Wynn Kapit /Lawrence M. Elson ag ANATOMY COLORING BOOK SECOND EDITION & HarperCollinsPublishers| promise my wife Lauren, and my sons, Eliot and Neil, o make up for so much lost time, Wynn Kapit For my wife Joan, with love, who once again provided the ambience and means by which this book has been re-created. For Jennifer, Chris, and Gina, with love, who by just being there made it all worthwhile ‘To Wynn Kapit, a uniquely gifted designer and illustrator; o Archie Morris, for keeping me fit, to Carolyn Scott, who made it possible for me to finish this book, To the million-plus colorers of the fist edition, ‘who have wonderfully corroborated and given real meaning to our work. We thank you Lamy Elson ABOUT THE AVUHORS Wynn Kapit, designer/illustrator of the book, is also the designer illustrator of The Physiology Coloring Book, and the author illustrator of The Geography Coloring Book. Lawrence M. Elson, Ph.D,, provided sketches, planned the content and organization, and wrote the text for the book. Dr Elson has taught anatomy in medical school and college, and continues to teach health care providers and attorneys at seminars around the country. He is a consultant and lecturer throughout the United States and Canada on the anatomical bases and causation of injury. He is the author of It's Your Body, and co-author of The Human Brain Coloring Book. The Anatomy Coloring Book, Second Eaton Copyright ©1983 by Wynn Kapst ana Lawrence M, Elson Prntedinthe United States of America. Allrighis reserved Nopartot this book may be used oF teproduced in any manner whatsoever ‘thout writen permission, except the case of brie! quotations ‘embodied in extcal articles ane reviews, For ntormation adoress HarperColins Colege Pubishers, 10 East Sard Steel, New York, NY 1022 ISBN 0-06-455016-8 95 96 97 10{promise my wife Lauren, and my sons, Eliot and Neil, 1o make up for so much lost time, Wynn Kapit For my wife Joan, with love, who once again provided the ambiance and means by which this book has been re-created. For Jennifer, Chris, and Gina, with love, who by just being there made it all worthwhile. ‘To Wynn Kapit, a uniquely gifted designer and illustrator; to Archie Morris, for keeping me fit, to Carolyn Scott, who made it possible for me to finish this book, To the million-plus colorers of the first edition, who have wonderfully corroborated and given real meaning to our work, We thank you. Larry Elson ABOUT THE AUTHORS Wynn Kapit, designer/illustrator of the book, is also the designer illustrator of The Physiology Coloring Book, and the author /ilustrator of The Geography Coloring Book. Lawrence M. Eison, Ph.O., provided sketches, planned the content and organization, and wrote the text for the book. Dr Elson has taught anatomy in medical school and college, and continues to teach health care providers and attorneys at seminars around the country. He is @ consultant and lecturer throughout, the United States and Canada on the anatomical bases and causation of injury. He is the author of it's Your Body, and co-author of The Human Brain Coloring Book The Anatomy Coloring Book, Second Eon Copyright ©1983 by Wynn Kept ana Lawrence M.Elsan Printed inthe United States ot America Alrighs reserved No partot {his book may be used oF reproduced in any manner whatsoever ‘without witten permission, except m the case of Bie! quotations embodied in exticsl articles ane eviews, For information adress HarperColins Colege Pubishers, 10 East Sard Stee, New York NY ‘0022 ISBN 0-06-455016-8 95 96 97 10TABLE OF CONTENTS VII PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Vill EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TIPS (On how to get the most out of this book) IMTRBODUETION 1 Anatomic Planes and Sections 2. Tetms of Position and Direction 0 ORGARIZATION OF THE BODY 3 The Generalized Cell Cell Division/Mitosis Tissues: Epithelium Tissues: Fibrous Connective Tissues ‘Tissues: Supporting Connective Tissue Tissues: Endochondral Ossifcation 9 Tissues: Muscle 10 Tissues: Skeletal Muscle Structure 11 Tissues: Nervous 42 Integration of Tissues 0 SYSTEMS AND REGIONS 13 Systems of the Body (1) 14 Systems of the Body (2) 16 Regions of the Body 16 Cavities and Linings 00 SKELETAL SYSTEM 17 Anatomy of a Long Bone 18 Axial/Appendicular Skeleton 19. Bones of the Skull (1) 20 Bones of the Skull (2) 21° Vertebral Column 22 Cervical and Thoracic Vertebrae 23 Lumbar, Sacral, and Coccygeal Vertebrae 24 Bony Thorax 25 Upper Limb: Pectoral Girdle/Arm Bone 26 Upper Limb: Forearm Bones 27, Upper Limb: Wrist and Hand Bones 28 Upper Limb: Bones in Review 29 Lower Limi: Goxal Bone, Pelvic Girdle, and Pelvis 30 Lower Limb: Thigh and Leg Bones 31 Lower Limbs: Ankle and Foot Bones 32. Lower Limb: Bones in ReviewIV ARTIGULAR SYSTEM 33 Classification of Joints 34 Terms of Movement V MUSCULAR SYSTEM 35. Introduction 36 Neuromuscular Junction/Motor Unit 37 Integration of Muscle Action 38 Head: Muscles of Facial Expression 39. Head: Muscles of Mastication 40. Neck: Anterior and Lateral Muscles 41 Torso: Deep Muscles of Back and Posterior Neck 42. Torso: Muscles of Thorax and Posterior Abdominal Wall 43. Torso: Muscles of Anterior Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Region 44 Torso: Muscles of the Pelvis, 45 Torso: Muscles of the Perineum 46 Upper Limb: Muscles of Scapular Stabilization 47 Upper Limb: Muscles of Musculotendinous Cult 48 Upper Limb: Movers of Shoulder Joint 49 Upper Limb: Movers of Elbow and Radioulnar Joints 50 Upper Limb: Movers of Wrist and Hand Joints 51 Upper Limb: Movers of Hand Joints (Intrinsics) 52 Upper Limb: Summary of Muscle Groups 53. Lower Limb: Muscles of Gluteal Region 54 Lower Limb; Muscles of Posterior Thigh 55. Lower Limb: Muscles of Medial Thigh 56 Lower Limb: Muscles of Anterior Thigh 57 Lower Limb: Muscles of Anterior and Lateral Leg 58 Lower Limb: Muscles of Posterior Leg 59. Lower Limb: Muscles of the Foot (Intrinsics) 60. Lower Limb: Summary of Muscle Groups 61 Skeletal Musculature: Functional Overview W CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Blood and Biood Elements Scheme of Blood Circulation Blood Vessels Mediastinum, Walls, and Covering of the Heart Chambers of the Heart Circulation Through the Heart 67 Cardiac Conduction System and the ECG 68 Coronary Arteries and Cardiac Veins 69 Arteries of the Head and Neck 70 Arteries ofthe Brain 71 Arteries and Veins of the Upper Limb 72 Arteries ofthe Lower Limb 73. The Aorta and Branches 74 Arteries to Gastrointestinal Tract and Related Organs 75. Arteries of the Pelvis and Perineum 76 Review of Principal Arteries 77 Veins of the Head and Neck 78 Caval and Azygos Systems 79 Veins of the Lower Limb 80 Hepatic Portal System 81 Review ofthe Principal Veins 82 Fetal Circulation BRLBSYO LYMPHATIC SYSTEM 83 0d UMIMMUE 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 Lymphatic System. Lymphooyte Circulation E LYMPHOID SYSTEM Introduction Natural and Acquired Immunity ‘Thymus and Red Marrow Spleen Lymph Node Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) HiIV-Induced Immunosuppression 1% RESPIRATORY SYSTEM a 92 93 94 95 96 7 Overview of the Respiratory System External Nose, Nasal System, and Nasal Cavity Paranasal Air Sinuses Pharynx and Larynx Lobes and Pleurae of the Lungs Lower Respiratory Tract Mechanism of Respiration & DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 Overview of the System Oral Cavity and Tongue Anatomy of a Tooth: Adult/Child Dentition Pharynx and Esophagus Peritoneum Stomach ‘Small Intestine: Duodenum, Jejunum, lleum Large Intestine Liver Billary System; Pancreas 0 VRIWARY SYSTER 108 109 110 1 12 2300 REPRO! 113 114 115 16 "7 118 119 120 12 122 123 Urinary Tract Kidneys and Related Retroperitoneal Structures Kidney Structure Uriniterous Tubule Renal Circulation DUCTIVE SYSTEM Male Reproductive System Testis Male Urogenital Structures Female Reproductive System Ovary Uterus, Uterine Tubes, and Vagina Menstrual Cycle Breast (Mammary Gland) Development af Embryo (1) Development of Embryo (2) Embryo/Fetus Coveringsvl 000 EWHOCRINS SYSTEM 124 125 126 127 128 129 Introduction | Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland and Target Organs Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands ‘Adrenal (Suprarenal) Glands Pancreatic Islets IU WERVOUS SYSTEM 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 198 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 187 188 159 160 Organization of the Nervous System Functional Classification of Neurons ‘Synapses and Neurotransmitters Development of Central Nervous System Cerebral Hemispheres ‘Tracts and Nuclei of Cerebral Hemispheres Diencephalon Brain Stem/ Cerebellum Spinal Cord Ascending Tracts Descending Tracts Ventricles of the Brain Meninges Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves and Nerve Roots Stretch Reflexes Distribution of Spinal Nerves Nerves of the Upper Limb Nerves of the Lower Limb Dermatomes ‘ANS: Sympathetic Division (1) ‘ANS: Sympathetic Division (2) ANS: Parasympathetic Division Somesthetic Sensation Special Senses: Visual Systom (1) ‘Special Senses: Visual System (2) ‘Special Senses: Visual System (3) ‘Special Senses: Auditory and Vestibular Systems (1) Special Senses: Auditory and Vestibular Systems (2) Special Senses: Taste and Otfaction BV MNTESUMENTARY SYSTEM 161 ‘The Integument BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES APPENDIX A: ANSWER KEYS (PLATES 28, 76, 81) ‘APPENDIX B: INNERVATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLES GLOSSARY INDEXPREFACE “ ‘The Anatomy Coloring Book (ACB) has been an immense success since its inception in 1976 and publication in 1977. By personal contacts and letters, we have found that directed coloring of body structures has increased the learning curve, opened reservoirs of visual memory, and facilitated instant recall in students at secondary schools, colleges, ‘and graduate and professional schools throughout the world. The Anatomy Coloring Book has been translated into French, Spanish, Portuguese, Japanese, and Italian. Thousands of colorers have advised and encouraged us, including coaches, trainers, teachers, paramedics, body workers, court reporters, attorneys, insurance claims adjusters, judges, and students and practitioners of dentistry and dental hygiene, nursing, medicine surgery, chiropractice, podiatry, massage therapy, physical therapy, occupa- tional therapy, and exercise therapy. Informal inquirers, and those with impairments seeking better understanding of their bodies, have found new insights about themselves: through periodic coloring of ACB plates. In addition to enhancing professional growth, this book can and does accommodate all who seek selt-realization through understanding the structure and function of their physical being, In this new edition of the ACB, we are responding to those who took the time to point out terrors, and who told us what they liked and what they needed. Included are many now illustrations with a crisp, more precise look, Numerous small drawings have been added relating organs to microscopic views of tissues, in addition to pictures of specific body postures induced by the muscles being colored, The text has been rewritten, and timely material has been added. An extensive index has been added to facilitate finding informa- tion. A glossary of definitions and explanations, both anatomical and medical, has been ‘added, This has special significance in a book such as this where text space is severely limited. For those concerned with the innervation of skeletal muscle and related spinal cord/root segments, a listing is provided in Appendix B. ‘A scan of the contents of this new ecition will reveal that 19 new plates have been added to the original 142. Perhaps most significantly, he lymphatic system in the first edition has been completely revised and expanded here, separating the iymphatic system (Plate 83) {rom the lymphoid or immune system (Plates 84-89). Changes in our understanding of the immune system have developed at a mind-boggling rate over the last 10 years, and these changes are retlected in these seven plates. A plate bringing together the effects of HIV infection on the function of critical cells of the immune system (Plate 90) brings practical ‘meaning to having colored the preceding plates on the lymphatic and lymphoid systems. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ‘The authors are in debt to many people who helped make this book happen, Our reviewers gave us a good opportunity to reflect on and to correct the text, and we are dateful to them: Drs. Don Matthies, Jack Wagner, and Gerald N. Waagen for content, and Ms. Maureen Savage and Mr. Edward Loskamp for secondary (high) school student and rnonscientist perspectives, respectively. Special thanks to Dr. Andrew Lichtman, assistant professor of pathology at Harvard Medical School, and co-author of the text Cellular and ‘Molecular immunology, for reviewing and criticizing the immune system and AIDS plates. |lam grateful to Dr John Gullett, a specialist in infectious diseases, for his review as well, Professors Richard Simmons and John Boyd encouraged one of the authors (LME) to undertake the immune system in this book, and their support was much appreciated ‘A special nod of appreciation goes to Jill Breedon, prootreader, and the staff of the ‘TypeStudio in Santa Barbara. Their superb and accurate work made the complicated job of typesetting and proofing far more enjoyable to handle than one might otherwise expect. “The human body, ke all organisms on this planet, relecs in its organization, structure, and function, universal principles and truths, We need to learn more about these relation- ‘ships, as they have tremendous personal and social implications. We offer this book as a means of gaining further insight into these relationships, and as an opportunity to see just how remarkable we all realy are. WYNN KAMIT LARRY ELSON Santa Barbara, California Napa Valley, Californiavil BRTREMELY IMPORTAMT TIPS (On how to get the most out of this book) 1. Please review this section before coloring the book. The short time required to read through these tips will enable you to get the most benefit from the book. After learning the meaning of a few symbols used throughout, and reading some basic instructions on how to proceed, ‘common sense will normally dictate the manner in which you color each plate. itis advisable to occasionally review these notes until such time that you feel completely at home with the coloring format. 2. Look over the table of contents. Note the arrangement of plates, ‘organized into introductory, general body organization, systemic and regional organization, and specific system topics are organized according to body system (systemic anatomy). f you are unfamiliar with the study of anatomy, be sure to color the plates on terminology (1 and 2) and introduction to systems and regions (13-16) fist. 3, Turn now to any plate of the book and note the following: ‘a. Atthe top of each plate are coloring notes (CN) which provides specific guidance in coloring that particular plate, Be sure to read these before coloring. The CN will usually recommend certain colors for specific subscripts, direct the order of coloring, and explain any ambiguities that ‘might arise, Whether you color the plate first and then read the text, or read the text frst and then color, is your decision ... whichever works best for you, . A glance at the front or back cover wil illustrate the basic principle Of this Coloring format: each “ttle” (a term in colorable outline letters) followed by a small, lettered subscript should receive a different color, After coloring the ttle, you should then search through the illustration(s) ‘and color any structure identified with that subscript, using the same color as the ttle, Unless you run out of colors, you should not repeat that color tor any other subscripted ttle or structure. Occasionally, tile subscripts will appear with a numbered superscript, eg, At, AZ, and so on. These titles and related structures get the same color because of the strong relationship between the structures. ©. Take care to color the titles first. In many instances the subscript identifying a structure is embedded within the structure. If you use a dark color for the structure, you may obscure the identiying subscript. This can be avoided by simply coloring the tile first, and then the related structure. 4. Related plates (cross references) are noted under the plate number in the upper right cotner ("see ...") 4, The more colors you have at your disposal, the more effective, as well as enjoyable, your coloring will be, A minimum of twelve colors, including ray, is essential. Lighter colors are preferable because they are less likely to cover up surtace detail or identifying subscripts. Gray is an important Color for column headings and miscellaneous uses. Whether you use felt- tipped pens or colored pencils makes no difference, provided their points are sharp enough for detail work. Crayons won't do, Buying colors individually at art supply or stationery stores will enable you to choose from a lighter range, as well as provide the opportunity to replace individual colors when they are exhausted5. This book does not have to be colored in any specific order, but the individual chapters (indicated by Roman numerals, | Il, and so on) should be colored in numerical order. This is because there are times in which ‘you will be asked to repeat colors used on previous plates, creating a olor-coordinated set of interrelated plates on a region or structure. However, you may tind that certain plates deal with material the technical nature of which exceeds your needs; in these cases, you may wish 10 skip the piate(s) 6. Generally, you will be able to choose colors as you wish. Occasionally, YoU will be asked to use specific colors recommended for structures that are universally colored one color in atlases: red for arteries, blue for veins, purple for capillaries, yellow for nerves, and green for lymph vessels and lymph nodes. Its usually preferable to employ lighter colors forthe largest areas, and darker or brighter colors for the smallest areas, 7. Dark outlines provide the boundaries between areas receiving different colors (identified by different subscripts). In some illustrations, there are repeated identical structures; for example, numbers of cells, vessels, lobules, and so on. Not every one of those structures may be labeled. You should, however, color all of them unless otherwise indicated by the “don't color” symbol, In those plates with a lot of detail, the identification of different subscripted areas/ structures and “no color” areas will have to be pursued diligently before coloring, to prevent mistakes, 8, Symbols used throughout are: = don't color + = color gray not shown ‘+ = color black outline ofa structure seen below the surface of another 9. In the text and tiles, the following abbreviations may precede or follow the names of the structures identified, eg, POST, AURICULAR M, BRACHIAL A, SCALENUS MED. M. A= Artery Ant, = Anterior Br = Branch Inf. = Inferior Int. = Internal Lat. = Laterat Lig. = Ligament M, Mus, = Muscle Med, (preceding term) = Medial Med. (after term) = Medius N. = Nene Post. = Posterior ‘Sup. = Supetior, superficial Sys. = System 1 = Tract v= Vein