WHAT IS AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM? An embedded system can be defined as a specialized computer system that is part of a larger system or machine.

Typically, an embedded system is housed on a single microprocessor board with the programs stored in ROM or other non-volatile storage. Virtually all appliances that have a digital interface (watches, microwaves, VCRs, and cars) utilize embedded systems. Some embedded systems include an operating system, but many are so specialized that the entire logic can be implemented as a single program. Our example will consist of many parts which we will not discuss in detail such as busses that connect components, power supplies, and the like, instead we will focus on the most significant parts of the system that pertain to the functionality of a Router, basically consisting of those parts shown in the diagram in the left.

Processor - (Intel, Motorola, MIPS, etc.) responsible for the actual work done in the system.

System Memory - Execution space for the processor and components to work with Boot Rom - Small device loaded with the initial boot code for bringing up the system Serial UART - Serial interface for console communication with the system Network Interfaces - Physical devices for connecting the system to networks