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Design
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Basics Mana
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 TOPICS

View selection en t
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Alignment ofe view
Ma
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Orthographic
K n writing steps
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Basic dimensioning
Tangency and intersections
View Selection
 VIEW SELECTION STEPS

1. Orient the object to the best position

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relative to a glass box. nage
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2. Select the frontowview.
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3. Select adjacent views.
 STEP 1 : Orient the Object
The object should be placed in its natural position.
n t
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The object should presents its features in actual
age
size and shape in orthographican views.
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GOOD now NO !
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 STEP 2 : Select a Front View
The object’s longest dimension should be
n t
presented as a width. m e
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First choice an
Second
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d g
Waste more spacewle
no
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Inappropriate GOOD
STEP 2 : Select a Front View
The adjacent views that are projected from the
n t
selected front view should appear m ein its natural
age
position. an
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Inappropriate
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STEP 2 : Select a Front View
Choose the view that have the fewest number of
hidden lines. t
en
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GOOD Inappropriate
 STEP 3 : Select an Adjacent View
Choose the view that have the fewest number of
hidden lines. t
en
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GOOD ag
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Inappropriate

GOOD
Inappropriate
STEP 3 : Select an Adjacent View
Choose the minimum number of views that can
t
represent the major features of the nobject.
m e
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Necessary a
n Hole’s location can be
a
M specified on the same view.
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l ed Easy to understand
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Necessary
STEP 3 : Select an Adjacent View
Choose the views that are suitable to a drawing
space. n t
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n ow
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enough space
for dimensioning.
STEP 3 : Select an Adjacent View
Choose the views that are suitable to a drawing
space. n t
m e
age
an
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now
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 Example : View selection

mislead to…

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n t
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F.V. & T.V. Three views F.V. & R.S.V.

Size description   
Shape description   
 ONE-VIEW DRAWING
Flat part having a uniform thickness.
n t
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age
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now
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1 Thick

Unnecessary These 2 views provide only information

about the part thickness !
 ONE-VIEW DRAWING
Cylindrical-shaped part.
n t
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age
an
Unnecessarye M
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Repeatnow!
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Infer from CL

Unnecessary
 TWO-VIEW DRAWING
There exists an identical view.
n t
m e
e
gRepeat
na !
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ge Unnecessary
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now
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 TWO-VIEW DRAWING
The 3rd view has no significant contours of the object.
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age
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Unnecessary
 TWO-VIEW DRAWING
The 3rd view has no significant contours of the object.
n t
m e
age
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d g
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now
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Unnecessary
Alignment of Views
 PROJECTION SYSTEMS
1. First angle system
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- European country
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- ISO standard age First Quadrant
an
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2. Third angle system led g
now
- Canada, USA, K
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Japan, Thailand
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Third
Quadrant
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
1st angle system 3rd angle system
 ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS
1st angle system 3rd angle system

Folding
line


Folding
line
Folding
line


Folding
line
 ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS
1st angle system 3rd angle system
n t
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e View
gTop
Right Side View Front View na
Ma
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l ed
now
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WTop View Front View Right Side View
 PROJECTION SYMBOLS
First angle system Third angle system
n t
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 n t
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age
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Orthographic l
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Steps
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 WRITING STEPS

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1. Select the necessary m en views
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2. eM
Layout theedgviews.
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3. Project
CG the views.
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4. Dimension the views.

1. SELECT THE NECESSARY VIEWS

n t
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 2. LAYOUT THE VIEWS

n t A4
m e
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152 an
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64 l e
n ow
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152

Choose an
appropriate scale
1:1
PROJECT THE VIEWS

n t
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DIMENSION THE VIEWS
x
x
n t
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n

y
Ma
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y

y
PART NAME

NOTES
1. Dimensions in millimeters.
2. ….
 TRANSFERING
THE DEPTH DIMENSION
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1. Direct measurement m e

3
age
an
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2
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now

1
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0
0 1 2 3 27
Starting point
 TRANSFERING
THE DEPTH DIMENSION
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2. Use miter line m e
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Views too close

Basic Dimensioning
 COMPONENTS

n t
1. Extension lines 10 27 e
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2. Dimension lines e
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3. Leader lines now
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4. DimensionWnumbers

17
5. Local notes 43
Tangencies and
Intersections
 TANGENT & INTERSECTION
No line is formed when curved surface tangent
to a plane surface. n t
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Line is formed when curved a
n surface intersects
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a plane surface. ge
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No line now
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tangent intersect

No line

tangent intersect
 TANGENT & INTERSECTION

n t
m e element
age limiting
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tangent tangent now
tangentG K
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intersect plane
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 TANGENT & INTERSECTION
tangent

n t
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an tangent
No line
intersect e M
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tangent
CG tangent
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No line No line tangent

tangent
QUIZ
1. Which should be the natural position of the light
bulb ? (20 sec)

n t
m e
a b) age
an
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g
l ed
now
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c) W d)

0 5 10 15 20
2. Which are the necessary views ? (60 sec)

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a) A-C-E m e E
D
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b) E-B-D an
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d g
c) E-A l e
now
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d) E-C CG
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A C

F
0 15 30 45 60
3. Which is in correct first angle projection ? (180 sec)
a) b)
n t
m e
age
an
eM
g
l ed
now
c) K d)
CG
W

0 45 90 135 180
4. Which is in correct third angle projection ? (180 sec)
a) b)
n t
m e
age
an
eM
g
l ed
now
c) K d)
CG
W

0 45 90 135 180
5. Which is a wrong 3rd angle orthographic views ?
(180 sec)

a) b)
n t
m e
age
an
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g
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now
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c) CG d)
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0 45 90 135 180