NASA-S-66-11815
ZERO LIFT
TRAJECTORY
TARGET
RANGE
MANEUVER
CAPABILITY
NASA-S-66-12097
90
60°
HALF LIFT POINT-
RN-RP
BC = f AR
NASA-S-66-11746
0\J
NOF*TH
; PLA NN ED
20
EF TA RGB:T —
n- ^s vn" 7
A
IMPACT
DISTANCE
10
/
^Y
iiLJf *»
xn- >\ K
FROM
ri\ \j iv\
TARGET, VTT-
N Ml 10 K-A
vm y^ XI
^
20
SOLJTH
^n
^
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10
WEST-HAST
IMPACT DISTANCE FROM TARGET, N Ml
NASA-S-66-12098
IY 47 — FOOTPRINT SHIFT,
INOPERATIVE COMPUTER
Y 97 474 INVALID POSITION UPDATE
YI-A 7 2.5 NO R A D A R BELOW
180,000 FT
YH 6.6 2.3 L/D REDUCTION
VTTT 1.4 — EMERGENCY REENTRY
IX-A 0.37 2.2
X 2.5 4.2
XI 2.5 4.0 AUTOMATIC REENTRY
xn 2.7 2.4 AUTOMATIC REENTRY
NASA-S-66-11979
CONCLUSIONS
NASA-S-66-11725
SCALE N Ml
HELICOPTERS MOVE DOWNRANGE
AS FLIGHT PROGRESSES
NASA-S-66.12003
o SHIP
A AIRCRAFT
@ SHIP AND AIR
NASA-S-66-12105
N A S - A ^ S 66-12001
GEMINI RECOVERY
NASA-S-66-11872
30
20
50
10 ^^^^_
3 6 9 12 3 6 9 12
MISSION MISSION
NASA-S-66-11873
NASA-S-66-12099
92
MILES 50 -
• NON-FORECAST REQUIREMENTS
• EVOLUTION
• IMPROVEMENTS
• PROBLEMS
NASA-S-66-12084
AF VEHICLE SUPPORT
AF SYSTEMS COMMAND
SPACE SYSTEMS DIVISION
LOS ANGELES
I
1
PROGRAM OFFICES 6555™
AEROSPACE AEROSPACE TEST WING
CORPORATION CAPE KENNEDY
NASA-S-66-12071
OFFLOADING OF AGENA
NASA-S-66-12072
ATLAS
ERECTION AT
COMPLEX 14
NASA-S-66-12081
WEIGHT,
IN 100 LB
INCREMENTS
•AVERAGE
SPACECRAFT WEIGHT
WEIGHT, IN
200 LB
INCREMENTS
NASA-S-66-12083
WEIGHT, IN
200 LB
INCREMENTS
• DESIGN
• SEA LEVEL TESTS
• ALTITUDE TESTS
MARCH 1966—SUCCESS
NASA-S-66-12086
CONCLUSIONS
• ANOREXIA
• NAUSEA
• DISORIENTATION
• SLEEPINESS
• SLEEPLESSNESS
• FATIGUE
• RESTLESSNESS
• EUPHORIA
NASA-S-66-12095
• DECREASED g TOLERANCE
• G.I. DISTURBANCE
• URINARY RETENTION
• DIURESIS
• MUSCULAR INCOORDINATION
• MUSCLE ATROPHY
• DEMORALIZATION OF BONES
NASA-S-66-12018
GEMINI G-A
EXERCISE CAPACITY TEST RESULTS
PART
I RECOVERY
240 TEST PERIOD-
200
HEART R A T E 160
AND
BLOOD PRESSURE 120
80
PRE POST
40 FIT FIT END OF TEST
HEART RATE
0
BLOOD PRESSURE
400
300
W O R K RATE, 2 00
WATTS
100
i i i I I L
24 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 2 4 6
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
NASA-S-66-12064
PREFLIGHT
POSTFLIGHT
400
300
WORK RATE, 2QO
WATTS
100
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
N A S A - S - 6 6 - 1 2067
DURATION
FLIGHT CREW LAUNCH DAYS HRSrMIN
m GRISSOM 3-23-65 4 : 52
YOUNG
LY MC DIVITT 6-3-65 4 0: 56
WHITE
Y COOPER 8-21-65 7 22:56
CONRAD
X YOUNG 7-18-66 2 22 : 46
COLLINS
XI CONRAD 9-12-66 2 23 : 17
GORDON
xn LOVELL 11-11-66 3 22 : 37
ALDRIN
NASA-S-66-11939
GEMINI YH
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS
PILOT
0
32 64 96 128 160 192
G.E.T., HRS
NASA-S-66-11942
GEMINI CARDIOVASCULAR
EVALUATION TECHNIQUES
NASA-S-66-11901
GEMINI
PEAK HEART RATES, BEATS/MIN
NASA-S-66-11932
145 BEGIN END
130 / \.-^'
HEART
RATE
90
PREFLIGHT
POSTFLIGHT
50
GEMINI
BLOOD no
T I LT PRESSURE 90
DATA 70
12
LEG 8
VOLUME
CC/100 CC
0 8 12 16 20 24
MINUTES
NASA-S-66-12104
NASA-S-66-11896
GEMINI YH PILOT
URINE SODIUM
ALDOSTERONE
SODIUM URINE SODIUM
mEq/24 MRS
200
ALDO-
STERONE
A*g/24 MRS
100 100
0
PREFLIGHT INFLIGHT POSTFLIGHT
NASA-S-66-11929
PROJECT GEMINI BIOCHEMISTRIES
GEMINI YEP
URINE POTASSIUM
100 r
mEq/24 HRS 50
0L
PREFLIGHT INFLIGHT POSTFLIGHT
NASA-S-66-11930
PROJECT GEMINI BIOCHEMISTRIES
GEMINI YnCP
URINE 17 - HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROIDS
12.5
10.0 - —
- - _ •••
7.5 -
—
mg/24 MRS
5.0 -
2.5 -
nn
PREFLIGHT INFLIGHT POSTFLIGHT
NASA-S-66-12065
-20 PILOT
CHANGE IN _16 BED REST
DENSITY OF SUBJECT
HAND -12
PHALANX G-YE
-8
5-2
-4
0
4 DAYS 8 DAYS 14 D A Y S
600 TO 700 300 1000
mg Co mg Co mg Co
NASA-S-66-12070
GEMINI
PROJECT GEMINI BIOCHEMISTRIES
BOUND PLASMA HYDROXYPROLINE
0.21
0.17
"M/ML
0.13
F-20
FLIGHT
NASA-S-66-12074
GEMINI LY
PROJECT GEMINI BIOCHEMISTRIES
BOUND PLASMA H Y D R O X Y P R O L I N E
0.21 P
CP
0.17
/iM/ML
0.13
1
0 F-10 * DAY R+0 R+2 R+4 R+6
FLIGHT
NASA-S-66-11933
MEAL A CALORIES
GRAPEFRUIT DRINK 83
CHICKEN AND GRAVY 92
BEEF SANDWICHES 268
APPLESAUCE 165
PEANUT CUBES 297
905
NASA-S-66-11943
GEMINI E
CALORIC INTAKE
2700 r
CALORIES
1 2 3 4
MISSION, DURATION, DAYS
NASA-S-66-12107
GEMINI Y
CALORIC INTAKE
2800
COOPER (1075) PROVIDED ON
BOARD (2755)
2400
CONRAD (915) METABOLIC R A T E FROM
CO2 OUTPUT (2010)
2000
CALORIES
1600
1200
800
400
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
MISSION DURATION, DAYS
NASA-S-66-12063
0
4 DAYS 8 DAYS 14 DAYS
600 TO 700 300 1000
mg Co mg Co mg Co
NASA-S-66-12069
NASA-66-12106 GEMINI YH
CALORIC INTAKE
2600
2300
2000
CALORIES
1700
1400
1100 nl
0 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
MISSION DURATION, D A Y S
HEART RATE,
BEATS/MIN
140 r
-GEMINI
120
100
-MERCURY
80
0 4 6 8 10
G.E.T.,MIN
SUMMARY OF GEMINI EXPERIMENTS PROGRAM
By Norman G. Foster
NASA.S-66-12108
SUMMARY
CHANGES DUE TO O P E R A T I O N S
NASA-S-66-11915
• SCIENTIFIC
• OSSA(S) 17 47
• TECHNOLOGICAL
• OART (T) 2 2
• OMSF (MSC) 10 -18
• DOD (D) 15 - 26
• MEDICAL
• MEDICAL (M) 8 18
TOTALS 52 111
NASA-S-66-12109
NASA-S-66-12110
N A S A - S -66-11959
NASA-S-66-U857
GEMINI LOOSE EQUIPMENT STOWAGE
N A S A - S - 6 6 -11845
NASA-S-66-11960
EXPERIMENT S003
NASA-66-11874
LOCATION OF RADIOMETRY
EXPERIMENT D004 AND D007 EQUIPMENT
OPTICAL SIGHT SPECTROMETER/INTERFEROMETER
STOWAGE (CRYOGENIC COOLED)-
OPTICAL ECS MODULE
SIGHT
OAMS
PANEL MODULE
CONTROLS
RECORDER ELEC
ELECTRONICS MODULE
BUFFER
AMPLIFIER
RECORDER FUEL CELL
REELS MODULE ELECTRICAL BOX
AND TELEMETRY
SPECTROMETER/INTERFEROMETER TRANSMITTER
NASA-S-66-11881
OPERATIONAL
MISSION
CONFIGURATION
NASA-S-66-11887
TT7
LV. - iI4U
/in •• . OO
ZZ •• IO
1A
.. OQQ AO
Zoo .. . 17
I/
YJ.-A —
\7T A AA
OO
10
1Z
jy/ • ••
TOO QA
OO OO
... ZZ
VIM —• on
yu .. ....01
Z \
1Y
iA-A A on
yu . - iIO
y ...01
/1
on
yu •• 07
o/
X3 on
yu . OA
Zo oo
... /y
VTT..., . 100 .. . 17 ...^n
T O T A L S 1377 299.5 22 AVG
NASA-S-66-11888
T\7 . 1A7 AT
LY_ • IO/
TT
JL "
9nA
zuo AQ
T7T A
V I-A
99
£.£.
, 9A
T7TT
V II •
oc
OJ
VIII ZO/ .
907 AQ
TV A 97 <: 1A
IA-A • Z/ O
70
/O
YT .. .. 951 1 51
xn uo
NASA-S-66-11889
NASA-S-66-11964
PROGRAM RESULTS
By Richard W. Underwood
NASA-S-66-12111
By Willis B. Foster
Jocelyn R. Gill
NASA.S.66-12028
NASA-S.66-12025
ARABIAN
PENINSULA
AND RED SEA
NASA-S-66-12029
GULF OF MEXICO
NASA-S-66-12030
INDIA
AND
CEYLON
NASA-S-66-12027
VISUAL
ACUITY
EXPERIMENT
GROUND
PATTERN AT
LAREDO,
TEXAS
NASA-S-66-12035
NASA-S-66-12026
STARFIELD SEEN IN
SPLIT-FIELD FILTER PHOTOGRAPHY
N A S A - S 66-11871
GEMINI XI
NASA-S-66-12036
NASA-S-66-12033
CANOPUS SPECTRA
EXPERIMENTS RESULTS SUMMARY
INFORMATION
DOD NASA
COORDINATION
I
MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT
DOD/NASA
EXPERIMENTS
PROGRAM
DOD EXPERIENCE EXPERIMENT
IN MANNED MANAGEMENT
SPACE FLIGHT EXPERIENCE
ESTABLISHED
ESTABLISHED ORGANIZATIONAL
DOD/NASA AND PERSONNEL
PROCEDURES TECHNICAL RELATIONSHIPS
RESULTS
NASA-S-66-11968
NASA-S-66-11966
GEMINI XL
EXPERIMENT D003
MASS DETERMINATION
A G E N A W E I G H T - LBS VARIATION
METHOD
REFERENCE EXPERIMENT
DATA DATA LBS /o
NASA-S-66-11924
GEMINI
SATELLITE TO SATELLITE MEASUREMENT
,-7
10'
SPECTRAL GEMINI YI-A
IRRADIANCE
HA/ WATT
CM'2/*'1 10-8
VOID
SPACE
-9
10
1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8
WAVELENGTH/ MICRONS
NASA-S-66-11965
GEMINI X
VEGA OCCULTATION
EXPERIMENT D005
STAR OCCULTATION NAVIGATION
5
4
3
PHOTOMETER
OUTPUT,
VOLTS
0
-1
10 20 30 40 50 60
ELAPSED TIME, SECONDS
NASA-S-66-11948
GEMINI E
DOSE RATE
SOUTH ATLANTIC ANOMALY PASS
REVOLUTION 7
150 N Ml
1000
PORTABLE DOSIMETER
•—FIXED DOSIMETER
100
DOSE RATE,
10
MILLIRAD/HR
1.0
I I J I
0.1
0 4 8 12 16
09:38 G.E.T. ELAPSED TIME, MIN
NASA-S-66-11947
GEMINI E
COSMIC RADIATION DOSE LEVELS
DOSE RATE, REVOLUTION 45
MILLIRAD/
HOUR
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
20 40 60 80 100
ELAPSED TIME, MIN
I i I i I ii _I
2.0 1.5 0.0 1.5 2.0 1.5 0.0 1.5
L, EARTH RADII
NASA-S-66-11967
GEMINI YTJ
ORBIT PARAMETER COMPARISON
EXPERIMENT D009-SIMPLE NAVIGATION
RIGHT ASCENSION OF
INCLINATION
ASCENDING NODE
i -DEGREES n - DEGREES
SET NO.
NASA-S-66-11921
AMU,
GEMINI SUIT,
AND ELSS
NASA-S-66-11918 GEMINI 2H
AIRCRAFT PHOTO
EXPERIMENT D013 GROUND A R R A Y
NASA-S-66-11886
EXPERIMENT D016
MINIMUM REACTION POWER TOOL
MODE SELECTOR
SLEEVE
TRIGGER SWITCH
FORWARD-REVERSE
SWITCH
LIGHTS
ASTRONAUT FLIGHT AND SIMULATION EXPERIENCE
NASA-S-66-12020
NASA-S-66-11836
0 j i
12
8
MACH
NO.
4
I I I I
0 60 120 180 240 300 360
TIME FROM LIFT-OFF, SEC
NASA-S-66-11837
COMPARISON OF
LONGITUDINAL ACCELERATION
— FLIGHT DATA
-- GEMINI MISSION
SIMULATOR DATA
-SECO
NASA-S-66-11720
NASA-S-66-12023
INTERIOR VIEW OF HYBRID SIMULATOR
NASA-S-66-11839
NASA-S-66-11838
BELOW 12
16
404 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44
AHEADH-^BEHIND
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT, N Ml
GEMINI IX-A
RENDEZVOUS PROPELLANT COMPARISON
PART I
TRANSFER INITIATION
HYBRID SIMULATOR
GEMINI MISSION
SIMULATOR
FLIGHT
FIRST CORRECTION
HYBRID SIMULATOR
GEMINI MISSION
SIMULATOR
FLIGHT
0 20 40 60 80 100
PROPELLANT CONSUMED, LBS
NOTE: HYBRID SIMULATION INCORPORATED SYSTEM ERRORS.
GEMINI MISSION SIMULATION WAS NOMINAL
0
20 40 60 80 100
PROPELLANT CONSUMED, LBS
NOTE: HYBRID SIMULATION AND GEMINI MISSION SIMULATION
CONDUCTED AT 15 N Ml DIFFERENTIAL ALTITUDE.
FLIGHT CONDUCTED AT 12.1 N Ml DIFFERENTIAL ALTITUDE
NASA-S-66-11721
• AGENA TRAINING-CMS
• EXPERIMENTS TRAINING-SOU,
5013, S001-GMS SUITED
• TETHER SIMULATION-DCPS
NASA-S-66-11722
• CMS
NASA-S-66-11840
iooo r
800
ALT 600
FTxlO 3 -RETROFIRE
400
ALTITUDE
200
0
-0:04 0:04 0:12 0:20 0:28 0:36
G.E.T. FROM RETROFIRE, HR-.MIN
GEMINI RESULTS AS RELATED TO THE APOLLO PROGRAM
By Willis B. Mitchell
NASA-S-66-11827
CONTRIBUTIONS TO APOLLO
LAUNCH AND FLIGHT OPERATIONS
NASA-S-66-12004
RENDEZVOUS
APOLLO REQUIREMENTS
• LUNAR RENDEZVOUS
NASA-S-66-11826
CONTRIBUTIONS TO APOLLO
MAJOR AREAS
RENDEZVOUS DEMONSTRATIONS
• BASIC FEASIBILITY
• APPROACH FROM ABOVE
• USE OF STAR-HORIZON SIGHTINGS
• PASSIVE RENDEZVOUS
• LUNAR ORBIT RENDEZVOUS SIMULATION
• ONBOARD CONTROL
• MIDCOURSE MANEUVERS
• A U X I L I A R Y PROPULSION
NASA-S-66-11686
RENDEZVOUS
DEMONSTRATED EXPERIENCE
• GROUND COMPUTATIONS • TOTAL RENDEZVOUS 10
• FLIGHT COMPUTATIONS - INITIAL 6
• MANUAL COMPUTATIONS - RE-RENDEZVOUS 3
• USE OF STARS - DUAL RENDEZVOUS 1
• MIDCOURSE MANEUVERS • MODES DEMONSTRATED 7
- PLANE CHANGE
- HEIGHT ADJUST
- PHASING
NASA-S-66-11691
DOCKING
DEMONSTRATED EXPERIENCE
• OPERATION FEASIBLE • GEMINI VTTT 1
• GEMINI X 1
• TRAINING A D E Q U A T E
• G E M I N I XI 4
• LIGHTING NEEDS • G E M I N I XH 3
NASA-S-66-12006
EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY
APOLLO REQUIREMENTS
CREW TRANSFER
LUNAR S U R F A C E ACTIVITIES
NASA-S-66-12101
DEMONSTRATION OF LANDING A C C U R A C Y
N Ml (—310 N Ml—H
60
56 N Mljj
NORTH - //
40 j/
.TARGET POINT
20 ffl E-
—o-
20
PREFLIGHT PREDICTED \
40 TOUCHDOWN FOOTPRINT-*
SOUTH
60
i i i i
100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80
WEST^ N Ml -EAST
NASA-S-66-12007
LAUNCH OPERATIONS
PRELAUNCH CHECKOUT
OPERATIONAL SUPPORT
MISSION CONTROL
NASA-S-66-11828
CONTRIBUTIONS TO APOLLO
FLIGHT CREW OPERATIONS AND TRAINING
• CREW CAPABILITY
• CREW EQUIPMENT
• CREW TRAINING,
MISSION PREPARATION
EXPERIENCE
NASA-S-66-12009
CREW CAPABILITY
LONG DURATION
ZERO-g ADAPTATION
EXTRAVEHICULAR CAPABILITY
NASA-S-66-12010
CREW EQUIPMENT
SPACE SUITS
PERSONAL EQUIPMENT
CREW TRAINING
INDIVIDUAL TRAINING
SIMULATORS
• 16 CREW MEMBERS
NASA-S-66-11829
CONTRIBUTIONS TO APOLLO
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
OF SUBSYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS
• COMMUNICATIONS
• GUIDANCE AND NAVIGATION
• ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY
• PROPULSION
• ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
• GENERAL SUPPORT
NASA-S-66-12012
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
• BEACONS
• ANTENNAS
• BATTERIES
• PERFORMANCE D A T A
NASA-S-66-12013
• ONBOARD COMPUTER
• RENDEZVOUS RADAR
• MANEUVER CAPABILITY
• REENTRY CONTROL
NASA-S-66-120U
• FUEL CELL
• CONCEPT CONFIRMED
• PERFORMANCE DATA
NASA-S-66-12015
PROPULSION SYSTEM
APOLLO EXPERIMENTS
• ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE
• PROTON-ELECTRON SPECTROMETER
• LUNAR ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROMETER
• COLOR PATCH PHOTOGRAPHY
• LANDMARK CONTRAST MEASUREMENTS
• RADIATION LEVEL IN SPACECRAFT
• REENTRY COMMUNICATIONS
• MANUAL NAVIGATION SIGHTINGS
• SIMPLE NAVIGATION
• RADIATION AND ZERO-g EFFECTS ON BLOOD
• MICROMETEORITE COLLECTION
NASA-S-66-12017
SUMMARY