Functions:

• support

• movement

• transit-way for:
-vessels
-nerves
-nourishment
-air
& infections
between head & trunk
Cervical Vertebrae

2
3 1
1
4

5
6

7
Cervical Plexus
Deep Antero-lateral Neck Musculature

1=longus capitis
1 2=longus colli

3=anterior scalene
4=middle scalene
5=posterior scalene
2
Innervation:
Ventral rami of cervical
3 spinal NN.
45
Superficial Antero-lateral Neck Musculature

Sternocleidomastoid

Innervation: Spinal XI

Supra and infrahyoids

•suprahyoids:
digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid

•infrahyoids:
sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid
innervation: branches of ansa cervicalis
(cervical ventral rami)
thyrohyoid
innervation: N. to thyrohyoid
(C-1 ventral rami fibers)
 1

1. Trapezius
innervation: Spinal XI
 2

2. Splenius capitis
innervation: dorsal rami, cervical spinal NN.
 3

3. Semispinalis capitis
innervation: dorsal rami, cervical spinal NN.
 Sub-occipital
region

4. Semispinalis cervicis

innervation: dorsal rami of

cervical spinal NN.
Sub-occipital Region
Sub-occipital Triangle

2 1

Innervation: subocicpital N.
Sub-occipital Triangle

Boundaries:

Medial: lateral side of

rectus capitis posterior
major

Lateral: medial side of

superior oblique

Inferior: superior border of

inferior oblique

Contents:

• Posterior arch of atlas

• Vertebral artery
• Suboccipital N. (C-1
dorsal ramus)
External Carotid Artery and Its Branches

Superior thyroid
Ascending Pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior Auricular
Superficial Temporal
Maxillary
External Carotid Artery and Its Branches

S uperior thyroid
A scending Pharyngeal
L ingual
F acial
O ccipital
P osterior Auricular
S uperficial Temporal
M axillary
Course of the Internal Carotid and Vertebral Arteries
Clemente, 4th ed., Fig. 721
FASCIAL PLANES OF THE
NECK