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ToT on Cereal Crops, Fish and Vegetable Production for CARE staff

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cyKzi c ZKvjxb mvi cqvM


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100-120 m.wg 10 m.wg 20 m.wg

mZKZv: Nvjv cvwbZ I gNjv w`b eenvi Kiv

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cvUb bUi mvnvh mvii KvhKvwiZv cix v Kiv Riix

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Pjgv b

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gRy`Kvjxb eevcbv

Pjgv b

cvbv cwienb cwZ mbvZb cwZZ Wvg ev Gjywgwbqvgi nvwoZ cvbv cwienb:  cwienbi 10-12 N Uv c~e Lv` cqvM e KiZ ne  cwienb cvi `yB ZZxqvsk wUDeIqji cvwb I GK ZZxqvsk cyKzii cvwb gkvZ ne  cvbv fwZ cvi gyL Nb duvmi Rvj viv XK w`Z ne  cwienbKvj 2-3 N Uv A i A i cvi `yB/wZb fvM cvwb cwieZb KiZ ne  cwienbKvj cvi cvwb nvZ w`q Av `vwjZ KiZ ne, hvZ evZvm _K cvwbZ AwRb wgkZ cvi

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Pjgv b

 cwienbi Kgc 2 N Uv c~e Lv` cqvM e

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gRy`Kvjxb eevcbv
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Pjgv b

cwienb `~iZ (NUv) 10-12 10-12 10-12 10-12 10-12 3-4 3-4

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gRy`Kvjxb eevcbv

Pjgv b

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cvbv kvab

Pjgv b

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Pjgv b

 cwienb cvi cvwbi Zvcgvv I cyKzii cvwbi Zvcgvvq

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Pjgv b

 cwienb cv 15-20 wgwbU cyKzii cvwbZ fvwmq ivLZ ne

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Pjgv b

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myiK Lv`

Pjgv b

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myiK Lv`

Pjgv b

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Pjgv b

cyKzi PvlhvM gvQi Lv` Avwgli Pvwn`v wb cRvwZ Avwgli cwigvY cRvwZ Avwgli cwigvY ic:

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wewfb Lv` Dcv`vbi cywgvb


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gRy` cieZx eevcbv


cyywgvb (%) kKiv 48.8 52 32.38 34.97 3.7 2.1 76.6 83.62 82.7 32.1

Pjgv b

Avwgl 15.1 15.9 32-35 27.20 50-55 45-60 50-55 12.8 4.45 7.7 52.5

Pwe 18.9 5.4 13.44 13.18 12.22 7.87 12.36 3.0 2.80 3.2

gRy` cieZx eevcbv


Kg `vg gvb mb Lv` Zixi GKwU digyjv Avwgl (%) cqvR wb `qv nj:

Pjgv b

bxq Dcv`v Lv` cqvRbxq Dcv`vbi bi cwig Dcv`vbi Lv` Dcv`v Lv` cwigvY/ g~j/ g~j/KwR Dcv`vb vY KwR KwR b (%) (%) Lv` (UvKv) Lv` (UvKv) (Mvg) wdmwgj 10 55 5.50 100 40 4.00 mwilvi 25 32 8.00 250 25 6.25 Lj mqvweb 10 52.5 5.25 100 26 2.60 Lj Dcv`vbi evRvi g~j Dci wfw Ki ZixKZ Lvevii `vg KgZe Pvji nZ cvi ekx 50 15.4 7.70 500 18 9.00 Kzov AvUv 5 12.8 0.64 50 20 1.00

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Pjgv b

gRy` cieZx eevcbv


m~iK Lv` Zwi

Pjgv b

 wewfb aibi DcKiY eenvi Ki Lye mnRB gvQ I Mj`v wPswoi Lv` Zwi Kiv hvq|  c qvRbxq Lj Kgc 12-24 N Uv c~e wY cvwbZ wfwRq iL Dci _K fvmgvb Zjhy cvwb dj w`Z ne|  Pvji Kyov,f~wm I wdkwgj fvjfve Pvjywb Ki wbZ ne  Pvji Ly` eenvi Kiv nj m Ki wbZ ne  mg DcKiYjv GKwU cv wbq fvjfve gkvZ ne  AvUv cwigvY gZ cvwbZ dzwUq AvVvjv c`v_ Zwi KiZ ne  DcKiYjv AvVvjv c`v_ viv gL KvuB Zwi Ki QvU QvU ej evbvZ ne|

gRy` cieZx eevcbv

Pjgv b

m~iK Lv` cqvM mvaviYZ gvQ w`bi ejvq Lv` MnY Ki w`bi cqvRbxq Lvevi mgvb `yfvM Ki GKfvM mKvj 1011Uvq Ges Aci fvM weKj 3-4 Uvq cqvM Kiv nq|  KvcRvZxq gvQK cvwbi Dcwi Zj nZ 30 m.wg. wbP cvvk gvQK Lv` `qvi mgq cvwbZ gai Lv``vbx vcb Kiv DwPZ| Kvb KviY Lv``vbx eenvi Kiv me bv nj cwZw`b cyKzii Zjvq KqKwU wbw` RvqMvq Lvevi cqvM KiZ ne Kvc-wPswo/wks wgkPvli cyKzi cwZw`bi cqvRbxq Lvevi `yfvM fvM Ki GKfvM mKvj 6Uvi AvM Ges AviKevi mv 6Uvi ci cqvM KiZ nq|

gRy` cieZx eevcbv

Pjgv b

GdwmAvi-Lv` i cv i nvi (FCR Food Conversion Ratio) Lv` i cv i nvi njv Lv` cqvM Ges Lv` MnYi dj Rxei `wnK ewi AbycvZ| A_vr 1 KwR gvQ cZ hZ KwR Lvevi LvIqvZ nq, ZvnvB Lv` i cv i AbycvZ| Gd.wm.Avi = c `vbKZ Lv`/ `wnK ew `wnK ew = (AvniYKvjxb gvU IRb) - (gRy`Kvjxb gvU IRb) Lv`i cwigvY wbaviY t Kvc RvZxq gvQi `wnK IRbi `wbK Lv`i mv_Mo IRb (Mvg) Lv` cqvMi mK cwigvY (%) 1-5 10 5-10 5 10-50 50-500 3

gRy` cieZx eevcbv


gRy` cieZx mvi cqvM

Pjgv b

fvj djb cZ nj cyKzi wbqwgZ mvi w`Z ne| cyKzi cvKwZK Lv`i DcwwZi Dci wfw Ki mvi cqvM KiZ ne| mvii aib `wbK gvv/kZvsk Mvei 200 - 250 Mvg A_ev 300 - 400 Mvg Kv 100 - 125 Mvg Re mvi nuvmgyiMxi wev ivmvqwbK/ BDwiqv 3 - 4 Mvg hw`ARe mvi wUGmwc c qvM Kiv Mvg bv nq Zvnj `wbK wKwZ mvi 4 - 6 me `wbK gvvK 7 viv Y Ki mvvwnK ev 15 viv Y Ki cvwK gvv ei Ki c qvM KiZ ne|

gRy` cieZx eevcbv

Pjgv b

bgybvqb I niiv Uvbv: Kb, KLb Ges Kxfve bgybvqb: bgybvKiY nQ Ggb GKwU cwZ hvi gvag gvS gvS Rvji mvnvh gvQ ai cyKzii gvUvgywU mKj gvQi gvU IRb I ^v (ivM) m^ mgK aviYv jvf Kiv hvq| bgybvqb Kivi cqvRbxqZv  cyKzii gvU gvQi IRb Rvbv|  gvQi ew nvi Rvbv Ges cqvMKZ Lv`gvb m^ mgK aviYv bqv|  gvQK wK nvi Lvevi `qv `iKvi Zvnv wbi cY Kiv|  gvQi ^v cix v Kiv|  ivMv v gvQi ivM wbYq Ges cqvRbxq eev bqv|

gRy` cieZx eevcbv

Pjgv b

bgybvqbi mgq wKQz weeP welq  bgybvqbi mvweK Z_ cZ nj cwZwU cRvwZi gvU msLvi 5-10% gvQ aiZ ne|  bgybvqbi QvU-eo me mvBRi gvQ wbq bgybvKiY Kij fvj dj cvIqv hvq|  bgybvqbi eo Rvj eenvi Kiv fvj| Ze eo Rvji Afve QvU cyKzii SvuwK Rvj eenvi Kiv hve, Ze m cyKzii wewfb RvqMv _K gvQ ai bgybvKiY KiZ ne|  cZK bgybvqb eo Rvj `yB evii ewk Kvb fveB Uvbv wVK bq|  gvQ gRy`i GK _K `yB gvm ci bgybvKiY i KiZ ne Ges cZK gvm GKevi Ki bgybvqb KiZ ne|

gRy` cieZx eevcbv

Pjgv b

niiv Uvbv: cyKzii `yB cv nZ Ub hvi gvag Zjvi Kv`v DjU-cvjU Kiv hvq ZvKB niiv ej| `woZ BU ev h Kvb IRb eua niiv Kiv hvq| niiv Zix Zwii Rb gvSLvb wQ`hy cvovgvwUi Zwi wekl aibi wU evRvi wKbZ cvIqv hvq| cyKzii Gcvo GKRb Icvo GKRb `vuwoq cyKzii GK cvk _K Ab cvk niiv Ub hZ ne| GB fve cici `yevi Uvbj fvj nq| niiv Uvbvi dj cyKzii Zjvi wZKi Mvm mg~n `~ixfyZ nq| mvaviYZ: gvm 2 evi A_vr 15 w`b ci ci niiv UvbZ nq| G QvovI cqvRb AviI ekx evi niiv Uvbv hZ cvi|

gRy` cieZx eevcbv


AvniY, evRviRvZKiY I cybtgRy`

Pjgv b

AvniY I evRviRvZKiY: jvfRbKfve gvQ Pvli Rb mwVK mgq I mwVK cwZZ AvniY Acwinvh| cyKzi nZ `yfve gvQ AvniY Kiv hvq:  AvswkK AvniY  m~Y AvniY gvQ AvniYi mvaviY weeP welqjv nPQK) gvQi AvKvi I IRb L) evRvi g~j M) SuywK gvQi AvKvi I IRb: A_bwZKfve ekx jvfi Rb AcvKZ eo gvQ jvK AvniY Ki QvU jvK eo nIqvi myhvM Ki `Iqv DwPZ| wb DjwLZ nvi gvQi IRb njB AvniY Kiv DwPZ  KvZjv: 500 Mvg,  wmjfvi Kvc I cvmKvc: 750 Mvg ev Zvi ekx  iB: 400- 500 Mvg ev Zvi ekx

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AvniY, evRviRvZKiY I c~btgRy`

Pjgv b

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AvniY, evRviRvZKiY I c~btgRy`

Pjgv b

AvswkK AvniY KiYxq:  evRviRvZ DchvMx gvQ ai djZ ne  AvniYi ci ciB eo cvbv cybtgRy` KiZ ne  AvniYKZ msLvi Pq cwZwU cRvwZi kZKiv 20 wU cvbv ekx gRy` KiZ ne myY AvniY: evRviRvZKiYi DchvMx me gvQ Rvj Ub ev cyKzi wKq m~Y AvniY Kiv hvq| Ze cvwb m~Y Kvbvi c~e Rvj Ub hZ`~i me gvQ ai djZ ne|

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AvniY, evRviRvZKiY I c~btgRy`

Pjgv b

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AvniY, evRviRvZKiY I c~btgRy`

Pjgv b

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cvwbi Dci Nb meyR i jY:  cvwbi Dci kIjvi Nb i ci  gvQ cvwbi Dci fm Lvwe Lvq

Pjgv b

cwZKvi:  Lv` I mvi cqvM mvgwqKfve e ivLZ ne  cqvRb nj cvwb cwieZb KiZ ne  kZvsk cwZ 1 KwR nvi Pzb cqvM KiZ ne  wmjfvi Kvc Qo RweKfve wbq Y Kivi eev Kiv hZ cvi

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Pjgv b

cvwbi Dci jvj i  AwZwi j n A_ev BDMbv RvZxq kIjvi Rb cvwbi Dci jvj i ci cwZKvi:  avbi Lo ev KjvcvZv cuwPq `wo evwbq cvwbi Dci fm _vKv jvj i Ub Zzj djv hvq  kZvsk cwZ 100-125 Mvg BDwiqv mvi 2-3 evi wQwUq w`j fvj djvdj cvIqv hvq  wdUwKwi 100 Mvg/kZvsk nvi eenvi Kij fvj dj cvIqv hvq

cyKzi gvQ Pvl mvaviY mgmv I Zvi cwZKvimg~n

Pjgv b

cvwbi NvjvZ:  cyKzi cvwbi NvjvZ gvQ Pvli AbZg cavb mgmv| cyKzi AZwaK fvmgvb c`v_ ev z` gvwUi KYv NvjvZ mw Ki| GQvov ewi avqv cvwbZ cyKzi Nvjv nq hZ cvi| Gi dj m~hi Avjv cek evav cvq Ges cvwbZ Lv` nqbv| GgbwK dzjKv b Zix nq hZ cvi| cwZKvi:  kZvsk cwZ 1-2 KwR nvi cvov Pzb ev 1.5-2 KwR nvi wRcmvg cqvM KiZ ne  wdUwKwi 250 Mvg/kZvsk nvi w`jI NvjvZ `~i nq  kZvsk cwZ 1 KwR Lo AvwU eua cvwbZ Wzweq eenvi Kiv hZ cvi  cyKzii cvo fvjfve givgZ KiZ ne, hvZ ewi mgq cvo f cvwb Nvjv bv nq Ges evwni _K ewi cvwb XzKZ bv cvi

cyKzi gvQ Pvl mvaviY mgmv I Zvi cwZKvimg~n

Pjgv b

Avijvwmm (gvQi DKzb) t me aibi gvQ G ivM nZ cvi| mvaviYZ gvQi cvLbv I AvuBki dvuK Avijvm bvgK GK cKvi ciRxex viv gvQ Av v nq| Mx I elvKvj Avijvmi Av gb ewk nq _vK| j Y  gvQ Aweivg QvUvQzwU KiZ _vK  gvQi Mvq G ciRxex jM _vKZ `Lv hvq Lvwj PvLB  gvQ k wRwbmi m Mv NlZ _vK  `ni wewfb vb jvM Zi mw nq cwZKvi  10 wj. cvwbZ 200 Mvg jeY wgwkq H `eY gvQK Mvmj Kivbv  cyKzi 6-12 Mvg/kZvsk/dzU nvi wWcUvi ci ci 3 mvn cqvM A_ev  mywgw_qb 2-3 wgwj/kZvsk/dzU nvi ci ci 3 mvn

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