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Chabner MTO for LOM, 8e Module 2 Quiz MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The process of breaking down complex substances to release energy is called _____. a. anabolism b. catabolism* c. metabolism d. botulism Rationale: The key to finding the correct answer here is to know the meanings of the prefixes ana- and cata-. Ana- means up and cata- means down. Anabolism is the process of building up complex substances from simpler parts, and catabolism is the process of breaking down complex substances into simpler ones. Metabolism is the sum total of the chemical processes occurring in a cell or the combined processes of anabolism and catabolism. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 35, 37, 55 MTO: Section I, Lessons 2.7-2.8, 2.10-2.11; Section II Word Shop; Section III Medical Report MULTIPLE CHOICE 2. The fundamental unit of all animals and plants is the _____. a. cell* b. gene c. mitochondria d. nucleus Rationale: The cell is the most basic unit of living plants and animals. Genes, mitochondria, and nuclei are all found within cells. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text page: 34 MTO: Section I, Lessons 1.3-1.4 MULTIPLE CHOICE 3. Each gene is composed of a regulatory chemical called _____. a. DNA* b. RNA c. endoplasmic reticulum d. cytoplasm

Rationale: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the carrier of genetic information. DNA regulates the activities of the cell according to its sequence (arrangement into genes) on each chromosome. RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is found in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells and transmits genetic instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, RNA functions in the assembly of proteins. The endoplasmic reticulum is where proteins are manufactured for use in the cell (anabolism). Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 35, 37 MTO: Section I, Lessons 1.8, 1.10-1.11 MULTIPLE CHOICE 4. The small pads of cartilage in the intervertebral spaces are called _____. a. disks* b. laminae c. vertebrae d. viscera Rationale: Disks are the shock absorbers between the vertebrae of the spinal column. They are composed of water and cartilage. You may have heard of a slipped disk. This occurs when a disk moves out of place (ruptures) and puts pressure on a nerve. Objective: Locate and name the anatomic divisions of the back. Text page: 49 MTO: Section I, Lesson 7.2 MULTIPLE CHOICE 5. Groups of different kinds of tissue combine to form _____. a. organelles b. organs* c. ribosomes d. systems Rationale: While tissues are formed from a collection of like cells, organs are composed of several different types of tissue. Together these tissues allow the organ to engage in a specific activity or process. Systems, like the digestive system or endocrine system, are groups of organs working together to perform complex functions. Organelles are particles of living substance bound within most cells, such as the mitochondria or the endoplasmic reticulum. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text page: 39 MTO: Section I, Lesson 3.8 MULTIPLE CHOICE 6. The _____ region of the abdomen is directly below the umbilical region.

a. epigastric b. hypogastric* c. inguinal d. hypochondriac Rationale: Medical professionals divide the abdominopelvic area into nine regions. The middle region below the belly button (also called the navel or the umbilicus) is called the hypogastric region. Objective: Locate and identify the anatomic and clinical divisions of the abdomen. Text pages: 46, 49, 55 MTO: Section I, Lesson 6.3 MULTIPLE CHOICE 7. The _____ regions of the abdomen are located to the right and left of the umbilical region. a. umbilical b. hypogastric c. lumbar* d. epigastric Rationale: Medical professionals divide the abdominopelvic area into nine regions. The lumbar regions are found on either side of the umbilical region. Lumbar is also a term that is used to identify the lower five vertebrae of the spine. Objective: Locate and identify the anatomic and clinical divisions of the abdomen. Text pages: 46, 49 MTO: Section I, Lesson 6.3 MULTIPLE CHOICE 8. The _____ region of the abdomen is located directly above the umbilical region. a. hypochondriac b. umbilical c. epigastric* d. hypogastric Rationale: The prefix epi- means above; the combining form gastr/o means stomach; and the suffix -ic means pertaining to. Epigastric means pertaining to above the stomach and refers to the abdominopelvic region located in the upper middle area above the stomach. Objective: Locate and identify the anatomic and clinical divisions of the abdomen. Text pages: 46, 49, 55 MTO: Section I, Lesson 6.3

MULTIPLE CHOICE 9. The hypo_____ regions of the abdomen are located to the right and left of the epigastric region. a. chondriac* b. gastric c. iliac d. umbilical Rationale: The hypochondriac regions are the upper right and left regions below (hypo-) the cartilage (chondr/o) of the ribs that extend over the abdomen. The only other abdominopelvic region identified with the prefix hypo- is the hypogastric region, which is the lower middle region below the umbilical region. Objective: Locate and identify the anatomic and clinical divisions of the abdomen. Text pages: 46, 49 MTO: Section I, Lessons 6.3-6.4; Section III, Case Study 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE 10. The ____ regions of the abdomen are located to the right and left of the hypogastric region. a. epigastric b. inguinal* c. hypochondriac d. umbilical Rationale: The inguinal regions are the lower right and left regions near the groin (inguin/o) where the legs join the trunk of the body. This region is also known as the iliac region because it is near the ilium (the upper part of the hip bone). Answer choices epigastric and hypochondriac cannot be correct because their prefixes epi- (above) and hypo- (below) contradict the right and left areas described in the question. The umbilical region is the region around the navel. Objective: Locate and identify the anatomic and clinical divisions of the abdomen. Text pages: 46, 49 MTO: Section I, Lessons 6.3-6.4; Section III, Medical Report MULTIPLE CHOICE 11. The _____ system includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. a. nervous b. urinary c. circulatory d. digestive*

Rationale: This one is just a matter of recognizing that the internal organs listed all play a role in digestion. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text page: 39 MTO: Section I, Lesson 4.2 MULTIPLE CHOICE 12. Antero_____ means from the front to the back of the body. a. posterior* b. coronal c. sagittal d. lateral Rationale: Break it down: anter/o means front; poster/o means back; anteroposterior means from the front to the back. Anteroposterior is commonly associated with the direction of the x-ray beam in radiography and is abbreviated AP. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 50, 52, 54 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.4; Section III, Case Study 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 13. _____ means pertaining to the head. a. cephalic* b. coronal c. caudal d. superior Rationale: You learned in Module 1 that the word root cephal means head. Cephalic (pertaining to the head) can also be used as a positional term to refer to a structure that is situated above another. In positioning an x-ray beam, a radiographer may direct the beam in a cephalad direction toward the head: -ad means toward; cephal/o means head. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 51-52 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.6-8.7 MULTIPLE CHOICE 14. _____ means pertaining to the tailbone. a. posterodorsal b. inguinal c. lumbosacral d. coccygeal*

Rationale: All the choices end with a suffix that means pertaining to (-al, -eal), so getting the correct answer depends on knowing the word for tailbone, which is coccyx. Coccyg/o is the combining form. The coccygeal region at the base of the spine consists of one small bone (coccyx) formed from the union of four vertebrae. Objective: Define combining forms for terms relating to the body as a whole and define new medical terms that use these word parts. Text pages: 48-49, 53 MTO: Section I, Lessons 7.3-7.4, 7.7 MULTIPLE CHOICE 15. _____ is toward the coccyx or feet. The opposite direction is ______. a. cephalic, caudal b. medial, lateral c. caudal, cephalic* d. superior, inferior Rationale: While the different answer choices are all possibilities, the correct answer is caudal, cephalic. Like inferior, the term caudal (pertaining to the tail or to the lower portion of the body) means away from the head or below another structure. Like superior, the term cephalic (pertaining to the head) can also mean above another structure. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 51-52 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.6-8.7 MULTIPLE CHOICE 16. _____ means pertaining to the back of the body. Its opposite direction is _____. a. inferior, superior b. distal, proximal c. cephalic, caudal d. dorsal, ventral* Rationale: Dorsal and posterior are both terms that refer to the back side of the body. Thinking of the dorsal fin on the back of a dolphin or a shark might help you remember this term. Ventral and anterior are both terms that refer to the front side of the body. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 50, 52-53, 55 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.4, 8.7, 8.10; Section III, Case Study 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 17. _____ means toward the side. Its opposite direction is _____. a. ventral, dorsal b. medial, lateral

c. lateral, medial* d. posterior, anterior Rationale: You can quickly narrow the choices down if you know that later/o means side. Lateral is defined as pertaining to the side or toward the side of the body, away from the midline. If a body part is described as being lateral to another, it is to the side of that structure. For example, the lungs are lateral to the heart. Conversely, the heart is medial to the lungs. Medial means pertaining to the middle (medi/o) or toward the midline of the body. The heart lies between, or in the middle of, the lungs. The correct answers can only be lateral, medial. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 51-53 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.8, 8.10; Section III, Case Study 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 18. The diaphragm lies _____ to the lungs. a. anterior b. inferior* c. superior d. posterior Rationale: To get the correct answer, you must know that the diaphragm lies below the lungs and that the term inferior means below another structure. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 51-52 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.6; Section III, Case Study 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 19. The eyes and nose are on the _____ side of the body. a. supine b. ventral* c. posterior d. dorsal Rationale: Supine can be ruled out right away because it refers to a posture of the body (lying on the back). Posterior and dorsal can be ruled out because they both mean the same thing (back side). Ventral is the correct choice: The eyes and nose are on the front (ventral) side of the body. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 50, 52 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.4; Section III, Case Study 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 20. The foot is at the _____ end of the lower leg.

a. deep b. medial c. lateral d. distal* Rationale: The terms proximal and distal describe the relationship of a structure to the trunk of the body or to the structure's point of origin. Distal means away from the point of attachment or origin, and proximal means near that point. The foot is at the distal end of the lower leg, just like the hand is at the distal end of the lower arm. Medial means pertaining to the middle or near the medial plane of the body and lateral means pertaining to the side of the body or a structure. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 51-53 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.9 MULTIPLE CHOICE 21. The position of reference used to describe body directions and planes is called _____. a. anatomic position* b. anterior position c. supine position d. upright position Rationale: When using directional terms, it is assumed that the body is in the standard neutral position of reference known as anatomic position. This makes sense because it is the position of reference to discuss anatomy and anatomic relationships. In anatomic position, the body is standing, facing directly forward, with the arms hanging down at the sides and the palms facing forward. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text page: 50 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.2-8.3 MULTIPLE CHOICE 22. The hand is at the _____ end and the elbow is at the _____ end of the lower arm. a. proximal, distal b. lateral, medial c. distal proximal* d. ventral, dorsal Rationale: The question asks about the relative relationship of the hand and elbow to the lower arm. The elbow is at the start of the lower arm, so the elbow is proximal to it. The hand is farther away from the point where the lower arm originates, so it is distal to the lower arm. You can remember the meanings of proximal and distal if you associate in close proximity and distant with the terms, respectively.

Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 50-54 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.9 MULTIPLE CHOICE 23. In anatomic position, the thumb is _____ to the body. a. lateral* b. anterior c. coronal d. posterior Rationale: In anatomic position, the palms face outward so that the thumbs are pointing away from the body. This means that they are lateral (to the side, away from the midline) of the body. The terms anterior and posterior refer to the front (ventral) and back (dorsal) sides of the body, respectively. Coronal is term that describes the vertical plane of the body that divides it into the anterior and posterior portions. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text page: 50 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.8, 8.10 MULTIPLE CHOICE 24. A cephalocaudal pattern of development means that motor development, control, and coordination maturation progresses from the _____. a. back to the front b. front to the back c. feet to the head d. head to the feet* Rationale: Let's break it down: cephal/o = head. Caudal, or inferior, describes something being below another structure. So, cephalocaudal means from the head to the feet because the feet are below, or inferior to, the head. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 51-52 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.6-8.7 MULTIPLE CHOICE 25. Mr. Wei could not move his left leg in a medial position. This means he could not _____. a. bend his knee b. move his leg away from his body c. move his leg toward the middle of his body* d. raise his leg

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Rationale: It's easy to remember that medial means toward the middle or the midline of the body, so keep that in mind when using this term. If Mr. Wei could not move his leg away from his body, you could say he could not move it in a lateral position. Lateral can mean away from the midline. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 51-53 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.8, 8.10 MULTIPLE CHOICE 26. Daren periodically undergoes dilation of his esophagus for a stricture suffered from swallowing a poisonous substance. The esophagus is located in which body cavity? a. abdominal b. cranial c. spinal d. thoracic* Rationale: If you don't know that the esophagus is in the thoracic cavity, you can start to find the correct answer through a process of elimination. It's clear that the esophagus is not part of the abdominal or spinal cavities, and it may be just as clear that the esophagus, through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach, is not part of the cranial cavity where the brain sits. The lungs, heart, trachea, bronchial tubes, thymus gland, and aorta are also found in the thoracic cavity. Objective: Identify body cavities and recognize the organs contained within those cavities. Text pages: 40, 42 MTO: Section I, Lessons 5.2, 5.4-5.5, 5.7, 5.9-5.10 MULTIPLE CHOICE 27. A lateral chest x-ray is taken in the sagittal plane. A sagittal plane divides the body into _____. a. anterior and posterior portions b. right and left sides* c. upper and lower portions d. proximal and distal portions Rationale: The sagittal, or lateral, plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sides. The midsagittal plane divides the body into right and left halves or equal sides. Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text pages: 51-52 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.5

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MATCHING FIGURE 02QUIZ)_Q28 28. Match the correct term to the structures of a cell. [Revise Chabner 8e Fig 2-4. See hard copy.]

1. ribosome 2. nucleus 3. mitochondria 4. cell membrane 5. endoplasmic reticulum 6. cytoplasm A=4 B=2 C=1 D=6 E=5 F=3 Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 34-35 MTO: Section I, Lessons 1.3, 1.5. 1.7, 1.10, 2.6, 2.9

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MATCHING FIGURE 02QUIZ_Q29 29. Match the correct term to the major body cavities. [Revise Chabner Fig 2-36. See hard copy.]

1. abdominal 2. cranial 3. pelvic 4. spinal 5. thoracic A=5 B=1 C=3 D=2 E=4 Objective: Identify body cavities and recognize the organs contained within those cavities. Text pages: 40-45 MTO: Section I, Lessons 5.2-5.11

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MATCHING FIGURE 02QUIZ_Q30 30. Match the correct term to the abdominopelvic region shown. [Revise Chabner Fig 2-44. See hard copy.]

a. right iliac region b. left iliac region c. epigastric region d. right hypochondriac region e. hypogastric region f. right lumbar region g. umbilical region h. left hypochondriac region i. left lumbar region 1=d 2=c 3=h 4=f 5=g 6=i 7=a 8=e 9=b Objective: Locate and identify the anatomic and clinical divisions of the abdomen. Text pages: 46, 49 MTO: Section I, Lessons 6.3-6.4, 6.7, 6.9

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MATCHING FIGURE 02QUIZ_Q31 31. Match the correct term to the divisions of the back. [Revise Chabner Fig. 2-49. See hard copy.]

1. lumbar 2. sacrum 3. coccyx 4. thoracic 5. cervical A=5 B=4 C=1 D=2 E=3 Objective: Locate and name the anatomic divisions of the back. Text pages: 47-49 MTO: Section I, Lessons 7.3-7.4, 7.7 MATCHING 32. The part of the cell that regulates what passes into and out of the cell: a. cell membrane* b. nucleus c. mitochondria d. cytoplasm e. endoplasmic reticulum Rationale: The cell membrane protects the structures enclosed within the cell and regulates the exchange of materials between the cell and its environment.

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Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 34, 37 MTO: Section I, Lesson 1.3 MATCHING 33. Regions of DNA within each chromosome: a. karyotype b. genes* c. helix d. ribosomes e. mitochondria Rationale: Chromosomes contain regions called genes. Each gene is composed of a chemical called DNA that determines heredity. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 35, 37 MTO: Section I, Lessons 2.2, 2.4 MATCHING 34. Rod-like structures within the nucleus: a. ribosomes b. genes c. chromosomes* d. karyotypes e. DNA Rationale: Chromosomes are rod-like structures in the nucleus. Ribosomes are granular. A karyotype of normal chromosomes within the nucleus shows 23 pairs of rod-like structures. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 34, 37 MTO: Section I, Lessons 2.1-2.2, 2.4, 2.14; Section II, Word Shop MATCHING 35. Sausage-shaped bodies within the cytoplasm where catabolism takes place: a. nuclei b. ribosomes c. genes d. endoplasmic reticulum e. mitochondria* Rationale: The mitochondria produce energy by burning food in the presence of oxygen. This is a chemical process whereby complex foods like sugar and fat are broken down

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into simpler substances. The catabolism of sugar and fat releases energy that cells require for work. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 35, 37 MTO: Section I, Lessons 2.6-2.7, 2.15 MATCHING 36. Network of canals within the cytoplasm where proteins are manufactured for use in the cell: a. ribosomes b. mitochondria c. endoplasmic reticulum* d. DNA e. genes Rationale: Ribosomes may have caught your eye because they are found within the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes are the small, granular structures that actually manufacture proteins. However, the question asks about the network of canals within a cell, and the correct answer is endoplasmic reticulum. Reticulum means network. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 35, 37 MTO: Section I, Lessons 2.9, 2.14 MATCHING 37. The substance of a cell that contains the specialized apparatus to supply the chemical needs of the cell: a. nucleus b. DNA c. mitochondria d. cytoplasm* e. endoplasmic reticulum Rationale: Cytoplasm is the gelatinous substance inside the cell membrane that surrounds the nucleus; it includes all material outside the nucleus. The specialized apparatus within the cytoplasm are the mitochondria, where catabolism takes place, and the endoplasmic reticulum, where anabolism takes place. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 35, 37 MTO: Section I, Lessons 1.5, 1.10, 2.14; Section II, Word Shop MATCHING 38. Directs cell division and determines the structure and function of the cell: a. cell membrane

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b. nucleus* c. chromosomes d. genes e. karyotypes Rationale: The nucleus controls the operations of the cell. Chromosomes are found within the nucleus. Chromosomes contain regions called genes that are composed of a chemical called DNA. DNA directs the activities of the cells, such as cell division and the synthesis of proteins, when it passes out of the nucleus. A karyotype is a map of the chromosomes within the nucleus showing their size, arrangement, and number. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 34, 37 MTO: Section I, Lessons 1.5, 1.7, 1.10, 2.3, 2.14 MATCHING 39. Body cavity where the pituitary gland is found: a. cranial* b. thoracic c. abdominal d. pelvic e. spinal Rationale: The pituitary gland is found in the cranial cavity beneath the brain. Objective: Identify body cavities and recognize the organs contained within those cavities. Text page: 40 MTO: Section I, Lessons 5.3, 5.7 MATCHING 40. Body cavity where the spleen is found: a. cranial b. thoracic c. abdominal* d. pelvic e. spinal Rationale: The spleen is found in the abdominal cavity, along with the stomach, large and small intestines, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. Objective: Identify body cavities and recognize the organs contained within those cavities. Text pages: 41, 45 MTO: Section I, Lessons 5.4, 5.6

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MATCHING 41. Type of tissue that forms the linings of internal organs: a. epithelial* b. muscle c. connective d. nerve Rationale: Epithelial tissue is found throughout the body. It lines the internal organs and forms the outer surface of the skin covering the body. It also lines the exocrine and endocrine glands. Epithelial tissue offers protection against injury, defends against disease-causing microorganisms, and performs the functions of secretion and absorption. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text page: 38 MTO: Section I, Lessons 2.13, 3.1-3.2, 3.9-3.10, 4.18 MATCHING 42. The abbreviation for the vertebrae in the neck: a. C1-C7* b. L1-L5 c. S1-S5 d. T1-T12 Rationale: There are seven cervical vertebrae (C1-7) that make up the neck region of the spine. T1-T12 are the 12 thoracic vertebrae, each of which is joined to a rib; L1-L5 are the five lumbar vertebrae; and S1-S5 are fused together to form the sacrum. Objective: Locate and name the anatomic divisions of the back. Text pages: 48-49 MTO: Section I, Lessons 7.3-7.4, 7.6-7.7; Section III, Case Study 3 MATCHING 43. The abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid: a. DXA b. DNA* c. DRN d. DXN Rationale: Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a chemical found within each chromosome and is arranged in a sequence that determines heredity. Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 35, 37 MTO: Section I, Lessons 1.8, 1.10-1.11, 2.14

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MATCHING 44. Combining form meaning fat: a. adip/o* b. kary/o c. viscer/o d. sacr/o Rationale: Adip/o (fat) + -ose (pertaining to or full of) = adipose. Adipose, or fatty, tissue is a type of connective tissue in the body. Objective: Define combining forms for terms relating to the body as a whole and define new medical terms that use these word parts. Text pages: 38, 40, 52 MTO: Section I, Lesson 3.5; Section II, Word Shop MATCHING 45. Combining form meaning nucleus: a. cyt/o b. hist/o c. bi/o d. kary/o* Rationale: Kary/o is the combining form that means nucleus. A karyotype (-type = picture or classification) is an image of the chromosomes within the nucleus that shows the form, number, size, and arrangement of the chromosomes. A karyotype can show congenital abnormalities by revealing whether the developing fetus has the correct number of chromosomes per cell. In Down syndrome, the karyotype shows 47 chromosomes instead of the expected 46. Cyt/o means cell; hist/o means tissue; and bi/o means life. Objective: Define combining forms for terms relating to the body as a whole and define new medical terms that use these word parts. Text pages: 35, 37, 53 MTO: Section I, Lesson 2.3; Section II, Part Puzzler MATCHING 46. Combining form meaning middle: a. mid/o b. midd/o c. medi/o* d. centr/o Rationale: The correct answer is medi/o. The other choices are not combining forms in the language of medicine. Objective: Define combining forms for terms relating to the body as a whole and define

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new medical terms that use these word parts. Text pages: 51-53 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.8; Section II, Fill-In MATCHING 47. Combining form meaning nearest: a. proxim/o* b. later/o c. dors/o d. anter/o Rationale: The combining form proxim/o means nearest. The new medical term you learned in this chapter, proximal, means near the point of attachment to the trunk of the body or near the beginning of a structure. For example, the proximal end of the upper arm bone joins with the shoulder bone. Objective: Define combining forms for terms relating to the body as a whole and define new medical terms that use these word parts. Text pages: 50, 52, 54 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.9-8.10 MATCHING 48. Combining form meaning neck: a. chondr/o b. chrom/o c. cyt/o d. cervic/o* Rationale: Cervic/o means neck. You learned in this chapter that the bones in the neck region of the spine are called cervical vertebrae. The cervix is another anatomic structure that gets its name from this word root: The cervix is the neck of the uterus, the narrowest part of the lower uterus. Chondr/o means cartilage; chrom/o means color; and cyt/o means cell. Objective: Define combining forms for terms relating to the body as a whole and define new medical terms that use these word parts. Text pages: 48-49, 53 MTO: Section I, Lesson 7.3; Section II, Fill-In MATCHING 49. Combining form meaning belly side of the body: a. abdomin/o b. thorac/o c. gastr/o d. ventr/o*

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Rationale: The only combining form listed that relates to a directional term is ventr/o. Ventr/o means belly side of the body. When referring to humans, the terms anterior (anter/o = front) and ventral can be used interchangeably. Abdomin/o = abdomen; thorac/o = chest; and gastr/o = stomach. Objective: Define combining forms for terms relating to the body as a whole and define new medical terms that use these word parts. Text pages: 50, 52, 55 MTO: Section I, Lessons 8.4, 8.7 MATCHING 50. Combining form meaning internal organs: a. umbilic/o b. ventr/o c. viscer/o* d. vertebr/o Rationale: The medical term for the internal organs is viscera (sing., viscus), from the combining form viscer/o. The term viscera is used primarily to describe the abdominal organs. You may have heard of having a visceral reaction to something. This is another way of describing having a gut reaction or an instinctive reaction to something. Objective: Define combining forms for terms relating to the body as a whole and define new medical terms that use these word parts. Text pages: 39-40, 55 MTO: Section I, Lessons 3.8, 4.3, 4.18; Section II, Fill-In MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 51. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: karyotype.mp3] and choose the correct spelling. a. carotype b. caratype c. karyotype* d. karitype Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text page: 66 MTO: Section I, Lesson 2.3 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 52. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: Down syndrome.com] and choose the correct spelling. a. Down syndrome* b. Down's sindrome

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c. Down syndrom d. Downe syndrome Objective: Identify terms that relate to the structural organization of the body. Text pages: 35-36 MTO: Section I, Lesson 2.5 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 53. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: proximal.mp3] and choose the correct spelling. a. proxomal b. proxamal c. proximle d. proximal* Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text page: 67 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.9 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 54. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: viscera.mp3] and choose the correct spelling. a. viscera* b. visera c. viscerae d. vissera Objective: Identify body cavities and recognize the organs contained within those cavities. Text page: 68 MTO: Section I, Lesson 3.8 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 55. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: pharynx.mp3] and choose the correct spelling. a. pharinx b. pharynx* c. pharrynx d. phaerynx Objective: Identify body systems and recognize that organs contained within those systems.

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Text page: 67 MTO: Section I, Lesson 4.2 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 56. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: inguinal.mp3] and choose the correct spelling. a. inguinel b. inguinal* c. inguenal d. inguinle Objective: Locate and identify the anatomic and clinical divisions of the abdomen. Text page: 66 MTO: Section I, Lesson 6.3 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 57. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: trachea.mp3] and choose the correct spelling. a. traychia b. trachia c. trachea* d. trackea Objective: Identify body systems and know the organs contained within those systems. Text page: 67 MTO: Section I, Lesson 4.8 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 58. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: lumbar.mp3] and choose the correct spelling. a. lumbarre b. lumber c. limbar d. lumbar* Objective: Locate and name the anatomic divisions of the back. Text page: 67 MTO: Section I, Lesson 6.3 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 59. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: sagittal.mp3] and choose the correct spelling.

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a. sagittal* b. saggital c. sagital d. sagittol Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text page: 67 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.5 MULTIPLE CHOICE/SPELLING 60. Listen to the pronunciation of the term [link to: cephalic.mp3] and choose the correct spelling. a. cephallic b. cephalic* c. caphalic d. cephaelic Objective: Know the terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. Text page: 66 MTO: Section I, Lesson 8.6

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