Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
NCLINAI
NECULA MICHAEL-DENIS, MECATRONICA, 2531
2011 2012
CUPRINS
INTRODUCERE
Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa
aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa
aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa
aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa
aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa
aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa
aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa
aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa
aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa
aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa
aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa.
TEMA DE PROIECT
Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa
aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa
aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa
aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa
aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa
aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa
aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa.
1 CALCULUL ANGRENAJULUI REDUCTORULUI
Schita unui reductor de acest tip apare in figura X...
1.1 Calcule preliminare
Date de intrare
Puterea motorului electric de antrenare:
96 . 0 P kW
Turatia motorului electric de antrenare:
n=750 rot/min
Raportul de transmitere total:
I=89.5;
1.1.1 mprirea raportului de transmitere total
Raportul de transmitere total este dat de relatia:
2 , 1
i i i
tc
unde:
tc
i
- este raportul de transmitere al transmisiei prin curele,
2 , 1
i
- raportul de transmitere al angrenajului melcat;
Se adopta itc = 2;
De aici rezulta raportul de transmitere al angrenajului melcat :
75 . 44
2
5 . 89
2 , 1
tc
i
i
i
,
Cu ajutorul acestui raport de transmitere real, se adopta un raport de transmitere standardizat
conform STAS 6012-82, adica ISTAS= 45.
Se adopta numarul de inceputuri pentru melc z1 = 2.
Confom numarului de inceputuri ai melcului, dar si a raportului de transmitere standardizat,
obtinem numarul de dinti ai rotii melcate:
45 2
1 2
STAS
i z z
Totusi, STAS 13024-91 recomanda ca numarul de dinti ai rotii melcate z2 sa nu fie muliplu
intreg a numarului de inceputuri a melcului z1, astfel, adoptam z2=89.
Raportul de angrenare real al angrenajului melcat:
5 . 44
2
89
1
2
2 , 1
z
z
i
Ca verificare, vom recurge la urmatoarea formula :
555 . 0 100
45
45 75 . 44
100
2 , 1
STAS
STAS
i
i i
2 , 1
i
44.75
Raportul de transmitere real al transmisiei prin curele trapezoidale:
75 . 44
5 . 89
2 , 1
i
i
i
tc 2
Facultatea de Mecanic, Secia Mecatronic, Grupa 2531
1.1.2 Calculul turaiilor
Turatia arborelui de intrare in reductor:
375
2
750
1
tc
i
n
n
[rot/min]
Turatia arborelui de iesire:
379 . 8
75 . 44 2
750
2 , 1
2
i i
n
n
tc
[rot/min]
1.1.3 Calculul puterilor
Adoptam urmatoarele valori pentru randamentele elementelor componente, conform standardelor:
-randamentul transmisiei prin curele trapezoidale;
92 . 0
tc
-randamentul angrenajului melcat;
82 . 0
m
375 141 . 3
874 . 0 10 3 10 3
7
1
1
7
1
n
P
T
mm N
3
10 260 . 22
Momentul de torsiune pe arborele de iesire :
mm N
n
P
T
4
7
2
2
7
2
10 6 . 98
379 . 8 141 . 3
865 . 0 10 3 10 3
a
h , coeficientul inaltimii capului de referinta;
- 25 . 0
462 . 9 )
12
2
arctan(
Factorul de elisticitate al materialelor rotilor :
MPa Z
E
188 , se adopta aceasta valoare conform standardelor.
Factorul zonei de contact :
1 1
cos sin
cos 2
H
Z
56 . 20 cos 56 . 20 sin
14 cos 2
2.4293
Unde,
)
cos
arctan(
1
tg
" 3 ' 33 20 56 . 20 )
14 cos
20
arctan(
tg
Factorul regimului de functionare :
KA=1.25 , se alege conform standardelor;
Factorum dinamic:
, (
al V
v f K
treapta de precizie), tinand cont de conditii, se adopta KV=1.1
Factorul de repartizare a sarcinii pe latimea danturii, pentru solicitarea de contact:
1
H
K
, ales datorita sarcinii constante;
Numarul ciclurilor de solicitare :
1500 379 . 8 60 60
2 2 h L
L n N
7.54110
5
10
Factorul de influenta a durabilitatii asupra rezistentei materialului la oboseala in solicitarile de contact:
8
7
8
2
7
2
754110
10 10
L
N
N
Z =1.3814
Tensiunea admisibila pentru solicitarea de contact:
28 . 276 3814 , 1 200
2 2 lim 2
N H HP
Z
MPa
Factorul de influenta a variatiei razei de curbura echivalente in procesul angrenarii asurpa solicitarilor
de contact
-se evalueaza cu expresia :
5614 . 0 12 008 . 0 89 0014 . 0 2 005 . 0 6 . 0 008 . 0 0014 . 0 005 . 0 6 . 0
2 1
+ + q z z Z
C
Calculul distantei axiale pe baza solicitarii de contact(se considera x=0)
7
Facultatea de Mecanic, Secia Mecatronic, Grupa 2531
+
,
_
,
_
+
+
H V A
HP
c H E
wnecH
K K K
x q
z Z Z Z
T
z
x q
a
2
2
1 6 . 0
2
2
2
2
2
,
_
,
_
+ 3
4
1 1 . 1 25 . 1
12
89
28 . 276
5614 . 0 4293 . 2 188
10 6 . 98
89
12
1 6 . 0
wnecH
a
wnecH
a
139.825 mm.
Calculul distantei axiale pe baza solicitarii termice :
Se adopta
-k=3.5, pentru z1=2;
-
75 . 0
m
. Pentru z1=2
Coeficientul de transfer termic:
14
l
C grad m
W
.
2
2 1 1
K K P P
m
49905 . 0 1 571 . 0 874 . 0 kW
Unde,
571 . 0
14
8 8
1
1
K
;
1
2
K datorita faptului ca reductorul are 1 singura treapta;
Temperatura de regim a reductorului trebuie sa fie C t t
a
70 . Pentru a micsora viteza de
oxidare a uleiului, adoptam C t
45 . Pentru a micsora viteza reactiei de oxidare a uleiului, adoptam
C t
20 .
293 . 2
) 12 89 (
) 2 5 . 3 ( 11 ) 8 5 . 10 12 ( ) 6 14 89 (
2
) (
) 2 ( 11 ) 8 3 ( ) 6 4 (
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
+
+ + + + +
+
+
+ + + + +
+
q z
k k q k z
A
1149 . 0
12 89
) 2 5 . 3 ( 9
11 01 . 0
) 2 ( 9
11 01 . 0
2
,
_
+
+
+
1
]
1
+
+
+
q z
k
B
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
+
+
20 45 15 . 0 1 14 4
49905 . 0 75 . 0 1 10
0013 . 0
1 4
1 10
0013 . 0
3
0 1 1
3
t t
P
C
m m
-0.0761
Conform acest or coeficienti, rezulta ca distanta axiala calculata pe baza solicitarii termice :
3
2
3
2
10
293 . 2 2
1149 . 0 0761 . 0 2932 . 2 4 1149 . 0
10
2
4
A
B C A B
a
wnectermic
158.843 mm
Comparand
825 . 139
wnecH
a
si
843 . 158
wnectermic
a
, vom considera ca fiind
843 . 158
wnectermic wnec
a a
mm, pentru a satisface ambele conditii.
Modulul axial necesar:
xnec
m
1.4 Elementele de control
Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa
aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa
8
Adrian POPESCU
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa
aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa.
1.5 Verificarea ungerii
Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa
aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa
aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa.
9
2 CALCULUL ARBORILOR REDUCTORULUI
Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa
aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa
aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa. Aaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa
aaaaaaaaaaa aaa aa aa aaaaaa aaaa aa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaa aa aaaa aa aaaa aaaa
aaaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaa aaaa aaaaaa.
Figura 2.1 Arborele de intrare al reductorlului
3 CALCULE SPECIFICE CARCASEI REDUCTORULUI
BIBLIOGRAFIE
[1] Pop D., Tudose L., Harag S., Lagre cu rulmeni proiectare, Ed. Todesco, Cluj-Napoca,
2006.
[2] Pop D., .a., Reductoare cu dou trepte, Ed. Todesco, Cluj-Napoca, 2003.