Craft Based

Product Design

Johan K. Runtuk

The Importance of Cultural

Context
 Pentingnya Unsur Kebudayaan
Topic Outline
• Pengaruh budaya
dalam desain kerajinan
• Keuntungan unsur
budaya dalam desain
produk

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Pengaruh Budaya Dalam Desain Kerajinan

• Era Perubahan: Eropa – Amerika

• Sosial-budaya dan relevansinya dalam
industri desain kerajinan: Asia
• Budaya Indonesia dalam desain

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Pengaruh Budaya Dalam Desain Kerajinan

• Era Perubahan (1960 - 1969):

Eropa - Amerika
– Youth Culture
• Kerajinan sebagai ekspresi
kebebasan
– Counterculture
• Kerajinan sebagai gaya hidup daerah
• Kerajinan hanya untuk “realisasi
diri”
– Multiculture

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Era Perubahan: Eropa - Amerika
Tekstil

Lenore Tawney, exhibition at Elaine Benson Gallery, Bridgehampton, N.Y., 1967.

(Photograph © Clayton Price.)

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 Era Perubahan: Eropa - Amerika
Tekstil

Claire Zeisler, Red Preview, 1969. Jute, langes

Ed Rossbach, Delta, 1964. Raia, synthetic raffia and found synthetic
square-knotted and wrapped, cascading ends; 96
ribbon, plain weave with interlocked discontinuous warps and wefts; 18 ×
× 60 in. (The Art Institute of Chicago, Gift of Claire
8.5 in. (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, The Daphne Farago Collection,
Zeisler, 1979.294. © Estate of Claire Zeisler.)
2004.2100. Photograph © 2008 Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.)

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Era Perubahan: Eropa - Amerika
Perhiasan & Logam

Charles Loloma, Bracelet, ca. 1975. Fabricated 14-karat
gold bracelet with lapis lazuli, wood, fossilized ivory, coral,
and malachite; outside diameter, 4 in. (Wheelwright Museum
of the American Indian, Santa Fe. © Georgia Loloma.
Photograph by Addison Doty.)
Harold B. Helwig, Angelic Devils, 1968. Enamel on copper; 0.87 ×
11 in. (Museum of Arts and Design, New York, Gift of the Johnson
Wax Company through the American Craft Council. © Thompson
Enamel. Photograph by Ed Watkins, 2007.)

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Era Perubahan: Eropa - Amerika
Gelas

Harvey K. Littleton, Falling Blue, 1969. Cut barium / potash glass tubes colored with
copper oxide, assembled on bronze plate glass base; 21.5 × 12.5 × 6 in. (Museum of
Arts and Design, New York, Gift of the Johnson Wax Company through the American
Craft Council. Photograph by Eva Heyd.)
Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya
 Era Perubahan: Eropa - Amerika
Kayu

Wendell Castle, Molar Chair, ca. 1969. Molded fiberglass; 26 × 36 × 30 in. (Collection
of The Detroit Institute of the Arts, Gift of Jerome M. and Patricia J. Shaw, 1987.95.
© Wendell Castle, Inc.)

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Era Perubahan: Eropa - Amerika
Keramik

Michael Frimkess, Jumpin’ at the Moon Lodge, 1968. Stoneware; 28.25

× 26 in. (Scripps College, Claremont, Calif., Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Fred
Marer. © Michael Frimkess.)

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Pengaruh Budaya Dalam Desain Kerajinan

• Sosial-budaya dan relevansinya dalam industri

desain kerajinan
– Kerajinan Taiwan

Traditional Taiwanese craft and Ikea furniture

converged in the Yii stand at Maison et Objet.
an ordinary desk lamp is engraved with tiger
and dragon motifs and fitted with an ornamental
ball of fire inside the shade

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Pengaruh Budaya Dalam Desain Kerajinan

• Kerajinan Taiwan
– Sejarah Taiwan: sejarah dari
imigrasi dan kolonialisasi
• Kehilangan identitas publik
dan identitas pribadi
– Kerajinan awal dibuat oleh
orang Pribumi: tekstil tenun
dan ukiran kayu (nilai
estetik Taiwan dan Jepang)
– Kerajinan awal dibuat
dengan material lokal

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Pengaruh Budaya Dalam Desain Kerajinan

• Kerajinan Taiwan
– Penjajahan Jepang (1895 – 1945)
• Membuka jendela “dunia Barat”
• Perkembangan kerajinan di Taiwan
– Industrialisasi kerajinan
– Pembelajaran/transfer budaya
– Pengaruh Amerika
• Kerajinan adalah benda ekonomis
untuk pasar Amerika
– Munculnya identitas nasional

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

Pengaruh Budaya Dalam Desain Kerajinan

• Kerajinan Taiwan
– Masa Setelah Kolonialisasi
• Penelitian terhadap Kerajinan
dikategorikan:
– Industri Kerajinan
– Kerajinan Sehari-hari
– Kerajinan Seni
• Hybrid Culture

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Pengaruh Budaya Dalam Desain Kerajinan

• Budaya Indonesia dalam desain

– Tradisi
• Indonesia sebagai pusat craftsmanship Asia
• Tradisi: Batik, Logam, Ukiran kayu, dll
– Ritual
• Kerajinan adalah aspek integral dari budaya
• Kerajinan dibuat untuk dua tujuan:
– Tujuan fungsional: untuk berhubungan dengan
lingkungan
– Kebutuhan fisik, sosial, dan spiritual suatu kelompok

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 Budaya Indonesia dalam Desain: Tradisi
Wayang Golek/rod puppets

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 Budaya Indonesia dalam Desain: Tradisi
Candi Sukuh (abad ke 15)
Relief Carving

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Budaya Indonesia dalam Desain: Tradisi
Relief Carving
Candi Borobudur (abad ke 8)

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Budaya Indonesia dalam Desain: Tradisi
Keris/kris

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Budaya Indonesia dalam Desain: Tradisi
Batik
Kampung Batik – Desa Jetis, Sidoarjo

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Budaya Indonesia dalam Desain: Tradisi
Etnik

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Budaya Indonesia dalam Desain: Ritual
Gong

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 Budaya Indonesia dalam Desain: Ritual
Topeng

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya

 Keuntungan Unsur Budaya dalam
Desain Kerajinan
• Budaya = identitas &
warisan yang tidak
ternilai
• Keragaman desain
• Nilai dalam
Pemasaran
• Diferensiasi dan Posisi
produk

Copyright © 2011 Center for Creative Industries UPH Surabaya