Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Infarct Pontin
“Amintirile unui mort despre viata”
Carte publicata in 1997
de un ziarist francez care a avut un
atac cerebral
urmat de sindromul de “locked in”
Cauze
• Neurologice
– Traumatisme craniocerebrale
– Accidente vasculare cerebrale
– Tumori
• Metabolice
– Hipo/hiperglicemie
– Hiposodemie
– Encefalopatie hepatica
• Endocrine
– Panhipopituitarism
– mixedem
• Toxice
Hematom subdural
Hematom epidural
Abces cerebral
Evaluare
• Ancheta (contextul instalarii comei)
– + evolutia tulburarilor de constienta
• Examen clinic initial
– Functii vitale
– Neurologic
Indicii din istoric
• Instalarea simptomelor
– Instalare brusca
– Prodrom, fluctuatii
• Siptome neurologice asociate preexistente
• Medicatie cronica
Obiective terapeutice
• A – libertatea cailor aeriene
• B – asigurarea respiratiei
• C – asigurarea circulatiei
• Tratamentul prompt al cauzelor metabolice cu risc
vital imediat (hipoglicemia)
• Evaluarea riscului unei presiunii intracraniene
crescute si masuri terapeutice imediate
• Bilant biologic
– Glicemie
– Ionograma
– Gaze sanguine
– Ex. toxicologic
• Explorari paraclinice
– CT
– Punctie lombara
Coma postresuscitare
• Numai 25-50% din cei resuscitati parasesc
spitalul!
• Comatose survivors 50
40
• Asystole or VF % 30
• 31-32°C 20
• Cooling until neurologic 10
recovery 0
Favorable neurologic
(3 hours to 8 days) recovery
• Water-filled blanket
Hypothermia (n=12)
Normothermia (n=7)
Dr. Fritz Sterz, Vienna, Austria, and The Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest
Study Group, N Engl J Med 2002; 346:549-556
Hypothermia for Coma After Cardiac Arrest
Hypothermia
Normothermia
Dr. Fritz Sterz, Vienna, Austria and The Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest
Study Group, N Engl J Med 2002; 346:549-556
Junko Suzuki
Machida City Museum
Tokyo
trauma
hipoxie PIC herniere
ischemie efect de masa
hemoragie edem
tumora
insuficienta resp
toxicitate
congestie venoasa
ischemie arteriala
oprire circulatorie
Angiografie cerebrala in
moarte cerebrala
STABILIRE A DIAGNOSTICULUI DE
MOARTE CEREBRALA
IREVERSIBILITATEA
absenta ameliorarii la
6 ore
ABSENTA FUNCTIEI
NEUROLOGICE
incetarea functiei
intregului creier,
inclusiv a trunchiului
cerebral
Cortex Cerebral
Sistem Reticulat
Activator
Trunchi cerebral
Trunchi cerebral
mezencefal
Nerv cranian III
reflex pupilar
miscarea ochilor
Trunchi cerebral
Punte
nervi cranieni IV, V, VI
miscari conjugate globi
oculari
reflex cornean
Trunchi cerebral
bulb
nervi cranieni IX, X
reflex de inghitire
reflex de tuse
Respiration
APNEEA
(TEST DE APNEE)
• EEG
• potentiale evocate
• Doppler transcranial
• scintigrafie
• angiografie cerebrala
Teste confirmatorii
EEG
• potential donator
100,000
90,000
80,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
*Based on OPTN data through March 31, *organ procurement and transplantation
2008 network
www.OPTN.org
Donarea de organe
Corneas (1905)
Liver (1963)
Kidneys (1954)
Pancreas (1969)
Intestines (1987)
Skin (1822)