Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
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Paul Gremaud and Shaun Siegel
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Topics to be Addressed
1. General Overview of the Thermal Design of a HRSG
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Tube Materials
SA-213 T91 HP Superheaters and Reheaters where tube wall temperature exceeds T23/T22/T11 limits SA-213 T23 HP Superheaters with high MAWPs and tube wall temperatures with T22/T11 limits SA-213 T22/T11 HP Superheater and Reheater when tube wall temperatures above CS limits. LP evaporator for corrosion resistance.
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Finning Configurations
Fin Density 2.5 7.0 fpi Fin Height 0.25 1.0 Fin Thickness 0.039 0.059 Fin Segment 0.1772 for stainless and 0.15625 for CS
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Up Flow
Down Flow
2010 AEP BRO Forum
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Waterford Module #4
2010 AEP BRO Forum
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Vapor Lock
Vapor Lock When tube flow is not able to clear the return bend. Variables Heating surface arrangements Fluid temperature and pressure Flow through coil Most likely to occur in low pressure economizers
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Add stiffeners on the casing sidewall or floor Add intermediate liner pins Increase the thickness of the liner plate Install additional batten channels Additional liner stiffening backup angles
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What is the purpose of the distribution grid? Used to get proper flow distribution in the HRSG Typically required for units with supplemental firing
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Gas Flow
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Condensate Management
Water
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Condensate Management
Now what actually happens to cause this? Steam flow is low or prior to initiation of steam flow Water filling lower header and tubes blocks steam With low steam flow, only a few tubes clear Cleared tubes are steam cooled High expansion differences between hot and cool tubes Cooler tubes go into tension and potentially yield At cool down, tubes go into compression and buckle If there are bends, very high bending stresses created Normally no failure if the tubes are straight
2010 AEP BRO Forum
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Condensate Management
Avoid condensate moving between pressure levels or from other components Multiple pressure levels connected via blowdown or flash tank or other collection device It is possible to pressurize the collection device forcing water back into lower pressure components It is also possible to move condensate due to pressure differences between coils and external piping Recommend incorporating details to ensure adequate condensate removal.
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Condensate Management
Critical Issue - Draining of all piping low points 1. Piping normally at bottom of unit 2. Cross over piping between HP Superheaters or Reheaters 3. Inlet piping from interface on Cold Reheat lines
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Condensate Management
Test condensate detection and removal system in Reheater and HP Superheater drains
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Desuperheaters
Damage from desuperheater quenching
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Desuperheater
Drain pot
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Fixed Header
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LP Superheater
HP/IP Economizer
LP Evaporator
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Limit Ammonia salt formation Improve AIG design and tuning Improve NH3 control Add catalyst for lower slip design Delay ammonia feed at startup
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After Modifications
2010 AEP BRO Forum
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