Man As A Psycho Social Being 2-1

Concept of Man
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Lecturer: Francis Obmerga, RN
General Objective: After varied classroom activities, the students will be able to explain the nature of man as a psychosocial being.
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Specific Objective: To discuss or describe the following: Nature of Man as a Psychosocial Being The Process of Communication Elements of Communication Levels of Communication Forms of Communication Phases of Helping Relationship Factors Promoting Effective Communication Within Helping Relationship Rapport Builders Developing Therapeutic Communication Skills Interviewing Skills Blocks to Communication
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Nature of Man as a Psychosocial Being

1. 2.
3.
Man is a unique, irreplaceable individual, a one time being in this world Man is capable of rational, logical thinking most of the time but can become irrational and illogical when provoked. Man is a social being who is capable of relating with others.
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MAN as a Psychosocial Being
1.
Nature of Man as a Psychosocial Being Man is a unique, irreplaceable individual, a one time being in this world
UNIQUE It is strange to think of man so alike another yet totally unlike any other person who has ever lived or ever will live. He may be the next person in his choice of residence, dress, recreation with friends but for sure, he will not fail to put his own stamp of individuality on these e.g. subdivision houses, passenger jeepneys. Man being unique has inalienable rights and responsibilities (HUMAN RIGHTS) IRREPLACEABLE To be irreplaceable means that an entity cannot be changed for another e.g. transplants, prosthesis ONE TIME BEING IN THIS WORLD Because man is a one time being in this world, when he dies, he ceases to exist (physically). There is not a second chance of living. What may be left of him to indicate his temporal presence will be a few momentous, which some thoughtful person will collect in his memory. Unlike plant, he cannot wither in times of drought only to sprout a new shoot when conditions later become more favorable.
2.
Nature of Man as a Psychosocial Being Man is capable of rational, logical thinking most of the time but can become irrational and illogical when provoked.
His rational side makes him merciful, kind and compassionate while his irrational side make him commit criminal acts against another e.g. crimes of passion. One may never admit to any degree of immaturity but Travelbee points out that man retains a certain amount of immaturity well within an outer shell of maturity. In some persons, this core may be very small so that their immaturity is hard to detect but in others, the core is big and the degree of immaturity is easy to detect in the person s manner, speech and thought.
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3.
Nature of Man as a Psychosocial Being Man is a social being who is capable of relating with others.
From birth, he is endowed with the capacity to know, to like, to love and respond to and appreciate the uniqueness of others. He is able to evoke opposite responses when circumstances within the environment or within himself are just right but he can also easily change from social amiability to social hostility, disliking, mistrusting and hating others when circumstances are adverse. Man is being made to share life with others. Man can grow and develop significant interrelationships with others.
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Communication
The process of exchanging information and the process of generating and transmitting meanings between two or more individuals.
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Elements of Communication Process 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Referent Stimulus Sender or Encoder or Source Message Channels Receiver or Decoder or Listener Feedback or Response
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Elements of Communication Process 1. Referent Stimulus motivates a person to communicate with another. It may be an idea, object, emotion idea or act.
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Elements of Communication Process 2. Sender or Encoder or Source is the person who initiates the interpersonal communication or message, person who wishes to convey a message to another. This term includes the concept that the person sending the message first must have an idea or reason for communicating (source) and second, must put the idea or feeling into a form that can be transmitted e.g. words, tone of the voice, gestures
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Elements of Communication Process 3. Message is the information that is being sent or expressed by the sender. It is what is actually said or written, the body language that accompanies the words and how it is transmitted.
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Elements of Communication Process 4. Channels are the means of conveying the message such as through visual, auditory or tactile senses.
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Elements of Communication Process 5. Receiver or Decoder or Listener is the person to whom the message is sent. This person must perceive what the sender intended (sensation) and then analyzes the information received (interpretation). Perception involves use of all the senses to receive all verbal and nonverbal messages. To decode means to relate the message perceived to the receiver s storehouse of knowledge and experience and sort out the meaning of the message.
Elements of Communication Process 6. Feedback or Response is the message that the receiver returns to the sender. It helps to reveal whether the meaning of the message is received. Feedback can be either positive or negative.
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Levels of Communication
1. 2. 3.
Intrapersonal self talk, is the communication that happens within the individual Interpersonal occurs between two or more people with the goal of exchange messages. Group (Public) includes small group and organizational communication.
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Forms of Communication
1. 2.
Verbal Communication involves spoken or written words. Non verbal Communication is transmission of messages without the use of words.
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Non-verbal Communication
a. Body language Eye contact Touch Facial Expression Posture Gait Gestures General Physical Appearance Mode of dress and Grooming Sounds Silence b. Sign Language, Morse Code, Semaphore c. Iconic
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Phases of Helping Relationship

1. 2. 3.
Orientation Phase Working Phase Termination Phase
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Factors Promoting Effective Communication Within Helping Relationship
1. Warmth and Friendliness 2. Openness and Respect 3. Empathy 4. Honesty, Authenticity and Trust 5. Caring 6. Competence
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Rapport Builders
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Special Objectives Comfortable Environment Privacy Confidentiality Patient versus Task Focus Using Nursing Observation Optimal Spacing Respecting Personal Space
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Developing Therapeutic Communication Skills

1. Conversation skills 2. Listening skills 3. Silence 4. Touch 5. Humor
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Conversation Skills
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h.
Control the tone of your voice Be knowledgeable about the topic of the conversation and have accurate information Be flexible Be clear and concise, and make statements as simple as possible Avoid words that might have different interpretations Be truthful Keep an open mind Take advantage of available opportunities
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Listening Skills
a. b. c. d.
e. f. g. h.
Do not cross your arms and legs Be alert and relaxed Keep conversation as natural as possible If culturally appropriate, maintain eye contact with the patient, without staring, in a face to face pose. Use appropriate facial expressions and body gestures Think before responding Do not pretend to listen Listen for themes in the patient s comment
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Silence - allows the person to organize thoughts, process information and think intrapersonally, it shows interest and accepts any reason and response Touch powerful means of communication with multiple meanings Humor increasingly valued as interpersonal skills and healing strategy both
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Interviewing Skills
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Open-ended Questions Closed Questions or Comments Validating Questions and Comments Clarifying Questions or Comments Reflective Questions or Comments Sequencing Questions or Comments Directing Questions or Comments Assertive Skills
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Blocks to Communication
1. Failure to perceived that the Client is a human being 2. Failure to Listen 3. Inappropriate Comments and Question 4. Changing the Subject-Matter 5. Giving False Assurance 6. Gossip and Rumor
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Man As A Psycho Social Being 2-1

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