B

m=3
m=4

b3,k (j)
B

B
ck (j)
B
B
B

M1 (t).
M2 (t)
M3 (t)

k=2
k=2

B
B
B

b3,k (j)
b4,k (j)
b3,k (j)

ck (j)
k = 0, 1, 2, 3
k = 0, 1, 2, 3
k = 4.

ck (j)
m bm,k (j)
B
B
B

B
B

M0 (t) =
k = 1, 2, . . . ,

1 0t<1
,
0

Mk (t) =

k+1t
k

< t <

Mk RR

B
k (u) =
M

k = 1, 2, . . . Mk (t)

t
Mk1 (t),
k

Mk1 (t 1) +

k+1

Mk (t) =

j=0

1 eiu
iu

1
2k

k+1

k+1
j

k = 0, 1, . . . ,
u R.

Mk (2t j).

k = 1, 2, . . .

k (u) =
M

1 eiu
iu

k+1

k+1

k (u) =
M

j=0

1
2k+1

k+1
j

k (u/2) =
M
k (u) =
M

k+1

j=0

k+1

j=0

k+1

j=0

1
2k

k+1
j

1
2k+1

1
2k

1 + eiu/2
2

Mk (2t j) eiut dt =

1 eiu/2
iu/2

k+1

k (u/2)
eiju/2 M

1 eiu/2
iu/2

k+1
j

k+1
j

k+1

k (u/2).
eiju/2 M

Mk (2t j),

k+1

j=0

1
2k

k+1
j

Mk (2t j)eiut dt

k+1
k+1
1 k + 1
1 k + 1 1
iut
k (u/2)

eiju/2 M
(2t

j)
e
dt
=
M
k
k
k
2
2
2
j
j
j=0
j=0

k+1

j=0

1
2k+1

k+1
j

k (u/2).
eiju/2 M

Mk (t) =

k+1

j=0

1
2k

k+1
j

Mk (2t 1)

ck (j)
ck (j) =

1
2k

0,

k+1
j

j = 0, 1, . . . , k + 1
j<0

j >k+1

Mk (t)

Mk (t) =

ck (j)Mk (2t j).

j=

ck (j) j Z
C(z) :=

ck (j)z j

j=

C(z) =

k+1

j=0

C(z) =

1
2k

1+z
2

k+1
j

zj

(1 + z).
ck (j)

(1 + z)

{1, 1} .
(1 + z) =

j=

(0)
aj z j ,

(0)
aj

1,
0,

j=0
.
j = 0, 1

k = 0

(0)

(0)

1 + z = a0 + a 1 z

(0)

a0 = 1
(0)

a1 = 1
k = 1, 2, . . . ,

k=1

C1 (z) =
(0)

1+z

1+z
2

(1 + z)

(0)

a0 + a1 z
C1 (z) =

(1)
a0

(1)
a1 z

1+z
2

(1)
a2 z 2

(0)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

a2

1+z
2

(0)

(0)

(0)

a1

(a0 + a1 z).

a1 + a0
2

(1)

a0 + a1 z + a 2 z 2 =

(1)
a0

(0)

(0)

(0)

(0)

(a0 + a1 z)
(0)

(0)

(0)

a 0 + a1
a + a2 2
z+ 1
z
2
2

(0)

a + a0
1
= = 0.5
= 1
2
2
(0)
(0)
2
a + a1
= = 1.0
= 0
2
2
(0)
(0)
1
a + a2
= = 0.5
= 1
2
2

k=2
C2 (z) =
1+z
2

(1)

C2 (z) =

1+z
2

(1)

1+z
2

(1 + z)

(1)

a 0 + a1 z + a 2 z 2

(1 + z)

(2)
a0

(2)
a1 z

(2)
a2 z 2

1+z
2

(2)
a2 z 3

(1)

(1)

(1)

(a0 + a1 z + a2 z 2 ).

1+z
2

(1)

(1)

(1)

(a0 + a1 z + a2 z 2 )

(2)

(2)

(2)

(1)

(2)

a0 + a1 z + a 2 z 2 + a2 z 3 =

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

a + a1
a + a2 2 a2 3
a0
+ 0
z+ 1
z +
z
2
2
2
2
(1)

1
a0
= = 0.25
2
4
(1)
(1)
2
a + a1
= = 0.75
= 0
2
2
(1)
(1)
1
a + a2
= = 0.75
= 1
2
2
(1)
a
(2)
a3 = 2 = 0.25
2
(2)

a0 =

(2)

a1

(2)

a2

ck (j) =

1+z
2

ck1 (j).
ck (j)

2k

k+1
k = 0, 1, . . . , 4.

k
1
20
1
21

1
22
1
23
1
24

=
=

1
1
1
2
1
4
1
8
1
16

ck (j)

(k)

1
2

aj

(k)

aj

1 k1
aj1 + ak1
.
j
2

(4)

a1 =

0.3125 =

1 3
a + a31
2 0
1
(0.5 + 0.125) .
2

ck (j) =

1
2k

0,

k+1
j

j = 0, 1, . . . , k + 1
j<0

j >k+1

1
.
2k

k+1

ck (j)
k=0
c0 (j) := {1, 1}
k = 1, 2, . . .
1
[ck1 (j 1) + ck1 (j)]
2
B

ck (j) =
ck1 (j 1)
j<0

j >k+1

ck1 (j)

B
ck1 (j 1)

ck1 (j)

ck (j)
k = 0, 1, . . . , 7

ck (j)

Mk (t) =

j=

m2

bm,k (j)Mk (mt j)

m=3

m=4

k = 1, 2, 3

m=2
m=2

M1 (t) =

k+2

k=1

1+1

1
1
1 1+1
M1 (2t 1) = M1 (2t) + M1 (2t 1) + M1 (2t 2)
1
2
2
2
j
j=0
B

M1 (t).

0t<1
t
1
1
M1 (t) = M1 (2t) + M1 (2t 1) + M1 (2t 2) = 2 t 1 t < 2

2
2

0
B

0 t < 2

m=3
k=1

M1 (t)

2(1+1)

M1 (t) =

j=0

b3,1 (j)(3t j)

b3,1

M1 (t)
2
3
2
1
1
M1 (3t) + M1 (3t 1) + M1 (3t 2) + M1 (3t 3) + M1 (3t 4).
3
3
3
3
3
k=2
2(2+1)

M2 (t) =

j=0

b3,2 (j)(3t j)

M2 (t)

3
6
7
6
3
1
1
M1 (3t) + M1 (3t 1) + M1 (3t 2) + M1 (3t 3) + M1 (3t 4) + M1 (3t 5) + M1 (3t 6).
9
9
9
9
9
9
9

k=3
2(3+1)

M3 (t) =

j=0

b3,3 (j)(3t j)

M3 (t)

4
10
16
19
16
1
M1 (3t) + M1 (3t 1) + M1 (3t 2) + M1 (3t 3) + M1 (3t 4) + M1 (3t 5)+
27
27
27
27
27
27
4
1
10
+ M1 (3t 6) + M1 (3t 7) + M1 (3t 8).
27
27
27
m = 4.

m=4
M1 (t)
B

3(1+1)

M1 (t) =

j=0

b4,1 (j)(4t j)

B
2
3
4
3
2
1
1
M1 (4t)+ M1 (4t1)+ M1 (4t2)+ M1 (4t3)+ M1 (4t4)+ M1 (4t5)+ M1 (4t6).
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
k = 2

k = 3

m=3

j)
k=0
1
3
1
9
1
27

k=1
k=2
k=3

2
3
3
9
4
27

3
3
6
9
10
27

2
3
7
9
16
27

1
3
6
9
19
27

b3,k (j)

3
9
16
27

1
9
10
27

4
27

1
27

1
16
20
64

10
64

k = 0, 1, 2, 3

m=4

j)
k=0
k=1
k=2
k=3

1
1
4
1
16
1
64

2
4
3
16
4
64

3
4
6
16
10
64

4
4
10
16
20
64

3
4
12
16
31
64

2
4
12
16
40
64
b4,k (j)

1
4
10
16
44
64

6
16
40
64

3
16
31
64

k = 0, 1, 2, 3

bm,k (j)
m=3
2(k+1)

Mk (t) =

j=0

b3,k (j)(3t j)

4
64

1
64

b3,k (j) =

1
[b3,k1 (j 2) + b3,k1 (j 1) + b3,k1 (j)]
3

k = 1, 2, . . . ,
j = 0, 1, . . . 2(k +1)
b3,k1 (j 1)
b3,k1 (j 2)

j<0

0.

j > 2(k +1) b3,k1 (j)

m=4

3(k+1)

Mk (t) =

j=0

b4,k (j) =

b4,k (j)(4t j)

1
[b4,k1 (j 3) + b4,k1 (j 2) + b4,k1 (j 1) + b4,k1 (j)]
4

k = 1, 2, . . . ,
j = 0, 1, . . . , 3(k + 1)
j
b4.k1 (j) b4,k1 (j 1) b4,k1 (j 2)
b4,k1 (j 3)
b4,3 (4) =

j < 0

j > 3(k + 1)

0.

1
[b4,2 (1) + b4,2 (2) + b4,2 (3) + b4,2 (4)]
4

1
b4,3 (4) =
4

3
6
10 12
+
+
+
16 16 16 16

31
.
64

m bm,k (j)
m
(m1)(k+1)

Mk (t) =

j=0

bm,k (j)(mt j)

bm,0
bm,0 = {11 , 12 , . . . , 1m1 , 1m }
k = 1, 2, . . . ,

m
j = 0, 1, . . . , (m 1)(k + 1)
bm,k (j) =

m
bm,k

m1
1
bm,k1 (j l).
m
l=0

1
m

j > (m 1)(k + 1)

1
3.

b3,2 (3)

bm,k (j)

m
j<0

3, 2, 1

b3,1 (j)

B
B
b3,k (j) j Z

C(z) :=

b3,k (j)z j

j=

C(z) =

1 + z + z2
3

(1 + z + z ) =

(1 + z + z 2 ).

(1 + z + z 2 )

k=0

(0)
aj z j ,

(0)
aj

j=

(0)

{1, 1, 1} .

(0)

1,
0,

j=0
j = 0, 1

(0)

1 + z + z 2 = a0 + a 1 z + a 2 z 2

(0)

a0 = 1
(0)

a1 = 1
(0)

a2 = 1
k = 1, 2, . . .

k=1

C1 (z) =
(0)

1 + z + z2

(0)

1 + z + z2
3

(1 + z + z 2 )

(0)

a0 + a1 z + a 2 z 2
C1 (z) =

(1)
a0

(1)
a1 z

(1)
a2 z 2

(a0 + a1 z + a2 z 2 ).

1 + z + z2
3

(1)
a3 z 3

(0)

(0)

1 + z + z2
3

(0)

(0)

(0)

(0)

(a0 + a1 z + a2 z 2 )

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(0)

(1)

a0 + a1 z + a 2 z 2 + a3 z 3 + a4 z 4 =

(0)

(0)

(0)

(0)

(0)

(0)

(0)

(0)

a + a1
a + a1 + a2 2 a1 + a2 3 a2 4
a0
+ 0
z+ 0
z +
z +
z
3
3
3
3
3

(0)

(1)

a0 =
(1)

a1 =
(1)

a2 =
(1)

a3 =
(1)

a4 =

(0)

(0)

a2 + a1 + a0
3
(0)
(0)
(0)
a1 + a0 + a1
3
(0)
(0)
(0)
a 0 + a1 + a2
3
(0)
(0)
(0)
a 1 + a2 + a3
3
(0)
(0)
(0)
a 2 + a3 + a4
3

1
3

2
3
3
=
2
2
=
3
1
=
3
=

k=2

C2 (z) =

1+z+z 2
3

1 + z + z2
3

(1 + z + z 2 )

C2 (z) =

1 + z + z2
3

(1)

1 + z + z2
3

(1)

(1)

(1 + z + z 2 )

(1)

(1)

a0 + a1 z + a 2 z 2 + a3 z 3 + a4 z 4

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(a0 + a1 z + a2 z 2 + a3 z 3 + a4 z 4 ).

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
a0 +a1 z+a2 z 2 +a2 z 3 +a3 z 4 +a4 z 4 +a5 z 5 +a6 z 6

1 + z + z2
3

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

(a0 +a1 z+a2 z 2 +a3 z 3 +a4 z 4 )

(1)

a0
9
(1)
(1)
a + a1
(2)
a1 = 0
9
(1)
(1)
(1)
a + a1 + a2
= 0
9
(1)
(1)
(1)
a + a2 + a3
= 1
9
(1)
(1)
(1)
a + a3 + a4
= 2
9
(1)
(1)
a + a4
(2)
a5 = 3
9
(1)
a
(2)
a6 = 4
9
(2)

a0 =

(2)

a2

(2)

a3

(2)

a4

b3,k (j) =

1 + z + z2
3

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

1
9
3
9
6
9
7
9
6
9
6
9
1
9

b3,k1 (j).

b3,k (j)
ck (j)

ck (j) =

1
2k

0,

k+1
j

j = 0, 1, . . . , k + 1
j<0

bm,k (j)

n
k 1 , k2 , . . . , k m

n!
=
=
k1 !k2 ! km !

k1
k1

k1 + k 2
k2

j >k+1

m > 2

k 1 + k 2 + + km
km

i=1

i
j=1

ki

kj

(m1)(k+1)

Mk (t) =

j=0

m = 2, 3, 4,
B

bm,k (j)(mt j)

P (0) := [p0 , p1 , . . . , pm ],
P (0)

pj Rn , j = 0, 1, . . . m

P (1)

2m

P (0)

P (1) .

b2j := pj ,
b2j+1 :=

(1)

pj

:=

j = 0, 1, . . . , m

1
(pj + pj+1 ) ,
2

1
(bj + bj+1 ) ,
2

k = 2

j = 0, 1, . . . , m 1

j = 0, 1, . . . , 2m 1
P (n)

pj Rn , j Z,

Sk (t) =

j=

pj Mk (t j),

< t < .
pj , j Z

P= [{pj }jZ ]
B
2(k+1)

Mk (t) =

b3,k (l)(3t l)

l=0

b3,k
Mk (t j)

k = 0, 1, 2, 3

Sk (t) =

pj

j=

Sk (t) =

pj

j=

l=

l=

b3,k (l)Mk (3(t j) l)

b3,k (l)Mk (3t (3j + l)) .

l

Sk (t) =

j= h=

Sk (t) =

h=

(1)
ph

:=

j=

j=

Sk (t) =

h = 3j + l,

pj b3,k (h 3j)Mk (3t h)

b3,k (h 3j)pj

b3,k (h 3j)pj ,

h=

(1)

Mk (3t h).

h Z.

ph Mk (3t h)

B
(1)
ph

Sk ,

h Z

Mk (3t h)

Sk (t) =

(2)

h=

(2)

ph :=

ph Mk (32 t h),

(1)

j=

h Z.

b3,k (h 3j)pj ,

Sk (t) =

(n)

h=

(n)

ph :=

j=

ph Mk (3n t h),

(n1)

b3,k (h 3j)pj

h Z.

(n)

pj , j Z,

P (n) , n = 1, 2, . . . ,
pj , j Z.

P
B

(0)
pj

:= pj,
n = 1, 2, . . . ,

j Z.
(n)

pj

:=

l=

(n1)

b3,k (j 3l)pl

k=2

j Z.

k=2

k=2

b3,2 (j)
(0, 0)

(1)

pj
(0)

(0)

pj

p1 = (1, 2)

(0)

p2 = (3, 2)

(0)

p1

(0)

p2 = (3, 2)

2
3

1
3

= (1, 2)

(1)

p7

= ( 53 , 2)

(1)

p8

= ( 73 , 2)

2
9

B
(0)

pj

:= pj , j Z.
B

k=2
j = 1, 2, . . . ,

1 (n1)
(n1)
2pj1 + pj
3

1 (n1)
(n)
(n1)
pj1 + 2pj
p3j+2 =
3

1 (n1)
(n)
(n1)
(n1)
.
pj1 +7pj
p3j+3 =
+ pj+1
9
(n)

p3j+1 =

k=2

(0)

p0

(0)

p4

B
B
B

B
B
b3,4

j
k=4

1
81

5
81

15
81

30
81

45
81

51
81

45
81

b3,k (j)

30
81

k = 4.

15
81

5
81

1
81

B
B

B
(0)
pj

:= pj , j Z.
B

k=3
j = 1, 2, . . . ,

1
(n1)
(n1)
(n1)
10pj1 +16pj
+ pj+1
27

1 (n1)
(n)
(n1)
(n1)
4pj1 +19pj
p5j+2 =
+ 4pj+1
27

1 (n1)
(n)
(n1)
(n1)
.
pj1 +16pj
p5j+3 =
+ 10pj+1
27
(n)

p5j+1 =

j
B

P (n) , n = 1, 2, . . . ,

Sk (t)
pi pi+1 M

t R,
d(Sk (t), P (n) ) 0,

n .

k=2
t R,
d(Sk (t), P (n) ) 0,

n .

S2 (t)
S2 (t) =

(n)

h=

tR

j
3n

pl M2 (3n (t

j+1
3n

S2 (t) =

l=j2

h
)),
3n

t R.

j Z.
(n)

pl M2 (3n (t

l
)).
3n

P.
i Z.

l=j2

M (3n (t

(n)

M2 (3n (t 3ln )) 0, S2 (t)

S2 (t)

n = 0, 1, . . . ,

l
)) = 1
3n
(n)

(n)

pj2 , pj1 , pj .

(n)
(n)
(n)
(n)
d(S2 (t), P (n) ) pj pj1 + pj1 pj2 2Ln

(n)
(n)
Ln := sup pi pi+1 : i Z .

(n1)
(n)
(n)
(n1)
p3j+1 p3j+2 = pj1 pj

1
(n)
(n)
p3j+1 p3j+2 Ln1
3

(n1)
(n)
(n)
(n1)
(n1)
pj+1
p3j+2 p3j+3 = 2pj1 pj
9

1
(n)
(n)
p3j+2 p3j+3 (3Ln1 )
9

1
(n)
(n)
p3j+2 p3j+3 Ln1 .
3

1
(n)
(n)
pi pi+1 Ln1 ,
3
Ln

i Z,

1
1
Ln1 n L0 .
3
3

d(S2 (t), P (n) )

1
3n1

L0 0

n .

P (0)

(k = 2)

P (1)

(n)

p3j+1 =
(n)

p3j+2 =
(n)

p3j+3 =
j

1 (n1)
(n1)
2pj1 + pj
3

1 (n1)
(n1)
pj1 + 2pj
3

1 (n1)
(n1)
(n1)
pj1 +7pj
+ pj+1
9
j0

jf

n=1
j0 jf

n=2
j0 jf

n=3
j0
jf

n=4
j0
jf

(n)

p3j+1
(n)

p3j+2
(n)

p3j+3

3n (m k + 1) + k
n
B

m
m=4

k
k=2
11 = 3n (m k + 1) + k

= 31 (4 2 + 1) + 2
= 32 (4 2 + 1) + 2
= 33 (4 2 + 1) + 2
= 34 (4 2 + 1) + 2

n=1
n=2
n=3
n=4

= 3n (m k + 1) + k
n