Biology 5090_Relationship of organisms with one another and the environment

1 (a) Populations of living things vary over time. The graph shows how the population of a crop pest
varied over a number of years.
………….Economic threshold – level at which crop is still economically viable.
-------------Economic damage – at this level crop is not economically viable.

(i) Suggest why the population of the pest varied over period X.

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(ii) Did the pest threaten the livelihood of the farmer at any time? Explain your answer.

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(b) (i) Describe the change in the pest population over period Y

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(ii) Suggest how this change was brought about.

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(c) Suggest the most likely reason for the decrease in numbers of pests over the period of time marked Z.
Explain your answer.

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Fig. 1.1 shows what happens to energy as it passes through an herbivorous mammal (an ox).

(a) (i) State the source of the energy in the food eaten by the ox.

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(ii) State the form in which the energy is present in the carbohydrate eaten by the ox.

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(b) (i) Name the process that makes the remaining 35% of the energy in the food available to the ox.

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(ii) State three ways in which the energy may be used within the ox.

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The bird on the ox’s back is an ox pecker that feeds both on blood-sucking parasites (ticks) living on the ox,
and on blood from the ox’s wounds.
(c) (i) In the space below, draw a food web to show the feeding relationships of the organisms in Fig. 1.1.

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(ii) Explain why there must always be fewer ox peckers than ticks in this food web.

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MCQs
1. The diagram shows part of a food web.

Which is a primary consumer?

A beetle B carnivorous bird
C insectivorous mammal D nectar-feeding insect
2. The diagram shows a food web.

Which levels represent carnivores?

A Pand Q B Pand R
C Qand R D Rand S
3. The diagram shows some stages in the nitrogen cycle.Which arrow represents the action of decomposers?

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