< Cellular 8esplraLlon

< Lhe enzymaLlc breakdown of glucose (C

6
P
12
C
6
) ln Lhe presence of oxygen (C
2
) Lo produce cellular
energy (A1)
C
6
P
12
C
6
+ 6C
2
6 CC
2
+ 6P
2
C + 38 A1
< Lhree sLages of Cellular 8esplraLlon
lycolysls
reb's or ClLrlc Acld Cycle
lecLron 1ransporL Chaln (1C)
< lycolysls
< a LensLep process LhaL occurs ln Lhe cyLoplasm
< converLs each molecule of glucose Lo Lwo molecules of pyruv|c ac|d (a 3carbon molecule)
< an anaeroblc process proceeds wheLher or noL C
2
ls presenL C
2
ls noL requlred
< neL yleld of 2 A1 per glucose molecule
< neL yleld of 2 nAuP per glucose (nAuP ls nlcoLlne adenlne dlnucleoLlde a coenzyme LhaL
serves as a carrler for P
+
lons llberaLed as glucose ls oxldlzed)
< 1ranslLlon SLage
< 1he pyruvlc acld dlffuses lnLo Lhe lnner comparLmenL of Lhe mlLochondrlon where a rans||on
reac|on occurs LhaL serves Lo prepare pyruvlc acld for enLry lnLo Lhe nexL sLage of resplraLlon
(a) pyruvlc acld ace|c ac|d + CC
2
(a wasLe producL of cell meLabollsm) + nAuP
+

(b) aceLlc acld + coenzyme A acey| CoA
< reb's Cycle
< occurs ln Lhe lnner mlLochondrlal maLrlx
< Lhe aceLyl group deLaches from Lhe coenzyme A and enLers Lhe reacLlon cycle
< an aeroblc process wlll proceed only ln Lhe presence of C
2

< neL yleld of 2 A1 per glucose molecule (per 2 aceLyl CoA)
< neL yleld of 6 nAuP and 2 lAuP
2
(AD serves Lhe same purpose as nAu)
< ln Lhls sLage of cellular resplraLlon Lhe oxldaLlon of glucose Lo CC
2
ls compleLed
< CxldaLlve hosphorylaLlon vla lecLron 1ransporL Chaln
< conslsLs of a serles of enzymes on Lhe lnner mlLochondrlal membrane
< elecLrons are released from nAuP and from lAuP
2
and as Lhey are passed along Lhe serles of
enzymes Lhey glve up energy whlch ls used Lo fuel a process called chem|osmos|s by whlch
P
+
lons are acLlvely LransporLed across Lhe lnner mlLochondrlal membrane lnLo Lhe ouLer
mlLochondrlal comparLmenL 1he P
+
lons Lhen flow back Lhrough speclal pores ln Lhe
membrane a process LhaL ls LhoughL Lo drlve Lhe process of A1 synLhesls
< energy released ls capLured ln Lhe form of A1 (3 A1 per nAuP and 2 A1 per lAuP
2
)
< neL yleld of 34 A1 per glucose molecule
< 6 P
2
C are formed when Lhe elecLrons unlLe wlLh C
2
& aL Lhe end of elecLron LransporL chaln
N -oe 1h|s |s he func|on of oxygen |n ||v|ng organ|sms