HEALTH TEACHING PLAN

Terminal Performance Objective: At the end of 30 minutes of health teaching, the client will be able to acquire knowledge and correct attitude and behavior towards her condition (MALNUTRITION) Topic: MALNUTRITION Time allotment: 30 minutes

ASSESSMENT
Subjective: Parati akong napapagod sa gawain namin sa bahay at lagi akong wala sa mood. Paminsan hindi ako nakakain ng maayos. Hindi ko alam kung bakit ako nagiging ganito. Objective: BP- 90/60 Weight- 43 kg. Height- 52

LEARNING NEEDS

TEACHING OBJECTIVE

CONTENT

TEACHING STRATEGY

EVALUATION
The client: 1. Defined malnutrition 2. Enumerated common signs and symptoms of malnutrition 3. Identified the different causes of malnutrition 4. Enumerated the different complications of malnutrition 5. Acquire knowledge about the different prevention and treatment for malnutrition

Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements, related to lack of knowledge and inadequate food intake

At the end of 30 minutes What is Malnutrition?  Lecture Malnutrition is the of discussion, the client discussion/ Onecondition that results shall be able to: on-one discussion from taking an 1. Define malnutrition  Visual aids unbalanced diet in 2. Enumerate common  Question and which certain signs and symptoms answer nutrients are lacking, of malnutrition in excess (too high an 3. Identify the different intake), or in the causes of wrong proportions. malnutrition 4. Enumerate the  Some early signs and different complications of symptoms of malnutrition malnutrition may 5. Acquire knowledge include: about the different y Irritable (bad prevention and mood) and treatment for tired. malnutrition y Slower growth than normal, or no growth (in children). y Weight loss.

 Later signs and symptoms of malnutrition may include: y Bone or joint pain, and weak muscles.  Bloated abdomen and swelling in other parts of the body y Changes in the skin and hair. y Brittle and spooned nails. y Dry, scaly skin. y Hair loss. y Skin and hair change color. y Loss of appetite (not hungry). y Slow wound healing and easily get infections. y Sunken temples (sides of the head).

Causes  Malnutrition may be caused by not eating the right amount or right kinds of food, or by having certain health conditions. Malnutrition may be caused by health conditions that keep your body from digesting (breaking down) or absorbing nutrients properly. It may be caused by health conditions that increase the amount of calories or nutrients that your body needs. Your body may also lose nutrients because of diarrhea, bleeding and other problems. Possible Complications If untreated, malnutrition can lead to:  mental disability  physical disability  illness  possibly death

Medical Complications  Bilateral pitting oedema Grade 3 (+++)  MarasmusKwashiorkor (W/H<70% with oedema or MUAC<11cm with oedema) MUAC Resources  Severe vomiting/ intractable vomiting  Hypothermia: axillarys temperature < 35C or rectal < 35.5C  Fever > 39C  Number of breaths per minute: y 60 resps/ min for under 2 months y 50 resps/ minute from 2 to 12 months >40 resps/minute from 1 to 5 years y 30 resps/minute for over 5 year-olds or y Any chest in-drawing

 Extensive skin lesions/ infection  Very weak, lethargic, unconscious, fitting/convulsions  Severe dehydration based on history & clinical signs  Any condition that requires an infusion or NG tube feeding.  Very pale (severe anaemia)  Jaundice  Bleeding tendencies Diagnosis Overall appearance, behavior, body-fat distribution, and organ function can alert a family physician, internist, or nutrition specialist to the presence of malnutrition. Patients may be asked to record what they eat during a specific period. X rays can determine bone density and reveal gastrointestinal disturbances, and heart and lung damage.

Blood and urine tests are used to measure the patient's levels of vitamins, minerals, and waste products. Nutritional status can also be determined by: y Comparing a patient's weight to standardized charts Calculating body mass index (BMI) according to a formula that divides height into weight Measuring skinfold thickness or the circumference of the upper arm.

Prevention  Eat a healthy, balanced diet As a lack of essential nutrients is one of the main causes of malnutrition, the best way to prevent the condition is to eat a healthy, balanced diet that contains foods from all the major food groups. The five main

food groups are: carbohydrates,fruit and vegetables,protein, dairy, and fats As well as eating healthily, you should aim to drink at least 1.2 litres of fluid a day (between 6-8 glasses).  Follow the Food Pyramid Guide Treatment  You may need to increase the calories and nutrients in your diet by doing one or more of the following: y Eat large meals and snacks between meals. Eat small meals often throughout the day if you have trouble eating large meals. Eat or drink a nutrition supplement if

you have trouble eating the right kinds and amounts of food. You may need to take vitamin or mineral supplements if your body is low in vitamins and minerals. Your caregiver may treat you with medicines if you have a health problem that is causing your malnutrition. If you cannot buy or prepare the right kinds of foods, talk to your caregiver. Ask for information about community programs that can help you.

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Clients Signature over Printed name