Y% S ,xldj ;= < j.ùu ms < s n |j tla i ;a cd;S k a f .

a
uy f,a l ïjrhd m;a l< úfYa I { uKa v ,h ks l = ; a
l< jd¾;dj

úOdhl idrdxYh

2009 ud¾;= 23 od uy f,alïjrhd l< Y%S ,xld ixpdrh wjidkfha § Y%S ,xldfõ ckdêm;sjrhd
iy uy f,alïjrhd ksl=;a l< m%ldYfhys wka;¾.; jQ taldnoaO lem ùu l%shdjg kexùu
iïnkaOfhka ;ukag Wmfoia §u i|yd úfYaI{ uKav,hla m;a l< nj 2010 cQks 22 od uy
f,alïjrhd ksfõokh lf<a h' tu taldnoaO m%ldYh ;=< §" uy f,alïjrhd —j. ùfï
l%shdj,sfha jeo.;alu wjOdrKh l<˜ w;r" —tu ÿla .ekú,sj,g úi÷ï fiùug mshjr .kakd
njg˜ Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj tlÕ úh' uKav,h i;= úêksfhda.h kï" Y%S ,xldfõ ikakoaO
.egqfï wjika wÈhrj,a w;r;=r § cd;Hka;r udkqISh iy udkj ysñlï kS;sh iïnkaOfhka
isÿ jqKq njg pqÈ; W,a,x>khkays iajNdjh iy mßudKh ie,ls,a,g f.k" j.ùfï
l%shdj,shlg wod<j fhdod .; yels wdlD;Ska" cd;Hka;r ñkqï o~q iy ixikaokd;aul
w;aoelSï ms<sn|j uy f,alïjrhdg Wmfoia §u hs' uy f,alïjrhd uKav,fha idudðlhka f,i
u;= i|yka wh m;a lf<a h( u¾iqls oreiaudka ^bkaÿkSishdj&" iNdm;s¦ iaàjka /Ük¾ ^tlai;a
ckmoh&¦ iy hiañka iQld ^ol=Kq wm%sldj&' 2010 iema;eïn¾ 16 od isg uKav,h ks, jYfhka
ish lghq;= wdrïN l< w;r" uq¿ ld,h mqrd u Bg f,alï ld¾hd,hl iydh ,eìK'

uKav,fha lghq;=j, rduqj

hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj,ska mek k.sk j.ùu ms<sn| ne£ï wjfndaO lr .ekSu i|yd" úIh
lafIa;%fha wjYH;dj mßÈ —pqÈ; W,a,x>khkays iajNdjh iy mßudKh˜ ms<sn|j ;lafiarejla
lsÍug uKav,hg mejßK' flfia jqj o uKav,h i;= úêksfhda.h lreKq fiùu fyda mÍlaIK
meje;aùu olajd me;sfrkakla fkd fõ' fpdaokdj, ;ru úia;r lsÍu i|yd;a úYajikSh jkafka
l=uk fpdaokd oehs ;lafiare lsÍu i|yd;a ;uka w; ;snQ f;dr;=re mokï lr f.k úúO
uQ,dY%j,ska ,enqKq f;dr;=re úYaf,aIKh l< uKav,h tajd kS;suh jYfhka we.hSulg ,la
lf<a h' wjOdrKh lrkq ,nk l%shdj fyda isÿùu isÿ jQfha hehs úYajdi lsÍug ie,lsh hq;=
mokula mej;sfha kï fpdaokdj úYajikSh úh hq;= hehs uKav,h ;SrKh lf<a h' fulS ñkqï
oKav fya;= fldg f.k rdcHhg iy m%;spdr oelaúh hq;= wfkla l%shdldrlhkag wod< kS;suh
j.lSula u;= ù wdfõ h' fuu jd¾;dj ;=< § fpdaokd úYajikSh hehs ie,flkafka tajd wod<
iy úYajdijka; hehs uKav,h l,amkd lrk uQ,sl uQ,dY%j,ska ,enqKq wjia:dj, § muKls'
fuu kS;suh ;lafiarej ;=< § uKav,h ish lghq;= wdrïN lf<a È.= l,la ;siafia ;yjqrej
mj;sk cd;Hka;r kS;sfha wjhj u; h' tkï" Y%S ,xldj ;=< isÿ jQjdla jeks ikakoaO .egqula
w;r;=r § cd;Hka;r udkqISh kS;sh iy cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï kS;sh hk fol u wod<
jkafka h hk moku u; h' hqoaOh ;=< uQ,sl l%shdldrlhka jQ fou< B<ï úuqla;s fldá
^t,aààB& ixúOdkh iy Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj hk fomd¾Yajhg u iïnkaO úYajikSh
fpdaokdj,g uKav,h cd;Hka;r udkqISh iy cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï kS;sfha kshuhka wod<
lf<a h' tla tla md¾Yajh m%isoaêfha m%ldYhg m;a l< wruqKq j;a ^wdKavqj iïnkaOfhka .;a

   Page  |  1  
l, ;%ia;jdohg tfrysj igka lsÍu iy t,aààBh iïnkaOfhka .;a l, fjk u kscìula
i|yd igka lsÍu& tla tla md¾Yajh fhdod .;a Wmdhkays wiuñ;sl iajNdjh j;a cd;Hka;r
udkqISh iy udkj ysñlï kS;sh wod< lr .ekSu flfrys n,mEula fkd lrhs'

Y%S ,xldj hkq udkj ysñlï .súiqï lsysmhl md¾Yajlrefjl= neúka cd;Hka;r udkqISh iy
cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï kS;sh W,a,x>kh l< njg flfrk fpdaokd mÍlaId fldg j.lsj hq;=
whg tfrysj fpdaokd bÈßm;a lsÍug th ne£ isঠikakoaO .egqïj,g wod< jHjydr cd;Hka;r
kS;sh ;=< o tjeks ne£ï we;=<;a h' uy f,alïjrhd fj; ish Wmfoia iemhSfï § fuu kS;suh
ne£ï wjOdrKh lrkjdg wu;rj uKav,h tlai;a cd;Skaf.a úúO ,shú,sj, iy .súiqï ;=<
m%ldYs; cd;Hka;r ñkqï o~q o f.k yer md we;' fuu uQ,dY%j,ska m%ldYhg m;a jk
wjfndaOfha yrh kï" cd;Hka;r kS;sh hgf;a wmrdO f,i ie,flk l%shdjkag fyda
isÿùïj,g wod<j j.ùu idlaId;a lr .ekSu ;=< - h<s isÿ fkdjk njg ,nd fok cd;Hka;r
iy;sl ùï o iys;j - i;Hh i|yd mj;sk whs;sh" hqla;sh i|yd mj;sk whs;sh iy jkaÈ i|yd
mj;sk whs;sh we;=<;a nj hs' tfuka u" j.ùu iy;sl lsÍu iïnkaOfhka óg iudk
wNsfhda.hkag uqyqK § ;sfnk fjk;a rgj,a .Kkdjl § ilia lr .;a" fuu ñkqï o~q iu.
wkqrEm jk úúO m%dfhda.sl m%úIaghka o uKav,h f.k yer md we;' Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj j.ùu
iïnkaOfhka fï olajd f.k we;s m%úIaghg wod< foaYSh m%;sm;a;s" jev ms<sfj<j,a iy wdh;k
;lafiare lsÍfï § o uy f,alïjrhd fj; bÈßm;a l< hq;= ish ks¾foaY ilia lsÍfï § o
uKav,h moku f,i fhdod f.k ;sfnkafka fuu rduqj hs' wjika jYfhka lsj hq;af;a" ish
Wmfoi iQ;%.; lsÍfï §" Y%S ,xldj ;=< È.= l,la ;siafia mej;s ikakoaO .egqu ;=< §
fomd¾Yajh u l< l%shdjka ksid yg .;a fÄokSh m%;súmdlj,ska mSvd ú¢ f.dÿre jQjkaf.a
whs;sjdislïj,g iy wjYH;djkag uKav,h m%uqL;dj § we;s nj hs¦ idudkHfhka hqoaOj, §
m%Odk jYfhka mSvd ú¢kafka ia;%Ska" <uhska iy jhia.; mqoa.,hka jk w;r" Y%S ,xldj
iïnkaO ;;a;ajh o bka neyer fkd fõ'

úYajikSh njg uKav,h fidhd .;a fpdaokd

úYajikSh fpdaokd njg uKav,h l< ;SrKh ksid hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj,a ms<sn|j Y%S ,xldfõ
wdKavqj fï olajd bÈßm;a l< úia;rhg jvd w;sYhska fjkia úia;rhla t<sorõ fõ' ;uka lr
f.k .sfha —isú,a jeishkag lsisÿ ydkshla fkdlsÍfï˜ m%;sm;a;sh mokï lr .;a —udkqISh uqod
.ekSfï fufyhqula˜ nj wdKavqj mjihs' tfy;a Bg uq¿ukska u fjkia f,i uKav,h
úYajikSh fpdaokd fidhd .;af;a h' tajd Tmamq jqj fyd;a Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj iy t,aààBh hk
fomd¾Yajh u l< cd;Hka;r udkqISh kS;sh iy cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï kS;sh nrm;< f,i
W,a,x>kh lsÍï ud,djla m%lg jkq we;' bka we;eï tajd hqo wmrdO f,i iy ukqIH;ajhg
tfrys wmrdO f,i ie,lsh yels jkq we;' cd;Hka;r kS;sh ie,iqï lrk ,oafoa mqoa.,
wNsudkh wdrlaId lsÍu i|yd h' tkuq;a hqoaOh lr f.k hdfuka ienúka u ksfhdackh jQfha
hqoaOh iy iduh hk fol u w;r;=r § cd;Hka;r kS;sfha uq¿uy;a ;ka;%hg u t,a, jqKq ure
myrls'

úfYaIfhka u uKav,h fidhd .;af;a hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj,g iïnkaO úYajikSh

fpdaokdjka h' 2008 iema;eïn¾ iy 2009 uehs 19 od w;r;=r § Y%S ,xld hqo yuqodj jkaksh ;=<g
ish ñ,sgß fufyhqu jHdma; lf<a isú,a jeishka úYd, ixLHdjlg ure le|jñka uyd mßudK
iy mq¿,aj me;sß fI,a fjä m%ydr fhdod .ksñks' 330"000la muK isú,a jeisfhda ksrka;rfhka
l=vd fjñka mej;s m%foaYhla ;=< fldgq jQy' fI,a fjäj,ska fíÍ m,d .sh o Tjqyq t,aààBfha
m%dK wemlrejka njg m;a jQy' udOHh iy hqoaOh úfõpkh l< wfkla wh ìh .ekaùug iy
ksy~ lsÍug wdKavqj W;aidy .;af;a h' th mqoa.,hka meyer .ekSu iy w;=reoka lsÍu i|yd
iqÿ jEka fhdod .ekSu we;=¿ úúO ;¾ck iy l%shdjka Wmfhda.S lr .;af;a h'

   Page  |  2  
talrdYs jk f,i isú,a ckhd fmd,Ujñka wkqms<sfj<ska msysgqjQ hqo uqla; l,dm ;=k ;=<g u
wdKavqj uyd mßudKfhka fI,a fjä m%ydr t,a, lf<a h' nr wú fhdod .ekSu k;r lrk nj
mejiSfuka miqj mjd fuh isÿ úh' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uOHia:dkhg o wdydr fnod yeÍfï
fmda,sïj,g o fjr< ;Srj, isá ;=jd,lrejka iy Tjqkaf.a {d;Ska mgjd .ekSug meñfKñka
;snQ cd;Hka;r r;= l=rei lñgqfõ (ICRC) keõ wdikakhg o th fI,a fjä m%ydr t,a, lf<a
h'

hqo fmruqKqj, msysgd ;snqKq frday,aj,g wdKavqj ie,iqï iy.;j fI,a fjä m%ydr t,a, lf<a
h' msysá ia:dk wdKavqj fyd¢ka u oek isáh o jkaksh ;=< msysá ish¨ frday,aj,g fudagd¾ iy
ld, ;=jlal= m%ydr t,a, úh' bka we;eï tajdg kej; kej;;a m%ydr t,a, úh' .egqï l,dmh
;=< isá ckhd ú¢ ÿla mSvdjka jeä lrñka wdydr iy ffjoH iemhqï" úfYaIfhka u Y,H
l¾uj,g wod< iemhqï f,i Tjqkag iemhqKq udkqISh wdOdr wysñ lsÍug o wdKavqj ie,iqï
iy.;j l%shd lf<a h' fuu wruqK imqrd .ekSug th .egqï l,dmh ;=< /£ isá isú,a
jeishkaf.a ixLHdj ys;du;d u wvqfjka ;lafiare lf<a h' 2009 ckjdß isg uehs olajd ld,h
;=< oioyia .Kklg ish Ôú; wysñ úh' Tjqkaf.ka fndfyda fofkl= ñh .sfha wjika Èk
lsysmfha isÿ jqKq ukqIH ixydrh ;=< § ks¾kdñl f,i h'

.egqug f.dÿre jQjka iy .egqfuka Èú .<jd .;a;jqka .egqï l,dmh yer .sh miqj wdKavqj
Tjqka ;j ÿr wysñ lsÍïj,g iy ÿla mSvdjkag md;% lf<a h' t,aààB iellrejka fidhd l<
fidaÈis lsÍï isÿ jQfha lsisÿ úksúo Ndjhlska fyda ndysr ksÍlaIKhlska f;drj h' fjka fldg
.kakd ,o Tjqkaf.ka iuyre úêu;a mámdáhlska f;drj jyd u urKhg m;a lrkq ,enqKy'
Tjqka w;r isá ia;%Skaf.ka we;eful= ¥IKhg ,la jkakg we;' W.;a mdvï iy m%;sikaOdk
fldñifï úNd. lsÍï w;r;=r § ìßkaoEjreka iy {d;Ska úia;r l< mßÈ wfkla wh w;=reoka
jQy' ish¨ wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka r|jkq ,enqfKa ixjD; l|jqre ;=< h' oejeka; f,i ;ono
ùu Nhdkl fldkafoaisj,g u. mE§ h' /|úhkaf.a uQ,sl idudÔh iy wd¾Ól whs;sjdislï
W,a,x>kh úh' ksrmrdfoa fndfyda Ôú; wysñ úh' l|jqre ;=< isá we;eï mqoa.,fhda oeä m%Yak
lsÍïj,g o jOnkaOkj,g o f.dÿre jQy' ndysr f,dalh iu. lsisÿ woyia yqjudrejlska f;drj
iy ;j ÿrg;a wmfhdackhkag ,la úh yels fldkafoais hgf;a t,aààB iellrefjda fjka fldg
fjk;a ia:dkj,g /f.k hk ,oy'

.egqï l,dmh ;=< mej;sfha nrm;< f,i wka;rdhlr ;;a;ajhla jqj o t,aààBh isú,a
jeishkag msg ù hdug wjir §u m%;slafIam lf<a h' Tjqka m%dK wemlrejka f,i fhdod .;af;a
h' we;eï wjia:dj, § Tjqka tys isàu ;uka iy bÈßhg wefok Y%S ,xld hqo yuqodj w;r
uQf,damdhsl udkj mjqrla f,i fhdod .;af;a h' hqoaOh mqrd th n,d;aldrfhka yuqodjg n|jd
.ekSfï m%;sm;a;sh l%shdjg kexjQ kuq;a wjika wÈhrj, § jhi ody;r ;rfï <uhska o we;=¿
ish¨ jhiaj, ckhd n,d;aldrfhka n|jd .ekSfï ish m%;sm;a;sh fnfyúka oeä lf<a h' ;u
wdrlaIdj i|yd w.,a lmd .ekSug t,aààBh isú,a jeishkag n, lf<a h' thska igkalrejka
iy isú,a jeishka w;r fjki fkdmeyeÈ,s ù isú,a jeisfhda w;sf¾l ydksj,g f.dÿre jQy' fï
ish,a, lrkq ,enqfKa meyeÈ,s f,i u mrdchg m;a jqKq hqoaOhla lr f.k hdug oerE
W;aidyhl § h' t,aààBfha wruqK kue;s w,a;drh u; iy fcHIaG kdhl;ajh wdrlaId lr
.ekSug th oerE m%h;akj, § fndfyda isú,a jeisfhda ì,s fok ,oy'

2009 fmnrjdß udifha mgka t,aààBh .egqï l,dmfhka m,d hdug m%h;ak ork isú,a
jeishkag tl t,af,a fjä ;eîug mgka .;af;a h' hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj, § isÿ jqKq urK
ixLHdj jeä ùug fuh ie,lsh hq;= f,i fya;= úh' wNHka;r wj;eka jQjkaf.a úYd,
lKavdhï isá iómhg ld, ;=jlal= m%ydr o t,a, l< t,aààBh" wNHka;r wj;eka jQjka fyda
frday,a jeks isú,a jeishka isá f.dvke.s,s wdikakfha isg fjä ;eîï lf<a h' tfuka u" tu
f.dvke.s,s wdikakfha ñ,sgß WmlrK .nvd lf<a h' hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj,a mqrd u .egqï
l,dmfhka msg; urd f.k uefrk m%ydr isÿ lsÍfï ;u m%;sm;a;sh t,aààBh wLKavj l%shdjg

   Page  |  3  
kexù h' tjeks m%ydr t,a, lsÍug Bg mej;s yelshdj .egqfï fmr wjêj,g ixikaokd;aulj
ySk ù .sh o th .egqï l,dmfhka msg; § isú,a jeishkag tfrys m%ydr .Kkdjla isÿ lf<a h'

fuf,i" uKav,h ish ks.ukfha § Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj l<ehs is;sh yels m%Odk m%fNao myl
nrm;< W,a,x>khka iys; úYajikSh fpdaokd fidhd .;af;a h( tajd kï" (i) mq¿,aj me;sß
fI,a fjä m%ydr yryd isú,a jeishka >d;kh lsÍu¦ (ii) frday,aj,g iy udkqISh b,lalj,g
fI,a fjä m%ydr t,a, lsÍu¦ (iii) udkqISh iydh m%;slafIam lsÍu¦ (iv) wNHka;r wj;eka
jQjka iy t,aààB flavr hehs iel l<jqka we;=¿ .egqug f.dÿre jQjka iy .egqfuka Èú .<jd
.;a;jqka w;aú¢ udkj ysñlï W,a,x>kh lsÍï¦ iy (v) udOHhg iy wdKavqj úfõpkh l<
wfkla whg tfrysj l< tajd o we;=¿j .egqï l,dmfhka msg; isÿ jqKq udkj ysñlï
W,a,x>kh lsÍï'

hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj,g iïnkaO t,aààBhg tfrys úYajikSh fpdaokd njg uKav,h l<
;SrKh ksid nrm;< W,a,x>khka f,i ie,lsh yels m%Odk m%fNao yhla t<sorõ fõ( (i) isú,a
jeishka udkj mjqrla f,i fhdod .ekSu¦ (ii) t,aààB md,kfhka ñ§ m,d hdug m%h;ak oerE
isú,a jeishka >d;kh lsÍu¦ (iii) isú,a jeishka wdikakfha isg ñ,sgß WmlrK mdúÉÑ lsÍu¦
(iv) <uhska n,d;aldrfhka yuqodjg n|jd .ekSu¦ (v) n,d;aldÍ Y%uh¦ iy (vi) urd f.k
uefrk m%ydr yryd isú,a jeishka >d;kh lsÍu'

j.ùu

cd;Hka;r udkqISh fyda udkj ysñlï kS;sh nrm;< f,i W,a,x>kh lsÍï iïnkaOfhka
j.ùu hkq f;dard .ekSula fyda m%;sm;a;shla ms<sn| ldrKhla fkd fõ' th foaYSh iy
cd;Hka;r kS;sh hgf;a bgq l< hq;= j.lSuls' úYajikSh f,i pqÈ; fuu W,a,x>kh lsÍï
ne?reï mÍlaIKhl o j.lsj hq;a;kag tfrysj kvq mejÍfï o wjYH;dj u;= lrhs' Tmamq jqj
fyd;a" Y%S ,xldfõ yuqodm;sjreka iy wdKavqfõ fcHIaG ks,OdÍka fuka u t,aáàBfha ñ,sgß
iy isú,a kdhlhka we;=¿ jvd;a u j.lsj hq;= wh cd;Hka;r wmrdO iïnkaOfhka wmrdO
j.lSu orkq we;'

tmuKla fkd j" isÿ lr we;s nrm;< wmrdO ms<sn|j mÍlaIK meje;aùfuka iy tu
wmrdOj,g tfrysj kvq mejÍfuka Tíng o j.ùu jHdma; fjhs' ienúka u th jQl,s w;S;fha
§ l< udkj ysñlï iy wNsudkh W,a,x>kh lsÍï iïnkaOfhka mqoa.,hka iy wdh;k i;=
foaYmd,ksl" kS;suh iy iodpdrd;aul j.lSu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrk mq¿,a l%shdj,shls'
by; i|yka l< cd;Hka;r ñkqï o~qj,g wkqj" j.ùu hkq f.dÿre jQjka i|yd i;Hh" hqla;sh
iy jkaÈ Èkd .ekSu hs' mqrjeishkaf.a whs;sjdislï W,a,x>kh lsÍu iïnkaOfhka ;uka bgq
l< ld¾h Ndrh iy ;uka i;= j.lSu ks, jYfhka ms<s.ekSfï wjYH;dj o j.ùfuka u;= fõ'
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a m%;sm;a;sj,g tlÕj lghq;= lrk uKav,h j.ùu iïnkaOfhka —fldalg;a
ff;,˜ iQ;%hla fyda úfoaYSh wdlD;s wdkhkh lsÍu fjkqfjka l;d fkd lrhs' ta fjkqjg"
mq¨,a mqrjeis iyNd.s;ajh" wjYH;d iy m%d¾:kd we;=¿ cd;sl ;lafiarejla mokï lr f.k
j.ùfï l%shdj,s w¾: oelaùfï wjYH;dj ms<s.kS' tfy;a" ´kE u cd;sl l%shdj,shlska
cd;Hka;r ñkqï o~q iemsßh hq;= h' tf,i" hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj, f.dÿre njg m;a jQjkag
i;Hh" hqla;sh iy jkaÈ i|yd ;sfnk whs;sjdislï idlaId;a lr .ekSug fldmuK idOkSh
bvlvla ie,fikafka oehs jgyd .ekSug j.ùu iïnkaO Y%S ,xldfõ m%úIagh tu ñkqï o~qj,g
o ixikaokd;aul w;aoelSïj,g o wkqj ;lafiare l< hq;= h'

m%;sIaGdmk hqla;sh wjOdrKh lrñka m%;sikaOdkh iy j.ùu ;=,kh lsÍug W;aidy lrk nj
wdKavqj m%ldY lr we;' m%;sIaGdmk iy oKavk hqla;sh w;r f;dard .ekSula mj;sk nj lshd

   Page  |  4  
isàfuka m%o¾Ykh jkafka jHdc fn§uls' fol u wjYH h' ;j o" uKav,fha oelau kï
wdKavqfõ u;h fodaI iy.; nj hs' ukao" miq .sh wdKavqfõ m%;sm;a;sj, foaYmd,ksl j.lSu o
i;Hh" hqla;sh iy jkaÈ flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrk" wjHdc" f.dÿre jQjka flakaø fldg .;a
j.ùula Wfoid ;%ia;jdofhka mqrjeishka wdrlaId lsÍug Tjqka wiu;a ùu o ms<sn| fkdmeyeÈ,s
u;hla bka wdfoaY jk neúks' we;eï t,aààB flavrhka fodaIdfrdamKhg ,la úh hq;= h hk
lreK flfrys úfYaI wjOdrKhla fhdokq ,efí' ta iïnkaOfhka wdKavqj w; we;s
ie,eiafuka woyia jkafka nyq;rh mqkre;a:dmkh lsÍu iy Èú .<jd .;a t,aààB flavrhka
w;r isák —oeä u;OdÍka˜ i|yd ;on, fkdjk oKavk mekùu hs' uKav,h fj; meyeÈ,s
flreKq mßÈ kï" w;S; wdKavqj, iy t,aààBfha j.lSu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrñka j.ùu
ms<sn|j wdKavqj bÈßm;a lrk fohdldr u;h hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj,a lr f.k hdfï § fyda
hqoaOfhka miq iufha § wdKavqj .;a ;SrK iy wdKavqfõ l,al%shdj ms<sn|j j;a tajdfha
m%;sM,hla f,i isÿ jkakg we;s kS;sh W,a,x>kh lsÍï ms<sn|j j;a ne?reï úu¾Ykhla
lsÍug l,amkd fkd lrhs'

j.ùu ms<sn| wdKavqfõ u;h cd;Hka;r ñkqï o~qj,g wkql+, fkd fõ h hk ks.ukhg
uKav,h t<U we;' wdKavqj fomd¾Yajh u isÿ l< W,a,x>khka ms<sn| fpdaokd flfrys wjHdc
wjOdkhla fhduq fkdlrkafka kï iy .egqfï f.dÿre njg m;a jQjkaf.a whs;sjdislï iy
wNsudkh j.ùu ms<sn| ish m%úIagfha flakaøh njg m;a lr fkd.kafka kï th l%shdjg kxjk
jev ms<sfj<j,a cd;Hka;r wfmalaIdjkaf.ka úiañ; f,i my< uÜgul mj;skq we;'

W.;a mdvï iy m%;sikaOdkh ms<sn| fldñiu

2002 § we;s lr .;a igka úrdu .súiqfï isg 2009 uehs udifha § .egqu wjika ùu olajd w;S;h
ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfï ish m%;sm;a;sfha m%Odk moku f,i wdKavqj W.;a mdvï iy
m%;sikaOdkh ms<sn| fldñiu msysgqjd we;' fuu fldñiu Y%S ,xldfõ .egqu ms<sn|j cd;sl
ixjdohla wdrïN lsÍug m%fhdackj;a úh yels wjia:djla ksfhdackh lrhs' mqoa.,fhda úYd,
ixLHdjla" úfYaIfhka u ish leue;af;ka bÈßm;a ù fldñiu yuqfõ l;d l< f.dÿre jQfjda"
tjeks ixjdohl wjYH;dj fmkajd ÿkay'

t;l=ÿ jqj;a" ixhq;sfhka iïuq;s .eiajqKq neúka o we;eï idudðlhkaf.a wjYH;d w;r .eUqrg
uq,a nei .;a .egqï mej;s ksid o iajdëk;ajh iy wmlaImd;s;ajh ms<sn| cd;Hka;r ñkqï o~q
imqrd ,Sug fldñiu wiu;a úh' fldñifï úêksfhda.h o fï olajd fldñiu bgq ld¾hh iy
tys l%ufõoh o cd;Hka;r udkqISh iy udkj ysñlï kS;sh nrm;< f,i W,a,x>kh lsÍï
ms<sn| fpdaokd mÍlaId lsÍug j;a oYl .Kkdjla ;siafia we§ .sh ckjd¾.sl .egqfï uQ,
fya;+ka úuid ne,Sug j;a m%udKj;a fkd fõ' tys wjOdkh n,.;= f,i fhduq ù ;sfnkafka
j.ùu ms<sn|j wdKavqj bÈßm;a l< fodaI iy.; iy mlaI.%dyS ixl,amh o wvx.= by; i|yka
l< foaYmd,ksl j.lSu ms<sn| mq¿,a u;h flfrys h' fï olajd th lr we;s ld¾hfhka
fmkakqï flfrkafka fldñiu .egqfï wjika wÈhrj, § isÿ jqKq foh ms<sn|j wjHdc i;Hh
fiùula lr fkdue;s nj hs' hqoaOhg iïnkaO jqKq fomd¾Yajh l< nrm;< W,a,x>khka
ms<sn|j l%udkql+, f,i iy wmlaImd;Sj mÍlaIKhla lsÍug W;aidy ord ke;s nj hs' wNsudkh
iy ÿla mSvdjka iïnkaOfhka f.dÿre jQjkag mQ¾K f.!rjfhka i,lk m%úIaghla fhdod f.k
ke;s nj hs' ienE fm!oa.,sl wjodkulg uqyqK § isák ;;a;ajhkays § mjd idlaIslrejkaf.a
wdrlaIdj i|yd wjYH mshjr f.k fkdue;s nj hs'

iuia;hla f,i .;a úg" W.;a mdvï iy m%;sikaOdkh ms<sn| fldñiu w;sYhska u fodaI iy.;
h' jevodhl j. ùfï hka;%Khla i|yd jQ cd;Hka;r ñkqï o~q fkd imqrhs' j. ùfï
l%shdj,shla i|yd Y%S ,xldfõ ckdêm;sjrhdf.a iy uy f,alïjrhdf.a taldnoaO lem ùu thska
iïmQ¾K fkd flfrkjd muKla fkd j Bg th iïmQ¾K l< fkdyels h'

   Page  |  5  
fjk;a foaYSh hka;%K

fldñifï l%shdldß;ajh fyda m%;sM, fkd ;ld" j. ùu idlaId;a lr .ekSfï § wêlrK

moaO;sh m%uqL ld¾h Ndrhla bgq l< hq;= h' flfia jqj o" moaO;sfha w;S; l%shdldß;ajh iy
j;auka jHqyh iudf,dapkh lrk úg" j;auka foaYmd,k jd;djrKh ;=< § th hqla;sh Wfoid
fiajh lrkq we;s njg uKav,hg ;sfnk úYajdih iaj,am h' fuu ;;a;ajh ks¾udKh ù
;sfnkafka yelshdjla ke;slug jvd foaYmd,k wêIaGdkhla ke;slu fya;=fjks' úfYaIfhka u
n,h jeä jYfhka ckdêm;sjrhd w; ixflakaøKh ùu ksid uE; w;S;fha § kS;sm;sjrhdf.a
iajdëk;ajh ÿ¾j, ù we;' tfuka u" ;%ia;jdoh je<elaùfï mKf;a oekg l%shd;aul iajrEmh
iu. taldnoaO fldg yÈis kS;sh È.ska È.g u mekùu ksid udkj ysñlï j.lSï Tijd ;nk
.uka rch lrk jerÈ flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsÍug fkdyels jk ie,lsh hq;= ndOdjla
wêlrK moaO;shg bÈßm;a fõ' fï whqßka u" ;uka y÷kd f.k ;sfnk úYajikSh fpdaokd
iïnkaOfhka fyda hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj, § isÿ l< fjk;a wmrdO iïnkaOfhka ñ,sgß
wêlrK moaO;sh jevodhl j.ùfï hka;%Khla f,i l%shd lrk njg uKav,hg lsisÿ
idlaIshla olakg ke;'

j.ùu idlaId;a lr .ekSu iïnkaOfhka ld¾h Ndrhla bgq l< yels fjk;a foaYSh wdh;k o
fmkakqï lrkafka nrm;< ÿ¾j,luls' nrm;< udkj ysñlï .eg¨ .Kkdjla úNd. lsÍu
i|yd oYl ;=kla ;siafia mÍlaIK fldñiï msysgqjd we;' we;eï tajd lreKq fiùu
iïnkaOfhka jeo.;a mrud¾: bgq lr .ekSug fiajh lr we;s kuq;a iuia;hla f,i .;a úg
y÷kd .;a W,a,x>khka iïnkaOfhka mq¿,a j.ùula idlaId;a lr .ekSug fuu fldñiï
wiu;a ù we;' m%isoaO jd¾;djla bÈßm;a lsÍug fndfyda fldñiï wiu;a ù we;s w;r" ks¾foaY
l%shd;aul lrkq ,en we;af;a l,d;=rlsks' j.ùfï we;eï me;slvj,a jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd
odhl ùug o Y%S ,xld udkj ysñlï fldñiug yelshdj we;s kuq;a uKav,h i;=j ;j u;a
ne?reï iSud mj;S' w;=reoka jQjka ms<sn| mÍlaIKj, kshe<Su iïnkaOfhka iy r|jd f.k
isák mqoa.,hkaf.a iqNidOkh ksÍlaIKh lsÍu iïnkaOfhka fldñiu foaYmd,k wêIaGdkh
iy WmdhYS,S Ndjh m%o¾Ykh l< hq;= hehs uKav,h úYajdi lrhs'

j.ùu iïnkaO fjk;a ndOl

wjOdkh fhduq fkdl< fyd;a wjHdc j.ùu i|yd ork mßY%uhkag ndOdldÍ jk iy tys
m%;sM,hla f,i iaÓridr iduh i|yd mj;sk wfmalaIdjkag j< lemS hd yels ;j;a ld,Sk
.eg¨ lsysmhla o Y%S ,xldj ;=< mej;s nj ish ld¾hh w;r;=r § uKav,h ksÍlaIKh lf<a h'
jvd;a u ie,lsh hq;= tajd w;rg we;=<;a jkafka( (i) foaYmd,k iajdëk;ajh iy ms<s.ekSu
i|yd jQ fou< ckhdf.a m%d¾:kd wjidkhlg muqKqjñka —;%ia;jdoh˜ mrdch lsÍu i|yd
udOHhka iy wêIaGdkh w;a lr .ekSu ms<sn|j isÿ jqKq ixjdoh yryd wdKavqfõ md¾Yajfhka
m%ldYhg m;a jqKq muK blaujQ m%S;s m%fudaoh iy ish ñ,sgß uQf,damdh ksid orkakg isÿ jqKq
udkqISh msßjeh iïnkaOfhka th lrk m%;slafIam lsÍu¦ (ii) .egqfï yoj; f,i mej;S we;s
foaYmd,ksl" idudÔh iy wd¾Ól jYfhka neyer lsÍu f,i .;a úg úfYaIfhka ydkslr oekg
l%shd;aul neyer lsÍfï m%;sm;a;s iy yeÕ=Kq fyda ienE ckjd¾.sl;ajh mokï lr .;a neyer
lsÍu¦ (iii) by; i|yka l< yÈis kS;s iy ;%ia;jdoh je<elaùfï mK; muKla fkd j
NS;sfha" ìh .ekaùfï iy m%pKav;ajfha jd;djrKhla ;yjqre lrñka l,ska mej;s .egqï l,dm
wLKavj ñ,sgÍlrKh lsÍu iy merd ñ,sgß tacka;hka fhdod .ekSu o we;=¿ hqo ld,Sk jev
ms<sfj<j,a wLKavj l%shd;aul ùu¦ (iv) m%cd;ka;%jd§ md,khg mgyeKs f,i udOHhg
mekfjk iSud iy uQ,sl mqrjeis whs;sjdislïj,g mekfjk iSud¦ iy (v) oYl .Kkdjla
;siafia t,aààBhg b;d jeo.;a iodpdrd;aul iy øjHuh iydhla iïmdokh l< fou<
vhiafmdardj bgq lrk ld¾h Ndrh iy j.ùug o ;srir iduhg o ;j;a ndOdjla ks¾udKh
lrñka Tjqkaf.ka we;eful= jkaksh ;=< isÿ jqKq udkqISh jHikfha § t,aààBh bgq l< ld¾h
Ndrh ms<s.ekSu m%;slafIam lsÍu'

   Page  |  6  
È. ld,hla ;siafia flÍ f.k .sh ckjd¾.sl-cd;sljd§ .egqfï uQ, fya;+ka o we;=¿ mq¿,a w;S;
rgdjka wjHdc f,i ;lafiare lsÍug bv ie,fik j.ùug ufydamldÍ jk jd;djrKhla
j¾;udkfha fkd mj;S' udkj whs;sjdislïj,g .re lrk újD; iudchla lrd jQ ixhqla;
mshjrhka fuka u" muK blaujQ m%S;s m%fudaofhka iy Y%S ,xldfõ ckjd¾.sl úúO;ajh;a rfÜ
wkd.;fha moku f,i fou< ckhd we;=¿ ;u ish¨ ck;djf.a mQ¾K iy wiSñ; mqrjeis
Ndjh;a ms<s.kakd foaYmd,k úi÷ula i|yd wjHdc f,i lem ùu m%;slafIam lsÍfuka
uQ,O¾ud;aul fjkila w;a lr .ekSu o wjYH h'

isú,a jeishka wdrlaId lsÍfï § cd;Hka;r ld¾h Ndrh

hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrj,a w;r;=r § isú,a jeishka wdrlaId l< yelsj ;snqKq mshjrhka .ekSug
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a foaYmd,k wdh;k iy uKav, wiu;a úh' ;j o" isú,a jeishka wdrlaId l<
hq;= njg iy frday,aj,g iy tlai;a cd;Skaf.a fyda r;= l=rei lñgqfõ ia:dkj,g fI,a fjä
m%ydr t,a, lsÍu k;r l< hq;= njg fcHIaG cd;Hka;r ks,OdÍka m%isoaêfha iy fm!oa.,slj
wdKavqjg lreKq lshd isáh o jkaksh ;=< isÿ jqKq isÿùï È. yefroa§ we;s jqKq ydks ms<sn|
ixLHd m%isoaêfha fhdod .ekSu ksid isú,a jeishka wdrlaId lsÍug l< le|jqu jvd m%n, jkakg
we;s nj uKav,fha woyi hs' óg wu;rj" hqoaOh wjika ùfuka miqj" Y%S ,xldj ms<sn|j 2009
uehs udifha § bÈßm;a l< ish fhdackdj iïu; lr .ksoa§ udkj ysñlï ljqkais,h l%shd
lrñka isáfha wiïmQ¾K f;dr;=re u; úh yels h'

ks¾foaY

fuu ;;a;ajh ;=< uKav,h my; i|yka jev ms<sfj<j,a ks¾foaY lr isà' j.ùu iïnkaOfhka
uy f,alïjrhd iy Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj w;r l%shd;aul iy jevodhl ne£ula we;s lr .ekSu
i|yd rduqjla f,i tu ks¾foaY iuia;h fiajh lrkq we;ehs uKav,h n,dfmdfrd;a;= fõ' b;d
jeo.;a hehs uKav,h i,lk j.ùfï úúO me;slvj,a flfrys tajd wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' tu
j.ùu idlaId;a lr .ekSug kï Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj o tlai;a cd;Ska o fjk;a md¾Yajhka o
wkqmQrlj l%shd l< hq;= fõ'

1 jk ks ¾ foa Y h( mÍla I K

w' úYajikSh hehs uKav,h fidhd .;a fpdaokd i,ld n,d" ish cd;Hka;r ne£ïj,g wkql+,j
iy m%n, foaYSh j.ùfï l%shdj,shlg uq, msÍfï oelaulska hq;=j Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj ikakoaO
.egqu ;=< iïnkaO ù isá fomd¾Yajh u cd;Hka;r udkqISh iy udkj ysñlï kS;sh
iïnkaOfhka l< fuu iy fjk;a pqÈ; W,a,x>khka ms<sn|j jyd wjHdc mÍlaIK wdrïN
l< hq;= h'

wd' úêksfhda. w;r my; oelafjk iu.dó l%shdjka we;=<;a jk iajdëk cd;Hka;r hka;%Khla
ia:dmkh lsÍug uy f,alïjrhd jyd u l%shd l< hq;= h(

(i) pqÈ; W,a,x>khka iïnkaOfhka wjHdc mÍlaIK meje;aùu o we;=¿j Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj
m%n, foaYSh j.ùfï l%shdj,shla l%shd;aul lrkafka fld;rï ÿrlg o hkak ksÍlaIKh lsÍu
iy ;lafiare lsÍu" iy tys fidhd .ekSï ms<sn|j l,ska l,g uy f,alïjrhd oekqj;a lsÍu¦

(ii) wjHdc iy m%n, foaYSh mÍlaIK we;s fldg pqÈ; W,a,x>khka iïnkaOfhka iajdëkj
mÍlaIK meje;aùu¦ iy

   Page  |  7  
 (iii) tlai;a cd;Skaf.a moaO;sh ;=< mj;sk fuu uKav,h o fjk;a uKav, o /ia lrk
f;dr;=re we;=¿j hqoaOfha wjika wÈhrhka iïnkaOfhka j.ùug wod<j uKav,h fj;
iemfhk f;dr;=re tla/ia fldg iqÿiq mßÈ wkd.;fha § m%fhdackhg .ekSug ;sfnk whs;sh
wdrlaId lsÍu'

2 jk ks ¾ foa Y h( j.ùu jeä Èhq K q ls Í fï fjk;a jev ms < s f j<j,a

w' jkaksh ;=< § f.dÿre jqKq iy Èú .<jd .;a ish¨ fokdf.a whs;sjdislï iy wNsudkh
ms<s.ekSu ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq lrñka Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj my; i|yka flá ld,Sk jev
ms<sfj<j,a l%shdjg kexúh hq;= h(

(i) rdcHh" tys wdh;k iy rdcHfha tacka;hka f,i l%shd lrk fyda rdcHh bjid isák ish¨
merd ñ,sgß iy fjk;a lKavdhïj, m%pKav;ajh wjika lsÍu¦

(ii) m%lD;s ;;a;ajhg m;a ùu i|yd;a udkj wjfYaI Tjqkaf.a mjq,a fj; wdmiq heùu i|yd;a
myiqlï iemhSu iy ñh .sh wh fjkqfjka ixialD;sl pdß;% bgq lsÍug bv i,id §u¦

(iii) mjqf,a idudðlhka b,a,d isá úg wh lsÍulska f;drj läkñka iy f.!rjkSh

wdldrfhka ñh .sh wh iy w;=reoka jQjka fjkqfjka urK iy;sl ,nd §u iy tu lghq;af;a
§ ;j ÿr mÍlaIK iy isú,a whs;sjdislï i|yd Tjqkag mj;sk whs;sh iïuq;s fkd .eiaùu¦

(iv) ixialD;sl jákdlïj,g iy idïm%odhsl isß;aj,g .re lrñka Èú .<jd .;a ish¨ fokd
Wfoid ufkda idudÔh iydh iemhSu¦

(v) ish¨ wj;eka jQjka uqod yeÍu iy Tjqka l,ska Ôj;a jQ ksjdi lrd wdmiq hdug myiqlï
iemhSu fyda Tjqkaf.a leue;a; mßÈ fjk;a ia:dkhl kej; mÈxÑ ùug wjia:dj ie,iSu¦ iy

(vi) Èú .<jd .;a ish¨ fokdg h<s idudkH Ôú;hg msúiSug iydh §ula f,i flfrk
wka;¾ ld,Sk iykdOdr iemhSu wLKavj lr f.k hdu'

wd' n,d;aldrfhka w;=reoka lrkq ,en we;ehs lshefjk mqoa.,hka ms<sn|j mÍlaIK mj;ajd" Y%S
,xldfõ wdKavqj Tjqkaf.a brKu iy Tjqka isák ia:dkh fy<sorõ l< hq;= h' fï
iïnkaOfhka Y%S ,xldfõ ixpdrh lrk f,i" n,d;aldÍj iy wlue;af;ka w;=reoka lrkq
,enQjka ms<sn| l%shdldÍ lKavdhug Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj wdrdOkd l< hq;= h'

we' Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj rg ;=< mj;sk foaYmd,k ;;a;ajh i,ld n,d yÈis kS;s jyd u wj,x.=
lsÍug m%;s{d Èh hq;= h' ;%ia;jdoh je<elaùfï mK; ;=< ;sfnk Y%S ,xldfõ cd;Hka;r
ne£ïj,g mgyeKs ish¨ úêúOdk fjkia l< hq;= h' tfuka u" fuu iy fjk;a úêúOdk
hgf;a w;a wvx.=fõ ;nd f.k isák t,aààB iellrejka iy ish¨ wfkla mqoa.,hka
iïnkaOfhka my; i|yka jev ms<sfj<j,a l%shdjg kexúh hq;= h(

(i) r|jd f.k isák ia:dkh l=ula jqj;a fï jk úg r|jd f.k isák ish¨ fokdf.a kï
m%isoaO lsÍu iy Tjqka r|jd f.k isàfï kS;suh moku Tjqkag oekqï §u¦

(ii) ks;sm;d mjqf,a idudðlhka uqK .eiSug iy kS;suh Wmfoia ,nd .ekSug ish¨
/|úhkag bv i,id §u¦

(iii) ;uka r|jd f.k isàfï nrm;< whqla;s iy.; Ndjhg tfrysj Widúfha § igka
je§ug ish¨ /|úhkag bv i,id §u¦

   Page  |  8  
 (iv) nrm;< wmrdO ms<sn|j m%udKj;a idlaIs iys; whg fpdaokd bÈßm;a lsÍu iy wfkla
ish,a,ka uqod yer ;j ÿr ndOdjlska f;drj iudchg h<s taldnoaO ùug bv i,id §u'

wE' hdfï Bfï" /ia ùfï iy woyia m< lsÍfï ksoyi iSud lrk fyda NS;sfha jd;djrKhla
we;s ùug odhl jk rdcH m%pKav;ajh iy fjk;a mßphka wjika lsÍug Y%S ,xldfõ wdKavqj
l%shd l< hq;= h'

3 jk ks ¾ foa Y h( È.= ld,S k j.ùfï jev ms < s f j<j,a

w;S;h ms<sn|j wjHdc úu¾Ykhla lsÍug j;auka jd;djrKh WmldÍ fkdjk kuq;a È.=
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