Capacity Calculation For DG Set

1.0 General

A. For Calculating the Generator capacity, it is necessary to consider the following:

1. The capacity of generator and engine shall be sufficient for total operating and
intermittent load (RG11).
2. The capacity shall be sufficient to restrict the momentary voltage drop, during
starting of biggest motor within the permissible limits (RG21).
3. The capacity shall be sufficient for starting of the biggest motor, within
permissible overload of generator (RG31).

B. For selection of output rating of diesel engine, the following shall be considered:
1. Capacity shall be sufficient to meet the total operating and intermittent load
(RG12).
2. Capacity shall be sufficient to meet the step load (RG22) on engine due to starting
of biggest motor.
3. Capacity shall be sufficient to meet the momentary overloading of engine during
starting of biggest motor, with base load existing on Generator (RG32).

2.0 Calculation formula for Generator

a. Required capacity for Total Operating & Intermittent Load (RG11)

RG11=√((∑kW)2+(∑kVAR)2) kVA

where
(∑kW) is the Total kW connected to Emergency DG Set (kW)
(∑kVAR) is the Total KVAR connected to Emergency DG Set (kVAR)
Continuous and Intermittent load values for emergency loads are to be taken from
electrical load summary.
b. Required capacity for biggest Motor start within permissible voltage dip (RG21)
RG21 = Starting kVA X Transient reactance of generator X ((1-ΔV)/ ΔV) kVA

where
Starting kVA = √3 X Rated Volt X starting current X 10-3 kVA
ΔV = Permissible momentary voltage dip
Direct axis transient reactance of generator Xd1
c.Required capacity for motor start within permissible overload (RG31)

RG31 =
√[(Base load kW + (Starting kVA X cosΦS)2+(Base load kVAR+(Starting kVA X
sinΦS)2]/Short time over current rating of generator

where
 Base load kW = Total base load on emergency DG set before starting of biggest
motor. All the continuous load except biggest motor, is considered as base load.
Starting kVA = √3 X Rated Voltage X Starting current X 10-3
ΦS = Starting power factor of Biggest motor in emergency load
Short time over current rating of generator = 1.5 as per IEC 34 for rotating electric
machineries.

3.0 Calculation Formula for Engine

a. Required Capacity for Total running load (RG12)

RG12= ∑kW/nG kW

where
nG = Generator efficiency

b. Required capacity for step load

RG22 = step load on engine = Starting kW of Biggest motor / nG kW

c. Required capacity for momentary overloading

RG32 = (Base load kW + (Starting kVA X ))/(n G X short time overloading rating of
engine) kW
Short time overloading rating of engine = 1.1, Permitted overload 10% for 1hr. in 12hr.
operation as per standards for diesel engine.

4.0 Conclusions

 Maximum among the three i.e. RG11, RG21, RG31 will be taken as generator
capacity. Taking Design margin into account the capacity of generator = [Design
margin X MAX ( RG11, RG21, RG31)] kVA

 Minimum Engine capacity will be the maximum of RG13, RG23 and engine must be
able to take a step load of RG22.