Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
PRESENTATION
ON
“ Rapid prototyping ”
Submitted by
Mr. VILAS P. KSHIRSAGAR
Presentation at :
Govt. College of Engg., Jalgaon.
2000-2001
Rapid Prototyping
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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Rapid Prototyping
INDEX
1. Introduction
What is Prototyping
4. Development 3
6. Basic Process 8
Stereolithography
LOM
3D Plotting
8. Conclusion 13
9. Bibliography 14
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boxes, dies, jigs etc., become expensive to alter and, in many cases, may
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moulder, the system goes a long way towards reducing time taken and cost
2. The complexity of the model does not form any limitations to its production.
3. The early use of these models was to assist the designer in determining fit
and form. It also provided the sales team with a 3 dimensional object to
show to a prospective customer, this being far better than the traditional
4. Concept modeling
5. Aesthetic
produce an article that will serve the purpose of use without making
examples of design failure that have been the cause of serious injury and
costly litigation.
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Discussion piece.
Assembly capabilities.
etc.)
Development
The development of this technology has reach into many of traditional fields.
where possible, improve profitability. We are all aware that profits accrue when
income from sales exceed total cost and that profits can be increased by
successful in reducing the labour content, which, in most cases is the major
cost.
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There are over 500 SLA machines installed world wide (approximately 20 in
contributes to their profitability, BAe. claims that one of its systems paid for
itself within 5 months. Rover, who bought the largest system available, is
All the companies are exploiting the power of RP to increase their profits as
discussed below.
* Visual Models
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two-button mouse; in less than two weeks from the initial request Logitech’s
team returned with a functional SLA prototype. The customer’s reaction was
one of ‘disbelief '. Part quality was so superior that the computer giant
awarded the contract on the spot. It is thought that this single order paid for
stated:
"Six months of delay can reduce a product’s life cycle profits by 33%".
The author of that article has since written: "The first product to market has a
100% share of that market in the beginning. The earlier a product appears, the
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better are its prospects for obtaining and retaining a large share of the
market… For each month cut from a product’s development cycle a month can
be added to its sales life, representing an extra month of revenue and profit…
before there is competition, the company will enjoy more pricing freedom,
major goals are decreasing the time to develop a product, while allowing
investment… The return from launching a single product several months early
and most importantly, greater customer satisfaction. This has lead to many
introductions of more product variants each having a life cycle than the
previous one. In addition, lead-times demanded are shorter than ever before.
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times, thus making it possible to respond to the demands of the niche markets
amounts of money and resources on tooling for a product that might not make
it on the market. This will inevitably make people cautious and restrict their
design flair to those tried and tested shapes and systems. Where a relatively
cheap model can be produced quickly it reduces the fear that traditional
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model into layers, each layer being typically 0.1 - 0.25mm thick. The machine
then uses this data to construct the model layer by layer, each layer being
bonded to the previous until a solid object is formed. Due to this laminated
realised
result a support structure is also built along with the model itself. Once the
model is complete, and the remaining powder or liquid in the build tank is
expunged, and the support structure must be removed. This is similar to the
the software used to drive the process. This translates a conventional 3D CAD
drawing into the STL format used by the Rapid Prototyping machines (see
Software)
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Types
1. Photopolymer (Stereolithography),
3. 3D Plotting.
(FDM)
ABS
Medical ABS
Polyethylene
Polypropylene.
a single, fine nozzle. The head travels in the X axis while the table or platform
On leaving the nozzle the thermo- polymer adheres and hardens to the
previous layer.
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(LOM)
film (paper or plastic), the laser has only to cut/scan the periphery of each
on its under side) is stretched from a supply roller across an anvil or platform
to a take- up roller on the other side. A heated roller passes over the paper
through one thickness of paper cuts the profile of that layer. The excess paper
around and inside the model is etched into small squares to facilitate its
removal. Meanwhile, this surplus material provides support for the developing
model during the build process. The process of gluing and cutting continuous
cut at one time which increases the size of the steps on curved surfaces and
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NASA have used the LOM to produce 12 ‘Hot’ gas manifold for the shuttle
main engine.
SLA system builds shapes using light to selectively solidify liquid photocurable
resins.
Principle :
2. The platform is lowered into the vat by the distance of the layer thickness.
drawing a cross -sectional layer in the x-y plane to form a solid section.
4. The platform is then lowered into the vat and the next layer is drawn and
5. These steps are repeated, layer-by-layer until the complete part is built up.
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Wax -like material that can be used for investment casting of metal parts.
Polyamide (nylon) is generally used for parts requiring higher strength and/ or
toughness.
ABS that is, with ductility to test snap fit, flexible hinges and other functional
properties of a design.
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Conclusion
developing industry because R&D can only word of new blood in industry, so
R & D Engg. developing new shapes, size, design, type of various component
for the establishing machine or product but hurdle is to produce the part
Now the time has come where, the design egg. Just can imagine the new
design, reproduce on the paper and within the few minute the product will be
ready with this technology ( prototyping) because the time has come where
this technology is capable to give the product manufactured within few minutes
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Bibliography
Dearborn 1992.
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x
Head
nozzle
y
Plat form
Z
Process Chamber
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Laser
Elevation
Support
Surface of resin
Platform
Vat
Resin
Stereolithography
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