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The Ohio State University Dept. of Chemistry BETHA Project ' $% &
http://dehkadeh-chem.blogfa.com

& ' % !" #$

2A + B 3C % (

a) rate = k[A] [B] Exp. [A] mol/L [B] mol/L Rate of formation of C (M/min)
b) rate = k[B]
1 0.10 0.10 4.0 x 10-4
c) rate = k[A] [B]2
d) rate = k[A]2[B] 2 0.30 0.30 1.2 x 10-3
e) rate = k[A] 3 0.10 0.30 4.0 x 10-4
4 0.20 0.40 8.0 x 10-4
% ( & '% !" #$
- + - -
2 ClO3 + 9 I- + 6 H 3 I3 + 2 Cl + 3 H2O

Exp. [ClO3-] [I-] [H+] initial rate (M/sec)

1 0.10 0.10 0.10 x
2 0.10 0.20 0.10 2x
3 0.20 0.40 0.10 8x

% ( & '% !" #$ )

- - -
2 ClO2 + 2 OH ClO3 + ClO2 + H2O

a) rate = k[ClO2] [HO-] Exp. [ClO2] [OH-] initial rate (M/sec)

b) rate = k[ClO2]
c) rate = k[ClO2] [HO-]2 1 1.5 x 10-2 1.5 x 10-2 3.88 x 10-4
d) rate = k[ClO2]2 [HO-]2 2 3.0 x 10-2 1.5 x 10-2 1.55 x 10-3
e) rate = k[ClO2]2 [HO-] 3 3.0 x 10-2 6.0 x 10-4 6.20 x 10-3

2 + , -! . / & 01 *
-! . & % 5 , -! . F2 NO2 # & 34
% 1 5 #6
2 NO2 + F2 2 NO2F (balanced equation);
NO2 + F2 NO2F + F (slow);
F + NO2 NO2F (fast)

a) rate = k [F2] b) rate = k [NO2] [F] c) rate = k [NO2]

d) rate = k [NO2] [F2] e) rate = k [NO2]2 [F2
& ' % 5 8 9# " NO ! 7 4 -! . # & 34
% 1 5 #6 -! . # #$ 1

2 NO + Cl2 2 NOCl (balanced equation);

NO + Cl2 2 NOCl2 (fast);

NOCl2 + NO 2 NOCl (slow)

a) rate = k [NO]2 [Cl2]2 b) rate = k [NO] [NOCl2] c) rate = k [NO] [Cl2]

2
d) rate = k [NO] [Cl2] e) rate = k [NO]2
& ' % 5 8 9 # CO NO2 -! . # & 34 :
% 1 5 #6 -! . # #$ 1

NO2 + CO NO + CO2 (balanced equation);

NO2 + NO2 NO3 + NO (slow);

NO3 + CO NO2 + CO2 (fast)

a) rate = k [CO] b) rate = k [NO2] c) rate = k [NO2] [CO]

d) rate = k [NO2]2 e) rate = k [NO2]2 [CO]
2 < 0= > #! 3 ;
+ & 5?4! & 01 +4 / #@AB

Reaction 1 Reaction 2
1.0 x 10 s @ 40 C 2.0 x 10-5 s-1 @ 40oC
-6 -1 o

+ & 5?4! & 01 +4 / #@AB C

Reaction 1 Reaction 2
1.0 x 10-6 s-1 @ 40oC 2.0 x 10-5 s-1 @ 40oC

+ & 5?4! & 01 +4 / #@AB D

Reaction 1 Reaction 2
1.0 x 10 s @ 30 C 2.0 x 10-6 s-1 @ 60oC
-6 -1 o

274 5 F GH 1 E
2 5 &.F K I= 5" J
% < 0= > & , LN % & M 01 I= L
% +J .J 5. 4 > P 4 I= LO
% 4 N L N L* L) OL % 4! O NQ L
2 R9 1# ? 15 !J1 7 ."F
% S !1 51 T1 UFV4 LN % 5. 4 > I= L
% 4 , < 0= > ! & 1L % +J .J M 01 LO
 % I= " 15 +W 9 1 7
% Y + LN % @"X I= L
% 4 O L % 4 OQNQ L % !J1 7 I= LO
2 #' W4 +J )
- + -
H2SeO3(aq) + 6 I (aq) + 4 H (aq) 2 I3 (aq) + 3 H2O() + Se(s)
2 ! '#J Z #" !" #$ W9 #4!
a) Rate = k[H2SeO3] [H+]2 [I-]
[H2SeO3]0 [H ]0 +
[I ]-
Rate (mol/L s) b) Rate = k[H2SeO3 [H+] [I-]2
-4 -2 -2 c) Rate = k[H2SeO3]2 [H+] [I-]
1.0 x 10 2.0 x 10 2.0 x 10 1.66 x 10-7
d) Rate = k[H2SeO3] [H+]2 [I-]3
2.0 x 10-4 2.0 x 10-2 2.0 x 10-2 3.33 x 10-7 e) Rate = k[H2SeO3] [H+] [I-]
3.0 x 10-4 2.0 x 10-2 2.0 x 10-2 4.99 x 10-7
1.0 x 10-4 4.0 x 10-2 2.0 x 10-2 6.66 x 10-7
1.0 x 10-4 1.0 x 10-2 2.0 x 10-2 0.42 x 10-7
1.0 x 10-4 2.0 x 10-2 4.0 x 10-2 13.4 x 10-7
1.0 x 10-4 1.0 x 10-2 4.0 x 10-2 3.36 x 10-7

5 7 # / W!F1 E\ N2(g) + 3H2(g) --> 2 NH3(g) [ J 1P 4 *

] !65 &F > 4 Y ^ _ P 4 %
# / W!F1 E\ E L* # / W!F1 E\ L) # / W!F1 E\ E L # / W!F1 E\ ) L

, Q # / W!F1 \E > , Y Q8 W4 P V1 QK <

% 36 > 4
# / W!F1 E\ L* # / W!F1 E\)) L) # / W!F1 )\E L # / W!F1 E\:; L
% !6 & '% - =X+Y Z 8 B` :
[X] [Y] Rate ( mol/L.s )
.020 .020 -8
1.28×10
.020 .040 -8
2.56×10
.040 .040 -7
1.03×10
2 2 2 2
1) Rate = K[X][Y] 2) Rate = K[X] [Y] 3) Rate = K[X][Y] 4) Rate = K[X] [Y]

% !6K K 3 ;
-4 -5 -3 -1
1) 5.3×10 2) 2.2×10 3) 1.6×10 4) 8.7×10
% !6K K A C
2 2 -1 3 3
1) L /mol × s 2) L/mol × s 3) s 4) L /mol × s

% M #6 !. P V1 Q [X] = .060 M , [Y] = .080 M Y QK D

-6 -8 -6 -7
1)2.3×10 mol/L×s 2)4.1×10 mol/L×s 3)8.5×10 mol/L×s 4)4.6×10 mol/L×s
 % ' #a V % 7 E
[A] [B] [C] Rate ( mol/L.s )
.050 .050 .050 .160
.050 .100 .050 .320
.100 .050 .050 .160
.100 .100 .100 .640
2 2
1) Rate = K[A][B][C] 2) Rate = K[A] [B][C] 3) Rate = K[A][B] [C]
4) Rate = K[A][B] 5) Rate = K[B][C]

] !6K / 3
1) .012 2) .88 3) .64 4) 24 5) 64
] !6K / A
2 2 3 3 -1
1)L/mol×s 2)L /mol ×s 3)L /mol ×s 4)s

Q 25 M Q B @"X 4.8 mol/L × s Y Q M #6 C 5J @"X )

1) .10 M 2) .15 M 3) .20 M 4) .24 M 5) .30 M

] !6 8 B` #" b ' *
[X] [Y] Rate ( mol/L×s )
.030 .050 -3
1.2×10
.060 .050 -3
1.2×10
.030 .100 -3
1.2×10
1) Rate = K[X][Y] 2) Rate = K[X]2[Y] 3) Rate = K[X] 4) rate = K[Y] 5) Rate = K

] !6K /
-3 -1 -3 -3
1) 1.2×10 s 2) 1.2×10 mol/L×s 3) 1.2×10 L/mol×s 4) 1.0

L d] 5 51 B` #6 # 5c F #J 0 7 :
L) 4 4 L = L
#f L (e ! L*
% 5 U 5c F -! . 8 B` ;
(e ! L) 4 4 L = L
K #F L #f L*
] 5 #6 Q 5 T1 gh Y 5 U. 7 -! . # C
K # IY L #f L* L) =L !J1 L

] 5 #6 > #"' 8 i 54' j 1 D

! J 1 L* < 0= g."hF L) =L #f L

2 #4 + 15 ' # 4! + Q + )E
+J .J k L P3= L
5, 4 T1 L* -! . # ? j 1 L)
 5 #J 0 #" ' # IY 7 )
2A+B C+D
2
1) Rate = K[A][B] 2) Rate = K[A] [B] 3) Rate = K[A][B] 4) Rate = K[A]
L d] -! . 8 B` # IY 7 )
% & 01 # #J 0 + #a1 L
+ a$ SF$ Q # 5c F #J 0 #c !J1 L
la4 + SF$ U9 A # #a1 & 01 L)
3 f ' 5 e1 m 4 -! . L*
7 -! . #a1 & 01 ))
! -! . #a1 & 40 L
! @"X & 4 , L Y d #"A L
! -! . #"A & 1 #4! L)
! -! . #"A & 1 1 L*
2 5c F 7 4 M n1 )*
> #a"X 8 i& M L % M - 8 iL
K #F L* % M j +$ 8 i L) % #4 > 5= #
2 +J .J M U9 A 7 4 > )
$ , U ! 4, > # L 8 i , &4!. L
U a1 7 4 K M #" # EE L) % U a1 P #"A =
%K L K #F L*
-! . GH 1 7 ( ):
]
Y Y L
Y L
% #f #"A d ^ A L)
% < 0= > e ^ A L*
% C^ A L

< 0= > 3 Q < > " E Qe #"A > < > " ) Qd #"A > Y K );
] 36 g.

1) 52 Kj 2) -12 Kj 3) 12 Kj 4) 22 Kj
] #"A ( U -! . # 5 ' )C
(a) A + B C + D ( slow )
(b) A + C E ( fast )
(c) E + F G ( fast )

1) Rate = K [A][C] 2) Rate = K [A][B] 3) Rate = K [E][F]

 ] # IY ( -! . # #J 0 )D
a) A + B C + D (fast)
b) A + C E (slow)
c) E + F G (fast)
1) A +E + F D+G 2) A + C + F E+G
3) A + C D+G 4) 2A + B + F D+G

2 5 P JA + -! . k ( *E
a) A + B C + D (fast)
b) A + C E (slow)
c) E + F G (fast)

1) C , D 2) B , E 3) C , E 4) A , B , F
] !J1 7 + -! . k ( *
a) A + B C + D (fast)
b) A + C E (slow)
c) E + F G + B (fast)

1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E

] & 01 #"A -! . #"A ( *

2
#"A L
Energy

1 #"A L

Reaction Progress

] 5 K UA ( F1 < 0= > K -! . .,( *)

L L
] !J1 ( **
5 & , 7 < 0= > +4! J 1 L
% 5 & 1 (e # ! +4! J 1 L
5 I= 8 i& / M 01 +4! J 1 L)
5F T1 UA ( .o 5c F + +4! J 1 L*
K #F L